DOCUMENY RESUME CG 016 510 White House Conference on Aging

DOCUMENY RESUME

ED 227 382 CG 016 510

TITLE White House Conference on Aging (Washington, D.C., November 30-December 3, 1981). Final Report. VOlume, 2: Process Proceedings. INSTfTUTION Whitellouse Conference on Aging, Washington, D..C. SPONS AGENCY Department of Health and Human $ervices, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE 81 NOTE 141p.; For related documents, see tD-215257-269 And

CG 016 509-511. - PUB TYPE Collected Works - ConIerence,Proceedings (021) -- Reports - General (140

. EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 PlUs.Postage. DESCRIp7ORS Aging (Individuals); Committees; Conferendes; *Economic Climate; *Federal Legislation; Gerontology; *Governthent Role; History; Human ServiCes; *Older Adults; Quality of Life; Retirement IDENTIFIERS *White House Conference on Aging

ABSTRACT This secopd volume of the final report of the 1981 White House Conference on Aging.presents a historicaloverview of the Conference, tracing its history from its indeption as ajoin' resolution in Congress in 1979 through 'thenationwide preparatory activities, to its culmination with the gathering of delegates and observers in late November of 1981. Previous conferences areoutlined , and the eConomic climate at the time of the 1981Conferenc'e is .described. Enabling legislation and early preparations forthe conferenca are reviewed, and the conference processis described in detail. The texts of welcothing speeches and keynotead-dresses to the Conference delegates are also presented. Reports of the14 Conference' committeesare sumniarized. The appendices present the text ofthe 1981 White House Conference on Aging Act andprovide,lists of the . National Advisory Committee, the state-White House Confekence on ,Aging coordinatOrs, state Wbite House Conferences onAging, the technical committees, the mini-confeiences,_delegates,observers, international observers, official rules of procedure, Conference committee leadership, and the 1981 White House Conference onAging staff. (JAC)

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Volume'2 Process Proceedings

November 30, 1981- Decem ber 3, 1981 .

Officers and Principal Staff

Chairman:Constance C. Armitage ExecutiVe Director:Bevy H. Brake 4 kaffDirector:Jarold A. Kieffer f Conference Spokesperson:Claire Dorrell Director, Office ofSpecial Events:Jean C. Bequast Director, Office of Delegate Services:RichardDavis 9irectaG,Qffice cf Cortference Committee Support: ' Mary S. Harper Director, Office of the Conference Coordinator: L Leslie B. King Director, Office of Operations:Jo Harris Director, Office-of Administrative Services: James R. Wehling Director. Office of Project Development:Ronald J. Wylie Chairman, National Advisory Committee: _Constance C. Arrnitage

Deputy Chairmen, National Advisory Comtnittee: , J. Glenn Beall Anna V. Brown Arthur.Flemming Cornuela L. Garcia. . -- William F. Kieschnick, Jr. Eleanor Storrs

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About the cover:. Joel H. flildebrand, Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at

, the University of California, Berkeley, photographed -at1;is P laboratory in his early nineties. Now 100, Professor Hildebrand continues to be active. Over the course of 39 years; he taught chemistry-to 40,000 students; participated in the 1955 White House Conference on Education; served'as president of the Sierra Club and as manager of the 1.1. S. Olympic Ski Team. He has received numerous awards as a scholar, has beenmarried for 74 . years and is the father of fOur. 4 / . Technical Committees --, 23 CONTENTSMini-Conferences 24 Selection of Delegates 25 Selection of Observers 30 International Participation 30 Background Materials for Delegates aud Observers 0 32 Other Participation 33

Chapter 5 The National Meeting 34 The Conference Program 34 The Business of the Conference 34

