Robert BurnsLimited World Federation

Limited

www.rbwf.org.uk

1989 The digital conversion of this Burns Chronicle was sponsored by Alex J. Hood In memory of his father, James A. Hood (1920-1989), both of Balerno Burns Club, “Let it Blaw”

The digital conversion service was provided by DDSR Document Scanning by permission of the Robert Burns World Federation Limited to whom all Copyright title belongs.

www.DDSR.com BURNS CHRONICLE

BURNS CHRONICLE AND CLUB DIRECTORY Instituted 1891

WHOLE NUMBER 98

Price. Paper £4.99, Cloth i.7.50 (Members £2.99 and £4.50 respectively)

Publi>hed hy the Burns Federation, Dick ln;titute, Kilmarnock Contents

Enez Barne> Logan From the Editor Oh1tuan<:'> Book R..:v1ew., The Selkirk Grace. Fact and Fable Greetmg., from Greenock Mabel lrvmg Burm, the Mw,1cal 3..\ Dumfne' Burn' Howff Cluh Centenary 37 Poetry The Bra,h and Reid Edition'> of "Tam o' Shanter'' G Ro.,.,Roy 38 ..\5 No Ordmary Man ..\9 Wilham Corbet Jame' L Hcmp>tead Ryedale Cottage Irving Miller 57 Elli,land Bicentenary 59 Jmeph H1.,lop and th..: Song' of Roher! Burn., M. T R 13 Turnbull Robert Burn' and Prote.,.,or Stewart John Str.iwhorn 63 The "Pa1'1ey 500" Gn:etmg 'I G JI 72 73 Tho'>C Jolly Beggar' R Peel 76 Tempu., Edax Rcrum Roy Solomon 77 The World-wide memoriab to Rob.:rt Burn., 83 A Recollection ot Burn'> trom 1836 Candv Livengood X6 Schoob Competll1on Report - 1988 Jame., Gia" 8lJ Robbie·., Statue> JcffBrownngg 98 Statement of Account'> to..\ Office Bearer., of the Burn'> Federation 106 L1't of Prev1 I 13 Reporh of the 1987 Conference 123 Alphahet1cal Ll'>t of Clubs 126 Numerical L1't of Club'

2 j

I~-

Pride Of Place At Your Bums Supper. This year your Burns Supper could be noticeably different. With the guests following the toasts and joining in the choruses- word perfect. Best of all. from a Scottish point of view, it won't cost you a penny extra For the place mats illustrated above are free from Drambuie. They're available in multiples of 20 assorted mats. just fill in your requirements on the attached coupon and we'll do the rest. Scot free! r Tu7he7ra~ieLlqu;: C~tW2 ~ fuce,Ninb:°gh I Please send me I \Burns Supper Place Mats l?li-MOliriJ.J.:.I Name ______Position ______I Club _____ I Address ______L------~ 3

Enez Barnes Logan

Enez has been such a well-known figure of the Burns movement for the pa~t two decades, that it comes as a surpnse to realise that she is 5till only 43 year5 old and, a5 such, i5 the youngest President in the entire history of the Burns Federation. It seems faintly unchivalrous to mention a lady's age, so by way of amends I hasten to add that Enez today looks younger, and more radiant than ever. Verily, the camera does not he; compare the photograph opposite with the portrait which appeared in the 1979 Chro111cle. Enez was born and brought up in Kilmarnock and although she and her husband Robert moved to Kilmaurs four years ago she remains true to auld Kil lie. She was educated at Kilmarnock Academy and currently worh in Paisley where she is the Sales Credit Controller m the accounts department of a large company. The Logans have two daughters - Helen (22) lives and worh in London, while Nancy (19) 1s a hairdres5er. Twenty years ago Enez and her mother paid a visit to the Tam o' Shanter Inn Museum at Ayr and then went on to the Cottage and Birthplace Museum at Alloway. This rekindled an interest in Burns which had been dormant ~mce schooldays. Soon afterwards she was taken along by her father and mother-in-law to the Kilmarnock Howff Burns Club to one of their special guest nights when ladies were admitted. The Howff was then a bastion of male chauvinism which, however, had the grace and good sense to move with the times. In 1971 ladies were admitted to full membership and Enez was the first of her sex to take the opportunity. One of her earliest memories of a club meeting was a talk given by the late Alex MacMillan in which he urged members to encourage young people to take up an interest in the Burns movement. This made such a lasting impression that Enez agreed when she was approached about taking on the job of Club Secretary. As a Club official, she was appointed a delegate to the Ayrshire Association of Burns Clubs, where her outstanding qualities were quickly recognised. In 1974 she became Vice-President of the Association, and three years later became President - the youngest in the Association's history. She has also served as President of the Howff Club and performed yeoman service as Secretary of the Ayrshire Association. She has taken a leading role in Burns actIVlties throughout Ayrshire in the past twenty years and was recently elected Vice-President of Kilmarnock Burns Club. For many years now she has adjudicated in the verse-speaking competitions for schoolchildren held in Kilmarnock and Loudoun Distnct. She has been closely involved in countless events organised by the Ayrshire Association over the past fifteen years. Keenly interested in all aspects of local history, she regards her greate5t achievement so far the location of the graves of the Tannock Brothers, now marked by a plaque erected by the Howff Burns Club. Enez organised the very successful Bicentenary Celebration in Kilmarnock, honouring the printing of Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, held at the grave of John Wilson in July 1986. Enez has attended every Burns Conference since 1972 and joined the Federation Executive in 1979. She was involved in the planning committees for the Conferences at Irvine (1981) and Kilmarnock (1986). She wa5 elected Junior Vice-President of the Federation at London in 1985, and progressed to President in September 1987. A more than usually crowded presidential year culminated in the highly successful Conference in Hamilton, Ontario. Enez is particularly busy in January and February and reckons to take part m fourteen or fifteen Burns Suppers each year. Obviously Robert Burns plays a large part in her life, but she still finds time to keep up her interests in local history. Over a period of two years she wrote a history of the Old High Kirk in Kilmarnock, published in serial form in the Church magazine, and she has also contributed a number of articles to the Chronicle on aspects of Kilmarnock pertaining to the Bard. She is currently writing a book entitled Kilmarnock, a Modern Treatise.

5 From The Editor

In March 1988 I had the good fortune to Green, the Pa its of Clannochdyke, the visit Amtralia in connection with the Telfers of Nether Affleck and Grey­ Bicentennial Numismatic Convention in sauchs, the Weir; of Waterside, the Sydney, New South Wales where I gave Browns of Auchlochan and the Steel\ of one of the papers. Regrettably, the tnp Cumberhead. Robert Steel was slain at was arranged at rather short notice, ;o the battle of Bothwell Bng in 1679 and that it wa; impossible to plan an itinerary lies buned in Strathaven kirkyard. His which would have enabled me to meet nephew David Steel of Skellyhill was shot the clubs affiliated to the Burns Federa­ in cold blood before his wife and bairns t10n. Neverthele;s, I was very glad of the by Chrichton, a lieutenant of Dragoons. opportunity to meet member; of the on 20th December 1686. Of Robert's Scottish Society and Burn; Club ot son\, John was one of the leaders of the Australia during the cour;e of their very Covenanters 111 Lesmahagow pari'h dur­ lively monthly meeting. ing the Killing Times and survived the May Dickie, the Club secretary, left persecution to obtain a capta111 's commis­ details of the time and venue of the sion in the Cameronian regiment in 1689. my hotel, and ;hortly before meeting at The other son Wilham was my great I strolled along the appointed hour (nine times) grandfather, tenant 111 Street to St. Stephen's Macquarie Lochanbank. He was briefly impmoned early, and to kill Church Hall. I arrived after Bothwell Brig but released through around the glass show­ time I browsed the good offices of the Marquess of outer hall. St. Stephen's is cases 111 the Douglas, though for much of the 1680s he second oldest Presbyterian only the was a fugitive. Both John and Wilham Sydney, but it has an incompar­ church 111 used to return to their farm; from time to of relics and memorabilia able collection time, and on several occasions were with the hi;tory of Presbyte­ associated almost captured by the troopers of back to the time of John rianism nght Claverhouse. Once, John hid 111 the byre, the Lords of the Co11gregat1on. Knox and covered in straw, and was on the poi1it of particular caught my One exhibit 111 detection when his re'>ourceful wife an ancient Ha' Bible, its page; eye. It was Marion dropped a lighted torch into the with age; but it wa; the savage yellowing tub of unne (used to bleach cloth) and the thicknes5 of the cut right through .. created such a fearful stink as to dnve out board; of it; binding book to the very the \Oldiers. that stopped me in my tracks. Could this be . . . ? Sure enough, a copy of William himself was forced to hide in Woodrow's Faithful Contending.1· Dis­ the byre on one occasion. He lav there played wa; open at the page de;cribing with the family Bible on his che;t, while the incident which had led to the mutila­ hi; wife Grizzel covered him with straw. tion of the Bible. The Dragoon; prodded and slashed at I am three-quarters Highland, but the straw with their sabres. One such through my maternal grandmother I can sword-thrust cleaved the Bible asunder trace my ancestry back ten generations to but undoubtedly saved William from such families as the Watson; in Shield discovery and certain death.

6 I mu't conte,., that I had alway' upon a Bicentennial Era of our own. It regarded thi' tale with a gra111 of salt. If it began with the celebrations in Kilmar­ were true, where was the cloven Bible nock at the end of July 1986 marking the which would have lent 'ubstance to the Bicentenary of Poems. Chiefly in the legend? You may therefore imagine my Scotf/.\h Dialect. At the time of writing we excitement when I found thi' venerable have been celebrating the 200th a11111ver­ family heirloom pre,erved on the other sanes of the marriage of Robert and ~ide of the world. Tantalisingly, I did not Jean, and the entry of the poet 111to his have the opportunity to examine the tenancy of Elli,land. In October 1988 we Bible more clo,ely. although our Honor­ have the Bicentenary of Steam Naviga­ ary President Gordon Mackley 1' inve-,ti­ tion which all began one autumn day on gat111g the matter further on my behalf. Dalswinton Loch. when Burns left off In particular I am intngued to know what from his harvesting and walked acro~s the family detaib are given on the flyleaf, the fields with Sandy Crombie to watch the traditional repository of birth' and bap­ '>team-powered folly and plaything of h1' ti,mal records. Mv descent from Wilham landlord, Patnck Miller. Sadly Burns Steel i' through hi' great-granddaughter neither apostrophised the event nor even Helen and thereafter through 'ucce,sive mentioned 1t in the letter he penned to female l111e~; presumably the Bible was Jean that very day. Who could have transmitted through heirs male and came dreamed that the new technology of 1788 to Aw,tralia with them. Now I have the would one day bring immense prosperity ta-,k of tracing the provenance of the to Scotland, but also enormou-, social and Bible back from the donor 111 the hope of economic upheavals'? finding some long lo't k111 Down Under. And so 1t will continue for the next Research into all a'pecb of Burm is a 'even years. as we celebrate the Bicente­ bit like genealogy: 1t " never-ending, nanes of the move to Dumfnes. the 'ometimes frustrating and baffling, at publication of "Tam O' Shanter", the other time' excit111g when a piece of the Scots Musical Museum and the Select jigsaw falls 111to place. Con,idering the Collection of Scottish Airs, the two va~t literature on the Bard, there are 'till Galloway tour' and the Royal Dumfries many unsolved problems - and ju't a' Volunteers, and finally as we pay our many myth' which pers1't from genera­ tribute to the Immortal Memory of Burns t10n to generation. Whatever else 1t has 111 July 1996. We may be '>Ure that the achieved 111 the past n111ety-odd years, the celebrations that culminate 111 "The Chronicle has been the repo,1tory of the Spirit of Ninety-six" will out,h111e any­ sober, factual re'>earche' of countless thing that has gone before. and give the 'cholar'> and 1s con,cquently an 111valu­ Burns movement the momentum that able 'ourcc of information for the stu­ will carry us forward with confidence into dent, the critic, the biographer, the the twenty-ftrst century. historian and the ordinary Burn,ian. Jame' A. Mackay Ment10n of the Aw,trahan Bicenten­ 11 Newall Terrace mal reminds me that we have entered DUMFRIES, DGl ILN

7 John Walter Begg 1906-1988

John Walter Begg was a direct descen­ dant of John Begg and Isabella Burns. the youngest siste r of the Poet. He was born in Sydney. Australia. on IOth September. 1906 and lived there practi­ cally all his life. He graduated in law from the Univer­ sity of Sydney and became a solicitor. practising at Dorrigo. New South Wales. for a short while before returning to Sydney where he took over th e firm to which he had been articled in his earlier days. Later he took a partner and establi shed the firm of J. W. Begg. Blackmore & Co. He was always proud of the fact that o ne of his daughters. Merrie! , followed him in the legal profes­ sion . and a grand-daughter. Tiffany. is at present at the University also studying law. During the Second World War he jo in ed the Australian Air Force and served in various places in the islands north o f Australia. being seconded for some time to the American Air Force in the Solomon Islands. that occasion was when he unve iled the From his school days he had always Cairn at Clochnahill near Stonehaven. re tained an interest in cricket and rug by In recent years his activities have been and it was o ne of his happie~t memories dogged by ill health and he had been in that he achieved a place in his school\ and out of hospital on many occasions. first grade rugby team. He went o n to Neverthe less, he was of great assistance qualify and act as a re feree for many in solving some geographical and chro­ years. nologica l mysteries which had sur­ It was only after the death of his wife in rounded Burns fami ly descendants in 1962 that he visited Scotland and began Australia. True to his legal training, he to take an interest in hi s connection with was not content until his researches had the Burns family. He became a keen produced all the answers. member of the Sydney Scottish Society He passed away at Sydney on 6th and Burns Club of which he was Pre­ January, 1988 , and is survived by his two sident for several years. sisters and three daughte rs who. along Many will reme mber his visit to Scot­ with all those with whom he came in land in 1968 when he took part. together contact, look back with affection and with his sisters. Jean and A lli son, in the respect on the life of a very kind and Family Pilgrimage organised by William considerate man. Coull Anderson. One of the highlights of LAWRENCE R. BURNESS

8 was an accomplished musicictn and Henry N. Howieson played the bagpipes and guitar. He was a member of the Magic Circle for many 1928-1988 years. At the funeral service held at Needham Henry N. Howieson who was a Past Funeral Chapel on Monday. 27th June , President of London. Ontario. Burns 1988 there was a large number of Club No. 561 (1983/84) died at London Burnsians, fellow workers and those who Ontario on 24th June. 1988. Henry was knew this gentleman. The Service was born in Pumpherston . Scotland on April conducted by Mr Mark Richardson and a IOth, 1928 and emigrated to Canada in moving and sincere eulogy was given by July 1954. He was a life-long Burnsian Dr. Jim Connor, Immediate Past Pre­ with a real feeling for the works ot the sident of the Burns Federation. Bard and a deep appreciation of Scottish At Henry's request his ashes were history. He had been a member of interred in East Calder Cemetery. Scot­ London Burns Club since his arrival 1n land, and a stone to his memory was Canada. erected. Henry was a regular attender of the Henry Howieson will be sadly missed Federation Annual Conferences and by all those who knew him and our attended the Conference in Edinburgh in sympathy is extended to his wife Elma, 1987. his daughters Maia, Lynda and Anne and his grandchildren Adam, Jonas and He worked in the General Motors Andrew. Factory in London for over 25 years. He JACK MANN

9 Book Reviews Cauld Kail, bet again!

THE BURNS ENCYCLOPEDIA, comptled by Maurice Lmdsay. pp426+vii. (Robert Hale, London, £14.95).

The idea of writing this encyclopedia occurred to Maurice Lindsay 35 years ago, when he was engaged in writing his biographical work Robert Burns: The Man; his Work; the Legend. To very few authors has been given the happy knack of being able to utili'e what probably started out as the working notes for the biography and expanding them into a major work in its own right. The idea of compiling the encyclopedia lay dormant, however, until 1958 when Hutchinsons of London commissioned 1t with an eye on the Bicentenary market. It says a great deal for Mr Lindsay's energie' (as well as the organisational abilities of his publisher) that 5uch a sub,tantial volume could be rushed out in time. Inevitably the first edition had its shortcomings, but the opportunity to rectify them occurred in 1970 when a second edition wa' publi5hed. A third edition appeared in 1980, by which time Robert Hale had taken over publication. The third edition was essentially the 5ame as the second, with a few minor textual corrections. Rather than go to all the trouble and expense of resetting the entire text to accommodate entirely new material a twelve-page Addenda wa' included. Thi' provided the opportunity to introduce entirely new entries or expand the information given in pr~viously existing ones. It is this third edition which has now, eight years later, been reprinted. That a reprint was necessary is a measure of the ongoing demand for such a book. It 15 a matter for considerable regret, however, that the opportunity which thus presented itself was not taken for a thorough overhaul of the text. So far as I can see the text of 1988 is absolutely identical to that of 1980, with the significant exception of the list of books by Maunce Lindsay which appears opposite the title page. This ha5 been lovingly brought up to date; what a pity the same loving care was not lavished on the encyclopedia itself' Better late than never. so I shall begin by venturing to suggest a few entrie5 for inclusion in the fourth edition: Adam Armour, the Rev. Dr William Babington, Lord Balmerino, the 'minor bard' Barclay whom Burns discussed with James Johmon, Robert Burn, the architect of Fergusson'' tomb, John Clark of Locharwood, Crombie'' of Dumfries, Andrew Crosbie. General Dirom, Lady Mary Douglas, John Drummond, Agnes Eleanor Dunlop, Rachel Dunlop, the Edinburgh Evening Courant, Johnie Faa, Miss Farquhar, the Glendinning or Glendonwyn family of Parton, the Glovers, John and Walter, Robie Gordon, William Graham of Mossknowe, the actor F. J. Guion. William Hamilton, Elizabeth Inglis, Bailie John Kellock and his wife of Thornhill, Fanny Kemble, Captain Lascelles, John Lewars Junior, Betty McAdam. Andrew McCulloch, William McCraken, Simon McKenzie, David Newall, Janet Nievison. John Pinkerton. Elinor Riddell, Captain William Roddick of Corbieton (which. incidentally, most editors have misread as Corbiston), Leonard Smith, John Smith & Son, the Rev. Thoma' Smith, James Stewart, Sir James Stirling, Nanie (Agnes) Welsh. Thomas Whyter and Alexander Williamson. After this length of time, moreover, 1t would have been nice to see several of the dramatis personae given their full names. 'Mr Bacon' for the landlord of Brownhills just will not do, when a little research reveals that his name was John. Similarly with the case of Sheriff Welsh, whom Lindsay dismisses with the comment that, according to Sir James Fergusson, there was no Sheriff of Dumfriesshire by that name. Just so. but John Webh

10 was actually a Sheriff-Substitute - a matter which could so ea~ily have been verified in Dumfries without having to approach someone as eminent as Sir James Fergusson for the answer. Many of the dates and other personal details of existing biographees could be considerably amplified in light of more recent re~earch. Sadly, errors of fact have continued to appear in the reprint without change. Sir James Hunter Blair was born James Hunter, not John, as stated in thi~ book. The poet's papers were sent to Dr Currie by the grandmother of Sarah Hutchinson (i.e. Jean Armour) - not her grandfather. That is a patently obvious mistake, due to simple carelessness - as, indeed, is the reference to John Allen (whose mother married Robert Cleghorn): Cleghorn was therefore Allen's step-father - not his grandfather. Lady Winifred Maxwell Constable was not the only surviving child of the sixth Earl of Nithsdale, but the grandchild of the fifth Earl, which is not saying the ~ame thing. On page 111 Burns is given as the author of the verses on the destruction of Drumlanrig Woods, although on page 107 Henry Mackenzie is correctly named as the author. Alexander Fergusson of Craigdarroch was, indeed, a 'de~cendant' of Annie Laurie - he was, in fact, her eldest son. Alexander Findlater's father was not a minister, and his name was James, not Thoma~. Findlater was, in fact, named after his grandfather, the Rev. Alexander Findlater of Hamilton. The Geddes Burns is in the Huntington (not Huntingdon) Library and while it is correct to ~ay that that repository i~ in San Marino, to leave it thu~ 1~ m1~leading, for this San Marino is in Califorma, and not the mountain republic in northeast Italy as implied. The owner of this volume at one time was Dr Henry Goadby, not Goadly. It is not enough to say of Ja mes Gracie that he 'became manager of the bank at Dumfne~'. Then, as now. Dumfrie~ had several banks. Gracie was, in fact, the agent for the Bank of Scotland, but went on to found his own bank, the short-lived Dumfries Commercial Bank. William Ker was not Postmaster of Edinburgh; he wa~. in fact, the Secretary of the Post Office in Scotland (his modern counterpart would be the Chairman of the Scottish Postal Board). The Ayr Bank collapsed in 1773, not 1783. the letter from Deborah Duff Davies was written in 1793, not 1792 and there are many other discrepancies in dates. George Lawrie was ordained at Loudoun (not Loudon) and it is nearer Newmilns than Galston. Lawson the Dumfries wine-merchant was actually John Law~on ( 1769-1809). The first edition of the Merry Muses was published in 1799, not 1800, and there are two extant copies. Lindsay mentions the 1827 edition, seemingly oblivious to the fact that it was actually published in 1872, with the digits tran~posed in a deliberate attempt to conceal the true date of publication. Cally estate i~ in Kirkcudbrightshire, not 'Wigtonshire' (sic) as given in successive edition~ of this hook. Alexander Peterkin was born in 1768- not 1708. William Pitt became Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1783 (not 1784) at the age of twenty-five (not twenty-three). Lindsay then goe~ on to imply that Pitt was not known as Prime Minister, as the Government's first minister did not regularly assume the title until Walpole's day. Quite so - but Walpole was Prime Minister from 1721 till 1742 - half a century before Pitt! Lind~ay may be confusing this with Pitt's official position from 1784 onwards as First Lord of the Treasury - the official appointment of all Prime Ministers down to the present day. King Edward invaded Scotland in 1298. not 1290, and Sir William Wallace was betrayed in 1305, not 1325. Some of the errors are bizarre, to say the least. The statue of Allan Ramsay in Princes Street, Edinburgh, 1s ~aid to hou~e in it~ base the works of the rnckoo clock. I confess to only ~eeing Edinburgh through the eyes of the occasional day trip from Glasgow, but I had always heen under the impression that Edina's horological ma~terpiece was a floral clock, and nothing to do with cuckoos at all. There are several statements based on false premises. Thus the reference to seeing Maria Riddell once 'since I was at Woodley Park' is dismissed as 'puzzling' - but this is

11 not so; as the last time Burns had been there could have been >ome time before the Sabine Women incident at Friars' Carse. John Syme was the Distributor of Stamps, not the Collector (a term applied to a senior rank of Excise official). Finally there are numerous mis~pellings of proper names. To be sure Friar's Carse is a common error for Friars' Carse, but Knockshinnock for Knockshinnoch, Curruchan for Carruchan and Buchan Street, Glasgow for Buchanan Street are less forgivable. Hendry Dundas for Henry Dundas is obviously a printer's literal, but there is no excuse for letting this error remain in print. The actor manager in Dumfries was George Stephens (not Stephen) Sutherland, and Maria Riddell's second husband was Phillips. not Philips Lloyd Fletcher. The home of the Riddells was Halleaths, not Hallheaths. On reading over the foregoing, the list of errata seems formidable; but in truth these are for the most part fairly minor matters that do not seriously detract from the immense value of the Encyclopedia. I have found it absolutely invaluable to me over the past twenty years and it is only because it is in constant use that I am aware of its relatively few shortcomings. It has been my own experience that the perfect book, correct in every respect, has never yet seen the light of day. But what, I fear, is reprehensible, is to permit a reprint of this book without taking the opportunity to make even the most minor of cosmetic improvements in an otherwise estimable text.

New Slants on Old Subjects

STUDIES IN SCOTTISH LITERATURE. vol. XXII. Edited by Professor G. Ross Roy, Department of English, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC. pp 261. . - The latest volume in this series contains some fourteen papers on a wide range of topics, ranging chronologically from Chaucer and the Middle Scots Poets, contributed by Walter Sheps, to a study by Alistair McCleery examining the genesis of Neil Gunn\ 1944 novel The Green Isle of the Great Deep. It never ceases to amaze me how disparate are the matters pertaining to Scottish literature which are currently in course of research. Sir Walter Scott had a lifelong interest in Old Norse literature, as demonstrated by his comprehensive library at Abbotsford. He drew on this rich ,ource for many of his poems, as well as such novels as Ivanhoe and The Pirate. Julian D'Arcy and Kirsten Wolf have contributed a fascinating article on Scott's translation and re-telling of Eyrbyggfa Saga. The mechanics whereby writers perfected their craft is always an absorbing subject. R. D. S. Jack analyses the development of Barrie and the transition from novelist to playwright. illustrated by the genesis of his first comedy, Walker London which was produced at Toole's Theatre, London in 1892. Incidentally, it is interesting to note that Oscar Wilde made his theatrical debut a few days earlier, with Lady Windermere's Fan, and before that momentous year was out another Irishman - George Bernard Shaw - took hi, first dramatic steps with Widowers' Houses at the Royalty Theatre. Barrie adopted a remarkably self-effacing role; the author had literally to take a back seat to the flamboyant producer Toole. By contrast, Oscar Wilde came on stage at the close of his first night, garishly dressed - and smoking! - to make an extravagantly self­ congratulatory speech. Shaw, presumably, occupied a moderate position between these two extremes. The gradual evolution of a literary masterpiece is also the theme of Elizabeth Huberman's article on Edwin Muir's "Day and Night". A great deal of painstaking work has been expended on plotting the growth of this poem, from Muir's manuscripts (now in

12 the National Library of Scotland). Professor Huberman philosoph1cally accepts that there is now no way to reconstruct the process of composition in Muir's mmd, but she has done a fine job, first m identifying the seed from which the poem grew, and then, from a meticulous examination of Muir's other writings, in tracing its subsequent development. Colin Nicholson has made adroit use of a series of conversations with Sorley MacLean himself m his examination of his "poetry of displacement". which arose out of the traumatic events of the late Thirties. Rodger L. Tarr has contributed an entertammg piece on Thomas Carlyle's own traumatic experience of displacement when he and his long-suffering wife Jane Welsh moved from the remoteness of Upper Nithsdale to the hustle and bustle of London. Moving house from London to Dumfriesshire even nowadays (I speak from personal experience) is a big enough upheaval, but for the Carlyles, makmg the journey in reverse a century and a half ago, the prospects must have been dauntmg to say the least. Jane summed it up as a time "to burn our ships ... and get on march". The Carlyles relied heavily on Sarah Austin to find a suitable house for them and Tarr\ article on Carlyle 's house-hunting in London by proxy is derived from the correspondence. A letter of 20th March 1834 is printed in its entirety for the first time. I imagine that the date in the heading - 1838 instead of 1834 - is one of those printer's literals that sorely try all editors; but it is the spelling of the name of the Carlyle abode which came as a surprise to me. Mr Tarr renders it "Craigenputtoch" no fewer than four times. One of these occurs in the heading of the letter and 1s presumably how Carlyle himself spelled it. I verified this from the solitary letter of Carlyle in my own modest collection. This letter (hitherto unpublished) was wntten from Ecclefechan to the Rev. William Corson. tenant of Craigenputtoch. in 1838 and as well as the guttural spelling in the address, it also occurs m the text of the letter itself. The Collected Letters which have been m the process of editing at Duke University this many a long year likewise follows Carlyle\ spelling. Why Carlyle should have been so thrawn in the matter is hard to discover. Apart from Blaeu (1654), who rendered 1t as Kroginputtoch. all subsequent cartographers have adopted the form Craigenputtock. This 1s the form used in Crawford's map of 1828, with which Carlyle qmst have been familiar. Cra1genputtock 1s the form used by all early biographers and writers on Carlyle, with the exception of the American Moncure D. Conway ( 1881) who adopts Craigenputtoch. The latter spellmg appears only to have been revived withm the past twenty years. I mention this at great length because the apparent mis-spelling in academic circles is a matter of comtant irritation to the good folks of Dumfriessh1re in general, and residents of Dunscore parish in particular. Thank God we have no such problems over Ellisland, though Burns was not above spelling it "Ellesland" on occasion. I almost forgot that we do, indeed, have a similar problem with Lochlea - or should it be Lochlie? Burns himself is the subject of two papers in this volume. Steven R. McKenna has contributed a thought-provokmg article entitled "Spontaneity and the Strategy of Transcendence in Burns's Kilmarnock Verse-Epistles". As the years roll by, I keep thinking that the last word on Burns must surely now have been said and written; yet there is always a new angle, as shown in this paper which analyses those verse-epistles which appeared in the first edition of the Poems. Oddly enough, the verse-epistles as a group have had scant attention from students and commentators until very recent years, and McKenna here offers a thematic and structural analysis of Burns's first published epistles "in the hope that it will shed additional light on his artistic purposes, achievements and shortcomings in this special and problematical poetic genre." Perhaps the greatest surprise of all in this excellent volume is the paper on Marshak's Russian translations of Burns's poems. The article was contributed by Yang De-you,

13 Professor at Shanxi University in the People's Republic of China. I must confess to a measure of disappointment when I first encountered the Marshak volume~ in the Mitchell Library. It seemed to me then that Burns's poems lost a great deal m the tran5lat1on: but I am indebted to Professor Yang for now explaining exactly why this is so. It i5 largely due to the fact that Russian words are multi-syllabic. Marshak's tran5lations are beautifully rhythmic to the ear, natural in truly Russian phrase5 and expressions and free from high-sounding cliches; but in preserving the rhythm he has taken some extraordinary liberties with the words. Professor Yang has analysed ~everal of Burn~\ be5t-known poems, printing the Scottish version with Marshak, re-translated mto English, alongside The first thing we find 1s that Marshak has quietly dropped one of the ~tanzas from "John Barleycorn" for no good reason, though Yang makes a valiant attempt to explain the omission. "Such a Parcel of Rogues in a Nation" becomes, in Ru5sian "The Scotti5h Glory". The line with which Burns end~ each stanza does not appear in the Russian version at all, though the punch-line comes in the final quatrain: But ten times at the last hour, I will say openly: Damnation for betraying us, [That] swindling parcel 1

Inevitably "'For a' that and a' that" come5 in for the most cntical exammation. Yang comments: "This poem is special for its folksy feature with the con~tant repetition of ·a' that', particularly with the four lines of the refrain in vanations followmg the fir5t four lines of e:ich stanza. In Marshak's translation, however, the refrain ha5 grown mto ~even, six, five, six and six lines respectively, 5ome m three 5yllables, others in eight, but mo5t between these numbers."

Professor Yang concludes that Marshak has taken 5ome unpardonable liberties. In truth his translations are really adaptations, and he obviously felt free to omit whole verses and transpose lines to suit himself, regardless of the sense of the original. Finally, Yang points out that a much better job of translating Burns was made m 1963 by Victor Fedotov, whose work was published at Archangel "a remote city close to the Arctic Circle, far away from big cities where foreign author5 are studied and published." This must surely make Fedotov's translation of Burns the most northerly edition in the world! Yang pronounces Fedotov to be highly readable, far more faithful to the original in presentation and content, though perhaps not always 5ounding quite as Russian as Marshak.

The pitfalls of translating the vernacular poems of Burns are also illustrated m Dietnch Strauss's review of Hans Jurg Kupper's book Robert Burns im deutschen Sprachraum (Robert Burns in the German-speaking Area). Kupper has produced a study of the immense influence of Burns in the nineteenth century German-speaking countries in general, and examines the translations by August Corrod1 into the local Zurich dialect. Kupper has shown how Burns translates more readily into a Swis5 German dialect than into the standard High German, and sees a close affinity between Scots and Swiss - more than dialects of English and German respectively. H. Klos~ coined the term Halbsprache (literally '"half language") for these language~ which were more than mere dialects. Corrodi went a step further, by using the Zurich dialect, and this explams why­ his translations were more successful than those of other poets, although Egger made some excellent translations into Low German, and Legerlotz translated "A Man's a Man" into a mixture of High German and the southwestern dialect.

14 Maverick on the Boards THE MAN WHO PLAYED BURNS: AN AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL JOURNEY, by John Caimey. pp220. £9. 95. Mainstream Publishing. Serge Hovey. the composer. musicolog1't and most recent Honorary President of the Burns Federation. was introduced to Burns through the purcha'e of a tartan-bedecked 'ouvenir copy of the poems. edited hy James Barke. John Cairney came relatively late m life to Burn' too, through the medium of Hans Hecht's biography. a copy of which his father-in-law pressed on him m the poet'' Bicentenary year. Like many Scots, John had grown up with Burn,, but it had never occurred to him actually to read hi' works. In the 1960s Cairney. of Scoto-Irish background from the east end of Glasgow, was one of the promising actors in film,, television and the stage, principally with the Royal Shakespeare Company. His first essay in Burm was a spot on the Jimmy Logan show at Burns Night 1960 when he recited "'A Man's a Man". John was amazed at the response from viewers and th1' set him thmking that some form of drama based on the poet's life and work might be feasible. Out of this germ of an idea came the dramatic one-man show entitled "There Wa' a Man". It was John's dream-child, but Tom Wright actually wrote the script and Gerry Slevm eventually produced it. That show first saw the hght of day at the Traverse Theatre during the 1965 Edinburgh Festival. Originally booked for one week, 1t had to be extended by immem,e popular demand to six weeks. Subsequently Cairney took the show all over the country until November 1968. By that time Ca1rney felt in need of a change from Burns, but he was to find that there was no gettmg away from the Bard. In the 1960s Cairney was in considerable demand for film' and television series. To be sure, he was pipped at the post by Alan Bates for the leading role in "Far from the Maddmg Crowd", and by Michael Caine for the main part m "Kidnapped"; but he became a household celebrity as a re,ult of the two series of "This Man Craig". It was Ca1rney's decision which brought this immensely successful series to an end after only two seasons. Incredible a' it must now seem. he turned h1' back on the lucrative and steady work, based in the Home Counties, m favour of the uncertamt1es and nomadic ex1,tence of a strollmg player, with one-man shows such as "An Evening with John Cairney" and later his one-man presentations on Stevenson. McGonagall, Robert Service and lvor Novello. Incidentally. this intimate experience in one of the most difficult of all theatrical art-forms more recently inspired John to undertake re,earcb into the history of one-man theatre for the post-graduate degree of Master of Letters (M. Litt.) and, at the time of writing, the 100,000-word thesis is nearing completion. It is to be hoped that it is not only successful in winning John the coveted degree. but also that 1t will eventually be published in book form. as a valuable contribution to the history of the Theatre. But 1t is with Robert Burm, that John Cairney will always be inextricably linked. All the while he was dabbling in these one-man roles he never lost sight of Burns and experimented with solo performances, out of which developed his "Evening with Robert Burns". This dramatic compilation of the poems. songs and letters of the poet was eventually to play all over the world. John traversed the globe eight times with this show and gave performances everywhere from pubs and clubs to full-size theatre auditoria, cruise liners and festival venues. It has to be added that those of us fortunate to reside in Scotland have a tendency to take Burns - and everything pertaining to him - for granted. It has taken this reviewer several trips to North America, New Zealand and Australia to gain an appreciation of just how much John Cairney's performances as Burns have meant to ex-patriate Scots and second-or-third-generation Scots. Some have gone so

15 far as to claim that seeing and heanng John in the role of Burns had an electrifying effect on them akin to a religious conversion; but everyone I have ~poken to about these ~hows agreed in the warmest and most enthusiastic terms that John Cairney has done more than anyone else to give them a new-found pride in their Scotti~hness. Again, those of us who seldom stray outwith the frontiers of Scotland cannot comprehend the pre~sure of assimilation which face the Scottish communities in the multi-racial melting pots that are America and Australia today. It is against that background that Cairney's achievement must be assessed objectively. Cairney has paid a terrible price for this achievement. It would be no exaggeration to say that Burns completely took him over in the end. It killed his career in films and television - his most recent appearance, I ~eem to remember, was in an episode of "Taggart" where he gets bumped off in the opening minutes - but more importantly it seriously affected his health and destroyed his marriage of twenty-five years. Throughout all these vicissitudes John Cairney pursued his Burns role with a relentles~ness and singlemindedness bordering on obsession. He still nurtures ambitions for mounting a full-scale musical based on Burns and, indeed, "Robert Burns, the Musical" was staged in May 1988 at the Burrell during, but not quite part of. Glasgow's Mayfest. The Man Who Played Burns is an idiosyncratic book, quite unhke anything I have ever read. In the first place, it 1s not divided into chapters but hurtles along on the momentum of the author's exuberance. I might add that my review copy arrived about seven o'clock one morning. I started reading it over my early morning cuppa and found I could not put it down until I had got to the Epilogue, so perhaps such convenient breaking points hke chapters are redundant. My only criticism is that, without an index, it is not the ea~iest of books to come back to when looking for a specific point. John once confessed to me that, with his Scoto-Insh Catholic background he was not the ideal man to play Burns, but I disagree wholeheartedly. Apart from the uncanny likeness of Cairney to Burns, the actor's rugged individualism, his staunchly nonconformist outlook and - dare I use Burns's own words? - his manly independence are all all very much in the Burns mould. Along the way, John has trodden not only on the boards but on many toes, as he freely admits, and in his book he certainly pulls no punches. One valid point he makes, among many, is that there is something in the Scottish character that resents success in others. He has been castigated for somehow exploiting Burns, or at least doing very nicely out of him. That widely held viewpoint i~ utterly misplaced. In purely material and financial terms he would have been infinitely better off if he had not let Burns take over his career. In terms of health and per~onal happiness, too, Burns may also have exacted a particularly harsh bargain. And yet, I ~uspect that John would not have had it otherwise, were he given the opportunity to play his life over again. I cannot recommend this book too highly. Personally I enjoyed it immensely and had many a wry chuckle. Of course 1t goes over the top at times and is often highly opinionated, but these foibles are part of its charm. It is a very moving book as well as a most entertaining one. Cairney is an excellent raconteur and his narrative has pace and verve. In the aftermath of the Ibrox disaster he was asked to do a special show at the Mohawk Auditorium in Hamilton, Ontario for the Hamilton Rangers Supporters Club in aid of the disaster fund. An ardent fitba' fan himself. John had been shocked by the tragedy and composed a soliloquy: Speaking as a Celtic supporter, I would have reached out both my hands Across that green, dividing pitch

16 And held you hack. Held _vou up. Put my arms abollt you And embraced you But all the fears Of too many years Held back my helping hands From you, Blood-red, Death-white, True-blue Across the park that day ... At a party afterwards, John gave h1' three-page manu,cript of the poem to a couple ot Rangers supporter' who begged it from him. Some time later. when he wa' about to board the Prestwick plane at Toronto. the two men approached him and presented him with a beautifully printed copy of the 'oliloquy; it turned out that they were printers by profession. Sad to say, John inadvertently left it in the seat-pocket on the plane when he disembarked. If any of our Canadian reader-, remembers this incident and can lay their hands on a copy of this poem. I am sure John will be eternally grateful for it.

In His Own Write THE COMPLETE LETTERS OF ROBERT BURNS. Edited by James A. Mach.a\'. pp862+31 plates (including colour). The Burns Federatum and Alloll'ay Puhhsl1111g. Subscribers· edition (£25), Sou1·e111r edition (£15. 95 ). The prose wntmgs of Scotland's National Bard have tended to be overshadowed by the brilliance of his poetry; but they know not Burns who only Burn~\ poems and songs know. Some 700 letters written by Burn,, mainly in the last decade of his all too brief hfe. are presented in thi' volume. The writer of these letters emerges as a multi-layered personality: deeply religious one moment. highly irreverent the next; a male chauvinist given to sexual braggadocio in letters to Ainslie, and the author of high-flown sentiment in the remarkable Sylvander letters to Mrs McLehose; yet the self-same writer of love letters to his wife. moving in their tenderness and simplicity. Burns's correspondence reflects the times in which he hved. There are letters to fnends and relatives within the the narrow confines of rural Ayrshire in which he was brought up; but Burns moved easily among the personalities of the Age of Enlightenment and he corresponded with doctors, lawyer,, philmophers and savants on equal terms. The polished elegance of his letters contrast' dramatically with the artlessness of his vernacular poetry. Above all. however, the letters are a goldmine for the biographer and student of Burns, the man and his poetic works. It is a sad fact that, while mo't Scot' can recite a few lines of Burns\ poetry, and probably even have a copy of the Poem' at home (like the Bible and Shake,peare. an indispensable part of the furnishings but like them largely unread), the poet's letters have hitherto been the closed preserve of academics. David Daiches once set questions for a television quiz programme based on Burns, but had to abandon the questions derived from the poet's correspondence when it was discovered. at the rehearsal, that only one of the contestants had the faintest acquaintance with the Letters. And these were all self-professed "experts" on the Bard! The relative unfamilianty with the Letters is due in large measure to the fact that the only editions available until now were the two volumes edited by the late Professor J. De

17 Lancey Fergu,on, pubhshed by the Oxford Uni\'er,ity Pre'' in 1931 and out of print for many years. A 'et of the'e \'olume' in the antiquanan book market would have set you back three figure,. In 1985 the Clarendon Pres-; brought out a new edition in two volume,, edited bv Profes'or G. Ros' Rov, an Honorarv Pre,1dent of the Burn' Federation. Thi-.. edit10n, however, wa' priced. at £90 which p~t 1t beyond the reach of all but the wealthie't of bibliophile,. Re\'ie\\ er-.. of that edition unammou,ly clamoured for an edition of the Letter' which the ordmary Burm1an could afford. Thi.., cry was taken up at the Burn' Conference at Kiimarnock m l 986, and in the aftermath of the highly successful publication of the Co111p/ete Work.1 it was decided to follow thi' up with a compamon \'olume on the Letter' The Clarendon two-volume edition is a hard act to follow but it 1' to the credit of the Burns Federation that the re,ulting volume i' both comprehensive and conc1'e - and, what 1' more, at an affordable price. The letter' have been arranged in choronolog1cal order of rec1p1ents, all letters to the same addressee then followmg in date order. Each 'ect1on i' prefaced with excellent note' givmg b1ograph1cal details of the addre,see and the circumstances m which the letter or letters were penned. Thi-.. approach. never before attempted, ha' re,ulted m a fre'h appraisal of the corre-..pondence, givmg 1t a more personal dimension. Of Burn-.., "Caledoma 's Bard", the poems and ..,ong' are the irrefutable evidence on which his reputation re\b. But if we w1'h to learn <,omethmg of Burn'> him-..elf - as dutiful 'on, passionate lover, tender husband and father, compassionate brother, pain,takmg farmer, exemplary exc1seman, patient mender and re,torer of old ballads, warm fnend, ardent propagand1't and polemic1't - the whole man with all hi' faulb and failing,, his fme poinh and hi' strength-.. - then the Letters are by far the be't biographical material. No Bunrnan ought to be without a copy. J.M.G.

An Octogenarian's Octocentenary Tribute POEMS AND SONGS. by lallles Urquhart. pp25./+.ni. Pu/J/i1hed by the author at 35 Rosemount Street. Dumfries. L11111ted ed111011 of 150 copies, t32. James Urquhart needs no introduction to the Burn' mo\'ement - 1t owes him eternal gratitude for smgle-handedly rescumg the fir't Dumfnes Burn' Hou'e m Bank Street from almo't certain de,truction. A historian of note and a lifelong admirer of Burn,, he 1s a poet and mmician him,elf. In 1986 he orgamsed a Sangspiel a~ his contnbution to the Octocentenary of the Royal Burgh of Dumfries and sub,equently published this handsome volume a' his per,onal tribute to the town m which he has spent h1' long life. Some 120 poems and songs written and composed by Jame' Urquhart over many decades have been brought together. Lavishly illustrated and interspersed with notes, with a number of append1ce' delving mto the heraldry of Dumfnes (a matter in which Mr Urquhart played a major role himself), this book cover' a very wide range of subjects. Not only has Mr Urquhart shown his mettle as a makar, he exhibits a surprising proficiency as a composer, and his own music accompanying his 'ongs is pnnted alongside where appropnate. There are poems of love, occa,1onal poems (in the strict sense of dealing with specific events), ballads, children's songs, poems extolling the beautie' of Dumfries and Nithsdale which inspired another bard two centuries ago, and Imes on matters of the moment in the passing world. The photographs and line drawmgs that illustrate the book have been contnbuted by various artists, including the author's grand-daughter Fiona Jane. Incidentally not a few have come from the facile brush of John Mackay, well-known as an illustrator of the Scots Magazine and the Federation's poster and calendar; a great

18 pity. therefore. that h1' name ha'> been misspelled "McKay" or "MacKav" m th1' otherwise estimable volume. Many of the poems are. 1f not frankly autobiographICal. very reveal mg of the poet himself. There 1' a poignant lament for Tim Jetf,, one of the mo't accompli!'.hed all-round craft,men to come out of the Stewartry. tragically drowned 111 a boating accident on Loch Ken in 1975. Thi,, in fact. follow' a much longer work entitled "The Yellow Door" by which Jeff'' 'tudio in Dumfne-, (and later 111 Kirkcudbnght) wa'> known. It is mce to see that one of the South of Scotland's mo't talented though utterly 'elf-effacing men 'hould have h1' memory perpetuated in thi' way. Some of the piece' have an oddly dated feeling which Urquhart ha' deliberately retained. Thu-, the caption "The Two Truth'" 1' employed a' a heading to two poerm. the one. written 111 1942. on the her01c defence of Stalingrad which capture' the fervent pro-Russian sentimenb of the period. the other written a decade later and -,atiri,111g with devastat111g effect Stalin·, Slave Camp,. A' a -,cholar and h1,torian. Jame' Urquhart ha' a lively - nay. uncanny - 'en'e of the h1,tonc 111 relat10n to the here and now. and th1' 1' demonstrated most vividly 111 the ver) mov111g poem written on the battlefield of Solma-Ri in Korea, which he vi,ited 111 April 1983. There are two 'tanza' in memory ot John F. Kennedy. composed at the time of hi' a'"1'sination a quarter a century ago. The influence of Burn' is all-perva,rve. There I'> a Prologue for the opening ot the Musical and Operatic Society·., new Bngend Theatre in 1973. which echoe' the sentiment!-. of thme Prologue'> \Vhrch Burn' hi1melf composed for the Theatre m Dumfrie-;. Burn' 's Twa Brig' i'> obv1ou,ly the II1'>p1ration for the two lengthy poem' entitled "The Auld Brig Reflect'.. ( 1959) and "The Su,pen!'.ron Bridge Breaks a Century'' Silence" (1975). "Confe,-;rom of a Ju5.tified Sinner", on the other hand i' clearly im.pired by Hogg. Burns himself form' the '>Ubject of 'everal poerm. "We Were There" deab with the poet's funeral on 25th July 1796. But it 1' on the occa,ron of the poet'' Bicentenary that James Urquhart pulled out all the 'tops. "A Fhght of Fancy" is an eprc of Shanterlike proportions (almo't 300 line' 111 octo,yllab1c coupleh) which 1mag111e' Burn' re\i,iting Dumfrie' in January 1959. This become' a vehicle for bnng111g in references to everyone of note in the Burgh. It i' the sort of 'aga on which some po,tgraduate student two centuries hence wrll base a doctoral thesi,, explorrng the allu,rons and 1dent1fy111g the persons mentioned. One thmg, at lea't. ha-. changed for the better in Dumfne-, -,mce 1959: Like your renowned Theatre Royal. Now just a closed-down ctncma. bare And tenantless ... Burns would be pleased to 'ee 1t now re,tored to its pri,tine function and floun'>hing a!'. never before.

