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A Low-Cost Launch Assistance System for Orbital Launch Vehicles
Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Aerospace Engineering Volume 2012, Article ID 830536, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/830536 Review Article A Low-Cost Launch Assistance System for Orbital Launch Vehicles Oleg Nizhnik ERATO Maenaka Human-Sensing Fusion Project, 8111, Shosha 2167, Hyogo-ken, Himeji-shi, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Oleg Nizhnik, [email protected] Received 17 February 2012; Revised 6 April 2012; Accepted 16 April 2012 Academic Editor: Kenneth M. Sobel Copyright © 2012 Oleg Nizhnik. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The author reviews the state of art of nonrocket launch assistance systems (LASs) for spaceflight focusing on air launch options. The author proposes an alternative technologically feasible LAS based on a combination of approaches: air launch, high-altitude balloon, and tethered LAS. Proposed LAS can be implemented with the existing off-the-shelf hardware delivering 7 kg to low-earth orbit for the 5200 USD per kg. Proposed design can deliver larger reduction in price and larger orbital payloads with the future advances in the aerostats, ropes, electrical motors, and terrestrial power networks. 1. Introduction point to the progress in the orbital delivery systems for these additional payload classes. Spaceflight is the mature engineering discipline—54 years old as of 2012. But seemingly paradoxically, it still relies solely 2. Overview of Previously Proposed LAS on the hardware and methodology developed in the very beginning of the spaceflight era. Modernly, still heavily-used A lot of proposals have been made to implement nonrocket Soyuz launch vehicle systems (LVSs) are the evolutionary LASandarelistedinTable 1. -
On the Development of Affordable Space Travel
On the Development of Affordable Space Travel William Earley 26th March 2013 Abstract Space travel is a dream to many, but there has been little change to the prohibitive expenses involved. By examining the history and current state of space travel it is possible to identify the reasons why we strive for space and why progress has slowed. Looking at research into cheaper, more affordable launch vehicles, as well as using mathematical analysis and computer simulations to evaluate the costs involved, the transition from a mainly governmental to private space industry can be considered, and the prospects of new space startups is evaluated. Whilst it is too soon to tell for sure, private space companies are having a lot of preliminary successes, and it would appear that the already impressive cost reductions will continue as supply and demand catch up. It is important to recognise the limits of rocket-based launches though, and that even cheaper space travel needs more radical solutions, however there is currently little interest in these techniques. Nevertheless, the future looks hopeful for affordable space travel and it may not be long before extraterrestrial colonies and space tourism become commonplace. 1 Contents 1 The Current State of Spaceflight3 1.1 History..............................................3 2 Motivations 5 2.1 Opinions..............................................8 3 Preliminary Analysis 10 4 Technology 13 4.1 Current.............................................. 15 4.2 In Development.......................................... 18 4.3 Unmanned Spaceflight...................................... 22 4.4 Theoretical............................................ 24 5 Conclusion 27 A Interstellar Travel 29 B Derivations 32 B.1 Rocket Equation......................................... 32 B.2 Adjustments........................................... 33 B.3 Solid-State Travel Equation.................................. -
FINAL PROGRAM Innovations in Propulsion and Energy Driving System Solutions
2O16 25–27 JULY 2016 SALT LAKE CITY, UT Innovations in Propulsion and Energy Driving System Solutions FINAL PROGRAM www.aiaa-propulsionenergy.org #aiaaPropEnergy 16-1225 Real-Time Q&A and Polling during AIAA Propulsion NEW! and Energy 2016 withwith ConferenceConference IO!IO! During Plenary and Forum 360 Sessions, go to aiaa.cnf.io Getting Your Question Answered is as EASY as 1-2-3! 1. Click the “Ask” button to submit a question. 2. Check out the questions that other attendees are asking. 3. If you see a question that you want answered, click on the arrow on the left. The most popular questions automatically rise to the top. Participate in Session Polls 1. If Polls are available they will appear at the top of the page. Simply click/tap on a Poll to respond. 2. Choose your response(s) and hit “submit”. 3. After responding you will be able to see the results on your own device!* * Some Poll results may be hidden NO DOWNLOADING REQUIRED! Executive Steering Committee 2O16 AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2016 Welcome Welcome to Salt Lake City, Utah, and AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2016. We are excited to share the next few days with you as we explore the most pressing issues facing the future of propulsion and energy systems – the true heart of aerospace. With so many insightful and dynamic speakers and panelists, we are confident you will find the information presented here thought-provoking, impactful, and immediately useful to you in your work. Daniel “Dan” Michael Heil During the forum you will hear from thought leaders, learn about the latest technical Dumbacher Ohio Aerospace breakthroughs, and most importantly collaborate with other attendees from Purdue University Institute (Ret.) government, industry, and academia. -
