Marx/Engels Letters Marx/Engels Letters
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Tugan-Baranowsky and Effective Demand
Science & Society, Vol. 71, No. 2, April 2007, 227-242 Tugan-Baranowsky and Effective Demand JOHN MIUOS and DIMITRIS SOTIROPOULOS ABSTRACT: Tugan-Baranowsky criticized underconsuption cri- sis theories on the hasis of Marx's reproduction schemes in Vol. II of Capital. However, he incorporated in his analysis the "ahsolute immiseration thesis," and claimed that "proportional- ity" between production sectors would exclude any possibility of crisis, despite the supposedly continuous fall in mass consump- tion. This approach allows for a Keynesian interpretation of Marx's theory of expanded reproduction of social capital, accord- ing to which a constantly increasing investment demand may always compensate for the lacking demand for consumer goods. In contrast to Keynesian approaches, the ultimate "cause" of an economic crisis is found to be not "lack of demand" but "lack of surplus value," in the sense that the totality of capitalist contra- dictions renders capital unable to exploit labor at the level of exploitation that is required for sustaining profitability rates. HE UKRAINIAN ECONOMIST Professor Mikhail von Tugan- Baranowsky (1865-1919) is mainly known as a critical expo- Tnent of Marx's theory and method, who first formulated a radical critique of underconsumption theories (Milios, 1994; Milios, et at, 2002) and also laid the foundation of what is nowadays known as the Surplus Approach School (Ramos-Martinez, 2000). In this paper we are going to critically discuss the Keynesian interpretation and use of Tugan-Baranowsky's arguments and theoretical contra- dictions, which aims at turning him into an early formulator of the "effective demand principle" and thus an (immature) exponent of modern (Keynesian) underconsumptionism. -
Friedrich Engels in the Age of Digital Capitalism. Introduction
tripleC 19 (1): 1-14, 2021 http://www.triple-c.at Engels@200: Friedrich Engels in the Age of Digital Capitalism. Introduction. Christian Fuchs University of Westminster, [email protected], http://fuchs.uti.at, @fuchschristian Abstract: This piece is the introduction to the special issue “Engels@200: Friedrich Engels in the Age of Digital Capitalism” that the journal tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique published on the occasion of Friedrich Engels’s 200th birthday on 28 November 2020. The introduction introduces Engels’s life and works and gives an overview of the special issue’s contributions. Keywords: Friedrich Engels, 200th birthday, anniversary, digital capitalism, Karl Marx Date of Publication: 28 November 2020 CC-BY-NC-ND: Creative Commons License, 2021. 2 Christian Fuchs 1. Friedrich Engels’s Life Friedrich Engels was born on 28 November 1820 in Barmen, a city in North Rhine- Westphalia, Germany, that has since 1929 formed a district of the city Wuppertal. In the early 19th century, Barmen was one of the most important manufacturing centres in the German-speaking world. He was the child of Elisabeth Franziska Mauritia Engels (1797-1873) and Friedrich Engels senior (1796-1860). The Engels family was part of the capitalist class and operated a business in the cotton manufacturing industry, which was one of the most important industries. In 1837, Engels senior created a business partnership with Peter Ermen called Ermen & Engels. The company operated cotton mills in Manchester (Great Britain) and Engelskirchen (Germany). Other than Marx, Engels did not attend university because his father wanted him to join the family business so that Engels junior already at the age of 16 started an ap- prenticeship in commerce. -
Marx and History: the Russian Road and the Myth of Historical Determinism
Ciências Sociais Unisinos 57(1):78-86, janeiro/abril 2021 Unisinos - doi: 10.4013/csu.2021.57.1.07 Marx and history: the Russian road and the myth of historical determinism Marx e a história: a via russa e o mito do determinismo histórico Guilherme Nunes Pires1 [email protected] Abstract This paper aims to point out the limits of the historical determinism thesis in Marx’s thought by analyzing his writings on the Russian issue and the possibility of a “Russian road” to socialism. The perspective of historical determinism implies that Marx’s thought is supported by a unilinear view of social evolution, i.e. history is understood as a succes- sion of modes of production and their internal relations inexorably leading to a classless society. We argue that in letters and drafts on the Russian issue, Marx opposes to any attempt associate his thought with a deterministic conception of history. It is pointed out that Marx’s contact with the Russian populists in the 1880s provides textual ele- ments allowing to impose limits on the idea of historical determinism and the unilinear perspective in the historical process. Keywords: Marx. Historical Determinism. Unilinearity. Russian Road. Resumo O objetivo do presente artigo é apontar os limites da tese do determinismo histórico no pensamento de Marx, através da análise dos escritos sobre a questão russa e a possibilidade da “via russa” para o socialismo. A perspectiva do determinismo histórico compreende que o pensamento de Marx estaria amparado por uma visão unilinear da evolução social, ou seja, a história seria compreendida por uma sucessão de modos de produção e suas relações internas que inexoravelmente rumaria a uma sociedade sem classes sociais. -
