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SCOTTIS E QUENCYSHD F FAWSIDO ' E AND LEUCHARS. 5 27 .

. II .

NOTES ON THE SCOTTISH DE QUENCYS OF FAWSIDE AND LEUCHARS. BY WILLIAM W. IKELAND, M.D., F.S.A. SOOT.

Nothing is more striking than the rapid degeneracy of the Germanic races who settled amongst the Latinised peoples of Western Europe. e descendantTh e conquerorth f o s s fel a prel n theii y e r th tur o t n incursions of the Northmen who occupied various parts of and d foundean , a dpowerfu l dukedo e nortth f Eranceo hn mi . But instead of sinking into sensuality and sloth, the showed a spirit of heroic adventure which lasted through many generations. It is a signal proof of the superiority of the race that many of them found successful careers beyon e countriedth s which they conquered. Norman soldier f fortuno s e sought foreign lands, gained powe wealthd an r d an , founded great familie eved an sn royal dynasties e pitilesTh . s spoliation e Saxonoth f s afte Normae th r n Conques f Englano t d might well have mad rulere eth f neighbourino s g countries war f allowinyo gfootina o gt those encroaching adventurers, yet we find the Gaelic of Scotland, who gave a refuge to the fugitives from the cruelty of , welcoming Normans amongs e Saxoth t n populatioe th f o n Border counties. Tha e nobilitth t f Englano y s e Normath wa d s wa n resul f conquesto t , thae nobleo manth s t f f Scotlano o ys d werf o e Norman origi s e electioowin e th Scottisnwa th o t gf no h kings. This practice of favouring the stranger commenced with Malcolm Canmore, and went on under David I. and Malcolm IV. During these times there was much intercourse between the two countries; the Scottish kings frequently visited England, and gradually introduced feudal law into e lowland,th f Scotlando s n grantinI . g fief o Normant s s they probably counted upon their fidelity as the creatures of the royal favour, and hoped to avail themselves of their skill in organisation to bring a rude people under order and law. William the Lion, though, unfortunate in his war with England, continued the policy of his predecessors in welcoming sons of 6 27 PROCEEDING E SOCIETY , 18989 TH Y F .O SMA ,

noblemee th f Englanno givind dan g them land Scotlann si d whicd hha e Crowth falle o t n through demis r forfeitureo e . Amongse th t familie o thuwh ss found entry int Northere oth n Kingdom were Baliol, Bruce, Cumin, Soulis, Mowbray, Saint Clair, Hay, Giffard, Eamesay, Laundel, Somerville, Bysey, Berkeley or Barclay, Walenge, Boys, Montgomery, Vanlx, Coleville, Fraser, Seton, Agnew d Gurlayan , . •Most of these names are still common in our country, and many of them are memorable in our history ; but the family which forms the subjec f thio t s paper passed away from Scotland without leavin gtraca e behind, so that many educated persons not versed in our antiquities are unawar e Quencyed tha e th t s were once amongs greatese e th t th f o t Scottish . The Quencys came from Normandy with William. The name e rolf Batteth o l n io sl Abbey. Saie e Quencd rgrana d ytha l from Henry II. of the Manor of Busliby, in the county of Northampton.

Dugdale makes this Saie Quencye d r e fatheth , f boto r h Rober Saied e an td r 1 Quency, the of Winchester. Robert had a brother called Saier, but it was his (Robert's n whso )o became Ear f Winchestero l . Dugdale also tells s thau t this Robert, being in the Holy Land (2 Richard I.), upon the recess of the of , was made captain of those soldiers then left behind for the defence of his country ngains e infidelsth tals o H o .attende d King Richard sixte th hn reigns i , yeahi f o r, in that expedition whic e theh n made into Normandy (Baronage f England,o tom. 686)p . ei . Burton (Desertion of Leicestershire, containing Matters of Antiquity and History, by William Burton, Esq., London, 1622, p. 37) makes this Robert the father of Saier. same Whetheth r anothe es o wa t i rr Rober accompanieo wh t d Richard seems a question to be solved. If Robert the of Fawside and Robert the Crusader were the same, it is singular that this should not be alluded to by some contemporary writer. Robert, the companio Richardf no mentiones i , Geoffren di Viusaue d y fItinerarys f Richardo . I Holye tth o Land, boo . chapiv k e tell. H s iii thau e sDuk. th tf Burgundyo e , Drogo d'Amiens, and Robert de Quency were sent on a second embassy to the Marquis of Montferrat to order him to come with them to the army and give up the hostages. They thu t possessiogo s e hostagesth f werno o ewh , cruell deato t t hypu Richardy b . "Wahlte der von Burgund zu gefahrten den Bischof von Beauvais, und den Grafen Drogo von Amiens uud Wilhelm von Merlon, siimmtlich Freunde des Markgrafen, welchen Richar n seinedvo r Seite nocn Rittede h r Rober Quiucn vo t y beyga diesd un eb; Herren zoge achtem na n August nach Tyrus." - (Gcschichte der Kreuzzuge, von Dr Friediich Wilken, vierter Theil, p. 384.) SCOTTISH DE QUENCYS OF FAWSIDE AND LEUCHAKS. 277

Dugdale tells us that he had a son called Robert, who accompanied Richard Cceu e Liod r o Palestinet n . It was either this Robert, or a scion of the same family of the same name, who, comin o Scotlandt g , received from King Malcole th . mIV e Manogranth f f Travernento o rt r Tranento 1 n Iladdingtonshirei , . This seem o havt s e reverte e Kingth e deatn o 1154i th t d, f ho y b , Thor, the son of Swan. The first mention of Robert de Quency occurs in a charter of Robert Avenel of Eskdale, in which the said de Quency is quoted as a witness to a previous grant made in the reign of King Malcolm t I e doeQuenct d appea. no sw ho yr obtaine e landth df o s Fawside, e whichtimeth f Davin o si , d I., were hel y Edmunb d f o d Fawside, who was a witness in a grant of that King.2 In addition to this, the old castle of Forfar was given to Robert de Quency by King William yearla t a , poune y renon pepper,f f do o t paie b t Easterda o t 3 . Robert de Quency increased his possessions by marrying Eva, the daughte f Williamextensivd d heireso an ha rn f o Nessso o s wh e ,e th , estates in . The site of the stronghold of this old Celtic chieftain i se see b stil no t l nea village th r f Loucharseo raisea , d mound witha flattened surface looking ovee plaith r n around. Her a ecastl s wa e built, whice English s taketh hwa y b n , unde e Ear th rf Pembroke o l n i , 1327. In 1336 it was retaken by Andrew Moray. Only a few scattered stones now remain to indicate that the ground was once occupie y buildingsb d d ther e an tracea ,moa ar e f o st which onco inclosed about three acre f groundo s . The part of the old church of Leuchars still standing is one of the finest relics of the early Norman style in all Scotland.4 In its archi- tecture it resembles the churches of Dalmeny and Birnie, which date 1 Trov-er-nent, in the British speech, signifies the habitation or village on the ravin r valeo e; Tranent same th en i language, , signifie e sameth s . Both forme ar s equally descriptive of the situation. Chalmers' Caledonia, London, 1810, p. 523. Fawsidese Noticee th Se 2f o . f Bedfordthato H . C Ilk, y ,b F.S.A. e Scot.th n i , Proceedings, vol. xxiv. p. 370. 3 See Liber Oartarum Prioratus Sancti Andree in Scotia, , 1841, p. 354. e Scottisth n I h charter name sth generalls ei y writte Quencye nd I hav o s ,e adopted

