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Orchestrating Public Opinion
Paul ChristiansenPaul Orchestrating Public Opinion Paul Christiansen Orchestrating Public Opinion How Music Persuades in Television Political Ads for US Presidential Campaigns, 1952-2016 Orchestrating Public Opinion Orchestrating Public Opinion How Music Persuades in Television Political Ads for US Presidential Campaigns, 1952-2016 Paul Christiansen Amsterdam University Press Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden Lay-out: Crius Group, Hulshout Amsterdam University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. isbn 978 94 6298 188 1 e-isbn 978 90 4853 167 7 doi 10.5117/9789462981881 nur 670 © P. Christiansen / Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2018 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. Every effort has been made to obtain permission to use all copyrighted illustrations reproduced in this book. Nonetheless, whosoever believes to have rights to this material is advised to contact the publisher. Table of Contents Acknowledgments 7 Introduction 10 1. The Age of Innocence: 1952 31 2. Still Liking Ike: 1956 42 3. The New Frontier: 1960 47 4. Daisies for Peace: 1964 56 5. This Time Vote Like Your Whole World Depended On It: 1968 63 6. Nixon Now! 1972 73 7. A Leader, For a Change: 1976 90 8. The Ayatollah Casts a Vote: 1980 95 9. Morning in America: 1984 101 10. -
Orchestrating Public Opinion
Paul ChristiansenPaul Orchestrating Public Opinion Paul Christiansen Orchestrating Public Opinion How Music Persuades in Television Political Ads for US Presidential Campaigns, 1952-2016 Orchestrating Public Opinion Orchestrating Public Opinion How Music Persuades in Television Political Ads for US Presidential Campaigns, 1952-2016 Paul Christiansen Amsterdam University Press Cover design: Coördesign, Leiden Lay-out: Crius Group, Hulshout Amsterdam University Press English-language titles are distributed in the US and Canada by the University of Chicago Press. isbn 978 94 6298 188 1 e-isbn 978 90 4853 167 7 doi 10.5117/9789462981881 nur 670 © P. Christiansen / Amsterdam University Press B.V., Amsterdam 2018 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book. Every effort has been made to obtain permission to use all copyrighted illustrations reproduced in this book. Nonetheless, whosoever believes to have rights to this material is advised to contact the publisher. Table of Contents Acknowledgments 7 Introduction 10 1. The Age of Innocence: 1952 31 2. Still Liking Ike: 1956 42 3. The New Frontier: 1960 47 4. Daisies for Peace: 1964 56 5. This Time Vote Like Your Whole World Depended On It: 1968 63 6. Nixon Now! 1972 73 7. A Leader, For a Change: 1976 90 8. The Ayatollah Casts a Vote: 1980 95 9. Morning in America: 1984 101 10. -
After Citizens United
After Citizens United A Look into the Pro-Corporate Players in American Politics The Supreme Court’s 5-4 ruling in Citizens United v. FEC decided that the First Amendment right of free speech should apply with little distinction to both individuals and corporations. Since Buckley v. Valeo established money as a form of speech, the Court’s decision allows for corporations to donate unrestricted funds from their general treasuries to political organizations, effectively overturning decades of state and federal campaign finance laws. Fearing effects of greater corporate influence in American public life, Justice Stevens in his dissenting opinion warned that corporations can “amass and deploy financial resources on a scale few natural persons can match,” and are not “themselves members of ‘We the People’ by whom and for whom our Constitution was established.” Although corporations now have a constitutional right to contribute money to independent expenditure groups, these groups are not bound to publicly disclose the sources of their funding. Even though the majority opinion in Citizens United actually upheld Congress’s right to enact disclosure laws, claiming that such “transparency enables the electorate to make informed decisions” without “impos[ing] a chill on speech or expression,” 501 (c)4 and (c)6 organizations that do not disclose their financial backers are increasingly engaging in political work. While we do not know who is funding such organizations, we do know that the groups playing a larger role in the 2010 elections are overwhelmingly backing right-wing candidates. According to TIME¸ pro-Republican groups could spend as much as $300 million for the 2010 election. -
Mitt Romney Or Cocoa Puffs: the Role of Political Advertising in the 2012 Republican Presidential Primaries
