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Kependudukan Sarawak Maklumat Lanjut DOSM/DOSM.SARAWAK/1.2020/SIRI 87 KEPENDUDUKAN SARAWAK JUMLAH PENDUDUK & KADAR PURATA PERTUMBUHAN TAHUNAN Sarawak mencatatkan anggaran jumlah penduduk seramai 2.9 juta dengan kadar pertumbuhan 2.0% pada tahun 2019. Daerah Kuching merupakan daerah yang mempunyai bilangan penduduk tertinggi iaitu 702.7 ribu, mewakili 24% daripada jumlah penduduk Sarawak diikuti oleh Miri dengan 352.3 ribu (12%) dan Sibu seramai 284.6 ribu penduduk (10%). Baki 28 daerah, masing- masing mencatatkan jumlah peratusan penduduk di bawah 10%. Penduduk dan Kadar Pertumbuhan Sarawak 1970 - 2019 2,868,600 2,399,839 2,009,893 1,642,771 1,235,553 976,269 … 2.4% 2.6% 2.2% 1.8% 2.0% 1970 1980 1991 2000 2010 2019e Rajah 1: Penduduk dan Kadar Pertumbuhan Sarawak 1970 - 2019 Sumber: Buku Perangkaan Tahunan Sarawak 1971,1981,1992,2001,2011,2019 Nota: e = anggaran 2 Jumlah Penduduk dan Kadar Pertumbuhan Penduduk Sarawak 2010 & 2019 Jumlah Penduduk Kadar 800,000 3.00 700,000 2.50 600,000 2.00 500,000 400,000 1.50 300,000 1.00 200,000 0.50 100,000 0 0.00 Bau Miri Sibu Daro Song Julau Kapit Dalat Matu Tatau Pakan Lawas Lundu Serian Belaga Sarikei Mukah Betong Bintulu Marudi Saratok Asajaya Kuching Kanowit Limbang Sri Aman Selangau Simunjan Meradong Samarahan Lubok Antu Graf 1: Jumlah Penduduk dan Kadar Pertumbuhan Purata Penduduk 2010 & 2019 STRUKTUR & KUMPULAN UMUR Struktur Umur Penduduk Bilangan Penduduk mengikut Sarawak kumpulan umur, 2010 & 2019 <15 15-64 >64 50,224 73,000 34,720 58,80070-74 0.0% 3.5% 3.9% 4.3% 5.6% 7.5% 53,536 83,200 72,701 109,10060-64 95,970 135,700 118,996 156,60050-54 53.9% 143,387 175,900 54.7% 59.7% 61.4% 160,184 176,30040-44 65.6% 68.6% 169,885 218,300 168,232 246,80030-34 207,220 250,500 233,246 244,60020-24 250,512 252,800 245,474 231,90010-14 46.1% 41.7% 36.4% 34.3% 250,594 221,000 28.8% 24.0% 216,259 234,2000-4 2010 2019 1970 1980 1991 2000 2010 2019 Graf 2: Struktur Umur Penduduk Sarawak Graf 3: Bilangan Penduduk Mengikut Kumpulan Umur 2010 & 2019 Terdapat 3 struktur umur iaitu umur muda (<15 tahun), umur bekerja (15-64 tahun) dan umur tua (>64 tahun). Pada 2019, komposisi penduduk umur bekerja mewakili sebanyak 68.6% daripada jumlah penduduk, iaitu peningkatan daripada 65.6% pada tahun 2010. Penduduk umur muda merupakan kumpulan umur kedua terbesar iaitu 24.0% dan mengalami penurunan daripada 28.8% pada 2010. Peningkatan turut dilihat pada kumpulan umur tua iaitu 7.5% berbanding hanya 5.6% pada 2010. Tren tersebut menunjukkan negeri Sarawak mengalami pengurangan penduduk dalam struktur umur muda dan data 2019 menunjukkan bahawa Sarawak boleh diklasifikasikan sebagai negeri tua kerana telah mencapai lebih 7.0% golongan umur tua. Tren ini juga boleh dilihat pada pecahan kumpulan umur bagi tahun 2010 dan 2019 di mana kumpulan umur muda menunjukkan pengurangan manakala kumpulan umur bekerja dan umur tua menunjukkan peningkatan seperti pada rajah di atas Sumber: Buku Perangkaan Tahunan Sarawak 1971,1981,1992,2001,2011,2019 2 KADAR KELAHIRAN DAN KEMATIAN KASAR