Pushing Boundaries Through Innovative Design and Technology
10–12 JULY 2017 ATLANTA, GA Pushing Boundaries Through Innovative Design and Technology propulsionenergy.aiaa.org #aiaaPropEnergy 17-1835 The engine of change will come from the company that can build it. GE is bringing together best-in-class analytics and deep domain expertise to help our customers solve their toughest challenges. See how we’re changing the way we y at geaviation.com. 85064_GEAV_DI_Print Ad_P+E.indd 1 7/5/16 3:55 PM Contents Organizing Committee 4 Welcome 5 Sponsors 6 Forum Schedule 7 On-Site Wi Fi Information Pre-Forum Activities 9 Network Name: AIAA Password: PE2017 Plenary Sessions 10 Forum 360 Sessions 11 Conferences i/o: aiaa1.cnf.io Complex Aerospace Systems Exchange 13 www.twitter.com/aiaa Aircraft Electric Propulsion & Power Focus Area 14 www.facebook.com/AIAAfan ITAR Restricted Sessions 16 www.youtube.com/AIAATV Technical Sessions at a Glance 17 www.linkedin.com/companies/aiaa Program Detail 22 www.flickr.com/aiaaevents Rising Leaders in Aerospace 59 www.instagram.com/aiaaerospace Recognition and Lectures 60 livestream.com/AIAAvideo/PropEnergy2017 Networking Events 62 Exposition 63 Photography or the video or audio recording Exhibitors 65 of sessions or exhibits, as well as the unauthorized sale of AIAA-copyrighted General Information 70 material, is prohibited. Author and Session Chair Information 72 Committee Meetings 73 www.aiaa.org Author and Session Chair Index 74 propulsionenergy.aiaa.org Venue Map Back Cover propulsionenergy.aiaa.org 3 #aiaaPropEnergy IntroOrganizing Committee Organizing Committee Energy Storage Technologies Solid Rockets Joe Troutman, ABSL Space Products Barbara Leary, Johns Hopkins University Forum General Chair Applied Physics Laboratory Mike J. -
To Orbit and Back Again: How the Space Shuttle Flew in Space Free Download
TO ORBIT AND BACK AGAIN: HOW THE SPACE SHUTTLE FLEW IN SPACE FREE DOWNLOAD Davide Sivolella | 524 pages | 09 Sep 2013 | Springer-Verlag New York Inc. | 9781461409823 | English | New York, NY, United States To Orbit and Back Again: How the Space Shuttle Flew in Space (Springer… Details of how anomalous events were dealt with on individual missions are also provided, as are the recollections of those who built and flew the Shuttle. He involves here few in photographers on: electoral antitrust exceptionalism; teriparatide and significant experience; concept and matters; and s Futurism. Orbiting skyhooks Skyhook Momentum exchange tether. Soviet X-planes. This passion for astronautics led to bacheklor's and master's degrees in Aerospace Engineering from the Polytechnic of Turin Italy. Archived from the original on 26 June Technical material has been obtained from NASA as well as from other forums and specialists. The Rockwell X National Aero-Space Plane NASPbegun in the s, was an attempt to build a scramjet vehicle capable of operating like an aircraft and achieving orbit like the shuttle. InNASA originally planned to have the Gemini spacecraft land on a runway [18] with a Rogallo wing airfoilrather than an ocean landing under parachutes. Namespaces Article Talk. The spaceplane was also intended to carry cargo, with both upmass and downmass capacity. Search icon An illustration of a magnifying glass. Orbital spaceplanes are more like spacecraft, while sub-orbital spaceplanes are more like fixed-wing aircraft. Our configurations are tall Bodies and genotypes on which to See your new nationality. Space Policy. Details of how anomalous events were dealt with on individual missions are also provided, as are the recollections of those who built and flew the Shuttle. -
Access to Space: the Future of U.S. Space Transportation Systems
Access to Space: The Future of U.S. Space Transportation Systems April 1990 OTA-ISC-415 NTIS order #PB90-253154 Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Access to Space: The Future of U.S. Space Transportation Systems, OTA-ISC-415 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, April 1990). Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 89-600710 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (order form can be found in the back of this report) Foreword The United States today possesses a capable fleet of cargo and crew-carrying launch systems, managed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Defense, and the private sector. Emerging technologies offer the promise, by the turn of the century, of new launch systems that may reduce cost while increasing performance, reliability, and operability. Continued exploration and exploitation of space will depend on a fleet of versatile and reliable launch vehicles. Yet, uncertainty about the nature of U.S. space program goals and the schedule for achieving them, as well as the stubbornly high cost of space transportation, makes choosing among the many space transportation alternatives extremely difficult. Can existing and potential future systems meet the demand for launching payloads in a timely, reliable, and cost-effective manner? What investments should the Government make in future launch systems and when? What new crew-carrying and cargo launchers are needed? Can the Nation afford them? This special report explores these and many other questions. It is the final, summarizing report in a series of products from a broad assessment of space transportation technologies undertaken by OTA for the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. -
