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VAGUS NERVE (GANLION DISTALE NERVI VAGI) 480 Ultramicrotome and Stained with Buffered 1% Toluidine Blue

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VAGUS NERVE (GANLION DISTALE NERVI VAGI) 480 Ultramicrotome and Stained with Buffered 1% Toluidine Blue Abstracts THE INFLUENCE OF COWS’ NUTRITION DURING extraction, some of the teeth were treated with small charges of electric PREGNANCY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DISTAL current. Hemithin sections were taken with the use of a Tesla BS VAGUS NERVE (GANLION DISTALE NERVI VAGI) 480 ultramicrotome and stained with buffered 1% toluidine blue. Ultra IN NEWBORN CALVES thin sections were cut with an MTI ultramicrotome and contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. They were investigated and photographed 1 2 2 Adamski M , Pospieszny N , Kuropka P using a JEOL electron microscope. 1Institute of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Biology and Animal Breeding, In the electron microscopic pictures of the lateral surfaces of the cells (be- University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland tween the odontoblasts, odontoblasts and nerve fibres, odontoblasts — leu- 2Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, cocytes as well as in the blood vessel walls), the junctions are visible as short University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland callosities of plasmolemma. Such junctions between the cells enable a so- called junctional transfer — a free flow of ions, so they act as electric syn- In the literature available, there is a lack of morphological-breeding apses. The junctional complex is formed by gap junctions, desmosomes works concerning the influence of nutrition of pregnant cows on the and tight junctions. Hemidesmosomes were also present. Belt desmosomes development of distal ganglion of the vagus nerve. Animals are fed with provide strong bonds between the cells. Small spot desmosomes are also fodders of known qualitative-quantitative composition. The data of present between the odontoblasts. Tight junctions do not completely en- chemical and mineral-vitamin content of the fodder are given in the circle the cells because of the presence of small openings, for instance in the ingredients list. interodontoblastic spaces. This research was conducted on 12 newborn calves of h-f breed. The calves The pictures of intercellular junctions were very distinct in the teeth treat- had not taken the food from their mother, so there were no qualitative or ed with small charges of electric current. quantitative changes of nurture. The animals were kept in the same hus- bandry conditions (nourishment, boxes, veterinary care). Both distal gan- glions of the vagus nerve were morphologically assessed for their compo- nents and derivatives such as: laryngeal cranial nerve (n. laryngeus crania- THE INFLUENCE OF LONG-TERM THERAPY OF lis) the path of the heart aorta nerve (n. depressor cordis) exit. Both gangli- HYDROCORTISONE, CALCIUM AND BOVINE WHEY ons were subject to morphometry, skeletopy, holotopy and syntopy that ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE FEMUR OF RATS was of significance while determining the symmetry and asymmetry. The Anasiewicz A1, Golan J1, Czabak-Garbacz R2, Bogacz A3, Wróblewska K4, analyzed ganglions were also subject to X-ray microanalysis using a LEO Anasiewicz M4, Korzan J4, Korzan M4, Jagnicki J4 V435 microscope. Surface analysis of the whole of the ganglions and point 1 analysis of single nerve insets were conducted. The material was dusted Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, with gold and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) LEO Poland 2 V435 with accelerating voltage of 20,000 eV. Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, The analyzed distal left ganglions of the vagus nerve were morphometri- Lublin, Poland 3 cally bigger than on the right side of the preparations. Their mean value Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University on the left side was 4.5 mm, while on the right side it was 3.1 mm. In of Lublin, Lublin, Poland 4 standardized fodder (nutritional standards) elements like sodium, mag- Student of Scientific Association, Department of Human Anatomy, nesium, zinc, selenium, cobalt, calcium, copper and the whole range of Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland vitamins (A, E, D3, K3, B1, B2, B6, B12, nicotinic and folic acid) were The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of long-term therapy also found. As a result of the conducted qualitative analysis of ganglions of hydrocortisone on the structure of femur through simultaneous admin- using the histological methods mentioned above, it was demonstrated istration of bovine whey. that the characteristic for the left ganglion is a higher level of nerve fibre The research material consisted of eight groups of female Wistar strain organization. The fibres are tightly bound creating bunches running to- rats, 200–220 g body weight (on the first day of the experiment): wards the circumference and towards the spinal cord. They are surround- 1. untreated control; ed by collagen fibres forming the perineurium. X-ray analysis showed an 2. treated control, physiological saline i.p. 0.5 ml/kg b.w. every day; irregular distribution and the occurrence of chemical elements in the 3. hydrocortisone (Hydrocortisonum hemisuccinatum, Polfa, Poland), developing ganglion area. Among trace elements, there were alumini- i.p. 22.5 mg/kg b.w. 2 × day; um, silicon and molybdenum. However, in point analysis, a significantly 4. 