GERMAN IMMIGRANTS, AFRICAN AMERICANS, and the RECONSTRUCTION of CITIZENSHIP, 1865-1877 DISSERTATION Presented In
NEW CITIZENS: GERMAN IMMIGRANTS, AFRICAN AMERICANS, AND THE RECONSTRUCTION OF CITIZENSHIP, 1865-1877 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Alison Clark Efford, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Doctoral Examination Committee: Professor John L. Brooke, Adviser Approved by Professor Mitchell Snay ____________________________ Adviser Professor Michael L. Benedict Department of History Graduate Program Professor Kevin Boyle ABSTRACT This work explores how German immigrants influenced the reshaping of American citizenship following the Civil War and emancipation. It takes a new approach to old questions: How did African American men achieve citizenship rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments? Why were those rights only inconsistently protected for over a century? German Americans had a distinctive effect on the outcome of Reconstruction because they contributed a significant number of votes to the ruling Republican Party, they remained sensitive to European events, and most of all, they were acutely conscious of their own status as new American citizens. Drawing on the rich yet largely untapped supply of German-language periodicals and correspondence in Missouri, Ohio, and Washington, D.C., I recover the debate over citizenship within the German-American public sphere and evaluate its national ramifications. Partisan, religious, and class differences colored how immigrants approached African American rights. Yet for all the divisions among German Americans, their collective response to the Revolutions of 1848 and the Franco-Prussian War and German unification in 1870 and 1871 left its mark on the opportunities and disappointments of Reconstruction. -
Anti-Duhring
Friedrich Engels Herr Eugen Dühring’s Revolution in Science Written: September 1876 - June 1878; Published: in Vorwärts, Jan 3 1877-July 7 1878; Published: as a book, Leipzig 1878; Translated: by Emile Burns from 1894 edition; Source: Frederick Engels, Anti-Dühring. Herr Eugen Dühring’s Revolution in Science, Progress Publishers, 1947; Transcribed: [email protected], August 1996; Proofed and corrected: Mark Harris 2010. Formerly known as Herr Eugen Dühring's Revolution in Science, Engels’ Anti-Dühring is a popular and enduring work which, as Engels wrote to Marx, was an attempt “to produce an encyclopaedic survey of our conception of the philosophical, natural-science and historical problems.” Marx and Engels first became aware of Professor Dühring with his December 1867 review of Capital, published in Ergänzungsblätter. They exchanged a series of letters about him from January-March 1868. He was largely forgotten until the mid-1870s, at which time Dühring entered Germany's political foreground. German Social-Democrats were influenced by both his Kritische Geschichte der Nationalökonomie und des Sozialismus and Cursus der Philosophie als streng wissenschaftlicher Weltanschauung und Lebensgestaltung. Among his readers were included Johann Most, Friedrich Wilhelm Fritzsche, Eduard Bernstein – and even August Bebel for a brief period. In March 1874, the Social-Democratic Workers’ Party paper Volksstaat ran an anonymous article (actually penned by Bebel) favorably reviewing one of Dühring's books. On both February 1 and April 21, 1875, Liebknecht encouraged Engels to take Dühring head-on in the pages of the Volksstaat. In February 1876, Engels fired an opening salvo with his Volksstaat article “Prussian Vodka in the German Reichstag”. -
Hörmann, Raphael (2007) Authoring the Revolution, 1819- 1848/49: Radical German and English Literature and the Shift from Political to Social Revolution
Hörmann, Raphael (2007) Authoring the revolution, 1819- 1848/49: radical German and English literature and the shift from political to social revolution. PhD thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1774/ Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Glasgow Theses Service http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] University of Glasgow Faculty of Arts PhD-Thesis in Comparative Literature Authoring the Revolution, 1819-1848/49: Radical German and English Literature and the Shift from Political to Social Revolution Submitted by Raphael HoUrmann @ Raphael H6nnann 2007 Acknowledgments I like to thank the various people and agenciesthat have provided vital help during various stages of this research project. First of all, I am greatly thankful to my supervisors, Professor Mark Ward and Dr. Laura Martin. Laura's pragmatic and practical advice and assistanceproved very helpful for overcomingall major obstacles in the course of my PhD studies at the University of Glasgow. Mark has not only been a tireless proof-reader at various stagesof the thesis, but his great enthusiasm with which he supported my project has been a continuous source of inspiration and encouragement throughout the writing and revising process. -