Mitt Romney or Cocoa Puffs: The Role of Political Advertising in the 2012 Republican Presidential Primaries Kelly Costello Honors Capstone General University Honors Advisor: Professor Andrew Babb, School of Communication Spring 2012 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……3 Mitt Romney or Cocoa Puffs: The Role of Political Advertising in the 2012 Republican Presidential Primaries……………………………………………………………………………..4 Original Campaign Scripts……………………………………………………………………………………….40 Spring 2012 Political Advertising Course Blog………………………………………………………….44 2 ABSTRACT The role of advertising in political campaigns evolves with every race and has the ability to shape the outcome for every candidate. This Capstone examines the history of political advertising in the United States through 2008 and provides an in- depth analysis of the campaign advertisements aired during the 2012 presidential primaries. As of May 2012, all signs point to Mitt Romney as the Republican nominee, but candidates such as Rick Santorum, Newt Gingrich, and Ron Paul have shown strong results in some primaries, and have aired some noteworthy advertisements. This analysis focuses not on every advertisement aired throughout the campaign, but rather, on the most significant, creative and innovative advertisements. It looks at the most controversial ads, well-produced ads, and the differences between ads aired in different states. Further, it considers the impact of negative advertising on candidates as well as the negative ads focused on Romney now as he prepares to face President Obama in the general election in November. There are many wildcards within the process of determining the effect of an ad on a viewer; however, by examining the issues and tone within an ad, it is possible to learn more about a candidate’s strategy and therefore, ability to win an election and the support of the American people. -
Independent Expenditures and Electioneering Communication Expenditures Reported to the Federal Election Commission
March 2013 www.citizen.org October 24, 2012 Super Connected Outside Groups’ Devotion to Individual Candidates and Political Parties Disproves the Supreme Court’s Key Assumption in Citizens United That Unregulated Outside Spenders Would Be ‘Independent’ (UPDATED VERSION OF OCTOBER 2012 REPORT, WITH REVISED DATA AND DISCUSSION OF THE ‘SOFT MONEY’ IMPLICATIONS OF CITIZENS UNITED) Acknowledgments This report was written by Taylor Lincoln, research director of Public Citizen’s Congress Watch division. Congress Watch Legislative Assistant Kelly Ngo assisted with research. Congress Watch Director Lisa Gilbert edited the report. Public Citizen Litigation Group Senior Attorney Scott Nelson provided expert advice. This report draws in part on a May 2012 amicus brief to the Supreme Court that was coauthored by Nelson. About Public Citizen Public Citizen is a national non-profit organization with more than 300,000 members and supporters. We represent consumer interests through lobbying, litigation, administrative advocacy, research, and public education on a broad range of issues including consumer rights in the marketplace, product safety, financial regulation, worker safety, safe and affordable health care, campaign finance reform and government ethics, fair trade, climate change, and corporate and government accountability. Public Citizen’s Congress Watch 215 Pennsylvania Ave. S.E Washington, D.C. 20003 P: 202-546-4996 F: 202-547-7392 http://www.citizen.org © 2013 Public Citizen. Public Citizen Super Connected Methodology and Definitions . This report represents a substantial update of a report published in October 2012, available at http://www.citizen.org/documents/super-connected-candidate-super-pacs-not- independent-report.pdf. Most of the data used in this report was drawn from the Center for Responsive Politics (www.opensecrets.org) or the Sunlight Foundation (http://sunlightfoundation.com). -
2002 SENATE RACES 34 Senate Races 20 Republican
2002 SENATE RACES 34 Senate Races 20 Republican-held Seats --14 Democrat-held Seats 6 Open Seats (NH, NJ NC, SC, TN, TX) – 5 currently Republican-held, 1 Democrat-held Current Senate Breakdown: 50 (D), 49 (R), 1 Independent (Votes With Democrats) PARTY STATE NOW DEMOCRAT REPUBLICAN SEN. JEFF ALABAMA R Susan Parker SESSIONS ALASKA R Frank Vondersaar SEN. TED STEVENS ARKANSAS SEN. TIM R AG Mark Pryor HUTCHINSON COLORADO SEN. WAYNE R Tom Strickland ALLARD DELAWARE D SEN. JOSEPH BIDEN Ray Clatworthy GEORGIA D SEN. MAX CLELAND Rep.Saxby Chambliss IDAHO R Alan Blinken SEN. LARRY CRAIG ILLINOIS SEN. RICHARD D DURBIN Jim Durkin IOWA* D SEN. TOM HARKIN U.S. Rep. Greg Ganske KANSAS R No Democratic Candidate SEN. PAT ROBERTS KENTUCKY SEN. MITCH R Lois Combs Weinberg MCCONNELL LOUISIANA** SEN. MARY D LANDRIEU Three GOP Candidates MAINE SEN. SUSAN R Chellie Pingree COLLINS MASSACHUSETTS No Republican D SEN. JOHN KERRY Candidate MICHIGAN D SEN. CARL LEVIN Andrew Raczkowski MINNESOTA*** SEN. PAUL D WELLSTONE Norm Coleman MISSISSIPPI SEN. THAD R No Democratic Candidate COCHRAN MISSOURI SEN. JEAN D CARNAHAN Jim Talent MONTANA No Republican D SEN. MAX BAUCUS Candidate NEBRASKA SEN. CHUCK R Charles Matulka HAGEL NEW HAMPSHIRE R Gov. Jeanne Shaheen U.S. Rep. John Sununu NEW JERSEY Fmr. Sen. Frank D Lautenberg Douglas Forrester NEW MEXICO SEN. PETE R Gloria Tristani DOMENICI NORTH CAROLINA R Erskine Bowles Elizabeth Dole OKLAHOMA SEN. JAMES R David Walters INHOFE OREGON**** SEN. GORDON R Bill Bradbury SMITH RHODE ISLAND D SEN. JACK REED Bob Tingle SOUTH CAROLINA R Alex Sanders Rep. -
Lacivita, Chris
