Technical Specifications Version 27 Updated: August 2014 CONTENTS 2

DISPLAY SIZES 2 DISPLAY DATA REQUIREMENTS 7 DISPLAY PROOFING REQUIRMENTS 9 DISPLAY DELIVERY REQUIRMENTS & CONTACT DETAILS 11 FAQ & GLOSSARY 12

Introduction

Welcome to Hearst Magazines UK and Hearst Rodale UK Technical Specifications. Please take the time to read through this document, it contains all the information you require to create the correct print ready pdf and proof. Within this document is important information regarding data, proofing and a trouble shooting section should you run into any problems. To help you navigate this document we have made this as interactive as possible with various links to helpful websites.

PLEASE NOTE THAT Hearst Magazines UK and Hearst Rodale UK WILL NOT ACCEPT FILES DELIVERED BY DISC, FTP OR EMAIL.

DISCLAIMER: Whilst every effort is made to ensure that all advertisements are reproduced to the highest standard Hearst Magazines UK and Hearst Rodale UK will not accept responsibility for the reproduction of advertisements that have been supplied without a specified proof or when the data (PDF) has not been supplied to our specification.

Country Living Trimmed page size 286 x 215mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 286 x 215 292 x 221 266 x 192 Double page spread 286 x 430 292 x 436 266 x 410 DPS half page 140 x 430 146 x 436 130 x 410 Half page Vertical 286 x 103 292 x 109 266 x 93 Half page Horizontal 140 x 215 146 x 221 130 x 192 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 130 x 93 Quarter Page Vertical strip 286 x 54 292 x 60 266 x 44 Quarter Page Horizontal 72 x 215 78 x 221 62 x 192 DPS quarter page 72 x 430 78 x 436 62 x 410 2 DISPLAY SIZES 3

Good Housekeeping, Harpers Bazaar, Esquire & House Beautiful Trimmed page size 290 x 215mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 290 x 215 296 x 221 270 x 192 Double page spread 290 x 430 296 x 436 270 x 410 DPS half page 142 x 430 148 x 436 132 x 410 Half page Vertical 290 x 103 296 x 109 270 x 93 Half page Horizontal 142 x 215 148 x 221 132 x 192 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 132 x 93 Quarter Page Vertical strip 290 x 54 296 x 60 270 x 44 Quarter Page Horizontal 73 x 215 79 x 221 63 x 192 DPS quarter page 73 x 430 79 x 436 63 x 410

Prima Trimmed page size 286 x 210mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 286 x 210 292 x 216 266 x 190 Double page spread 286 x 420 292 x 426 266 x 400 DPS half page 140 x 420 146 x 426 130 x 400 Half page Vertical 286 x 100 292 x 106 266 x 85 Half page Horizontal 140 x 210 146 x 216 130 x 190 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 130 x 85 Quarter Page Vertical strip 286 x 52 292 x 58 266 x 42 Quarter Page Horizontal 72 x 210 78 x 216 62 x 190 DPS quarter page 72 x 420 78 x 426 62 x 400

Cosmopolitan Trimmed page size 286mm x 210mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 286 x 210 292 x 216 266 x 190 Double page spread 286 x 420 292 x 426 266 x 400 DPS half page 140 x 420 146 x 426 130 x 400 Half page Vertical 286 x 100 292 x 106 266 x 85 Half page Horizontal 140 x 210 146 x 216 130 x 190 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 130 x 85 Quarter Page Vertical strip 286 x 52 292 x 58 266 x 42 Quarter Page Horizontal 72 x 210 78 x 216 62 x 190 DPS quarter page 72 x 420 78 x 426 62 x 400 DISPLAY SIZES & MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS 4 For travel sizes, please contact the Production department directly.

Runners World Trimmed page size 286x215, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 286x215 292x221 266x185 Double page spread 286x430 292x436 266x395 Third Vertical 286x68.5 292x71.5 Half page Vertical 286x106 292x112 260x91.15 Half page Horizontal 140x215 146x221 130x185 Quarter Page Portrait 130x90 Eighth Horizontal Vertical strip 64x90

Men’s Health and Women’s Health Trimmed page size 285 x 215mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 285 x 215 291 x 221 275 x 200 Double page spread 285 x 430 291 x 436 275 x 420 DPS half page 141 x 430 147 x 436 126 x 420 Half page Vertical 285 x 107 291 x 113 275 x 87 Half page Horizontal 141 x 215 147 x 221 126 x 195 Quarter Page Vertical 275 x 37 281 x 43 265 x 30