Kadar kelahiran kasar menunjukkan penurunan daripada16.7 pada tahun 2010 kepada 13.3 pada tahun 2018 bagi setiap 1000 penduduk. Pada tempoh yang sama, kadar kematian kasar mencatatkan peningkatan 5.0 kematian bagi setiap 1000 penduduk, berbanding 4.2 kematian bagi setiap 1000 penduduk pada tahun 2010. Kadar kelahiran kasar merekodkan penurunan pada momentum yang lebih pantas berbanding peningkatan kadar kematian kasar dengan kadar yang lebih perlahan. Kadar Kelahiran Kasar & Kadar Kematian Kasar, 2010-2018 20.0 17.2 18.0 16.7 16.8 15.3 15.4 14.7 16.0 13.9 13.6 13.1 14.0 12.0 10.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 5.0 2.0 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 0.0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Kadar Kelahiran Kadar Kematian Graf 4: Kadar Kelahiran dan Kematian Kasar JANGKA HAYAT Jangka hayat bagi perempuan di Sarawak menunjukkan peningkatan daripada 76.8 tahun pada tahun 2010 kepada 78.4 tahun pada tahun 2019. Jangka hayat lelaki turut meningkat daripada 71.7 tahun kepada 74.6 tahun pada tahun 2019 . Sarawak merupakan negeri dengan jangka hayat tertinggi bagi lelaki pada tahun 2019 Jangka Hayat Ketika Lahir Mengikut Jantina 2010-2019 80 78.3 78.3 78.3 78.4 78.4 77.8 77.8 78.2 78.2 78 76.8 76 74 74.2 74.3 74.4 74.5 74.6 74.5 74.4 74.6 74.6 72 70 71.7 68 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019e lelaki perempuan Graf 5: Jangka Hayat Ketika Lahir Mengikut Jantina 2010-2019 Sumber: Buku Perangkaan Tahunan Sarawak 2001,2011,2019 3 KADAR KESUBURAN Pada tahun 2018, kadar kesuburan jumlah bagi Sarawak menurun kepada 1.6 bayi bagi setiap wanita berumur 15-49 tahun berbanding 1.7 pada tahun 2017. Sarawak mencatatkan kadar kesuburan jumlah berada di bawah paras penggantian iaitu purata 2.1 bayi bagi setiap wanita dalam lingkungan umur reproduktif (15-49 tahun) bagi tahun 2013 hingga 2018. Kadar Kesuburan (setiap wanita berumur 15-49 tahun) 2010-2018 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.9 2 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1 0.5 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Graf 6: Kadar Kesuburan (setiap wanita berumur 15-49 tahun) 2010-2018 KADAR MIGRASI Bilangan Migran dan Kadar Migrasi Sarawak 2010-2018 14,000 6.0% 5.2% 4.9% 12,000 5.0% 3.6% 3.8% 10,000 4.0% 8,000 2.9% 3.0% 6,000 1.8% 1.4% 4,000 1.0% 2.0% 1.0% 2,000 2,500 12,900 12,100 9,100 8,000 7,800 3,900 5,000 - 0.0% 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2018 bilangan migran kadar migrasi Graf 7: Bilangan Migran dan Kadar Migrasi Sarawak 2010-2018 Pada tahun 2018, kadar migrasi di Sarawak adalah 1.8% dengan jumlah 5,000 migran berbanding kadar migrasi 1.0% dengan 2,500 migran pada tahun 2010. Kadar migrasi di Sarawak berada pada paras tertinggi iaitu 5.2% pada tahun 2011 dan terus mencatatkan penurunan sehingga tahun 2018. Sumber: Buku Perangkaan Tahunan Sarawak 2001,2011,2019 Laporan Penyiasatan Migrasi 2010-2018 4 PERUMAHAN BILANGAN TEMPAT KEDIAMAN (TK) Unjuran 2020 menunjukkan jumlah tempat kediaman di Sarawak adalah 697.6 ribu berbanding 594.5 ribu pada tahun 