spelline th g which they themselves used. 4 See The Kirk and the Manse, by the Rev. Robert "W. Eraser, M.A., p. 199, and Liber Cartarum Prioratus Sancti Andree ut cit., . 254p . 278- PROCEEDINGS' OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 9, -1898. about .the same time. It appears that it was built by Ness, the son of William d presentean , canone Cathedrae th th f o t dAndrewst o sS f o l . Only the chancel now remains, the ruius of the body of the old structure having been removed to give e moderplacth o t e n parish churchI . have been told that there were many grave-stones and inscriptions on the floor of the old church, and a few such monuments still remain in the chancel, but none of them of a date very far back. Most likely, Ness, Bobeii de Quency, and his were buried here, and their tombs were swept away whe modere nth n plac f worshieo erecteds pwa . Seyr de Quency, the son of Eobert, granted three marks of silver in- annual gift from his mill at Leuchars to the canons of .1 Prom a charter in the muniments of the Abbey of Melrose,2 Eva, the wif f Eobero e e Quencyd t , survivenamen so r e husbandhe d dan John. For the salvation of .their souls and her own, she bequeathed five acres of ground at Edmunston to the monks of Melrcse. Her siste s Counteswa r f Marro s . Eober Quence d t supposes yi havo dt e founde e Castldth e of-Fawside, no wa desolat d skeletool e f stono n e crownin e hilth g l looking clown upon Midlothian, and memorable as the spot occupied by the English under the before they descended to attack the Scottish army in the disastrous battle of Pinkie. Fawside presents the a largruin f o es castle whic s evidentlha h y received additiont a s different times. There are still extant four charters by the de Quencys, which have been preserve e interesteth y b d e de monkAbbe th th car f f f o eo so y Newbottle. Non f theo ee datede mfirsar f theTh o t . m must have been made about 1189. Amongst the witnesses are :—Jocelin, Bishop of Glasgow; Arnald, Abbot of Melrose; Enkerbald, Abbot of Dunfermline; Earl Duncan3 (of Fife); Philip of Euermel, and Philip his son. In this venerable piece of parchment, now in the Advocates' Library,'

1 Liler Cartarum ut cit., . 255p . See Liber Sancte Marie de Melros, Afunimenta vetustioria Monaslerii Cistemensis 2 de Melres (Ra-nnaty-ne Club), Edinburgh. , 183749 . N- , . 3 Duncan died n 120i - 3 (Hailes' Annals, . 157)p vol . i ., near Romaiiochn i , Peeblesshire. SCOTTIS E QUENCYHD F FAWSIDO S LEUCIIARSD AN E9 27 .

Rober e Queneyd t , lor f Fawsido d' d Tranentan e , grant e lanth s d between a burn called Wigtrig (sicut rivulus de Wytterigh ad mare descendit) on the east, and the burn of Pinkie on the west, and bounde e sout th somy n hb do e ditches d causewhice dugb ha o e ,t dhh and on the north by the sea. All this land is granted to the Cistercian Abbey of Newbottle. In addition to this, }ie allows the right of grazing 600 sheep, and the oxen needed to work their land, on his common near Tranent. He grants them six acres of land in his meadow of Tranent (Trevernent). Ho also allows them to take away 20 carts of peats (petys) annually fro e lord'mth s peatry (dominica petera),d an fuel (focalia) from the usual place where the tenants took fuel. This charte s writtei r n uncouti n h Latin, with perplexing abbreviations, mixed with words of English origin. As the estate granted is called the Grange of Preston of the land of Tranent (Grangiam de Preston de tellure e Tavernef),d t doe i t appea no s r tha name th t e Presto r Priest'no s town, whic sais havo hdt wa e superseded Aldhamme r Alhammero r s wa , derived from the monks of Newbottle. The Wigtrig burn now runs into a drain on the road between the railway station and Prcstonpans; t Prestoa t i emergen a littls e Tower th wes f o t , thoughe somth f o e water has been diverted into a channel a little beyond ISfortlineld House. e PinkiTh e burn flow a nease s r e intWestpansth o , formine th g boundary of East and Midlothian. The marsh mentioned in one of the charters was the same which separated the army of General Cope from tha f Charleo t sbefory Stuarda e battl th e f th Prestonto e - paiis. It was drained to make the railway; hut a bit of bog still remains near Seton Mill Farm. In a second charter, which, is witnessed by Eoger, "Bishop-elect of t Andrewelectes S t wa consecrate 1175n e no di (h sd an , d until 1198); e samth ey b Jocelin d an , Bisho f Glasgowo p s knowi o o havt nwh , e 26te th die hn do Apri l 1199 j1 Ernold, Abbo f Ryevallo t d Hughan ; , Chancellor of Scotland. In this document, Seyr de Queney confirmed the grant of his father, Eobert de Queney. In a third charter, Seyr de

The 26th Apryle 1199 deyed Jocelin, Bishop of Glasgow, at the Abbey of Melros1 . This zeire deyed lykways Hew, Lord Chaneeler of Scotland. The Annales of Scotland, Historical Works of Sir Jama Balfour, London, 1825, vol. x. 0 28 PROCEEDING E SOCIETY , 18989 TH Y F . O SMA ,