Introduction 5 Chapter .6 Major Addresses of the Chapter 1 1981 Conference 38 History of White House Conferences on Aging 7 Address by Constance D. Armitage, Conference Chairmah 38 ) Chapter 2 Address by Richard S. Schweiker, The American Scene at tile Time of Secretary of Health and the 1981 Conference 8 Human Services 38 Address by U.S. Senator Economic Security Issues 8 John Heinz 43 Growth of Medical Programs for Address by U.S. Representative the Elderly 10 Claude Pepper , 47 Social Services and the Growth of the Address by U.S. Senator Aging Network 10 Lawton Chiles 50 New Knowledge and Changed 2 Address by U.S. Representative Attitudes About Aging 10 Matthew J. Rinaldo 54 Other Trends and Issues 11 Address by Vipe President. George Bush 56 Chapter 3 Addresshy President Making It Happen: Ronald Reagan 57 The Legislative and Administrative Address by Docas R. Hardy, History of the 1981 White House Assistant Secretary HDS 61 Conference on Aging 12 Address by Dr. Lennie-Marie P Tolliver; Enabling, Legislation 12 Cominissioner on Aging 65 Eàrly Pfendtaridhi- 12 :The National Advisory Chapter 7 Committee 12 The Final Report 70 Honorary Chairmen and From-- Process to Policy 70 Spvcial Advisors 14 Beyond the National Meeting 70 Organization and Staffing 16' The Operational Plan 16' hapter g Funding ofConference. Summary Reports of the Activities 18 Conference Committees 72

Chapter 4 ,Codunittee 1: Implications for the ,The Conference Process 20 EconOmy of an Aging Population 72 Committee 2: Economic Community Foruing and.Older Well-Being 75 Americans Month Committee 3: Older Americans as a Activities 20 Continuing Resource 76 State Conferences , 96. 22 - 2 )

Committee 4:Promotion and Maintenance of Wellness 77 Committee 5: Health Care and Services 86 'Committeetrepticins for Long-Term Care 83 Committee 7: Family and Community Support Services 85 Committee 8: Housing A Alternatives 86 Committee 9: Conditions for Continuing Community Participation 89 Committee 10: Education and Trainkg Opportunities 92 Cbmmittee 11: Concerns of Older Women 95 Committee 12: Private Sector Roles, Structures, and Opportunities 96 Committee 13: Public Sector Roles and Structures 98 Commitsee 14:Research 103

Appendixes 106

A. 1981 White House Conference on , Aging Act 106 - B. National Advisory Committee _ 107 C. State White House Conference on Aging Coordinators 109 D. State White House Conferences on Aging 110 E. Technical Committees 111 F. Mini-Conferences 116 G:Delegates 119 H.Observers 128 1. International Obsevers 133 _OfficiatRples_o_f krAcedgre. 134 - . K. Conference Cpmmiitees' Leadership - 135 . L. '1981 White House Conference Aging Staff 137 Principal Officials 137 Professional and Support Staff _ 138 10. Experts and Consultants to Technical Committeet 138

References 139

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.k *a. $,,ototlimilii:..joiokis. To and communities. These nationwi THE 1981 WHITEactivities are not mere exercises, they ultimately define the depth and scOpe of the national meeting HOUSEagenda. Indeed, these activities at ihe grass roots serve as incubators of leaidership; many whoena CONFERENCE ONup as delegates or observers at the final national meeting are persons whO participated in related AGING:activities in their own groups and commUnities. All this, in broad outline, describes the processes Historical of the 1981 White House Conference on Aging. Overview This volume traces the history of that Conference in some detail, from its inception as a joint resolution in both Houses of Congress in 1979, to the nationwide preparatory activities, to its culmination over two years later with the gathering Introduction of thousands of delegates and observers to discuss White House Conferences are a phenomenon of theand debate issue 5. and pass resolutions for the 20th Century, and probably nothing quite like Them guidance of government, private institutions, and exists in any other natibn. Since the first White society as a whole. House Conference, held in 1907 on conservation -of natural resources, about 35 have been convened -by either the President or the Congress. Despite gr,owing skepticism on the utility of such conferences in a time of limited resources', there was broad'and strong support for another national conference in 1981 to chart a course for dealing with the problems and challenges posed by the aging of the American population. For, as pointed out by Clark"Tibbits of the Administration on Aging, White House Conferences serve many functions: They seek to change the value system, structure, or functions of public and private institutions in order to meet new problems. r They provide a way for the President arta Congress to give conspieuous public expression or response io new problems. They provide a way for government officials to test public or interest.group reaction to ideas?or new programs. They provide'a mechanism for professionals and interested laymen to explore new areas of convern and to'advocate,specific actions by the President and Congress. . They increase publieawareness of new circumstances or problem& in siviety.. hi short, they are i natural product of a Ai democratiC sOciety. 4 4 Long"before the final deliberative gatheting -of delegates (usually in Washington:D.C.), White House Conferences typically ae preceded by a. large numbtr-of meetings all over the country;.: - sponsored Py organizations, interest, groups, States, tr .. 1