Red Trimmed page size 300x220mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size (H x W) Bleed Type Area Whole page 300 x 220 306 x 226 290 x 220 Double page spread 300 x 440 306 x 446 290 x 430 DPS half page 150 x 440 156 x 446 140 x 430 Half page Vertical 300 x 110 306 x 116 290 x 100 Half page Horizontal 150 x 220 156 x 226 140 x 210 4 5

Elle Decoration Trimmed page size 285 x 220mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 285 x 220 291 x 226 275 x 210 Double page spread 285 x 440 291 x 446 275 x 430 DPS Half Page 140 x 440 146 x 446 130 x 430 Half page Vertical 285 x 108 291 x 114 275 x 98 Half page Horizontal 140 x 220 146 x 226 130 x 210 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 130 x 95

Elle Collections Trimmed page size 300 x 230mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head Trim Size (H x W) Bleed Type Area Whole page 300 x 230 306 x 236 290 x 220 Double page spread 300 x 460 306 x 466 290 x 450 DPS half page 150 x 460 156 x 466 140 x 450 Half page Vertical 300 x 115 306 x 121 290 x 105 Half page Horizontal 150 x 230 156 x 236 140 x 220

Elle Trimmed page size 285 x 215mm, Perfect bound, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 285 x 215 291 x 221 275 x 205 Double page spread 285 x 430 291 x 436 275 x 420 DPS Half Page 140 x 430 146 x 436 130 x 420 Half page Vertical 285 x 106 291 x 112 275 x 96 Half page Horizontal 140 x 215 146 x 221 130 x 205 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 130 x 95 6 WEEKLY TITLES

Reveal Trimmed page size 295 x 210mm, Saddle-stitched two wires, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 295 x 210 301 x 216 275 x 190 Double page spread 295 x 420 301 x 426 275 x 400 DPS half page 144 x 420 150 x 426 130 x 400 Half page Vertical 295 x 100 301 x 106 275 x 90 Half page Horizontal 144 x 210 150 x 216 130 x 190 Third page Vertical 295 x 63 301 x 69 285 x 53 Third page Horizontal 89 x 210 95 x 216 75 x 195 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 134 x 90 Quarter Page Vertical strip n/a n/a 275 x 40 Quarter Page Horizontal n/a n/a 65 x 190

BEST Trimmed page size 279 x 215mm, Saddle stitched two wires, Offset litho, Knock up to head Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 279 x 215 285 x 221 259 x 195 Double page spread 279 x 430 285 x 436 259 x 410 DPS half page 136 x 430 142 x 436 126 x 410 Half page Vertical 279 x 105 285 x 111 259 x 95 Half page Horizontal 136 x 215 142 x 221 126 x 195 Third page Vertical 279 x 68 285 x 74 259 x 58 Third page Horizontal 90 x 215 96 x 221 80 x 195 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 127 x 95 Quarter Page Vertical strip n/a n/a 259 x 45 Quarter Page Horizontal n/a n/a 63 x 195

REAL PEOPLE Trimmed page size 275 x 210mm, Saddle stitched two wires, Text is printed Gravure and Cover is Offset litho Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 275 x 210 281 x 216 265 x 200 Double page spread 275 x 420 281 x426 265 x 410 DPS half page 134 x 420 140 x 426 124 x 410 Half page Vertical 275 x 103 281 x 109 265 x 95 Half page Horizontal 134 x 210 140 x 216 124 x 200 Third page Vertical 275 x 64 281 x 70 265 x 56 Third page Horizontal 210 x 85 216 x 91 200 x 77 Quarter Page Portrait n/a n/a 135 x 95 Quarter Page Vertical strip n/a n/a 265 x 40 Quarter Page Horizontal n/a n/a 60 x 200 DISPLAY SIZES & MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS 7

Inside Soap Trimmed page size 275 x 205mm, Saddle-stitched two wires, Offset litho, Knock up to Foot

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 275 x 205 281 x 211 265 x 195 Double page spread 275 x 410 281 x 416 265 x 400 DPS Half Page 138 x 410 144 x 416 128 x 400 Half page Vertical 275 x 103 281 x 109 265 x 93 Half page Horizontal 138 x 205 144 x 211 128 x 195 TV Listings Box Small 46 x 46 TV Listings Box Large 144 x 55