Quency enlarge e gran th se y givinmonk e b th t th e hal o f t gth so f 'marsh, froe eas f th m"Wigtrio t g burn d alsan o, assign o thet se mth exclusive righ f diggino t g coal (carbonarium t e quan-arium^ d an

quarrying between this sai1 d bur f "Wygtryo n g ane boundarieth d f o s Pinkie and down to low-water mark, witnessed by W., Bishop of St Andrews, lugano de Ballia, Symon de Quency, and Alexander de Seton. fourta n I h charter, Rogef Seyro e Quencyn d r, so confirm e th , e th s grant f lano s ds grandfathemadhi y b e d fatheran r , wit e righth hf o t digging coal and quarrying. Froinferree b my thima d t si tha e valuablth t e deposit f coad o s ha l become known to the monks, and were thought'sufficiently important to be objects of stipulation in two legal parchments of no great length. There is also the confirmation of William, King of Scotland, of the

1 "Et in accessu maris et reeessu." t thiA s time probablcoas followiny b wa l g ye du outcroppin th g ge stratth n o a coast under ground. It formed an article of export. In their excavations they were often checke gatherine th y db waterf go , place whicf on o e n h i d the ri yt triege o t d by boring a passage from low-water mark to their excavations ; and, although coal has been dug for seven hundred years, it is still abundant in the parishes of Preston- pans and Tranent. Coal is not mentioned in the Collection of the Transactions of Melrose till the reign of Robert II., see Liber Sancte Marie de Melrose, Pref., p. xvi. an t knod Nno wha n w.o o d 486 tI ground. learnee sth d Editor asserts that "Even at Preston, now so surrounded by coal mines, wood was used as fuel for the salt- pans"; as coal was certainly dug, how can we prove that it was not used for the pans ? In the reign of William the Lion, Lady Emma St Hylary of Blackness grants the tithes of the coal-mine of Carriden to the Abbey of Holyrood. Ziber citatus, N. 41. In England there are evidences that coal was in some places used by the Romans, and even by the Britons. It is recorded in the Saxon Chronicle of the Abbey of Peterborough that "about this time (A.D. 852) the Abbot Ceolred let to hand the laud of Sempringham to "Wulfred, who was to send each year to the monastery 60 loads of wood, 12 loads of coal, and 6 loads of peat." It does not seem beyond doubt that graefan, the Anglo-Saxon word used, mean t somsno coal ed othean , r kin f fuelo n d125I . 9 •Henry III. granted a charter to the town of Newcastle, in which he gave the freemen a licenc coalsg e yeadi Th ro e.t befor s deathhi e , Edwar . issueI d da proclamatio n forbiddincoalf o d authorisin e an , us e gth e destructio gth furnacee th f nkilno d an s s of those who persisted in using this fuel. See The Coal-Fields of Great Britain, by Edward Hull, London, 1873, pp. 21-26. SCOTTIS QUENCYE HD FAWSIDF O S E AND LEUCHAES1 28 .

grant f Robero s d Sey an e Quencyt d r , witnesse Joceliny db , Bishof po Glasgow; Ern, Abbo f Melroseo t ; Richar e Morewylld , Constablf o e Scotland ; and Walter Olifard, at Haddington. The canons of the church of Holyrood considered that their vested right beed sha n infringe thesy b d e e grantmonkth o f K"ewbottlet so s , which led to a lengthened dispute between these two religious corpora- tions. In charters published in the muniments of Holyrood,1 both Robert and Seyr de Quency confirmed to the canons the possession of e churcth t Tranenta h , wit s belongingsit h , originally grantee th n i d day f Malcolo s m IV. d Sey e an Quenc;d r y proclaimed e Royath n i l, Court held at Forfar, the grant in perpetuity of a carrucate and ten acres of land (unam carrucatam terre et decem acras, probably about 90 acres in all), in the estate of Tranent near Fawside, and also some lands at Nodrif (Longniddry), to maintain the chapel there which his father Rober d bestowedha t o thiT s. charter King Williae th s mwa first witness t appearI . s tha cessioe e carrucatth th t f o n f lans o e dwa n exchangi r wha e fo canone th td los t Prestona ha st e disputeTh . s about the tithes between the canons of Holyrood and the monks of iNewbottl eo arbitratiot wer t e nintpu eth n he i nreig th yeaf f o no r Alexande . II rHencefort e titheth h f Prestono s Wigtrie , th eas f o t g burn, were pai o Holyroodt e dsam th en I collection. , there ar e t charterTranen a e canonsy th ha o st t d grantin, an m tithee gco th f so and also the right of getting coin ground at the 's mill. The last of these charters by Roger de Quency, Earl of Winchester and Constable of Scotland, is dated 1250. Seyr,2 Sayer, Saher, or Saer de Qnency, the son of Robert first, comes into notic Englisn ei h histor s witnesya a concord o t s 3 drawn between Henry II. and Ms unruly sons, Henry, Richard, and Geoffrey. This agreemen mads t wa tFalaise a n 1174i e , abou e samth t e th tim s a e 1 Liter Cartamm Sancte Crucis Edwinsburg,e d Bannatyne Club, Edinburgh, 1840, . 79 d an , 38 , 37 , 36 . N name 2Th e Seier, hereditar Quence d e th y n yfamilyi , indicates their Scandinavian origin contemporarA . y Kin Denmarf go k bor eth f Waldema eo r Seier; that is, the Victorious. The name is still borne by persons in Denmark and iu Norway. It is also found in combinations, e.g., Seierstad, Seierstedt. Kymer's Fixdcra, . 3tom7pp an, . ei d 40 3 282 . PROCEEDING'S OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 9, isgs.

dishonourable treaty in which the independence of Scotland was given e ransoath s f Williamo e Lionmth . Wha e younth t e Queucd g s wa y doing at the Court of the .Plantagenet is not clear. He may have been callelefe b t o dt as' a hostag s grandfatherf hi o r e fo on s , wa Ness o wh , the Scottish chiefs who were taken at Aluwick with King William, or voluntarily share s captivitydhi . e yeath r n I 1200, Sey e Quencd e bearer a th safe-conduc f s i o yr t from King John to William to visit and return from the English Court.1 e fourtth n hI yea John'f o r s reign , e obtaine1203h , d froe Kinmth ga grant of the towns of Chenuaye and Sydenham, .and Was made governor of the Castle of Kuil, which, in 1205, he gave up to the King of France with little resistance.2 Seyr de Quency, who must have succeeded his father, Robert, before 1199, held baronial court t Leucharssa . s charterSomhi f dateeo e ar s d from tha a disputt placen i d e an ; wit f Hainelinho Duncann so e , th , about the lands of Duglin, in the Ochills, he brought Duncan to acknowledg ea releas s claim s courhi hi t f Leucharsa n o tei s plenan i , curia mea apud Loclires? Seyr de Quency married Margaret, the-second daughter of Robert de Beaumont, the third Earl of Leicester. The eldest daughter, Amicia marries wa ,a Norma o dt n lord, Simo e Montfortd n r sonhe ; , also named Simon, was the leader of the Crusade against the Albigeuses, and quenche bloon di firse dth t religious reformation e fourtTh h. Earl of Leicester died childles e n 1204honoui sth d s sister,ran hi felo t ,l Amicia; her husband and son being dead, the English title and a moiety e estate.oth f , finally devolved upo r grandsonhe n e fiftth , h Simoe d n .Montfort e famouth , s leadee Baronsth n i r ' War. Throug s wifhhi s a e co-heiress, Seyr de Quency got the manor and barony of Groby and other estate Leicestershire.n si n 1212I 4 obtainee h , speciada l discharge

-1 Ib., p. 121.