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The..1971 White House Conference on Aging, . covened in late November, was attendaby ap- HISTORYChOte proximately 4,000 delegates, 35 percent of whom were 65 or older, The conference produced a total WHITE HOUSEof 710 recommendations, including Alicy in- t itiatives.dr changes in the following areas: CONFERENCES IncrOsed involvement of the elderly and of

. public, private, and voluntary agencies in ON AGING elevating the role of the elderly in decisionmaking Establishment of an income assigtance prograth to ensure a "comfortable" standard of living fore all older Americans . Unlike most White House Conferences, Nk+ hich have Increased funding of research and traininrpro- occurred only once or twice on a given'subject, grams in the bionyircal, social and behavioral thoseOn aging have occurred roughly every 10, aspects of aging years arld have had, as a major,coniponent the Federal funding to support coordinated corirpre-' fostering of broad public awareness of great social _hensive planning for the elderly at the Federal, issues arising from a demographic revolution: the State,-and local government levels fact that for the first time in 3istory lrge numbers of human beings'are reaching old age, not only- in AdOtion of a Federal p olicy to increase the United States but all dyer the world. transportation services for'rural and ifrban elder- The 1981 Conference Was the fourth nationaP ly.' conference on aging, following conferences in 1950, -- 1961, and 1971,-and like all its iiredecessors it was held in Washingt6n, D.C. These earlier conferences I are briefly 1-eviewed below. The 1950 National Conference on Aging. Though not officially designated a White House Con- , ference, the first national conference on aging was convened in Xugust 1950 by the Federal Security Administration, forerunner of the Department of 'Health, Education, and Welfare. Approximately 800 delegates mpt in Washington for three days. The conference advocated greater national' atten- thin to the problems of the aged poPulation and iupported bredtion of State/agencies and commis- , sions on aging.' The 1961 White House Conferenee. on Aging, held in January of that yearrwas the first such con- -ference.on aging authoriied by law (PubliciLaw 85-908). More than 2,500 delegates, representing 53 States and territories, Made a total of 947 recom- . mendations, many of WhiCh called for public policy action in the following areas: .0 Development of a special,Fedeml.agency to serve , as a national focal point fortilie concerns and needs of the older population A Federal program ft) support health care of the elderly Increased opportunity .for manpower trainMg., volunteerism, and employment of the elderly.' I

Chapter 2vide compassionate care for the elderly in rieed; The 1981 White I-louse Conference on Aging was THE AMERICANheld at a time of great concern about inflation; of increased awareness of limited and diminishing 4- SCENE AT THEnatural resonrcesespecially energy; and a fast- changing American social structure resulting from TIME OF THE 1981urbanization, industrializati rcntrtecreased inotiility: In her luntheon address to tHe 1981 Con- CONFERENCEference participants, Dr. LennieiMarie Tolliver, Commissioner of,the Administration on Aging, pointed to the sharp contrast between current social ,and economic conditions and thpse prevailing during previous White House Conferences on'Aging: Earlier Whitellottse Conferences on Aging were It is important to reiew the 1981 White House, held in periods charasterized by a relatively stable Conference on Aging in its sOcial and historicafr economy; a proportionately.smaller though grow- context.' ing number of older people; and a'rising capatity Between 1900 and 1980 the percentage of the - on the part of the Federal Government to assure