Words and Meanings

TWO GLOSSARIES BY ROBERT BURNS, edited bv Donald Low. Universit_v of Stirling Bibltographical Society, Occasional Publication 6. pp48. The University of Stirling Bibliographical Society wa' founded 111 1974 and is based on the University Library, although about half it' member,, including the Honorary Pre,ident, W. R. Aitken, are drawn from outwith the University. Member,hip. in theory by invitation, is in practice open to any interested person. The annual subscription of £1 ($4)

19 gives member~ the opportunity to attend three meetmgs and to purchase publications at a reduced price. The Society'' Occasional Publicatio11s owe much to the collections in the University Library and in the Leighton Library. Dunblane. which dates from 1687. As one of the ob1ectives of the Society is to foster mterest in the practice of printing by hand. it also makes a feature of hand-pnnted, limited edition' from the Umversity Library\ Press Room. The first two limited editiom were of poems by Jame~ Hogg. edited from the author's manuscript by Dougla' Mack. Number 7 in the seriou' wa' published in March 1988 and con,1sted of The Petition of Mr Kincaid, Inventor, 1701, which was edited by Gordon W. Willi,, the Society's Secretary and Trea,urer. from a manuscnpt discovered a few years ago in the Leighton Library. His petition to secure the profit' from his inventions 'eem' never to have been pre,ented to the Scots Parliament. It i' unexpectedly entertaining. because of the enthu,ia,tic de,criptions of the variou' 'mashein,·. Only 60 copied were produced of thi' Petition, of which 50 were offered for sale at £12 (£10 to member:;,). Number 8 wa' Rob Stene's Dream, a lively political 'atire in Scot' ver,e. dating from 1591 or 1592. The manuscript (again, from the Leighton Library). wa' published in only one previous edition, in 1836. Thi' anonymous poem. of which the begmning is lo,t, con\ists of 722 lines and satirized James VI\ Chancellor. Maitland. A completely new ed1t1on of th1\ poem was prepared by David Reid of the Engli'h Department of Stirling University. with an approachable text. lengthy mtroduction. commentary and glo"ary. Reid 'ugge5.ts that the author may have been Robert Semphill of Beltrees. Further details of this and other Society publications may be obtained from Gordon Willi,, Stirling University Library. Stirling FK9 4LA. Of particular interest to Burns scholar,, however. is Number 6. edited by Donald Low. It comprises the glo,saries to the Kilmarnock and Edinburgh Poems. reproduced in facsimile. There are two excellent reasons for reprintmg Burn' 's word-li'b 200 years after the event. In the first place. there is the intrinsic fa,cination of any Scot' glossary datmg from the eighteenth century - particularly m view of the fact that glossaries of this sort are by no means common. Secondly. exceptional interest attaches to Burns's authorship. We, who have countless modern editiom of the works of Burns with glos,aries of varying qualities and degrees of thoroughness. not to mention such mammoth compilations as the recent Concise Scottish Dictionary, tend to take word-lists for granted. No such compilations existed in Burns's day - certainly none that was readily available to him. Burns therefore had to compile the glossary for the Kilmarnock Edition from first principles. One of the mo't fascinating exhibits in the display of Burn' material at the National Library of Scotland in 1987-88 was a fragment of the manuscript for one of these glo,,aries. in the poet's holograph, showmg deletions and late insertions and conveying some idea of how Burn' put the list together. Unfortunately. because modern editions include their editors' ideas on glossaries, it is seldom possible for the reader to gain any idea of the poet\ p1oneermg achievement in this field. In this publication, however. we have the original word-lish with the meanings and definitions which Burn' himself devised. Unless you consult the original editions (or one of the many facsimiles) you cannot begin to appreciate the expertise of Burns in glossing the Scots words in his poetry. Apart from anthing else. it is quite illummating to discover the words and expres,ions which had so far declined in everyday currency by the 1780s as to require an explanation. It is a tribute to Burns that many of these words and phrases are now in everyday use in Scotland. and not a few have even passed into the currency of the English language - due entirely to the familiarity bestowed upon them by the poems of Burns.

20 It may be postulated that the glossary of 1786 wa' regarded a' a neces,ity: but the very much fuller and more detailed glo,sary appended to the first Edinburgh Edition a year later was more in the nature of a labour of love. Moreover. the compariwn shows how Burns's expectations had expanded proportionately. In 1786 he was content to reach an audience predominantly m the southwest of Scotland. The Edinburgh Edition aimed not only at Scotland a' a whole but a perceptive reader,h1p furth of Scotland. Dr Low points out that many of the poet'' readers would have been quite familiar with words m everyday use, but that Burn> considered it tactful not to assume too familiar an acquaintance with the vernacular. The fir,t glo"ary may have had a more mundane motive; it added five pages to the text. and, along with the songs and epigrams which appear to have been an afterthought. helped to bulk out the Kilmarnock Edition into a more sub,tantial volume than originally envisaged. The genesis of the much larger glo"ary of 1787 may be 'een m a letter to Burns from Mrs Dunlop dated 9th January, complaining that the glossary of 1786 was defective. Burns took the criticism to heart and included explanation' of many words which were merely variants of standard English words. Donald Low has carefully compared and analysed the two glossaries. It i' evident that Burns compiled the 1787 glossary independently of the 1786 version to which he gave no more than a pa"ing glance in the process. A few definitions are unchanged. but the great majority were reworded. often for no good reason, which seems to lend weight to this theory. In many other cases, however, Burns keep' the original definition and adds to it. The net re,ult was a glossary of 23 pages in the 1787 edition and the number of word' glossed was increased four-fold. Donald Low justly draws attention to Burn>'> skill a' a lexicographer and dialectologist. In the 1786 edition he included a brief but informative note on language, mainly dealing with the use of the participle in Scots. The 1787 edition included an illuminating note on pronunciation. Significantly. Burns twice makes comparisons with French and once with Latin pronunciation. Surely this gave the lie to the myth of the 'heav'n-taught ploughman', if anyone had taken the trouble to read it. J.A.M. Scotsoun' s Latest LUGTON LAUGH INN. Cassette SSC 078. Scotsoun, 13 Ashton Road. Glasgow, G/2 8SP. £4.50 post-free (UK). Add 50p (surface) or £/.60 (airmail) for overseas orders. Scotsoun have established a high reputation for their recording' of the Scotfoh languages. available to the public in a sene' of cassette tapes. I use the plural advi>edly. for there are tape> in Gaelic as well as Lallans and Standard English, and within the Lowland Scots vernacular there are numerous dialect and period variants. Among the earlier cassettes, >till available at the price quoted above. are the set of three (SSC 035-7) dealing with Burns. an assessment and selection being made by Thomas Crawford. lately Reader in English at Aberdeen Univer,ity, in the prestigious Makars Serie,. There is also a cassette (SSC 008) consi~ting of readings of poem' from the Kilmarnock Edition by members of Irvine Burns Club; and then there i> the Burns Cottage Selection (SSC 067) of popular songs and poems selected by the Curator of Burns Cottage. Alloway. Currie Flavour (SSC 003) comprises readings by the late Rev. James Currie of Dunlop. from the works of Burns and other Scottish poets, both traditional and contemporary. The Rev. James is here presented in lighter mood, with some of his cronies in excerpts from Burns nichts at Lugton Inn (1974-81) and Manor Farm Hotel (1986). Side 1 begins with the piping-in of the haggi' by Angus MacDonald and the variou' excerpts are separated by snatches of accordion music played by Eddie John5tone (recorded at Lugton in 1978 and 1979 respectively).

21 The Immortal Memory Section includes humorou; contnbutions from Alistair Mclachlan, the Rev. John M. Stewart. the Rev. Waldon Moffat and the Rev. Robert Paterson (the Happy Padre). The Rev. Jame' hi1melf dominates the section headed To the Las,1es' and he also contnbutes half the item' 111 the 'Reply to the Lassies'. Come to think of it. the most brilliant Toast to the La\,ie' I have ever heard was given by another man of the cloth. the Rev. John Weir Cook. I accept that the mo't accomplished public speakers nowaday; are either in Parliament or the pulpit, but what, I wonder, would Burns have made of his dog-collared devotees in th1' day and age. The secular contribution to this tape " provided by Andrew Charters. Malcolm Wilson, William Cowan, Col. Lachlan Robertson. Grant Carwn and Tom Reid. The joke' fly thick and fast; lady lawyer' and women dnvers, burn111g bras, sex before marriage and a mcht wi a man are only a fraction of thi' selection. Indeed, it occurred to me as I cast my eye down the list of joke; (printed in italic\ on the 111,ert) that they looked like nothing ;o much as a modern poem in blank ver,e: Can't keep my hands of her A suppository beh111d the ear Rangers emergency meeting Important deci.1·1011s Wonder woman Can't you JU't hear one of those modern poeh declaiming these line''? You will have to buy th1' tape to find out for yourself what the'e 1okes arc. Thi' 1s a happy ca"ette and it captures the full vitality of James at hi' convivial best. It wa' not intended as a memorial ca;sette, but as it turns out it convey' his warm 'em,e of companion,hip to the full. It is also intriguing to listen to the lilt and cadence' 111 the voice' of the various ;peaker' and marvel at the range of regional accent,, from the Highlands and Island' (Skye and Lewis, I should guess) to Ayrshire and Glesca at their broadest. It i~ a lingui,tic gem, though that is secondary to the sheer fun of the thing. Incidentally, part of the proceeds from the sale of this tape (in consultation with the Lugton Burns Club) will be >ent to the Rev. James Currie Memorial Tru't - a mo't worthy cause. J.A.M.

Burns and the Mormons The Mormon' - or Church of Je'u' Chri't of Latter Day Sa111h. to givt: them their full title have ju5t celebrated the 150th anmver,ary of their Church in Bntain by publ"h111g Truth Will Prel'llil, a 462 page h1,tory of Mormon endeavour 111 the'e 1,land,. Burn5 make' 'everal appearance5 in thi' fascinating book. Matthew Rowan. who joined the Church in the 184lb and 'erved a' missionary in Scotland and England. wa' adept at compo,ing rou5ing hymns. He took 'Duncan Gray' and tran,tormed 1t into a light-hearted celebration of the Mormon faith. capturing the enthu,ia'm of the early converh. A few year' later he reworked Burn,·, vcr,ion ot The Campbells Are Com111g' a' a propaganda 5ong for the great migration' of the converted to Salt Lake City. In 1847 Brigham Young. the Mormon leader. v1,1ted Scotland and wa' pre,ented with a Highland plaid and an elegantly bound copy of the poem' and song' of Burn' - 'although there is no evidence that President Young ever quoted the Bard·, add~ the author.

22 Actually. the tale isn't so much lost as Tij~ ~Q~l; misplaced. Because Ti\L~

everyone thinks Cutty ··· OF.CUTTY SARK.

Sark is the ship moored on the Thames at spyi ng on her. And she pursued him and his Greenwich. grey mare with such spirit that they came But before that, it was the name of the within a hair of death.

rather wooden-faced young lad y shown here. Their one salvation Ja y in crossing a Her career as a witch was described by running st ream- something no witch can do. Robert Burns in his epic poem "Tam Yet Cutty Sark still managed to pull off the horse's tail at the last instant. The famous tea dipper launched on the Clyde in 1869 was named after the witch, in hopes of emulating her awesome

~ And also from the legend came / the ritual of placing a mare's tail of rope

~ on one ~ in the figurehead's outstretched hand, I particular night, she after an especially fast passage. was dancing for the You may wonder why we chose to / delectation of Old Nick I illustrate the ship on our label. rather than himself. in Alloway the scantily-dad young Church. witch.

When Tam saw the lights But that way we can blazing within the hallowed sure our customers want

walls, he came forward, he saw, us for one thing only. and he was conquered by love. (Or was it lust? Clue: he dubbed her Cutty Sark, the old Scots phrase fo r the short CUTTY SARK shirt she was almost wearing .) THE REAL Mccoy Cutty Sark discovered Tam o'Shanter The Selkirk Grace: Fact and Fable J.A.M. I do not think anything I have written in the pa't thirty years ha' excited 'o much comment and correspondence a' the ver,ion of the Grace at Kirkcudbright. commonly known as the Selkirk Grace, which appeared 111 the Complete Works (published 1986). The letter' I have received range from pained enquirie' a' to why I should Anglicise this grace, to outright condemnation for so dorng. I have patiently replied to all of tho'e correspondents. giving them the rea"rns for the appearance of this grace in the Engli5h form. Fundamentally I have followed the text collated by the late Profe,sor James Kin,ley. whose monumental three-volume edition of 1968 mu't surely be regarded as the definitive version for the foreseeable future. To one outraged complainant I happened to mention that I wa' tollowing the text of Kmsley's Oxford edition. and thi' drew forth the amazing rejoinder: "Aye weeL ye wad expeck tae find the grace translated into English 111 an Oxford publication!" implying. of course. that I had no such excuse. An a'tonishing number of correspondents. in confronting me with my lamentable shortcoming. were at paim to tell me that the Selkirk Grace had appeared in guid braid Scots 111 the Kilmarnock Edition - which 1' patently absurd and only goes to ~how how little some devotees of the Bard really know about hi-, worh It occurred to me. therefore. that I could kill two birds with one 'tone. setting the record 'traight and. at the same time. tracing the history of thi., quatram. First of all. it is important to note that many editions of the poems and song' of Robert Burm do not include the Selkirk Grace 111 any form at all. It i' conspicuous by its ab,ence. for example, from the James Barke edition (published by Collin' in 1955 and since reprinted many time,). Nor i' it to he found in the pages of the Alloway Bicentennial edition of 1959. The celebrated Henley and Hender,on edition of 1896 is likewi'e 'ilent on the matter At the other end of the chronological spectrum the Selkirk Grace is not to be found within the page' of any of the edit10n' publi,hed in the poet\ lifetime. nor doe' it feature in the four-volume Life and Works compiled hy Dr Jame' Currie in 1800. and 'ubsequently reprinted and revised on many occasions. The vast majority of the edition., of Burn' published in the course of the nineteenth century make no mention of the Selkirk Grace. The Chambers edition of 1851 omit' it. as doe' the Scott Dougla' edition of 1877 (and later revised many times). It does not appear in the very thorough ed1t1on by Professor Wilson (1870) and there is no mention of it in Alexander Smith's Globe edition which MacMillan published in many editions from 1868 till 1904. In its vernacular form. however. it makes its debut in 1834 in The Works of Robert Burns with his Life by Allan Cunningham. "Honest Allan" printed the grace a' number XLIX on page 311 of the third volume: Some ha'e meat that canna' eat And some would eat that want it. But we ha'e meat, and we can eat, And sae the Lord be thanket. This version was repeated 111 the undated ( 1839) edition published by Virtue of London, where it appears a' number LI! on page 126. In both editions the head-note reads: "On a visit to St Mary's Isle, Burns was requested by the noble owner to 'ay grace to dmner; he obeyed in the'e Imes. now known in Galloway by the name of The Selkirk Grace'."

24 Sign 011 the 0 111.1·/.; irn of Kirkrndhright.

In te restin gly. the Selkirk G race was omitted fr om lat er editions o f Cunningham's compilati on. a nd it is intriguin g to spec ulate o n th e reasons fo r this. For half a ce ntury th e grace was in limbo . alth ough th e first three lin es we re quoted by J . B. Reid in his Complete Co 11 co rda11 ce ( 1889). Then. in 1896 . amid th e s pate o f new editions which appeared in th e ce nt enary year of th e poe t's death . Scott Dougla s included th e g ra ce in th e revi se d editio n of hi s work. but he a dded a cauti ous head-note: " Allan Cunningham records that this very characte ri stic G race before Meat was utte red !by Burns I at th e tabl e o f th e E arl of Se lkirk while o n hi s tour of Ga ll oway with Syme in Jul y 1793 . If so. it is strange th at Sy me who. in hi s account of that journey. gives sundry epigrams produced b y Burns in th e course of it. has omitted this." The e ditio n of Chambe rs. rev ise d b y William Wa ll ace and published l ater the s am e yea r. lik ewise restored the grace to th e ca non but with out an y comm ent (vol. IV. p. 3 17) . It also mi racul ousl y turned up in 811ms'.1· Poems (p. 306). edited by John and Angus Macpherson and published at London and Edinburgh in 1896. where it appeared under th e title ·G race before Meat. Commonl y Call ed th e Selkirk Grace·. Sin ce 1896 th e g race has appeared in approximately 30 per ce nt of n ew editions. with a tend ency to appear rath er oft ener in the selections or abridged works than in th e full editions. These sel ections are a im ed primarily at th e touri st and th e Burns Ni cht mark et, wh ere acc uracy an d sc holarship are not as important as in the more avowedl y academi c compilations. I mi ght add th at m y own earliest r ecoll ection of th e Selkirk G race was on an un derglaze blue rack-plate which stood on my grannie's dresse r: a nd I h ave since observe d it on many occasions. with minor variations in th e spellin g and phraseology. on

25 napkin-rings, mugs, place-cards. tea-towels and serviettes. It is mainly through these media that this 'traditional' grace has become so very widely known in the past ninety years. While rejecting much that was bogus and spurious. as well as urging extreme caution in regard to other pieces which were dubious. Professor Kinsley had no hesitation in accepting the four lines which he entitled 'Burns Grace at Kirkcuc!bright'. The 'English' version. for those who have not seen the Oxford edition or the Complete Works, is as follows: Some have meat and cannot eat. Some cannot eat that want it: But we have meat and we can eat. Sae lei 1/ze Lord be 1/zanki1. Kinsley transcribed the verse faithfully from the oldest 11 •riue11 version - that preserved among the papers of James Grierson of Dalgoner. Grierson, a descendant of the infamous Sir Robert Grierson of Lag, the persecutor of the Covcnanters, was a near neighbour of Burns in his Ellisland period. and from that time became an earnest and indefatigable collector of anecdotes and fragments concerning the poet. Grierson does not appear himself to have been present when Burns declaimed these lines. but from internal evidence there is no reason to suppose that he die! not acquire an accurate and literal version of it shortly thereafter. The Grierson version is clearly very much older than the oldest publication of the traditional vernacular version in 1834 , but it die! not see 'guid black prent' itself until 1943 when it appeared in transcriptions from the Grierson Papers. in Rohen Burns: His !\ssoci([{es and Col/{emporaries, edited by Professor Robert T. Fitzhugh (page 49). It has since appeared in the Grierson version in Poems and Songs of Roher! Burns. edited by Gordon Wright ( 1978).

The Selkirk Ar111s Ho1el. Kirkrndhrig/11.

26 In the head-note to the grace. on page 408 of the Complete Works I deliberately fudged the is,ue. 'ta ting that it wa' "alternatively known a' the Selkirk Grace. from the Earl ot Selkirk in whose pre,ence Burn' 1' 'aid to have delivered it extempore ... Not only is there controver'y over the me of English or Scottish word' in th1-, grace. hut opinion i' 'harply divided as to when and where the word' were uttered. Visitors to K1rkcudhright at the present day will find a hlue enamelled plaque on the wall of the Selkirk Arms Hotel. Alongside the Skirving portrait of Burn' is a statement to the effect that Burn' 'tayed at the hotel in 1794 and wrote the Selkirk Grace there The implication is quite clear: the grace take' ib name from the hotel. In 'upport of this contention the dining-room of the hotel hoash a magnificent wooden panel carved hy the late and much-lamented J. G Tim' Jem. The panel reproduces the Nasmyth hu't of Burn,, and bear-, the words of the grace according to the vernacular ver-,ion. For good measure the plaque also bring' 111 John Paul Jones. who is actually the '>UbJect of a separate panel on the adjoining wall. The'e plaques were erected in 1950. Despite this. it is extremely douhtful whether any of the facts stated on the wooden panel or the enamelled plaque are correct. In the f1r't place the poet's visit to Kirkcudbright took place 111 1793, not 1794. The latter date wa' prohahly derived from Franklyn Bli" Snyder\ biography of Burm ( 1932). Snyder (pp369-70) di,cmse-, the Galloway Tour which he dated to 1794 on the 'trength of a letter from Burn' to David McCulloch of Ardwall written in June 1794 (Complete Letters. p712). where111 he d1,cusses hi' projected vi.,it to Gatehou'e of Fleet - but Snyder was unaware that Burn' and Syme had. in fact. made two tours 111 succe,sive year,. From other source' it i' now known that the first Galloway Tour took place hetween 27th July and 2nd Augu'>t 1793. On ht Augu't 1793 Burn' and Syme arrived in Ktrkcudbright about one o'clock. In a letter written only ihirteen days later to Alexander Cunningham. Syme states: "I had engaged us to dine with one of the fir,t men in our Country L Dalzell - But Burn,· obstreperous independence would not dine but where he 'hould a' he 'aid. cat hke a Turk. drink like a fish and swear like the Devil - Since he would not dine with Dalzell 111 hi' own home he had noth111g tor it hut [Dalzell] to dme with us 111 the Inn - we had a very agreeable party. In the even111g we went to the Isle - Roher! had not ah,olutely rega111ed the mtlk111e's of good temper. and it occurred once or twice to him that the Isle was the 'eat of a Lord, yet that Lord wa-, not an Aristocrate He knew the family a little - At length we got there ahout 8. as they were at tea and coffee ..... After describing the agree a hie atmosphere at the country home of the Earl of Selkirk. whose 'econd son. Lord Daer had met Burn' at Dugald Stewart'' in 1786, Syme mentiom that Pietro Urbani was a hou,e-guest there. Burn' was asked to recite 'Lord Gregory· which he did so effectively that a dead 'ilence en,ucd. "Twa' 'uch a silence a'> a mind of a feeling mu't necessarily. preserve when it i' touched. a' I think ")met1mes and will happen. with that "1cred enthu,1a'm which hamshes every other thought than the contemplation and 111dulgence of the sympathy produced. We en.ioyed a very happy evening - we had really a treat of mental and sen,ual dehghh - the latter consisting 111 abundance and variety of dehciou' fruits etc. - the former you may conceive from our 'onety - a company of 15 or 16 very agreeahlc young people " Several points ari'>e from thi'> de,cription. In the fin,t place it is clear that on that fateful day Burns and Syme did not dine at St Mary\ I,le. but at the Inn in Kirkcudhright. Kirkcudbright'' oldest ho,telry, originally known 'omewhat prosaically a'> the Heid Inn. ha' stood in the old High Street 'ince the middle of the eighteenth century. though it did not become fully licensed till 1777. Burns is known to have stayed here on several occasions while travelling on Exc1'e duty. Dunng renovat10n' of this old butld111g layer' of wallpaper were removed in the room to the right and rear of the hotel and revealed a beautiful 'ketch of a church. To the left of the sketch were four line' of poetry with the I