Dugdale'2 s Baronage of England, tome i. p. 636. s Gazetteer of Scotland, edited by Marius Wilson, vol. ii. p. 327, art. Lenchars. See The Description of Leicestershire, containing Matters of Antiquity and

.History,4 . etc.., by William Burton, Esq., London, 1622, p. 122. In Eoger Wendover's Flowers f e Historytolo ar de thaw n 117i t 4 the e Earth f lo s of Leicester surrendered to Henry II. the .Castles of Grobi and Mountsorel that he SCOTTIS QUENCYE HD F FAWSIDO S LEUCHARSD AN E . 283

fro scutage mth f Scotlaneo d then require e same.th r dfo 1 "Wtolde ear j "e i Histornth f Winchester,o y " 2 " Sae Quencye d r , lor f Grobyo d n i , Leicestershire, was made the first Earl of Winchester, by King John, A.D. 1215, and had a salary granted him by patent, issuing out of the fines levied in this country." The date here is clearly wrong, as in the second e chartemonkth f o jSTewbottlet o sr , which must have been written before 1199, Seyr de Quency styles himself Comes Wintonie, and is so named in a letter of King John in 1212.8 It does not appear that any manor in Hampshire was attached, and the new Earl could have no jurisdiction in the city from which he took his title. Win- cheste t thaa r t time wa importantn a s , place, possessin gspeciaa l charter, in which it is expressly stated that the fines went to the mayor and •burgesses n 121I . 2 Sey e Quencyd r , Ear f Winchestero l , along with the Lord Chancellor and two others, goes as ambassador from King John Otho t o IV. e Emperoth , f .o r 4e thir th n .o Othfso s d wa o Henr e Lioy th f Brunswick no Matthildad an , e Englise sisteth th , f o r h King. This embassy led to prolonged negotiations.5 The German , with the of Flanders and the Count of Boulogne, was induce invado dt e Pranc helo t e p Joh o recovet n s loshi rt possessions. e t rouendeI f th Bouvines.o t n di 6 Seyr appear s envoa s n otheo y r

might show gre.iter consideration to their master, who had taken part with •Henry, and in 1176 the Castle ofGrobi was razed to the ground ; only a mound now remain maro st e sitekth . • l Dngdale, tome i. p. 687. • The History and Antiquities of Winchester, Winton, 1773, vol. ii. p. 66. . 3Rymer's Faidera, tome i. p. 156. All the English authorities whom I have consulte thay dsa t Sey Quence d r mads ywa e Ear f Winchesteo l Kiny b r g Joht bu n; date assigcharteie e th f ew th o nt r preserved amongs e munimentth t f Newbottlo s e be correct muse h , t either have receive e titldth e from Richar e Lionhearteddth o wh , Cte dieth h n Aprido l 1199 r froo , m John withi e firsnth t fortnigh s reignhi f o .t Thoug s namhi h s repeatedli e y mentione e documentth n i d s in Rymer's Faidera, I cannot find that Seyr de Quency is styled Earl of Winchester before 1212. Burton. (op. tit., p. 37) states tha bore h t e tha teighte titlth n ei h yea John,.1207f ro . Dugdale writes (Baronage of England, tom . 687 p e titl. ei )th f Ear thaeo d f 121o n li tha e 1h Winchester, but not before, for ought I have seen. : 4 Fcedera, 5 See Otto der Vieite, der Welfe-Ein Lebensliild vny, Gustav Langcrfeldl, Hannover, 1.872, p. 176. . . _ "It,., pp, 156-159, 161. 284 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 9, 1898.

important missions. In 1209 a convention was made between John and William, by which the English King engaged to provide suitable Scottiso tw matchee hth princesser fo s d Williams an ; , their father, promised to pay 15,000 marks, in security for which payment he gave two hostages. In 1213, King John , writeEar S. Winchester,f o lo t s 1 enjoining him to send to him, John, at Portsmouth, the hostages of the Kin f Scotlandgo keepings hi n i , d who, ha namely e mh , his Quency'se ,d , son, Reginald, and the son of William de Vipont. This demand to give e hostageth p s madu wa s e soon aftee submissioth r f Kino n g John o Popt e Innocent, whico t 2 e Ear th f hWinchesteo l a witness s wa r . John may have taken the hostages out of the Earl's keeping, because he begud ha suspeco f disaffectionnt o m hi tname Th f Seyeo . Quence d r y is conspicuous amongst the who took part against John in 1215,3 and obliged him to sign the Great Charter. Seyr, Earl of Winchester, e especiall ar ans son, hi d R. , y named amongst those excommunicated in 121 Pop6y b e Innocent o wishewh , o assist d s unworthhi t y , King John o regait , s tyrannicanhi l powere samTh e . energetic. Pope d alreadha y issued four bulls4 against Sey e Quencyd r o claimewh , d e patronagth e churcth f f o Leucharo eh e Symon favoui son f o nr de Quency against the canons of St Andrews. In this dispute de e KinQuenc th e f ScotlanPrio o s gth d sid hi t ha rye n bu ;o d protested that he had been overawed by the threats of the King, and that the decision was illegal and injurious to the Church. The Pope appointed commissioners to investigate and decide according to the canon. Provoked by the cruelties which John with his foreign mercenaries perpetrated upon all who fell into his power, the barons in 1216 sent Seyr e Ear th f ,Winchester o l d Roberan , t Fitzwalte o Francet r , with letters confirmed by the seals of all the barons, imploring Philip Augustus to send his son to reign over them.5 The Earl of Winchester was one 1 Ib., p. 174. ^Fcedcra, tome i. p. 177. • Roge f Wendover'o r s Flowers of History, Bonn's edition . 305, pp vol ,. ii .354 , an 3d 396. 4 The bulls are dated 1206, 1207, and 1208. See Liber Cartarum Prioratus Sancti Andree, . 350pp , 352. 3 Hatthad Parisiensis Chronica Majora., London, 1874, vol. ii. p. 648. SCOTTIS QUENCYE D H F FAWSIDO S LEUCHAESD EAN 5 28 .