U.S. poklation 65 years and older nearly tripled, the expanding ofjpealth, welfare, housing, and , ati'd the total.nurn,ber.of peOple in that age group . relatednprograms forpeopleOf all ages in need. increased about eight times. It is estimated that by The SOcietaI climate within which the 1981 White the year 2000, persops 65 or older will comprise House Conference on Aging is being held is quite about 32 percent of the-population. The United different. .States, and moit deyeloped nations, wiH have an Several new economic, cultural, and social trends, aging societya societY in which the ratio of youngthat had major impact on the 1981 White House to old continUes to shift to the old, and where a Conference on Aging are discussed.in tfie following large proportion of the population is old. sections. Americans are not only living longer, the vast .majotity of each succeeding cohort of the elderly is Economiel Security Issues healthier and has more income, assets, and educa- During the 1970s, the Federal Government made tion than its predecessors. At the same time the significant..efforts to improve the economic security older population has grown it has become more of the older population. These efforts included e?),': socially and economically diverse, so there is no panded eligibility as well as increased coverage alfd "typical" older person. Negative stereotypes of the.benefits in tile Old Age and Survivors Insurance, elderly as a population class that is impaired and .Medicare, Medicaid, and Supplemental Security In- deprived, have been completely refuted, and the come components of the Social SecuritY Act.' ' equating of age with needwhich is the basis of so Even with these enactments, however, the-Senate niudh Federal p&licy for the elderlyis losing its Special Committee.on Aging in its Developments in utility. By the time of the 1981 Whhe House Con- Aging: 1980 reported that economic security in ao ference on Aging, mere age had becomena poor in- time of high infliadon was the most fundamental dicator of ability, behavior, and heed. problem confronting older Americans. Even as Participants in the 1981 Conference perceived a breparationg for the 1981 White House Conference major challenge: to eliminate the view that older on Aging were underway, the public was con- people as a group are a burden tOlociety. A domi- fronted with new staltics showing that between nant theme was that America's elders do not feel 1978 and 1979 the pe entage of elderly living in deprived and do not want to be treated patroniz- poverty had risen from 14 percent to 15.1 percent, ingly or in stereotypic \Jays. They want to be and that energy and health costs were consuming a treated as individuals in'a society where economic, greater proportion of the financial resources of the social;and political instilutions are being elderly living on fixed incornes.7 transformed by the changing age distribution. Far .By the end of the 1970s, concern for economic from being a burden, America's older citizens with security had spread-beyond the low-income elderly. their experipnte and knowledge should be seen as a The base of financial strength for many other older naiional asset and should be kept in the Americans-as honieowners, as contributors toward mainstream of American life. At th'e same time, thepersonal savings, and as Wage earnerswas now Conference participants recognized the need to pro-being threatened by the same economic difficulties