The Communist Manifesto the Communist Manifesto
NON- FICTION UNABRIDGED Karl Marx and FriedrichFriedrich EngelsEngels The Communist Manifesto Read by Charles Armstrong with Roy McMillan NA0032 The Communist Manifesto booklet.indd 1 24/11/2010 15:35 CD 1 1 Manifesto of The Communist Party by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels 5:17 2 Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie... 5:25 3 The bourgeoisie, by the rapid improvement… 5:50 4 The weapons with which the bourgeoisie felled… 5:35 5 But with the development of industry… 5:30 6 The ‘dangerous class,’ the social scum… 4:58 7 2. Proletarians and Communists 4:55 8 Let us now take wage-labour. 5:30 9 The selfish misconception that induces you to transform... 5:00 10 In proportion as the exploitation of one individual... 4:01 11 Of course, in the beginning, this cannot be effected... 3:21 12 3. Socialist and Communist Literature 3:54 13 Petty-Bourgeois Socialism 3:22 14 German, or ‘True’, Socialism 5:10 15 To preserve this class… 4:53 Total time on CD 1: 72:53 2 NA0032 The Communist Manifesto booklet.indd 2 24/11/2010 15:35 CD 2 1 Critical-Utopian Socialism and Communism 3:25 2 Hence, they reject all political… 3:27 3 4. Position of The Communists In Relation… 3:25 4 Selections From The Writings of Karl Marx (1818–83) 4:34 5 Do I obey economic laws…? 5:08 6 A house may be large or small… 4:12 7 The wealth of those societies… 4:19 8 In every stockjobbing swindle… 3:56 9 Selections From The Writings of Friedrich Engels (1820–95) 4:23 10 The materialist conception of history.. -
A Brief History of Socialism in America.† [Published January 1900]
A Brief History of Socialism in America [Jan. 1900] 1 A Brief History of Socialism in America.† [Published January 1900] Published in Social Democracy Red Book (Terre Haute, IN: Debs Publishing Co., 1900), pp. 1-75. Introduction. ignated as that in which the gestation of Socialism, as native to American soil, was going on. It began with The history of Socialism in America, using the the appearance of Gronlund’s book, The Cooperative word socialism to embrace the various steps by which Commonwealth, which was soon followed by Bellamy’s enemies of the present social system have sought to Looking Backward. work toward a final deliverance, seems to divide itself 7. From 1897 down to the present time. The into seven quite clearly defined periods, as follows: period in which American Socialism having “chipped 1. The earliest period, embraced between the the shell” first asserts itself as a force in American poli- years 1776 and 1824, when the communistic ventures tics through the formation of the Social Democracy of the Shakers, Rappites, and Zoarites had the entire of America, the Socialist Labor Party, by its trans- field to themselves. planted methods, having failed to reach the American 2. From 1825 to 1828, when Robert Owen made ear. Two factors which helped prepare the field for the America the theater of his attempts to put his Utopian new party were the agitation work of Eugene V. Debs dreams into practice, by communistic experiments. and the proselyting powers of Editor J.A. Wayland, 3. From 1841 to 1847, the period when Four- successively of The Coming Nation and The Appeal to ierism swept over the country as a craze, leading to the Reason. -
Karl Marx: His Influence from and on Australia 53
the rise and fall of australian socialism about the book This book deals principally with socialism and how it affected, and was affected by, Australia. There are differences between the rise and fall of Australian socialism and that of other countries, but there are also similarities. Australia is chosen because it is here that socialism first found a strong grassroots following and where socialism was first practised, well before the Russian, Italian and German disasters. australian Join us on a journey through the theories and ideas of various philosophers and economists. Explore how these ideas affected socialism Australia over time and see how the socialist economy and state developed in Australia (a microcosm for the rest of the world), and how and why it ultimately collapsed. about the author by Joshua (Timothy) Smith holds a Bachelor of Economics degree from the University of New Joshua Smith England and is currently completing a Master of Business in International Marketing at the University of Technology, Sydney. Starting in sales at 17, to earn money to go to university, Joshua has been in sales all his life, mostly in the IT industry. He is Joshua Smith currently co-owner of an international software company with offices in Australia, USA and UK, and distributors in UK, USA and Germany. Joshua has been married for 35 years and has three children. His interests include doing up 1870’s houses in Balmain, Sydney, researching political propaganda, especially wartime propaganda, and travel. ISBN 0-9775586-0-6 THE RISE AND FALL OF AUSTRALIAN SOCIALISM Joshua Smith Copyright© Joshua Smith 2006 Sydney AUSTRALIA All rights reserved. -