2010 (Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan 2010) dengan kadar pertumbuhan tahunan sebanyak 1.6%. BILANGAN TEMPAT KEDIAMAN 1,671,108 2,632,561 4,092,769 5,569,261 7,346,910 9.0 JUTA 1970 1980 1991 2000 2010 2020P 26,8881 231,537 364,399 476,377 594,472 697.6 RIBU TEMPAT KEDIAMAN MENGIKUT BAHAGIAN2 O BAHAGIAN MIRI O P BAHAGIAN BINTULU 103.8 RIBU 2020 56.0 RIBU 697.6 RIBU BAHAGIAN LIMBANG 23.9 RIBU BAHAGIAN SIBU BAHAGIAN MUKAH O 85.8 RIBU 32.7 RIBU B BAHAGIAN SARIKEI O 33.1 RIBU O BAHAGIAN SAMARAHAN TANJUN 52.0 RIBU O O KA 5 DAERAH TERTINGGI 179.3 RIBU KUCHING O BAHAGIAN KUCHING O 202.0 RIBU O MIRI 88.5 RIBU O O TE SIBU 67.2 RIBU BAHAGIAN SERIAN 22.9 RIBU BAHAGIAN SRI AMAN BAHAGIAN BETONG BAHAGIAN KAPIT BINTULU 48.0 RIBU 26.2 RIBU 30.1 RIBU 29.2 RIBU SAMARAHAN 34.8 RIBU Rajah 2: Tempat Kediaman Mengikut Bahagian • 3 Bahagian menyumbang sebanyak 56% tempat kediaman di Sarawak iaitu Bahagian Kuching, Miri dan Sibu. Bahagian Kuching mencatatkan jumlah tempat kediaman tertinggi iaitu sebanyak 202.0 ribu (29%) tempat kediaman; • Seterusnya, 5 Daerah merekodkan bilangan tempat kediaman tertinggi di Negeri Sarawak iaitu Daerah Kuching, Miri, Sibu, Bintulu dan Samarahan. • Lebih 25% tempat kediaman berada di Daerah Kuching dan merekodkan bilangan tempat kediaman tertinggi di Negeri Sarawak dengan jumlah 179.3 ribu tempat kediaman. Sumber : • Data 2020P adalah unjuran berasaskan 60% tempat data Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan BANDAR kediaman di Sarawak Malaysia 2010 (31 Daerah Pentadbiran). LUAR Nota : BANDAR berada • 1 Banci Perumahanan terhad kepada di Bandar dan bandar-bandar utama sahaja; • 2 Hasil tambah mungkin berbeza kerana 40% di Luar Bandar. pembundaran. 5 STOK PERUMAHAN Pada suku tahun pertama 2020, stok 5,755,086 perumahan ditawarkan di Negeri Q1 Sarawak adalah 265,903 unit (4.6%) 2020 265,903 berbanding Malaysia 5,755,086 unit. Teres Berkembar Sesebuah Bandar Kluster Kos Rendah 2,358,298 418,360 486,236 42,987 41,464 688,931 145,183 44,351 11,066 1,128 1,045 26,458 Lebih 50% stok perumahan di Sarawak adalah dari jenis teres. Jenis kluster dan rumah bandar adalah stok perumahan paling Flat Kos Flat Apartmen / kurang ditawarkan di Malaysia dan Rendah Kondominium Sarawak. Manakala 13% dari stok perumahan di Sarawak adalah 473,647 331,200 913,963 dari kos rendah, berbanding 20% 8,244 5,598 22,830 stok perumahan di Malaysia 86% Stok perumahan di Negeri Sarawak adalah dari kategori kediaman bertanah (landed) dan hanya 14% stok perumahan di 4,036,276 1,718,810 bawah kategori kediaman 70% 30% berbilang tingkat (highrise), 229,231 36,672 berbanding Malaysia 30% di 86% 14% bawah kategori highrise. 5,755,086 5,611,673 265,903 5,486,518 256,215 Suku tahun pertama 2020 merekod 5,300,429 4,876,439 kadar pertumbuhan stok perumahan di 238,197 249,886 Sarawak lebih tinggi dari Malaysia iaitu 222,089 3.8% bagi Sarawak, manakala Malaysia meningkat pada kadar 2.6%, 8.7% 3.5% 2.3% 2.6% tren ini adalah sama seperti pada suku 7.3% 4.9% 2.5% 3.8% tahun pertama 2018.
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