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facing youngef persons and businesses: inflation, care as II as institutional care with additional high taxes, and high interest rates.',' The public support fr the terminally . sector'sresponse to those concerns included enact- ment of such measures as property tax deferrals, Social Serves and the Growth of indexing of tax brackets beginning in 1985, and The Agingetwork aka tax-free saings certificates (these and other The growthf social service programs for the measures to relieve financial"burdens on the elderlyelderly durinthe 1970s brought a rntiltitude of are more fully, described in Volume 1). regulations, ten fragmented and inconsistent, In recent years concern for the economic security followed by aseries of eaFmarked and discretionary of the elderly has focused on the financial sound- grantS. One rult was the growth of an "aging ness of the Social Security retirerhent program, network" cornrised of national organizations for although it must be recognized that many retired the elderly; St te units on aging; Area Agencies on persons receive benefits from public and prhate Aging; ervi*-- roviders; gerontology and other pehsions and that a large number of vvorking peo- 4ple manpower trai ing centers;, advocates and om- are covered by public and prhate plans.'' Somebudsmen for t elderly; senior centers and nutri; protection to beneficiaries was ensured with the tion sites; .resea chers; information and referral passing in 1974 of the Employee,Retirement In- Ispecialists; inte and case management staff; and come Security Act (ERISA), but gaps in protection planners, evalu tors, and auditors.2'-" and desired coverage remained at the time of the . As the agingetwork-expanded so did its efforts '8'1 Conference.' Other concerns in the late '705 to influence pol cymakers in the public sector.24." about.pension policy were focused on interactions, Policymakers, iturn, began to focus the need for gaps, and duplications existing among the Soicial more efficient a d innovative program administra- Security Retirement Program, priv'ste pensions, andtion:especially emphasis' increased dn limiting public pensions.u." ) Federal spendin "." Numerous State and Federal Though a trend of voluntary early retirement legislattearin s were held in the late 70s inan persisted during tlie.19(70s, Congress in 1978- effort toonito the impact of existing legislation amended the Age DisCrimination Employment Act for the elderly as well as to identify niore efficient , to raise the age for mandatory retirement to 70 and effective wa s for the public sector to address years. This action reflected the judgment of Con- the social welfar needs,of the older pOpulation." gress that the elderly, at least up td age 70, should This emphasis-is vident in Developments in Aging: .be free to choose retirement rather than be forced 1980, which calles for more refined targeting of into it by chronological age along. Since the resources and car. ful 4halysis of proposed new ,passage of the 1978 Amendrn4attention has programs:2' coptinued on employment righ 'opportunities ederal, State, and local of- Ole elderrY. By the time of thelAl White fiCiatl'steA ,tte g to place greater emphasis on fanisti*nference on Aging iffer5$ere indications targeting resbes and set-ving clients in greatest of increasM.'g interest among s 4derly to remainneed', the public w s becoming more insistent on in the wdzk force:"--16 less government intvention in private lives. State and lbcal officialsere also reacting tipthe com- Growth .of Medical Programs for the Elderly plexity of Federal r gulations imposed on them as Increased attention to the medieal needs of the ag- program implement rs. As the 1981 Conferenc aping population was also eidenfeduring pie 1970s. proached, innovativ model maws were being New knowledge of the aging proOsArowth of thpexplored to promot independeWnd sustained total number of elderly in the upper age cRhorts,, self-dignity." " Inst ad of relytng exclusively on and the sharply risingcosts of medical 6Fe were allFederal .jd, the pro rams Were taj2ping 4-- part of the settirgfor the 1981 White Flouse Con-. available puttleandrivate re rces, as as ference on Aging." the family and the c mmun The early and mtd-1970s had seen the public Sec- tor respond to tilt medical care needs Of the elderly New KnoWledgi andhan ed Attitudes ' by amending the criteria for eligibility and benefit About Aging structure under Medicare and Medicaid, but.as the Knowledge about theging populations and elderly. '81 Conference approached more empligis was bar populations expandedppreciably_ during the ing placed on the concept of a "contimiurn of decade preceding the 181 Conference. Federally care," a "Ion -term care system" including sup- funded training fundsnd, technical assistance pr porth e &Teti or prevothe and maintenance jects provided opportuities fo uals,in t y,4