All About Soap Trimmed page size 300 x 210mm, Saddle-stitched two wires, Offset litho, Knock up to head

Trim Size Bleed Type Area Whole page 300 x 210 306 x 216 290 x 200 Double page spread 300 x 420 306 x 426 290 x 410 DPS Half Page 150 x 420 156 x 426 140 x 410 Half page Vertical 300 x 105 306 x 111 290 x 95 Half page Horizontal 150 x 210 156 x 216 140 x 200 DISPLAY DATA REQUIREMENTS 8 PLEASE READ Live Matter ✓ This should be at least 10mm from trim edges. Gutter Allowance Where a headline or caption copy, which is basically free by design of important detail, spans the spine gutter of a double page spread, it should be spaced 5mm from each side of the centre line in addition to the normal word or letter spacing (i.e. 10mm plus normal word or letter spacing ). Where it is essential that detail within the picture itself presents a single image across the spine gutter when perfect bound then the picture image should be duplicated across the centre line for 5mm each side (i.e. 10mm in all). This duplication of image must be included within the trimmed page width and not added to it. n.b. Gutter allowance is NOT the same as gutter bleed or grind off. The visual alignment of two halves of a double page spread by this method is subject to the normal tolerances of perfect binding n.b. Saddle-stitch magazines and supplements do not require gutter allowance

Reverse Lettering Reverse lettering should be produced with a minimum of colour using the dominant Colour for the shape of the letter and making lettering in subordinate colours slightly larger to reduce register problems. Small type sizes, particularly in serif faces should be avoided.

File format ✓ High res PDF 1.3 compliant with PDF/X-1a only (Quark, Indesign, EPS and TIFF files areNOT accepted) ✓ A PDF file shall not be created with Adobe PDFWriter product ✓ Files must not contain any transparent elements ✓ Files must be composite ✓ Files must be CMYK ✓ A PDF file must have a crop box defined or have a crop box set to the same size as the Media Box. ✓ Files must contain crop marks and they must be set to the trim box size (trim size of the magazine) All images colour and greyscale contained in the PDF must be high resolution (300dpi min - 450dpi max, ✓recommended) ✓ Multiple Master fonts must not be used ✓ Embedded composite fonts which are not sub-set shall not be used in a pdf file ✓ All fonts must be embedded and all embedded fonts must be subsetted ✓ A PDF file shall not contain white text set to overprint ✓ Images using 16 bits per sample shall not be used in PDF files ✓ PDF files shall not use layers ✓ PDF files shall not contain annotations that are set to print ✓ The number of pages in a PDF file shall be exactly one ✓ Total Area Coverage (TAC) of elements on a page should not exceed 300% for Offset and 360% Gravure ✓ Resolution of 1-bit images and greyscale images shall not be below 2400 dpi ✓ 1-bit images shall not use JBIG/vector compression ✓ Images shall not use JPEG2000 compression It is the file creator’s responsibility to ensure that overprint settings within the file are correct. (Hearst Magazines UK and Hearst Rodale UK’s printers will honour whatever overprint settings are included in the file and black will overprint or knockout depending on whatever the instruction is. Some proofing systems do not reliably show overprint and so Hearst Magazines UK and Hearst Rodale UK cannot be held responsible for an incorrect print despite any check-proofing that we may decide to carry out)

It is preferred that double page spreads are supplied as two single PDFs but these should be proofed together. Do not add grind off /gutter bleed to the trim, the two pages should butt up n.b this is not the same as gutter allowance which is part of the trimmed page. Where it is essential that detail within the picture itself presents a single 8 DISPLAY DATA REQUIREMENTS 9

image across the spine gutter when perfect bound then the picture image should be duplicated across the centre line for 5mm each side (i.e. 10mm in all). This duplication of image must be included within the trimmed page width and not added to it. ✓ Files must not contain OPI (Open prepress interface) comments ✓ Files should be binary not ASCI The file creator should apply any trapping requirements. Trapping will be applied by the printer if No trapping have been✓ applied to the file. ✓ All files must be flight checked prior to submission ✓ All barcodes and QR’s must be supplied in black only, not 4 colour black

This specification applies to 4 colour advertisements only. If the advertisement uses 5 or 6 colours a different file format will be required. Please contact advertisement production for further information.