~m»~r•T»"'<~«on:d

~~~[ID

no1•1

Enamel plaque 011 1vall of 1he Selkirk Ar111s.

signature 'R. Burns' in bold, clear lettering. A few words. however, were obliterated by the workman's wet brush but the verse reads: When January winds were blawin cau/' . Kirkcudbright I took my way, But mirksome night did me enfauld . .. till earlyest day . These lines are evidently a draft for the beginning of 'The Lass that Made the Bed to Me' (C.W. p.583) , Burns's reworking of the Restoration ballad 'The Cumberland Lass'. Whether Burns gave the grace before dining with Syme and Dalzell is also open to conjecture. In view of the poet's avowed intention of really letting his hair clown in such congenial company, grace may have been the last thing on his mind. That Burns and Syme arrived at the earl's home just as dinner was concluding. seems, on the face of it, to rule out St. Mary's as the venue of the grace either. On the other hand , according to the upper-class custom of the period , the meal did not end with the serving of coffee, but was followed by dessert. If. as we suppose. Burns and Syme were invited to draw up their chairs to the table and partake of the " variety of delicious fruits etc.", it is not impossible that the poet would be asked to say a grace. He was apparently as famous for his graces as for his epigrams - both being uttered extempore. There is certainly a down-to-earth informality about the Selkirk Grace which would have been in keeping with the scenario I have outlined. It is a great pity that Syme did not give the details; and in view of the detail given in his otherwise very full account of the Galloway tour, it would be prudent to treat the episode with caution. That Burns said grace at the gathering in the home of the Earl of Selkirk is

28 quite possible. If we accept that premise. it follows that he would have rendered hi s ex tempore grace in Standard English rather than the vernacular - although it would also be quite in keeping for the poet to have reverted to the Scottish dialect for the punch-line. James Grierson of Dalgo ner is such a meti culous recorder of all manner of trivia concerning Burns th at th ere is no reason to doubt th e accuracy of hi s transcript. Finally. if th e date and ve nu e o f th e grace arc in doubt. th e stateme nt that Burns 1vro1e it at the Selkirk Arms Hotel is also hi ghl y suspect. Ea rl y parochial hi stori es of Kirkcudbright either ignore Burns altogether. or mention him solely in co nn ection with St Mary's Isle; in th e latter case th e Se lkirk Grace is invariably quoted. The earliest reference to the grace and its o ri gins appears in Kirkrndbrig/11 , 1/re S1ory of 1111 A 11cien1 Burgh by the Rev. George Ogilvy Eld er (published 1898) . Page :rn gives a brief account of St Mary's Isle a nd th e raid by John Paul Jones in 1778. " In this mansion Burns first uttered hi s famous Selkirk Grace - Some ha 'e meal 1ha1 ca1111a · ea/ A nd some would ea! 1ha1 wa111 ii. Bui we ha 'e m eal, and we ca n ea t. And sae th e Lord be 1ha11ki1."

Carved wooden panel i11 th e di11i11g roo111 portraying Bums and quoting the 1•er11a c11/ar version.

Significantly, th e various nin eteenth and early twentieth century guid ebooks to Kirkcudbright frequently carry advertisements in the end-papers. Prominent among these are th e advertisements for th e Selkirk Arms Hotel - not one of which mentions the Selkirk Grace. although the fact th at Burns stayed there was fr equentl y menti oned. Kirkcudbrigh1 and Round About ( 1900) . Memories of Old Kirkcudbright ( 19 15) and Kirkcudbrigh! ( 1927) make no mention of Burns at all. Guidebooks published in the

29 1930~ and the early postwar period cling to the view that Burn' wa' occasionally a gue~t at St Mary's Isle and it wa' there that he compo,ed the famous Selkirk Grace. St Mary·, ble, incidentally was burned down in the early 1940s and 11' contents, which included a magnificent library. were utterly destroyed. All About Galloway and Dwnfnesslure (undated but publi,hed m the 1960s) repeats the story about Burns being an occasional guest at the home of the Earl of Selkirk and connects the grace with this. Kirkrndhnght and District (1976) came' the laconic statement on page 14: "It wa' while he wa' 'taying at St Mary'' ble that Burn' composed the famou' Selkirk Grace." This wa' expanded in the Kirkrndhright Holulay Guide published as recently a' July 1986: "St Mary\ Isle, incidentally, had another distinguished vi,1tor in those far-off day' - Scotland's na!Ional poet. ROBERT BURNS. He was friendly with Lord Daer, a son of one of the Earls of Selkirk and a dedicated supporter of the French Revolution, and it wa' while 'taymg at St Mary·, ble that Burns composed h1\ famous Selkirk Grace." This statement. on page 9. flatly contradicts the display advertisement of the Selkirk Arms Hotel on page 2. wherein it is boldly ch11med "Where Robert Burn' wrote the famou' Selkirk Grace." The notion that Burns actually compmed the Selkirk Grace in the Selkirk Arms Hotel. whether declaimed extempore or written down. has only gained ground m comparatively recent years. One suspect' that the Scotti'h Touri't Board may have had a hand in this; certainly the erection of the blue plaque ha' emphasised this viewpoint. real or imagined. In 1973 a booklet entitled A Stroll Around Kirkcudhnght was prepared by the History Department of Kirkcudbright Academy. Page 29 is devoted to the Selkirk Arm' Hotel and includes the statement: "It is said that Robert Burns stayed in the Selkirk Arms in 1794 when he visited the Earl of Selkirk, and th1' i' where he wa' inspired to write the Selkirk Grace". Admittedly the compiler' of this booklet have struck a cautiou' note with "it is said", rather than being dogmatic about it. A large hoarding on the approach road to the town also advertise' the hotel and highlights Burns's composition of the Selkirk Grace there. In such a manner are myths created. A few miles along the road i' Gatehouse of Fleet and the Murray Arms Hotel wherein, according to the blue enamelled plaque above the door. Burn' compo,ed 'Scot' Wha Hae'. But that, as they ~ay, 1s another story ... Fraternal Greetings from Greenock Burns Club A Guid New Year tae ev'ry fiere But Scotia's sons have never kent May seas be calm an' skies be clear, A life o · ease and 5weet content. Be aye on coorse the barque you 'teer Wi' calloused haun \ an' shoot her' bent. Ower life'' fell deep, An' 'air bent broo, An' may nae rocks o' want or wae Tho · whiles they glanced at life asklent, E'er gar ye weep!! They wauchled through!

So, raise your glesse' an· your heart An' drink tae Rab, the better part! There's dule upon the banks o' Clyde. Wha scrieved wi' wit an' hope an' art Whaur 'keely man wad bigg wi' pride Through want an' pain, Tall ships that breested ev'ry tide, Ma brithers a'. du le will depart. The warld o'er. We'll rise again! Noo honest labour is denied. They bigg - no more! MABEL A. IRVING, M.A.

30 Robert iBurns ~cottish (Elarly IDircctcd by .Music

1·@13 OlGITAl

THE SCOTS MUSICAL MUSEUM

HAYD N BEETHOVEN WEBER HUMMEL KO/ELUCH

NIH GOV\

Scots songs collected and fashioned by Bums, and associated instrumental music, in settings by Oswald, Niel Gow, Stephen Clarke, Haydn, Kozeluch, Beethoven, Hummel and Weber.

CHANDOS RECORDS LTD. , CHANDOS HOUSE, COMMERCE WAY, COLCHESTER, ESSEX C02 BHQ, ENGLAND

31 Burns the Musical

It has been a life-long ambition of John number entitled ·vide Mare Portobello' Cairney to ~tage a full-blown musical - a hilarious ~end-up of all those Italian based on the life and works of Burn~. In tenors. The part of Urbani was taken by May he came pretty close to reahsmg this John Robertson, magnificent m his prin­ goal. cipal role of that slimy old humbug Willie Fisher. The Reverend Auld was sym­ During Glasgow's Mayfest John gave pathetically played by Tom McMillan as 'Burns - The Musical' an airing at the a foil to Ronald Morrison's role as James Burrell Collection. Before a distin­ Armour. These three were at their best in guished audience of the literati and the trio 'Rhyme~ and Jingles' - a lyrical glitterati of Glasgow, Cairney and his critique of 1the Kilmarnock Poems. company of players and musicians put on 'a contemporary look at the Robert The leading role~ were taken by Tom Burns story in ~ong'. John devised the McVeigh and Debbie Stuart, for whom performance and wrote the lyrics for the Cairney and Davidson had created some 15 songs whose music was composed and beautifully haunting songs. 'The Begin­ ably directed from the piano by Geoff ning of Forever', a duet for the lovers, Davidson. was followed by Touched You' and 'I Once Believed in Love' ~ung by Burn~ The action centres on the poet's annm alone. The closing number, sung by mirabilis - 1786 - and begins with Bonnie Jean, was 'Who Will Love Me in Burns in conflict with himself, the Kirk the Morning?' struck a poignant note. By and the Armour family. The story line contrast there was the pawky humour of follow~ the turbulent events of the spring the 'The Edinburgh Minuet' which satir­ and summer of that memorable year and ised polite society of The Enlightenment, culminates in the poet being lionised by and the uproarious 'Cutty Sfool Rag'. Edinburgh society. The musical, origi­ nally planned for two hours, was As I listened to 'Cutty Stool Rag' I crammed into 90 minutes, so inevitably could not help thinking of Scott Joplin, cuts had to be made in the script. Just the father of ragtime who made a fortune where the cuts occurred, of course, was out of his lively dance music - only to difficult to perceive, although Highland squander it in trying to get his ragtime Mary was conspicuous by her absence opera 'Treemonisha' on to the stage. Not and Clarinda was only touched on very until 60 years after his death was this lightly. On the other hand, Racer Jess ambition realised. I fervently hope that was given greater prominence than per­ John Cairney will not suffer the same haps that young lady ever deserved, with fate. 'Burns - The Musical' has had its more than a hint of amorous dalliance premiere, and it was rapturously received with Rab into the bargain. by a highly appreciative audience; but The only really outrageous tinkering unless the financial backing is forthcom­ with the tale brought in Pietro Urbani, ing it may never get beyond its present whom Burns never met until 1793 (and embryonic stage. It is sad to think that then at the Earl of Selkirk's house in St such a galaxy of talent, both the ~ingers Mary's Isle). In the muscial, however, he and the orchestra, not to mention all the bobs up in Edinburgh in the winter of hard work put in by John, who directed 1786. But this poetic licence is surely it, and his charming wife Alannah who forgivable, if only for the penultimate produced it, should go for nothing. When

32 one considers what succe~s Andrew Lloyd Webber has had with 'Cats'. Epilogue 'Chess' and 'Phantom of the Opera' among many others. it is ironic that a Since the foregoing was written, we are subiect as meaty and worthwhile as pleased to report that, thanks to generous Burn~ should have such a struggle for subsidies from Strathclyde Regional acceptance. Council and Kilmarnock and Loudoun It is all the more tragic on account of District Council. as well as sponsorship the melodic gems fashioned for this from The Glasgow Herald, John Cairney occa~1on by Geoff Davidson. It 1s to be was able to mount a full-scale production hoped that the performance is on tape at of his musical. now retitled "Scot Free," least. though it fully deserve~ publication which had a season in Kilmarnock, and promotion. And. it might be added. Glasgow and Irvine from 6th September John Cairney showed us yet another side to lst October 1988. of his talents that evening: he is no mean ver~1fier himself. It i~ nice to think that Reaction to this promising venture, something of Burns's genius for matching however. was very mixed. At one end of melody to lyrics has rubbed off on the the spectrum the general public probably man who played Burns on and off-stage hoped for a mu,1cal borrowing heavily on for so long. Thanh are due to Strath­ the songs of Burns him~elf - and were clyde Regional Council for their help, consequently disappointed that Geoff financial and otherwise, in making this Davidson had struck out along entirely 'one night stand' possible. It is now up to original lines. Some of the critics. on the the re~t of us to see that the musical other hand, savaged it. Joyce McMillan in becomes a practical proposition. The The Guardum grudgingly admitted that Scottish Arts Council are very generous the score "at best resembled a decent bit in supporting Scottish opera and ballet; it of Rodgers and Hammerstein," but then would be nice if they would be equally went on "elsewhere it ha' a na~ty Lloyd­ open-handed towards a production which Webberish ring to it." A shame that 'uch a would be genuinely appreciated by the brave attempt should ment ~uch a hy,ter­ people of Scotland a' a whole. ical outburst.

A rather pointed grace The Rev. Dr James Muirhead ( 1742-1805). minister of Urr, whom Burn' satiri,ed in the second and third Heron Election Ballads, could give as good a' he got, and is remembered for a very vicious lampoon of Burn,, inspired by Martial\ epigram on Vacerra. On one occa,ion Muirhead, having been invited to dine with the minister of Dalbeattie. was asked to 'ay grace. He delivered the following extemporaneous stanza: "Bies,, 0 Lord. these three small dishes, As Thou didst the loaves and fishe,. For if they do our bellies fill, Twill be a wondrou' miracle!"

33 Dumfries Burns Howff Club Centenary

" ... the Globe Tm·ern here, wluch for these manr vcars has been Ill\' HOW FF and ll'here our friend Clar/..e and I hm·c had many a merr.i· ~1·q11eezc. ·· · . - Burn' to George Thom:,on. April 1796

The Dumfrie' Burn' Howff Club is Continue on up the 'teep narrow absolutely unique in that it actually meet' staircase and you come to the top floor in a building which has strong personal and the 'uite of room~ occupied by the ties with the Bard - not iust based on Burns Howff Club. The'e consist of an vague tradition. but irrefutably atte5ted ante-room hou,ing the Club library. and by letters wntten from the~e. ver,es a large inner room which ha' been composed there and actually m'cribed on tastefully panelled. Down,tair,, to the the window-panes and, above all. several' right of the main entrance. i' the public reference' in the poet's corre,pondence. bar where the Club regularly hold' its of which the best-known i' that quoted Burns Supper and other function,. No above. What better te,timonial could the visiting speaker can fail to be moved at Globe Tavern ever have. than that Burm the thought of propo:,mg the Immortal should describe it m such warm term'? Memory in the very buildmg where Miraculously. the Globe retam' its old­ Burns relaxed in congenial 'urrounding,. world character to thi' day. and the A century ago. Dumfries boasted half snuggery on the left hand '1de a' you a dozen Burn' clubs. The number of enter the front door is still much as 1t was clubs has remained remarkably con,tant. when Burns frequented it almo't 200 although their names and c~)mposition year' ago. have changed with the passage of time. There i' the Dumfne' Burn' Club. of The 'moke-blackened panelling is course. formally con,tituted m 1820. original. and may date back to 1610 when although 1t could trace ib origm' further the Globe was establi,hed. The poet's back, to the informal dinner' of the favourite elbow-chair is 'till beside the Mausoleum Committee from 1815 open fireplace. Once cannot help exper­ onward,. The premier club in the burgh. iencing a frisson, sitting in tlie very chalf however, had alway' been rather 'elect. which Burns habitually occupied as he not to say elitist. ib membership drawn quaffed a convivial gla'' and tossed off predominantly from the profe,sional the odd epigram or two for the delecta­ classes. At the other end of the social tion of boon companion' like John Syme spectrum were the Queen of the South and Samuel Clark. Upstair' is the bed­ and Tam o' Shanter Burn' Club,. More room which Burn' often occupied when down-to-earth, perhaps. these club' were detained in town overnight by the late­ largely responsible for the erection of the ness of his Excise duties which prevented statue of Burns by Amelia Hill in 1882. him riding the 'ix mile' back to Ellisland, Then there were the Mechanics. the Oak and it wa' here that hi' a/faire, with and the Wale of Good Fellows Burm Helen Anne Park was consummated. On Clubs. the window-pane' he scratched hi' poem in praise of Polly Stewart of Closeburn These clubs flourished for a few year' and one version of the old 'ong "Comin around the turn of the century but are Thro' the Rye" which he had mended .. sadly no longer in exi,tence. In January

34 1889, however. a club wa' formed with Dumfries itself and throughout the reg­ the express purpo'e of holding an ion. The club often hosts partie' visiting anniversary dinner in the Globe, thu' the town. Many Burns clubs have taken paying tribute to the fact that it had been away happy memories of a visit to the - of all the many pub' in Dumfrie' - Globe and other Burns sites in and the one preferred by the poet. The around Dumfries where the Burns Howff guiding light was J. I. Beck. a dentist at Club extended their generous hospitality. 11 Irish Street, and he it was who The Club provides copies of the presided over the inaugural dinner on Chronicle for each of the secondarv Burns Night, 1889. The rather laconic schools in the di,trict. When the Co11;­ record of the club states that William plete Work.1 was publi,hed. it was the Kerr (a moulder in the High Street) and Burns Howff Club that generously paid Peter Robertson (draper) were the crou­ for the copies of the Sub,cribers' Ed1t10n piers. An excellent dinner wa; provided that were pre,ented to the libraries of the for the company of forty gentlemen by Technical College and each 'econdary Mrs Smith, the genial hoste,s, who was school in Dumfries. and the munificent for many years known as the "Mother of act was repeated last year in respect of the the Howff Club". Complete Letters. Would other clubs have Froms its inception the Burns Howff done half as much by way of emulation? Club drew it' members from every walk of life, sociali,ing in a completely relaxed The hundredth Burns Supper of the Club atmosphere, true to the prophecy of took place in January 1988. when Burns: the principal guest speaker was the noted Burns scholar "That man to man the world o'er, Shall James L. Hempstead of bnthers be for a· that." Dumbarton. Over the past century the club has secured the ~ervices Over the pa't century the Burn' Howff of ;ome very eminent men, and at the Club has played a role in the Burns moment Bill Sutherland. the Club's archivist. movement disproportionate to it' 'ize. is busy transcribing and editing Three of its members - M. Henry their pro­ posals of the Immortal Memory. McKerrow, H. George McKerrow and Provo~t Ernest Robertson - went on to The centenary celebrations got under become Presidents of the Burns Federa­ way after the AGM in April 1988 when a tion. Two others - David C. Smith and new presidential medal and chain of Donald Urquhart - have held high office wa' inaugurated. Commemorative office in the Southern Scotfoh Counties neck-tie,, with the centenary logo taste­ Burns Association ·and are currently fully woven in gold, have been produced members of the Executive of the Federa­ for sale to club members. along with tton. Past-president Jim Irving is cur­ centenary badges and tie-pins. A hi,tory rently curator of Ellisland. Few affiliated of the club wa' compiled by Bill Suther­ clubs did more to raise monev for the land and was published recently by Burns Window in St Giles Cathedral, Dinwiddie Grieve Limited. In addition, and it has been entirely due to the Burns a handsome eight-page brochure about Howff Club that the money has been the club f.sponsored by JCI pie) and a found to finance the matriculation of the centenary bookmark were presented to poet's arms. delegates attending the Burns Confer­ When the statue of Burns at Portpat­ ence in Hamilton, Ontario. rick was engulfed and damaged as a A Centenary floral display was result of a landslide, it was the Burns arranged through the local authority and Howff Club which came to the rescue and this eye-catching floral tribute may be had it restored. The Club play' a leading ssen on the verdant bank on the south­ part in the promotion of Burns. both in bound platform at Dumfries railway

35 station. The centre-piece of this garden A memorial plaque was placed in shows the Miers si lh ouette of Burns in Burns House. and memorial stained glas; purple-brown against a white surround. windows portraying Burns and Bonnie The Burns Howff Centenary inscription Jean were installed in St Michael\ is picked out in bright yellow on a vivid Church . In conjunction with TSB Scot­ blue ground. and the entire ensemble land. the club presented outdoor seats to became one of the leading tourist attrac­ Moorheads Hospital and the Robert tions during the summer of 1988. It was Burns Centre. An interesting display of hoped to have a similar floral tribute on club memorabilia is being staged in the the bank in front of Greyfriars Church . Centre itself. including badges. insignia. menus. toast lists and other ephemera. To mark its Centenary Year. the Club At the encl of May 1988 the club hosted sponsored a series of three open-air the Scottish Schools Burns Competition. Sunday afternoon concerts on the Mill Every other year the club hosts a Scottish Green. adjacent to the Robert Burns Night at the request of the Dumfries and Centre. On l 9th June the British Legion Galloway T echnical College. On this Band commenced the series, fo ll owed on evening the club entertains about forty consecutive Sundays by the Dumfries German students who are visiting the area Town Band and the Riverside Jazz Band. through a twinning arrangement. The The Centenary Year culminates with a close ties with Germany go back many grand banquet and Ball on 25th March years, and it is perhaps worth noting that 1989. when the Earl of Dalkeith and Sir a past-president of the club is Richard Hector Munro. MP will be the principal Wismach . a German who settled in guest speakers. Dumfries.

The Dumfries Burns Howjf Club 's Centenary Floral Tribute.

36 On 25th January 1989. the actual made much easier by virtue of the fact Centenary of the club will be celebrated that Burns is very much a living presence in the Globe Tavern. The event is being in Dumfries - and never more so than in marked by a souvenir envelope and the Globe where I like to thmk he pictorial handstamp. spom,ored by Gate~ enjoyed some of the happier moments in Rubber Company Limited. God willing. his declining years. I myself will be proposing the Immortal J.A.M. Memory that evening - an invitation which. I might add. I regard as a very Rabbie Burns great honour and privilege. Certainly. I (/) have the suspicion that my ta~k will he 0 ! Rabbie Burns, I love ye well, An' here's my hand upon it-- I shouldn' write so trivial, Burns - Alloway For you deserve a sonnet! Oh, ken ye whaur the bonnie Doan, I should write with more reverence I Ga.:s wimp/in to the sea, should be far more civil- Whaur saumon luk in waters broun, But if I tried By wooded Alloway? I know that I'd just end up writing drivel! Oh, sic a lovely scene was there, Twa hunner-odd year syne, (2) Auld Mither Nature vowed that here, You touch the heart strings:; 'er and She'd big her best-loved shrine. o'er, You bring the tears that flow . .. Close by a sturdy auld aik tree, Yoz. let our souls in rapture soar, She sawed an acorn smaa, Then drop us down below! And in the lawn earth, day by day, Has ever man so sad a song She watched the seed/in blaw. Poured forth? and thee so young! The years passed by, the sap/in grew, Such delicate, sweet dainties throng Till, whef1 the auld aik dee'd, Your deepest woes among . .. The young yin stood sae braw to view, Sweet bird, sweet bird, that you Owre aa the countryside. should fall So early to thy rest! - And mang it leafs the mavis sang, 0 ! would a Hand so merciful Wi monie a thirlin note; Had stayed thee in thy nest! And aa the hills o Ayrshire rang, 0 ! would thee aged grown, my lad. Through that braw mavis' throat. Like old John Anderson - Then milder thoughts And aye the tree ye might have grew bigger still, had, And spread it brainches fuar, An milder passions sung; Year eftir wondrous year until, Yet like thy rivers and thy It covered Scotland owre. streams That rushed so hastily, They said the win wad blaw it doun, Thee and thy quaint and glorious They said auld age wad sneck it; dreams, But still this grand auld tree growes on, Too, sought tempestuous seas . .. And deil the storm can wreck it. Brief life, dear life, and genius No mortal tongue can measure . .. And still on ilka leafy bough, Our Rabbie Burns has gie' er. us-­ The mavis spreads its wings; For aye a lasting treasure. And aa the warld is listenin now, M. B. Whitcomb, Til the sweet sang it sings. Somerset, Ca/ifornia.

37 The Brash and Reid Editions of "Tam o' Shanter" By G. Ross Roy

Our most recent information about the partnership ot James Bra~h and Wiiliam Reid comes from a paper which was publi~hed in Vol. 12 of Rffords of the Gla.1gow Bibliographical Society written by Jame~ Cameron Ewing. member of the staff of the Mitchell Library. Glasgow. and long-time Editor of the Burm Chro111clc. The title of the article is "Brash and Reid Booksellers in Gla~gow and their Collection of Poctrr Original and Selected". According to Ewing the partner~hip "appear, .. to have been founded in 1790 and was dissolved in 1817. In 1800 the firm pubh,hed A Catalogue of a Valuable Collect10n of Books, Collststtng of Upward of Ten Thou.1wul Volume.1 Oil the most Useful Branches of Literature, which are Oil Sale at the Shop 111 Trongate. By any standard of the day this would have made them one of the most important book-.hops in Scotland.

ODE TO LE!'LVWATER. ALO\V.'\ Y KIRX:;

OR ON Lt""en's bJnks, v.ii1!e free to rD\.T, Al\J tttfl('. the ri11al 1-•1;::e tu l•J1e, j_.J;',f O' S !L-1.\TTl.R.. I etn)'d riot the h~q11-*tl [v.J1n ThJt eHr trudc t\1' ..-\1 ..... ,ulio.11 pl..1n. Pur1.. Jl1lan1 1 1n 1\hulc tranlpircnt WJ\C A T.\.L!.":. ~fy )t.Lt'.fLl lin,t:::. I 11u1t tob1c; No turr1..1:t~ 1L1111 1hv iimptd lhng Lnu1:·t·,

Th:it l1\( di) WJ.rb:1., tJ ( r it~ bc-d, \V1d1 1\L1tt, r01111d, !'(lirl11d l'chl,ks fp1caJ, 'Vh1le, l·.,;;htly pui:.'J th~ kJ!v br.iud In n1~11Jtl::. l.lr:J.\l' Ill\ uy:1.d !luud. T l3 U R 0J S, Tht: fp11n~111:; uuut, 111 fped.l•J pride~ R 0 B E R

rfhc= fa}mon, 1\\0ll,tll\i of !hL tall_, THC .\\ilSlllRE rOET. Tht: nithkr::. p1k.L, 1ntt1't un w..ii; The til-1..r ed ,111d 111uukJ par Dt:\0lvt.1g tro1n th) p ireut l..i!..e, A_ d1.irrn111e; ma1.1.. t!1y vr,1kr::. m.tk~. By bow't::. ufh11,h, .111d ~ruV(::, uf pine,

\\1d1 l.,_:l,11illnL. 1 A•Hl ltnl~e~, flliw'r"! " \\· ,1r'(r I Ii·~ t ..i 't 1.' t r11th tliall rL ;d, 1 Stil! Ull tl.y ba 1k , ~o g.11ly ~r1..u1, " Ill 111 .. IL .. 11J .l«>li•c-r'· roll I d.. )i, «

f\by num'ro.:s l1u,L .. 1 • .i :1 ){_b be rl.t:.: \~'lidlH. 'tr (u l!r Hlk ~ .. 11 Ht 11 t I 11' "\1id \.t!E.~, Lh.t11ttng l,'t'r t\1L ;i.1il, Ur Cutiy '-- .. r~' r•n •u \ "ilr 11111,d, •• ] !.111\...~1t 111_.\ [,.,y tl1c- J ')• u\r dt ir, ! ],.._ j 1\ 11d Jht pl1t Id~, pt 1'111)'. 111 d,1!t' '"~::_~l·•~ .• ~Lf JJ.:..t"'_,,,,.,1.._,',(\t~,. ~-\:ul ;i :t.( nt f..11tb, t!i .. t 1.. •HJ\\::. 1.. > guile, .,. /\nd 111tlul~1y 1mhrn\\11't! l.4.1Lh t<>d; ...... , .... Aud hto11t::. rd\.h/J, ,wd !1.u1d~ p1l.p;a'~, ... PJ'li<. L\dl~ug::. th1..y i:11JuY lu ;;uo1.11I 1

l' IS I>.

State A

38 James Brash ( 1758-1831) was apprenticed or employed by the Foulises, Robert Macnair and James Duncan, until the partnership with Reid wa5 formed. There 1s conflicting evidence about Brash's interests - one source (at one time an apprentice in the firm) claiming him to be '"a matter-of-fact business man and altogether devoid of poetical sympathy", while David Laing claims that Brash '"contributed ~everal poems to periodicals issued at Glasgow between 1782 and 1827 ... and that po5sibly the collect10n of Poetry Original and Selected contains two or three pieces of his writing. 1 Another authority cited by Ewing claims that the poetry "contains many pieces of merit from the pens of both these gentlemen" referring to Brash and Reid (Ewing, p.3). William Reid ( 1764-1831) served in the Andrew Wilson type-founding firm and was later apprenticed to the booksellers Dunlop and Wilson of Glasgow. There is no dispute about Reid's rhyming abilities, although there does not appear to have been any collection of his poetry issued. Like most of the poems to be found in the Poetry, those by Reid are unattributed. In the first number of Vol. 2 of this collection we find his '"Monody on the death ot Robert Burns" which begms: Melpomene, thou mournfu' muse, Dinna to aid me now refuse, My paper mony a tear bedews, My heart's like lead, Now while I write the waefu' news, That Robin's dead. and so on for twenty stanzas. Reid also liked to make additions to current songs. "The Lea-Rig", by Robert Ferguson, originally contained two eight-line stanzas, but as published by Reid in Poetry the song contains an additional three stanzas. Reid also worked over Robert Burns: in Vol. 1, No. 13 of the Poetry we find "John Anderson, my Joe /sic/. Improved" expanded from Burns's two stanzas to eight. Apart from a few, not very important textual changes to Burn's stanzas, Reid's '"improvements" consist of stanzas 1-5 and 7, leaving Burns\ contribution pretty well lost in stanzas 6 and 8. The Revd. P. Hately Waddell, in writing about the friendship between Reid and Burns, says, "Burns afterwards honoured Mr Reid not only with his correspondence, but with permission to make additional verses to some of his own songs- 'John Anderson, my io', for example 2 ... ", but, a5 Ewing suggests (p.5), "it is as inconceivable that Reid should have the hardiesse to ask, as that Burns should have given, any such permission." Accordmg to Waddell, Reid's correspondence with Burns perished in 1831. What cast doubt on this story is the fact that not only do no letters from Burns to Reid survive, but he is never mentioned in any of Burns's letters, nor does his name appear in James Currie's list of letters to Burns, over 300 of them. It was probably Reid who thought of issuing poetry in eight-page numbers, sold at a penny, the first number appeanng in late 1795 or early 1796. When twenty-four numbers had been issued, an engraved title-page and another eight-page number - containing the title and the publisher's 1mpnnt, a note to readers, and table of the contents of the various numbers - were printed. For the first time the engraved and printed title-pages bore the general title Poetry Original & Selected. Claiming that the numbers were originally issued "without any view of forming a Collection" the editors promised further numbers. They were true to their word and three more volumes, each containing twenty-four numbers, appeared. The fourth volume was announced in the Glasgow Courier on 15 December 1798, by which time 265 poems had been published. The Preface to the fourth volume said the same thing as had appeared in the fir5t three Prefaces, and more poems were promised. In fact, only three more of these chapbooks were pubbhed, probably in 1799. A new volume of twenty-four numbers was issued, however, containing these three chapbooks

39 and reprints of twenty-one other~. There were other re-1,~ues too. but these need not concern us here. During all of this time, Brash and Reid continued to advertise m each of the separate volumes that individual numbers were to be had for a penny. Complete seb of all 99 chapbooh are now extremely rare. and were described as "'carce" in a tribute to William Reid in the Scots Times (Glasgow) on 29 November 1831 (Ewing. pA). I have not heard of a complete set offered for sale in the past thirty and more years. Naturally the more popular numbers of Bra~h and Reid\ collection had to be reprinted sooner and more frequently than the others. One of the'e (the third number in Vol. I) was Burns's "Tam o' Shanter''. Ewing speaks of "at lea,f' three is~ues (p.8). but I have identified six. The variants fall into two groups: one in which the fir,t word of the title is spelled "Aloway," whereas in the other it is "Alloway." It i' tempting to speculate that the misspelling 1s the fir't 'tate, which was repnnted before the mistake wa' noted and corrected, but as no collection of the'e pamphlet~ which I have examined can with certainty be identified a' continuing the true first state of all these chapbook,, no ~uch claim can be made. 'Tam o' Shanter," it will be recalled, was fmt published m The Edinburgh Herald on 18 March 1791, and later that year m the work for which it was wntten, Francis Grose·~ The Antiquities of Scotland. When William Creech brought out an expanded edition of Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect in 1793 the poem wa' added to the Burns canon. From the beg.nning 1t ha~ been one of the poet'' most popular work,, vying with 'The Cotter's Saturday Nighf' as the poem mo't frequently pubh,hed in separate form.

ALLO'\VAY KIRK; ALOWAY KIRK; i l OR 0 R, ' 'T,/.1[ O' SIL·!NTER. TAM O' S HLl.NTER. I ·'··· - ,\ TALE. A ,TALE. I I

' ~ ) I I J DT I •- D y i R 0 B [RT BUR l\" S, R 0 B E R T B U R N c;, THE '11Url1RE rUET. THI> J.JRSrllRI> rorT.

·• \\ h \c'~r ihtJ c:i:;: o' 1r.:·l1 1'11 111 r d, " Ilk,'\, n 111.! 111uthcr', (011 t d. h,,J 1 " \Vhae'i:r this t::.lc o' tr~:h t1nll reJJ, " \\ ' :11~ '<"r t.i Dr nlic )''~r Jc:u-: "Remember T.\~I o' S11ANT&1t'• ;\I.\Rlt.

+ ... + ......

State B Stale D

40 We know comparatively little about the printing and publishing of chapbooks in Scotland m this period. Many of the chapbooks in the Brash and Reid series were printed by Robert Chapman or his successors Chapman and Lang. Ewing points out (p.2) that Brash and Reid have been described as printers, but this is an error; in their earliest known advertisement (in the Glasgow Merrnry of 8-15 June 1790) they describe themselves as "booksellers and stationers" and when the firm was dissolved in 1817 they still referred to "the bookselling and stationery business" which they carried on. We cannot from this evidence be certain that Chapman and Lang did all the printing of the chapbooks in Poetry Original and Selected, but theirs is the only printer's name which appears on any of the numbers. The two variants with the title-page A/away Kirk have a similar layout ot the title-page, but it will be noted that the type size varies slightly and the length of the second diamond rule in state A 1s 47mm long, whereas it is 3lmm in state B. No priority of publication can be assigned. I am tempted to assign the next printing to the copies with four lines of asterisks at the bottom of the title-page. This variant also exists in two states. The first (state C) has a title-page which is slightly more compact, the height between the bottom asterisk and the tops of the letters m the first line being about 120mm, whereas in the other state (D) the distance is about 125mm. The ea~iest measurement to use in determining which of these

t 8 ALLOWAY KIRK; '. ODE TO LEVEN WATER.

OR Q N Lcvcn'1 bmks, w1ule free to rovC", And tune the run.I pipe to lave, I cnvy'.i not the h:ipp1dl fwai.n T..dAf O' SHANTE!?.. Th.l.t ever trode th' Arcaai:rn pb1n.

Pu.re ftrr.iml in whofc tnnfparcnt 'l't·ln A TALL My youthTul hmbs I went to bvc; No tornm~ lh.cn thy limp.d fourcc, :-:o rod.• impede thy dimpling c:oorii., Thu fy, cctly warbles o'er its bed, DY '\\'1:h ~btt:, round, pold'h.'d pebble\ fprcJ.J; W!nlc lightly pon'J the fc.1.ly hrood In niyn uls de ave thy cryfh.1 flood. R 0 n E RT nu RN s, The fpringmg trout, in fp..:ckl'J pnJ~; THE A\RSHIRE p0[T. 1. he fa!mon, monarch of th..c Ude; The nnhlds pUc.c, intent oo w;;u-, • The filvcr eel and mottled par Dcvolvmg from thr parent bkc, 4 , ,. charm mg m.uc thy wucn make, • \\"h~c'cr rho t"I.. u' 1ru1h fh.:11 r\.:l...!, By bo...,'rs of birch, :i.rd grOTes of p1r:: .. I!';. :u.in and n•o•hn't fon t.ik l1l.1l And bed.get f!.o\\ 'r'd with eglanunc. .. \\.h:111\.'\.1 to Unnk )DU :!.re Wllln'J, ·• Or Cutty !) .. rk~ nu 111 your mu;d, Sr1h c:i thy b.mks, fo g:uly green, •• '1 h1nk-yc m•y buy the J0!5 o'u dc:ir; :\1.iY nu!T'.'rou" herds .nd floclu be f.:c::, ., Rcm~n:blr TAM o' S11ANTr:11.'i ~.!.\1.r:, .t~.c.: bfi'cs,-cA...iclcg Q'a ~c p.w.I, An..d ~~n...Td&, piping JD. u.c- da!c; And aM1ei:n: bith, that knows i:o ,l'I~...... AnJ 1'..;!uflr,11m.r"O'Wn'd with (011; And hcin~ rcfolv'd, and h.ands prcp.ar'.L ! The bl:'!ir.g\ they CO JOY to gu.u-C I FINIL

l-~-- State C

41 .., ~., ¥ AL L 0 WAY K I R K; • QR ' TAM O' SH.ANTER·

R 0 B E R T E V R :.l S,

THE AYkSHIR.E PO[T.

« \Vhac'cr th s tlk o' t'1Jth fh.o.ll read, "Ilk m:m :rml mother'~ fo'I t:ik l1eed· u \Yh;ine'cr to Dnnk }OU :ire indm'd, u Or Cutty Sarks nn m rour mind, "Th1nk.-\e m;;n· buy the JOl"~ o:cr clL.v," •• RrmcmbcrTAM o'StU"iTER s Md.!l;E.

...... ______.._...._....._....,.. ' -- State E

states a copy belongs to is the distance between the two diamond rules: in C it is about 29mm, whereas in D it is about 35mm. Internally these states are very similar, and it is possible that an adjustment was made to the title-page while the type was still in the forme, although why a printer would have done this is certainly not clear, given that the two title-pages are virtually indistmguishable. The title-page variant with the flower basket (state E) was probably not issued before the printing of Volume 4 [ 1798?]. We find the flower basket on the title-page of No. 17 of that volume, The Pillaged Linnets, but not, apparently, before that number. There is also a flower basket at the bottom of p.5 of No.8 in the unnumbered volume which contains the three new chapbooks. This number is a reprinting of Rab and Ringen, which first appeared as No.6 in Volume 1, but without the basket. What would appear to be the final state (F) of the six title-pages noted here is the only one which contains the name of the printer as well as that of Brash and Reid. This state appeared as No.3 in the supplementary volume - oddly it was also No.3 in Volume 1. What points strongly to this being the final state of what was obviously a very popular chapbook is the quotation from "Tam o' Shanter'' on the title-page which consists of the six final lines of the poem. In states A through E the first quoted line reads "Whae'er this tale o' truth shall read" where as the reading in state Fis "Now, wha thi~ tale o' truth

42 shall read". Internally all copie' read "Now, wha ... "I can fmd no textual authority for the variant "Whae 'er," either in manuscripts or early printings of the poem, and one can only ~urmise that, like the mistake in the ~pelhng of "Alloway", typesetters copied the mistake from one ~tate of the title-page to the next until it was finally corrected in state F. There i~ another way in which state F differs from states A and E. In all ~ix states the final six lines of the poem (the moral, so to speak) 1' set off a' a new section - there 1,, of course, textual authority for thi~. However. in A-E the Imes are set in italics, whereas they are not in F. Given all of the'e difference,, I thmk that the strongest case which can be made for the order in which the'e six variants appeared is that F wa' the final one in the series.

8 ) A L L 0 W A Y K I R K; Triumphant virtue all around her dart!, And more than volumn ~ery look imparts; Lonk11 t-roft, yet. wful, melting, yec fe'vc:re, o~ Wht"re both the mother and the faint appur. Bui ah 1 th:it night-that tort'ring: night rem1ma,;.~ T AAf O' SHA NT ER. May darknefs dye ll wilh 1u deepdl fi..lms, f~ Mav JOV on it forfake her rnfy bow'n, _, A 'rALE. And ll:reamin~ farrow bb.fi ns Lia.!dul hours! \\~hen on the ~argin of thl:' hrmy flood, Ch11l' Dt'vour'd ::.t nnC'c by the relc:nt1efs wave, An01csof death! I ru~ h·r tlJrO. lht" bldl apartments rove, And now {h..- ffif't''S her du1.r c:xpdl:m~ loft'. Ht'art t"~fin~ fi~ht 1 if not in p;:i,rt o't'1fprt;.d, By tl1t: d.urp t-:1,~o';"l cf t:rid'~ un{ hc:ar[ul fhJ.dc:, Eut i:ound me:, Lg!lt • Lt this rc:fldbon po.Jr, ~\' ~\ jFHOVt.Hjb1r/1rbtr11tfwJy,.;fuJ~, ti ~i: \Yho knm the: m;;ht ('()mmanch the: 1h1111Jlg day, GLASGOW: l,. :' ~~:·. :·.:~ ;;; ·~: ...... '~. P~IP'TED BY CHAPMAN & LANC, For Bra!h & Reid.

State F

Two other chapbook~ exist which were printed at about the same time as the above. Because I do not believe that they were part of Brash and Reid's Poetry Original and Selected I have labelled them X and Y. The first of these has a drop-head title, but does not have any indication of what firm printed or published it. Brash and Reid did on a few occasions issue long poems with drop-titles (Lenora, translated from Gottfried August Burger, and Allan Ramsay's The Monk and the Miller's Wife to name the two best known examples) but they always included the name of their firm either on the title-page or as a colophon.

43 ALOWAY KIRK; .. - , · , ' - ';. · i : ~, ~ r ·, ·, · .,... ~ · ALOWA:Y .KIRK;'-·. "':. 0 R, ..... ~-< ' '. > ' ' ' '. •', TAM 0' SHANTER. , ... ·,;. ' . ~ - ' 'IAMO' SllAN'TER; A TA LE.

.A-1T ALE. .. ., ' .. - BY ROBERT BUR'.'IS, __ THE ATRSHIRE roET. ,;,, DY_.ROB~RT BURNS,~·: .

i • TlfE .J.YR.SHIR.E POU~. - HAN chapman billies lc1Ye the fl:rec:t, W And drouthy neebors, neebors meet, •I ' - • • .'.,. '~' J As market~d..ays a!e wearing btc, And folk begUl to tak. the g:ite; "AH TAM; ah TAM!'tho;1'll C3ti:iliif;min&!· While we fit bowfing ot th~ nappy, '• In hell they'll roafi thee J1ke a hcrrms ! - '. ' • And getting fou, ond unco happy, " In Yam thy K,\ TE 3Wl1U thy lOm:ni: ~ : •: ' • ! We think na on the lang Scots miles, '.' !-:.\TE foon wlil Iii: :i. w:cfo' "om~n ! l ! The molfes, \":aters, fl::ips and fule!I, 'Th::it he between ~s an-> )t >--•·r•l•..,..,'._ Gathering her brows like g;ithenng O:orm, Nurfing her wnth to keep it w;i.nn.-

State X State Y

Copy Y is also excluded as a Brash and Reid publication (although the title-page was perhaps set from a Brash and Reid original, hence the incorrect spelhng of the word "Alloway") because the layout is so totally different from any Brash and Reid chapbook. Furthermore, if we allow that the incorrect spelling on the title-page was founded on early states of the Brash and Reid chapbook, it seem~ highly improbable that the ~ame firm would alter the epigraph on the title-page in one issue and then return to the six Imes to be found on all other states. There remams the possibility that Y pre-dates A, but if so no set has ever been found with this issue bound in as a part of a volume of Brash and Reid imprints. Finally, the \\ant of a publisher's name would appear to rule this edition out as coming from Brash and Reid. There may have been other variants of Tam o' Shanter m the Brash and Reid series. Certainly this title must have been the most popular, but several others were republished at least once. A detailed study of all the numbers of this popular collection is in order; so, too, is a comprehensive checklist of Scottish chapbooks. Either would show us that there was a great appetite for poetry and prose among the humble people of Scotland in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The information I have presented on these variants of 'Tam o' Shanter'' is based on copies in the Mitchell Library (Glasgow), the National Library of Scotland. Glasgow University Library, the Library of Congress, and my own collection. I am grateful to the institutions named for furnishing photocopies of their holdings.

'Quoted from James Cameron Ewmg. "Brash and Reid Book,ellcr' m Glasgow and their Collecllon of Poetry Original and Selected," (Glasgow, 1934). pp 2-3. Th" work 1s reprinted from the article a' 1t appeared m the Records of the Glasgow B1b/10graph1ca/ Soetety. Suh,equcnt reference' will appear m the text 2P. Hately Waddell Life and Works of Robert Burns (Gla.1gow, 1867). Appendix, p uxvm

44 No ordinary man

Dr Jim Currie (leji), Dr Gram MacE1va11 (ce111re) and John Doble (British Consul-General) at the Calgary Burns Night, January 1988.

Burnsians who attended the Conference in London ( 1979) or Burns functions in Calgary, Alberta could not fail to notice Grant MacEwan. For one thing, he towers head and shoulders over most people; for another he has a commanding presence and an alert manner which belies his 86 years. Within the Burns movement he has been a renowned speaker, much in demand at Burns Suppers, for upwards of half a century. The Patron of the Calgary Burns Club, he is also an Honorary President of the Burns Federation, an honour conferred on him in 1979 when the Conference was first held in Canada. At that Conference Dr MacEwan charmed everyone with his opening speech. In January 1988 I delivered the 'Immortal Memory' in Edmonton, the capital city of Alberta, to the Edmonton Scottish Society at their Centre, entitled Grant MacEwan Park. A fine oil-painting on the wall portrayed the man himself, in the gold-braided Windsor uniform of Her Majesty's Lieutenant Governor. Two days later I had the privilege of meeting Grant MacEwan in the flesh , at the Dinner of Calgary Burns Club. He spoke for ten minutes, without notes, and extensively quoted from the Bard . I doubt if there are many speakers who could do that, and keep their audience enthralled. This extempore performance got a well-deserved standing ovation.

45 John Walter Grant MacEwan, as his name suggests, has pure Scottish blood in his veins, but the Grants and the MacEwans from whom he has sprung were settled in Canada for several generations. The Grants came from the Maritimes, where the Scottish heritage is very strong to this day, while the MacEwan~ hailed originally from Guelph, Ontario. Grant MacEwan's grandfather George MacEwan was born in Buchlyvie, Stirlingshire. In 1868 he married Agnes Cowan whose family claimed relationship with Sir Walter Scott in their lineage. Thus Grant can claim kinship with at least one of Scotland's great literary figures. His life-long love of Burn~ was inculcated by his father Alex and some of his earliest memories are of Alex reciting the poems of Scotland's Bard. Alex MacEwan married Bertha Grant and they ~ettled in Manitoba

46 election m the ~ummer of 1926 when he served a~ agent for the Liberal candidate for Melfort, who trounced his Conservative opponent. This was Grant's first taste of politics. For a time he worked on the family farm, but his heart was set on a career in agriculture. In 1927 he was offered a fellowship at Iowa State College. In Des Moines Grant heard the celebrated evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson, and perceptively recorded the incident in h1~ diary. In July 1928 he wa~ appointed assistant professor at Saskatchewan University. Aside from a very full academic routine he enjoyed riding - his horse Laddy wa~ the first palommo ever regi~tered in Canada - and also coached the Agro basketball team. It was m Saskatoon that he made time to develop his social life. Significantly the local St. Andrew's Society and Burm Club began to play important parts. Grant MacEwan soon made a name for himself, both for playing the bagpipes and for his Burns recitations. In July 1932 Professor MacEwan visited the land of his forefathers for the first time. Glen Urquhart, whence hi~ great-great-grandfather James Grant had gone to Pictou, Nova Scotia in 1773, made an indelible impression on him. In 1935 Grant married Phyllis Cline, of Penmylvania Dutch descent. Her ancestor~ were among the United Empire Loyalist~ who fled the infant United States to ~ettle in the Niagara peninsula. She herself was born in Hamilton, Ontario. Despite drought and Depression, the MacEwan~ managed to cope in the lean years of the Thirties. In 1936 Grant wrote his first book, co-authored with hi~ colleague Professor Ewen on the science and practice of animal husbandry in Canada, soon regarded as the standard work on the subject. In 1939 they produced their second textbook, General Agriculture. Daughter Heather wa~ born m the summer of 1939. Too old to enlist, Grant spent the war year~ workmg for maximum food production, adding service on a wide range of war committees to his increa~ed academic workload. In spite of the huge amount of extra work, he still found time to write a book on breeds of farm live~tock in Canada ( 1941). In 1942 he added the management of the Saskatoon Exhibition to his multifarious duties. In 1944 Grant was approached by both Conservatives and Liberals about takmg an active part in Saskatchewan provincial politic~ but declined all offers at that time. Instead he remained in the groves of academe, and in 1946 wa~ appointed Dean of the College of Agriculture at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg. Although he continued to say no, the politicians would not leave him alone. At a by-election in Brandon in April 1951 he stood as the Liberal candidate, but was defeated. A~ a political candidate, he had had to resign from his University post. and now he found himself out of work. For a whole year he was, quite literally, in the wilderness. He was pipped at the post for the job of managing the Calgary Stampede. Had he got it, his career would have taken a quite different cour~e. Instead, he got a job as a journali~t on the staff of the Western Producer. An epidemic of foot and mouth disease, however, led to Grant being appointed General Manager of the Council of Canadian Beef Producers, based in Calgary, Alberta. Again, he was approached about participating in civic affairs and in 1953 was elected to Calgary city council. In 1955 he rehnquished his JOb with the Beef Producers Council to devote more time to civic duties and writing. In the provincial elections that June Grant won a seat in the Alberta legislature at the 21 st count! This and many other hair-raising experiences were later distilled into a humorou~ book entitled Poking into Politics. He continued to serve as an alderman in Calgary while taking part in the provincial parliament at Edmonton. Although he was an active member of both bodies he continued to bear a heavy programme of research, writing, judging and many other outside activities. He wrote several best-sellers and eventually became the leading author on Western Canada. He became president of the Calgary Men's Canadian Club, and later vice-president of the