The Election of 2004 – Collective Memory Project Interviewee: Chris LaCivita Current: President, Advancing Strategies, LLC In 2004: Principal Media Advisor, Swift Boat Veterans for Truth Consultant, National Republican Senatorial Committee (NRSC) Interviewer: Dr. Michael Nelson Fulmer Professor of Political Science, Rhodes College Fellow, SMU Center for Presidential History Disclaimer: This transcription has been prepared according to the strictest practices of the academic and transcription communities and offers our best good-faith effort at reproducing in text our subject's spoken words. In all cases, however, the video of this interview represents the definitive version of the words spoken by interviewees. August 11, 2014 Q: Chris LaCivita, you had almost a quarter century in politics at the state level in Virginia, and in various national functions before 2004. And I wonder, in 2004, what did you bring from those long and varied years of experience that was useful to you in 2004? LACIVITA: Right. Well actually, I have nearly a quarter century now. I went in -- I was -- I guess I was probably in year 13 professionally in politics in 2004. You know, I served in the United States Marine Corps, and fought in the first Gulf War and came home from that experience, and went straight into the profession of politics. And so, in mid-1991, [00:01:00] and had been involved in a lot of different campaigns, managed a US Senate race. One of the top US Senate races in the country in 2000. Chuck Robb versus George Allen. And of course, Allen had won, was the national political director at the National Republican Senatorial Committee in the 2002 election cycle. -
Consider the Source ©2013 Center for Public Integrity 2 Table of Contents
DIGITAL NEWSBOOK The 2012 election was the most expensive and least trans parent presidential campaign of the modern era. This project seeks to “out” shadowy political organizations that have flourished in the wake of the Supreme Court’s Citizens United ruling. As the nation prepares for major state-level elec tions in 2013 and critical midterms in 2014, we provide the narrative behind the flow of money and how professional politicking is influencing a flood of new spending. The Center for Public Integrity SHOW CONTENTS Consider the Source ©2013 Center for Public Integrity 2 Table of Contents PART I: Big bucks flood 2012 PART III: Nonprofits, the election stealth super PACs Introduction 5 Nonprofits outspent super PACs in 2010, trend may continue 51 Top 25 Super PAC donors 6 What the courts said and why Pro-environment group gave we should care 8 grant to conservative nonprofit 57 Stealth spending on the rise PART II: Super PACs crash as 2012 election approaches 61 the parties Drug lobby gave $750,000 to Crossroads political machine pro-Hatch nonprofit in Utah’s U.S. Senate race funded mostly by secret donors 13 63 Finance industry makes up PART IV: Citizens United nearly half of pro-Romney in the states super PAC’s donations 18 Big business prefers GOP over Contribution limits at risk in Democratic super PACs 25 states thanks to Supreme Court 69 Super PAC appeal, give until Wisconsin recall breaks record it ‘feels good’ 31 thanks to outside cash 73 Canadian-owned firm’s mega- Judicial candidates vulnerable donation to super PAC raises -
The Saga of Pennsylvania's “Willie Horton” and the Commutation Of
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law 2-26-2020 The Saga of Pennsylvania’s “Willie Horton” and the Commutation of Life Sentences in the Commonwealth Regina Austin University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons, Law and Society Commons, and the Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons Repository Citation Austin, Regina, "The Saga of Pennsylvania’s “Willie Horton” and the Commutation of Life Sentences in the Commonwealth" (2020). Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law. 2155. https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/faculty_scholarship/2155 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship at Penn Law by an authorized administrator of Penn Law: Legal Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DRAFT--February 26, 2020 Please do not share or circulate without the author’s permission. The Saga of Pennsylvania’s “Willie Horton” and the Commutation of Life Sentences in the Commonwealth Regina Austin* *William A. Schnader Professor of Law; Director, Penn Program on Documentaries & the Law. The author would like to thank Joan Porter, Steve Blackburn, David DiGuglielmo, Ann Swartzman, Joshua Dubler, Douglas Hollis, Yusef Jone, David M. Butts, Andrew Filkowsky, Aa r on McWilliams and the staff of the Pennsylvania State Archives, Rober t Rolle, Raymond Miller, and the participants in the McFadden Project. -
Issue Advocacy Advertising During the 1996 Campaign