For Further information on creating print ready pdf files please see the pass4press website where you can download walk-throughs for pass4press PDF settings from: http://www.ppa.co.uk/all-about-magazines/production/pass4press/

You can download the PDF settings options such as Adobe InDesign, Acrobat Distiller latest versions, and QuarkX- press from the Ghent Workgroup and place it in the relevant settings folder depending on the application you are using.

Under–Colour Removal

UCR treatment in dark shadow areas is as follows

Cyan 20% Magenta 30% Yellow 30%

Four colour solids should be a maximum 280% to 300% with the black printer 0% in clean highlight areas and a maximum of 80% in shadow areas. Black lines should be 100% black with no other colours. DISPLAY PROOFING REQUIREMENTS 10 PROOFING Hearst Magazines UK and Hearst Rodale UK has made the decision to move all our titles on to ISO web coated standards (FOGRA 39L characterization data).

We will accept one clean uncorrected proof from devices accredited by FOGRA, Ghent Group or an International recognised body. The following devices/proofs that will be accepted:

GMG proofs with Epson 4800 and DuPontTM Cromalin® blue

✓All proofs from these devices should be supplied with the specified curve (see table below) All proofs must be 100% of the final size and be customer approved for content and colour. The proof must be taken from✓ the same RIPed file as supplied.

✓The FOGRA control strip (see below) must remain on the sheet as must the last calibration and proofing date.

✓All supplied proofs shoud be within a Delta E tolerance of 2 (see glossary for more info). FOGRA CONTROL STRIP

TEXT/ LITHO/ MAGAZINE COVER GRAVURE PROOFING CURVE BEST T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) REAL PEOPLE C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) REAL PEOPLE T G PSR_SC_PLUS_V2_PT REVEAL T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L)

COSMOPOLITAN T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) COUNTRY LIVING T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) ESQUIRE T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) GOOD HOUSEKEEPING T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) HARPERS BAZAAR T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) HOUSE BEAUTIFUL T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) PRIMA T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L)

RUNNERS WORLD T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) MEN’S HEALTH T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) WOMEN’S HEALTH T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L)

RED T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) ELLE T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) ELLE DECORATION T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L)

INSIDE SOAP T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) ALL ABOUT SOAP T&C L ISO_coated_v2_300% (FOGRA 39L) 10 DISPLAY PROOFING REQUIREMENTS 11

For further information about downloading the above colour curves and substrates please check the ECI, FOGRA and GHENT websites:

All devices should be accredited by FOGRA, Ghent Group or an International recognised body.

http://www.eci.org/doku.php?id=en:downloads

For FOGRA information please refer to: http://www.fogra.org/

Control Strips

The machine control strip and the printing control strip must remain with the proof. The printing control strip must show as a minimum, solids and overprints of the process colours, 40% and 80% tint patches and 3 colour grey patches.

Solid Dot gain Dot gain Density in 40% in 80%

Cyan 1.40 20% 12% Magenta 1.40 20% 12% Yellow 0.90 20% 12% Black 1.70 20% 12%

If no proof is supplied or if it does not follow this specification or be verified to follow this specification, a check proof will be created from the file for press matching purposes. We may charge for this service. DISPLAY DELIVERY REQUIRMENTS & CONTACT DETAILS 12

Methods of Delivery

ADSTREAM (QuickCut) www.adstream.com will preflight and check your file against our latest specifications and deliver your file safely within seconds. Helpdesk tel: +44 (0) 20 7539 8383 or email: [email protected]

AdSEND www.adsend.com is a web based ad delivery system that will preflight and check your file against our specifications and deliver directly to us.Visit the website and click on “Register” then follow instructions. Helpdesk tel: +44 (0)20 7841 3500 or email: [email protected]

SPECLE www.specle.net is a web based ad delivery system that will preflight and check your file against our specifications and deliver directly to us.Visit the website and click on “Sign up” then follow instructions. Helpdesk tel: +44 (0)20 7871 3555 or email: [email protected]

PLEASE NOTE THAT WE DO NOT ACCEPT ANY ADVERTISING FILES SENT BY DISC, FTP OR EMAIL.