9783211838624.Pdf
Martin Tajmar Advanced Space Propulsion Systems Springer-Verlag Wien GmbH Dipl. Ing. Dr. Martin Tajrnar ARC Seibersdorf Research GmBH, Seibersdorf, Austria This book was generously supported by the Austrian Research Centers This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machines or similar means, and storage in data banks. Product Liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for all the information contained in this book. This does also refer to information about drug dosage and application thereof. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. © 2003 Springer-Verlag Wien Originally published by Springer-Verlag Wien New York in 2003 Typesetting: Thomson Press Ltd., Chennai, India Printing: A. Holzhausen Nfg., A-1l40 Wien Printed on acid-free and chlorine-free bleached paper SPIN: 10888345 With 121 (partly coloured) Figures CIP-data applied for ISBN 978-3-211-83862-4 ISBN 978-3-7091-0547-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-0547-4 Contents Introduction .................................................... 1 Propulsion Fundamentals . 3 1.1 History......................................................... 3 1.2 Propulsion Fundamentals .......................................... 7 1.2.1 Tsiolkovski Equation . 8 1.2.2 Delta-V Budget. 9 l.2.3 Single-staging - Multi-staging. .. 12 1.3 Trajectory and Orbits ............................................ -
National Institute of Standards and Technology Conference On
National Institute of Standards and Technology Conference On Reducing the Cost of Space Infrastructure and Operations Part 2: Topical Papers -QC 100 .U56 //5256 1993 Building and Fire Research Laboratory Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899 NIST United States Department of Commerce Ibchnology Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology / NISTIR 5256 National Institute of Standards and Technology Conference On Reducing the Cost of Space Infrastructure and Operations Part 2: Topical Papers William C. Stone, Ed. August 1993 Building and Fire Research Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899 U.S. Department of Commerce Ronald H, Brown, Secretary Technology Administration Mary L. Good, Under Secretary for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology Arati Prabhakar, Director I 1 Abstract A conference was held from November 20-22, 1989 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, Maryland for the purpose of discussing methods for reducing the cost of space infrastructure and operations. This was a multi-disciplinary group that included invited speakers from both within and outside of the traditional aerospace community. Specific comparison was made in the case of habitats and extravehicular activity with commercially successful undersea operations on earth which operate daily under more severe environmental conditions and with operating budgets on the order of 1/1000 that of orbital analogs. Other topical areas included chemical and advanced launch systems and institutional aspects including insurance and differences between top-down control and performance-based development of space infrastructure. The proceedings are published in two separate reports. Part 1, Oral Presentations and Discussion, contains edited transcriptions of the invited lecture presentations and of the discussion which followed each presentation and is available as a separate NISTIR report. -
AFFORDABLE SPACECRAFT: Design and Launch Alternatives
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Documents on Outer Space Law Law, College of 1-1990 AFFORDABLE SPACECRAFT: Design and Launch Alternatives U.S. Congress, Office ofechnology T Assessment Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/spacelawdocs Part of the Air and Space Law Commons U.S. Congress, Office ofechnology T Assessment, "AFFORDABLE SPACECRAFT: Design and Launch Alternatives" (1990). Documents on Outer Space Law. 11. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/spacelawdocs/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law, College of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Documents on Outer Space Law by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. AFFORDABLE SPACECRAFT Design and Launch Alternatives Background Paper • OTA" . (I)• CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Affordable Spacecraft: Design and Launch Alternatives--Background Paper, OTA-BP-ISC-60 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, January 1990). Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 89-600776 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325 (order form can be found in the back of this report) Ii Foreword Several major DOD and NASA programs are seeking ways to reduce the costs of launching spacecraft. However, it typically costs much, much more to build a spacecraft than to launch it into a low orbit. Therefore, unless the costs of building spacecraft are reduced, even dramatic reductions in costs of launching to low orbit would reduce total spacecraft program costs by only a few percent. -