of thoscontinueo ewh supporo dt cause th t f Princeo e Louis, even after the death of King John. When the Castle of Mountsorel in Leicester- shire was besieged by the adherents of the young King Henry III., the garrison sent for aid to Seyr de Quency, who was at that time in London e EarTh l .collecte x hundre n si arma d f o y d knightsd an , above twenty thousand soldiers d raise an e siege, th d . They then marched to Lincoln and besieged the castle; when the Regent, Earl Marshall, approache o relievt e Eard th f Wincheste o , l eit r advisee th d Count du Perche Frence th , h meeo commandert t t ou him e o g Th .o t , Count preferre o await d s attacka battl e hi s foughtd th wa ean ,n i t streets of Lincoln on the 19th May 1217. The adherents of the French party were totally defeated e Counth , u Perohd t s killedwa e , and Seyr de Quency with other commanders and three hundred were made prisoners treate n termI th .whicy f yb so h Louis renounced his claim to the English , the Earl of Winchester was set free, without ransom, along wit othee hth r prisoners engage e Civith n ldi War. e followinsprine th th f n go I g yea e Ears employedth r wa l , along with other noblemen arranginn i , a gtreat y with Llewellen, Princ f Norto e h Wales.1 Whether to make atonement for the papal excommunication which he had borne for nearly two years, or carried away by the spirit of the e timecrusadeth r , fo Sey ,e t Quenc d alonrou t gyse with Ralph, Earl of Chester, the Earl of Arundel, and other English nobles, who were followed by large retinues (cum sequela multa)? They landed in 1218 at the mouth of the Nile to assist at the siege of Damietta. The expeditio s disastrousnwa struggle th , e laste r eighteefo d n monthsd an , many of the Crusaders perished from the sword of the enemy and from plague th othed ean r sicknesses. Amongst them died Sey e Quencyd r , aged at least sixty-five years. It appears that he had taken with him his so fifte n th Eoberth n i yea r f Henro rfo , y III. e elde,th r brother being Hole th yn i Land, Roge Quence d r father'livers d hi yha f yo s lands.n O 3 s returnhi date th ,f whic eo h seems uncertain, Rober Quence d t y claimed

Eymer's Fxdera, . 225tompp ,. ei 226 .

21 Roger f Wendover,o ut cit., . 411 p vol . ii .. 8 Dugdale, tom . 687p . ei . .286 • PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 9, 1898.

earldom"e th tlid ean ; caus argues ewa d befor Kine th e t Winchester.ga * -" After a full hearing of the cause, the king gave judgment against Robert; observing tha Eoge as t beehad rn peacefully'invested withthe title sword an , n into that office considerabla , and dha evoica tim d eeha Parliamenn i othed tan r national assemblies t woul,i unjuse db degrado t t e him t thabu ; t upo s deceasenhi , Robert casn i , e survivedeh f noti r o , , s issuehi , should ever afte vestee b r d with that dignity." The Scottish records make no mention of this elder brother. Roger de Quency succeeded to the Scottish estates. He married Helen, the daughte f Alano r e Lorth ,f Gallowaydo , Constabl f Scotlandeo . This daughtea s s firshi wa t y wifeb r • .Ala n marrie s seconhi r dfo wife, 'at 2091 n ,i , Margaret, eldest daughter 'of David, Ear f Hnntingtonlo , brother of William, King of Scots. By this lady he had two daughters— Dervorguil, who married John Baliol, Lord of , the ancestor of John Baliol, afterwards King of Scotland. It was this lady who built Sweetheart Abbey e otheTh .r daughter, Christian, became e wif th f WilliaEare o e th f AJbemarle o lf s Portso m de n so , . At this time Galloway was but loosely connected to the . Its Gaelic population clung to their own customs, and resiste e introductio dth t e i adde th r laws w n timo wa I t d ne f . eo f no Scottish army band f wilo s d marauders whose ferocity excitee th d horro f theio r r southern neighbours. Alan die n 1234 i de lef h ts A . no legitimate son, the natives of Galloway requested King Alexander to assume the lordship to himself.2 Not wishing to deprive Alan's three daughter f theio s r inheritance e Kinth , g rejected this request. They next asked that Thomas e bastarth , n ofso 'd Alan , mighe b t appointed their lord, and thin ,o s also being denied, they brok t inteou o open rebellio d callednan l auxiliarieil s from e IslIrelanf th o e d an d Man.

1 History and Antiquities of Winchester, vol. ii. p. 75. .The author of the History of Winchester has again confused his dates, if he means that this claim was heard at the Parliament of 1268, i.e., thirty-nine years after the death -of the first Earl, and four years after the death of Roger de Quency. The name of Eobei-t Quenoe d y listoccure th . of.baronn i s s summoned by Henrh Jun8t eye th III. n o , 1242 servo t , e agains e Kinth t Francef go . Rymer's Fcedera, tom. 405p . ei . Hailes' Annals of Scotland, vol. i. p. 182.. 2 SCOTTIS E QUENCYHD F FAWSlDO S LETJCHAKSD AN E7 28 .

After much fighting the Galvvegians were defeated; many fell in battle, others were put to death. Those who submitted were deprived of their possessions (1236). T.homa s takeswa n prisone d confineran d in Edinburgh Castl twentr efo y yearse estat s divideTh .ewa d betwixt, three th e daughters. Roge e Quency d re husban th e eldes th s a ,f o dt daughter, became Constable of Scotland.1 tolde ar e 2 W tha n 124i t 7 Koge Quencyo d r ,s estatbeinhi n n i ei g Galloway, which he held through his wife the daughter of Alan, treated some men of good birth in that country with unusual tyranny. "While unprepare s beleaguere a siege wa r e fo ds h castl, hi n dei 3 b suddeya n rising threatened an , d wit ignominioun ha s deathEarle Th , . preferring to die fighting than to perish through hunger, armed at all points, mounted a swift horse, and with a few who had the courage to follow him, throwing opee castle e gatewitth y th e n f e clovwa hth o sh , s hi e sword through the host of the besiegers. Having thus escaped, he rode away to make his complaint to the King of Scotland (Alexander II.), who punishe e rebels th dd reinstatean , s possessions e hi Ear th dn i l . e followinth n I g year Eogee Parliamenth e Quenc d n ri t sa yt held at London. n 125I 7 Roge e Quencd r s sen o Scotlant wa yt y Henrb d y III., along with the Archbishop of York, the , and other personages, to try to restore concord between the King and his magnates.4 At that time Alexander III. was no older than sixteen, though already marrie o Margarett d , daughte e Englisth f o r h King. He was kept a.prisoner in the hands of the powerful nobles of the

1 Matthaei Paris, Historia Major, London, 1640 . 430,p . 2 Ibid., . 741p . 3 I have had the benefit of the opinions of Sir Herbert E. Maxwell and Mr George localite th Keilso o f t thio y s sa n castle, t whicnameno s i hd "by Matthew Paris. Both these learned antiquaries are inclined to think that it was Cruggleton, which stands on a height overlooking the estuary of the Cree. Sir Andrew Aguew, in his History of the Hereditary Sheriff's of Galloway, tells us that this fortress was in the possession of Alexander Cumin, , who was one of the heirs of Roger de mentione Quench t bu ye ; Kerlie sth Lord san d Fonliprevioue th s sa s proprietors. Its situation by the sea would render a blockade difficult. Might it not have been, Wigtown Castle ?