47 national organisation. He was a director of the Toronto Royal Winter Fair and a director of a farming equipment company. In 1958 he became leader of the Liberal Party in Alberta and leader of the Opposition in the provincial parliament. A pres~ relea~e described the new leader as 'a lean and lanky westerner'. This became transformed into 'a mean and cranky westerner' in the main Conservative newspaper. Sad to relate, the Alberta Liberals were all but annihilated in the general election ot 1959. In his own constituency Grant MacEwan came third. after the Social Credit and Conservative candidates. The consensus of opinion wa~ that MacEwan wa~ too nice for party politics and lacked the ruthless killer instinct that 1s the characteristic of the successful politician. Oh. how very true! Instead, he concentrated on Calgary civic politics and topped the polls. In the ensuing years more books and countless articles came from his prolific pen. He wrote a regular column for the Calgary Herald and had his own radio series. In 1963 the Liberals swept to power in the Canadian federal elections. One of the successful candidates was Harry Hays, mayor of Calgary, who resigned his civic po~t. MacEwan was named mayor in his place and triumphantly consolidated his pos1t1on in the next civic elections. He demitted office in October 1965; but shortly afterwards wa~ appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Alberta. As the Queen's representative MacEwan travelled all over Alberta in the course of the ensuing decade. In June 1974. at the age of 72. he retired from the governorship. He had received doctorates from the umversities of Alberta (Edmonton). Brandon, Guelph, Saskatchewan and Calgary. A conservation award was instituted in his name; a community college in Edmonton and a student centre in Calgary were named in his honour. In 1975 he received his country's highe~t accolade. the Order of Canada. His outstanding achievements as a writer on western Canadian subjects were recognised in 1966 by the Historical Society of Alberta. In the same year he was given the Award of Merit by the American Association for State and Local History for his 'exceptional contributions to the field of western and agricultural history'. Raised in the stern Calvinistic faith of Scottish Presbyterianism. he wa~ later repelled by sectarian bitterness. Over the years he dabbled in ecumenism before evolving his own very personal religious philosophy based on a belief in a God of Nature and the need for Man to leave this World in a better state than he found it. About this time he became a vegetarian - a 'space-age step for a man who has spent a good part of his life instructing in the proper raising of livestock for slaughter' as one writer has put it. I have to admit that vegetarianism is hardly a fashionable stance in such committed cattle-country as Alberta. To a man who has received all the honours that his country can bestow upon him, 1t might seem that anything else would be of little import; but in 1979 he was made an Honorary President of the Burns Federation, and this particular award is one which he values very highly. Grant was raised on Burns and the Bible, and I like to think that the oneness with Nature and Humanity as a whole which are recurring themes of Burns's poetry had as much of an influence on Grant MacEwan as the precepts of the Good Book. In Saskatoon, Winnipeg, Calgary and Edmonton, Grant MacEwan took an active part in the Burns, Scottish and Caledonian societies. In retirement he continues to reside in Calgary, whose Burns Club appointed him their Patron. I might add that this is no empty honour on either side. For his part, Grant MacEwan is a regular attender at Club meetings and Burns Suppers; for their part. the affection in which the members of the Calgary Club hold their Patron is genuinely and universally felt. Above all. it is his total lack of 'side', his quiet humour and down-to-earth affability that endear him to everyone. J.A.M.

48 William Corbet The "Steady Friend" of Robert Burns By James L. Hempstead

The person to whom Robert Burn' wrote more letter~ than any of hi~ other corre,pondents, wa' Mrs France' Dunlop of Dunlop ( 1730-1815 ). Following the publication of the Kilmarnock Edition in 1786, ~he took a keen interc't in the poet and throughout their long corre,pondence she became 'elf-appointed maternal adviser. confidante, critic and censor. She was particularly keen to advance Burns' position in life and from time to time offered him 'uggest1on' on po,s1ble future career'> At one stage she gave him advice on purchasing a commis,ion in the army, and later, 'he had the fanciful notion that he might become a professor of agriculture! More practical, however. was the influence she exerted on Burn''' behalf following his entry into the Excise. She enquired in a po,tcript to a letter dated l 6th February, 1790, 'Do you know a Mr Corbet in the excise? Could he be of u'e to you in getting on? Pray tell me.' Burns lost no time in replying. Four months in the service, riding around fourteen circuits on horseback, in all weathers, had no doubt convinced him that there were more rewarding and less ardous po't~ in the Exci'e. He had begun to reafae too that the farm of Ellisland was 'a ruinou' bargain', and that his future livelihood lay with the Excise. Hi~ reply left no doubt a' to his aspiration': You formerly wrote. if u Mr Corbet in the Excise could be of use to me. If' 11 is a Corbet who is what we call one of our General Supervisors, of w/11ch we have /Us/ two in Scotland, he can do everything for me. Were he to interest lwnself properlv for me, he could easily by Mart111mas, 1791, transport me to Port Glasgow, Port Division, w/11ch would be the ulwnatum of my present Exuse hopes. He is William Corbet, and has hi5 home, I believe, somewhere about Stirling The Corbet to whom Mr' Dunlop had referred, wa' indeed William Corbet. who then held the important position of General Supervi,or of Exc1~e for Scotland. His rise in the service had been meteoric. He was an expectant in 1772 when only '1xteen year' of age. Following a 'pell as 'upernumerary at Glasgow, he wa' outdoor officer at Dumbarton and Bon hill from October 1774 to July 1776, when he returned to Glasgow. He wa' officiating Superv1,or at Dumbarton from June 1779 to June 1780, again returning to Glasgow where he was appointed Examiner on 27th Augu't. 1783. He was promoted Supervi'or at Stirling on 24th June, 1784, and the following year he wa' entrmted with one of the pre,tig1ou' posts of General Supervi,or for Scotland. 1 In this capacity he was to prove a very good friend to Burns, especially in the cri,is which threatened the poet's position in 1793. When Mrs Dunlop wrote again on nth Apnl she disclosed her relationship with Corbet. 'I am glad to hear you "IY Corbet can do all you want as I once had an intimate connection with his wife. which by accident I hope just now to renew.' Three day' later he received another letter from her which seemed to dash all hopes of 'ecuring Corbel's interest. Obviou,ly she had lost no time in contacting Mrs Corbet a' the following pa"age from her letter shows, 'I have this very moment a letter from Mr' Corbet. in which she tells me her husband is soon to be taken from his present line to be appointed to a Collector's office.' Mrs Dunlop'' fears, however, proved momentary. While Corbet had indeed been named to 'ucceed to the more remunerative po,ition of Collector of Exci'e at Glasgow, it was not until 1797 that he took up the post. on the retiral of the previous incumbent.

49 On 28th July. 1790. Burn' wa' transferred to the Dumfrie' Third or Tobacco Div1s1on - a footwalk which relieved him ot the nece,s1ty of keeping a horse. It would not be unreasonable to assume that the tran,ter may have been partly due to Corbet'' influence. Apparently Mrs Dunlop did not let up tn her efforh to promote Burm\ prospects. She wrote to him on 5th Augmt, enclo,ing a letter \he had received from Corbet. It was not until October that Burns returned the letter with the comment. 'I enclose you Mr Corbet'' letter. I have not seen him but from the gentleman·\ known character for steady worth, there i' every rea:;,on to depend on h1' promi,cd friend,hip. ·While the contents of Corbel's letter are not known, it seem' fairly obv10u' that he had promised to look with favour on Burn'\ promotion to a Port Division. About this time Burns wrote direct to Corbet in re,pon'e to an invitation conveyed through Alexander Fmdlater, Supervi,or of Exci'c at Dumfrie,, and Burns's immediate superior. The letter is taken from Burns's transcript in the Glenriddell MS and dated by him as 1792, but it has been conjecurally dated October 1790, which 'eems to place it in a more logical chronological sequence. Burns wrote: Mr Findlater tells me that you wish to know fi·om my.1elf: what are my views m desiring to change my Excise Dii·ision - with the wish natural to man, of' bettering !us present situat1011, I hal'e turned my thoughts towards the practabilitv of gettmg into a Port Division - as I know the General Supervisors are omnipotent 111 these matters, my honoured friend, Mrs Dunlop of Dunlop, offered me to mterest you on my behalf. While Corbet may have promised to consider Burn' favourably, apparently he wa' not prepared to accept him solely on a friend's recommendation. Sometime in November he had a meeting with Findlater at Sttrling, when Burns's future was evidently discu"ed. Findlater wa' the one person Ill the Excise mo't qualified to assess Burns\ character and ability. Five days before Christmas he sent the followmg letter to Corbet. This letter help' to confirm that Burns\ letter to Corbet (quoted above) was written in October 1790 and not 1792. TO WILLIAM CORBET. ESO .. GENERAL SUPERVISOR OF EXCISE. STIRLING Dear Sir, Mr Burns mforms me that. in Con,cquencc of a communication between you and some of his friends. he ha' 'tated hi' ca'c to you by letter and exprest his wishes, on account of hi' family, of bcmg translated to a more beneficial appomtment; And a' at our last Interview at Stirling you hinted a desire of being certified of the propriety of his Character a' an officer of the Revenue, I 'hall, abstracted from every Com.1derat1on of hi' other talents, which are so univen,ally admired, in a few word' give you my Opinion of him. He 1s an active, faithful and zealou' officer, gives the most unremitting attention to the du tie' of h1' office (which. by the bye. is more than I at first look'd for from 'o eccentric a Genius) and, tho' his experience must be as yet but 'mall, he is capable, a5 you may well suppose, of atchieving (sic) a much more arduous task than any difficulty that the theory or practice of our business can exhibit. In short - being such a' I have describe - and, believe me, I have not "o'erstep'd the modesty of' trlllh - he i' truly worthy of your friendship: and if your recommendation can help him forward to a more eligible situation, you will have the merit of confernng an Obltgation on a man who may be con,1dered a credit to the profession. I am, Dear Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant, A. FINDLATER Dumfries, 20 December 1790

50 It wa' probably a' a re,ult of Corbet\ meetmg with Findlatcr that Burn., wa' able to say to Mr' Dunlop m a letter written m November, 1790, 'I heard of M • Corbet lately. He, m consequence of your recommendation, i' mo't Lealou' to serve me.' On 27th January 1791 Burn' wa~ placed on the h't of officers recommended for promotion to Exammer and Superv1,or. It 1' almo-;t certain that Corbet wa'> re,ponsible, followmg Findlater'' excellent reference. Appointment wa' then by seniority and it i' sad to reflect that when Burns died on 21 '>t July, 1796, he wa' but one year away from being promoted Supervisor at Dunblane. The officer 1mmed1ately below him on the li't, got the appointment on f ,t August. 1797 3 Corbel's name does not appear anywhere m the Burn,/Dunlop corre'>pondence until 3rd February, 1792, when Burns wrote: As to Mr Corbet, I ha\'e some faint hopes oj 1ee111g /11111 here tlm season: 1j he come, 11 will be of essential sen·1ce to me. - Not that I ha1·e any 1111111ediate hopes of" a Supervisors/up; but thrre is what is called, a Port Dii·1swn, here. and entre nous, the present 111c11111bent is .10 ohnoxwus, that Mr Corhet's presence will in all prohabfr send /um adrift 11110 some otha D1viswn, and 1nth equal probability will ji.r me in his stead. Towards the end of the same month Burm. wrote to Maria Riddell, mforming her that he had 'ju't got an appointment to the fir,t or Port Divi,ion, as it is called, which add' twenty pounds per annum more to my Salary.' Evidently Corbet had Vi'ited Dumfne' and, as predicted by Burn'>, 'ent the previou' holder of the Port D1vi'>ion 'adrift', and appointed the poet in hi' 'tead. Further corroboration of Corbet'' part m the promotion seems evident from a letter which Burns 'ent him in September. Apparently Corbet had written to Burn' and the following I'> an extract of the poet\ reply: , . . Never did my poor back suffer such scarification fi·o111 the scourge oj Conscience, as during these three weeks that your kmd epistle has lam br me unanswered . .. At last by way oj compronuse, I return you hy tlllS my most gratefiil thanks fRobert Graham of Fintry, one of the Commissioner' of the Scottish Board of Excise, whom Burns had first met at Blair Castle during his tour of the Highlands m the autumn of 1787. Graham replied with a kindly letter in which he tried to calm Burns\ fear' and also outlined the various charges that had been levelled against him. This was followed by a long letter from the poet an,wering the specific charge,. One passage is significant:

51 As to.REFORM PRINCIPLES, /look upon the British Constitlllion, as se/l/ed at the Revolution, to be the most glorious Constitution on earth, or that perhap.1 the wit of man can frame; at the same /l/nc, I think, and you know what High and distinguished characters ha1•e for some /l/nc thought so, that we ha1·e a good deal deviated from the original principles of' the Constitution, partirnlarly, that an alarming System of' Corruption has pcrrndcd the co11nect1011 between the Execwive Power and the House of Co111111011.1. Graham laid the letter before his fellow Commis~ioner~ and. although the above passage was no more than the truth, 1t 'eem' to have given 'great offence'. No doubt Graham interceded for Burn,, but the Board took a 'enou' view of the charge' and ordered William Corbet to conduct an on-the-~pot investigat10n. It appear' that the enquiry was conducted over a dinner table m company with Alexander Findlater and John Syme, Collector of Stamp' in Dumfrie,, and a close friend of the poet. In that pleasant !'.oc1al atmosphere Corbet could find no grounds for the charges, 'save some witty !'.ayings'. 4 Burm, however, m a letter to the Earl of Mar, revealed that: Corbet was instructed to document me - "that mv business was to act; not to think: and that whatever nught be Men or Measures, II 11•;1s for 111e to be silent and obedient" - Mr Corbet was likewise 111y steady friend; so between Mr Graham and 111111 I ha1·e been partly forgiven. It was most fortunate for Burn5 that Robert Graham and William Corbet 'tood by him throughout the crisi' and perhap~ 1t was due to their influence that no censure appeared on hi' service record. It i' almost certain that, but for them, the poet\ career in the Excise would have ended in 1793, and he might have suffered the same fate a' Muir and Palmer. 0 An article on William Corbet by Professor J. De Lancey Fergmon in the 1931 issue of the Burns Chronicle, contam' a number of inaccuracies. He sugge5ted that the Colonel Corbet, who took part m the Battle of Jer,ey in 178 L wa~ Collector Corbet who befriended Burns. He quoted, a' hi' "rnrce of mformation, the diary of Joseph Farington, RA, who recorded that he had dined with Corbet'' brother in Gfa,gow and picked up the following bit of information: "Coll Corbet ... was the Officer who succeeded to the command of the Troop' engaged in the bland of Jersey after Ma.ior Peirson was killed." The error was corrected by James C. Ewing in the Burns Chronicle of 1937, who proved conclusively that 'Coll' was an abreviat1on for 'Colonel' and referred to Colonel James Corbet, who at the time of the conflict in Jersey, was Captam m the 95th Regiment. In 1795 he became Lieutenant Colonel of the First Regiment of the Royal Glasgow Volunteers and the same year led hi' men in the bloodless Battle of Garscube. He wa' seventh laird of Tollcro'' (now a district withm the City of Glasgow) and elderly brother of Cunninghame Corbet, a Glasgow Tobacco Lord. An Excise Ages and Capacities Register for 1792, often referred to a' the 'Character Book', contains the following entry: 'Wm Corbet, General Superv15or; an Active good officer; age, 37; employed 21 year5; No. of family, 10'. This entry, alone, is sufficient to disprove any suggestion that he wa5 the officer who took part in the Battle of Jersey. In the same article De Lancey Fergmon stated: Some confuston has resulted from the fact that another man of the same na111e had an Excise appointment in the West of Scotland. This William Corbet, then Supen·isor of Excise at Dumbarton, on 26th February 1780 took part in a drunken raid on the lodgerooms of Dumbarton Kilwmnmg Masonic Lodge No 18; and probably II was this same Corbet whose death is recorded (in contemporary newspapers) as having occurred at Irvine on 28th September 1793.

52 It is clearly evident from the record 'ervice, already detailed above. that William Corbet. who i' the sub1ect of this article, wm, acting Supervisor at Dumbart~rn from June 1779 until June 1780. and it was he who took part in the raid on the local Mawmc Lodge. The service record of the other William Corbet 'hows that he wa' never at any tune stationed at Dumbarton. It 1s as follows - L1ghtburn 1778-1779. Dreghorn 1779-1784, Falkirk 1785, Irvine 1785-1789. Dumfries 1789-1791, Kilwmnmg 1791 until hi' death at Irvine in 1793." He and Burm, joined the Dumfries Excise Diviswn about the "1me time and he is mentioned in a letter which the poet sent to Alexander Findlater on 28th October 1789. 7 From a mmute of Dumbarton Ktlwinning Lodge No 18. we learn that the raid occurred on 23rd February and not 26th February. a' stated by De Lancey Fergu,on. Since the minute 1s the only evidence available, it 1s printed here in full: At Dumbarton, the Twenty 1ixth dar of Februar_\', 1780. Convened the Depute Master and a competent number of Brethren. It hai·ing been represented to the Lodge, that upon the 23rd inst., Willtam Corbet, acting Supervisor of Excise Ill Dumbarton, attendmg with some other officers of Excise, had, 111 searching the house of Thomas Philltps, attacked the Door of the Lodge and by force and threats used against the said Thomas Phillips' serving maid, actually gamed possession thereof and after ransack111g the different presses therein, had broke open or other ways wlfh false kevs, procured access to the private closet where the Box contaming the records and other papers belongtng to the Lodge lay; which Closet they also ransacked and went away leaving the same open and exposed to the public: - The Lodge, considermg tlus unprecedented conduct on the part of the said William Corbet and /us accomplices, are of the optnion that the same ought to be checked Ill future and for that purpose they unammously Agree and Resolve to prosecute him before the Sheriff of Dunbarton.1hire and authorise the Secretary to present a Complaint aga11Zst lum Ill name of the Depute Master and Wardens for the Masters and as representing the whole Brethren. Concluding against the saul William Corbet for such punishment as he shall think the saul offence ments. William Hunter DM8 In those days it 'eem' to have been the practice of Lodge 18 to rent a room in the house of one of its members. According to Donald Macleod in hi' History of the Castle and Town of Dumbarton, the Lodge had moved from hou'e to hou'e in search of suitable accommodation and had finally rented the upper storey of the property belonging to Thoma' Phillip' in the Cross Venne!. Phillip' must have been su,pected of some evasior. of Exci'e Duty, which obviou,ly warranted a search be mg made of his premise,. Whatever Corbet and his officers were looking for, a locked door would certainly increase their suspicion that something was being concealed ms1de. Under these circumstance' 1t is not surprismg that they forced an entry. That Corbel's action wa' justified is strengthened by the fact that no cenwre appear' agam't him in official Excise records. Where De Lancey Ferguson got the information that it wa' a 'drunken raid' is a mystery, as the minute of the meeting makes no reference to any of the Exc1,emen being under the influence of drink. Had this been the case it is almost certain that 11 would have been mentioned, as the mood of the members was obviously one of indignation and outrage at the violation of their lodgeroom. The decision to proceed with a court action against Corbet also indicate' how intense was their anger. It would appear that the action was never raised, as no mention is made of the incident in subsequent minutes, which seems to suggest that Corbet had acted within his powers and no case could be found against him. In 1788, when Corbet was General Supervisor. he wa' named at the trial of the

53 The Old Ex;·ise Ojfice. Chesse/'s Court. Ca11011g111e. Edinburgh i.fimn a dra11 •i11g by Bruce J. /-1 0111e). B11i/1111 1748 a.1111w1s1011 jla1s. 1hc b1uld111g Ill/er bern111e 1u1 ho1el. he(ore /Je111g 1akeu 01 •er br 1h e 5col//sh Excise. notorious Deacon Brodie. Some sources describe him as a ' friend ' o f Brodie. while 1 others speak of him as 'a connection·.' That they were on fri e ndly terms is certainly beyond dispute. William Brodie was a prototype of Dr Je kyll and Mr H yde. By day he was a respectable cabinet-make r. Deacon of the Incorporation of Wrights and much respected member of Edinburgh Town Council. By night he was a case-hardened burglar. incurable gamble r and frequente r of the city's low haunts. In his capacity as tradesman he was often employed by his fellow citizens to carry out repair work on their shops and houses. which enabled him to acquire a detailed knowledge of the interio r of each one. It also gave him an opportunity to take wax impressions of the keys of the premises which usually hung on the hook behind the front door. With duplicate keys it was easy for Brodje and his accomplices to carry out a numbe r of the fts from lock fast premises within the city. These crimes had baffled all attempts by the authorities to solve the m . due to the absence of clues and with no apparent explanation as to how the thieves had gained entry.

Emboldened by these successes. Brodie now decided on a robbery on the grand scale. The plan was to break into the Scottish Excise Office, then located in Chessel's Court . off the Canongate. To help him carry out this audacious raid he used his friendship with Corbet to gain access to the Excise Office. Evidence brought forward at Brodie's trial revealed that Corbet, who had his headquarters at Stirling. made a journey once or twice

54 Chesse/'s Court wday. The former Excise Office has been restored to its origi11al 11 se as dive/ling houses. (P/101ograph b.1· courtesy of S. G. Jack111a11. Edi11b11rgh.)

a week to Edinburgh for the purpose of depositing or drawing money at the Excise Office. Brodie made a point of meeting Corbet and accompanying him into the office. which gave the Deacon an opportunity to study the layout of the premises. Brodie also paid several visits on the pretext of enquiring for Corbet. and on one of these visits he managed to take an impression of the key of the outer door. which was hanging on a nail 111 nearby. It is well known how the robbery went badly wrong; how Brodie was caught and tried before the notorious Lord Braxfield. found guilty and publicly hanged. There is no doubt that Corbet was comple.tely innocent and unaware of Brodie's sinister intent. Like everyone else in Edinburgh he was taken in by the " respectable" Deacon.

William Corbet was born on 15th December 1755 . probably in Glasgow. On 18th May 1783 he married Jean McAdam of Kirkcudbright. by whom he had ten of a family. Three of his sons matriculated at Glasgow University; second son William in 1798; eldest son Peter in 1802 and third son Adam in 1804. Corbet was appointed Collector at Glasgow in July 1797 and held this post until his death at Meadowside. Partick on 16th September. 1811. He was buried in Ramshorn Churchyard. During his service in Glasgow he resided at 14 Miller Street . next door to the Excise Office which in 1811 was No 13. H e was a member of the Board of Green Cloth, one of the most exclusive of the many convivial clubs which flourished in Glasgow at that period. 11

55 Corbet was obviously an officer who wa' highly regarded by the Board otherwise he would never have risen from the lowe't rank to the post of Collector of Excise at Glasgow. probably the mo't important executive post in the Scottish Excise. It is an extraordinary feature of hts service that he received hi' first appointment at the age of 16; wa' acting Superv1,or at Dumbarton at age 24; promoted Supervisor at Stirling at age 29; became General Supervisor at age 30 and at age 42 wa' probably one of the youngest officers ever to be appointed Collector at Gla,gow.

He is best remembered, however. as the 'warm and worthy fnend' of Robert Burns; the man who gave him a helping hand to promotion and who remained his ·,teady friend' in the crisi' which threatened his career in 1793.

NOTES

John F Mitchell (comp ) - Card Index of Me111/Je11 of Sc ot//.\h Ent.IC' Depwtment. 1707-1830. Scott"h Record Office 2 J C Ewmg and Andrew McC.1llum - 'Robetl Graham (!2th) ol Fmtrv". B11r111 C/110111c/e, 1931. p :'12 3 John Sinton - B11n11. /:'n11e Officer and Poet. 1896, p )5 4 Robert F Fitzhugh - Rohen B11r111 the Man and the Poet. 1971. p 22n 5 Thoma' Muir. ,1 Ghl\gow advocate and Thoma' Fy,hc P.1lmer. a umtanan n11m,tcr from Dundee Both were prominent mcmbc" of a "ic1cty called Fncnd' of the People. 'et up m 1792. advocJtmg parh,unent.iry rdorm Mun wa\ \Cntcnccd on JJ...t Augu..,l 1793 to fourteen ycat~ tran..,portatmn to Botan~ B.iy on a ..,puriou.., charge ot 'cd1t10n Palmer 'uttered .t '1milar fate on I 3th September and "a' 'entcnccd to 'even ye.ir' tran,portat1on n. John F Mttchcll (comp.) op Cl/ 7 ClJrk Hunter - 'From Rotary to Robert Burn''. B11r111 Ch1on11/c. 1962. p 3 8 Minute printed by kmd perm"""n of Dumbarton K1lwmnmg Lodge. No IX. \\Ith 'pen.ii thank' to Mr J,1mc' Adie who undertook the re>earch 9 Kav" t:dmhurgh l'ortrmt.1 (Popular Lcttcrpre" Ed1t1on. 1885) Voll p 17n and Wilham Roughead - Nota/>le Swt11sh /'rw/.1-Deawn Brodic. I l/!ln. p 31 10 Wilham Roughcad. 1hul p 142 11. Jame' R AndcNm - Letter to Gllllgow Herald. 7th J,rnu.tl). 1930

A quaint epitaph Burn' wa' noted for composing witty epitaph,. and thi' wa' regarded as a minor poetic art form in the eighteenth century. The follow mg hne' appear on the otherwise plain marble tombstone of a priest in the churchyard of Ca5tle Comer. Ireland. "Here lies very gaily, the good father Haley. The Parish Priest of Ca,tle Comer, who never read a word of Homer, Nor minded earthly new,. but preached devoutly on the Jew,, Hi' appetite was orthodox .concerning bacon. hens and cocks, In fact, a' long a' he was able, he fought the devil at the table. And when he could not keep his seat he tumbled sooner than retreat, This good a po, tie took a colic which proved to be a dying frolic. And finding death was coming near he took a double dose of beer, He died - and graciou' Heaven be thanked - He got him,elf well signed and franked. And in the postbox safely thrown to Heaven he journeyed all alone, Where to arrive he cannot fail unle'' the devil robs the mail."

56 Ryedale Cottage By Irving Miller

• "',•'fff::.r.~;- .... ,,, ..... '• . ·~'." . ,

Ryedale Cottage, Truqueer

The very mteresting e''ay on John Schuyler De Pey,ter who commanded Lewar,, the friend and colleague of the Royal Dumfries Volunteers). Robert Burn,, featured in the Burns In tho'e days Ryedale Cottage was Chronicle (1988), brings to mind the quite a landmark and. indeed, 'omething charming little old-world cottage in Tro­ of a place of pilgrimage to Burnsians on queer Road, Dumfries in which he died. account of its connection with a family whom Burns held m such high e'teem. It Many were aware of John Lewars, but stood near Ryedale House, which was it was its connection with his sister Je,s1e the residence of John Syme. Fortunately which attracted visitors to the quamt the latter i' 'till extant, but it was with black and white cottage which was a great dismay that Dumfriesians in parti­ superb example of the old-,tyle architec­ cular and Burns1an~ m general learned ture of 'outhern Scotland. Je,sie Lewar' that 'Jessie Lewars Cottage'. a' it wa' will always be remembered fondly as the familiarly known. wa' about to be girl who tended Burn' during his last demolished. That was many years ago illness. now, and today the Wolsey Knitwear I can vividly remember Sunday after­ Company has its car park where Je,sie \ noon walh, in the early years of this cottage once stood. Thi' was only one of century, along Troqueer Road m Max­ many fine old buildings of hi,toric inter­ welltown. a' far a' the Colonel's Wood est which were demolished in the name of (itself named in honour of Colonel Arent progress.

57 Ellisland Bicentenary

Saturday I Ith June marked the 200th Jean. anniver~ary of Robert Burns entering hi~ "Truly, a~ hi~ father had done previ­ farm at Ellisland. The bicentenary of the ously in Alloway. the son was prepanng a poet's move to Dumfriesshire was appro­ happy fireside clime for weans and wife priately celebrated by a gathering of at Ellisland. Burns1ans at Ellisland Farm. In brilliant "If one cannot vi~uahse Burns in the sun~hine representatives of the Dumfrie~ construction of the farmhouse, then Burns Club~. the Burm Federation. the surely it needs no effort to a tune one's Ellisland Trust and the local authorities mind and watch him slowly pacing the gathered to witnes~ the unveiling of a banks of the Nith - a broad smile on his plaque at the doorway. by Sheriff Princi­ face and chuckling as he goes: that tale of pal Gillies. bogles and witches - the greatest day's Sheriff Gillies. in a brief speech of work in the history of the English welcome. confessed that he wa~ no Burm language, Tam o' Shanter'. scholar, but he appreciated the impor­ "If one desires to see Burns in his tance of Elli~land as a shrine to Burn~ians manhood, let him come to Ellisland. On the world o'er and said that the Trust behalf of the Burns Federation and my would endeavour to maintain Ellisland fellow Burnsians, I should like to thank and preserve its character. While he did you for having us here today. at thi~ not wish to see Ellisland turning into a delightful Bicentenary lunch. We wish commercialised tourist gimmick, he felt you all the luck in carrying on your good that there were perhaps ways of making it work for the future." more attractive to visitors and he accord­ To mark the occasion "Cutty Sark" ingly solicited ideas from interested Scots Whisky sponsored a special post­ parties which the Trust might seriously mark showing the Ellisland farmhouse, consider. with a suitable pictorial souvenir enve­ Afterwards, at a luncheon in the lope reproducing Faed's famous painting Station Hotel, Dumfries, Mrs Enez of Tam and Nannie on the key~tane o' Logan. President of the Burns Federa­ the brig. tion, responded to the welcome accorded A full-colour composite picture po~t­ to Burnsians by the Elli~land Tru~t. card is also now available at Ellisland. It "Every time I visit Ellisland." ~he reproduces the Nasmyth portrait, sur­ said, "I feel the poet's presence. There is rounded by views of the farmhouse. undoubtedly a strong aura of Burns granary, the poet's favourite walk by the everywhere in the farm. One has only to banks of the Nith and the figure of Burns turn a corner and in the mind's eye see sowing (in the granary museum). The the Bard at work - ploughing, harrow­ postcard was prepared by Dinwiddie 's of ing or sowing the seeds. Perhaps we can Dumfries, from photographs by Editor see him digging the foundations of the Jim Mackay. house shortly after he arrived here at The Tower Mint ha~ produced a Whitsunday 1788 - collecting the stones, handsome crown-sized medallion which seeking the sand, carting the lime and has the Nasmyth bust on the obverse and assisting and supervising his brother-in­ a view of Ellisland on the reverse, with law in the building of this sanctum lines from ·A Man's a Man'. The medal sanctorum, knowing that when 1t was is available in two versions, aluminium­ completed he would be joined by his bronze or sterling silver.

58 Joseph Hislop and the Songs of Burns By Malcolm T. R. B. Turnbull

Joseph Hislop ( 1884-1977) wa' born 111 Ed111burgh. 'ang a\ a chorister 111 St Mary·, Episcopal Cathedral and tra111ed a' a photoproce'' engraver This profe~sion took h11n on bus111ess to Sweden where his fine tenor voice wa\ di,covered and he became (m 1914-19) Scandmavia \ highe,t-paid opera 'inger. Hi' public work 111 promoting the song' of Burn' really began during hi' time with the Chicago Opera. ln his concert' he sang in 'ix European language\ but always included Scots 'ong,, whether ballads such a' 'Mary of Argyle· or 'election\ from Marjorie Kennedy-Fra,er\ 'Songs of the He bride'·. Almo't mvariably he included a Burn' song a' an encore. On 31st December 1920 he was the gue't star at the Clan McDuft Concert and Ball at the Second Regiment Armory Hogmanay. At the Concert Jh,Jop was introduced by Col. Walter Scott. Royal Tani't of the order of Scottish Clans. Scot,mcn from all over Chicago came to hear him 'ing 'My Juve i' like a red. red Rose' When h1' operatic dutic' in New York were over Hislop went on a concert tour of the USA and Canada: at the Grand Opera House in Hamilton, for example. he "1ng 'My Juve 1s like a red. red Ro,e'. while in Springfield. Mass .. he 'ang 'Of a· the airh'. At the New York Hippodrome he wa\ welcomed by one hundred pipers. created a 'cn\at1on and gave 'Auld Lang Syne · a\ an encore. The St Andrew Society of Kan"1' City arranged his concert at Convention Hall (which included 'Of a· the airb'): the Detroit St Andrew Society welcomed him on 2lst April while 111 Buffalo eight days later Jo,eph Hislop sang 'Of a' the airt,· for the Church Home's Benefit. I-fo final North American date was on 25th January 1922 when he appeared with the United Scotti'h Choir 111 a Burn' N1cht Concert at Winnipeg. ending with 'My love she's but a lassie yet'. Two more concerts in 1922 included Burn' 'ongs: at the Univer,1ty Hall m Oslo he sang 'My love she's but a lassie yet' on 23rd March and repeated the 'ong at the Queen's Hall. London on 8th May. In the following year came the first volume of special arrangement' of Scot' songs written for Hislop by the Edinburgh p1am\l/compo,er. George Short, who wa' to accompany him on so many occasions at the Usher Hall and on tours in Scotland: they included 'Sweet fa·, the Eve· and 'My love 'he's but a lassie yet'. The year 1924 saw the first of H1slop's contribution' to the annual Lumsden Scoh Festival held close to Burn' Night at the Usher Hall. The format wa' of three concert' - Friday evening. Saturday matinee and evening. On thi' occa,1on he "mg 'My Juve·~ like a red. red Rose', 'To Mary in Heaven' and 'Corn Rigs'. In December at the British Empire Music Festival 111 the Albert Hall - Hislop entertained with 'My love she's but a las\ie yet'. George Short brought out h1' second volume of arrangemenh dedicated to Jo,eph Hislop m 1925 ('The Deil\ awa· and 'Corn Rigs'); at the Lum,den Scots Festival 1-folop sang 'Of a· the airt'' and ·corn Rigs': during an operatic engagement m Bueno' Aire' in July 1925 he wa' warmly congratulated by the editor of the Engli,h-language new,paper The Standard: 'Our congratulations upon the reception that the public gave you and which 1s an honour to you and Auld Bonnie Scotland!' The following year ( 1926) was notable for Hislop 's concert in Stirling in February where he 'ang 'My love she\ but a lassie yet' in front of an old friend (Sir Harry Lauder) and for his appearance at the Welsh Eisteddfod in the Pavilion. Victoria Park. Swansea. In front of some 20.000 people Hislop included the same Burns song a' an encore to his

59 Joseph Hislop as the Chevalier Des Grieux in Manon at the Royal Swedish Opera. 1916.

60 operatic progamme. Another Lumsden Scots Festival in 1927 heard Hislop sing ·comin· thro' the rye' and 'Ye banks and braes· while. on tour in Australia during September. he sang a collection of Burns songs at Sydney Town I lall. following this with ·My love she\ but a lassie yet' in Adelaide Crossing to Auckland in New Zealand. Hislop was feasted by the St Andrew Society. sang 'My love she's but a lassie yet' and repeated this in Wellington. where he was welcomed by the chief of the Federation of Scottish and Caledonian Societies. Finally. in Salisbury. Rhodesia. on I 7th April 1928 he was piped from his train by the Calcdonian Society. having already appeared in Bulawayo. The Herbert Wilcox film The Loves of Robert Burns· was released early in 1930. A great deal of hope was placed on this early British talkie. Unfortunately. the research and script left a lot to be desired. and although Hislop emerged with his personal reputation enhanced (the sound-track being issued as very successful 78 rpm records) the film itself was a commercial failure - too Scottish for English audiences and not Scottish enough for the Scots! Joseph Hislop 's last world tour was in 1931: it began with the obligatory Lumsden Scots Festival. delighting Edinburgh audiences with 'Ye banks and braes'. ·of a' the airts· and 'Corn rigs'. then again in May at the Wanganui Opera House in New Zealand. In Dunedin (where he had relatives) Hislop was piped off the train by the Dunedin Highland Pipe Band and met by officials of the Scottish Societies. the Gaelic Society. the Otago Caledonian Society and the Dunedin Burns Club; in Wellington he was piped from his

Making The Loves of' Robert Burns al Els1ree S1udios, 1930.

61 The acc11ra1e death scene .fi-0111 Tile Loves of' Robert Burns. hotel by the Highland Pipe Band. His last Burns song in New Zealand was 'Of a· the airts· in May at the Theatre Royal. Christchurch. By July he was in Brisbane. Australia where he brought tears to the eyes of his audience at His Majestv's Theatre with ' My luve's like a red. red Rose'. In Perth . Western Australia. he said farewell with ' My love she's but a lassie yet' and repeated the song at his opening South African concert on I Ith October at Pietermaritzburg. This survey has not covere·d his many British or Scottish tours between 1920 and his 34 town tour of Scotland in April and August 1934, where Burns was always on the bill. But the Burns connection is not yet quite over: in 1973, after he had retired to Fife. Joseph Hislop made his only TV appearance in Scotland - on Grampian Television's 'Thompson at Teatime' broadcast on the eve of Burns Day (the highlight of which was 'My love she's but a lassie yet' sung by the 89 year old maestro) ; he had also by this time been made an honorary member of the St Andrews Burns Club. Among the 150 records Joseph Hislop made for H M V are the following Burns songs: ·corn rigs' ( 1924 and 1928). ' My love she's but a lassie yet' (1924 and 1928). 'My luve is like a reel. reel Rose· (1927). 'Of a' the airts' (1929) and 'Ye banks and braes· (1929 and 1930). Most of these songs can be heard on the currently-available double album issued by Rubini (RDA 010) which also includes other traditional Scottish ballads, songs by Marjorie Kennedy-Fraser, as well as a good deal of Joseph Hislop's operatic repertoire. A short biography of Joseph Hislop which includes the highlights of his career can be had in my recently-published book 'EDINBURGH PORTRAITS' (John Donald Publishers Ltd. Edinburgh. 1987).

Editor's Note: A new print of the film 'The Loves of Robert Bums', in which Joseph Hislop made his screen debut, was made recently and was screened at Filmhouse. Edinburgh on Sunday /Jth March 1988.

62 Robert Burns and Professor Stewart By John Strawhorn

In May 1986 the Ayrshire Federation of whose son Matthew inherited Catrine Historical Societies organised a confer­ from his granJfather. Another version ence on 'Robert Burns and the Kilmar­ (which I had recently from Professor nock Edition'. Material from my lecture Roger Emerson of the University of on 'The Events of 1786' is here supple­ Western Ontario) suggests that Matthew mented by information on Edinburgh­ Stewart got Catrine through his wife. Ayrshire connections gathered as Fellow who was herself abo a Stewart. daughter of Edinburgh University Institute for of Archibald Stewart, Writer to the Advanced Studies in the Humanities Signet, whose mother was an Aird. participating in the Institute Project on Whether by inheritance or purchase. the Scottish Enlightenment 1986. Professor Matthew Stewart acquired Nether Catrine, 'ometime after 1746. On I 3th October 1786 Robert Burns dined at Catrine with Professor Dugald Matthew Stewart. born in Rothesay in Stewart of Edinburgh University. That is 1717, a son of the manse. went to well known. But who exactly wa' Dugald Glasgow University as a student of Stewart who came to Catrine each divinity. was ordained minister of Ros­ summer? And how significant a part did neath on the Gareloch, and was married he play 111 Burns's career? in 1742. While at universitv. he had Since the 16th century the lands of excelled in the mathematics· classes of Nether Catrine had been occupied by the Professor Robert Simpson. continued h1' Aird family. In 1529 an Adam Aird is studies in the subject. making original recorded a' a tenant in Catrine of discoveries which he published in 1746 as Melrose Abbey, whose great Kylesmure a book of General Theorem.1. By chance estate extended from Tarbolton to Glen­ the chair of mathematics at Edinburgh buck. Around the time of the Reforma­ University fell vacant in that year, and tion many tenanb on church lands were Matthew Stewart was appointed profes­ able to feu their own farms and become sor. Sometime after that he acquired what were later known as bonnet lairds Catrine. which was a suitable residence - they owned a little land, but they were for the long summer vacation' from July not wealthy enough to afford hats. till November. William Aird had a charter of ownership This was a common enough arrange­ of Nether Catnne in 1593, and four ment. The Nobility had long had their generations later there was an Adam country homes and town houses. So had Aird. with two daughters baptised in judges, like Lord Auchinleck who 1697 and 1700. When this Adam Aird divided his time between Edinburgh and died. the estate passed to Matthew Ayrshire. University professors could Stewart, professor of Mathematics at afford to do likewise. Professor Robert Edinburgh University. Simpson of Glasgow had a house at West Kilbride. Robert Hunter. professor of According to one version (that given in Greek at Edinburgh. inherited his Paterson's History of Ayrshire) one of father's house in Ayr. In the same Adam Aird's daughters had married university his kinsman Andrew Hunter. Rev. Mr Stewart. minister of Rothesay, professor of divinity. owned Park in

63 Tarbolton, Netherwood in Mmrkirk, class fees) while the professor in retire­ Abbotshill in Ayr which he sold, and ment continued to receive the basic Barjarg in Dumfries which he purcha~ed. salary for the chair (which wa~ the usual giving him a choice of holiday homes. practice). In 1778 to his two classes m Even closer in Sorn was the e~tate of mathematics. Dugald Stewart added a Dalgain. This was purcha~ed by 01 new course in astronomy, and m the Alexander Stevenson. who in 1766 was absence of Professor Adam Fergusson appointed professor of medicine at Gla~­ (who was on a government mission to gow University. This Alexander Steven­ America) took on hi~ class m metaphysics son ( c.1725-1791) was the second son of - at only four days' notice. At the end of an eminent Edinburgh physician; his that session. he was so exhausted that mother was the daughter of a Galston going off on a trip to London he had to be minister. which may have provided the lifted mto the coach. Yet his skills as a attraction of Ayrshire. Professor Stevt-n­ lecturer earned him a growing reputa­ son, like other landed proprietors, tion. became involved in the current craze for Dugald Stewart's fame - his name improvements. It was he who about the appears in all the standard books on 18th year 1775 bmlt the village of Sorn, century Scotland - rests not on the consistmg of a row of 24 house~ on the originality of hi~ ideas, but in the way he north side of the main road. 43 families in was able to populanse the new Common these houses and another 7 familie~ in the Sense philosophy which had been con­ several older houses by the nver bank ceived by Thomas Reid, his former tutor gave a population in 1791 of 191. at Glasgow. Those who were students of Professor Stevenson must have acquired Dugald Stewart later recalled the ease. Dalgain about the year 1770. Soon grace, and digmty of the words which afterwards, in 1772. Professor Matthew flowed eloquently from his lips. Outside Stewart gave up his university post the lecture room he was remembered as because of ill health. He spent his last polite and sometimes reserved. but thirteen years in retirement at hi~ Catrine always honest, hospitable, and kind. an country home, and died on 23 January erudite and courteous gentleman. Rae­ 1785 at the age of sixty eight. burn\ portrait of Dugald Stewart sug­ His only surviving son Dugald was gests a plain and approachable sort of born on 22nd November 1753 in Edin­ person. burgh. in the College where his parents He lived in Edinburgh in a house in resided. He was a sickly child. but his Horse Wynd near the university. In 1780 health improved after the long summers he began to take in students as boarders, spent at Catrine. At the age of seven he for it was customary for high-born youths began his schooling at Edinburgh High to be sent to university, paying up to £400 School, became a student at Edinburgh a year for lodgings in the homes of the University, then at the age of ~eventeen professors. who would sometimes even went to Glasgow Umversity to study take them abroad during the summer philosophy under Professor Thomas months. So in 1783 Dugald Stewart Reid. When his father turned ill in 1772 visited Paris as tutor to the Marquis of and was unable to continue his mathe­ Lothian On his return, and now aged 30, matical lectures, Dugald returned to he married Helen Bannatyne, daughter Edinburgh to take over these duties - of a Glasgow merchant. Then (or soon while he was still eighteen years old! In afterwards) he moved to a new house 1775 after reaching the age of twenty-one called Lothian Hut in a more fashionable he was formally appointed a~ his father's area off the Canongate not far from assistant and successor - taking the Holyrood. Here three children were born mathematics classes (and collecting the in the next four years.

64 In 1785 his father died and Dugald Mrs Stewart was ailing and in fact had not Stewart succeeded as professor of mathe­ long to live. And it was with Dr Mac­ matics. By this time Adam Ferguson, kenzie that Robert Burns was invited to professor of moral philosophy, was fail­ dine at Catrine House on Monday 23 ing in health and anxious to retire. So an October: Robert Burns whose Poems exchange of jobs was negotiated. Dugald Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect had been Stewart became professor of moral philo­ published at Kilmarnock three months sophy while Ferguson retired on the earlier in July 1786. salary of mathematics professor. It was early in 1786 that Burns decided So in the summer of 1786 Dugald to have his poems published. In his Stewart, after his first session as profes­ 'Epistle to James Smith' he remarked sor of moral philosophy, came to the that "This while my notion's taen a Catrine estate he knew so well, which he sklent, To try my fate in guid, black had inherited on his father's death the prent." Gilbert Burns recalled that the year before, and which he was now motive was because of a pressing per­ visiting as its laird. With him came his sonal circumstance. Robert had become wife; guests later that summer were his involved with Jean Armour and in the 23-year-old former student Lord Daer, spring of 1786, as Gilbert delicately put son of the earl of Selkirk; and, possibly, it, "This connexion could no longer be Rev. Hugh Blair, professor of rhetoric concealed." Gilbert explained that "It and noted essayist. was agreed therefore between them, that At Catrine in 1786 he would renew old they should make a legal acknowledge­ friendships and make new acquaintances. ment of an irregular and private mar­ He would attend Sorn parish church, riage; that he should go to Jamaica to whose minister Rev. James Connell was push his fortune . . . As he had not more noted for his farming than his sufficient money to pay his passage, and preaching. Near neighbours were Wil­ the vessel in which Dr Douglas was to liam Tennant of Sorn Castle; John Gray procure a passage for him was not of Gilmilnscroft; John Campbell of expected to sail for some time, Mr Auchmannoch; Professor Stevenson of Hamilton advised him to publish his Dalgain; Sir Thomas Miller of Barskim­ poems in the mean time by subscription, ming, Lord Justice Clerk; perhaps the as a likely way of getting a little money to inimitable Hugh Logan of Logan; he may provide him more liberally in necessities have attended the funeral of William for Jamaica. Agreeably to this advice, Campbell of Netherplace. James Boswell subscription-bills were printed immedi­ of Auchinleck was one who usually ately." Gavin Hamilton introduced delighted Dugald Stewart with his stories Burns to his fellow lawyer, Robert Aiken - "very much more amusing than even of Ayr, whom Burns could describe on his printed anecdotes"; but Boswell this 17th February as "my chief patron". By summer had just given up his Edinburgh 3rd April he could write to Aiken that home and was only briefly at Auchinleck "My Proposals for publishing I am just before moving with the family to Lon­ going to send to the Press." The only don. A new neighbour, however, was local printer was John Wilson of Kilmar­ Claud Alexander who had recently pur­ nock, who on 14th April had ready eight chased Ballochmyle from Sir John White­ dozen sheets entitled Proposals, for foord and was already beginning the Publishing by Subscription, Scotch cotton enterprise which would despoil Poems, by Robert Burns. Dugald Stewart's quiet rural retreat. One But meantime Jean Armour was in regular visitor to Catrine House through­ trouble. She was, said Gilbert, "a great out the summer of 1786 was John favourite of her father's. The intimation Mackenzie, the Mauchline surgeon, for of a private marriage was the first