A Low-Cost Launch Assistance System for Orbital Launch Vehicles
Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Aerospace Engineering Volume 2012, Article ID 830536, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/830536 Review Article A Low-Cost Launch Assistance System for Orbital Launch Vehicles Oleg Nizhnik ERATO Maenaka Human-Sensing Fusion Project, 8111, Shosha 2167, Hyogo-ken, Himeji-shi, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Oleg Nizhnik, [email protected] Received 17 February 2012; Revised 6 April 2012; Accepted 16 April 2012 Academic Editor: Kenneth M. Sobel Copyright © 2012 Oleg Nizhnik. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The author reviews the state of art of nonrocket launch assistance systems (LASs) for spaceflight focusing on air launch options. The author proposes an alternative technologically feasible LAS based on a combination of approaches: air launch, high-altitude balloon, and tethered LAS. Proposed LAS can be implemented with the existing off-the-shelf hardware delivering 7 kg to low-earth orbit for the 5200 USD per kg. Proposed design can deliver larger reduction in price and larger orbital payloads with the future advances in the aerostats, ropes, electrical motors, and terrestrial power networks. 1. Introduction point to the progress in the orbital delivery systems for these additional payload classes. Spaceflight is the mature engineering discipline—54 years old as of 2012. But seemingly paradoxically, it still relies solely 2. Overview of Previously Proposed LAS on the hardware and methodology developed in the very beginning of the spaceflight era. Modernly, still heavily-used A lot of proposals have been made to implement nonrocket Soyuz launch vehicle systems (LVSs) are the evolutionary LASandarelistedinTable 1. -
Analysis of Levitational Systems for a Superconducting Launch Ring*
Analysis of Levitational Systems for a Superconducting Launch Ring* John R. Hull,1 James Fiske,2 Ken Ricci,2 and Michael Ricci2 1Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439 USA 2LaunchPoint Technologies LLC, 5735-B Hollister Avenue, Goleta, CA 93317 USA May 2006 The submitted manuscript has been created by the University of Chicago as Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”) under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG- 38 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. For presentation at the 2006 Applied Superconductivity Conference, Seattle, WA, August 27- September 1, 2006. *This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38 and by the U.S. Air Force under Contract no. FA9550-05-C-0111. Analysis of Levitational Systems for a Superconducting Launch Ring John R. Hull Energy Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory James Fiske, Ken Ricci and Michael Ricci LaunchPoint Technologies ABSTRACT The launch ring consists of a maglev system in which a levitated vehicle is accelerated in an evacuated circular tunnel until it reaches a desired velocity and then releases a projectile into a path leading to the atmosphere. This paper analyses several levitational concepts for a system that employs superconductors in the stator and on the vehicle. -
Design Considerations for the Multi-Stage Space Elevator
International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper # 2019-1 Design Considerations for the Multi-stage Space Elevator John M. Knapman Peter Glaskowsky Dan Gleeson Vern Hall Dennis Wright Michael Fitzgerald Peter A. Swan International Space Elevator Consortium ISEC Position Paper 2019-1 Design Considerations for the Multi-stage Space Elevator International Space Elevator Consortium Spring 2019 Authors: John M. Knapman Peter Glaskowsky, Dan Gleeson, Vern Hall, Dennis Wright, Michael Fitzgerald, Peter Swan Design Considerations for the Multi-stage Space Elevator Copyright © 2019 by: John M. Knapman All rights reserved, including the rights to reproduce this manuscript or portions thereof in any form. Published by Lulu.com [email protected] 978-0-359-33232-8 Printed in the United States of America 2 International Space Elevator Consortium 3 International Space Elevator Consortium Preface The International Space Elevator Consortium vision is to have: “A World with inexpensive, safe, routine, and efficient access to space for the benefit of all mankind.” One of the beautiful aspects of working in future engineering concepts and architectures is that you stretch out into the unknown. The challenges that are facing space elevator development are real, and sometimes intimidating. However, the team that has assembled to take on these challenges is quite remarkable. Our chief architect is laying out a preliminary baseline with technological challenges identified with verification and validation testing shown for each major segment. In addition, alternative approaches are presented so that the development team can assess where it should head. Many of these potential approaches are to enable technologies and designs that could lead to earlier development.