Rymer's Fadcra, tome i: p. 637. 4 288 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 9, 1898.

Cumin name.1 Nex s agreet yea wa regenc w o havt t di r ne ea f te yo n persons. Ther othee ear r indications that Eoge Quence d r presens ywa t e Englisth t a h Court d helpean , o promott d e friendship betweee th n two countries. After the death of Helen of Galloway, he married Maud, daughter of Humfrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, widow of Anselni Mareshall, Earl of Pembroke; she dying (1252) while still young, he took for his third wife, Eleanor, daughter of William de Eerrers, Ear f Derbyo l widod an , f Williawo Vauxe md . n 125I 8 Roge e Quencd r s summonewa y o attent d e kinth t da g Chester, to serve against the Welsh. He was one of the peers who, in e Popa letteth n 1242i eo t r , complaine e exactionth f o d f Henro s y III. ; but what part he took in the hostilities between his cousin Simon Montfore d Kind an t g Henr t know. Englise no Mos me th s y i o f nt o t h barons who had estates in Scotland took the King's side. Perhaps bad health kept Roge e Queuod r y inactive e 28t th e die hH n o d.Apri l 1264, more tha yeana r before Simo Montforfe nd c ende s ambitiouM d s careee battlth t f Eveshama ero . In the scanty chronicles of our early history we see the first of the de Quencys appearing as a soldier of fortune, rising by the favoxir of Kinge th gainind an , heiressn hane a e gseconlinee th f dth o Th ,f . o d the son of a Norman father and a Gaelic mother, marries the daughter ogreaa f t English nobleman s madi , e Ear f Winchestero l s employei , d by John on important embassies, takes part with the barons against Kine th o obtaigt r Englanfo n e Magnth d a Charta d goe s theian ,a s r envo Eranco yt offeo ecrowt e th r f Englanno f Philio n Louiso dt pso e ,th Augustus. Se} prominena s ri r t figure amongs e barone civith th t ln i s reige warth f Henrf no o s y III. died Egyp,n an s i t amongs Crusaderse th t . What we learn of the third do Quency does not entirely prepossess us in his favour. At any rate, he increases the power and estates of his family by a marriage with the daughter of a great Gaelic chieftain, and becomes High Constable of Scotland. Though history has left no record of the distinctive character of these three , we may infer that they were gifted with courag d abilityan e o makt , e themselves valued as leaders of men, as well as with prudence and tact, to insinuate 1 Hailes' Annals, vol. i. p. 205. SCOTTIS E QUENCYHD F FAWSIDO S LEUCHARSD AN E9 28 .

themselves into the favour of and the grace of , till they rose to the highest position amongst the nobility of Scotland and of England. Indeed, there was no family before the Union of the two kingdoms which attained such distinction and rank in both countries at once. But what had been in great part gathered by three marriages of heiresse e samth loss en i tswa way . Though thrice married, Rogee d r Quency lefo mal n s tgrea hi e heirtd estatean , e dividesb felo t l d amongst the three daughters by his first wife, Helen of Galloway. The eldest of these three ladies, Margaret,1 was married to William de Ferrariis, or de Ferrers, son of the Earl of Derby; and as her father, Roge Quencye d r s thir taked hi r ha d, nfo wif e daughteth e f Williao r m de Ferrer a forme y b s r wife, thes Earlo tw e s stoo father-in-las da wo t each other. After the death of the Earl of Winchester, his Countess followe s exampledhi madd an , thirea d marriag Rogeo et Leyhournee rd . Margare Ferrere d t s being lef widowa t , he r fortunr he fac r o e e tempted Sir William Douglas. In 1290 he seized upon the lady, who had gone o Tranent o clait r td omhe wry-o e landth f s thereabout. r thisFo ,2 William Douglas got into trouble with Edward I., who had occupied the southern counties; but in consideration of a fine of £100, Douglas was allowed the benefit of the marriage. This nobleman, the father of the good Lord James by his first wife, died a prisoner in York Castle 1302n i . Elizabeth e seconth , d daughte f Rogeo r e Quencyd r , became wif o Alexandet e r Cumin, Ear f Buchano l r righo ihe u wh t, became Constabl f Scotlandeo thire Th d. daughter, Elas marriewa , o Alat d n la Zouche, Lord of Ashby, Governor of the . The grea Quencye d t e estateth sf o wers e share thesy b d e three noblemen. Alan la Zouche claimed lands in England—some say, in right of his wife—whic contestes hwa Johny db , Earl Warenne (1268). Discerning

1 Dugdale, tom. 688p . e,i say anothed s ha tha e h tr daughter, Isabell, thougy b h which of the last two wives he cannot say. It must have been by the third wife. Matthew Paris tell thas sseconu e th t d Countess children0 11 gavo m hi ewh , dien do e 13tth h Novembe s interrer wa 1252 d t Brackeleda an , , where anothee r wifth f o e same Earl was also buried, on which account Roger de Quency chose to lie there.— Op. tit., . 854pp , 855. 2 See History of (he Lands and their Owners in Galloway, by P. H. M'Kerlio, Edinburgh, 1868. vol. iii . 121.p . T VOL. XXXII. 290 ' PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MAY 9, 1898.