65 suggestion he received of her real situa­ along with me in the kITk" but Burns tion. He was in the greatest distress, and insisted that "Against two things . . . I fainted away ... A husband in Jamaica am fixed as Fate: staying at home, and appeared to him and his wife little better owning her conjugally. - The first, by than none ... They therefore expressed a Heaven I will not do! the last, by Hell I wish to her, that the written papers which will never do!" He submitted to the respected the marriage should be church only because, as he said, "the cancelled, and thus the marriage Priest, I am inform'd will give me a rendered void." News of this reached Certificate as a single man, if I comply Burns on the very day his subscription with the rules of the Church, which for sheets were ready. that very reason I intend to do." He was These sheets were distributed by so ins1stant on being recognised as a Burns, and the response was dramatically bachelor with no obligation to Jean successful. At the advertised price of Armour - the only explanation must be three shillings a copy, 250 copies would his secret arrangement with Mary Camp­ have to be sold to cover the estimated bell. But James Armour was determined printing bill of £35, and within a month or to pursue Burns, taking out a warrant so over 350 copies had been ordered. On against him. Burns had to go into hiding, 17th May he could write that "In about not daring to appear in church on 16th or three or four weeks I shall probably set 23rd July. He did reappear to do penance the press a-going." on 30th July and 6th August when he was Meantime Jean Armour's parents had finally rebuked and absolved from scan­ packed her off to Paisley, denying to the dal. It was on 31st July, the day after his kirk session that she was pregnant. second appearance in the C:hurch, and Robert, angry at his repudiation by Jean, with the threat of legal action by James turned for consolation to Mary Camp­ Armour haunting him, that the Poems bell, made some sort of marriage agree­ were published. ment with her, and on 14th May she left Wilson printed 612 copies of the him to prepare for their planned emigra­ Poems. In addition to the 350 copies tion to Jamaica together. ordered by subscribers, the remaining Then on 9th June, just four days before 250 were disposed of within a month. The his poems were sent to the press, Jean Kilmarnock edition was a sensational Armour unexpectedly returned to sell-out. As Burns wrote: "My vanity was Mauchline. The Armours had had a highly gratified by the reception I met change of mind, no doubt occasioned by with the Publick; besides pocketing, all the promising possibility that Burns was expences deducted, near twenty going to make some money from his pounds." In fact Wilson's bill came to book of poems. On 13th June, the very £35.17.0, so that with £90 from sales he day that John Wilson of Kilmarnock gained a bit more than that. So now received the manuscript copy from Rob­ Robert Burns had won some fame, and a ert Burns, Rev. William Auld of Mauch­ little fortune; absolved from scandal by line received a letter from Jean Armour: the kirk; determined to have nothing to "I am heartily sorry that I have given and do with Jean Armour, even after the must give your Session trouble on my birth of twins on 3rd September. "She account. I acknowledge that I am with would gladly now embrace that offer she child, and Robert Burns in Mossgiel is once rejected, but it shall never more be the father." On Sunday 9 July Burns did in her power. . . . The warrant is still in public penance before the Mauchline existence, but some of the first Gentle­ congregation, the first of three required men in the country have offered to appearances. He said that "Jean and her befriend me." friends insisted much she should stand He was still determined on emigration.

66 On 17th September he wrote: "I am Which indicates that Stewart had got going perhaps to try a second edition of hold of some manuscripts of Burns's my book. If I do, it will detain me a little poems before they were published, and longer in the country; if not, I shall be subscribed for the Kilmarnock edition. gone as soon as the harve~t is over." Blacklock was full of praise for Burns and The story of what .happened next was advised Lawrie that "It were therefore related by Burns just a year later in his very much to be wished, for the sake of famous autobiographical letter to Dr the young man, that a second edition, Moore: more numerous than the former, could I had taken the last farewell of my immediately be printed." Notice that no few friends; my chest was on the mention is yet made of any planned road to Greenock ... when a letter Edinburgh edition. When Burns got a from Dr Blacklock to a friend of copy of this letter, which Lawrie passed mine overthrew all my schemes ... on to Gavin Hamilton, an approach was His idea that I would meet with made to John Wilson, the Kilmarnock every encouragement for a second printer. But Wilson, guessing that the edition fired me so much that away local market was saturated, would not I posted to Edinburgh without a risk the proposed second edition of a single acquaintance in town, or a thousand copies unless he got an advance single letter,,of introduction in my payment of £27 for the paper required. pocket . .. So Burns informed Robert Aiken on 8 This is nonsense. As elsewhere in that October, after which Aiken and his letter Burns conveniently distorted the friend John Ballantine began to investi­ facts to create what is dramatic fiction. gate the possibility of an edition in Some things are quite ignored. There is, Edinburgh. for example, no mention of Jean Aiken was well connected. He was Armour, nor any hint of Highland Mary. cousin to James Dalrymple of Orange­ And verifiable fact is ignored when he field, Sheriff Clerk of Ayr, who was a declares that "away I posted to Edin­ cousin to the Earl of Glencairn. Glen­ burgh without a single acquaintance in cairn and Dalrymple began negotiations town, or a single letter of introduction in with the well-known Edinburgh publisher my pocket." William Creech- who had, earlier in his The first mention of a possible second life, been tutor to the Earl. Discussions edition came in a letter from Edinburgh, seem to have taken up the whole of from the blind poet Dr Thomas Black­ October and November. On 20th lock to Rev. George Lawrie, minister of November Burns wrote to Ballantine: "I Loudoun Lawrie, whom Burns had met in hear of no returns from Edinburgh to Mr Newmilns in March at a masonic meeting Aiken respecting my second edition when he was publicismg his forthcoming business." But on 27th November Kilmarnock edition, was acquainted with Blacklock could write again to Lawrie several of the Edinburgh men of letters. that he had heard of the projected edition Some years earlier he had introduced to "at the expense of the gentlemen of them James Macpherson, author of Ayrshire, for the author's benefit." Ossian; now he sent a copy of Burns's At the beginning of October Burns was Kilmarnock Poems. Blacklock replied to still planning emigration with Mary Lawrie on 4th September. He told Campbell. If his involvement with her Lawrie that he already knew of Burns. became public, there might be renewed Professor Dugald Stewart, he wrote, trouble from the Armours and possibly, "had formerly read me three of his court action. Thus he wrote to Aiken on poems, and I had desired him to get my 3rd October of "the storm of mischief name inserted among the subscribers." thickening over my folly-devoted head ..

67 Even in the hour of social mirth, my sent two days later to Dr Mackenzie: gaiety is the madness of an intoxicated "that plain, honest, worthy man, the criminal under the hands of the execu­ Professor. . . . I think his character, tioner. All these reasons urge me to go divided into ten parts, stands thus - four abroad . . . " Then he received word of parts Socrates - four parts Nathaniel - Mary Campbell's death in Greenock. and two parts Shakespeare's Brutus." That produced what he later described as Though it can only be conjectured, I "pain" and "agony". But there must suggest the dinner at Catrine of 23rd also have been relief. Emigration is October was not just a social occasion, a forgotten. belated invitation to the poet three Burns spent the rest of October per­ months after his Kilmarnock Poems were sonally establishing Edinburgh connec­ published, but a business meeting to plan tions in preparation for the projected for the poet's forthcoming visit to Edin­ second edition. During this month the burgh. Soon afterwards, on 14th Novem­ Edinburgh Review published a generous ber, beginning his long correspondence appraisal of the Kilmarnock edition, with Mrs Dunlop, Burns wrote to her: "I which must have encouraged him to am thinking to go to Edinburgh in a week strengthen his contacts. There was or two at farthest, to throw off a second another visit to Newmilns, as guest at impression of my book." Loudoun Manse of Rev. George Lawne, Let me remind you again of Burns's whom Blacklock in his letter of 27th fictionalised version of events: "I had 'November indicated as closely involved, taken the last farewell of my few friends; in the planning of the second edition. The my chest was on the road to Greenock .. visit included a kind of celebration ball at . when a letter from Dr Blacklock to a the manse: "Sae merrily they danced the friend of mine overthrew all my schemes ring, Frae eenin till the cocks did craw." ... away I posted to Edinburgh without a And on 23rd October there was that single acquaintance in town, or a single dinner party at Catrine House as guest of letter of introduction in my pocket." In Professor Dugald Stewart. fact, after the reception of Blacklock's Burns had in his poem The Vision' letter, it took some six weeks before he paid tribute to many of the Ayrshire finally abandoned his plan of emigration, gentry, and included among them the late and another four weeks till he set out for Matthew Stewart and his son Dugald: Edinburgh. And many people were ready With deep-struck, reverential awe, and prepared to receive him in the The learned Sire and Son I saw, capital. Among them Dugald Stewart To Nature's God and' Nature's law who returned there for the new university They gave their lore, session, and persuaded Henry Mac­ This, all its source and end to draw, kenzie, the arbiter of literary fashion, to That, to adore. publicise Burns by a flattering notice in Now he would commemorate the the December issue of The Lounger occasion when "I sprachl'd up the brae, I magazine, describing the poet as "this dinner'd wi' a Lord." He directed his heaven-taught ploughman." And Burns 'Extempore Verses' towards "noble, had arrived in Edinburgh on 29th youthfu' Daer" and was delighted to November just in time to make a discover "The fient a pride, nae pride personal appearance as part of this had he, Nor sauce, nor state, that I could well-organised publicity campaign. see, Mair than an honest Ploughman." Though Burns later claimed (it is worth He mentions in passing Rev. Hugh Blair, repeating) that he was "without a single "Scotia's sacred Demosthenes", and acquaintance in town", we know from six "good Stuart." His host however gets surviving letters that he had been regu­ more lavish praise in the covering letter larly corresponding with John Richmond

68 who had left Mauchline for Edinburgh in Lawrie was also there. Some of the 1785, and with whom Burns shared persons listed were influential persons - lodgings for his first six months in and one suspects a kmd of Ayrshire Edinburgh, in the Lawnmarket. We 'mafia' at work in Edinburgh on Burns's know too that Reid of Barquharrie's behalf. pony which Burns had borrowed was That advance arrangements had been collected and taken back to Ayrshire by made for Burns's visit is obvious. On 8th John Samson, son of Tam Samson of December, just ten days after he arrived Kilmarnock. John Samson was there to in Edinburgh, subscription bills were meet Burns, along with James Dalrymple issued for the second edition of his of Orangefield. These men, like the Earl poems, and this must have been organ­ of Glencairn, were not usually resident ised in advance, by the Earl of Glencairn in Edinburgh, but were there specially to and Dalrymple of Orangefield, who were further Burns's interests. in effect his business managers. Burns It is clear that Ayrshire residents in the could write to Gavin Hamilton: city were soon aware of Burns's arrival. "Though my Lord's influence it is On lst December Burns himself wrote to inserted in the records of the Caledonian Sir John Whitefoord, and had an immedi­ Hunt, that they universally, one and all, ate response. Other Ayrshire gentry were subscribe for the second edition ... My soon informed, like the Dowager Coun­ Lord Glen cairn and the Dean of Faculty, tess of Glencairn, and her two Crochallan Fencibles, a drinking Adair, physician; Andrew Bruce, hard­ club meeting in a tavern in Anchor Close, ware merchant; two students - Josiah on the north side of High Street, whose Walker, son of the minister of Dundo­ members were not the low company nald; Archie Lawrie, son of the minister sometimes suggested, but composed of Loudoun - whose sister Christine entirely of influential lawyers and pro-

69 fessional people - a kind of 18th century Dalzell. Rotary Club. Dugald Stewart, one of their number, Burns could expect some welcome in held fortnightly gatherings in his home the city from fellow Ayrshire folk, and for his learned friends, at which Burns for others the "heaven-taught plough­ could be introduced. Stewart was not man" as advertised in the December personally involved in the publication Lounger magazine might have been a plans which brought Burns to Edinburgh. popular novelty, like the Polish dwarf Indeed he later wrote, "By whose advice who performed in St Andrew's Square or he took this step, I am unable to say." the "learned pig" which was exhibited in And he also indicated that "The variety the Grassmarket. The real test was his of his engagements, while in Edinburgh, reception by the men of letters to whom prevented me from seeing him so often as he was introduced by Professor Dugald I could have wished". But there were Stewart. spring morning walks on the Braid Hills. This was the age of the Scottish And Stewart took Burns with him to that Enlightenment, when Edinburgh was the celebrated party in the home of Professor Athens of the North, its writers and Adam Ferguson where he conversed with thinkers enjoying an international repu­ Black the chemist, Hutton the geologist, tation. By 1786 some of its leading figures and Home the dramatist, with the young were dead: David Hume th:: philosopher, Walter Scott all ears. Lord Karnes who wrote on everything All the great men met Burns. save only from education to agriculture. Others Adam Smith who was ailing and going off were resting on their laurels: Professor to London for treatment. All who met William Robertson, regarded as Eur­ him were impressed. All were prepared ope's greatest historian, was an ageing to accept Harry Mackenzie's judgment as Principal of Edinburgh University; Adam to his genius, though some like Dr Smith whose Wealth of Nations had Beattie felt that in future he should write revolutionised thinking about economics solely in English, for, as Beattie claimed, had retired from Glasgow Univeristy to "to write in vulgar broad Scotch and yet Edinburgh as Commissioner of Customs to write seriously is now impossible". All with not much longer to live. But there were surprised to discover Burns's width was still a galaxy of active and original of reading, particularly his acquaintance minds: Lord Hailes the antiquarian and with their own writings in many cases. Lord Monboddo the scholar and anthro­ Everyone remarked on his personality. pologist; Adam Ferguson, who wrote on Principal Robertson was particularly Philosophy, law, and government; Henry impressed by his conversational powers. Mackenzie the novelist whose Man of Walter Scott later recalled that "among Feeling was for Burns "a book I prize the men who were the most learned of, next to the Bible"; Hugh Blair, whose their time and country, he expressed books of sermons on moral subjects were himself with perfect firmness, but with­ best-sellers in London; Alexander Nas­ out the least intrusive forwardness". myth the artist and Henry Raeburn who Dugald Stewart in the course of his long would return to Edinburgh from Italy in assessment of Burns, said that 'The 1787; John Home, the dramatist whose attentions he received during his stay in play Douglas produced the cry, town from all ranks and descriptions of "Whaur's your Willie Shakespeare persons, were such as would have turned noo!"; scientists like Joseph Black, the any head but his own . . . His manners Monros, and James Hutton; other men were ... simple, manly, and indepen­ with a passing reputation like James dent; strongly impressive of conscious Beattie, Thomas Blacklock, William genius and worth; but without any thing Greenfield, William Tytler, and Andrew that indicated forwardness, arrogance, or

70 vanity". the poet. Burns m one letter summed up The Edinburgh Edition was published his indebtedness to Stewart: "I shall ever on 2lst April 1787, nine months after the regard your countenance, your patron­ Kilmarnock Poems, and less than five age, your friendly good offices, as the months after Burns's arrival in Edin­ most valued consequence of my late burgh. 1,500 persons had subscribed, and success in life." the number printed had to be increased What of Dugald Stewart's later career? to 2,800. With an advance from Creech Sometime in 1787, probably late in the the publisher, Burns could go off on year, his wife died, after only four years several tours, return to Edinburgh, make of marriage. The widower was left with plans for his future, become involved two young sons and a daughter. The with Agnes Maclehose (his "Clarinda"), younger son died in 1809; the elder but eventually become reconciled with became Lieutenant Colonel Matthew Jean Armour. Stewart, who ~erved in India and made The association between Burns and scholarly studies of oriental affairs; the Stewart was not broken. Stewart took daughter Margaret married Rev. Dr four copies of the Edinburgh edition; Thomas Miller of Cumnock. After three Burns from time to time thereafter sent years Dugald Stewart remarried in 1790, him copies of new poems: "Wherever I the bride being Helen D'Arcy Crans­ am, allow me, Sir, to claim it as my toun. There was no issue from this privilege, to acquaint you with my second marriage; the second Mrs Stewart progres~ in my trade of rhymes". Stew­ brought up her step-children at 5 Ainslie art's advice was enlisted regarding what Place, their new house in the fashionable might be included in an extended two­ New Town of Edinburgh. volume edition to be issued in 1793. It seems to have been a happy house­ Burns tried to arrange a meeting between hold, and the fortnightly social gatherings Stewart and Captain Grose who was were resumed with "his accomplished, collectmg information about Scottish clever, plain-faced wife as hostess". In Antiquities and for whom Burns wrote 1796 he resumed taking in students as Tam O'Shanter'. In the summer of 1787 boarders. The Napoleonic wars made when Burns was briefly in Mauchline he continental travel difficult; it became met Stewart several times. On 25 July fashionable for the English gentry to send there was a meeting of the Tarbolton St their sons instead to Edinburgh. One James\ Lodge, held in Mauchline with future prime minister (Lord Palmerston) Burns presiding, and among the guests and other politicians (like Lord John were Dugald Stewart of Catrine, Claud Russell) thus learned plain living and Alexander of Ballochmyle, and John high thinking in Stewart's Edinburgh Farquhar Gray of Gilmilnscroft. Stewart home: in particular they discovered how later recalled that Burns "had occasion to apply philosophic ideas to social and to make some short unpremeditated political affairs, which was a feature of compliments to different individuals from the Scottish Enlightenment. whom he had no reason to except a visit, Stewart's ideas found a wider audience and everything he said was happily when he began publishing them in a conceived, and forcibly as well as fre­ series of books: Philosophy of the Human quently expressed." They met again in Mind (1792), Outlines of Moral Philoso­ Ayrshire in the summer of 1788, and for phy (1793), Philosophical Essays (1802), the last time on Burns's final visit to and additional volumes on these subjects Edmburgh at the end of 1791. After (1813, 1827, 1828). These publications Burns's death in 1796 Dugald Stewart enhanced his reputation in England, on supplied a memoir on Burns which Dr the Continent, and especially in the James Currie included in his biography of United States of America. Stewart was

71 also busy with contributions to a new seems to have abandoned Catrine. It had edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, lost its charm. When young Dugald that Edinburgh production which was Stewart came here at fifst there was just a first published in 1771. He also wrote corn mill and a smithy till Claud Alex­ memoirs of Adam Smith, William ander and David Dale set up the five­ Robertson, and Thomas Reid, as well as storey cotton twist mill in 1787, a jeanie that on Burns. At the university he factory in 1790, and a village occupied by supplemented his lectures on philosophy 1,350 inhabitants in 1796. After Kirkman with a course in economics, and assisted Finlay took over the works in 1801, there his colleagues in the teaching of natural wa~ further expansion, with power loom philosophy, Greek, mathematics, logic, weaving introduced in 1805, the bleach­ and literature. works opened in 1824, and the famous He had visited the Continent in 1783 Big Wheels installed in 1827. It is little and 1788, and made his third and last trip wonder that Dugald Stewart for his in 1806. In that year he was awarded a retirement preferred to rent a country government pension of £600 a year. In house nearer Edinburgh. And when 1810, at the age of 56, he gave up his Colonel Stewart inherited Catrine House teaching duties at the university. He in 1828, he abandoned it m favour of a retired to Kinneil House on the banks of new house built on a more picturesque the Forth, about twenty miles from site. That new Catrine House after the Edinburgh, where he continued his writ­ death of Colonel Stewart in 1851 was ing. He recovered from a serious illness purchased by Arthur Campbell of Auch­ in 1822, but died at 5 Ainslie Place, mannoch who enlarged and extended it. Edinburgh, on llth June 1828, at the age The new house has now gone, but the old of seventy five. He was buried in Edin­ Catrine House has survived, and with it burgh Canongate churchyard. the memory of Robert Burns and Profes­ In his eighteen years of retirement, he sor Dugald Stewart. The ''Paisley 500" Greeting

In Nineteen Hunner' an' Eighty Eight, In Fourteen Hunner' an' Eighty Eight, Frae ilka airt, we hae ta'en the gate, King Jamie set doon tae ,scrievet nate Wi' canty chiels we arena' blate Paisley's Charter, wi' sentiments great- Tae mk' aff ae dram, Nae blouter'n' blellum. Or, aiblins, twa, while we congregate Oor Burgh o' Barony he'd create Wi' President Tam. On regal vellum.

In Seventeen Hunner' an' Eighty Eight, In Ninteen Hunner' an' Eighty Eight, As he stravaiged doon Paisley's High Gait, Paisley Burns Club, o' the auldest date, Rab met "the Bookseller", blether'd late, Greets Fremmit Friers in Ian's past the yate Wi' monie ae threne, Wi' thochts o' Jang syne, Then wrote tae Nancy, murnin' his fate As Principal Tam tells aboot Rab An' scrievin' the scene. An' his "Mem'ry" fine.

In Nineteen Hunner' an' Eighty Eight, 25th January, 1988 T.G. II We sowp up the bree, as is oor lait Afore the Haggis, Neeps an' Tatties plate, Rich an' warm-reekin', Bannocks an' Kebbuck oor gabs will sate, Wi' cigars smeekin'.

72 Those Joily Beggars By R. Peel

Who were those rabble-rousers let loose 'gaberlunzies' were not allowed to beg in Poosie-Nansie's inn that wet Autumn outside their parish, but we are discussing evening? a stratum of society well below this level. Any fire would be welcome on a night According to Aiton in his Agricultural of frost and hail, and around this particu­ Report of 1811, the roads 'are infested lar ingle had gathered as colourful an with vagrant beggars, and sometimes assortment of human rejects as Mauch­ with tinkers and gypsies, who sorn and line had ever seen. Their revelry would thieve, and pilfer and extort alms from draw Burns and his compatriots, John the weak and timid'. (To sorn is to Richmond and James Smith like a mag­ demand food under threat of force). And net, for no doubt Mrs Gibson's hostelry again he writes, 'in the day time they was a dull enough place at this time of the prowl through the towns, or roam in the year. And the noise! country, begging, stealing or swindling, Wi' quaffing and laughing, as opportunity may offer. At night, they They ranted an' they sang, return to their miserable haunts to Wi' jumping an' thumping, consume the spoils, in feasting, drinking, The vera girdle rang. swearing and carousing at the expense of the simple, whom they have duped, or The occupants that evening were of the timid whom they have terrified'. every conceivable shape and size; all They had their regular meeting places were unkempt and clearly bore traces of - often fairs and races - ;md would following a lifestyle that was as unattrac­ make up fairings (sweetmeats) at the tive as it was unhygienic. Just how many beggar-inns to be sold at these events. of these disagreeable characters were These delicacies, according to Aiton, roaming the countryside is difficult to 'soon become loathsome, when handled judge, but the eighteenth century was by creatures labouring under the worst of one long period of upheaval. The influx diseases and abominably nasty and car­ into the Lowlands following the defeat of ried for weeks in the dirty "wallets" from the Jacobites, the steady trickle from one beggar-inn to another'. In short, they Ireland, the agricultural improvements sell 'the most loathsome trash, polluted displacing labour, all added to a restless by their diseased hands, and besmeared population. with filth in their nasty knapsacks'. One alarming figure at the beginning After this general description we come of the century suggested Scotland had to the principal characters gathered in 300,000 beggars at large. The population Poosie-Nansie's inn and first on centre at this time was just over one million, so stage that evening was the ex-soldier. this overestimation would put 1 in 4 of every man, woman and child on the road. The Soldier Such vagabonds, declared Fletcher of He was dressed in 'auld red rags' and Saltoun, live 'without any regard or in spite of being sans arm and leg still subjection either to the laws of the land, kept his knapsack 'a' in order'. When on or even those of God and nature'. the march every soldier had a water­ As we know, there were licensed bottle and haversack in which he kept beggars whose livelihood was sanctioned meal or oatcakes and just being in the by the kirk sessions. These blue-gowns or army was itself an ordeal. A soldier at

73 home had no barracks, but was billeted in drink and reduced to begging. Not that doss-houses and the like. Being sent she need ever have been much of a abroad could mean that it was years beauty. Thomas Pennant in his Tour of before being relieved again and in some Scotland in 1769 remarked, 'the women cases was considered akin to a sentence' are in general most remarkably plain, of death. (A watercolour of 1770 depicts and seem to acquire an old look, and by a soldier returned - minus a leg - to being much exposed to the weather find his wife re-married and his children without hats, such a grin, and contraction in the workhouse). of the muscles, as heightens greatly their Our soldier had certainly been in one natural hardness of features: I never saw or two campaigns. As a youngster in 1759 so much plainess among the lower rank he had been with Wolfe in Quebec and of females'. was then engaged in action near Cuba at Her rendition that night however the storming of El Moro in 1762. A long found full favour with the next performer period of military service followed until and she slumped down to be replaced by finally he lost an arm and a leg at the Merry Andrew. siege of Gibraltar in 1782. Now, grey haired, he was reduced to sleeping rough Merry Andrew in woods or sheltering amid rocks, but The name Merry Andrew is an all life did have its comforts - there was his embracing one for clown, court-jester or wallet (of meal), his bottle and his callet buffoon. It dates back to Shakespearean (trull or low prostitute). She it was who times and can be found in the writings of next becomes the focus of our attention Dryden (1673) and Fielding (1749). Our as, glass in hand, she rises unsteadily to Merry Andrew no doubt earned his keep her feet. by his amusing antics, but he would be out of place with any but the ill-assorted. The Martial Chuck group in Poosie-Nansie's that night. His Her background was inextricably weaknesses were wine and women and bound up with army life. Her father was having picked up a 'tinkler-hizzie' he 'one of a troop of dragoons' and her proceeded to simultaneously court her conquests were all of a casual nature. Her and get drunk. first was a swaggering blade and then, He seems to have paid the penalty for apart from a brief diversion to savour the his misdeeds, having been tied up like a delights of a 'godly old chaplain', she stirk (bullock) for 'swearing and quaffing' steadily worked her way through the rest (drunk and disorderly) and been rebuked of the regiment. She would follow the in the kirk for 'towsing a lass'. The troops from place to place throughout former punishment involved having the Scotland and sometimes even beyond. jougs or iron collar around his neck and During the 1745 Jacobite campaign the then being attached by a chain to the kirk 'regimental women' were instructed not wall or perhaps the Mercat Cross, much to follow the march into England, but to the taunts and amusement of many of many did so and brought their children the locals. along. There were also large herds of The kirk rebuke would involve mount­ black cattle driven behind the troops to ing the cutty-stool or stool of repentance, provide fresh meat for the 5,000 and now forever associated with Burns. In more infantrymen. An army on the fact the poet's experience before the kirk march in the eighteenth century must session was a relatively mild one. He had have provided quite a spectacle. to make only three public appearances in By the time this doxy had picked up the kirk and was allowed to stand in his our ex-soldier at a Cunninghame Fair she own seat rather than in the place of was of indeterminate age, dependent on repentance. Appearances on the cutty-

74 stool could be for 6, 10 or 20 Sundays. The Pigmy Scraper The charge was invariably one of adul­ Burns had an affinity for fiddlers and tery or fornication, much to the 'merri­ fiddle tunes, and our miniature hero may ment of the junior half of the congrega­ even have been of a line descended from tion, the grave reprobation of the more McPherson and his followers (see Com­ respectable, and the unblushing denunci­ plete Works P.308) who was hanged in ation of the minister'. (Trevelyan, Engl­ 1700. McPherson and his associates were ish Social History Vol. III). known by habit and repute as 'waga­ On completion of his ditty our profess­ bonds, soroners and Egyptians'. ional fool was immediately replaced by a It was an attractive picture our gut­ sturdy female pickpocket. scraper paints of a life revolving around kirns (harvest homes), trystes (cattle markets), fairs and weddings. The kirk The Raucle Carlin had two main issues to rail against - She was a woman beyond the first flush pre-marital sex (hence the cutty-stool) of youth ( carlin signifies middle or old and Penny Weddings. The latter meant age), and of generous proportions. She that guests clubbed together to cover the boasted a 'strappin limb an' gawsie cost and in so doing allowed up to 200 (buxom) middle' and depended for her people to indulge in two or three days of livelihood on what she could pilfer. She merry-making, if not downright debauch­ had not always been successful either and ery. Such activity was good business for 'had in monie a well been douked', which an itinerant fiddler and he had good was a common punishment for minor cause to single it out in his ditty. misdemeanours. Punishment was invar­ The most popular dance forms by this iably in a public place (to deter and time were the reels and these provided humiliate), such as outside the kirk, on work for fiddlers at all levels of society, the green or around the village pond, in although in the eyes of the kirk session, the market square, etc., and included the much of what the peasant classes stocks, pillory and ducking stools as well indulged in bordered on depravity. No as the jougs. For similar reason of matter the occasion, fiddlers were never deterrence the gallows of her Highland far from any activity where there might lad may well have been erected in the be drink, and it was said that at Christen­ market place or at a crossroads. ings there was much, at funerals more She now survived by pickpocketing and at weddings most. which, in the eyes of some observers, On this occasion however he had his placed her among the criminal elite. In eyes set on the Highland widow, but he the opinion of C. P. Moritz, the German had stern competition in winning her visitor to Eng1and in 1782, pickpockets affections and he had to give way to the were 'the cream of criminal society'. tinker. Next came the highwaymen and lowest were the footpads. Our heroine had seen better days The Tinker however, and when her Highland lad was This tough character had seen much alive they had ranged the whole country life in following his craft of repairing pots living like gentry. But those days were and pans and his boast that he could work now past; her lover had been hanged and in brass would enable him to make she was reduced to seeking consolation artifacts and brooches from coins. His from 'a hearty can'. Her charms, such as more mundane work however would be they were, had however ensnared a dwarf in making and repairing the iron bands fiddler and he it was who next takes the which secured the wooden staves to form stage. the cheapest of containers. Such vessels

75 were used for water, milk, porridge, etc., As we know, Burns had romantic and for salting meat or fish or for making notions concerning the begging life and cheese. He may also have made horn such views have a noble pedigree and spoons and ladles since these were also continue up to the present day. In the produced by itinerant craftsmen as they 'Jolly Beggars' mould J. Logie Robert­ journeyed from place to place. son in his 'A Wet Day' describes the As he confessed, he had been enlisted tinkler an' his tousie mate' shuffling into the forces, but deserted and now along in the rain and longing for the readily wielded his 'roosty rapier' on his warmth of an inn; own behalf. He easily defeated the They're doun the road, they're oot o' fiddler when competing for the charms of sicht, the carlin, but the fortunes of war are not They'll reach the howff by fa' o' nicht, always to the strong and it was the fiddler In Pousie Nancy's cowp the horn, who eventually enjoyed her favours. An' tak' the wanderin'-gate the morn. It transpired that the widow was but one of three doxies in the train of the They'll gie their weasands there a weet bard and he it was who fittingly roused (throat), the whole assembly into a frenzy of Wi' kindred bodies there they'll meet, drinking and riotous singing. Wi' drookit gangerels o' the clan, The surgeons o' the pat an' pan. The Bard Sounds attractive doesn't it? In fact the With our lame bard leaping and genius of poets such as Burns makes us shouting like one demented we come to reflect on mortgages, income tax and the final character in Poosie-Nansie's inn overdrafts and think our 'randie, gangrel and we finish on as deafening a note as bodies' did not have such a bad life after when we started. all.

Tempos Edax Rerum

Just a line to say I'm living, But, my fiere, I lo'e you dearly, That I'm no' alone or deed, Aftimes I wish that you were here. Though I'm getting quite forgetful, And tempus fugit, as we ken - And mare mixed up in the heed. So I'll noo close wi' grace and gear.

When standing at the foot o' stairs, There I stood, afore the Mail-box, Aftimes I can't remember - But my face had gone quite red - Should I noo climb up to the top? For I didn't mail your letter. Or hae' I just come doon frae there? I had opened it instead!

And aftimes when, afore the fridge, My bifocals I can manage, Rapidly I'm filled wi' doubt. My dentures I can always find. Er - did I just return the food? It's easy to adjust my hearing. Or am I here to tak' it out? But, dear Lord, I miss my mind!

Late in the day, when it is dark, Roy Solomon And my night-time book I've read, I wonder if I should retire, Or ought I to get ,up instead?

76 The World-wide memorials to Robert Burns J.A.M.

While researching the material for the third chapter of my book Burnsiana, devoted to Burns statuary, I began to realise that there was a great deal more to the subject than was first apparent. Furthermore, it tra11spired that one of the questions most frequently asked of the librarians and museum curators in the Burns Country was 'Where are the Burns memorials and is their a list of them available?' Several people have urged me to give serious consideration to a book dealing as exhaustively as possible with the subject. The only previous book on this topic was compiled by Edward Goodwillie of Detroit in 1911. Not only did Goodwillie omit a surprising number of statues and memorials which were extant at or before that time - e.g. the oldest memorials in Canada and the Southern Hemisphere, happily both still in existence - but inevitably a lot has happened in the intervening years since then. John Mc Vie included lists of statues and memorials in his Bicentenary Review (1959), but these were inaccurate in many respects and far from complete. I cannot claim completeness or accuracy for the following Check List either; it merely represents the best information that I can produce so far. The question marks indicate the gaps in my knowledge of either the sculptor (or architect) or the date of erection and I appeal to Burnsians on the spot to communicate with me filling in some of these details. The List excludes stained glass windows, murals, frescoes, paintings and similar two-dimensional works. I hope to produce a separate list of such works in due course The List sets out the name of the place (or in some rural cases, the name of the nearest village), the kind of memorial or monument, the name of the sculptor, designer or architect, the actual location and finally the date of erection. Where a memorial has subsequently been moved, the various locations are given in chronological order, with their dates where known. Bas-reliefs and cast or carved panels adorning statuary, where executed by artists other than the sculptor of the main statue, are listed in order immediately below the main entry. An appeal through the correspondence column of The Scots Magazine elicited some additional information, and I would like to take this opportunity of thanking the Editor for affording me the courtesy of space in hi.s magazine. Over the past three years my wife and I have personally visited every Burns memorial believed to be still extant. In general the condition of these statues and memorials is excellent but it was sad to note that the bronze bas-relief panels have disappeared from the Chicago statue. The statue formerly in Walker Park, Walker-on-Tyne was restored in 1978 and resited in Heaton Park, with an additional plaque to commemorate the poet's visit to Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1787. Regrettably, the statue was smashed by vandals about two years ago and the pieces are now in store at Jesmond Dene. I am assured, however, that the statue is not beyond repair and that the local authority in Tyne and Wear hope to restore it eventually. Vandalism is not a factor which our Victorian forefathers took into account in erecting so many of these memorials. More recently, this has been a serious problem in the Kay Park at Kilmarnock. Elsewhere consideration is being given to the relocation of statues in places less vulnerable to attack.

77 CHECK LIST OF BURNS MEMORIALS

Key to Abbreviations: br (bronze), mar (marble), ptd (painted), st (stone), Ho (house), Kyd (Kirkyard), * (lost or no longer exists).

SCOTLAND Aberdeen br. statue Henry B. Smith Umon Terrace 1892 Alloway monument Thomas Hamilton River Doon 1821 mar. bust Patnc Park monument 1845 mar. bust Sir J Steen Cottage 1882 Annan tablet ? Cafe Royal Arbroath br. statue Scott Sutherland Pub. Library 1959 Ayr br. statue George A Lawson Statue Square 1891 Tam & Cotter George A. Lawson pedestal panels 1891 Jolly Beggars David McGill pedestal panel 1891 Burns & Mary George E. B1s;ell pedestal panel 1891 statuette George A Law;on Ayr Old Church ptd statue John Flaxman Tam o' Shanter M plaque (Burns and John Murdoch) Sandgate Clarencefield plaque Brow Well Clochnah11l cairn on farm 1968 Coldstream br plaque Tweed Bndge 1926 Covington cairn C. Mato> 1986 Cumnock cairn (Sweet Afton) La1ght Dumfnes Mausoleum Thomas F. Hunt St Michaels Kyd 1818 mar. statuary Peter Turnerelli Mau;oleum 1819 Burn> House• 1936 mar. statuary Hermon Cawthra Mamoleum 1936 stone bust John Dods (?) Ragged School• cl886 plaster bust John Dods Globe Inn cl886 stoneware bust William Wyon Globe Inn cl830 plaster bust John Dods Burgh Museum cl886 bronze bust County Hotel• stone plaque J. G 'Tim' Jeffs M1dsteeple 1959 br. plaque Ian Douglas Theatre Royal 1969 pew marker ? St Michaels stone column (Friends of Burns) St M1chaeb Kyd metal plate ongtnal grave mar. plaque Bank Street br plaque ? Burns House fibre-glass figure Gems Models Burm Centre 1986 Dundee br. statue Sir J. Steell Albert Square 1880 Dunfermline marble bust John Flaxman Murison Colin 1821 stoneware bust William Wyon Murison Colin cl830 Dunlop brass plaque (RB and Mrs Dunlop) Parish Church 1929 Earlston brass plaque Site of tnn 1988 Edinburgh monument Thomas Hamilton Calton Htll 1831 mar. statue John Flaxman Monument 1831 Umv Library 1846 Nat. Gallery 1861 Nat. Port. Gall 1889 br. statue John Tweed Nat. Library 1896 mar. bust Sir John Steen 38 Queen Street cl880 mar. bust William Brodie Museums Dept 1896 tablet White Hart Inn 1932 br. plaque (Burns & Scott) 7 Braid Place 1927 wrought-iron sign Lady Statr's Ho Ellisland br. statuette Henry S Gamley farmhouse 1931 epoxy bust John Letts farmhouse 1987 fibreglass figure Alastair Smart granary 1979 Tam o Shanter plaque footpath Bic~ntenary plaque farmhouse 1988

78 Eyemouth br ba,-rehcf ? Lodge St Ebbe 1934 Fdlk1rk mar plaque & stone bust High Street GaJa,h1els bu,t/pedestal F Doyle Jone' Town centre 1913 Glasgow br. statue George E. Ewmg George Square 1877 't statue John Mo'5man Princess's Theatre Tron Theatre Citizens Theatre 1988 br. 'tatuettc Kellock Brown Art Gallery 1919 bu't Andrew Curne City Chambers• 1859 tablet Black Bull Inn• 1923 carved 'tone [Locharbngg'] Garden Fesl!val 1988 Glcnbcrvie caJrn ? K1rkyard 1968 Greenock ba,-rehcf Jame' Mo"man Mary Campbell (qv) 1842 Haddington br marker K1rkyard Innerlc1then granite tablet ? Mam Street 1913 Irvine br 'tatue P MacG1lhvray Town Moor 1896 cairn (RB and R Brown) ? nr motorway tablet Glasgow Venne! 1926 br 'tatue Eghnton Park 1968 Jedburgh tablet Town House• 1913 Kilmarnock Memonal Robert Ingram Kay Park 1879 mar 'tatue W G. Steven,on Memonal 1879 br. bu't J. Gmsll Dick Institute c1969 br. statue D. W Steven,on? Dean Castle? 1879 br. statue James F11lan' Dean Ca,tle? 1879 mar plaque Waterloo St centre 1947 K1rkcudbnght wd panel J. G 'Tim' Jeffs Selk1rk Arms Hotel 1969 K1rkoswald plaque Hugh Rodgers sch 1929 Largs models Burns Garden 1978 Laurencek1rk plaque Leglen Wood cairn J amc' Carrick nr Auchmcrmvc 1929 Mauchhnc Tower Wilham Fraser mam road 1898 tablet Burns House 1902 Maybole mar bu,t James Thom0 High Street 1828 Moffat tablet Black Bull Montro'e 'tone statue W B1rme Rhmd Library Park 1912 Pa1'1ey br statue Fredenek Pomeroy Fountain Gdns 1896 Perth ptd statue William Anderson County Place 1854 Portpatnck ptd 'tatue James Watt bowling green 1929 Pre,tonpan' 't roundel Burn' Shelter 1959 Selk1rk mar tablet Old Forest Inn Stewarton. Argyll st bust Gable of village store St1rlmg br. 'tatuc Albert H Hodge Dumbarton Road 1914 mar bu't D W. Stevenson Wallace Mont 1886 Tarbolton tablet Lochhe farm 1933 tablet (Dep. Master Lodge S. Jame') Manson's Inn 1955 tablet (Death and Dr Hornbook) Wilhe's Mill 1955

ENGLAND Carlisle mar bu't W. G. Stevenson Tulhe House 1898 Coventry epoxy bust John Letts Tam o' Shanter BC London wax rehef John Dell V & A Museum 1797 br. 'tatue Westminster Hall• 1844 br statue Sir J Steell Embankment Gdns 1884 mar bust S1r J Steen Poets' Corner 1885 Newcastle hr. statuette P. MacGilhvray Laing Art Gall. 1935 br. statue D. W. Stevenson Walker Park 1901 Heaton Park• 1978 Sunderland hr. bust Wilham Lamb Borough Museum 1936

IRELAND Belfast hr statue George A. Lawson Civic Art Gall 1893 Dundalk memorial (Burns & sister Agnes) St Nicholas Ch 1859

79 AUSTRALIA North Terrace 1894 mar. statue w. J Maxwell Adelaide Sturt Street 1887 mar. statue John Udney Ballarat Centenary PI 1932 br. statue Ward Wtlhs Brisbane Botamc Gdns 1885 stone statue John Greensh1eld> Camperdown National Ctrcmt 1935 br. statue John Samuel Davie Canberra Pnnces Bndge 1904 br. statue George A. Lawson Melbourne Trea;ury Gdns Frederick Pomeroy Domain 1905 Sydney br. statue

CANADA 1906 br statue W.G Stevenson The Green Fredericton 1923 br. statue George A. Lawson Vtctona Park Halifax 1984 cairn Nicholas J Neu Gage Park Hamilton 1981 cairn Springbank Pk London 1930 br. statue George A. Lawson Domimon Square Montreal 1902 br. statue D w Stevenson Allan Gardens Toronto c1936 br. panels Emmanuel Hahn on pedestal 1928 br statue George A. Lawson Stanley Park Vancouver 1952 bust/pedestal F Varga Queen Elizabeth Pk Windsor 1936 br. statue George A Lawson Legislative Bdgs Winnipeg ? 1952 br plaque on pedestal

FRANCE 1938 Paris br. statue George A Lawson Sorbonne

NEW ZEALAND Auckland br. statue Fredenck Pomeroy Domain 1921 Dunedin br. statue Sir John Steell Octagon 1887 Hokittka mar. statue Cass Square 1923 Timaru mar. statue Botamcal Gdns 1913

UNITED ST ATES OF AMERICA Albany br. statue Charles Calverley Washington Park 1888 Atlanta Cottage rephca Thomas H. Morgan Alloway/Ayr Sts 1911 stone bust Jame> Watt Cottage cl920 statue James Watt in Cottage cl920 Barre, VT granite statue J Massey Rhind Spaulding Campm 1899 alto-relievo James B. King on pedestal 1899 Boston br statue Henry H. Kitson Calcdoman Grove 1920 Winthrop Square c1980 br. statue Hugh Cairns Caledoman Club cl890 Cheyenne br. statue Henry S. Gamley Pioneer/Randall 1929 Chicago br. statue W. G. Stevenson Garfield Park 1906 Cincinnati bust John C. King Burnet House 1859 Denver br statue W.G Stevenson City Park 1904 Detroit br. statue George A. Lawson Cass Park 1921 Fall River mar bust Fidardo Landt Public Library 1899 Jacksonville bust/shaft Pedrom (?) Confederate Pk 1930 Milwaukee br. statue W.G Stevenson Franklin/Pro>pect 1909 Newark st. statue James Thom no longer ex1>ts 1836 New York br. statue Sir John Steell Central Park 1880 Pittsburgh br. statue J. Massey Rhind Schenley Park 1914 Portland, OR Cottage rephca (see St Loms) no longer exists 1905 Quincy st statue Burgin Parkway 1925 St Louis Cottage replica later moved to World's Fair 1904 Portland, Oregon ( qv) br. statue Robert Aitken Lmdell/Skmker 1931 mar. bust William Brodie Mercantile Libr. 1866 carved pedestal Robert Pnngle Mercantile Ltbr. Golden Gate Park 1908 San Francisco br.1statue M. Earl Cummings

80 BURNS AND "HIGHLAND MARY" CAMPBELL Alloway br group Hamilton Maccarthy Cottage cl896 Fa1lford obeh'k '' Fa1lc bank' 1921 V1ctona BC fountain E B McKay Beacon Hill Park 1900 br group Hamilton Maccarthy on fountam 1900

JEAN ARMOUR Gla,gow br. bu't Kellock Brown cl8% Mauchhne mar hu't Burns Hou'e

ISABELLA BURNS (MRS BEGG) Ayr hu't D Harvey County Hall 1859 Liverpool bust D Harvey St George·, HJll 1859

MARY CAMPBELL "HIGHLAND MARY" Blackh1ll (Ayr) 1927 Du noon hr. '1atue D W Stcven"m Esplanade 1896 Greenock tomb, tone John G Mo"man We>! Church 1842 Liverpool m..ir statue Ben1amm E Spence Sefton Park 1896 New York mar. 'tatuc Ben1amm E. Spence 5th Ave Library

"CLARINDA" AGNES McLEHOSE Edmburgh br roundel Hcnr) S Gamlcy Canongatc Kyd 1922 hr tablet o Mar,hall Street 1938

"CHLORIS" JEAN LORIMER Edmburgh ..,t column Stewart MeGlashan Preston Street 1901

FIGURES MENTIONED IN BURNS'S WORKS Alloway Tam & Souter Jame' Thom Monument Gdn' 1828 Nan'c Tmnock Jame' Thom Monument Gdn' cl830 Tam o' Shanter Village Hall Ayr ha,-rehcf panel' Bclle"le Hotel Battle. Sus;cx Tam & Souter Limes Thom Beauport Park Edmburgh TJm o' Shanter Zoolog1cal Gdns Fmga'k Wilhc Brew'd David Ande"on ca,tle ground' cl847 Gla,gow Jolly Beggars John Green,h1cld' Huntenan Mu,eum 1836 Inverberv1e Cuttv Sark Market Square 1969 K1rko,wald group of 4 Jame' Thom Souter Johnny Ho 1829 Liverpool Tam & Souter Jame' Thom Botamc Garden' cl830 London Jolly Begga" John Greensh1cld' Gunnersbury Park' 1836 Group of 4 JJme' Thom Ca"''" House 1829 Newca,tle Tam & Nanme Gerrard Robm"m Jmccy Mu,eum cl970 New York Auld Lang Syne Jame' Thom Central Park• cl837 Pater,on. NJ Tam & Souter Jame' Thom Free Library !Ill 1902 Philadelphia group of 4 Jame' Thom Mawmc Hall• 1836 Franklm lnslltutc 1837 Academy of Arh 1845 Fa1rmount Pk• 1876

