Sweetshade Tree

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Hymenosporum flavum- Sweetshade Tree Sweetshade or Hymenosporum flavum is a member of the family Pittosporaceae. This family consists of 8 or 9 woody genera of trees, shrubs or vines from Old World (Australia, Southeast Asia and Southern Africa) tropical and temperate areas but has its greatest diversity in Australia. Family members have resinous stems, simple, rather linear, evergreen leaves and blue, white or yellow flowers with 5 sepals, 5 petals and 5 stamens. Sweetshade has many charac- teristics typical of its family. It is a native of eastern Australia and thus thrives in the Mediterranean climate of Southern California. Sweetshade trees have a distinctive shape in that they are tall (reaching 20 to 40 ft) and slender due to their short and widely spaced lateral branches. They are green all year round with glossy, firm to leathery leaves. Sweetshade trees are spectacular in bloom which lasts for many weeks from spring to early summer. The flowers are clustered and open a creamy off-white color but turn orangey, yellow with age. The most pleasant aspect of the flowers is their strong sweet scent that “perfumes” their immediate environment. These trees tolerate full sun to partial shade but need well drained soil and protection from wind. You can view this species in the median of Victoria Avenue between Washing- ton and Hill streets. Another close relative of Sweetshade, also in the Pit- tosporaceae, is Pittosporum tobira or Mock Orange. It is commonly planted on public parkways in Riverside and is origi- nally from subtropical coastal forests of China, Japan and Korea, but is commonly used as dense hedges in the South- ern California landscape. The flowers are also clustered, cream colored and very fragrant. The leaves are thick, glossy and dark green with recurved margins. A variegated variety is very common. It has leaves with gray-green centers and white margins. .

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Pittosporum Angustifolium
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Southern Queensland ePrints University of Southern Queensland An investigation of the ecology and bioactive compounds of Pittosporum angustifolium endophytes A Thesis Submitted by Michael Thompson Bachelor of Science USQ For the Award of Honours in Science 2014 Abstract Endophytes are microorganisms that reside in the internal tissue of living plants without causing any apparent negative effects to the host. Endophytes are known to produce bioactive compounds and are looked upon as a promising source of novel bioactive compounds. There is currently limited knowledge of Australian endophytes regarding the species diversity, ecological roles and their potential as producers of antimicrobial compounds. The plant Pittosporum angustifolium was used medicinally by Indigenous Australians to treat a variety of conditions such as eczema, coughs and colds. In this study the diversity of endophytic species, host-preference of endophytes and antimicrobial potential of the resident endophytes is investigated in P. angustifolium. During this study a total of 54 endophytes were cultured from leaf samples of seven different P. angustifolium plants. Using molecular identification methods, the ITS-rDNA and SSU-rDNA regions of fungal and bacterial endophytes respectively were sequenced and matched to species recorded in GenBank. This approach, however, could not identify all isolates to the species level. Analysing the presence/absence of identified isolates in each of the seven trees found no evidence to indicate any host-specific relationships. Screening of each isolated endophyte against four human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans) found two species displaying antimicrobial activity.
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Illustration Sources
APPENDIX ONE ILLUSTRATION SOURCES REF. CODE ABR Abrams, L. 1923–1960. Illustrated flora of the Pacific states. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. ADD Addisonia. 1916–1964. New York Botanical Garden, New York. Reprinted with permission from Addisonia, vol. 18, plate 579, Copyright © 1933, The New York Botanical Garden. ANDAnderson, E. and Woodson, R.E. 1935. The species of Tradescantia indigenous to the United States. Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Reprinted with permission of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. ANN Hollingworth A. 2005. Original illustrations. Published herein by the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Fort Worth. Artist: Anne Hollingworth. ANO Anonymous. 1821. Medical botany. E. Cox and Sons, London. ARM Annual Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1889–1912. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. BA1 Bailey, L.H. 1914–1917. The standard cyclopedia of horticulture. The Macmillan Company, New York. BA2 Bailey, L.H. and Bailey, E.Z. 1976. Hortus third: A concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Revised and expanded by the staff of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. Cornell University. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York. Reprinted with permission from William Crepet and the L.H. Bailey Hortorium. Cornell University. BA3 Bailey, L.H. 1900–1902. Cyclopedia of American horticulture. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York. BB2 Britton, N.L. and Brown, A. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British posses- sions. Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York. BEA Beal, E.O. and Thieret, J.W. 1986. Aquatic and wetland plants of Kentucky. Kentucky Nature Preserves Commission, Frankfort. Reprinted with permission of Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission.
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