tha e mush t t e submilaw th e Earl th o ,t t , haying first passionately vented himsel n foui f l language, assaulte r Ala Si dEogen nso ans rdhi n Westminstei r Hal o violentls l y tha e almosd h t an e t on kille e th d much wounded the other.1 Havin s Castlhi g e fleh f o don t o , de so e Keigate, where he was pursued by Prince Edward, who compelled him imploro t e merc submid yan heava o t t y fine e .sam th This e Earwa s l Warenne who, in the sixth of King Edward's reign, being asked by what warrant he held his lands, showed the justices an old sword, saying: " Behold, my lords, here is my warranty. My ancestors coming into this land with Willia e Bastardmth d obtaidi , n their lands resolvem a wite swordI th h d d an wit , e sworth h defeno t d d them." e samth Thies Earswa l who x hundresi , d years agodefeates wa , y b d Wallace at the battle of Stirling, and rode to Berwick so fast. Alexander Cumin died about 1288. He was succeeded by his son John thuo ,wh s became third Ear f Buchao l Constabld nan f Scotlandeo . s alsowa Sherife sharee H th f f Wigtownf o o sfo curatos o wa tw f d o r an , the estate in Galloway left by Eoger de Quency.2 A district in Galloway e parisheth n i f Carsphairnso , Minnigaff Dairyd an , , still bear name th s e e Buchath of n Forest.3 This Ear f Buchao l s infeoffewa n d e ith n manor of Wightwiche, in Leicestershire, and sat in the Parliament at Brigham in 1290, and in July of the same year swore fealty to Edward I. at Norham. He served the English King against Erance. In the summe f 130o r fine e e seveEar3w th th df Bucha o lf n o Scottise non h Commissioners in Paris who sought the help of Philippe le Bel against the English King. Their letter to John Cumin of Badenoch, the Guardian of Scotland, is still preserved.4 About a year after, Buchan

Dtigdale's Baronage, tome i. pp. 78 and 6SS.

Exchequere Th -1 Soils . of 39 Scotland, d an 2 2 . volpp . .i This fores n ancieni t t time s verwa sy extensive t includeI . greaa d t deaf o l 3 lan e n Carriccontiguoui dth d kan s parishe f Carsphairno s , Minnigaff d Dairyan , . t eas laude broketracno o w yth t s l i no , eintal t p I nu o farms, belongin differeno gt t properties, but the names of several on the Oaigengillan estate, parish of Carsphairn, are traced and noticed there. Those in this parish, however, alone retaie th n distinctive name.— HistorLande d theirth f an o y Owners n Galloway,i . pp vol . iv . 465, 466, by P. H. M'Kerlie, 1878, Edinburgh.

Rymer'e Se s Fcedera, . tom929p . eii , 4 SCOTTISH DE QUENCYS OF FAWSIDE AND LEUCHARS. 291

seems to have submitted to Edward. He married Isabel, the sister of the Earl of Fife, the high-spirited lady who installed Robert Bruce on the throne at Scone in lieu of her brother, who at that time took the Englise th sid f eo s htake usurper wa n 1306i ne Sh d imprisone.,an d in a cage on a turret of , by " the greatest of the Plantagenets, Englise th s "a h historiographer f to-dao s y deligh o calt t l Edward I. In this cage she was kept for four years, till she was remove a milde o dt r imprisonmen e monasterth n i t f Mounyo t Carmel, in Berwick, where she remained until the 28tli of April 1313,1 when. Edwar . issuedII d a ne Governoordeth o t r f Berwico r k that Isabella, who was wife to John, late Earl of Buchan, should be delivered to Henry de Beaumont, or his attorney, " to be by him kept in such custod more ar s ey a full y enjoine us.y b d " What these, orders wers i e not known; but, as this Henry de Beaumont had married Alice, the daughter of Alexander, the brother of the Earl of Buchan, and by her inherite Englise dth h possession e Buchath f so hopee nb familyy d ma t i , that thi sa mitigation ordes wa r , perhaps virtuall a yreleas e from imprisonment. It is noteworthy that this lady remained in durance at Berwick during the life of her husband, John, Earl of Buchan. Moreover, the Scottish Kins makinwa g s presenchi g e feln Northumberlandi t d an , had nearly surprised Berwick, which he took about two years after, so that Edwar . founII d t i prudend o removt t s prisonershi e e wifeth , , sister, and daughter of the Bruce, to quarters farther south. Notwith- standing the vile treatment of his wife, Buchan kept on the English side, and twice led a body of his Scottish and English soldiers against King Robert, who gave him a severe defeat at Inverurie, 22nd May 1308 d harrie,an s landhi d thao s se judge h t t prudendi seeo t t k refug n Englandi e n 131I . e infeoffe2h s brothehi d r Willias hi n mi English estates, and died shortly after. The conquering Bruce swept the land of the heirs of the de Quencys. Amongst the grants of their estates we find lands in Dumfries, Bellachys

1 See Tytler's , 1841, vol. i. p. 213, and note to Harbour's Bruce, edite y Jamiesonb d , Glasgow, 1869 . 438,p . Eyraer's Foxtera, tome iii. p. 401. . PEOCEEDING2 29 E SOCIETY , 18989 TH Y F O .SMA ,

in Fife, Elphingstone, and the commonalty of Tranent and Mylyis,1 all forfeited by the Earl of Buchan; also the estates of Alan la Zouche,2 comprisin e landgth f Fawsideo s e tenementh n i , f Traneno t t (Traver- nent), along with the lands of the husbandmen in the tenement and villag f Longniddryo e , with the coal-pit d serfan s s (cum carbonariist e nativis hominibus), on condition of the half-fee or scutage of one knight; alsbarone oth f Tranentyo , forfeite "Williay b d m Ferraris. These exten- sive possessions fell into the hands of a house much better known in Scottish history.3

Secher de Sayt also a Norman, had come to Scotland in the days of David I., and had obtained an estate in Haddington. "We have seen the name of Alexander de Seton as witness to a charter of Seyr de Quency. A member of this family, Sir Chrystal Seton, married Lady Christina Bruce, third daughte e Ear th f Carrick o f l o r d sistean ,f o r Eobert the Bruco. He rescued the King at Methven, when he was unhorsed. Sir Chrystal was taken prisoner at Loch Doon Castle, and was hanged by the English near Dumfries. Bruce erected a chapel on memore spos e th brother-in-law hi th o t tf yo d enrichean , e Setonth d s wit e forfeitehth Qaencyse d d e landth f so . Their estate Fifn i s e were granted to the Lady Christina Bruce. It seems that Alexander Seton, who came inte possessioth o e estateth f n Easo ni s t Lothiana s wa , brother of Sir Chrystal. He was a brave soldier, who did and suffered much for his country. The head of the house of Seton took the title of Earl f Wintoso n fro ma villag n Easi e t Lothian. e namTh 4e had, no doubt, been transplanted from Winto r Winchesteo n n Englandi r . Edwar . gav II de titl th f eEar o e Winchestef o l s favouritehi o t r e th , elder of the Spencers, who was taken and hanged by the Queen Isabella andiscontentee dth d barons. There were other de Quencys in Scotland. A charter of Kobert,