UNLOCATED WORKS Statues of Burns are known to have been modelled by the followmg sculptors, and some were subsequently edited in bronze or other metals. The whereabouts of the original models is unknown and the question whether they were ever cast full-scale is so far unresolved. Further details would be welcome.

81 George E. Ewing statuette at the Royal Hotel. Gla~gow, 1859 (may have been the maquette for his statue in George Square 20 years later). James Fillans (1808-52) - Paisley? Andrew Curne (fl. Dumfries 1830-50) - Gla~gow? H. Daniel Webster Paul R. Montford David Anderson (father of William - see Perth) sculpted a group entitled Tam o' Shanter and Kirkton Jean', which he exhibited at Liverpool m 1847, but he died of typhus there shortly afterwards and it is not known what became of this group. James Macleod (Perth, Western Australia). The bronze statue was to have been cast at the Wunderlich Foundry and erected in King's Park in 1937; but the local Scottish community failed to raise the necessary £1,200 for the pedestal and the work was shelved on th•~ outbreak of the Second World War. The present whereabouts of the statue is unknown. Melbourne was given a life-sized statue of Burns by J. Roy Stevens in 1934, but this, too, has disappeared. David Dunbar the Younger (died 1866) exhibited a full-length statue of Burns at Westminster Hall, London in 1844.

IRVINE BURNS CLUB Visit the Club Museum at Wellwood, 28A Eglinton Street, Irvine (Open Saturday afternoon and by arrangement)

See the Irvine Collection of Orlglnal Burns Manuscripts, the pencil drawing of the Bard by Naysmith, our beautifully bound copy of the Kilmarnock Edition, the original oil painting 'Burns In Edinburgh, 1787' by Charles M. Hardie, A.R.S.A., the priceless collection of holograph letters, the Burns Mural and many other treasures. Visit the Royal Burgh of Irvine Museum, which gives a fascinating insight into the history of the Royal Burgh of Irvine, and follow this up by looking round Glasgow Vennel with Its rehabilitated houses, the Heckling Shed where a sllde/tape show tells the story of the Bard, flax dressing and his time in Irvine, and Burns Lodging House. Enquiries to: William Cowan, Honorary Secretary, 75 Bank Street, IRVINE Telephone: Irvine 74166 (Day) 79610 (Evening) Steward: (Telephone: Irvine 74511)

82 A Recollection of Burns From 1836

We are indebted to Candy Crocker Livengood of Sarver, PA, USA for this article from the Philadelphia Public Ledger, of25th March, 1836-Editor

The last number of the New York real or reputed foe~. The dreadful (in Knickerbocker, which, by the way, we Scotland) cry of "heretic" was raised considpr one of the most ably conducted against him, and it followed him to the periodicals in the country, contains the grave. The quarrel originated in the, following interesting passages in the life publication of the Holy Fair. This was of Nature's and Scotia's bard, Robert soon followed by Holy Willie's Prayer, Burns. which exasperated a portion of the They are from the pen of an intimate church and the clergy to the utmost. The friend of the poet, and will be eagerly occasion of this humorous production perused by his numerous admirers. was as follows: Burns began to write, or rather com­ Gavin Hamilton, Esq., clerk, a re~1- pose, poetry early. Love first called forth dent of Ayr (who is often alluded to in his song. He was always, says K ...... , in the letters poems of Burns, and to whom, love, and he did not, in all instances, as every reader will recollect, the "Dedi­ evince much taste in his choice of cation" is addressed), was the patron and objects. "Some of his sweetest sangs," in benefactor of the poor and unbefriended the language of my informant, "were bard. This gentleman inadvertently set a addressed to raw Scotch lasses ye wad vagrant, who begged alms of him. labor­ never dream o' admiring". A few weeks ing in his kair patch on the Sabbath. The usually sufficed to dethrone the reigning zealous descendants of the Covenanters empress of a heart ordinarily as fickle as were struck with horror at this unusual it was susceptible; but the warm tempera­ spectacle, as they flocked to kirk, and the ment of the poet admitted of no interreg­ poor fellow was stoned furiously out of. num. Mr Sillar (David Sillar, of Ayr, the the enclosure. Hamilton's wife bore him "Davie" of our poet), complains that he a child soon after this event, and the kirk, "could never take a walk with his friend, in remembrance of his unintentional but Robin would chase away after the transgression, refused to permit him to first lassie who chanced to cross their be christened. Hamilton appealed to the path - he would approach and enter into Presbytery of Ayr, and was heard before conversation with her, although a perfect that body by his counsel, Robert Aiken, stranger"; - and if she chanced to be a Esq. His most officious opposer in the "sonsie maid", the next day found him ... Kirk had been one William Fisher, the a lover, original of "Holy Willie". The manner in Sighing like furnace, with a woful ballad, which Aiken discharged his trust will be Made to his mistress' eyebrow. found alluded to, with more nerve than It was the poet's ill fortune to embroil delicacy, in some of the closing stanzas of himself on the outset with the rigid and the Prayer. The Presbytery finally powerful church of Scotland, which is reversed the decision of the inferior rarely, we suspect, accused of permitting tribunal. It was soon after this that its spiritual thunders to slumber against K---, who now lived in a different

83 parish from Burns, received a letter from who, though the daughter of a poor tailor him, enclosing Holy Willie's Prayer, with in an obscure Scotch village, united a request to try its efficacy on its personal charms to intelligence and immortalised subject. virtues, which polished by subsequent intercourse with society, rendered her K---- Baits the Trap not the ever-recurring cause of that blush "I was not ~low in complying, a~ ye will of intense mortification too often felt by readily guess," says K---- Fisher, though the husband who has been successful in of an exterior fully worthy of a disciple of elevating himself and his partner above John Knox, had, nevertheless (and what their native sphere, without being able to Scotchman has not?), a sly penchant for infuse into his "bourgeois alter ego" the humorous and on being informed by sentiments and manners corresponding K---- that he had a "bit o' satire" on a with the change - but the accomplished distinguished churchman, readily con­ and elevated woman who was the source sented to hear it. The condition was of vanity to Burns in the very zenith of his moreover exact~d from him beforehand fame. A tear suffuses the eye, as we that he should hear it through, and recollect how recently the grave has without speaking. Willie's eyes sparkled closed over this amiable and lovely with glee as the first stanzas were read woman! In the true tone of European off, and as, in spite of grace, a certain society, John Armor, the humble tailor, leaven of the carnal heart (in such scorned an alliance with the pennyless phraseology as Holy Willie himself would cotter. To do him justice, however, express it) prevented him from looking perhaps this venal consideration was only with pain certainly on the anticipated auxiliary in his mind to that of our bard's writhings of some prominent, nay more, notorious reputation with the church. perhaps rival brother. But certain allu­ Burns' intimacy with Jean being discov­ sions, better understood, soon changed ered, he was refused the house. He took the tenor of his cogitations. At the advantage, however, of a custom at that seventh stanza, "That blackguard time prevailing among those of his own Burns", roared the enraged dignitary of rank in Scotland, to have occasional the Kirk. "Remember your promise, interviews with Miss Armor, in the little Elder Fisher," quoth K--. At the inn of Mauchline, where, says K----, 'the eigth, poor Willie could stand it no wee laddie wad' gang, and send for the longer) but rushed from the room, lassie to come and be courted!" K---- was frantically exclaiming, "That blackguard their mutual confidant, and as their Burns ... he'll go to hell ... he'll go to intercourse became more watched, and hell!" consequently less frequent, was often the This hare-brained exploit of the poet bearer of their messages, and arranged and his "crony" exposed the former to their stolen interviews. A clandestine, the deep and abiding displeasure of the though strictly legal, marriage took place. Kirk. An indiscretion soon brought him, as he expressed it, "within point-blank Attitude Difficult to Understand range of the heaviest metal"; and in narrating it, we come to one of the most We can scarcely appreciate that state painfully interesting epochs of his life. of society, the motives of interest, or the Burns, . now 'in his twenty-third or deep-rooted aversion to the person or twenty-fourth year, if we recollect aright, character of Burns, which should have cultivated a farm (Mossgiel) in connexion induced a respectable Scotch mechanic with his younger brother Gilbert. His to prefer the open infamy of a beloved visits to Mauchline made him acquainted daughter to acknowledging the marriage with Miss Jean Armor, his future wife, of that daughter with our poet - yet so it

84 was. The flinty-hearted old man per­ whose bosoms were chilled by a miscal­ sisted, even then, in refusing Burns those culating selfishness, remained inexor­ natural and legal rights which his poverty able, and the sobs of the heartbroken left him in no condition to enforce. K----, pair were strangely interrupted with acting as the travelling agent of a large vociferation and angry incentive. As a mercantile house, often passed Mossgiel. last appeal to their generosity, Burns On one of these occasions (soon after surrendered the documentary evidence Mrs Burns' illness), he became the bearer of his marriage, which, strange to tell, of a present from the poet to his wife. was eagerly accepted and forthwith con­ Although in selecting his gift Burns might signed to the flames. Nothing now have had his eye in some measure on intervened betwe~n him and that stern Dame Armor, what a shock will the ecclesiastical tribunal, to which he had nerves of some of our modern Sir Pierce rendered himself so obnoxious, and the Shattons receive, when informed that this long-gathering storm burst on his shel­ "true love token" consisted of a bag terless head. stuffed with cheese, butter and garden But in the very extremity of despair, vegetables! and, says K----, "none of the and when he was about to fly into exile to lightest, as my nag Colin could testify". escape his persecutors, a better day was Arrival at Mr Armor's and his errand dawning on his fortunes. The publication known, K---- experienced a not very of a little volume of the poems he had gentle reception from the mistress of the then written opened the brilliant career domicile, but "honest John smelled the which awaited him. We need not follow kail, and determined to be magnanimous him. John Armor was one of the first to for once." discover and to acknowledge the change. When admitted to the desired inter­ view, he found the young mother, with Editor's note: This curious article does not her two sons, one of these we believe, is identify 'K', the author, but he may have now dead, and the other a midshipman in been John Kennedy ( 1757-1812), factor to the British Navy), confined to her bed in the Earl of Dumfries at Cumnock. James an upper apartment. Burns had followed Armour (not John Armor) was a prosper­ K---- unperceived. K---- says he "had na ous master-mason, not 'a poor tailor' as been there aboot ten minutes when he suggested here. Jean's first set of twins were heard a scrambling on the stairs, and och! not as described here. The girl died at birth had ye been there, yer heart would hae while the boy, Robert Burns Junior, burst, as mine did". Incredible as it may became a clerk in the Inland Revenue, and appear, the parents, whose minds were was never a midshipman in the Royal warped and narrowed by prejudice and Navy.

85 The Burns Federation Schools Competitions Report - 1988

The harmonious working now restored in schools after a seemingly interminable period of frustration and unrest has undoubtedly led to increased participation in the 1988 Schools Competitions. It is gratifying to be able to report that 713 schools took part this session, an increase of 26 over last year's total, and also that despite imminent school closures in certain areas and plummeting school roles the number of competitors rose by 5,839. The successful operation of the Schools Competitions is dependent on the willing co-operation and the enthusiasm of many people, and the Burns Federation greatly appreciates the active assistance freely given. Thanks is due to the Education Authorities for the administrative work entailed and to Head Teachers and to their Staffs for their dedication and for the encouragement given to their pupils. The printers, Messrs. Dinwiddie Grieve, also deserve mention for providmg a reliable and courteous service. STATISTICS Recitation 86,773 Scottish Literature (Written) 8,193 Singing 21.796 Accompanying 518 Scottish Music (Instrumental) 3,610 Individual Project Work 5,134 Total Competitors 126,024 No. of Schools 713 No. of Certificates 12,532

ESSO PETROLEUM COMPANY The continuing sponsorship of the Schools Competitions by the Esso Petroleum Company is most welcome and the Burns Federation Executive is greatly encouraged by the interest shown. This year's most handsome donation of two thousand pounds gladdens the heart of the Hon. Treasurer.

ART COMPETITION Subject for Primary Schools: "An interesting scene, incident or character from Scottish history" OR "My Pet". Subject for Secondary Schools: "A scene or character from a Burns poem or song or from his life story" OR "'An interesting local/national event or happening". The 1988 Art Competition proved attractive to schools and was well supported particularly by Primary departments. Quite a number of the Primary entries showed considerable artistic promise and high degree of competence in the treatment of the subject chosen. The Secondary paintings were mostly from 3rd year pupils and although few in number were of superior quality. Several of the eye-catching entries depicting a Burns scene were very skilfully done indeed.

SCHOOLS COMPETITIONS 1988 Predictably dogs were high on the list of pets selected by Primary pupils and cats found favour as well, but there was a surprising number of less usual ones such as stick insects, ferrets, gerbils, squirrels and rock pythons. The pupils who opted for the Scottish theme

86 showed a remarkable variety of choice of subject and afforded proof that Scotti~h history is occupying its rightful place in the school curriculum. The striking and colourful entrie~ included the following titles: The Marriage of Malcolm III and Margaret The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots Robert Bruce and the Spider A Border Raid Portrait of James VI King Alexander III stumbles on the cliffs Robert Burns St. Columha in Iona The Last Shift-Miners' strike of 1926 The Highland Clearances David Livingstone The Tay Bridge Disaster

The 'Toshio Namba" Art Trophy awarded annually to the Primary school producing the winner of the first prize went to Langland Primary School. Forfar. As usual book tokens were sent to individual prize-winners in both sections of the competition and to those commended. Certificates of ment were awarded to all pupils who~e work reached the appropriate standard.

Prize-winners Primary Schools lst Kaye Robertson Langlands P.S., Forfar 2nd Colin Din Longhaugh P.S .. Dundee 3rd Sarah Rogerson George Watson\ College, Edmhurgh 4th Alistair Rough George Watson's College, Edinburgh 5th Elizabeth Callan Law P.S., Carluke Commended Scott Muir Glenburn P.S., Prestwick Gordon Muirhead Longhaugh P.S .. Dundee Kevin Reynolds St. Augustine 's P. S., Coat bridge Pamela Wilson Glenburn P.S., Prestwick Simon H. Weston George Watson's College, Edmburgh No. of entries 776

Prize-winners Secondary Schools lst Heather Anne Nimmo Brannock High School, Motherwell 2nd Suzie Hughes Brannock High School, Motherwell 3rd Lorraine Black Brannock High School, Motherwell 4th Scott Smith Sacred Heart Academy, Girvan 5th Shona Brown Brannock High School, Motherwell Commended David Johnstone Sacred Heart Academy, Girvan Michele L. Laverty Sacred Heart Academy, Girvan Julie Mcfarlane Sacred Heart Academy, Girvan Karen McGibbons Sacred Heart Academy, Girvan No. of entries 19

87 ALEX McIVER ROSE-BOWL One great disappointment this year was the abysmal response from Primary schools to the newly-introduced inter-school competition for Individual Project Work. For reasons as yet unexplained and despite the fact that over 100 schools took part in this section only one school submitted entries. The trophy was therefore withheld this session but book tokens were sent to the single competing school to reward the pupils' efforts.

NATIONAL SCHOOLCHILDREN'S COMPETITION The third National Schoolchildren's Competition was held in The Steps Theatre, Dundee on Saturday, 30th May, 1987, and was fully reported in the Sth Issue of The Burnsian. Hosted by Lochee Burns Club and Dundee Burns Club, who also provided trophies for the new section of Instrumental Music. It was a highly successful venture, the children performing magnificently. The Lord Provost of Dundee expressed his pleasure at being present and extended a most cordial welcome to the performers and the audience. Four Districts took part, Ayrshire, the Bo.rders, the Southern Scottish Counties and Tayside. The Ayrshire team took first place with Tayside as runner-up, and the McLaughlan Trophy was handed over in person by Mrs McLauchlan. Mr John Scott, Manager of Aberdeen and Inverness Esso Locations said that he was most impressed by the obvious enthusiasm of the children and by the quality of their performance. Mrs Peggy Thomson and the members of the sub-committee deserve great credit for their yeoman efforts in organising yet another first-rate competition. The flow of correspondence throughout the year continued practically undiminished, a number of the friendly letters received stressing the pride felt in the possession of a Burns Federation merit certificate. One late request for a replacement certificate came for a girl who was heartbroken because she had accidentally dropped hers in a puddle while showing it to her admiring chums. The Head Teacher of Achnagarry P. School wrote to say her roll was seven and the other two girls in Primary 7 were practising hard for the Lochaber Music Festival, but that her third pupil m the class, a boy, "was too busy blasting his bagpipes to learn his Burns songs". The principal teacher of Art in Brannock High School, Motherwell also wrote saying, "I would also like to take this opportunity to thank you for all the work you put into the organising of this competition. We have found it to be particularly helpful and encouraging to our pupils''. This session has witnessed much rewarding and commendable activity on the part of Burns Clubs and Associations in setting up Burns competitions in their respective districts. Glowing reports have been received expressing delight at the enthusiasm and high level of performance in recitation, singing, instrumental music and project work displayed by the children. The undernoted deserve great praise for the thought, preparation and organisation involved in these ventures and are also warmly thanked for sending in reports of their efforts to ensure the preservation of our Scottish heritage: Airdrie Burns Club, A' the Airts Burns Club. Stonehouse, Alloway Burns Club, Ayr Burns Club, Busbiehill Burns Club, Glenrothes Burns Club, Howff Burns Club, Kilmarnock, Irvine Lasses' Burns Club, Larkhall Burns Club, Allanton Jolly Beggars Burns Club, Lanarkshire Association of Burns Clubs, Edinburgh District Burns Clubs, Lochee Burns Club, Perth Burns Club, Renfrewshire Association of Burns Clubs, Southern Scottish Counties Burns Association, Ayrshire Junior Writers Society. In conclusion I should like to express my appreciation of the assistance and encouragement given to me by the President, The Hon. Secretary, the Assistant Hon. Secretary and the members of the Schools Competitions Committee.

James Glass, Hon. Secretary, Schools Competitions

88 Robbie's Statues Jeff Brownrigg

Robbie's Statues: some reflections on the stature of Robert Burns (on the occasion of the bi-centenary of the Kilmarnock edition ofhis poems).

Many of the larger centres of population in Australia, like cities and towns in other places in the world, have in their public gardens a statue of Robert Burns. It 1s usually reminiscent of the Nasmyth portrait which seems to have created a fashion in representations of the Scots poet. Rob stands uncompromi~ingly firm with his calf-eyes fixed on the middle distance. The cult has its idols, reverently planted in public places exuding that form of Victorian sentimentality which was fostered in distant corners of the Empire by ardent, nostalgic nationalism or whatever arcane brotherhood. And the bi-centenary of the publication of the Kilmarnock edition of Burns' poems will not go unnoticed. There have been at least two relatively recent Kilmarnocks (Everyman and a Scalar Press fascimile) and 31st July 1986 will have seen the various fraternities reflect upon the ~mall 1786 volume that was to become the backbone of the improved Edinburgh edition a year later and which in turn carried much of Burns' best work. These two publications were the only publishing venture from which the poet made a substantial amount of money. His efforts for the Scots songbooks of Johnson and Thomson provided a measure of personal satisfaction but they were not lucrative. The Edinburgh edition consolidated Burns' reputation and set in motion the patterns of adulation that have persisted. Looking back from 1905 Henry Lawson was unequivocal about the development of the Burns cult. 1

They hurried up in hansom cabs, Tall-hatted and frock coated; They trained it in from all the towns, The weird and hairy-throated; They spoke in some outlandish tongue, They cut some comic capers, And ilka man was wild to get, His name intil the papers. They showed no gleam of intellect, Those frauds who rushed before us; They knew one verse ofAuld fang Syne­ The first one-and the chorus. They clacked and clashed o · Scotlan 's Bard, They glibly talked of "Rabbie"; But what ifhe had come to them Without a groat and shabby?

89 they amused themselves was growing, but for Arnold a peasant was inferior. In this sense Burns directed his energies towards an inferior goal in finding his inspiration in the folk about him; and this misdirection could be readily contrasted with Wordsworth's dull morality, gleaned from the diurnal chores of simpler folk. The fascination of Arnold's letter is in the unamplified divination of "splendid gleams''. In his essay "The Study of Poetry", Arnold devotes six pages to Burns, largely to denounce any classic status which the Scot~ might have accrued in the early nineteenth century. It is here that the memorable epithets "rising to a criticism of life" and "Burns, like Chaucer, comes short of the high seriousness of the great classics", occur. But here also Arnold concurs with those who found Burns to their taste, by attempting to isolate the good from the bad. If Burns lacked "the high seriousness which comes from absolute sincerity" why was he so lauded? The answer for Arnold, in the reconstructed words of one of his acolytes could perhaps read "a slight lyric grace without the tough reasonableness beneath it"! And so he writes, His largeness and freedom serve him so admirably ... in those poems and songs where to shrewdness he adds infinite archness and wit . .. where his manner is flawless and a perfect poetic whole is the result. 8 What is praised here is "piercing ... lovely pathos", but the mawkishness implied does not belong to the best Burns. It is hard to overlook that ringing word "repulsive", which is applied so effortlessly at least twice in the material cited above. "Splendid" and "repulsive" certainly establish extremes of response. That leaves the word "gleams" to indicate what it might have been that Arnold glimpsed. Or was he paying court to popular affections for Burns songs which opinions he could not, in his conscience, afford to entertain? If the words "beast, bestial" and "animal propensities" can be taken to be inferring a closeness to the earth, or the "uncivilized" lot of a peasant, then clearly, Mr Combe and Mr Arnold were not misdirected in their attempts to account for the peculiar qualities of Burns' best verse. In gathering Scots folksong, Burns' interest was not strictly that of the antiquarian collector, or the scientific researchers who attempted to fix precise dates, places and performers and even weather conditions to any song/poem which they collected. Burns was more arbitrary, following enthusiasm or intuition in his creation of a new song, or re-working of an older one. For this reason there is usually no single clear sighted, moral end in what he did outside an immediate need at a local level. In this sense his aim was not high. He rarely tries to elevate the minds of those who read his works with clearly delineated morality in the manner which Arnold suggests is essential to poetic success. The product of his art has none of these sorts of aspirations. He often writes satirically or with compassion. But his work cannot be neatly divided, as some have suggested, into didactic eightenth century satires at the more heady and vindictive extreme on the hand, and the songs and lyrcis on the other. This dichotomy is implicit in Arnold's qualified approval. It is a false dichotmy which ignores not only the homogeneity of Burns' work, but also an esteemed and ancient native Scottish tradition (Does Arnold use the word "Scotch" with calculated scorn?) which stretches back to the Middle Ages. There can be no doubt about the feelings of "Scottishness" in the works of Dunbar, Henryson, Gavin Douglas and Lyndsay. Indeed, the 'school' seems to owe little to the English Medieval poets who precede it, and it is not until the eighteenth century that an energy equal to Dunbar's flyting poems is evident in similar poems

92 in English. Allan Ramsay and Robert Fergusson retain this strong inclination to expressions of Scots feeling in a Scottish dialect of English, and Burns is the natural inheritor of a legacy which is stronger in spirit than any similar spirit which might be called 'Englishness' in English verse. Burns' work is homogeneous in the very variety of mood and attack which exemplify aspects of the Scottish character. Burns' work is given unity by a voice that is unmistakably sincere; he writes with the conscience of one who is absolute in his sincerity. He embodies the thoughts of a committed revolutionary, even if his thoughts are filtered through the mesh of a decaying social system and the ministrations of Masonic theory. John Speirs makes a comparison between the lively vernacular of Burns and Elizabethan folk speech. 9 He rightly discounts the 'English' Burns as inferior, perhaps in the way that 'late religious Wordsworth' is the least satisfying of his production. w Another useful distinction which Speir~ makes is to distinguish between English 'good sense' in Burns' time, and Burns' own sense of decorum. If Arnold's feelings were lacerated by what he saw as primitiv.e.in Burns, the close connection with the life-rhythms of simple folk, then he failed to understand the motivation and intelligence of the poet which eludes a limited code of ethics, and critics who will only countenance verse which presents an unambiguous statement of an ethical position. If Arnold is cold to the comedy of Burns' satires and longer poems, then perhaps his taste and breeding must be seen as hurdles which blind him to the concern, vigour and racy energy of the best passages. Crawford offers another useful insight which focuses discussion on particular issues when he writes, Burns' style is above all compact, and a pithy brevity is one ofhis main virtues ... The tension between words and music which underlies and supports the best of Burns' songs reflects the racial composition of the Scottish people, as well as that subliminal opposition between the claims ofreason and passion which exists ... in every Scottish heart, together with the complementary struggles between day-dreaming and narrow practicality, and between stolidity and fire. 11 Crawford manages to bring together, albeit with more than a glimmer of national feeling, the ideas and even the vocabulary used in the various critics cited above. Deeply rooted in any race, and sometimes operating to its detriment, lies what I have already called the spirit of a country which, if it is tapped by a genius who recognises its potential value, belies accepted codes and standards. The scope of such feeling is of necessity wide spread but a genius can catch the inflection. What then, did Burns do to catch it, and fix it with such consummate skill that even now to think of Scots verse is to inevitably think of Burns and further, to think immediately of a contribution to song? The answer is complex and obscured by the necessity of being selective for the purposes of isolating a specific contribution to song. Once again, Spiers clears some of the superfluous considerations by suggesting a context for the longer comical and satirical poems, which are the aspects of the poet's work which I will not consider here. It is impossible not to think of Fergusson as a predecessor of Burns. So much is Burns the fulfilment of Fergusson that it seems almost superfluous to attempt to distinguish them. 12 This immediately suggests an intellect conscious of tradition, a creating consciousness sensitive to the nuances of the Scots 'style', capable of intelligent continuation of that style and able to expand and develop it. This consideration is vital in any examination of what Burns did and how he did it. He was not the

93 amiable boozer, penning inebriated verse as the whim came upon him. Like Emily Dickinson, his attempt to convey an image of an unlettered, often isolated and hence essentially rustic, unprofessional poet, must be held lightly. And it is this very combination of an informed intelligence, steeped in the traditions of his country at a practical level, without the distractions of 'Greek and Latin' and the 'learning' which they imply, which places Burns in a position to fuse an antiquarian interest with something more purely poetic. It would be convenient to be able to say that Burns was not bedevilled with considerations of theory and that, like the folk he emulated, his 'heart' dictated all that he wrote. He was, however, and especially in his last years, preoccupied with theory. About the more speculative and abstruse theories we can only guess. His contact with and knowledge of Dr James Beattie might have helped the formulation of a more general aesthetic. An understanding of this contract is essential in any discussion of what Burns imagined he was doing and is especially interesting given the marked differences in the taste of poet and publisher Thomson, which are obvious in some places. Thomson's is a spurious interest in preservation. Like his (later) contact with Haydn and Beethoven, his enterprise with Burns (and Pleyel) seems to have been geared to publishing drawing room editions of 'Scotch' songs designed for the use of ensembles. And it is here perhaps, in the early nineteenth century drawing-room that the answers to questions about the sources of Burns' popularity might be discovered. The emergence of a market for parlour arrangements of Scots, Irish and Welsh folksongs created an early Celtic-revival. The bogus productions of James McPherson (Ossian) contributed to this enthusiasm and later the novels of Sir Walter Scott kept the market buoyant. Burns offered an unusual variety of qualities in his Scottishness. To begin with he provided numerous Scots songs many of which touched a sentimental note in sympathetic bosoms. His life exemplified not only an aura of something near to tragedy but also a genuine and clearly stated concern for domestic problems like the provision of food for wife and children which, although they stem from real experience, easily become archetypes of the wretchedness of the human condition. It is this feeling population that supported the piano companies like Broadwood and Clementi and the music which they sold. In Emma by Jane Austen, a shepherd's son is introduced into the middle-class parlour to sing and at another soiree Jane Fairfax plays 'Robin Adair' (Eileen Aroon) from Thomas Moore's collection of Irish Melodies. Jane Austen 's own transcriptions of songs from a variety of printed sources demonstrates her adeptness in music as does her extensive collection of printed music, much of which has survived. 13 If the world of her novels is a chronicle of middle-class behaviour then it is fair to assume that the currency of Irish and Scottish songs is an indication of their established and continuing popularity. It is probably significant that few of the men in Austen novels are shown to be able to play the pianoforte or are allowed the accompanying sensitivity about their prowess at the instrument. Although the Burns' lines, which are so often quoted in the addresses in J. Roy Stevens' volume ... man to man the war/o'er Shall brithers be for a' that are not intended as a strictly sexist delineation, they do suggest another reason why the emerging interest in the immediate past as well as contemporary revolutions might have gripped the early nineteenth century imagination. Byron's death at Missolonghi fighting for Greek independence is symptomatic of the romantic

94 preoccupation with freedom and a brotherhood united by a shared concern for liberty. Closer to Burns' time Wordsworth had written with enthusiasm about the progress of the French Revolution. Wordsworth increasingly became an establishment figure and Byron sold in goodly numbers so the precedents for revolutionary sympathies were long established and enduring. Burns simplified the revolutionary message by divesting it of political particularity. He was not concerned with the French Revolution as such even though it sent a chill through some parts of English society. Perhaps his membership of the St. David Masonic Lodge at Tarbolton consolidated his dedication to the idea of an extended brotherhood of man. There can be little doubt about the place of his Masonic connections in a part of his survival in memory and reputation but the message of much of his verse is for a brotherhood exclusive of partisan associations. Weaving both of these threads together, the parlour sentimentality and the people voice manifest in a call to universal brotherhood we must not overlook the element of retrospective national guilt. Burns, like Mozart, suffered the fate of those who die young and acme posthumous glory either through the machmations of a canny wife or out of that peculiar wisdom of hindsight that asserts that more should have been done to avert an early death and to recognise a prodigious talent. Henry Lawson turns this last realisation into an ironical aside about his own position. Oh weep for Bonnie Scotland's bard And praise the Scottish nation, Who made him spy and let him die Heart-broken in privation: Exciseman, so that he might yet Survive their winters' rigours­ Just as in southern lands they set The rhymer counting figures. Lawson 's 1925 editor, David McKee Wright in an introduction to Poetical Works writes: Of Lawson 's place in literature it is idle to speak. Something of what Burns did for Scotland, something of what Kipling did for India he has done for Australia, but he is not the least like either Kipling or Burns. There can be no meaningful comparison. Burns outshines the other two. I know of no statues of Kipling and only one of the Australian in the Sydney Domain where, as Lawson noted, 'Robbie's' (or 'Bobbie's') statue wa~ unveiled in 1905. The Scot escapes the limitations of parochialism. But Burn~ could not have imagined the vigour of the hagiographers who would build his numerous shrines or the eagerness of established critics to account for his popularity after he approached the publisher John Wilson at Kilmarnock two hundred years ago. He had a sufficient number of subscribers to enable him to proceed with his stated aim. As the author has not the most mercenary view in Publishing, as soon as so many subscribers appear as will defray the necessary expense, the work will be sent to the press. 14 The Kilmarnock edition was a resounding success and Burns was to add little else to his achievement with the exception of 'Tam O'Shanter' in 1790 and the work for Johnson and Thomson on Scots folksong. He spoke out of his experience with a turn of phrase that inclined his utterances towards universal proverbs. It is not surprising to find America and Australia with strong egalitarianism informing their sympathies (and their extensive Scots immigrant populations) revering Burns.

95 Neither is it inconsistent that his works have been translated into Russian and Chinese, these socialist states finding a sympathy for the sentiments and not the sentimentality.

Notes and references: 1. Lawson wrote this poem 'Robbie's Statue· in 1905 for the unveiling of the Sydney statue. Professor Colin Roderick gives details of the individual speakers m Henry Lawson: Collected Verse, (Vol. Two) p. 373 , but Lawson casts his nei over a broader population than this company. 2. Matthew Arnold, Essays in Criticism: Second Series, Macmillan, London, 1911 , pp. 43-53. 3. A 'cutty-stool' or 'creepie chair' is the chair of repentance used in church. 4. SeeAppendix, p.309in W. and R. Chambers. The LifeandWorksofRobertBurns, (4vols.).1857. 5. lbid. , p.311. 6. Matthew Arnold. 7. Matthew Arnold, Letters, Nov. 1880 , p. 184 . 8. Matthew Arnold. op. cit.. p. 51. 9. John Speirs. 'fhe Scots Literary Tradition. Faber and Faber. London. 1962. pp. 118-119. 10. See almost any of Wordsworth's late sonnets. The connection is not a matter of style or content but rather approach. Wordsworth, as the grand old man of Victorian verse, wrote with a publicly acceptable piety. Burns felt similarly obliged to try a contemporary fashion for the English pastoral. Both are exercises in a fashion and are limited by convention which restricts scope. 11. Thomas Crawford, Poems and Songs of Robert Burns, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1960. p. 261. 12. Speirs. op. cit .. p. 111. 13 . Sec Patrick Piggot. The ln11oce111 Diversion. Clover Hill Editions. London. 1979. 14. The document is reproduced in Robert Burns and his World, by David Daiches. Thames and Hudson, London, 1971 , p. 41.

96 ror u' tltat, t111' 11' t/Jat, It's co111i11' 11et for a' that, l7111t 111tm /~11111111 tlte world o'er Slrt1ff /Jritliers /Jc for 11 ' tltnt. Robert Burns­ the romantic years

Follow the Burns Heritage Trail into the Ayrshire Valleys and discover the countryside Burns knew as a farmer and poet. In Mauchline, where he spent most of his adult life, you can visit the house in Castle Street in which he lived with Jean Armour. Poosie Nansie's is still a public house today, and there you'll receive as warm a welcome as the poet did 200 years ago. Nearby in the grave yard of Mauchline Kirk, four of Burns' children are buried, as are many of his closest friends, such as Gavin Hamilton. Mossgiel Farm, still working today, can be seen from the National Burns Memorial, on the outskirts of the town. The town of Kilmarnock too played an important part in Burns' life. The famous Kilmarnock Edition was published in 1786 in a print shop now gone, but marked by a plaque in the town's modern Burns shopping mall. Many of Kilmarnock's citizens played their part in encouraging the ploughman poet, and the Burns Monument in the Kay Park is perhaps the most tangible tribute to Robert Burns. It is without argument that the Ayrshire Valleys played a major part in forging Robert Burns the poet and the man. Why not pay us a visit and see for yourself? Ayrshire Valleys Tourist Board 62 Bank Street Kilmarnock KA 1 1ER Tel: (0563) 39090

97 THE BURNS STATMENT OF INCOME AND lst May. 1986 to INCOME ORDINARY

Balance at lstMay, 1986 ...... £5.55 Annual Subscriptions: Current ...... 3891.93 Arrears ...... 730.00 Advance ...... 117.33 Federation Members ...... 1652 . . . . 07...... Affiliation Fees ...... 12.00 Badges ...... 324.00 Posters ...... 305.30 Envelopes ...... 287.01 Burns Checks ...... 152.00 Donations: Heather & Thistle Soc ...... 200.00 San Diego Burns Club ...... 103.. . . .99 ...... R.H. Jack ...... 5.00 West Midlands District ...... 50.00...... Bolton Burns Club ...... 703.26 1062.25

Miscellaneous ...... 9.00 Diplomas ...... 10.15 Cards ...... 23.75 Other Goods ...... 70.24 ...... '200'Club ...... llOO 00 Interest on Deposit Account ...... 13.50 Transfer from Reserve Fund ...... 2000.00 Overspent at 30th April. 1987 ...... 317.47

12083 55

CENTRAL

Balance as at 1/5/86 ...... £935.97 ...... £76008 1/2%TreasuryStock 1987/90(atcost) ...... 6706.00 £6000 National Savings Income Bond5 ...... 6000.000 G. M. Mackley Investment ...... 5000.000 Deposit Receipt (Dumfries Howff Burns Club) ...... 600.00 Interests on Treasury Stock ...... 1137.40 Interests on National Savings Bonds ...... 705.53 Interest on Deposit Account...... 190.57 Donation to St. Giles' Window ...... 95.00

21370.11

98 FEDERATION EXPENDITURE FOR THE PERIOD 30th April, 1987 EXPENDITURE FUND

Post ...... £530.03 Stationery ...... 556.02 Photocopies ...... 379.40 Salary and National Insurance ...... 6169.10 Expenses (Meetings, etc.) ...... 278.80 Gratuities ...... 115.00 Advertisements ...... 51.75 Engraving Chain ...... 8.00 Painting Office ...... 178.00 Insurance...... 557.12 Audit Fee ...... 391.00 Wreaths ...... 52.00 Tent ...... 299.00 Bank Charges and Interest ...... 124.24 Burns Check ...... 287.96 Cards ...... 18.00 Diplomas ...... 120.00 Poster ...... 1297.50 Badge' ...... 530.13 Calendar Design ...... 120.00 Other Gcods ...... 20.50

12083.55

FUND

Maintenance of Memorials: Grants Brae Well ...... £100.00 Leglen Wood Handrail ...... 150.00 Erskine Tombstone ...... 85.00 Half G. M. Mackley Interest to Literature Fund ...... 255.02 Deposit Receipt (D.H.B.C.) ...... 600.00 Balance at 30/4/87 ...... 2474.09 £76008V2% Treasury Stock (atco,t) ...... 6706.00 National Savings Income Bonds ...... 6000.00 G. M. Mackley Investment, 8V4% Treasury Stock 1987/90 ...... 5000.00

21370.11

99 SCOTTISH

Balance at btMay, 1986 ...... £31623 85 National Savings Income Bond'> .. . 20000 00 Burns Chronicle· Sale>to Members ...... 4241.05 Sales to Trade ...... 602 84 Advertisements .... . 1695.00 6538.89

Centenary Book ...... 110 25 Complete Works...... 3047.14 Donation,· AyrBurn,Club ...... 50.00 N. Dinwiddie ...... 750 00 Alloway Burns Club ...... 50 ()() Anonymou~ ... 500.00 1350.00

Donations to A. W Finlayson Memorial 177.00 889 62 The Burn~1an ...... Life of Robert Burns .. I0.87 Bairnsangs ...... 22.00 Burns Federation Song Book . . . . . 166 80 Other Books ...... 236.55 Complete Letters ...... 527.00 Esso Petroleum Company - Donation to Schools Competition' ...... 1500.00 Half Income from G. M. Mackley Investment (from Central Fund) ...... 255.02 Interest: National Savings Bonds .... . 2351 79 Deposit Receipt...... 1777.45 Dcpo,it Account ...... 320 18

70904.41

GENERAL

546.61 Balance at 1/5/86 ...... 384 04 Conference Collection 40 00 Donations ...... 11.45 Interest on Deposit Account......

982.10

100 LITERATURE FUND

Burns Chronicle: Editor's Allowance . £1150.00 Editor\ Expense; .... . 116 80 Pnnting ...... 6890 00 Prn,t 556.47 Advert1,ing Expenses ...... 25.00 8738.27

Complete Worb...... 23476.49 Complete Worb Editor's Fee ...... 3450 00 Complete Works Editor\ Expen'e' ...... 37.80 Complete Worb Post ...... 677.17 27641 46

A W Finlayson Memonal 333 25 Ba1rnsang' ...... 32.08 Scroll ...... 40.00 The Burnsian .. . 1860.00 Books 228.21 Complete Letters ...... 582.00 Schools Competition,· Printing ...... 1380.70 Expen'e' ...... 235.20 National Competition ...... 122.47 1738.37

Balanceat30thApril, 1987 ...... 9710 77 Nat10nal Savings Income Bonds...... 20000.00

70904 41

APPEALS FUND

Paid to Jean Armour Burns Houses...... 528.38 Paid to N alional Memorial Cottage' Home' ...... 448.38 Balance at 3014/87...... 5 34

982.10

101 RESERVE

Balance at 115/86 ...... 3400.74 London Conference ...... 854.99...... Kilmarnock Conference ...... 5069.19 Interest on Deposit Account...... 57.70

9382.62

ST. GILES

Balance at 115/86 ...... 587.82 Interest on Deposit Account...... 36.32

624.14

JOCK

Balance at 115/86 £150081/2% Treasury Stock (at cost)...... 1475.57 Adjustment on realisation of Stock ...... 24.43 Interest on Stock ...... 45.27 ......

1545.27

OVERSEAS

Balance as at 115/86 ...... 1378.22 Transfer from J. Dyall Bequest ...... 45.27 Interest on Deposit Account...... 90.47

1513.96

102 FUND

Kilmarnock Conference Expense;...... 133.75 Garden Festival ...... 250.00 Donation to Royal Caledonian Schoob ...... 500.00 Corporation Tax ...... 49.96 Transfer to Ordinary Fund...... 2000.00 Balance at 30/4/87 ...... 6448.91 ......

9382.62

RESTORATION APPEAL FUND

Paid to St. Giles'...... 624.14

624.14

DY ALL BEQUEST

Transfer to Visits Fund ...... 45.27 Balance at 30/4/87...... 1500.00

1545.27

VISITS FUND

Balance at 30/4/87 ...... 1513.96

1513.96

103 Motto--" A man's a man for a' that" The Burns Federation Instituted 1885 Hon. Presidents Mrs S G BAILLIE. JO Ehzaheth Street. Bcnalla 3672. V1etona. Au,tr.1ha WILLIAM J OLIVER. 2 Bellevue Street. Dunedrn. Nm Zealand G. W BURNETT. 40 Brecb Lane. Rotherham ALEXANDER C. COOK. 23 Main Street. Coal,naughton. T1llrcoultry M"JANE BURGOYNE. M A , clo McLeod. Cairn,ton. Drongan. Ay"hirc J D McBAIN. 33 Humblcdon Park, Sunderland R DICKSON JOHNSTON. 48 Ea't Clyde Street, Helcnshurgh, Dunhartonsh1rc M" W. G. STEWART. 17 Park Terrace. Tullrhodv. Clackmann,msl111e The Hon Dr GRANT MacEW AN 132 Hallhrook Dr S W . Calga1 >. Alhcrta, Candd,1. T2N 3N6 HUGH CUNNINGHAM, Carnck Lea. 99 Edmhurgh Road. Dumfnc' Mrs STELLA BROWN, 10 Elgar Road. Burwood. V1ctona. 312:1. Australra M"MIMA IRVINE, 'Ulvescroft'. 67 Bonet Lane. Bnmworth. Rotherham. Yorbhrrc TOM GRAHAM. Vrctona. Australra CHARLES MURRAY. 21 Mormon Road,Gladesvrllc, N SW. Austrdlra2111 LEWW REID. 'Lea Rrg,-. 152 Road. Garnsborough. Lrnc' DN12 IPN JAMES DAVIE. 11 Cornfrcld Ave , Oakes. Hudde"frcld WILLIAM JACKSON. Homcstcdd. Hmel, Coldstrcam. Berwrck,hrrc TD12 4LW NOEL DINWIDDIE. 34Great KmgStreet. DumfnesDGI IBD JAMES MASON, 83 Dorchester Wav. Kenton. Harrow HA3 9RD JAMES GLASS. 31 Glcnconner Roa.d. Avr KA7 311F GEORGE IRVINE. "Ulvcscroft", h7 Bon~t Lane Bnnsworth. Rotherham. Yorbhrrc Gordon M MACKLEY. 92b Rcnwrck Street. Marnckvrlk. NSW. Amtrdhd 22024 Mrss YVONNE H STEVENSON, Apt 1401. 415 M1chrgan Street. Vrctona. BC . Canada ALLAN STODDART, 35 Morton Avenue, Avr Professor ROSS ROY. Unrversrty of South Ca;olrna. Columhia. SC 29208. U S A SERGE HOVEY. Abramar Ave . Pacrf1c Palrsadcs. Calrfornra. US A Officials Prcsrdent Mr> ANNE GAW. 7 H1ghf1eld Place. GrrdlcToll. Imnc KAI 1 IBW Sentor Vrce-Pre.11(/ent HUTCHISON SNEDDON CB E . J P. 36 Sh,md Street. Wrshaw l\1L2 SHN Hon Secretlll\' and Hon Treu.1urer-JOHN INGLIS. Drck Instrtute. Elmh,rnk Avenue. Kilmarnock KA13BU Asmtant Sec retar\'- Mrs RITA TURNER, Dick Instrtutc. Elmhdnk A\ enuc. Kilmarnock KA I 313 U Schoo/; Competrtwm-JAMES GLASS, MA , 31 Glcnconner Road. Ayr KA 7 3HF Hon Legal Adwor-SCOTT I GALT. LL.B., 157 Hyndland Road, Glasgo" Gl2 9JA Publrcur Of freer-PETER WESTWOOD. 28 Stranka Avenue, Paisley PA2 9DW Hon E;luor-JAMESA MACKAY.MA. 11 Newall Terrace. Dum.fncsDGI lLN Past Presidents Mrs ENEZ LOGAN. 6 Hugh Watt Place. Krlmaurs. by Krlmarnock J. CONNOR. M.D (Can). L R C P (Edrn). L R CS (Edrn). L R FPS (Glas). 41 lndran Road. London, Ontano, Canada N6H LLA6 D WILSON OGILVIE. M A . F S A Scot , 'Lrngerwood", 2 Nelson Street. Dumfrre' DG2 9A Y JOHN INGLIS. 16Bcrry Drrvc, lrvrnc KAJ20L Y THOMAS D McILWRAITH. 8 S1hcrknowe' Bank. Edrnburgh EH4 5PD GEORGE ANDERSON. 49 Upper Bourtree Dme. Burnside, Rutherglen, Glasgow G 13 4EJ M" MOLLIE RENl"IE, 50 Loren Terrdee. Whrtlawburn. Cambuslang, Glasgow S K GAW. ·camasunary". 2 Krdsncuk Road. lrvrnc. Ayr>h1re KA 12 SSR A. C. W TRAIN. 71 Woodsrde Crescent. Newmarns. Lanarkshrrc ML2 9LA R A B. McLAREN, 11 South Lauder Road, Edrnhurgh EH9 2NB Mrs JANE BURGOYNE. M A . elo McLeod, Carrn,ton. Drongan. Ayrshrrc DANIEL J Mc!LDOWIE, J P . 'lnvermay'. Dounc Road, Dun blanc, Perth,hrre Dr J S MONTGOMERIE, MB .Ch B .. D.T.M &H., FSA. Woodsrdc,62 Murray Crescent. Lamla,h. Arran

104 W J. KING-GILLIES. Kmg,mu1r. 36 Queens Cre,cent. Edmhurgh EH9 2BA H GEORGE McKERROW.J.P. Wh1terne.6l Albert Road. Dumfne,DG29DL

District Representatives I A vr.1/we WILLIAM MORRISON. 19 Campbell Street. Newm1ln>. Ayr,hire Mr' P THOMSON. 52A Dundonald Road, Kilmarnock SAM HANNAH. 55 Ayr Road. Kilmarnock JAMES GIBSON. Cra1gowan CottJgc. 28 Brew land' Road. Symmgton. Ayr,h1re II Ed111hurgh T D McILWRAITH. 8 S1lvcrknowc' Bank. Edmhurgh EH4 5PD DA YID SCOBBIE. 23 Barlcyknowc Terrace. Gorebndgc GORDON GRANT. I Newm1lls Court. 464 Lanark Road We,t, Balerno. Edmhurgh EH 14 Ill G/a.1gott" ARCHIE McARTHUR. 33 Inchmead Dnve, Kelso. Roxburghsh1re TD5 7LW DOUGLAS BURGESS. I Wolfe Avenue. Newton Mearns. Glasgow G77 6TQ IV Dunhartomhireand Argyll Y Fife· CHARLES KENNEDY. IOI Dundon aid Park. Cardenden. Fife KY5 ODC VI Lanar/.. 1/11re T. N. PATERSON,90Branchelf1cldDrivc. Wishaw Mr' FREDA BUDDIE. 49 Jerv1cston Road. Motherwell VII. M1dand Ea.1t Lothrnn.1 and Bordet1 · VIII We.1t Lothum IX Renfrew.1/11re WILLIAM WILLIAMSON. 30 Ivanhoe Road. Foxbar. Pa1'1cy. Renfrewsh1rc X S11r/111g, Clackmannan and We.\/ Perth Sl11re.1 DOUGLAS McEWAN. 18 Auchcnba1rd. Sauch1e. All0a JAMES YA TES, 'Eildon '. A1rhe House, Carronvale Road. Larbert, St1rhng>h1re CHARLES DUTHIE. c/o St1rhng Castle, St1rhng XI Tay.11de regwn ALISTAIR M GOWANS, I Dryburgh Garden>. Dundee XII. Northern Sc ott1sh Co1111t1e.1 CLIFFORD PARR. 22 Moy Terrace, JnverncS> XIII Soll/hem Scott11h Co11nlle.1 · HUGH CUNNINGHAM. Carnck Lea, 99 Edmhurgh Road, Dumfries Mr> S KNIGHT. 17 Greenlca Road. Annan, Dumfnessh1re XIV London and So111h-Eastern England T F HODGE. 42 ElmroydAvenuc. Potters Bar, Hert>EN62EE XV North Ea.II England Mr' ANN DONNAN, 5 Buxton Gardens, Sunderland, Tyne & Wear XVI North We.1t England Mrs T G. DUN LOP. · Dmarth '. 16 Half Edge Lane, Eccles, Manchester M30 9GJ XVII Yorkslure DA YID HANNAH, Cedar Lodge. 17 Inglewood Avenue. B1rkby, Hudder>field. W YorksHD2 2DS J DAVIE, 11 Cornfield Avenue. Oake>. Huddersfield XVIII North and East M1dland.1 R. W TAYLOR. 26Summerlea Road, Leicester LE52GF L. JEAVONS. 36 Brunswick Road, Rotherham, S. Yorks S60 2RH XIX West M1dland.1 of England· J S MORRISON. 16 Erica Avenue, Woodland Park, Bedworth, Warw1cksh1re XX. South Western England J. SMITH, 3 Mmrcot Place, Coalsnaughton XXI Wales TOM RIDDOCK. 37 Newb1ggm Cre,cent, Tulhbody. Alloa. Clackmannanshire XXII Ireland JAMES HERON, 2 Harland Park, Belfast. N Ireland BT41HZ