ANNENBERG PUBLIC POLICY CENTER UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Issue Advocacy Advertising During the 1996 Campaign By Deborah Beck, Paul Taylor, Jeffrey Stanger and Douglas Rivlin Introduction 3 Audience and Content 7 The Advocacy Groups AFL-CIO 11 Americans for Limited Terms 14 Americans for Tax Reform 16 Child Protection Fund 18 Citizen Action 19 Citizens Flag Alliance 21 Citizens for Reform 22 Citizens for the Republic Education Fund 24 Citizens for a Sound Economy 26 The Coalition: Americans Working for Real Change 28 Coalition for Change 30 Coalition for Our Children’s Future 32 Democratic National Committee (DNC) 34 Arthur S. De Moss Foundation 36 Handgun Control, Inc. 38 Human Rights Campaign 41 League of Conservation Voters 43 National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League (NARAL) 44 National Education Association (NEA) 45 National Rifle Association (NRA) 47 Nuclear Energy Institute 49 Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA) 51 Pro-Choice Public Education Project 53 Republican National Committee (RNC) 55 Sierra Club 58 Teamsters 60 Tobacco Accountability Project (Public Citizen) 62 United Seniors Association 63 United States Catholic Coalition 64 U.S. Chamber of Commerce 65 Women for Tax Reform 66 Copyright Ó1997 Annenberg Public Policy Center All rights reserved About the authors DEBORAH BECK is a master’s degree student at the Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania. She holds a B.A. from Vassar College. PAUL TAYLOR is Director of the Free TV for Straight Talk Coalition. JEFFREY D. STANGER is Associate Director of the Annenberg Public Policy Center, Washington. He holds an M.A. from the Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania. -
Islamophobia Report 2010
Islamophobia and Its Impact in the United States January 2009-December 2010 Same Hate, NewTarget University of California, Berkeley Council on American-Islamic Relations Center for Race & Gender 453 New Jersey Ave., SE, 638 Barrows Hall #1074 Washington, DC 20003 Berkeley, CA 94720 Phone: 202-488-8787 Phone: 510-643-8488, Fax: 510-642-9810 Fax: 202-488-0833 This report is co-sponsored by the University of California, Berkeley’s Center How Can You Help? for Race and Gender and the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR). The Center for Race and Gender is responsible for the special sections on Park 51 and the 2010 election. CAIR is responsible for all other material in the 1. Become a CAIR member report. This report was finalized on Dec. 1, 2010. All information is accurate to or renew your member- the best of our knowledge through that date. ship. Membership is just $30 per year and is open CAIR is America’s largest Muslim civil liberties and advocacy organization. Its to individuals and organi- mission is to enhance the understanding of Islam, encourage dialogue, protect zations. civil liberties, empower American Muslims, and build coalitions that promote 2. Help us serve you. Monthly justice and mutual understanding. automatic donations, even The Center for Race and Gender (CRG) is an interdisciplinary research center $5 a month, help the most. at the University of California Berkeley that fosters explorations of race and Call 202-646-6045 for an gender, and their intersections. CRG cultivates critical and engaged research authorization form or visit: www.cair.com/support and exchange among faculty and students throughout the university, between the university and nearby communities of color, and among scholars in the 3. -
ABSTRACT IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT, SUPER PACS, and the 2012 REPUBLICAN PRIMARIES Nathan Katz, M.A. Department of Sociology Northern
ABSTRACT IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT, SUPER PACS, AND THE 2012 REPUBLICAN PRIMARIES Nathan Katz, M.A. Department of Sociology Northern Illinois University, 2015 Diane M. Rodgers, Director Super Political Action Committees (PACs) are relatively new organizations within American politics that allow individuals to donate unlimited funds to campaign causes. This was particularly noticeable during the 2012 Republican primary, which was one of the most well- funded primaries in American history. One of the ways both candidates and Super PACs spend their money is for the production of campaign ads to develop candidate images. These advertisements contribute to a political impression management that develops candidate performances. I have used the Symbolic Interactionist perspective for this study because the theory states that the images or presentations of individuals are continuously being constructed, reconstructed, and therefore dynamic. One place this can be observed is within the world of televised political ads, where the core political images are regularly changing depending on who is responsible for airing the advertisements as well as when and where the advertisement is aired. By performing an ethnographic content analysis focusing on television advertisements from both candidates and Super PACs, a typology of candidate performances was developed: the true conservative, the working conservative, the saint, the sinner, and the traitor. Through a typology of advertisement performances, future political advertisements, particularly television advertisements, can be further understood by showing how particular types of advertisements contribute to different aspects of a candidate’s impression management. My study expands upon the literature concerning political impression management by including advertising in the era of Super PAC political campaign finance.