Ad Production Contacts

Paul Taylor [email protected] Esquire, Country Living, Harpers Bazaar +44 (0)20 7439 5682 Reveal , Real People, Modern Rustic, T&C

Jonathan Stuart [email protected] Good Housekeeping, Cosmopolitian +44 (0)20 7439 5290 Prima

Richard Williams [email protected] Men’s Health, Women’s Health, +44 (0)20 7439 5287 House Beautiful, Best, Runners World

Carl Latter [email protected] Red, Elle, Elle Decoration +44 (0)20 7439 5402 All About Soap, Inside Soap

Delivery Address

Hearst Magazines UK Advertisement Production Dept. Hearst Magazine House 72 Broadwick Street 12 FAQ 13 RGB or CMYK Gray is used (26x) / (14x)

Shades of gray can be reproduced on-screen by combining an identical percentage of red, green, and blue. However, the print equivalent, produced by mixing identical amounts of cyan, magenta, and yellow inks, may result in a muddy brown color due to impurities in the inks used. This undesired effect can be avoided by using the gray color space or by only using the black component for CMYK colors. This way, shades of gray are produced by adding more or less black ink, and without using any other ink’s. Total ink coverage of flat CMYK color is larger than 300% (14x)

The combination of the four components of the CMYK color you used results in an ink coverage higher than a given maximum allowed percentage, e.g. 300%. Such high ink coverage is undesirable because:

•Ink pigments are by nature imperfect and the resulting colors are likely to be less sharp. For example, black created through combining 100% cyan, magenta and yellow appears as muddy brown when printed.

•High ink coverage results in over saturation of the printing paper. Large amounts of ink are applied to the page, which is likely to stretch, warp or tear. In addition, the ink dries more slowly.

•Using unnecessary amounts of ink adds to the printing costs. ICC profiles – what are they and what are the implications if we remove them?

Every input and output device reproduces color and grayscales in a slightly different way. As a result, the colors you see in a PDF file on your screen may not match the colors produced when you print the PDF to an output device. ICC color profiles are used to avoid this. An ICC color profile is a mathematical description of the color space used by a specific device. In other words, the color profile describes how the colors produced by the device relate to the reference CIE LAB color space (a device-independent color space). As such, they allow you to set up a workflow in which all devices use color management to compensate for their individual color reproduction characteristics, based on the information in the ICC profiles. OPI – what are they and what are the implications if we remove them?

Open Prepress Interface (OPI) allows you to use only low-resolution images in your documents during the design process. Using OPI, these low-resolution images are automatically replaced with high-resolution images when the separations are printed for the documents. If you use OPI to work with files containing only small, low-resolution images in your page layout applications (e.g. Adobe In-Design), you can reduce the processing time when you are working with the files. If the PDF Profile detects OPI information in your document, the document: May contain the high-resolution images, in which case the OPI links are no longer useful, and were probably included accidentally May have been created with low-resolution images, in which case the high-resolution images were either accidentally omitted, or the document was created in an OPI work-flow, which is not allowed by your PDF Profile. Custom Transfer Function found

The PDF Profile checked the document for the presence of custom transfer functions (sometimes also called transfer curves). Transfer curves are used for (and maybe even more) for creative use and artistic effect and to correct for the characteristics of a specific, maybe poorly calibrated, output device. For example, a file that is intended for output on a particular image setter may contain transfer functions that compensate for the dot gain inherent with that printer. In a specific workflow, you may want to remove transfer curves prior to printing. In another scenario you may need to apply a transfer curve to all objects in the document to compensate for the dot gain of your printer. Custom halftone found?

A custom halftone function is used to compensate for the dot gain or dot loss that occurs when an image is transferred to film. Also, halftone functions (also known as “halftone transfer curves”) are used when transferring the document to film in order to make up for the dot gain or loss associated with a specific printing device. Dot gain is the phenomenon that occurs when a dot the smallest printed unit is transferred to film, or printed on paper. The size of the dot may increase or decrease (dot loss) slightly as a result of either of these processes. Halftones are mostly used for screening frequency and angles. They can cause a problem because they are device-specific.

What exactly are TrueType fonts and what is the problem with them?

TrueType fonts are widely used and are integrated in almost all desktop office software applications for the Windows and Mac operating systems. However, some professional prepress service providers are reluctant to support TrueType fonts, because they need to be converted to PostScript outlines in order to print well on PostScript devices, which may affect the quality of the resulting font. FAQ 14

- What is Subset, what impact will it have if not done?

If a font has been completely embedded, you can still edit the text in the PDF file that uses the font in question, even though the font has not been installed on your computer. Embedding a font as a subset means that only those characters of the font that are actually used in the text are embedded. This reduces the file size by not including superfluous font information.

- Trapping flag unknown?

The trapped flag in a PDF document indicates whether it has been trapped or not. If the trap flag is set to:

• True: the document has been trapped, or the document creator has decided that it should not be trapped.