105 XXIII Africa JAMES B CAMPBELL. 6School Lane. Upper Poppkton. York. North York,hirc Y026JS XXIV Au.1tralia D. J Mc!LDOWIE. lnvcrmay. Doune Road. Dunblane. Pcrth,hire ALLAN STODDART. 35 Morton A venue. Ayr XXV New Zealand· WILLIAM SCOTT. 'Oakf1cld'. Ayr Road. Larkhall. Ldnark,hirc XXVI. Canada Dr J CONNOR.41 Ind1dn Road. London. Ontano. Canada N6H 4A6 D. W OGILVIE. 'Lingcrwood'. 2 Nchon Street. Dumfnc' DG2 9A Y XXVII Nearand Middle Ea;t DONALD URQUHART. Glcbc Hou,c. 39 Glcbc Street. Durnil 1c' DG I 2LQ XXVIII US A ALAN R. BOOTH. ARINC Research Corp. 2551 Riva Road. Annapol" Md 21401. U SA XXIX. Europe DAVE SMITH. 22 Cargcnbndge. Troquecr. Dumfncs DG2 8L W

List of places at which the Annual Conference of the. Council has been held.

1885-93 Kilmarnock 1927 Derby 196. Dumfries 1894 Glasgow 1928 Aberdeen 1962 Durham 1895 Dundee 1929 Troon 1963 Stirling 1896 Kilmarnock 1930 Greenock 1964 London 1897 Greenock 1931 Hawick 1965 Hamilton 1898 Mauchline 1932 Stirling 1966 Troon 1~99 Dumfries 1933 London 1967 Sheffield 1900 Kilmarnock 1934 Glasgow 1968 Falkirk 1901 Glasgow 1935 Ayr and 1969 Southport 1902 Greenock Kilmarnock 1970 Arbroath 1903 Edinburgh 1936 Elgin 1971 Coventry 1904 Stirling 1937 Newcastle- 1972 Aberdeen 1905 Hamilton upon-Tyne 1973 Dumfries 1906 Kilmarnock 1938 Dumfries 1974 Edinburgh 1907 Sunderland 1940-46 Glasgow 1975 Dundee 1908 St. Andrews 1947 Du noon 1976 Leeds 1909 Dunfermline 1948 Stirling 1977 Motherwell 1910 Lanark 1949 Mauch line 1978 Glasgow 1911 Glasgow 1950 Bristol 1979 London. 1912 Carlisle 1951 Montrose Ontario 1913 Galashiels 1952 Norwich 1980 Leicester 1915-19 Glasgow 1953 Paisley 1981 Irvine 1920 London 1954 Sheffield 1982 Dumfries 1921 Dunfermline 1955 Edinburgh 1983 Annapolis, USA 1922 Birmingham 1956 Cheltenham 1984 Stirling 1923 Ayr 1957 Aberdeen 1985 London 1924 Dumfries 1958 Harrogate 1986 Kilmarnock 1925 Edinburgh 1959 Ayr 1987 Edinburgh 1926 Perth 1960 Glasgow 1988 Hamilton, Ontario

The Council did not meet in 1914 and in 1939.

106 FEDERATION MEMBERS Affiliated during year 1987 /88 Mr' M A. Stokes, 33 North Road, Carrickfergu,, N.I., BT38 8LP David Turnbull, 68 Dunalastair Drive, Stepps, Glasgow G33 6LX. John Ca1rney, 44 St. Vincent Crescent, Gla,gow G3 8NG Ian N. Stalker, 3135 Three Miie Road NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49505, U.S.A. Major John C. Paterson (Rtd.), Newlands, 35 Shorncliffe Road, Folkestone, Kent CT20 2NQ Mi'' J. E. Giiiespie, 40 Sand hill Garden,, Belfa't BT5 6FF Pamela E. Apkanan-Ru,,ell, PO Box 499. Winche,ter. NH 03470, U S.A. W. K. Dunwoody, 14 Torri,dalc Street, Coatbridgc, Lanark,h1re Rosemary Lockerbie, "Sereno," 14 Loganbarns Road, Dumfries. Miss Jean Annc,Icy, 190 Ballyclare Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim Sgt J. A. Graham, lst Bn. The Black Watch, Montgomery Bks., BFPO 45. Alistair B. Murning, 42 Station Road, Carluke, Lanarhhire. R. Paterson, Heath Cottage, 25 Long Street, Wheaton Aston, Staffs. STl9 9NF. Ian C. MacKenzie, 1515 Maryhill Road, Glasgow G20 9AB W. Wehlburg, Parralel Weg 22, Oo,terbeck, 6862 EK, Holland. William J McCreadie, c/o Molloy, 17 Westgate Prk. Dr., St Catharines, Ont., Canada L2N 5W6 Mrs Ma1'1e Egger, Union Road at Prospect Avenue, Paso Robles, California 93446, US.A. Kenneth S MacPherson, II, 908 Sunset, Pasadcna, TX 77506, U.S.A. Cynl M. Brown, 2228 Markham Ct., Lexington, Kentucky 40514, U.S.A. Tom Jarvie, 226-1220 Falcon Drive, Coqmtlam, B.C, Canada V3G 2G5. Jame' J. Scott, 34 Dawson Road, Broughty Ferry, Dundee Mark McLaughlin, Graham LOA, Calcada De Estrela 7SE, Lisboa 1200, Portugal Mrs Jamee Kelso, 2 Castle Street, Mauchline. James M. Mcintyre, 3908 Weber Way, Lexington, Kentucky 40514, U.S.A

LIST OF DISTRICTS I. Ayrshire - 41 Clubs: 4 Members 0 Kiimarnock 773 Cumnock Cronies 35 Dairy 811 Logangate, Cumnock 45 Cumnock 859 Irvine Eghnton Burns Club 173 Irvine 908 'Brithers Be', Kilmarnock 179 Dailly Jolly Beggars 920 Trysting Thorn 192 Ayrshire B.C. Association 931 Beith Caledonia 252 Alloway 933 Busbichill 274 Troon 936 Irvine Lasses 275 Ayr 948 Saltcoats Glencairn 310 Mauchline 954 Newton, Ayr 349 'Howff', Kilmarnock 982 Garnock 370 Dundonald 995 Drongan 377 K1lbirnie Rosebery 996 Kilmarnock Lodge St. Andrew 500 New Cumnock 1020 Netherth1rd and Craigen;, 593 Barrm1ll Jolly Beggars 1028 Mercat Hotel, Cumnock 632 Symington 1029 Kilwinning 664 West Kiibride 1039 Troon Ladies 671 S. Andrew's Cronies (Irvine) 1042 Kilmaurs Glencairn 681 Cronies, Kilmarnock 1064 Aftongrange 682 Cumnock Jolly Beggars 1071 Rattlin Squad, Ochiltree 772 Prestwick Secretary: J. H Bull, 49 Annanhill Avenue, Kilmarnock II. Edinburgh - 26 Clubs: 3 Members 5 Ercildoune 740 Thorntree Mystic 22 Edinburgh 784 Kelso

107 96 Jedburgh 813 Tranent '25' 124 Ninety 825 Clarinda Ladies 198 Gorebridge 929 Bathgate 212 Portobello 971 North Berwick 293 New Craighall 976 Hopetoun Laddies 307 Edinburgh Ayrshire Associat10n 979 Jewel Welfare 314 Edinburgh Scottish 992 Marchbank 340 Balerno 998 Eyemouth Clachan 341 Leith 1011 Haddington Golf Club 378 Edinburgh B.C. Association 1025 Newton Lad,, Midlothian 516 The Airts Burns Club 1031 Crammond Brig Secretary: Gordon Innes, 3 South Park, Trinity, Edinburgh Ill. Glasgow - 14 Clubs: I Member 7 Thistle 74 National Burns Memorial Home' 9 Royalty 169 Glasgow Burns Club Association· 33 Haggis 263 Masomc 36 Rosebery 581 Cumbernauld 49 Bridgeton 585 Queen's Park Clarinda 68 Sandyford 642 Rutherglen 72 Partick 1044 Lodge Burns Immortal Secretary: Scott I. Galt, 157 Hyndland Road, Glasgow Gl2 9JA

IV. Dumbarton, Argyll and Bute Shires - 5 Clubs: I Member 2 Alexandria 695 Kilmaronock 10 Dumb::rton 831 Lochgoilhead 580 Cumbrae Secretary: T. Wilson. 111 Brucehill Road, Dumbarton G82 4ER V. Fife - 12 Clubs: I Member 13 St. Andrews 803 Bowh11l People\ Club 62 Cupar 967 Earlsferry 85 Dunfermline 1013 Balmullo Burns Club 350 Markinch 1014 Traditional Music & Song Assoc. 688 Poosie Nansie Ladies, Kirkcaldy 1040 Cowdenbeath 768 Auchterderran Jolly Beggars 1074 Glenrothes Secretary: VI. Lanarkshire - 19 Clubs: 2 Members 20 Airdrie 809 Allanton Jolly Beggars 152 Hamilton 810 Thirty-seven Burn' Club 237 Uddingston Masonic 889 Strathclyde Motherwell 348 Newton Jean Armour 907 Stonehouse Burns Club 356 Burnbank Masonic 937 East Kilbride 387 Cambuslang Mary Campbell 939 Griffin 390 Meikle Earnock 949 Fir Park Club 392 Whifflet 961 Larkhall 494 Motherwell United Services 973 Salsburgh Miners 578 Lanarkshire B.C.A. Secretary: Ms. Ann Pickering, 95 Dyfrig St.. Shotts, Lanarkshire VII. Mid and East Lothians and Borders - 6 Clubs: I Member 187 Galashiels 1003 Whiteadder 239 Hawick 1026 Duns Burns Club 839 Coldstream 1067 Seton Burns Club

108 IX. Renfrewshire - 10 Clubs: 1 Member 21 Greenock 576 Fort Matilda 48 Paisley 748 Ouplaymmr 59 Gourock Jolly Beggars 944 Alamo, Paisley 430 Gourock 1034 Kilbarchan 472 Renfrewshire B.C.A. I065 Er&kine Secretary: Mr W. Wilham;on, 30 Ivanhoe Road, Paisley X. Stirling, Clackmannan and West Perth Shires - 33 Clubs: 3 Members 37 Dollar 850 Dollar Masonic 50 Stirling 865 Forester Arm; 116 Greenloaning 895 Westerton Burns Club 126 Falkirk 902 Newmarket Burns Club 399 St. Ri:vgans 911 Borestone Bowling Club 426 Sauchie 923 Old Manor Burns Club 469 Denny Cross 925 Laurie,ton 503 Dunblane 930 Wheatsheaf. Falkirk 510 I.C.I. Grangemouth 935 Torbrex, Stirling 543 Abbey Craig 993 Cambusbarron 630 Coalsnaughton !OOO United Gla&s 646 Clear Winding Devon, Alva 1022 Blane Valley 657 Fallin Burns Club 1055 Lhanbryde 665 Gartmorn Ladies 1059 Dundas 725 Ben Cleuch, Tillicoultry 1062 Ashburn House 769 Robert Bruce (Clackmannan) 1069 Falkirk Friday Night Club 824 Stirhng, Clackmannan & Perth Secretary: Ken Crozier, New Cottage, 21 Campbell Street, Dollar, Clackmannan XI. Tayside Regional Area - 9 Clubs: 1 Member 14 Dundee 360 Lochee, Dundee 26 Perth 627 Kinross 42 Strathearn 955 Gartwhinzean 82 Arbroath 1049 Lodge Campberdown 242 Montrose Secretary: Frank Curran, 250 Ro,emount Road, Dundee DD2 3TG

XII. Northern Scottish Counties - 13 Clubs: 1 Member 40 Aberdeen 698 Turriff 149 Elgin 723 Strathpeffer 336 Peterhead 733 Aberdeen Study Circle 403 Fraserburgh 897 Glenbervie 458 Stonehaven 921 Northern Scottish Counties Association 470 St Giles (Elgin) 1066 Fochabers 691 Inverness Secretary: Mi's Ethel Hall, 28 Whitehall Place, Aberdeen AB2 4PA XIII. Southern Scottish Counties - 24 Clubs: 2 Members 112 Dumfrie' Howff 660 The Langholm Ladies 217 Eskdalc 693 Ma;omc, Kirkcudbright 226 Dumfries 730 Wigton 323 Kirkcudbright 818 Dalbeattie and District 393 Annan Ladies 916 Hole I' the Wa' Burns Club 401 Brig-En (Waverley) 924 S.C.T.A. 437 Dumfries Ladies 926 Rosamond 530 Southern Scottish Counties B.C.A. 985 New Galloway 536 Wh1thorn 999 Dumfries Round Table

109 562 Castle Dougla> 1004 Gatehouse of Fleet 589 Solway 1057 Lochmaben Drouthy Neebor' 629 Sanquhar 1058 Stranraer Secretary: Donald R. Urquhart, Glebe House, 39 Glebe Street, Dumfries DGl lLQ XIV. London and South-Eastern England - II Clubs: I Member Burns Club of London 918 Dover and East Kent 492 Harrow Cal. Society 1032 Croydon 570 Scottish Clans Assoc1at1on 1047 Colchester 663 Bournemouth and Di>t. Cal. Soc. 1050 Hcrtford,hire 719 Chelmsford and District Scottish Society 1063 Caledonian Club London 743 Romford Scott1>h Associallon Secretary: T. F. Hodge, 42 Elmroyd Avenue, Potters Bar, Hert,. EN6 2EE XV. North-Eastern England - 7 Clubs: I Member 89 Sunderland 744 Durham and District Cal. Society 534 Bedlington and District 745 Northumberland and Durham Cal 696 Whitley Bay Society 699 Choppington 1030 Darlington Gaelic Society Secretary: A. S. Thom;on, 23 Sah;bury Avenue, North Shield;, Tyne & Wear NE29 9PD XVI. North-Western England - 14 Clubs: 2 Members 95 Bolton 754 Thornton Cleveleys and Distnct Scotti'h 236 Whitehaven Society 363 Barrow St. Andrew's Society 834 St. Andrew'> Society (Altnncham. Sale 366 Liverpool and Dist.) 417 Burnley and Distnct 956 Nantwich and Di;t. Scot. Society 436 Walney Jolly Beggars Ladies 989 Holt Hill 572 Chester Cal. Association 1008 Caledonian Soc. of W. Cumberland 618 Altrincham and Sale Cal. Society 1016 Leyland and D1;trict Burns Society Secretary: Mrs W G. Diggle. 18 Gorses Mount, D'Arcy Lever. Bolton, Lane,. XVll. Yorkshire - 18 Clubs: 2 Members 405 Sheffield 812 Bradford St. Andrew's Society 454 Rotherham 880 Otley and Distnct 548 Leeds Cal. Society 894 Beverley and D1stnct 551 Scarborough Cal. Society 943 Humberside Burn; Society 555 Harrogate St. Andrew's. Society 945 Kirklees Highland Society 556 Doncaster 969 Huddersfield St. Andrew 718 St. Andrew Society of York 972 Don Valley Caledonian Society 763 Wakefield Cal. Society 987 Hull 808 Pontefract and Dist. Cal. Society 1023 Skipton and Di>trict Secretary: Mr Harry McGuffog, 30 South Edge, Shipley. W. Yorks XVlll. North and East Midlands of England - 25 Clubs: 2 Members 11 Chesterfield Cal. Society 878 Worksop Burn> and Cal Club 17 Nottingham 887 Gamsborough District 55 Derby 917 Scottish President>' As,oc1ation 329 Newark and District 922 Clumber Burns Club 439 Barnsley Scottish Society 963 Cotgrave 461 Leicester Cal. Society 1015 Maltby 563 Norfolk 1037 Grimsby and Cleethorpc' 606 Corby 1051 Northampton 706 North Lindsey Scots Society 1053 Corby Grampian 720 Relford Cal. Society 1060 Hinckley

110 822 Mansfield Dist. Cal. Society 1072 Hazel Tree, Corby 866 Heanor and Di't. Cal. Society 1075 Sgian-Dhu. Corby 872 East Midland Scotfoh Society Secretary: A. Mclarty. Cruachan. 5 Vicarage Lane. Beckmgham. Doncaster DNlO 4PN XIX. West Midlands of England - to Clubs: I Member 167 Birmingham 683 Stratford Upon Avon 296 Walsall 777 Nuneaton Scotti'h Society 553 Wolverhampton 845 Tam o'Shanter, Covcntrv 559 Coventry Cal. Society 1005 Tamworth & District Sc;)t. Soc. 661 Leammgton and Warwick Cal. Society 1036 Wc't Midland; Secretary- D. Jones, 23 Aynho Close. Mount Nod, Coventry CVS 7HH

XX. South-Western England - 7 Clubs: I Member 120 Bristol 721 Plymouth Burm. club 446 Herefordshire 791 Swindon and Di,tnct 462 Cheltenham Scottish Society 951 Birnbeck. We,ton-super-Mare 535 Plymouth and D1st. Cal. Society Secretary: Jame' Graham. 27 Collum End Rise. Cheltenham GL53 OPA XXI. Wales - 2 Clubs: I Member 444 Swansea and We;t Wales 940 Pembrokeshire Cal. Society XXII. Ireland - 3 Clubs: l Member 15 Belfast 1010 H. W. Burns Club, Belfast 1018 East Antrim Burns Association XXIII. Africa - 5 Clubs: I Member 896 Sierra Leone 964 Gambia Caledonian Society 934 Manama Caledonian Society 1052 facom Club (Koeberg) 962 Pretoria Caledonian Society XXIV. Australia - 20 Clubs: 2 Members 523 N .S. W. Highland Society 965 Royal Cal. Society of S. Au;tralia 566 Scottish Soc. and Burn; Club of Australia 977 Whyalla 711 Victorian Scottish Union 984 MacQuarie Stewart 726 Melbourne 991 Cabra Vale 864 Burnie Burns Club, Tasmania 1002 McQuarrie Fields 874 Melbourne Mawnic 1027 Scottish Australian Heritage Council 882 Canberra Highland Society 1038 Brisbane 890 Wollongong Burm, Society 1043 R. Burns Soc. of S. Australia 919 Orange and District 1054 Hunter Valley 950 Drummoyne 1056 Toowoomba XXV. New Zealand - 3 Clubs: I Member 69 Dunedin 915 Canterbury Burns Club 851 Aukland Burns Association Secretary: William Scott, 'Oakf1eld', Ayr Road. Larkhall, Lanarkshire XXVI. Canada - 19 Clubs: 2 Members 197 Winnipeg 946 Calgary 303 Victoria (B.C.) St. Andrew's Society 957 Ottawa 501 Galt 974 Elliot Lake 561 London (Ontario) 980 Niagara Falls 571 Edmonton Bums Club 983 Montreal General Hospital

111 710 Toronto 1009 Edmonton Scottish Soc. 841 Robert Burns Association of Montreal 1012 Edmonton Dundonald Burns Club 842 Ye Bonny Doon, Hamilton, Ontario 1041 Nanaimo 893 North Bay B.C., Ontario 1078 Vancouver 927 Tarbolton Club, Edmonton XXVIII. U.S.A. - 23 Clubs: 2 Members 220 St. Louis 994 Midlands, Columbia 238 Atlanta 1001 Mystic Highland Pipe Band 284 Philadelphia 1006 St. Andrew's Soc. of Mexico 701 Detroit 1007 Rhode Island 826 Charlotte, N.C. 1017 Southwick Burns Club 870 Massachusetts 1035 Kansas City 941 San Diego 1045 Heather and Thistle Soc. 958 Toledo 1068 Central Kentucky 966 Clan Rose Soc. of Amenca 1070 Milwaukee 978 Dickeyville 1073 Erie, PA. 981 Berkshire, Mass. 1077 Tuba 986 Annapolis Secretary: Alan Booth, 2251 Riva Road, Annapoh~. Maryland, U.S.A. XXIX. Near and Middle East - 4 Clubs: I Member 959 Bangkok St. Andrew Society 1033 Java St. Andrew\ Soc. 021 Kuwait Caledonians 1048 Hong Kong XXX. Europe - 2 Clubs: 1 Member 727 The St. Andrew Society of Denmark 1061 Brussel>

THE HOUSE OF MACPHERSON Highland Outfitters of Distinct/on

' HUGH MACPHERSON I~ ~i (SCOTlAND) lTD. 17 WEST MAITLAND STREET HAYMARKET, EDINBURGH EH12 5EA (Western continuation of Princes Street) BURNS Phone: 031 ·225 4008 24hr Answering Service Edcath(R) CRYSTAL Bagpipes, Kolts, Tartan Skirts, Clan Tartans, Premier Pipe Band Drums and all Accessories, Highland Dress for Day and Evening Wear, Unit 8, Station Yard Pipe Band Uniforms, Evening Sashes, Dance Pumps, Tartan Travel Rugs, Mohair Stoles and MAUCHLINE KAS SBA Scarves, Clan Plaques, Knitwear, Scottish Jewellery .----Oaehc and other Scottish books Telephone: Fast dehvery - Pnce hsts by return. 'The Wandering Highlander', the fascinating Mauchline 50155 autobiography of Hugh Macpherson, 205 pages, 18 pictures, 18 chapters. A must for all Scots at home and abroad, Canada 1O dollars, Mon.-Fri. 9.00 a.m.-5.00 p.m. USA 9 dollars, both inc. aor post. Home £2 50 Sat., Sun. 9.30 a.m.-4.00 p.m. one. p & p. (In aid of Research into Kidney Diseases.) (Seasonal) Everything for the Poper, Drummer and Dancer - NOTHING BUT THE BESTI

112 ANNUAL CONFERENCE EDINBURGH 1987

Clubs represented: 0 Kilmarnock Burns Club (3) 454 Rotherham and Di,tnct Scott1'h 1 Burns Club of London (2) A''ociation (2) 14 DundeeBurnsClub(l) 461 Leice,ter Caledonian Society ( 3) 15 Belfast Burns As,ociation (3) 494 Motherwell United Service' 21 Greenock Burn' Club (3) Burn' Club (I) 22 Edinburgh Burns Club ( 1) 530 Southern Scottish Countie' Burn' 26 Perth Burns Club (3) Club(3) 36 Rosebery Burns Club ( 1) 551 Scarborough Caledoman Society 40 Aberdeen Burns Club (1) (3) . 55 Derby Scotti'h Association & 559 Coventry & District Caledoman Burns Club (2) Society (2) 74 Burns Memorial & Cottage 561 London (Ontario) Burns Club (I) Home; (1) 566 Scotti'h Society & Burns Club of 89 Sunderland Burns Club (2) Australia (2) 95 Bolton Burns Club (2) 578 Lanarkshire Association of Burns 112 Howff Club Dumfnes ( 1) Clubs(3) 124 Ninety Burns Club, Edinburgh 581 Cunibernauld & Di;tnct Burns (1) Club (2) 173 lrvineBurnsClub(2) 589 Solway Burns Club (I) 167 Birmingham & Midland Scotfoh 606 Corby Stewart' & Lloyds Burns Society (2) Club(l) 169 Glasgow & District Burns 630 Coalsnaughton Burns Club ( 1) Association ( 1) 632 Symington Burns Club (2) 192 Ayr,hire As,ociation of Burns 681 Kilmarnock Cronies Burn' Club Clubs(3) (2) 217 Eskdale Burns Club (2) 696 Whitley Bay & Di,trict Soc. of 226 Dumfrie,BurnsClub(3) St Andrew (2) 252 Alloway Burns Club (3) 699 Choppington Burns Club (3) 263 Glasgow Masonic Burns Club (3) 701 Detroit Burns Club (2) 275 Ayr Burns Club (3) 718 St Andrew Society of York (3) 307 Edinburgh Ayrshire A'sociation 763 Wakefield Caledonian Society (2) (2) 769 Robert Bruce Burns Club ( 1) 336 Peterhead Burns Club ( 1) 809 Allanton Jolly Beggars Burn' 349 Howff Burns Club, Kilmarnock Club (3) (3) 812 St Andrew Society of Bradford 360 Lochee Burns Cluh (3) (1) 366 Liverpool Burns Club (2) 813 Tranent "'25" Burns Club ( 1) 378 Edinburgh District Burns Club; 845 Tam O' Shanter Club, Coventry Association (2) (3) 387 Cambuslang Mary Campbell 887 Gainsborough & District Burns Club (3) Caledonian Society (2) 393 Annan Ladies Burns Club (2) 889 Strathclyde Bonnie Jean Burns 437 Dumfries Ladies Burns Club No Club(!) 1 (3) 916 Hole 1' the Wa' Burns Club(l)

113 917 Scottish President~ A~sociation 1016 Leyland & District Burns Society (3) (2) 922 Cl umber Burn~ Club ( 1) 1022 Blane Valley Burns Club (3) 926 Rosamond Burns Club (2) 1024 North American Association of 936 Irvine Lasses Burn~ Club (3) Federated Burnsian~ ( 1) 939 Griffin Burns Club (3) 1036 West Midlands District of 941 Robert Burns Club of San Diego England (2) (1) 1043 Robert Burns Society of South 943 Humberside Burns Society (3) Australia (2) 945 Alamo Burns Club ( 1) 1045 Heather & Thistle Society. 945 Kirklees Scottish Highland Houston (1) Society (3) 1049 Lodge Camperdown Masonic 961 Larkhall Burns Club (3) Burns Club (2) 965 Royal Caledonian Society of 1062 Ashburn House Burns Club (1) South Australia ( l) 969 Huddersfield St Andrew Society 28 Members of the Executive Commit- (1) tee. 980 Niagara Falls Burns Club ( 1) A.G.M. President Jim Connor welcomed the delegate~ to the lOOth Annual General Meeting. He pointed out that although the Federation was established in 1885, the Council had not met in 1914 and 1939. The President paid tribute to George Vallance, Past President: Sam Hay, Curator of the Bachelors Club, Tarbolton and the Rev. James Currie, all of whom had died in the previous year. He asked the council to observe a minute's silence in memory of them and all those who had worked at club level and had pa~sed on in the last year.

Apologies Scottish Society & Burns Club of Australia, Robert Burns Club of Australia. Murray Blair, Noel Dinwiddie, Bill Scott. Mrs Jane Burgoyne, Hutchison, Stuart Thomson, Mr & Mrs J. B. Bell. After introducing overseas visitors, the President announced that immediately after the meeting there would be the opportunity to see and hear something about Hamilton, Ontario. Minute Adoption of the Minute of the Meeting of the Council held on 13th September. 1986, was moved by Mr John Smith, United Glas~ Jolly Beggar~. ~econded by Mr Tom Riddock, Ashburn House Burns Club. Secretary's Report The Secretary, Mr W. Anderson. in presenting his report, added that negotiations were continuing with the airlines with regard to the Canadian flight in 1988. He also reported the improvement in Headquarters' ability to cope with its workload due to the employment of a Y.T.S. assistant (Miss Lynn Bradley). Over the years some concern has been expressed as to the future of the Federation. but looking back over the last twenty or so years. it becomes apparent that the need for the Federation, as expressed in the number of Clubs registered, has remained fairly constant. This year has been unremarkable in this way and though some Clubs have gone, an equivalent number have affiliated so as to give an unchanged total. As with Clubs, so with individuals. This year we have lost Past President George Vallance. Although he had been ill for some time, George will be remembered by many delegates as the Convener of the Memorial Committee for many years and he will be

114 sadly missed. However, although ~talwart~ can never be replaced, new activists, like Clubs, do become available and the Federation's future is secure. Communication with members has always been an area of concern to me and I have again been happy to meet members from overseas who have visited Headquarters. Despite the cost of long distance calls. secretaries and members of overseas club~ have regularly been on the phone to Kilmarnock. Such increa~ed contact can only benefit the Federation. Conference In 1986. for the first time in 50 years. Kilmarnock was the venue for the Annual Conference of the Burns Federation. Business was enacted as efficiently a~ ever, but for most delegates it was the friendship they experienced which will be remembered. Our sincere thanks are due to Kilmarnock & Loudon Di~trict Council for all the help they provided to the Federation and the Ayrshire Association. Sales Despite a continuing drop in sales to Schools (the ubiquitous photocopier?) we continue to respond to requests for books and other goods, often from overseas Club~. The Complete Works and the Federation Songbook are still best sellers. Due to their being out of stock at the time of peak demand, comparatively few Club Membership cards have been sold this year, but badges have ~old steadily.

Committee~. Conveners and Comm1tmenb Detailed reports will be given ebewhere, but when I mention the Burns Chronicle, the National Schoolchildren's Competition, the Burns Calendar, the Coat of Arms, the Complete Letters, The Schools Competitions, the Burn~ Poster and the Glasgow Garden Festival, some indication is given of the volume of work being undertaken on behalf of the Federation by Committees, Conveners and mdividual members. I wish to record the ass1~tance given to me by all Conveners, by Mrs Turner. the Assistant Secretary and by our President. Dr. James Connor. No. of Clubs on Roll as at October, 1986 371 Resigned and disbanded: 365 Catrine Burns Club 563 Norfolk Caledonian Society 821 Ayr Masonic Burns Club 900 Irvine Valley Burns Club 914 Ipswich & West Moreton Cal. Soc. & Burns Club 1019 Rumbling Bridge Burns Club 6

365 Re-affiliated: 826 Robert Burns Society of North Carolina Affiliated: 1067 Seton Burns Club 1068 Robert Burns Society of Central Kentucky 1069 Friday Night Burn~ Club, Falkirk 1070 Robert Burns Society of Milwaukee 1071 The Rattlin' Squad, Ochiltree 6 371

No. of Federation Members on Roll as at June 1987 228

115 Adoption of the Secretary's Report was moved by Mr R. A. B. McLaren. seconded by Mrs Mirna Irvine.

Financial Report Mr T. Mcllwra1th, Convener of the Finance Committee. reported that the Ordinary Fund at 30th April had been overspent by £317.47. while the Literature Fund had shown a credit balance of £9,710.77 He expres~ed the F~deration's gratitude to Gordon Mackley of Australia, Noel Dinwiddie of Dumfries and also E~'o Petroleum for their continued generosity and ~upport. He pointed out that the Central Fund had a balance of £3,074.09, the Reserve Fund £6,448.91 (the latter mainly due to the healthy surplus from the Kilmarnock Conference) and the overseas Visit Fund £1,513.96. The money in the General Appeals Fund had now been passed over to the Jean Armour Burns Houses and the Nat10nal Memorial & Cottage Homes. The St. Giles Burns Memorial Window Fund had been clo~ed and the money passed to the St. Giles Authontie,.

In closing hi' report he ~tres~ed the importance of all delegates selling Burns Chronicles and other Federation publications. In response to a question from Mr D. Urquhart, it was 'tated that at the end of the Financial Year, approximately £5.235 profit had been realised from the Complete Works and a substantial number of copie' were still in ~tock. Mr John Little, Ye Bonnie Doon Burns Club. moved adoption of the Finance Report, seconded by Mrs Rita Cowan.

Editor's Report Mr J. Mackay reported that it had been a truly momentous year. with more activity on the literary front than he could remember at any time since he took up the job in 1977.

The most out~tanding event had been, of course, the companion volume to the Complete Works - the book dealing with the Complete Letters of Burns. He recalled that the motion to undertake this task was carried unanimou~ly at the Kilmarnock Conference. He was pleased to report that it was now at page proof ~tage. Unfortunately, the re,ponse to the appeal for subscribers was poor. Indeed, at one ~tage it looked as if the project might have to be aborted. He was relieved to report. however. that there were eventually about 1070 subscribers - well below our target of 2000, but just enough for the printing to go ahead without incurring a loss for the Federation. It meant however, that the Complete Works was being offered to subscribers at cost price. While £22.50 may have seemed like a lot of money, it was actually the publishing bargain of the year. He was somewhat disappointed at the poor response. The only person at the meeting who had any idea of the colossal amount of work involved m 'uch a project was Professor Ross Roy who had flown from South Carolina to be present. Similarly Mr Mackay now had a better understanding of the size of task undertaken when Professor Roy edited the Oxford Edition of the Letters. Only about a quarter of the sub~cribers to the Poems had also ~ubscribed to the Letters. Second in importance to the launch of the Letter' had been the revolution in the Chronicle. After 60 years, printing had been transferred to Scottish & Universal Newspapers and the Editor thanked Peter Westwood for the help he had been able to provide as the Federation's Publicity Officer and an executive of S.U.N. Also on Peter's

116 broad shoulders had fallen a great deal of the labour mvolved in the production of the sister publication, the quarterly Burnsian tabloid. The Editor hoped to make considerable improvements in the Burnsian over the coming year, but urgently needed delegates' help. The price of £2 a year barely covered postage and packmg and it would be necessary to increase the circulation m order to satisfy advertisers. If enough advertising could be attracted the paper could pay for itself and it would then be po,sible to issue it free to everyone who wanted it. Mr Mackay felt confident that this could eventually be achieved but it rested with delegates to help with distribution. The Editor pleaded for Club Secretarie5 to curb their literary ardour and confme their reports to a maximum of 300 word5. Despite his comment5 on thi5 5ubject at the previou' Conference he was still being inundated with reams of verbiage, which, he had been informed had almost caused a walkout by print operatives at S.U.N.! He asked Club Secretaries to remember the old Chine5e Proverb - 'a picture i5 worth a thousand words'. He would far rather get some good pictures of Club activities with lengthy captions than a long ~aga of who toasted the lassie~ and a precis of so and so'5 Immortal Memory. The Fourth Edition of the Burnsian was before delegates and thq would see that once agam it had been necessary to dip into the precariously slender profits to expand the paper pages from eight to twelve. Mr Mackay emphasised that there was no deadline for copy. Reports mi55ing one i55Ue would appear in the next. Material should still be sent to Mr Mackay for editing, rather than to Peter, as had sometimes happened. This would save both time and money. The Editor pointed out that, with the new look Chronicle, he had dispensed with the old numbering system and reverted to a whole number - 97. This would serve to remind delegates that the Chronicle would be celebrating its centenary in the not too distant future. He hoped he would be spared to be in the editorial chair at that historic moment. He hoped that the Chronicle itself would be spared the economic trials and tribulations of these hard times; but, as in everything the Federation does 1t must rely very heavily on members' support. Delegates were entreated to convey this message to Club member5. Mr J. Davie, Huddersfield moved adoption of the Editor's report, seconded by Mr G. Morrison, Kansas City, St Andrews Society.

Schools Competitions Report Mr J. Glass, Convener, submitted the following report: The continuing decline in the school population, which has led mevitably to closures in certain areas, and the difficulties and frustration plagumg schools in recent year~ have undeniably affected adversely the competitions, but thankfully to only a limited extent. Indeed the number of participating schoob has risen to 687, eight more than last year and a hopeful development has been an increase in the number of Secondary departmenb taking part. The Burns Federation 1s extremely grateful to dedicated head Teachers and Staffs for their support and co-operation during a most critical period and to Education Authorities for the invaluable assistance given in administering the competitions. A word of praise is also due to the printers, Messrs. Dinwiddie Grieve for prompt and efficient service.

Statistics Recitation ...... 82,829 Scottish Literature (written) ...... il,618 Total No. of Competitors ...... 120,185 Singing ...... 8,618 Accompanying ...... 556 No. of Schools...... 687 Scottish Music (instrumental) ...... 3,123 Individual Project Work ...... 6, 114 No.ofCertificates ...... 11,961

117 The Recitation and the Singing section~ ~till attract the largest number of competitors although the figures for all sections remain at a ~ati~factory level. The new section introduced to allow Secondary departments to adopt a thematic approach to Scottish Studies, namely Individual Project Work, proved quite successful, and produced 1,057 entries.

ESSO Petroleum Company In view of the escalating cost of funding the Schoob Competitions the Burns Federation is greatly indebted to the Esso Petroleum Company for once again providing the most generous donation of one thousand five hundred pounds for this work.

Art Competition The 1987 Art Competition brought a most encouraging response and quite a number of the interesting paintings submitted displayed a talent of a high order and a most skilful use of colour. The judges were particularly impressed by the excellence and maturity of treatment of the Primary entries. Paintings were ~ent in by Secondary schoob, the first for a number of years, and it 1s earnestly hoped that this augurs well for increased participation in future. The "Toshio Namba" Art Trophy awarded annually to the Primary school producing the winner of the first prize went this year to Glenburn Primary School. Prestwick. The individual prize-winners in both sections of the Art Competition received book tokens and also those pupils whose entry was commended. Certificates of merit were awarded to all pupils whose work reached the appropriate standard. Miss Linda Smith, a teacher in Albert Primary School, Airdrie, is at present on a year-long teaching-exchange visit to Parkside Elementary School, Oelwin, Iowa, U.S.A. She has been granted permission by the Education Authorities to undertake a Burns project with her class of ten-year old pupils, and has written expressing thanks for materials and merit certificates sent and reporting that the scholars are responding well. Mr Stewart, a teacher in Ramsay School, Banff, sent in an interesting account of a Burns competition arranged for his Special School pupils of Secondary age. Despite their handicaps the pupils had mastered several of the poems and songs of the Bard and had performed these before an admiring audience of parents and friends. Needless to say they were delighted to receive merit certificates from the Burns Federation to mark their achievement. In April, 1987 a letter was received from Crockett High School, Alamo, Tennessee saying that it was proposed shortly to introduce the Honours English IV class to Robert Burns and his work, and requesting information. Copies of "Robert Burns Scotland" by Andrew Fergus and of "Robert Burns" by Pitkin Pictorials were sent to the school together with a list of suggested publications and a number of pamphlets on the poet. It is hoped that these will prove of some assistance in preparing the ground for a study of the bard.

New Trophies Two new trophies were generously gifted to the Burns Federation this Session, one by Tayside and one by Stirling District. The Tayside trophy will be used for the instrumentalist section of the National Burns Competition. The Stirling District one, intended to honour the memory of the late Alex Mclver, will be awarded to the winning school in the Individual Project Work section of the Federation Schools Competitions, Primary Department. Once again an appeal is made to Burns Clubs and Societies to send in brief reports on their involvement with schools or outlining the steps taken in their area to interest their

118 young people in the work of Robert Burns and Scottish literature in general. The following Clubs and Societies are sincerely thanked for the u5eful information 5upplied and warmly congratulated on the success of their efforts. Allanton Jolly Beggars Burn5 Club, Alloway Burns Club, Ayr Burns Club. Ayr,hire Association of Burns Clubs. Ayrshire Writers' & Arti,ts' Society. Birnbeck Burns Club, Weston-Super-Mare, Busbiehill Burns Club. Howff Burns Club. Kilmarnock. Irvine Lasse5' Burns Club, Lanarkshire Association of Burn' Club,, Renfrewshire As,ociation of Burns Clubs, Southern Scottish Counties Burns Association. In conclmion I wish to express my appreciation of the helpful advice and encouragement given to me by the President, the Hon Secretary. the As'i'tant Hon Secretary and the members of the Schools Competition' Committee

Prize Winners Primary Schools bt Mark Sherry Glenburn Pnmary School. Pre<,tw1ck 2nd Fraser Crawford Bl'hopton Primary School, B1shopton 3rd Gordon McCutcheon Belmont Primary School. Stranrder 4th Suzanne Hale Glenburn Primary School, Prc5tw1ck 5th Neil Morri5on Ganlenro'>e Pnm:1ry School. Maybolc

Commended Fiona Bannerman Glebc Pnmary School, lrvme Ian Meek Gardenro\c Pnmary School. Maybolc Angela Rae Longhaugh Pnmary School, Dundee John Rainey Haldane Pnmarv School. Balloch Bryan Walker Gardcnro5e Pri~iary School. Maybole Number of Entne' - 714

Prize Winners Secondary Schools lst Kenny Alexander Carrick Academy, Maybole 2nd Sarah Quinton Brannock High School. Newarth1ll 3rd Avnl Jamie;on Brannock High School, Newarthtll 4th Aileen Ro;s Brannock High School, Newarth1ll Sth John Paul Collms Sacred Heart Academy, Girvan

Commended Kir;teen G1b,on Carrick Academy. Maybolc Number of Entries - 21

National Burns Competition The second National Burns Competition for Scottish School-Children took place in the Magnum Theatre, Irvine and was most successful, despite the drop in the number of competitors. Four Districts took part, Tayside, the Southern Scottish Counties, Lanarkshire and Ayrshire, and the children thoroughly delighted an appreciative audience with the high quality of their performance. The winning team was Tayside and the McLaughlan Trophy was presented to its proud members by Mrs Enez Logan, Junior Vice-President. Mrs Peggy Thomson and the members of the sub-committee responsible for organising the event are to be thanked for their hard work and complimented on the succes' of the venture. Correspondence throughout the year followed the usual pattern with a 5teady 5tream of letters requiring attention. Here it is gratifying to observe the interest of the writers m their Scottish heritage. He added that since the report had gone to print this year\ National Schoolchildren's

119 Competition had been held in Dundee. Support had not been what it could have been hoped for, but the standard of entries had been encouraging. Mr Gowarn. felt it ~hould be understood that if a di~trict could not get a full team. competitors could yet compete for individual prizes although the possibility of winning the team trophy would be diminished. It was also ~uggested that some areas might wish to enter two teams. It was agreed that the Schools Committee would give thi~ con~1deration. Mr A. Stoddart moved adoption of the Schools Competition~ Report, seconded by Mrs Mirna Irvine.

Scottish Literature Committee Report Convener Wibon Ogilvie reported that this had been an exciting year for the Committee. with the Federation still enjoying the fruits of the success of the Bicentenary Edition of the "Complete Work~ of Robert Burns". 2.000 subscnbers had helped to finance this great venture, and now the Souvenir Edition (£9.95) was ju~tifiably providing a best seller. Needless to say, the ~tature of our friend Jim Mackay. as its editor had reached even greater heights. The Burns Song Book continued to ~ell well while Peter Westwood had produced a very eye-catching Burns Poster. A Federation Calendar was also on the market. Our 1987 "Chronicle" wa~ again well received, while an exciting new development was the quarterly "Burnsian" in tabloid new~paper format. This would allow Burns news and views to be circulated more regularly in an attractive readable form. Jim Mackay and Peter Westwood were to be congratulated for their great enthusiasm and technical "know-how". One problem remained however despite the universal praise for the publication too few Burnsians were paying the very reasonable £2 ~ubscription for four copies per anm.1.m. Delegates were asked to become subscribers and to encourage maximum support from their Club and District. If a large circulation was guaranteed, advertising would subsidise the cost. Material was always required by the editor. If the Burnsian became established it was likely to make the Chronicle a more ~aleable product to people outwith the Federation. with a possible increase in sales. After the success of The Complete Worh, Conference immediately gave approval for the edition of the Complete Letters of the Poet, something felt to be most worthwhile. Subscriptions had been available at £22.50 but despite the trojan effort~ in many quarters the response had been disappointing. The Editor recommended the Letters as an essential tool in the study and enjoyment of Burns. In the wider field of Scottish Literature much had been happening. Ayrshire's Borderline Theatre Company had produced an excellent "Gillespie" based on the very fine - but tragically little-known novel of that name. Another production from the Edinburgh Festival of '86 which went on tour was "Wallace", in modern dress and the centenary of the Poet Edwin Mmrs birth excited a fair degree of interest in the Orcadian·~ life and works. A fine biography of Compton MacKenzie was published and an updated Roget's Thesaurus was edited in Edinburgh. Canongate Publishing Ltd., of Edinburgh continued to help the cause of Scottish literature for adults and children with some exciting titles including a long-awaited paper-back of James Barke's epic "Land O' the Leal" as well as some works by the Bard's great admirer James Hogg - The Ettnck Shepherd. The James Hogg Society - a scholarly body of which your convener is a very ordinary member - continued to thrive and create a great deal of interest in the writer. The Society passed on its good wishes to the Federation. The Convener closed by thanking his committee, along with Federation Secretary and Assistant Secretary, for all their help, support and encouragement. To these were added Editor Jim and Publicity Officer Peter on whom the Federation had become increasingly

120 dependent and whose effort mu't never be taken for granted. Mr Ogilvie said that m addition to those ment10ned in hi5 report one to whom we mu't be very grateful was Junior Vice-Pre,1dent Anne Gaw who had undertaken the task ot obtain mg advertising for both the Chronicle and the Burn,ian. It wa' becau'e of Anne·, success that prices could be kept a' they were. He again expres,ed the Federation's d1,appointment that 2000 'ub,cnbers had not been found for the Letter,, a book of 900 pages containing 715 letter'>. The Federation was fortunate that Alloway Publishmg had been willing to make alteration<; to the contract. A few copies of the first Souvenir Edition of the Complete Worh are 'till available from Headquarters. Mr T. Riddock moved adoption of the Scottish Literature Report. 'econded by Mr C. Kennedy. Memorials Committee Report Convener Sam Gaw paid tribute to the sterling work done by people like the late George Vallance and Sam Hay. who had devoted their lives to promoting the Burm Heritage Trail. He >tressed the importance of the work done by local Committee' in maintaining monument,. He reported that the year had been "a gey fush1onle's affair" le" exc1tmg than previous year,, but marked with 'teady achievement in some area,. Individual and Club effort' had secured a new life for many places associated with Burnsians: The Le glen Memorial. Ayr. had had acce'5 made easier for the infirm: the burial aisle of the Glenca1rn' at Kilmaurs had been restored: The Grants Brae Monument to Burns' Family at Haddington had again been renovated; and at Erskme Kirkyard the memorials to Giibert Burns' wife and son had been repaired. Grants Brae at Haddington had been home to Burns' mother, his brother Gilbert and his family whrn Gilbert was factor to Lord Blantyre. On Gilbert'<; demi5e, Blantyre settled the family on his other e'tate at Erskine where today lie buried the widow Jean Breckenridge, and her 'on James. Jean, a Kiimarnock las5, wa' mother to >ix sons and five daughters. No account had been forthcoming as to what 'he did in her spare time.

Tourism and Burns As predicted, the opening of the Robert Burn' Centre at Dumfne' and the opening of a quality restaurant in a tasteful conversion of Burns second home. Mount Oliphant Farm, has once again shown the drawing power of Burns in the context of Scott1'h Tourism. The National Burn' Memorial at Mauchline had been reprieved thanks to its conversion by the Ayrshire Valleys Tourist Board to the jomt use of information Centre and Mu,eum. but unhappily, the Gla,gow Venne! Heckling Shed was under threat due to the withdrawal of a government employment grant. Would any other country, so dependent on Tourism. allow its assets to depend on the goodwill and efforts of a band of small amateur enthusiasts?

The Burns Coat of Arms The popularity of the archaic practice of granting coats of arms can be judged by considering that there were 24 applications to be dealt with before the Federation. Bicentenary commemorations Dumfries had celebrated the poet's admisS1on as a freeman and Guild Brother: Taymouth Castle his visit on the highland tour and the forgettable poem written there and Edinburgh the Capital's connection by having the Saltire Society affix a plaque on the

121 rear of Robert Fergusson 's tombstone in the Canongate. (Burns paid for the tombstone) The Federation's Edinburgh representatives had successfully opposed the suggestion that the plaque be mounted on the face of the ~tone. The Royal Museum of Scotland's Agricultural Mu~eum had produced a special exhibition - Country Life in the Time of Burn~ - and produced a slide show "Robert Burns, Farmer". This is perhaps the most authentic visual portrayal of the poet's life as a farmer and the Federation were delighted to provide financial assistance in the production of an educational video presentation. Mr Gaw expressed his thanks to a hard-working committee and to those people with a keen interest in securing for posterity the well-being of the memory and monuments of Burns. In closing he appealed to everyone interested to press for a renewal of the Heritage Trail Project by Tourist Authorities. Mr King-Gillies congratulated Mr Gaw on his excellent report. Mr D. Urquhart moved adoption of the Memorials report, seconded by Mr S. Hannah.

Publicity Officer's Report Mr Peter Westwood reported that from a publicity point of view the past year had been extremely interesting with a number of the project~ referred to at the Kilmarnock Conference completed. The Burnsian had now been launched and the first full-colour calendar had been produced. The latter had been made possible by the generous help given by artist John Mackay and by the decision by Holmes McDougall Limited to "take a chance" by printing the calendar at no cost to the Federation. If it sold well it would be possible to rep~at the exercise for 1989. The calendar would help to publicise the Federation and our National Poet. Success for the Burmian, Chronicle and calendar however depended on the support delegates gave not only by subscribing but by taking every opportunity to publicise these very necessary forms of Federation activity. Mr Westwood said he was tempted to predict that without the success and continuation of the Burnsia.n and the Chronicle the Federation as we know it today could not exist. Success in the future would depend on the Federation's ability to facilitate communica­ tion between members, in particular overseas members and to attract younger people to an interest in Burns. Returning to The Burnsian, the first four issue~ had included over 150 reports and 159 photographs. While the main vehicle for articles (factual or otherwise) would be the Chronicle, from time to time such items would be included in The Burnsian. Contributions and suggestions would be welcomed. Mr Westwood mentioned the part played by Junior Vice-President Anne Gaw in the very difficult task of selling advertising space in both the Burnsian and the Chronicle. Advertising space in The Burnsian had been sold without affecting that in the Chromcle. This revenue amounted to over £850. The number of delegates attending the Conference was 541 and by coincidence that was one more than the number of subscribers to The Burnsian - a sony state of affairs. However, Mr Westwood hoped that with everyone's help The Burnsian could become a "best seller" like the "Complete Works of Robert Burns" - which topped the Scottish best seller charts earlier this year. A great deal of hard work and selling had been necessary on that project and apart from the very obvious work and dedication put in by editor Jim Mackay and his wife Joyce. One other well-known Burnsian had done an enormous amount of selling, namely John Inglis. At times John must have looked and felt like a kilted door to door salesman selling encyclopedias!

122 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CLUBS 991 Cabra Vale 993 Cambu>barron No. 387 Cambuslang Mary Campbell 543 Abbey Craig 882 Canberra Highland Society 40 Aberdeen 1076 Can-Du 733 Burn' Study Circle 915 Canterbury Burns Club (Inc.) 1064 Aftongrange 562 Castle Douglas 20 Airdne 1068 Central Kentucky 516 Airts Burn> Club 826 Charlotte, N C. 944 Alamo, Paisley 719 Chelmsford 2 Alexandna 462 Cheltenham 809 Allanton Jolly Beggar> 572 Chester Caledonian A;;ociation 252 Alloway 11 Chesterfield 618 Altrincham Caledoman Society 699 Choppmgton 393 Annan Ladies 966 Clan Rose 986 Annapoli> 646 Clear Winding Devon Alva 82 Arbroath 922 Clumber Burns Club 1062 Ashburn House 630 Coalsnaughton 238 Atlanta 1047 Colchester 768 Auchterderran Jolly Beggar; 839 Coldstream 851 Auckland Burns A5sociation 994 Columbia 566 Australia, Scottish Society of 606 Corby 275 Ayr 1053 Corby Grampian 192 Ayrshire A5sociation 963 Cotgrave 340 Balerno 559 Coventry 1013 Balmullo 845 Coventry Tam o' Shanter 959 Bangkok 1040 Cowdenbeath 439 Barnsley 1031 Cramond Brig 363 Barrow 1032 Croydon 593 Barrmill Jolly Beggar' 581 Cumbernauld 929 Bathgate Jolly Beggars 580 Cum brae 534 Bedhngton and Di5trict 45 Cumnock 931 Beith Caledonia 773 Cronies 15 Belfast 682 'Jolly Beggars 725 Ben Cleuch 62 Cu par 981 Berkshire, Mass. 818 Dalbeattie and District 894 Beverley and District Cal. Soc. 179 Dailly Jolly Beggars 167 Birmingham 35 Dairy 951 Birnbeck 1030 Darlington Gaelic 1022 Blane Valley 469 Denny Cross 95 Bolton 55 Derby 911 Borestone Bowling Club 701 Detroit 663 Bournemouth 978 D1ckeyville 803 Bow hill People\ Club 37 Dollar 812 Bradford 850 Dollar Masonic 49 Bridgeton 972 Don Valley 401 Bng-en' (Waverley) 556 Doncaster 1038 Brisbane 918 Dover and E. Kent 120 Bnstol 995 Drongan 908 Brithers Be, Kilmarnock 950 Drumoync 1061 Brussels 10 Dumbarton 356 Burnbank 226 Dumfric5 864 Burnie Burns Club, Tasmania 999 Round Table 417 Burnley 437 Ladies No. I 112 Burns Howff 503 Dunblane 933 Busbiehill 1059 Dundas 946 Calgary 14 Dundee