Georg Weerth Papers from RGASPI Nd
Georg Weerth Papers from RGASPI n.d. International Institute of Social History Cruquiusweg 31 1019 AT Amsterdam The Netherlands hdl:10622/ARCH01681 © IISH Amsterdam 2021 Georg Weerth Papers from RGASPI n.d. Table of contents Georg Weerth Papers from RGASPI............................................................................................... 3 Context............................................................................................................................................... 3 Content and Structure........................................................................................................................3 Access and Use.................................................................................................................................4 Allied Materials...................................................................................................................................4 International Institute of Social History 2 Georg Weerth Papers from RGASPI n.d. Georg Weerth Papers from RGASPI Collection ID ARCH01681 Creator Weerth, Georg Period n.d. Extent 2 microfilms Language list Language of Material German Context Biographical Note Born in Detmold, Lippe 1822, died in Havana 1856; commercial employee, poet, communist writer; frequented literary circles in Barmen, Cologne and Bonn 1838-1843, met Hermann Püttmann and Gottfried Kinkel; lived in Bradford, England 1843-1846, got in touch with Friedrich Engels and familiar with the Chartist movement; from 1844 onwards his lyrics and prose -
Michael Pearson, the Sealed Train
Michael Pearson, The Sealed Train The Sealed Train There is little doubt that his decision for the immediate leap into the second stage of revolution was made after leaving Switzerland ● Foreword and before arriving in Russia. ● Chapter 1 ● Chapter 2 ● Chapter 3 ● Arrange for train ● Get on train The ● Into Germany SEALED TRAIN ● Berlin big idea ● Chapter 8 ● Chapter 9 ● Chapter 10 Michael Pearson ● Chapter 11 ● Chapter 12 ● Chapter 13 ● Chapter 14 ● Chapter 15 ● Chapter 16 ● Chapter 17 Pearson, Michael ● Afterword The sealed train New York : Putnam, [1975] ISBN 0399112626 Lenin : The Compulsive Revolutionary ● German contact ● Lenin Realizes His Power ● The Sealed Car and the idea of Leninism ● Accusation Treason ● Armed Uprising http://www.yamaguchy.netfirms.com/pearson/oktszocforr.html29.10.2005 19:24:19 Pearson, Sealed Train, Foreword Michael Pearson : The Sealed Train New York : Putnam, 1975, 320 p. ISBN : 0399112626 Foreword IN MARCH, 1917, Lenin was living in Zurich in poverty, the exiled head of a small extremist revolutionary party that had relatively little following even within Russia. Eight months later, he assumed the rule of 160,000,000 people occupying one-sixth of the inhabited surface of the world. The Sealed Train is the story of those thirty-four fantastic weeks. The train itself and the bizarre journey across Germany, then at war with Russia, are a vital and dramatic link in the story. For without the train, Lenin could not have reached St. Petersburg when he did, and if Lenin had not returned to Russia, the history of the world would have been very different. For not one of his comrades had the sense of timing, the strength of will, the mental agility, the subtle understanding of the ever-changing mood of the people and the sheer intellectual power of Lenin. -
Libertarian Party at Sea on Land
Libertarian Party at Sea on Land To Mom who taught me the Golden Rule and Henry George 121 years ahead of his time and still counting Libertarian Party at Sea on Land Author: Harold Kyriazi Book ISBN: 978-1-952489-02-0 First Published 2000 Robert Schalkenbach Foundation Official Publishers of the works of Henry George The Robert Schalkenbach Foundation (RSF) is a private operating foundation, founded in 1925, to promote public awareness of the social philosophy and economic reforms advocated by famed 19th century thinker and activist, Henry George. Today, RSF remains true to its founding doctrine, and through efforts focused on education, communities, outreach, and publishing, works to create a world in which all people are afforded the basic necessities of life and the natural world is protected for generations to come. ROBERT SCHALKENBACH FOUND ATION Robert Schalkenbach Foundation [email protected] www.schalkenbach.org Libertarian Party at Sea on Land By Harold Kyriazi ROBERT SCHALKENBACH FOUNDATION New York City 2020 Acknowledgments Dan Sullivan, my longtime fellow Pittsburgher and geo-libertarian, not only introduced me to this subject about seven years ago, but has been a wonderful teacher and tireless consultant over the years since then. I’m deeply indebted to him, and appreciative of his steadfast efforts to enlighten his fellow libertarians here in Pittsburgh and elsewhere. Robin Robertson, a fellow geo-libertarian whom I met at the 1999 Council of Georgist Organizations Conference, gave me detailed constructive criticism on an early draft, brought Ayn Rand’s essay on the broadcast spectrum to my attention, helped conceive the cover illustration, and helped in other ways too numerous to mention.