• False: the document has not been trapped.

• Unknown: the document status is not certain.

- Caution Document contains unsupported shading objects (1x) - Document contains unsupported smooth shade patterns (10x)

The PDF Profile checked the document for the presence of patterns and shadings. Patterns and smooth shading are features that were introduced in PDF 1.3 and are supported by Adobe Acrobat4.x or later. Certain output devices may have problems correctly interpreting patterns and/or shadings. Because they represent complex mathematical functions, shadings and patterns can cause problems during color conversions (e.g. converting an RGB object that contains shading to the CMYK

- Error Indexed color is used (4x)

The indexed color space uses no more than 256 colors, and is as such particularly suited for use in Web applications. Images are typically converted to index color mode in order to decrease their file sizes. When an image is converted to indexed color, a color lookup table is created, in which the colors that were used in the image are stored and indexed. Using an indexed color table lets you reduce the file size of an image while maintaining the visual quality that you need.

- Error Spot color is used (80x) - Caution Document uses 6 separations, should be <= 4 - What is spot colour, how can it be removed?

Spot colors are printed with special premixed inks, used instead of, or in addition to, CMYK inks (also known as process colors). Spot color printing requires a separate plate for every spot color, whereas process color printing only uses four plates, one for each of the four basic CMYK colors. Spot colors are especially well suited for offset printing, but should be used with caution when creating documents for digital output or monitor display.

The PDF document contains one or more graphic elements that lie completely outside the page box specified in the PDF Profile. Depending on your workflow, you may want to remove all objects (graphics, text, etc.) that lie outside of a specific page box. For example, you might want to remove all artwork that lies completely outside the media box (the page size as defined in the source application). Typical causes of this problem are PDF edits after document creation, i.e. changing the size of the media box. In the example below, the media box was changed from A4 to US Letter format, without moving or scaling the page contents. FAQ 15

- Error Font HelveticaNeue-Light is a composite font (2-byte) (150x) – what is a Composite font?

Composite fonts are either OCF (Original Composite Fonts) format, an earlier and rapidly dying method for handling East Asian font needs, or the Adobe composite font mechanism for creating “virtual fonts” where some glyphs in one font are replaced by ones from another font. Composite fonts (also called “double-byte” fonts) enable you to display special characters of foreign languages, e.g. Asian languages. They are also called double-byte fonts because every character is determined by 2 bytes (16 bits). Double-byte characters may not always be supported in a later stage of the PDF workflow.

- UCR? What is it?

The PDF Profile checked the document for the presence of custom undercolor removal definitions (UCR). Undercolor removal is the process of removing large percentages of cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) ink prior to printing in order to achieve a clearer black color in print, and to save on color inks.

- Text point size 8.0, colored with 2 or more color plates, is less than 9.0 (47x)

The PDF Profile checked the document for the presence of text:

•That is smaller than Z points, the minimum size limit defined in the PDF Profile, and •Which occurs on more than Y separations (plates).

Extremely small text may not reproduce correctly on some output devices, and may cause legibility problems. This problem can be caused by the following:

•An illustration containing text of a small point size (e.g.: 10 pt) was inserted in a DTP program and then scaled down (e.g.: 70%). •A font, which is too small, may have been used in the DTP program itself.

If small text occurs on several color separations (plates), the readability can become limited. The slightest mistake in the alignment of the printing plates causes printing problems as shown in the illustration.

The plates are correctly aligned on the left. On the right, a slight anomaly is visible. The text is thus less readable. When using small text, even the smallest anomalies — sometimes unavoidable when aligning the plates — will become visible, making the text illegible. GLOSSARY 16