123 370 Dundonald Burm, Club 6 Haggis, Alina 69 Dunedin N.Z. 152 Hamilton 85 Dunfermline 842 Hamilton, Ontario !026 Oum, 555 Harrogate 744 Durham Calcdoman Soc1<.:1y 492 Harrow 1018 East Antrim · 239 Hawick 967 Earbferry 1072 Hazel Tree. Corby 937 Ea't Kilhnde 866 Heanor and Di,tnct Cal Soc. 872 Ea't Midland' Scott"h Society 1045 Heather and Thi,tle 22 Edmburgh 446 Herefordshire Burns Club 307 Ayrshire Assoc1at1on !050 Hertfordshire Robert Burn' Soc 825 Clarinda Lad1e' Burn' Club !060 Hmcklcy 378 D1,tnct A"oc1at1on 916 Hole 1' the Wa' 571 Edmonton Burn' Club 989 Holt Hill !012 Dundonald 1048 Hong Kong 1009 Scott1'>h Soc. 976 Hopctoun Laddies 927 ------'Tarbolton 349 Howff. Kilmarnock 149 Elgm 969 Huddersfield 974 Elliot Lake 987 Hull 5 Ercildoune Burn' Club 943 Humbcr"de !065 Er,k1ne 'Trusty F1eres' 1054 Hunter Valley 1052 facom. Koebc1g 510 l.C.I. Grang~mouth 217 fakdale 691 Inverness !073 Enc. PA 173 Irvmc 998 Eyemouth Clachan 859 Eglmton Burns Club 126 Falkirk 936 ----Lasses 657 Fallin Gothenbcrg 1033 Java 949 Fir Park Club 348 Jean Armour (Newton) !066 Fochabers 96 Jedburgh 865 Forester' Arms Burn' Club 979 Jewel Welfare (Cambusbarron) 1035 Kansas 576 Fort Matilda 784 Kelson 403 Fraserburgh 1034 Kilbarchan !069 Friday Night, Falkirk 377 Kilb1rnie 887 Gamsborough and District 0 Kilmarnock 187 Gala,hiels 681 Crome; 501 Galt 996 Lodge St Andrew 964 Gambia 695 Kilmaronock (Dunbartonshire) 982 Garnock 1042 Kilmaun, Glencairn 665 Gartmorn Ladies 1029 Kilwinnmg 955 Gartwhinzcan 627 Kmros' Jolly Beggars !044 Gatehouse of Fleet 323 Kirkcudbnght 169 Glasgow Association 693 Masomc 263 Masonic 945 Kiri.Ices 897 Glenberv1e 1021 Kuwait 1074 Glenrothes 578 Lanarkshire B.C.A 774 Glouce,ter Scott"h Society 660 Langholm Ladies 198 Gorebndgc 961 Larkhall 430 Gou rock 925 Launston, B.C. 59 Gourock Jolly Beggars 661 Leammgton and Warwick 116 Greenloamng 548 Leeds Caledonian Society 21 Greenock 461 Leicester 939 Griffin 341 Leith 1037 Grimsby & Cleethorpe' 1016 Leyland 1010 H &. W. Burns Club. Belfast 1055 Lhanbryde 1011 Haddington Golf Cl~b 366 Liverpool 33 Haggis. Glasgow 360 Lochee

124 831 Lochgoilhead Burn' Club 957 Ottawa 1057 Lochmaben 748 Ouplaymuir l044 Lodge Burns Immortal 48 Pa"ln 1049 Lodge Camperdown 72 Part1ck 811 Logangate. Cumnock 940 Pembrokc'>hire 1 London 26 Perth 570 -----Clan'> A'soc1at1on 336 Peterhead 1063----- Cal Club 284 Philadelphia North-Ea.,tcrn 561 London (Ontario) 721 Plymouth 1002 McOuarnc Field' 535 Calednman Society 984 MacQuaric-Stcwart 808 Pontdract 1015 Maltby 688 Pom,1c Nam.ic Lad1e'> Kirkcaldy 934 Manama 212 Portobcllo 822 Ma1v,f1eld Caledon1an Society 772 Pre,tw1ck 992 Marchbank 962 Pretoria 862 M,nkct Ra'>en and District 585 Queen'' Park Clarinda 350 Markmch 1071 Rattlin' Squad 870 Ma"achu,eth 472 Renfrcw,h1re A'wc1ation 310 Mauchhne 720 Retford 390 Meikle Earnock 1007 Rhode bland 726 Melbourne 769 Robert Bruce (Clackmannan) 874 Melbourne Ma,onic 743 Romford Scotti'h A'1>oc1at1on 1028 Mcrea! Hotel 926 Rosamond B.C., Gretna 1006 Mexico 36 Rosebery (Gia,.) 1070 Milwaukee 454 Rotherham 841 Montreal Robert Burn' A1>-,oc 9 Royalty 983 Montreal General Ho.,pital M2 Rutherglen 242 Montrn'c 13 St Andrew·, Burn' Club 494 Motherwell Umted Service' 834 St. Andrew·., Society 1001 My,t1c Pipe Band (Altrincham. Sale and D"trict) 1041 Nana11no 727 St. Andrew Soc of Denmark 956 Nantwich 671 St. Andrew\ Crome,, Irvine 74 National Memorial 470 St. Giles. Elgm 1020 Ncthcrthird and Craigen' 220 St Lolli' 500 New Cumnock 399 St R111gan1> 985 New Galloway 973 Sabburgh 523 N.S. W. Highland Society 948 Saltcoah 329 Newark 941 San Diego 293 Newcra1ghall 68 Sandyford 902 Newmarket 629 Sanquhar 954 Newton. Ayr 426 Sauchie 1025 Newton Lad' M1dloth1an 551 Scarborough 980 Niagara 314 Scott1'h (Edin.) 124 Nmety 1027 Scot-Aw,tralian Heritage 563 Norfolk 570 Scottish Clan' Assoc. 1024 North American A"oc 917 Scottish Presidenh' Assoc 893 North Bay. Ontario 924 S C TA. (Dumfric') 971 North Berwick 1067 Seton 706 North Lmdsey Scoh Socidy 1075 Sgian-Dhu, Corby 1051 Northampton 405 Sheffield 745 Northumberland and Durham 896 Sierra Leone Cal. Society 921 Northern Scott1'h Count1e' 1023 Skipton 17 Nottmgham 589 Solway 777 Nuneaton 965 South Aw.tralian Royal 923 Old Manor Burn' Club 1043 South Au,tralian R.B Soc. 919 Orange and District 530 Southern Scotti'h Count1e' 880 Otley and Di,trict 1017 Southwick, Ma".

125 50 Stirling 1077 Tuba 824 Stirling, Clackmannan and We;t 698 Tum ff Perth Association 237 Uddmgston Ma>onic 458 Stonehaven 1000 United Gla;s 907 Stonehouse 1078 Vancouver 1058 Stranraer 303 Victoria St Andrew's Society 683 Stratford upon Avon 711 Victorian Scottish Union 889 Strathclyde Bonnie Jean 763 Wakefield 42 Strathearn 436 Walney Lad1e; 723 Strathpeffer 296 Waball 89 Sunderland 968 Warrnambool 444 Swansea 1008 West Cumberland 632 Symington 664 West Kilbride 791 Swindon Caledonian Society 1036 West Midlands 1005 Tamworth 895 Westerton 810 Thirty Seven Burn; Club 930 Wheatsheaf, Falkirk 7 Thistle (Gla>gow) 392 Wh1fflet 754 Thornton. Cleveley; 1003 White adder 740 Thorn tree 236 Whitehaven 958 Toledo 536 Whit horn 935 Torbrex. Stirling 696 Whitley Bay and District 710 Toronto 730 Wigtown 1056 Toowoomba 977 Whyalla 1014 Traditional Mu;1c & Song Assoc. 197 Winnipeg 813 Tranent '25' 890 Wollongong 274 Troon 553 Wolverhampton 1039 Ladies 878 Worksop Burn; and Cal. Club 920 Try;ting Thorn 718 York St Andrew Society

LIST OF BURNS CLUBS AND SCOTTISH SOCIETIES ON THE ROLL OF THE BURNS FEDERATION (Corrected to 30th April, 1988)

Mem- No Name lmt frd hen Preutlent Secretar\' 0 Kilmdrnock Burn' Club 1808 1885 62 Jame..., G1h~on AJa,darr M Gordon. 3 Porlland Road. Kilmarnock KA I 2AN The Burn' Club of 1868 1885 170 Dough" D Murray T F !lodge. London 42 Elmroyd AvenuL. Potter> B.ir. Herh EN62EE 2 Alexandria Burn' Club 1884 1885 150 Jame' Gdllachcr Bnan G Bcn~on. 'Edehton·, Smollelt Street. Alexandria, Dunbarton,hirc G83 ODS 5 Erc1ldounc Burn' Club 1885 1963 68 Jamc<.i Irvine M" A Jam1c~on, Dubh Cnoc. Summerfield. South E.irhton TD4 6EF 7 Th1;tlc Burn; Club 1882 1885 46 D. McDougall T. Murtagh. 132 Calder Street. Gla;gow G42 70P 9 Royalty Burn' Club 1882 1886 279 George E w A Mc Lagan, Dav1d\on 42 Cunnmgham Dnve. G1ffnock. GJa,gow G46 6ER 10 Dumbarton Burn' Club 1859 1886 139 Keith Maclnto'h Jame; Hutton, · A1l'a', Barloan Cre;ccnt, Dumbarton G32 2A T 11 Che,tcrf1cld and 1886 1886 70 Wilham Haye; Jame' Law Bullion;. District Cal. A;;oc 'Grey Gable;', 27 Norbrigg> Road. Woodthorpc. Ma,tm Moore. Chesterfield S43 3BT

126 ll!fcrn­ No Name /1111 red hen Prc11dc11t Scc1etlll\'

13 St Andrew' Burn' Club 1869 1981 9() D.ov1d Reed, 5 C111 nholl G.orden'. St And1ew,, Fok 14 Dundee Burn' Club 18f>O 1886 35 B McPhee I Ci Stew.on. Dundee Burn' Cluh. 37 U111on Street. Dundee 1886 1886 M1..,.., Jean A1rn_·..,Jey. 190 Ballyel.ore Ro.id. Nc\\-townabhc\ ,Cu Ant nm BT36 8JR . 17 Nottmgham Scott"h 1871 1886 18.J Mo" R A Sn11th D J Wollev. 6 Mo" Sode, As~oc1at1on Nottmghaon' NGI I 7EL 20 A1rdne Burn' Club 188.J 1886 A Boyden Matthew flood. 125 Cnrnldrtv Road, Allllne 21 Greenoek Burm Club 1801 1886 150 M" Ehz,1heth Nock, 24 Bmmc Street. Gnurnc"-. Rcntrcw~hirc 22 Edmburgh Burn' Club 1848 1886 M" NanLy L G A S Wmton. Oven' 12 Vcntnor Terrace. Edmburgh EI Ill 2BL 26 Perth Burn' Club 1873 1886 86 Peter Brennen Donald N M Paton. 75 Needle" R

127 1\frm­ No Nam<' he1\ ,\('( f('flll \' 72 Parttck Burn' Club 90 A Ron.lid R.1e Graham D<1\ld\on. JJ King~horough Garden<.,. GJ,"gov. Gl2 lJNll 74 Nd! Burns Mcmmtdl 1888 1895 3h Dough1' I lemmings Alast,ur J Campbell. Mauchltnc Homes c10 l\11tchclb, Rohe1ton. George llou\C, Jh Nmth I lano\cr Street. GJa,gow GI 2AD 82 Arbroath Burn' Club 1888 18% 150 I.in lk111e G I 1\1 Dunlop. B1othnd,b.111k 1lou">c. A1 bro.1th. Angu' 85 Dunkrmltne United 1812 18% I Ill The Rt lion the .I fo111e, The llammg'. Burn' Club E.irl of Elgm .md Fe11yhill\. No1th Kinc.1rd111c. Quccn\kny DL.11'.MA 89 Sunderland Burn' Club 1897 1897 -l2 Mr\ E: Fcrgu..,on M" M Wthon. 9 L111gdak A\cnuc. Sundeiland SRfi HAZ 95 Bolton Burth Club 1881 1897 IJ I Mr\ 1\1 Greenhalgh l\lr, A I' Reill). 37 Oak'""'d Dll\c. lle.iton. Bolto11 BL2 96 Jedburgh 1897 1897 5.1 Archu W.ill,1Lc John G1h..,on. J5 I In\\ tkn Crc...,ccnt. kdburgh. Ro\ TD8 6J) 112 Dumfne' Burn' I lov.ff 1889 1899 120 Thmlld\ John..,tonc D C Smtih. Club 22 C~trgL·nhndgc A \T . Dumfries DG2 8LP 116 Grccnlo,111111g Burn\ Club 1889 1900 70 J Daw,on R L Muir. 9 Gentle Croft. Br.ico. Dunblane. Pcrth\hire FK15 'lPN 120 Bristol Calcdont<1n Soc 1820 1900 150 J,1n Kerr M"' M Sc.illv. Flat 55. Clarendon Ro.id. RcdJ,md. Bmtol BS6 I EY 124 The Ninety Burns Club 1890 1902 30 [, B K Murray J C McV1tt1c. W S. 4 North Charlotte St . Eu111burgh El 12 411T 126 Falkirk Burns Club 1806 1902 102 Daviu C Mackcn11e. W I Cunn111gh<1m, OBE Northern Rock Build111g Soc 2 lltgh Street. Falkirk. Sltrltng,hire I· K I I EZ 149 Elg111 Burn' Club 1901 1905 150 Dav1u C Wm D G Ch.ilmc". Maekc".ick-Le1tch 139 ll1gh ~treet. Elgm 1V30 IDY 152 The llam11ton Burn' 1877 1906 227 Rubert Wilson D1 S I Pa1kcr. Club 25 But n\lde PI.ice. Lirkhall. St1 ,1thclyde ML9 21'0 167 Burningham anu 1888 1924 197 A R Wooum,111 A. K Scott. Midland Scottl\h 105 Re\ervoir Road. Olton. Soctcly Solihull. Wc't Midland\ B92 8AW 169 Glasgow and Dl\tnct 1907 1908 15 A McArthur Scott I Galt. 157 I h ndJ,111d Burn~ Ao.,..,oc1dt1on Clubs Ro.id. GJa,gow G 12"JJA 173 Irvine Burn' Club 1826 1908 450 Wm Nolan Wilham Cow,111. 'Norwood . 75 Bank Street. lrvmc KAl2 OLL 179 Datlly Jolly Begg.tr' 1909 1909 9 J N Whyte Archie llow1c. Club 71 H.idyaru Terr.tee. Daillv. By Gm·an KA25 9SW

128 Mem­ No Narne /1111 Fed ben Pre\tdent Selretarr 1908 1909 117 II Brady Alexander E Hogg, 'Redcrolt', 7 Glcnf1cld Road Ea't. Gala,h1cb TOI 2AN 192 Ayf\hore A'"'c1dt1on ol 1908 1910 28 M" Anne Gaw Harry BulL Burn' Clut" Club' -19 Annanh1ll Avenue, Kilmarnock KA I 2NX 197 Wmmpeg Robert 1907 1911 6-1 J Kmg Mr\ Carolee Kmg. Burn\ Cluh -1-16 Grcen,llre Boulcv,1rd, Wmmpeg. Mamtohd, Candda R3K I B7 198 Gorchndgc Burn' Cluh 1906 I'! 11 205 Archd Lochne A Law, -II Newhuntcrf1cld, Gorehndge. Midlothian. Eil23 -IBD 212 Portohello Burn' Club 1892 1913 50 J Stdnley Cavdye, Rohe rt Mack.iy. M A , J p 'Quardcne', 8 Bryce Avenue. Edmhurgh Ell7 6TX 217 fakddlc Burn' Club 1886 1913 100 Arthur N Elliot M" Sheen,1 Elliot. 5 Academy Place. Langholm. Dumlr1e\\h1re DGI3 OBA 220 Burn\ Club of St Lou" 1905 1913 40 Rohert I Patnck Roher! E Burn\, 619 We\l Polo Dnve, St Loul\, Mo 63105. U.S A 226 Dumfne' Burn' Club 1820 19U l!Ml Rev J Pag,rn John A C McFdddcn. 37 Geocgc Street. Dumfne' DGI IEB 236 Whitehaven Burn' Cluh 1914 191-1 -Ill J McLauchlan George Young, Colmgton, Egrcmont RoJc.L llcn"nghdm, Wh1tehdven, Cumhna CA28 8NQ 237 Uddmg,ton Ma"imc 1914 191-1 24 J. Pol\on, -I W,11\on Street, Burn' Club Uddmg\ton, Gla,gow G71 7JU 238 Burn\ Club of Atlanta 1896 191-1 93 John I Bell Jr J,11ne' M Montgomery, 10 We\t Ferry Court. N E , Atlanta, Georgia 30319. US A. 239 Haw1ck Burn' Cluh 1878 191-1 12-18 Alex Martm Ronald Purve,, H.iw1ck Burn' Cluh. 5 Ancrum Court, llaw1ck. Roxburgh,h1re 242 Montro'e Burn' Club 1908 1915 120 0, J Add1MlTI A L MacFarlanc, ·we,tland,', Redfield Cre' . Montro'e, Angus 252 Alloway Burn' Cluh 1908 1918 l09 Rev, J W McGmty, James Gia", M A , B,A 31 Glcnconner Road, Ayr KA7 311F 263 Gld,gow M

129 Mem­ .\et rctm r No Name ln.\f Fed her.\ 192 Allen' 296 Wal,all and D"t 19011 1922 I M McMtllan. WaJ,all. Scott "h Soctct y Lme. Pe".111. W M1dl,111d, WS-1 .\JI' 303 Ytctona St Andrew\ 1849 1922 190 Ciernge Macl.,1y f,KI. C 1'111l.e1ton. and Cakdom.rn Soc 2.\J:i l3l<1n\h,ml St1ec·t. V1ctn11,1 13 C. mn .\14. C.m.1da · J Mql..1. 7 Cohden 307 Edinburgh Ayl\htre ll/14 1922 Mr> ( Crc\eent. EJ111bu1gh A .... ~oc1atJOn ElllJ 213Ci MA. 310 Mauchhnc 13urn' Club 1'123 1923 60 I' Konopka D I Lvcll. F S A (Srnt ). lJ E."t Pail. A\e. M.1uehhne KA5 513S Ellen B1Uce. 314 Scott"h 13urn' Club. 19211 1923 MC\ r.icc. Ed111bu1gh 9 Victor P,u J.. rc1 Edmburgh Grav. I ngJc,ton. 323 Ktrkcudbnght 13urn' 1918 1924 95 John Sommc1v1lk Ad.1m c Club Bo1 guc. K1rJ..cudhnght<-.h11 lXi6 4UA llam1lton. 329 Newark and Dl\tnct ll/23 192.\ 125 M" c; M Ml\ Ehzaheth Cal Soc Mclnt)ic 27 M.1c,1Uk) Dme, 13alderton. N1 New,111.. Noth Smith. 13 B10.1d 336 Peterhead 13urn' Cluh 1826 1925 23X D W Og1lv1e. J M M M A . F S A (Scot ) St . Pcte1 head. Abcrdeen,h11e AB.\ 6.IA 1881 1965 90 Edv.<11d McCuc Wilham R Sh.1111.\. 15 Deanp.irl. Ginvc. l3alc1no. Ed111hu1gh Elll4 71'.A F.11me1. CA 341 Leith Burn' Club 1826 1'125 Ge1.1ld r A C I S . 34 Cr.11nond P.irk_ Cr,unond. L:dmhurgh Ell4 hl'R 348 Newton Jean Armout 1925 MC\ S Kean. Crc'\cent. Burn' Cluh 14 Woodland Ch11c KA2 913Y

130 Afrm­ No Na1ne /1111 fed hcn Prc\tdcnt Sccretat\'

377 Ktlh1rme Ro,cben 190" !'Jn 86 John Jeffrey Ron,tld G Thmmon. Burn' Cluh 3 Cra1gend' Ro.id. Glcngarnock. A) f>htre l\.Al43AE 378 Edmhurgh D"t Burn' 2ti E11c B K Murray Gordon lnne'. W S . Cluh~ A..,,ociat1on 6 South ParL T11ntt\. hhnhurgh FI 16 4SN 387 C1mbu,l,111g M.1ry 14 Mf' M Rennie Mf\ I Ch,1prnan. Campbell Burn' Club 18 Dean' Avenue. llallw,I\', C.nnhu,lang. Gl,"gow - 390 Meikle Earnock loll) Jnn Haddow. Begg.if\ Burn' Club 2 lltltonbank StreeL ll,1m1lton 392 Wh1tllct Burn' Club 1923 1928 oil John A Kuk R W Marntck. 'Atdvohr'. 9 Dunhcth Avenue. Coathndge ML5 3JA 393 Ann,111 L1d1e' · Burn' 1928 1928 Mr> Sally KmghL Club 17 Greenlea Ro,1d. Ann.in. Duml11c"lure DGl2 5LB 399 St Rtngan' Bui n' f985 1985 50 G Fc.:rgu..,on F Agnew. Club 2 Mun ay,hall Road. St N1111,m,, Stirling 40 I Bng-cn · ( W,I\ er Icy) 187n 1928 R Agne", 'Re,tal11g'. Burn' Cluh. Dumfr1e' .5 G1cy..,tonc Avenue. Dumfne' DGI IPL 1928 1928 269 W J Smith Mr Don,1ld Thrnmon. Gak\\ay Brnkhng Snc1cty, 19 Brn«d 'it. F1a,e1hurgh. Aberdeen,h1re AB4 5AE 405 C.11 Soc of Sheffield 1822 1929 320 Mf' Sheila M Cuter R A Coghill. 37 Norton Park Vtew. Shcttield sx xc;s 417 Burnley and D"t Cal 1924 1929 Mf' I Smith. 9 Mount Society Road. Burnley. L111c' BBll 2LA 42n Sauch1c Burn' Club 1929 1929 Ron,tld Nohle. 4 Hill Place. Alina. Clackmannan,h1re FK I 0 2NJ 430 Gourock Burn' Club 1887 1929 1118 Jame' Blair John K Scott. 102 Manor Cre,ccnL Gourock. Rcnfrcw~hirc PAl9 !UP 436 Walnev Jollv Begg,tr' 1929 1930 135 Mf' I Broadbent Mr> L N1ehoJ,on. Ladte,-. Club 14 Oronte' Avenue. Walney hland. Barrow­ m-Furnc~ .... Cumbnd 437 Dumfne' Ladtc' Burn' 19JO 1930 llKl M" R Lockerbtc Mrs E I lammg. Club 74 Laghall Court. Ktngholm Quay, Dumfne' DG I 4SX 439 Barn,lcy and D"tnct 1930 19311 47 Robert Murdoch L. Grlwm. 147 Pogmonr Swtt"h Society Road. Barmlcy. S York' S70 nPT 444 Swan,ed dnd we,t 1921 1931 66 Neil McGregor R M Forhe,, Wale' Cal. Society 5 Woodlands Terrace. Swan\C.l 446 I krclord,htre Burn' 1910 1931 79 J dme' Thom,on D J J.ime,, 'Four Wmd''. Club 11 Lower Thorn. Bromyard. Herclord,htrc HR74AZ

131 M<'l11- .\ccrclm\' Nu Name 111\t hen Wilham Ingram. ,ind D1'tnct 454 Rotherham Ill Mrntdtn Road. Scottt~h A~.,oc1atHm Rothe1h.11n. South ) ork' S60 313X Mr; l:ohubeth Petric. 458 Stonchavcn 1926 1932 65 Alfred Sn11th Slug Road. Stonchdven. (Fdtherland) Burn' 23 AB3 2EX Cl uh K111card111e,l111c .I M Cutting. 461 Le1ec,tcr Cal Society 1877 1932 292 R Callender Mr; 56 Dedn Road Wc,I. I l111ckky. Le1c' LEiii IQB

462 Cheltenham Scot Soc 1929 1932 Mr' Ann Waihulton, 10 Alma Rodd. llathc1lc). Cheltenham GLS 1 :;pz 469 Denny Cro" Burn' 1932 1932 -1!1 Da\ 1d Blau D Graeme MacGregor. Cluh "Camu,donn". 34 llayllcld 'I er nu.. c. Head ot Muir. Denn). FK6 SLA 1924 1932 George Peterkin. 24 l'an,port Road. Elg111. Mordy IV3ll I ID 472 Rcnfrcw,h1re Awic ot 1929 1932 11 Dr 11 C McCiilp Wilham W1lhanwin. h ,111hoc Ro,1d. l'al\lcy Burn' Cluh' 30 l'A2 OJX 492 I !arrow and D1't Cal 1928 1934 3 IO M" Sheila Dr Ian White. 32 [),1yme1 Society Mc(iwnnc~~ Gdn.kn..,, Pmnc1. M1ddlc'cx 494 Motherwell United 1934 1934 100 w .I wi1,on . .I p Jame' W1lh

132 M('ln­ No Name /1111 /

535 Plymouth and D1'tnct 1927 1937 50 John Swan Mf\ E Pay, 25 W <1tcrloo c,;1cdom<1n Society Street_ Stoke, Plymouth PLI 5RP 536 Wh1thorn and D1'tnct 1937 1937 45 Jame' Edgar_ Wilham RJe, 13 L, Burn' Cluh MR CVS 58 George Street_ Wh1thorn, Newton Stewart DGX 8P A 543 Ahhcy Cr.11g Burn' 1935 1938 120 Ian Colhe Rohert Innes, Cluh Contmumg Educdtmn Dept , Llrnver"ty of St1rltng, St1rhng FL9 4LA 548 Leed' Calcdon1an Soc 1894 1938 138 G lron"de E W J.ickson, A B I (Scot), 25 Brny,haw Dnve, Horton Bank Top, Bradford BD7 4LY 551 Scarhorough C.11 Soc 1934 1938 I 04 T L Alexander M" P M McN,tughton, IO Trafdlgar Road, Scarhorough, York' 553 Wohcrhampton D"t 1938 1983 Mr L S Cra1g1c, Cal Soc 434d Penn Rd , Penn, Wolverhampton WV4 4DQ 555 I IMrogate St Andrew'' 1921 1938 M" I C F.ms, Society 23 Rudbeck Crescent_ llarrog.ttc, N York' llG2 7AQ 556 CJlcdom,m Society of 1883 1938 40 Murr<1y McYey W Leighton, DorKa":>tcr 13 Norm.m Dnve, llathcld, Donen 26 The Cre,cent_ MJnly, N SW 2095, Au,tralta 570 Scott"h Clan' M"s M Holmes, A'5ociat1on 15 Appolohouse, 14 Broadldnds Road, lhghgate, London N64AT 571 The Edmonton Burns 1921 1971 30 Alex_ M,m R M, Allen, 32 Greer Cluh Crescent, St Albert_ Alberta T8N IT8 1884 1939 100 D Duncan T S Lea, Kirkton House, Hunter Street, Chester CHI IAS 576 Fort Matilda Burn' 1934 1940 50 Dugald S G Gay, 9 Bmme SL, Club Robertson Gourock, Renfrewshire PA19 IJU

133 ~ :~ on the Burns Heritage Trail

0 0 GLASGOW VENNEL 0 HECKLING SHOP 0 BURNSCLUB MUSEUM

0 0 8URNS LODGING HOUSE

lrvtne Development Corporation Information Centre 121 High Street Irvine Tel 0294 72431

134 1\lem­ No. Nmne /111/ 1-cd be1\ Sccrctarv

578 Lanark.">hlfl' A".i\OC ol 1924 1942 23 Andrew Smllh M' Ann Pickermg, Burn' Club' C'luh' 9'\ Dying Street, Dykehcdd. Shotts ML7 4DQ 580 Cumbr.1e lhorn' Club 1896 1942 186 G Wallace Jame' Meechan. 3 Copel.rnd Crescent. Mrllport, 1,1c ol Cum brae 581 Cumhernauld ,rnd D"t 1943 65 Thoma.., L. Tom B Mylc,, 7h W,rlldce Burn' Club Brrkmyre Hnu,c, Benyhrll Rn,id. Cumbcrnauld, Gla,gow G67 11.U 585 Queen·, Park Bowhng 19.10 194.1 130 John Wdhon J A Dargdvel, .11 Garry Club Cla11nd,1 Burn' St11.:ct. GL1..,gow Circle 589 Solw"'Y Burn' Club 1921 1978 90 W McN,mn Mr> Irene Grant. The Cott,igc '. 6 Newland' R"c. Annan. Dumtnc"hire DG 12 'iHT 593 Barrmill Joll) BeggJr 1944 1967 55 J Peat Jame' L Conn. Burn' Club 48 Hou\lon Crescent. Dairy KA24 4BJ 606 Corby Stewart\ & 1944 1945 30 J Rohh D McDondld, 7 Bury Lloyd'' Burns Club Clo\c, CottmghJm. Market Harborough. Leics 618 AltnnchJm and Sale 1945 1945 50 M" M 11 P Wahon J McFarlanc. 9 Krplmg Cdlcdon1an t..;oc1cty Clme, Stockport, Cheshire SK2 511S 627 Kmro" Jolly Begga" 1888 l 94n 150 D R Birrell Gordon Y George, Burn' Club 14 Muirpark RoJd, Kmro" KYIJ 7AT 629 Sanquh"r Bl,ock Joan 1945 1946 T A Johnston. 42 High Cluh Street. San4uhar, Dumfne"hire 630 Coal,naughton Burn' 1945 1946 Rohe rt Harrower. Club I Jame\ Place. Coal,naughton Claekmannan,lme FK 13 6LP 632 Syrrnngton Burn' Club 1946 1946 5.1 Harry Bull Mf' M Hume. IOI L1111meimuir Rodd. Bcllhcld, Kilmarnock KAI .1UE 642 Ruthcrglcn Burn' Club 1976 178 27 Rohcrl Edw aid' Mr.., Alh~on Brown. 2 Blairtum Dn'c. Rutherglcn. Gla,gow G7J .1RY 046 The Clear Wrndrng 1946 1947 27 Andrew Fcrgmon Mrs Janet Snaddon. Devon Alvct Burn~ 44 The Nebit, Alva. Cluh Clackmannanshire FKl2 5DH 657 Falhn Gothenherg 1947 1947 56 Jnhn Nicol Jack Milroy. 28 Lamont Burn' Club Crescent, Falhn, Stirlmg,hire FK7 7EJ 660 Langholm Ladies 1947 1947 45 M" H Turk Mrs Elame Ander"m. Burns Club 2 Mary St , Langholm, Dumfne"hire DG 13 OAL 661 LeJmmgton Jnd 1947 1947 90 Jim Dalgleish Miss II B Neshll, Warwick Calcdoman 54 Cr,me Close. Woodloes Soc Park. Warwick CV34 5HB 663 Bournemouth Jnd Dist 1907 1947 170 George Camcron­ Mrs Helen S Hardwick, Calcdoman Society Smith 20 Hc,kcth Close, St Ives. Nr Rmgwood, Hanis Bll24 2LA

135 THE POCKET SCOTS DICTIONARY NEW derived from the best-selling Concise Scots Dictionary ideal for tourists. schools and Christmas stockings 380 pp £4.95 () 08 036581 7 flexi

THE SCOTS THESAURUS NEW companion volume to the Concise Scots Dictionary £9.95 () 08 036583 3 flexi £17.50 0 08 036582 5 hard

THE CONCISE SCOTS DICTIONARY NOW IN PAPERBACK editor-in-chief Mairi Robinson 'a masterpiece ... an endless source of entertainment as well as fact' Scotsman 'beautifully produced ... buy this dictionary for the sheer delight of words' The Field The first one-volume dictionary ever to cover the Scots language from earliest records to the present day. The new work is, in the main, an up­ dated distillation of the two major historical works. the Scottish National Dictionary and the Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue. The Concise Scots Dictionary is simpler to use than the parent dictionaries and also guides readers to their use. 862 pp £39.50 0 08 032447 9 leather £17.50 0 08 028491 4 cloth £9.50 () 08 028492 2 paper

THE COMPACT SCOTTISH NATIONAL DICTIONARY editors William Grant 1926-46. David D Murison 1946-76 now available in its entirety in only two volumes The Scottish National Dictionary is the standard work on the Scots language from 1 700 to the 1970s. It covers all aspects of Scottish life during that period, including trades, crafts, industries, the Kirk, the law, the burgh, education, military history, food and drink, games and sports, folklore. local customs and historic phrases. Original edition approx 5000 pages in 10 Volumes, price £500 for set, almost out of print. New Compact edition in two volumes, 610 pp each, four original pages reproduced on one page, price £175.00 and £120.00. 1220pp £175.00 0 08 034518 2 cased £120.00 0 08 034522 0 flexi

ABERDEEN UNIVERSITY PRESS Farmers Hall, Aberdeen AB9 2XT. Scotland

136 Mem­ No Name /1111 Fed hen Pre51dent Secretary 664 We;t K1llmde Burn' 1947 1947 80 T. C W11l1dm"m M" Mary B. Milne. Club 2 Wood"de, We;t K1lbnde, Ay"hire KA23 9JB 065 Gartmorn Lad1e;' 1947 1948 40 M" J Pert. 137 Mam Burn; Club Street. Sauch1e. Alloa, Clack>. FK 10 3J X 671 St Andrew\ Crome' 1947 1948 140 Cohn J Cdmpbcll Andrew Richmond, Burn' Club 26 Frew Terrace, Irvine KA12 9EA 681 The Crome; Burn; 1948 1948 58 M" Jean M" E. Brady, 8 Hammg Club. Kilmarnock McMillan A venue, Bellf1cld, Kilmarnock, Ayr>hire 682 Cumnock 'Jolly 1945 1948 45 Mr Wm llall Mr Wm. Hall. Bcgga"' Burn' Club 8 Glencairn, Cumnock 683 Stratford-upon-Avon 1947 1948 IOU M" R M Baker Mr G R Forbe,, and D"t Cal. Soc 63 Hunt' Road, Stratford­ upon-Avon CV37 711 688 Kirkcaldy Poo"e 1939 1949 21 Mr> E Reid M" Betsy C Rodger, Nan"e Lad1e,· Burn' Ill Durhdm Crc' , Lower Club Largo. Fife KY8 6DN 691 lnverne" Burn; Club 1949 1949 100 David Caldwell Mr C J D Silver. 53 Holm Pdrk, Inverness IV2 4XU 693 Ma;omc Burn; Club 1949 1949 411 Alexander John Middleton, Kirkcudbright Kirkpatrick 8 Dovccroft. Kirkeudbright DG6 4JS 695 K1lmaronock Burn' 1949 1949 72 John Blam M" Katharine M E Li;ton. Club ( Dunbarton,hirc) Rock Cottage. GartochJrn, Alcx,mdria, Dunbarton,hire G83 8RX 696 Whitley Bay and D"t 1930 1949 168 Dr Ewan Hay M" E W Gregson, Soc of St Andrew 17 Kew Garden;, Whitley Bay, Tyne and Wear NE26 3LY 698 Turnff Burn' Club 1920 1949 60 Albert Gatt Charle; Calder. Cruachan, Johnston Park. Turnff 699 Choppmgton Burn' 1948 1949 110 J Brady John E Godden. Club 181 North Ridge, Bedhngton. Northumbria NE22 oDG 701 The Detroit Burn' Club 1876 1949 75 H C MacDonald John Ph1lhbcn, 6327 Calhoun, Dearborn, M1ch1gan, US A 48126 706 North Lmdsey Scot' 1927 1949 120 R Burnett Mrs S Wil;on, Soc 48 York Avenue, Botte,ford. Scunthorpe, S Humberside 710 Burn' Society of 1896 1950 285 Mr Sandy Wyne" Heather Schwarzkopf. Toronto Daw"m Wyne" 198 Sandringham Drive, Down~v1ew, Ontario M3I-I I E3 Canada 711 The Victorian Scottl'h 1905 1950 33 Mr D Fmdlay G McNaughton, Umon soc 301 Francis St , Yarrav11le, Victoria, Australia 3013 718 The St Andrew Society 1894 1950 138 Graeme R. M Miller Mr Alex C Layhe, of York 61 Eastfield Avenue, Haxby, York Y03 8EZ 719 Chelmsford and Di;L 1934 1950 120 T. F A Martin D A Hodge, Scottish Society The She1hng. White Hart Lane, Springfield, Chelmsford, Essex

137 Enjoy the story of Robert Burns and his life in the South of Scotland at the

~~=~ -_\i-2 ~ ROBERT BURNS CENTRE DUMFRIES * Multi-Projector Audio Visual Theatre *Exhibition with Diorama and Scale Model of Dumfries Town in the 1Bth Century * Book Shop * Cate OPEN APRIL - SEPTEMBER Monday-Saturday, 10-8 p.m., Sunday, 2-5 p.m. (October-March, Tuesday-Saturday, 10-1 p.m., 2-5 p.m.) ADMISSION FREE (AV Theatre Charge: ADULTS, 50p CONCESSIONS 25p) ROBERT BURNS CENTRE MILL ROAD, DUMFRIES Tel. (0387) 64808

138 Mem­ Secretary No Narne /1111 Fed hen Pres1de11t

720 Relford and D"t Cal 1949 1950 70 F J haac' M" K Beard,dl!, 5 Trent Society Street, Relford. Noth DN22 6NG 721 The Plymouth Hurn' 1948 1950 26 Rohert John,t

139 BURNS HOUSE DUMFRIES

Visitors to Dumfries should not fail to visit the old Red Sandstone House in Burns Street, in which the Poet lived and died. The House is open to visitors and contains many interesting relics of Burns and his family. The House is one minute's walk from St. Michael's Churchyard where the Poet is buried within the Burns Mausoleum.

OPEN: Open All Year 10.00 a.m.-1.00 p.m., 2.00 p.m.-5.00 p.m. Monday to Saturday 2.00 p.m.-5.00 p.m. Sunday (Closed Sunday and Monday, October to March) ADMISSION TO HOUSE: Adults 50p Concessions 25p

140 Mem­ No Name /1111 Fed hers Pre;ident Secretary

1954 1954 60 W. Lyle Ian Moflat, 11 We,thourne Gdn' . Pre,tw1ck KA9 IJE 773 Cumnock Crome' 1910 1954 100 John Grah,1m Ene Love, 89 Bar;hare Burn\ Club Road. Cumnock. Ayn.h1re KAl8 INN 774 Glouce,ter Scott1'h 1937 1983 l(K) John Robert"'" Jame; M Laune, "Duri,deer" Society 5 Howard Place, llucclecotc. Glouce\lcr GU JRZ 777 Nuneaton and D1't. 1949 1954 57 R Ward B W. Cro,h1c. Scott1'h Society 'Woodland;', Stapleton Lane. K1rkhy Mallory. Lc1ccstcr 784 Kcl'o Burn; Club 1872 1955 120 Sandy Blair Roher! Donald"'"· 2 Ahhot;eat Road. Kelso TD5 7SL 791 Swindon <1nd D1st Cal 1929 1955 Mrs B Beattie. Society 18 Greywcather; Avenue, Swindon, W1ltsh1rc SNJ IQF 803 Bowh1ll People's Burn; 1940 1957 80 Norman Watler; Charle; Kennedy. Club IOI Dundonald Park, Cardcnden. Fife KY5 ODG 808 Pontefract and D1st 1956 1957 50 Mrs Jean Sutcliffe F H10rns, 15 Maple Ave , Cal Society Pontefract WF8 3QN 809 Allanton Jolly Begga" 1957 1957 32 Enc Roherl\on M" Helen Waddell, Burn; Club 56 Aller\haw Tower, W1'haw, Lanark,hire ML2 OLP Sill Th1rty-;even Burn' 1957 1973 37 Duncan McLean Jack Gardner, Club, Shott; 12 Clyde Dnve, Shotts, Lanarhh1re ML7 SLY 811 Logangate Burn' Club 1957 1957 56 Hugh Mitchell Hugh Mitchell, 55 Bar;hare Road, Cumnoc~. Ayrsh1re KA 18 812 St Andrew Society of 1886 1957 130 M" Sheila Ma,on M" Rene Dav1d;on, Bradford The Gahb, Apperlcy, Lane, Apperly Bndgc, Nr Bradford BD I() OPll 813 Trancnt '25' Burn' Club 1892 1958 46 Roher! AndcNm George Murdoch, 49 Bankpark Grove, Tranent, E Lothian Ell33 I All 818 Dalbe<1tt1e <1nd Di;tnct 1958 1958 40 Wilham McK S R Gov1et Burn' Cluh Bttrrowman Clyde;dak Bank Bmldings, Dai he attic. Stcwartry District 822 Man;f1cld D"t C<1I 1952 1959 35 M" E. M. Lake Mr Michael Lake, Society Delamere Dnve, Mansfield, Notis. NGIS 4DE 824 St1rling, Clackmannan 194h 1959 30 J B Yates Ken Crozier. New and West Perthsh1re Clubs Cottage, 21 Campbell A"oc of Fed Clubs Street. Dollar, Clackmannanshire 825 The 'Clannda' Ladies' 1959 1959 35 Mrs Davina Ba1rd, Miss Mary Aytoun, M.B E., Burn; Club, Edinburgh M.B.E. 31 Willowbr3e Avenue, Edinburgh EH8 7HE 826 The Burns Society of 1955 1987 131 Roger Wood Dr David S. Humphnes, Charlotte. N.C 2119 Ferncliff Road, Charlotte, N.C. 28211, U.SA

141 JEAN ARMOUR BURNS HOUSES MAUCHLINE, AYRSHIRE

The Glasgow and District Burns Association who manage the Jean Armour Burns Houses seek your support towards the upkeep of the eleven houses on the historic farm of Mossgiel, near Mauchline. Increasing charges, especially for heating and lighting, are adding to their costs and they ask you keep this fact in mind. Please help this worthy cause by sending your donation now to: David L. Stevenson, LL.B (Hons), N.P., NEILL CLERK and PLANT HILL, 9 Clairmont Gardens, Charing Cross, Glasgow G3 7LW.

142 Me111- No Nume lmt Fed he11 ~resulent Secretary

831 Lochgmlhcad Burn' 1960 1960 Dr J R R Holms Donald McGregor, The Cl uh Schoolhou;c, Lochgo1lhead, Argyll 834 St Andrew\ Society 1960 1959 95 Mrs Joyce Allen II. E. Crowther, 78 Sylvan ( Altnncham. S<1lc ,md Avenue, T1mperlcy, D1'tnct) Altnncham, Chc;h1re WAIS 6AB 839 Cold,tream Burn' Club 1888 1961 ]]() Jame' M D.iv1d,on, William J•ck\on, B Sc llomc>tead, llmcl, Coldstream, Berw1cbh1rc TDl2 4LW 841 Robert Burn; A\'l>C ot 1955 1%1 175 Robert McKcnna Richard Jcwke;, Montreal. Canada 7215 Boyer St , Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2R 2R6 842 'Ye Bonnie Donn 1932 1961 40 John Little Mr; Be"1e Little, Burn; Cluh, lldm1lton, 22-26 Bmtol Street, Ontano, Canada Hanulton, Ontano, Canada L8L 2T8 845 Tam ,,- Shanter. 1959 1961 1790 George Mudie Ja; McCaw, Tam o Coventry Shanter Club, Hertford PI , Coventry, Warw1ck\h1re CV! 3JZ 950 Dollar Masonic Burns Cluh 1961 1977 100 G Walls, 43a Och1l Street, Alina, Clackmannansh1rc FKIO 2DS 851 Auckland Burns As;oc 1959 1962 36 Rev Wayne Mrs J. Little, Brodeur 7/164 Blockhou;e Bav Rd , Avondale, Aukland 7 New Zealand 859 Eglinton Burn; Club 1960 1%3 150 G Stevenson S Rohert;on, Eglinton Irvine Arm; Hotel, High Street, Irvine 864 Burnie Burn' Cluh, 1962 1970 15 F D J, Taylor Mrs Em Tunbmlge, Ta\mdma 147 D<1v1d Street, Ed~t Dcvonport, Ta~mania, Au,tr<1ha 7310 865 Fore;ter' Anm Burn' 1961 1963 32 Wilham Young J T Graham;IJw, 8 The Club Br,1e, Cambu;harron, St1rling 866 I lc<1nor and D"t Cal 1955 1963 35 Mr' Sheena Mercer A Chapman, 9 Vernon St , Society Cotmanhav, llke,ton, Derhy>h1r~ 870 Scotti;h Burn' A"oc 1962 1964 175 Peter Stewart M"' Margaret Laird, of Mas;achu,etl\ 189 Forest Street, Arlington, Ma;sachusett; 02174, U.SA 872 Ea;t Midland\ A;;oc 1949 1964 6 J D. MacFarlanc Mrs N Wood, of Scott1'h Soc' Soe' Abmgton Lodge, Northampton 874 Mclhourne Masonic 1963 1964 27 Robert Yates Jan R. Hawkins, J.P., Burn' Cluh, 138 Elm Street, V1ctona Northcote, Melbourne 3070, V1ctona, Austraha 878 Work;op Burns and 1965 1965 150 Mrs Marlene Boyd T. H. English, Cal Cluh 166 Raymoth Lane, Worksop, Notis S81 7DY 880 Otley and D1>t Cal 1960 1965 120 D. Gnffin Mrs J Blackburn, Soc. 84 The Gills Carr Bank, Otley, West_ YArks

143 As a reader of the Burns Chronicle or as a member of a Burns Club, you will appreciate more the genius of Burns by visiting BURNS COTTAGE and MUSEUM BURNS MONUMENT, ALLOWAY

On view

BURNS'S FAMILY BIBLE KILMARNOCK EDITION OF THE POEMS (a perfect copy) Most of our 139 manuscript letters and 175 poems, including AULD LANG SYNE TAM 0' SHANTER -A TALE Graham of Fintry letters and poems The Afton Collection The Stair Collection, etc.

See Our New Presentation Robert Burns His Times, His Life & His Work

The admission charge covers entry to both Burns Cottage and (when open) The Monument. School Parties Welcomed; worksheet for pupils provided. Book of Burns Poems given as class prize. A limited number of club party evening visits (for about 30 people) can be arranged during the winter months by contacting: The Curator, Burns Cottage, Tel: Alloway 41215

144 Mem­ No Name /1111 fed. hcn Ptc.Hdent Sn relat\'

882 Canherra l11ghland Soc 1924 1%6 850 Ronald K Charle' C T.1ylor. I' 0 and Burn' Club Drummond Box 69, K111g,ton, Canberra A C T 2064. Au,traha 887 Gam,horough and D"t 1952 1967 30 Le" Reid Angu' Mclarty. Calcdoman Society ·cruachan'. 5 V1c.ir.1ge Lme. Beckmgham. Nr Donc.i .... tcr. S York..., DNIO 4PN 889 Strathclyde 'Bonnie 1959 1%7 20 John Bro" n R B Clcl,md. Jcdn· Burn' Cluh 16 McClurg Court. Motherwell MLI IXH 890 The Wollongong Burn' 1966 1967 J6 '[ om New.in W C Scott. 4 Moo1e Society Street. Gwynnev1lle. N S W . 2sm. Au,tr.iha 893 North Bay Burn' Cluh 1'!67 1968 48 Ron Coyne Mf\ Jcm1111J S Boyle. Ontano 122 Strathwn.i Dnve. North Bay. Ontano. Cm.id.i PIA 2N.1 894 Beverley and D"t Cil 1967 1968 Sil Ci.ivm Maynard M" B W.trd. 26 Alpha Society Ave . Mole,crolt Be\ erley. N Humher"de llUl7 7JE 895 We,terton Burn' Cluh 1%8 1968 40 Thoma' Heggie John Neill. 5 Muirpark G.irden\. Glenochil Village. Tulhbody. Clackmannan,h1re FKIO 3AJ 896 Sierra Leone Cal Soc 1957 1968 3f> Frank M.icleod Mf\ C Mo1r. I' 0 Box 575. hcctown. S1err.i Leone.WA 897 Glcnherv1e Burn' 1947 1969 211 L R Burne\\. George F Watt. Mcmonal-, A1.,'ioc FRGS.FSA. 109 Sn11thhcld Dme. (Scot) M1ddlcl1cld. Ahe1deen AB2 7XD 902 Newmarket Burn' Cluh 1959 1970 35 Tom B MyJe, Alex Corbett. 25 Manm Street, Falkirk FKI I Nil 907 Stonehou'e Burn' Club 1971 1971 45 AJ,111 Robert,on Dunc,111 McKechme. 4 Cander Avenue. Stonehou\e. Lrn,1rbh1rc ML9 3ND 908 'Bnthcr' Be' Burn; 1971 1971 16 TIHim.i' llow1e Mr; Anne Mclntvre. Cl uh 21 Wallace Street. K1lmJrnock KA I I ~B 91 l Borestonc Bowling Cluh 1947 1972 I 00 George S1mp,on George S1mp,on. 13 Weaver Row, St N1111an\, Stnhng FK7 9AS 915 Canterbury Burn' Club 1971 1972 66 W 11\mter M15' N M Hill. P 0 (Inc) Box 33119 B.nnngton Chmtchurch 2. New Zealand 916 Hole 1' the Wa' Burn' 1904 1972 40 Wilham Turner Neil McKeand. Cluh 49 Greenlca Cre,cent. Collm, Dumtne' DGI 4PR 917 Scott"h Pre"denh · 1958 1972 Lew W Reid. Lea Rig. A~\OC 152 Lea Road. Gam,borough. Lmc' DN21 !AN 918 Dover and Ea't Kent 1887 1973 124 Harry llutchl\on Mf\ Dorothy M<1cF,1rl,111e. Scott"h Soc1et) 169 Elm' Vale Road. Dover. Kent CTl7 9PW

145 'that greatest of benevolent institutions established in honour of Robert Burns'. - Glasgow Herald. The National Burns Memorial Homes, Mauchline, Ayrshire Created for Deserving Old People - as the most fitting Memorial to Robert Burns

EIGHTEEN of these comfortable houses, built at Mauchline, in the heart of the Burns Country, are occupied by deserving old folks, carefully selected from all quarters. Many of the Cottagers left tied houses on retirement with nowhere else to stay. There are no irksome restrictions. They have their own key, their own furniture if they so desire, come and go as they please, and have their own friends calling on them as they wish . The whole aim and object of the scheme is to allow the Cottagers to continue the enjoyment of the quiet comfort of their 'ain fireside' in ideal surroundings. The amenities of the Homes are constantly being improved and added to, and for this purpose MONEY IS ALWAYS REQUIRED WILL YOU PLEASE HELP by sending a donation to:- A. J. Campbell, Secretary, Mitchells Roberton George House, 36 North Hanover Street, Glasgow G1 2AD Tel. 041·552 3422

146 Mem­ No Nmne /1111 frd hen Ptc.Hdem Secretw\'

M1.., Anne Brov~n 919 Or,ingc and D"tnct 1973 100 D.1\ld (' B10\\n J72 Lrn d' Place, 01,111gc Scott"h A"oc NSW, Au,tr.ih.i 28110 and Burn' Cluh 920 Try,ting Thorn Burn' 1971 1973 40 Joan Prott John ProtL A\l:-nuc. Club 8 Hann.l11..,ton Drongan. Ayr..,h11c

921 Northern Scntt"h llJ72 1973 Jh Wilham R M"' Hhcl IL1IL 28D Wh1teh,tll PI.tee, Ahc1decn Counttc.., A~~oc ol Mu11.11·, MA Burn' Cluh' AB2 4PA 922 The Clumher Burn' 1973 1973 11 Ch,trle' Munay L Jcdvon .... Jn Brun\\\ 1ch. Cl uh Road, ll1oom Valin Rotherham, S York' SW 2Rll 923 Old M,inor Burn' Club, 1969 l97J 50 A (, Gourlay J.imc~ Boyle, ~X C.t\Hk1 Bndge of All,m Road, BllllgL' of All,111 5t1rlmg..,hnc 924 S C T A ( Dumfnc' 1939 1973 49 Jame' McKenzie S K Dougl.i .... Br6 Redding Road, Launc,ton, l«tlktrk FK2 rLTI Edmonton Cre' , St Albc1 t, Albc1 ta, Canada T8N IT8 929 Bathg

147 AYRSHIRE AND BURNS COUNTRY for GOLF 15, including 3 Championship courses SWIMMING With a choice of 4 indoor heated pools or miles of safe sandy beaches FISHING Sea, river or loch BOWLING On first class greens HORSE RACING At Scotland's Premier Racecourse CASTLES - GARDENS - THEATRE - CINEMA AND SO MUCH MORE! The scenic splendour of the area is unequalled anywhere in the world. Whatever time of year you choose to visit, you can be sure of something happening, whether it be one of the Festival Weeks, or one of the major events which are held in the area throughout the year. For further information and full colour brochures contact: AYRSHIRE AND BURNS COUNTRY TOURIST BOARD 39 SANDGATE AYR TEL. (0292) 284196 (24-hour answering service)

148 Afc111- No Name /1111 he1\ Pre\tdcnt .\ec retarr 941 Robert Burn' Cluh ot 1975 1975 33 I l<1rold Towncnd Robert B Carh le. S,m Diego uo Colonial Inn. '1111 Pro,pect Street. L" Jolld. C1htorm.1. US A 921137 943 llumhers1de Burn' Soc 1970 1976 72 Jun Brown Gr<1h.1111 llMlc'. ..f St1.1thmmc Avenue. Beverley High Road. I lull, I lumber"dc. llLJh 711.1

944 Alamo Burn' Club. 1973 1976 40 .I Murr")' J.imc.., F1r...hc1 . .5 Ne\\ Pa1'1ey lnchrnnan Ro.id, Pa1..,kv. Renlrew,l111e . 945 K1rklee' Scotl1'h 1974 1976 35 M" Elizabeth M" F .I Medlen. Highland Society Hannah 34 Th01 pc l anc. Almondburv. Hudder>t1cld. Yo1k,h11c llD5 8TA 1976 1976 37 Dr Jim Curne Andy llay. 2 Brandy l.dnc 111401-19 Street SW. Calgarv. Alhcrt,1, C1n<1d.1 T2W 3E7 948 Saltcoah Glcnc,urn 1975 1'!76 Wilham Stew,1rt. Masonic Burn' Club 3 I S1dnev Street. '>altcn<1h. Ay"h1rc 949 Fir Park Cluh. Burn' 1976 1976 29 J F Good A Carbr.1y. 78 Sh1ekh Section Dnve. Motherwell MLI 2DX 950 Drumoyne and D1'tnct 1932 1976 11111 Colin W1hon Mr> Sh11lev W1hon. Scottish Soc ,md 11 lnnc' Street. Five Dock. Burn' Club NSW 21146, Au'1raha 951 B1rnbeck Burn' Club, 1975 1976 100 ~qn Llh E II M" Dmothv Snook. Wc..,tnn-..,-Mare lla1m (Retd ) 2 Vcrl~uHh, C ongrc~hury, B1"tol BSl9 5BL 954 Newton Burn' Cluh. 1962 1977 60 Robert D1<1n10nd Aln Ba1rd. Ayr 215 Whlllcth Ro.id. Ayr 955 Gdftwhmzean Burn' 1968 1977 Henry S Kmna1rd. Club 1\11ddlcton ot Ald1c. Fo..,,ow.1y, Kmro~~ KYl3 70.1 956 Nantwich ,md D1'tnct 1958 1977 M" Sally F Staple,, Scott1'h Society 'Orcad1a', 8 We'11leld Dnvc, Wc~ta ... ton. Crewe, Chc,h1re CW2 8ES 957 Ottawa Burn' Club 1977 1977 Bill Beaton. 79 Meadowlamh D11ve W. Nepcan. Ontdno. Canada K26 2R9 958 Clan McGregor Lodge 1924 1977 80 Stephen Smgld1 Kenneth E McCartnev. 271, Toledo. Oh10 827 Contment,11 Blvd : Toledo 959 Bangkok St Andrew 1977 22 Ian Flemmg J R Lum,den. The Soc. Charte1ed B

149 THE BURNS HOUSE MUSEUM, MAUCHLINE

On the upper floor is the room in which Burns began his married life, while the gallery contains many pictures and items of Burns' interest. Another room is devoted to a Curling Exhibition donated by Kelvingrove Art Gallery. A large display of Mauchline Boxware attracts many visitors. The Kirkyard with its strong Burns connections is nearby. Parties are welcome; guides are available and teas can be arranged. Evening visits could occupy a syllabus meeting. Opening hours - Easter to 30th September, 11.30 a.m.-12.30 p.m. and 1.30 p.m.-5.30 p.m. Sundays 2.00 p.m.-5.00 p.m. Visits outwith hours and season by arrangement - phone Mauchline 50045. D. I. Lyell, M.A., F.S.A. Scot., 9 East Park Avenue, Mauchline

150 Mm1- No Name /111/ hen Pre\tdcnt .'we 1ctm_,

962 Calcdoman Society of 1892 1977 160 l'ctc1 Mill,ir Ml' Ro,em,m M1lla1. Prctor1d I' 0 Box 971. Pret011a. 0001. Republic of South Al11ca

963 Cotgrave Burn> Cluh 1977 1978 40 R Aitken M" Elizabeth Fern'. 4 Flagholme. Cot grave. Noth NG I:> WE

964 The Gamh1a 1954 1977 100 M"' Bhth B10\\n Jcnmkr Ph1111...,tc1, P 0 (\1lcdonmn Society Bo\ 981. B.m1ul. The (Jamh1a 965 Royal Calctraha Crc..,ccnt, L111Jcn P.11 "-, South Au,t1 aha 50h5 966 Clan Ro'e Society of 1970 1977 I ~h Edw111 B Ro'c Col John B Ro,c. J1 . Amcnt-.1 USAF I Rct'cl). ::>I L 11mood Road. Fort W.ilton Beach F· I J::>S-18 USA 967 Earhtcrry Burn' Club 1975 1977 30 John F Robc11'on G W.ll ... h. Fail..,uo..,..,, Eail,lcrrv. Ehc. hie 969 Hu ::>FN 971 North BcrwKk Burn' 1899 1978 185 Mr> Maqonc M" Margdfct Ann Club Whvtock Crawford. 'Atholl Lodge'. 13 Ea't Road. North • lkrw1ck. Ea,t Loth1,m EH39 .JLF 972 Don Valley Calcdoman 1971 1978 82 G ( 'onroy M" G Smith. h C1n Society View A\cnuc. DonCd\tcr DN-1 8AY 973 Sal,burgh Mmer; Burn' 1978 1978 32 I lcm) Leckie C1thcrme GJrdncr. Club 58 Cn v die Ave . Sabhurgh. Shott' ML7 4NQ 974 Elhot Lake Burn' Club 1978 1978 57 M" M,11g,11ct Gly1m Nolan Sa1gcnt 8 Canberra Crc;cent. Elliot Like. Ontano. Crn.id,1 PSA 976 llopctoun Laddie> 1977 1978 JO T Jcll1v C Young, 45 Gcmgc Burn' Club Cn:..,ccnt. Orm1\ton, Tr,111cnt. Ea<.,,t Lothian EllJ5 5JB 977 Whyalla St. Andrew 1974 1978 l!Kl Da\ld K11 k Jock Dcw,on. I' 0 Bo\ Society 2086. Why.ilia. Nome 5608. South Au,traha 978 Burn; Appreciation Cohn Mc Kenne. 5111 Society of D1ckeyv1lle W1thcred,\llle Ro.id. Balt1m01e. M,11yland 21207. U ~A , 979 Jewel Welfare 'lloly 1978 197'1 42 J Allan W Alexander. W1lhc,· Burn' Club I IH Magdalene Garden'. Edinburgh 980 Niagard FJlb Burn' 1926 1979 26 Bill Molloy M" Betty Freeman. Club 40 Old Orchard. W1lha1m\lllc. New York 14221 981 Berkshire Burn' Club. 1978 1979 25 I ncz S Moore Glady' Dav1d,on. Massachusetts I' 0 Box 134. Lenox, Ma~~ , US A 01240

151 ,item­ No Name lint. hen l're\tde111 Sec retarr

982 Garnock Burn' Club 1868 1979 W A L1w, 25 Bait our Avenue, Beith KAl5 !AW 983 Montreal General 1961 1979 21 C F D Ackmon S G Mac1'adc, I h"p1tal Burn' Society Department ol Uoology, 1650 Cedar Ave , Montreal 113G I A-I, Quebec, Canada 984 MacQuanc-Stcwart 1979 1979 -10 De' l avlor Edward McCogl,m, Town Burn' Club llou'c 22, 4 TralalgM PI dee, MM,focld, N S. W , Au~tr.tha 2122 985 New Galloway Burn' 1979 1979 G Lmd,dy, Man,cfocld Ma,omc Club Hou'c, St Mary Street, Krrkcudbnght DG6 .JEL 986 Robert Burn' Society 1978 1979 120 John Dodd' Roddre Brun,ton. P 0 Box of Annapoh,, Ltd 4185, Annapol" MD21403-6185 U SA 987 Hull Scot' Society of 1910 1979 114 John K111g M" D E GrdVe>, SL Andrew Humber Lodge. Humber Lane, Pdtnngton, N llumbcr"dc llU12 OPJ 989 Holt Hill Burn' Club 1979 Keith Cleary M" F Gr,1h,11n. 29 Carl.ow Rd , Prcnton. Brrkenhead, Mcr!-icy~1

152 /Hcm­ No Narne /111/ red hcn Pn1 \tde111 .~euctlil\'

I!Kl4 Gatehou'e of Fleet 1952 1981 90 Jnn W hnl.i) George McCulloch. Burn' Cluh Fleetwood, Gatchou"ic of Fleet DG7 2Ell

!005 Tamworth & D"t11ct 1959 1981 M" E Turner. Scott"h SoCJet\ 9 Ankcrv1cw. Kcttll'hrook. L1mwmth. Staff\ 1006 St Andrew' Soc1et) of 1893 1981 14.J M" Muncl John McN.ib. ~1e11.1 Mexico Mclnt

153 Mem­ No Name /111/ hen ,\ccri'lat\'

1024 North Amenrnn llumphic) Mr.., M Kozak1L'\\'1cz. Av.. oc1at10n ol MdcDonald 5933 I "'"yette Fc Rita Turner Mf\ M Brown. Club I 'J St Medd,m' Street. Troon. Ayr;h1rc 1040 Cowdcnbealh Scoh 1984 1984 18 Robert R Malcolm M,un. Wha' Hae Burn' Club Campbell I 0 Glcnfteld GJrden,, Cowdcnbe<1th !041 Nana1mo Burn' Club 1984 1984 18 Don Mett<1m George S1mp,on. Box 13. Acacia Road, Wanoo<.,c, BC. CanadJ VOR 2RO V9T 3V9 !042 K1lmaur> Glcnea1rn 1981 1984 38 Robert Beattie M" Mav Beattie. Burn' Club 34 Ea'l -Park Crc,ccnt. K1lmaur,. Ayr>h1rc

154 Mem­ No Name /1111 fed hcn .\'('(f('fll/\

IO·B The Robe1 t Buin' 1984 1984 39 B 11 J I loylc 1\11" .I D (i1 av. Society ol South FL1t 74. 411 l'a1 k l e11 Au,t1al1a Cii!hc1ton. ~outh A11,ti:1h,1 5081 1044 Lmlge Burn' lmmort.il 1984 1984 Rllhc1t \\'.i,..,tlc Societ) Ed\\,11d Brodie· 11,utland. I lml't<111. Tn.i' 77055. USA 1047 The C1lcdo11Ian Society 1928 I Ill Hen1 y F.11II) Mr> Ann F,111Jcy. P,uk of Cnlchc,ter & Di'tnct Farm. Grcdt Btomk~. Colchc,te1. E"cx C07 7l 1S

I 04X Hong Kong 1881 1984 <>20 Ch1cltam S C Sl

1049 Lodge C1mpcrdown _,71 1984 Albe! t Mitchell Angu.., ~tu.11L 32 Dyke head Place. Dumke D04 ri·1 ( · 11150 I k1 tlord,hu e Robe1 t 1986 1986 Dudley S1Lcl<1111..L l'O Burn.., Soc Red Lion lintel. ( '1 Nlllth Road. IL1tl1cld. lkrh

1051 North.impton lo\\11 .ind 1924 1985 ~11.., N01,1 \\'ood Mp., Matgarct Mckee, County Scotti'h Soc IS l\1Ihe1ton C1e,eent. Ah111gton \'ak. N01 thampton 1052 E'com Club (Koche1g) 1984 1985 Jo D1 Bn,111 1\1 Mcl'hel'on. Scotti'h Aetl\Itlc' F1tLp.1tnek 7 Pox.er nit C1 L''>cenL Scctmn Melkho"trand 74115. C1pe Town. RSA 1115:1 · Bu111' Club· Gr,1mpian 198.\ 1985 :17 W1ll1.im B1own John l\L1111ott. Corhy A')..,oc1at1(rn 14 Bognm Rodd. Corby. No1than1' NNl8 llPX ltl54 Hunter Y.illcy Scoh Club 1980 1985 WillI,1111 I Ball M McMullen. 5 Nooroo Clmc. Wmdalc NSW 2-'0h. Au>trah,1

1055 Lh,111hrydc Burn' Club 1985 1985 ~2 Ian P.11!.. Wilham Duncan. 'iO K1lhag1c Street. Kmcdrd1ne Allo<1. Cl._tck.m.innan..,h1rc 1056 Toowoomhd 1911 1985 Mr> MMgarct McMullcn. C .ilcdo11Ian Society ,111d 11 Mdr) Street. Burn' Club Toowoornh.i. Au'>trdlt.i 1057 Lochmabcn Drouthy 1983 1985 50 D,n 1d Shankland. J M D1ck1e. Ncch

155 Mem­ No Name /1111 hen Pre.\tdent !'Jecretar\'

1061 Calcdoman Soc ol ll/53 1986 120 A G1bhons Mrs V Hynes. Bru"cls Stcrncbccldl,1an. 7. l 9(K) Ovcnise. Bclgmm 1062 Ashburn House Burns 1986 1986 37 T hom.ts Riddock Robert M1tchcll. Club 19 Argyll Street. Alina. Clacks FKllJ 3RR 1063 The Calcdom,in Club. 1891 l98h 1621 E.irl ol Airhc Commander C M. London (j c v 0 B,1ggulcy. R N . Calcdo111an Club. London. 9 llalkin Street. London SWIX 7DR 1064 Altongrange Burns 1985 1986 16 G Crolt-Smllh Anne AdanN>n, Atholl Club Cottage. 8 Alloway. Ayr KA7 4PY 1065 'The Trustv F1eres· 1986 1986 20 Dante! K1lp.1tnck Darnel Kilpatrick. Erskine B~rns Club 5 lnvcrbcrv1e. North Barr. Erskme PA8 6EQ 1066 Fochabers Burns Club 1982 1986 Wilham K B.irclay. 'Tor-Nci-Gar'. Fochahers. Mor.iy 1067 Seton Burns Club 1986 1986 Tom D,lVldson. Cockenzie & Port Seton Bowling & Rccre,1t1on Cluh. Kmg George V Playmg Field. North Seton P.irk. Port Seton. E,ist Lothian 1068 Robert Burns Soe1ety of 1986 Vicky S. Goodloe. Central Kentucky P 0 Box 394. M1dw,1y. Kentucky 40347. U S A 1069 Fnday Night Burns 1987 George ThomM)n. Club. Falkirk 95h Grahams Road. Falkirk !070 Robert Burns Club of 1986 1987 42 Wilham Kerr Wilham 01,on. 8162 North Milwaukee ScnecJ Road. M1Iw,mkec. W1' 53217. US A 1071 'The R,1ttlm Squad' 1980 1987 36 J Black wood C J Rothe. 21 Burnocl, Street. Ochiltree. Ayrshire KA 18 2NP 1072 HaLcl Tree Burns Club 1986 1987 30 J L1vmgstone T J Starrs. 27 Newark Dr . Corhy. Northants NNl8 OES 1073 Robert Burns Club ol Enc 1986 1987 Mrs Lmd,1 PcLdek. 507 Sandtord Place. Enc. PA 16511. USA 1074 Glenrothcs Burns Club 1987 1987 12 James MulhollJnd Sheila Edwards. 45 Ivanhoe Dr . Glcnrothes. Fite 1075 Sg1an Dhu Ce1hdh Club. 1986 1988 LOO B L Pinc D K. Fraser. J llunt St . Corby Corby. Northants NN 18 9LE 1076 The Can-Du Burns Club 1987 1988 14 Dr James Connor Mrs M Urquhart. 39 Glcbe (Canada-Dumfries) St . Dumfries DG I 2LO !077 Scottish Club of Tuba 1955 1988 95 Mrs Wm (Rawmc) Mrs T Ahcrnethy. Gordon 117 W 4th St . Sk1atook. Oklahoma 74070. USA 1078 Burns Club of Vancouver 1987 1988 15 Jack Whyte Jack Whyte. Burns Cluh of Vancouver. c/o 3175 Cap1l,ino Road. North Vancouver. B C . Canada V7R 4114

156 LAND O' BURNS CENTRE, ALLOWAY (Entrance alongside Alloway Church)

This Visitor and Tourist Centre is located in the heart of Burns Country, opposite The Auld Haunted Kirk' where Tam o' Shanter roared on the cantrips of Cutty Sark, and five minutes walk from the Brig o' Doon where poor Maggie lost her tail. With such distinguished neighbours our Centre has to be something special, and it is. The Audio Visual Theatre with multi-screen projection offers an insight into the man Burns, with a scenic tour of the Burns Country. This new programme makes an excellent starting point for visits to the Burns Heritage Trail Sites. There is an attractive shopping area offering the discerning visitor the best of Scottish craft, including exquisite jewellery, glass and pottery, leather and woollen goods and well stocked bookshelves. Set in beautiful landscaped gardens, there are ample car and coach car parks, with attractive picnic areas. Our new tea room is a welcome addition to the facilities already offered. The staff will treat you with a courtesy which will please you and they will thank you for calling, because they believe that the most important people at the Centre are you, our visitors. May we look forward to meeting you. THE CENTRE IS OPEN 7 days a week all year round. HOURS: Oct-May 1O a.m.-5 p.m. (7 days) June & Sept 1O a.m.-5.30 p.m. (7 days) July & August 10 a.m.-6 p.m. (7 days)

Enquiries to the Manager: Mr Tom Raffel at Alloway 43700 Props: Kyle & Carrick District Council

157 FROM THE FEDERATION BOOKSHOP THE COMPLETE LETTERS OF ROBERT BURNS Limited Edition £25 Souvenir Edition £15.95

THE COMPLETE WORKS OF ROBERT BURNS Presentation Edition (leather bound) £29.50 De Luxe Edition £17.50 Souvenir Edition £9.95

THE BURNS FEDERATION SONG BOOK £2.50 (Members £2.00)

THE BURNS CHRONICLE Clothbound £7.50 (Members £4.50) Paperbound £4.99 (Members £2.99)

THE BURNS FEDERATION 1885-1985 (History of the Federation and the Burns movement) NOW ONLY £2.00

For a full list of other publications and various items available contact:

The Burns Federation, Dick Institute, Elmbank Avenue, Kilmarnock KA 1 3BU

158 THE BURNS FEDERATION Dick Institute, Elmbank Avenue Kilmarnock KAl 3BU Associate membership Ladies or Gentlemen, whether or not they are members of a federated Club or Society, may become Associate Members of the Burns Federation by applying in writing to the Hon. Secretary. The subscription is £10 per annum. Associate Members are entitled to a free copy of the Burns Chronicle and all editions of The Burnsian, and to attend the Annual Council of the Federation. New Publications Burnsiana (Ja mes A. Mackay) £14.95 Full colour poster (Nasmyth portrait surrounded by scenes from his life and work) 20"x28" £2.00 Member's price £1.50 Publications, etc., available from Headquarters: Burns Chronicle (1988) paperbound £4.99 clothbound £7.50 Burns Federation Song Book £2.00 The Life of Robert Burns (for children) £1.25 A Scots Handsel £2.95 Bairnsangs £1.45 Robert Burns, the Man and his work (Hans Hecht) £6.95 Robert Burns and Edinburgh £1.00 The Burns Encyclopedia (Maurice Lindsay) £14.95 Poems and Songs of Robert Burns (James Barke) paperback £2.95 Twenty Favourite Songs and Poems of Robert Burns (Gourdie) £1.50 Johnnie Walker's 'Burns Supper Companion' (Hugh Douglas) £4.85 Diplomas (club membership cards) 15p Burns Federation Badges £1.00 Burns Club Ties £3.50 Burns Check Bow Ties £3.00 Greetings Cards- Burns at the Plough 25p 'Wha's Like Us' Greetings Cards 35p Burns and Bible (G. H. Paton) £4.95 Burns Federation 1885-1985 (Centenary Book) £2.00

'200 Club' The Burns Federation 200 Club is open to members of affiliated Burns clubs and Scottish Societies and to Associate members of the Burns Federation. The Charge for membership is £12 to be paid between lst May and 30th June annually. There are ten consecutive draws each of which pays out £30, £20 and £10. In addition £125 will be paid out four times per annum when all 200 memberships are taken up. Proceeds of the 200 Club go to assist the work of the Burns Federation.

159 Printed by SUNPRINT, 36 Tay Street, Perth and 40 Cra1gs, Stirling

160

Burns in Edinburgh, January, 1787- The historic painting of 1887 by Chas. M. Hardie, ARSA DINWIDDIE'S of DUMFRIES offer a wide range of BURNS AND SCOTTISH TABLE STATIONERY MENU CARDS PLACE CARDS Burns or St. Andrew's Cross NAPKINS Burns quotation (4 designs); Thistle; Tartan CHRISTMAS CARDS Burns in Edinburgh (pack of five) FLAGS of all natio!lS 6" x 4" art silk (for table) or large buntiqg TARTAN PAPER Royal Stewart - sheets or rolls _ ROBERT BURNS POEMS AND SONGS Robert Burns Teaspoons; Keyrings; Matches Your enquiries welcome - Write or TelephP:ie: ROBERT DINWIDDIE & CO. LTD. (MRS MARY GRIERSON) 34 Great King Street, Dumfries DG 1 lBD Telephone (0387) 55249 Established 1846