1 There is still a farm of that name, Myles, near Tranent. grandsoe 2th Thiafore-mentionee s th swa f no d Alan. Dugdale . 691p . i , . "Wood'e 3Se s Peerage of Scotland, Edinburgh 640d an .,3 181326 . pp , 4 "Woods Peerage,hi n i , tell s thasu t Alexande f Sechero n s e Setonso d rwa , e th , proprietor of Winton and Winchburgh. Near "VVinchburgh is Niddry Castle, an old of the Setons. What is the meaning of this reproduction of names in Liu- lithgow ? SCOTTISH DE QUENCYS OF FAWSIDE AND LEUCHAES. 293

the first holder of Fawside, is attested by his brother (Sabero fratre meo); shoule w ! d read Sahero e Latith , n for f Seyrmo famila , y name. Then we have Symon de Quency of Leuehars, perhaps the same as Symon, chaplai e Kingth o t n, attestin e firse granth th gt f o Eart f o l Winchester already e namquotedth f Joh o e d e Quencd an n, a o t y charte reige datee th , thesAlexandef th n o n s go i rs A e migh . II re b t father, son grandsod ,an relatea f no t les dbu s fortunate branch. After Robert the Bruce, we hear no more of the name in Scotland. None of e Englisth Quincye d h s seeme havo dt e gained ran n aftei k r dayst bu ; ther Ds r ewa Quincy , eminen professioe th n i t f medicineno , besidee sth well-known author, Thoma Quinceye sd . Ther stile ear l representatives e namoth f Francen ei . Simo e Quingd nwell-knowa s ywa n character e Courth f Charlet o a t e Bol th sf Burgundy o d s o whot wa , e mh successively page, cup-bearer, and ambassador.2 Ther mucs ei h informatio n Dugdalni e abou e Englisth t h estatef o s the heirs of the de Quencys. As we have seen, the manor of Wight- wicke wen marriagy b t e -wit daughtee hth Williaf o r m Cumi Henro nt y de Beaumont, who was employed by Edward II. in the defence of the English Borders s governo n 131I wa e . 0 f h Roxburg o r h Castled an , was ordered to exchange Mary de Bruce for Walter Cumin, a prisoner in hande Scots.e th th Henro f T so 3Beaumon e yd grantes wa t e titlth de e Englisth y b hon f KingKinMa f go . This island, aftee battlth r f o e Largs, had yielded to a Scottish expedition commanded by the Earl of Buchan.4 It was subdued by Bruce in 1213. Henry de Beaumont was at Bannockburn, and in 1317 this Baron and his brother Lewis, Bishop of Durham, accompanied two Cardinals, nuncios from the Pope, with letters to Robert the Bruce.5 They were seized and rifled by the 1 See Charters of Holy rood, ut cit., p. 30, N. 36, and p. 215. See Memoirs of Philip de Gamines, Book i. chap, iv., and Book iii. chap. ix.

Eymer'2 s Fcedera, tome iii. p. 204. The Lady Mary Bruce, sister of the King,

wa8 s married to Sir Nlel Campbell, an early and faithful adherent of King Robert. See Barbour's £nt,ce, note . 432p , . Edwar . I showed s characteristihi d c solicitude abou treatmene th t thif o t s lady— mesnin "E manera el e ordone e Marieq t es z, suer a Robert de Brus, jadis Conte de Garrik, soit envee a Rokesburgh, por garder illuequos en Chastel unn e ,o Kage."—Rymer's Fosderu, . tom2014p . eii .

4 The Exchequer Bolls of Scotland, 1878, vol. i. p. Ixv. Tytler'5 s History of Scotland, vol. i. p. 298. Rymer's Fcedera, tome iii. p. 663. 4 29 PEOCEEDING E SOCIETY , 18989 TH Y F .O SMA ,

lawless English borderers. The Cardinals were suffered to go on to Scotland strippe f theido rBisho e fineryth Henrd t pan bu , Beaumone yd t were hel n Mitfori d d Castle till ransomed. Several years afterwards Henry de Beaumont was asked in Council his opinion about a proposed truce with Kin s refusingghi Eobertn a disrespectfuo n i d , an , l manner, to give advice, he was imprisoned by order of the King (1323).1 He was soon afterwards released, and seems to have regained the royal o yeartw favoursfine m afterwardplenipotentiariee w dhi r th f fo , o e on s s to treat of peace with France, and he also gained the benefit of the wardship of David de Strabolgi or Hastings, son of the Earl of Athol, puo deatt t y Edwarb h . I d This Davi marriee dh s daughter hi o dt , Catherine Beaumont. Deserting his royal master he sided with Queen instrumentas Isabellawa d an , deliverinn i l e unhappth p gu y monarco ht his enemies upon the failure of his attempt to fly beyond sea. Among those activ n thii e s arres e fine namw th td f a EudZouchel o e e d o , grandso rewara f Alan ns o A r thid.fo s transaction Lord Beaumont go t manoe grana th f f Loughborougho to r e possession, parth f o t f Hugo s h le Despencer, attainted. With the disinherited lords he accompanied Edward Baliol to Scotland in 1332, and contributed much to the victory of Duplin. During that disturbe t dbac timgo k e e formeeh som th f eo r estatee Cuminsth f so s wife'hi , s inheritance styled an , d himself Earf o l Buchan. David, Ear f Atholo l , taking part wit Balioe hth l factiond an , besieging Kildrunimy Castle, was defeated and slain, along with "Walter Cuminr AndreSi y b , w Mora t Kilblaiya n "Wood. Buchanan tells u s that Henry de Beaumont, to avenge the death of his son-in-law, seized and put cruelly to death all he -could find who had been engaged in this battle. Andrew Moray therefore besieged him in the Castle of Dundarg, and compelled him to surrender, on condition that he might return safely Englando t e hadH ,. howeverransom a o sweart y d pa o an ,t ,tha e h t would never come enemn baca s ka o Scotlany t d (1334) e dieH n i d. 1340, leavinn Johnso a g, Lord Beaumont, ancesto r GeorgSi f o re Beaumon f Stoughtoo t n Grange e countth n f Leicesteri ,yo barone Th . y of Beaumont fell into abeyanc unsuccessfulls n 1507ei wa t I . y claimed in 1798 by Thomas Stapleton of Carlton.2 Rymer's Fcedera, tome iii. p. 1021. '

21 Hailes' Annals, vol. ii. p. 213. Dugdale, tome ii. p. 50, and tome i. p. 690.