10% solution of calcium i.p., 15.0 mg/kg b.w. 2 × day and 200 j.m. vit. A higher concentration of silicon was noted. with 100 j.m. vit. D3 (Vitaminum A + D3, Terpol, Poland), every day; This is one of the very first attempts of proving the influence of the moth- 5. hydrocortisone, calcium, vit. A + D3 identical dose and means of ad- er’s nutrition during pregnancy on the developing embryo and then the ministration; foetus. 6. bovine whey, by gavage 0.25 mg/kg b.w. 2 × day; 7. hydrocortisone and bovine whey, identical dose, means and time of ad- ministration; 8. Vitaminum A + D3, identical dose, means and time of administration. THE INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS IN DENTAL PULP The rats were euthanized on the 56th day of the experiment. The femur Alwas-Danowska HM, Danowska-Klonowska D were taken out for histological studies and mechanical strength examina- tions. The strength properties of the femur were determined using an In- Department of General Dentistry, Department of Histology stron 4 302 machine. The femur in the horizontal position was supported and Embryology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland in two points and was loaded in the centre until the moment of fracture. Recognition of the structures conducting the impulses from the enamel is On the basis of these histological studies of the structure of the femur, it a very important problem because it enables a better understanding of many was observed that the administered hydrocortisone caused considerable physiological processes. damage. The mechanical strength of the femur was observed to have been Teeth (extracted with the use of local anaesthesia) were cut and their pulp made considerably weaker by the administered hydrocortisone. The de- was fixed in 2% glutardialdehyde in a cacodylate buffer and then in structive effect of hydrocortisone can be considerably reduced by simulta- 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated and embedded in EPON 812. Just after neous administration of calcium with vit. A + D3 or bovine whey. 209 Folia Morphol., 2007, Vol. 66, No. 3 EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF LEAD ACETATE EXPRESSION OF NEURONAL NOS IN INTRAPANCREATIC AND BOVINE WHEY ON THE MANDIBULA STRUCTURE GANGLIA OF SHEEP OF YOUNG FEMALE RATS Arciszewski MB 1 2 2 3 Anasiewicz A , Szyszkowska A , Wysokińska-Miszczuk J , Święs Z , Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Agricultural University 4 2 5 5 5 Klatka M , Koliński P , Buczarska B , Szkutnik M , Miszczuk S of Lublin, Lublin, Poland 1Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Since the physiology of pancreas of ruminants differs substantially from Poland that of monogastric animals, it is of interest to explain whether this 2Department of Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland phenomenon has any neuroanatomical background. In numerous 3Department of Hygiene, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland mammals, nitric oxide (NO) influences the activity of the exocrine 4Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Neurology, Medical and endocrine pancreas. In the present study, immunocytochemistry University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland was applied to investigate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide syn- 5Student of Scientific Association of Department of Human Anatomy, thase (nNOS) in intrapancreatic ganglia of sheep. Mouse antibodies Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland against HuC/D were used as pan-neuronal markers and mixed with The aim of this experiment was to investigate the influence of lead acetate solution rabbit antisera raised against nNOS. Immunolabeled sections were and the influence of bovine whey on the structure of the mandibula of young examined under a spinning disk confocal microscope. The frequency female Wistar rats (130–140 g body weight on the first day of the experiment). of nNOS-immunoreactive (IR) intrapancreatic neurons was present- The solution of lead acetate was administered by gavage daily to rats in ed as a percentage relative to the total number of Hu-positive neurons dose 1/100 LD50 per 1 kg of body weight. The bovine whey was adminis- analyzed. Based on its size, Hu/nNOS-IR intrapancreatic neurons were tered by gavage daily in dose 0.25 mg per 1 kg of body weight. The treated categorized as small (length up to 25 µm), medium (25–50 µm) or control groups were given water to drink by gavage once per day in dose large (above 50 µm). 0.25 ml per 1 kg of body weight. One group of rats received the solution of Among Hu-IR intrapancreatic neurons only 9.6 ± 1.3% (n = 5) were lead acetate and the bovine whey in identical doses once per day. The last found to express nNOS whereas the significantly greater subpopulation group of rats was an untreated control group. constituted of perikarya lacking nNOS (90.4 ± 1.3%; n = 5, p < 0.05, The rats were euthanized on day 60th of experiment.
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