CMYK An abbreviation for cyan, magenta, yellow and black (or EPS Encapsulated PostScript. The EPS file format can contain key): the four process colours that make up the subtractive CMYK both vector and bitmap graphics and is widely supported by most colour space. Developed for printing, which works with reflected graphic applications. EPS files are often used as an intermedi- light, each colour is the opposite of its RGB equivalent in the ate way of transferring graphic elements from one application to visible spectrum: cyan is opposed to red, magenta to green, another. yellow to blue. CMY inks control the amount of RGB light that is reflected from white paper; black is added as the CMY colours JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group – the international standards alone cannot create a solid black. body that has defined compression standards. A JPEG trades image quality for file size. Compression can be set from 1 (lowest quality) to 12 Compression The reduction in size of a digital file, which can (highest quality) when saved using Adobe Photoshop. Ideally the be lossy or loss-less. Lossy formats (such as JPEG) permanently maximum setting should be used for print-quality images. Every time discard data – when the file is expanded the remaining data is a JPEG is saved there is a potential quality drop, normally visible in used to rebuild the missing data, which can lead to a noticeable the form of pixel ‘blocks’ appearing on the image. JPEGs are typically quality drop. supplied at 72dpi in RGB. It is advisable to convert JPEGs to a loss-less format (ie, TIFF) if any work such as etouching is to be carried out. When Delta E In the printing industry Delta E denotes the tolerance images are embedded into pass4press PDFs they are compressed as of proofs in relation to an ideal 100 per cent accuracy baseline. maximum quality JPEGs. Delta E is calculated by using a colour measuring device such as a colorimeter to examine solid reference patches printed on Press dot gain The amount by which a halftone dot increases a proof alongside the actual image. The pass4press standard between the printing plate and printed sheets. This occurs when ink is requires proofs to be within a Delta E tolerance of 2. absorbed by paper and is an inevitable part of the printing process – therefore it must be compensated for when scanning and be represented on the proof. The reduction in resolution of an image to Downsampling The red, green and blue additive primaries used on scanning match a printing device’s resolution, whilst retaining sizing and RGB devices and computer displays. This colour space is not positioning information. suitable for printing, so any element using it must be converted into CMYK before producing a PDF.

OPI Open Pre-press Interface. A system in which low-resolution TIFF Tagged Image File Format. The traditional rasterised bitmap file for- images are automatically replaced with high-resolution images mat for highquality, print-usage image files, photographic in nature, which on output. OPI comments are not acceptable within pass4press can theoretically be any resolution compliant PDF files. or colour space. TIFFs are typically used in print at 300dpi at 100 per cent of their placed size. TIFFs can lose quality if enlarged. Output Intent The PDF/X standard requires that all CYMK data be identified for a target printing condition using an Output Transfer Functions These are instructions to change the colour Intent. For printing conditions included in the ICC registry, this gradation of an image. They have traditionally been used to compensate may be conveyed by a pointer to the printing characterisation for dot gain in output devices or for the creation of special effects. Transfer data (Output Condition Identifier). For other conditions a full out- functions are rarely used today. The pass4press specification forbids the put profile is required as the value of the DestOutputProfile key. If use of transfer functions within PDF files. It recommends that these ef- you are not sure which colour space you should use, talk to your fects are applied during the creation of a PDF file. printer or publisher. In the absence of any information, you could use PPA’s ppacoatednov05.icc CMYK profile or one of ECI’s ISO A software program or computer profiles. See the pic4press version 2 brochure or ECI’s website RIP Raster Image Processor. that interprets digital data (for instance, PostScript) and determines what for more information (www.eci.org) value each individual pixel of a final output page bitmap should have. The interpretation of vector data into rasterised information. Spot Colour Overprint The printing of one colour over another without Colour printed with customised ink outside the four process colours of knocking out the colour beneath, meaning colours merge. cyan, magenta, yellow and black, such as metallics or fluorescents. Spot colours are not currently acceptable within PDF/Xs. DPI/PPI Dots per inch/pixels per inch. Measurements used to determine the resolution of printing images and text. This is TAC Total Area Coverage refers to the maximum amount of ink – ex- determined from the original pixel dimensions. pressed in the cumulative sum of dot percentages – of all the colours being printed in one area. For example, CMYK has a maximum of 400 per Trapping An operation that allows for variations in registration cent ink – 100 per cent of each colour. In Offset printing it is not desirable during printing, created mainly by allowing an overlap between to print 400 per cent of ink in one area as this can cause problems rang- adjacent areas of colour. The Trapped flag in Distiller must be set ing from inconsistent results to ink drying problems. The recommended to Insert True if the job is trapped, Insert False if it is not. amount of TAC is dependant on many variables including paper type and printing process; pass4press recommends 310 per cent maximum for the printing of magazines on heatset web offset printing on good quality UCR/GCR Under-Colour Removal/Grey Component Replace- coated paper, but stresses that in all cases one should verify with the ment. UCR replaces the grey component of neutral colours with printer or publisher for the recommended TAC. black ink, whereas GCR replaces the grey component of all colours with black ink, to minimise the amount of ink used during printing.