Who Are the Uyghurs? Understanding China’S Silk Road Today
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Who are the Uyghurs? Understanding China’s Silk Road Today Global Classroom Workshops made possible by: THE Photos by Tese Wintz Neighbor NORCLIFFE FOUNDATION A Resource Packet for Educators RESOURCES COMPILED BY: And World MARYANNA BROWN & NICOLE GLASGOW Affairs Council TESE WINTZ NEIGHBOR Members WORLD AFFAIRS COUNCIL May 12, 2010 USING THIS RESOURCE GUIDE ...........................................................................................1 GENERAL AND INTRODUCTORY RESOURCES ON XINJIANG .......................................................4 MEET THE UIGHURS ........................................................................................................9 JONATHAN LIPMAN ON ETHNIC TENSION IN CHINA ........................................................... 10 THE URUMQI RIOTS OF JULY 2009 ................................................................................ 16 THE CHINESE PERSPECTIVE .......................................................................................... 19 TERRORISM AND SEPARATIST MOVEMENTS .................................................................... 21 HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND DISCRIMINATION AGAINST THE UYGHURS ............................... 24 OTHER ISSUES FACING XINJIANG TODAY ............................................................................29 RESOURCES ON XINJIANG CULTURE & ARTS ....................................................................... 32 NGOS WORKING IN XINJIANG .......................................................................................... 34 CURRICULUM MATERIALS ...............................................................................................38 BOOKS .................................................................................................................... 42 BLOGS ....................................................................................................................46 ISLAM IN CHINA ............................................................................................................ 47 GENERAL AND INTRODUCTORY RESOURCES .................................................................... 47 MUSLIMS IN CHINA TODAY .......................................................................................... 50 THE SILK ROAD ......................................................................................................... 58 ARTICLE : ISLAM IN CHINA ............................................................................................60 SILK ROAD MAPS ......................................................................................................64 SILK ROAD FOUNDATION SILK ROAD TIMELINE ................................................................ 65 SILK ROAD OVERVIEW ................................................................................................69 THE NEW SILK ROAD .................................................................................................. 70 SILK ROAD CURRICULUM MATERIALS ............................................................................. 71 SILK ROAD BOOKS FOR ADULTS ................................................................................... 74 SILK ROAD BOOKS FOR CHILDREN ................................................................................. 76 USING THIS RESOURCE GUIDE Please note: many description were excerpted directly from the websites Packet published: 05/08/2010; Websites checked: 05/05/2010 Lesson Plans/ Educational Resources Educational Games Charts and Graphs Recommended Resources Audio Photo Slideshows Video Chinese Source Science and Technology Maps World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet – Xinjiang 1 XINJIANG UYGHUR AUTONOMOUS REGION Available for educational use at www.johomaps.com (2007) World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet – Xinjiang 2 XINJIANG FACT SHEET Official Name: Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Capital: Urumqi Official Language: Mandarin Other Languages Spoken: Uyghur, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Tajik and Mongol Currency: Renminbi (RMB); literally “People’s Currency” Area: 1,600,000 square kilometers; about the size of Iran Founded: 1955 Total Population: 21 million (2007) Natural Population Growth Rate: 10.8 per thousand (2003) ___________________________________________________________________________________ Ethnic Groups: Uyghur (45%), Han (41%), Kazak (7%), Hui (5%), Kyrgyz (0.9%), Mongol (0.8%), Dongxiang (0.3 %), Pamiris (East Iranian language variations, Tajik - 0.2%), Xibe (0.2%) Life Expectancy at Birth: 71 years; in 1949 it was only 31 years Total Fertility Rate: 16.0 per thousand (2003) Morality Rate: 5.2 per thousand (2003) ___________________________________________________________________________________ GDP (Purchasing Power Parity): 301.9 billion GDP Per Capita: RMB 14871 (US$1894) GDP Composition: Agriculture 17.6%, Industry 47.7%, Services 34.7% Per Capita Disposable Income of Urban Residents: RMB 9120 (US$1162) Per Capita Annual Net Income of Rural Residents: RMB 2737 (US$349) Urban Unemployment Rate: 3.7% (2008) ___________________________________________________________________________________ Industries: Raw and refined oil, iron and steel, metallurgy, machinery, chemicals, and power generation Services: Telecommunications, tourism Exports: Tomato jam, casings, cotton yarn, shoes and TV sets Major Export Markets: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Azerbaijan and Russia Imports: Rolled steel, crude oil, oil products and fertilizers Agriculture Products: Yili apples, Korla pears, seedless white grapes, Hami melons, cotton, lavender, hops, sugar beets, sheep farming, fine-wool production, milk Table Compiled From: http://www.xinjiang.gov.cn/10018/index.htm , http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2009- 07/07/content_11668365.htm , http://www.talktalk.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0005394.html World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet – Xinjiang 3 GENERAL AND INTRODUCTORY RESOURCES ON XINJIANG XINJIANG/ UYGHURS RESOURCES – CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA: VIRTUAL ACADEMY http://www.cecc.gov/pages/virtualAcad/uighur/index.php The Congressional-Executive Commission on China was created by Congress in October 2000 with the legislative mandate to monitor human rights and the development of the rule of law in China, and to submit an annual report to the President and the Congress. The Commission consists of nine Senators, nine Members of the House of Representatives, and five senior Administration officials appointed by the President. The current Chairman is Senator Byron L. Dorgan (D-ND) and the Cochairman is Representative Sander M. Levin (D-MI). TRUE XINJIANG http://www.truexinjiang.com/ TrueXinjiang.com is maintained by dedicated editors and correspondents of the Global Times website (www.globaltimes.cn). Approaching a true Xinjiang - the site is the largest portal on Xinjiang in English language and aims to present everyone a true picture of this autonomous region in Northwest China. Through this portal, aspects of Xinjiang rarely known to the outside world have a chance to highlight their charms. It covers culture, religion, travel and latest developments in Xinjiang with voices from both authorities and individuals. Features like "Xinjiang in my eyes" and "Xinjiang, my hometown"are designed to reflect Xinjiang’s local life. You are also welcome to join Xinjiang-related issues on the forum. REGIONS AND TERRITORIES: XINJIANG PROFILE – BBC NEWS 11.03.09 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/country_profiles/8152132.stm Full profiles provide an instant guide to history, politics and economic background of countries and territories, and background on key institutions. They also include audio and video clips from BBC archives. URUMQI: CHINA’S ECONOMIC HUB IN CENTRAL ASIA - EURASIANET http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav071307.shtml EurasiaNet provides information and analysis about political, economic, environmental and social developments in the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as in Russia, the Middle East, and Southwest Asia. Based in New York, EurasiaNet advocates open and informed discussion of issues that concern countries in the region. The web site presents a variety of perspectives on contemporary developments, utilizing a network of correspondents based both in the West and in the region. The aim of EurasiaNet is to promote informed decision making among policy makers, as well as broadening interest in the region among the general public. EurasiaNet is operated by the Central Eurasia Project of the Open Society Institute. WHITE PAPER ON DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS IN XINJIANG – CHINA HUMAN RIGHTS http://www.chinahumanrights.org/Messages/China/t20090922_494890.htm The Information Office of the State Council, or China's cabinet, published a white paper on the development and progress in Xinjiang on September 21, 2009. World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet – Xinjiang 4 GENERAL AND INTRODUCTORY RESOURCES ON XINJIANG CHINA’S WILD WEST – CURRENT MEDIA 08.20.2008 http://current.com/items/89221794_chinas-wild-west.htm Current Media is an award-winning multiplatform company dedicated to the in-depth investigation and exploration of the world's most important, interesting, and entertaining stories. With a fully integrated broadcast and online platform, Current connects its audience with what's going on in their world through its unique blend of original productions and viewer created media. In this Vanguard report, Laura Ling travels to the wild-west frontier in China's Gobi