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OZ A._ field of aging and others serving elderirclients to lifestyle", programs such as ACTION's Foster increase ,their knowledge and understandingof the Grandparents were implemented by the public sec- elderly." More research was fulided, more surveys tor to promote exchange of resources.betweenthe were conducted, and more.training wasprovided to young and Old. wobien a growing number of studentsinterested in gerOn- The 1970s were also a time when many Since tology. - joined or returned to the lahor force." The spread of this new knowledge was-accom- women had been major contributors ofvoluntary panied by increased awareneskof the elderly as . community service during earlier decades, this the consumers of goods and services."Marketing firmsmovement placed even greater importance pn began to pitch advertising to older consumers,and volunteer work of retired men and women. The educational institutions introduced more courses to growth of programs for elderly volunteer workers from the public sector 'help older students start a second career or tohelp was stimulated by support retirees enrich their leisure time. Negative a.ge during the 1970s, with beneficial results for the stereotypes began to diminish in the late'70s as the'volunteers themselves as well as o the recipients of media became more active in portraying the elderly their services, many of whom also are elderly. in a variety of roles.V." Membership in aging interest organizatiohs increased during the 1970s, as did thentlinber of such organizations, and these groups became more sophisticated as legislative.advocates. Although they are multiple, distinct, and hold fewinterests in common and are therefore perceivedby some as only "paper".political forces, these groups have established formal and. informal umbrellaorganiza- tions to strengthen their coheslveness 6n specific issues affecting the elderly."." 'With increased attention on the elderly the public became more aware of the proportion of government outlays to the older population,referred to in the late '70s as the "grayinReof the budget." As questions about the fiscal solvency of pension programs grew more frequent, concern wasexpressed that polarization between generations would develop if Social Security taxes imposed on younger workers continued to risein order to support the growing number ofnonworking older, Americans/'' Other Trends and Issues Other phenomena such as increased crime rates, plysical abuse, ana social,isolation of the elderly ,were.significant areas.of concern among participants in the 1981 White HouseConference on Aging."-While crime rates in urban areas havein- creased in the last decade, there is evidence suggesting that the elderly are theleasrlikelY to become crime Victims. Nevertheless, fear of crime has become an impediment to mobility for many elderly Americans and has increased their isolation./ Awareness of abuse of the elderly, both byfamily members and'by caretakers in instipitions, ha's grown. Public guardianships andprotective services were some of the responsesof the public sector to protect the rights.and safety of theelderly. As intergenerational gaps expanded with chanq in

4...k 1 3 Cha\pter3 introduction of the-joint Resolution, President Carter signed the legislation authbrizing the 1981 : MAKING ITWhite House Conference on Aging..(A copy of Public Law 95-478,.Title II, is in Appendix A.) HAPPEN: I. :I'he Legislative andEarly Preparations Adniinistrative History ofPreparations for the 1981 White House Conference Thg 1984 White Houseon Aging began in 1978 with the establishment of an Interim Departmental Committee under the Confefence,on Agingdirection of Secretary Califano in cooperation with Commissioner Benedict; Robert Boiler, Etirector of the National Instituie on Aging; and Martha Keys, Special Advisor to the Secretary of HEW, An interim conference office was set up with asmall- Enabling Legislatln staff through the joint efforts of the Administra- In early 1977, Refrese tative Claude Pepper tion on Aging and the National Institute on Aging. Mr. James Golden served as the Interim Con- (D-Florida) repoeted that "the House Select Com- a mittee-on Aging.. ,has just finished line-by-line ference Office Coordinator until an Executive study of the 1971 report [of the White House Con- Director for the '81 Conference was designated at ference on Aging]. Although much progress has the end of 1979. been made as a result of these recommendations, During this periOd, Miss Keys chaired an interim we find a great many of them still unimplemented policy group made up of representatives from the almost six years after the close of the Conference."following agencies: Administration on Aging; Na- At the same time, Senator Frank Church _ tional Institute on Aging; Human Development (D-Idaho), citing the benefits derived from the - Services; Health Care Financing Administration; Key ious White House Conferences on Aging, /Social Security Administration; Public Health $er- stated, "A third White House CoVerence on Ag- vice; and the Educition Division. Work was started ing is needed to assure that the momentum on budget options,.developing a roster of nominees generated by previous White House Conferences for appointment to the Conference's National Ad- does not falter and die. Such a conference can visory Committee, consideration of options on the focus on further development olnational policy Coitference mission and operational plan, and and action in ihe field of aging."" . estabRshment of the official Conference office. On May 6, 1977, Senator Church and. Represen- Among the decisions made by Patricia Roberts tative Pepper joined efforts and introduced resolu- Harris, newly appointed as Secretary of Health and tions in the House and Senate calling for the 1981 Human Services during this interim period, was to give the 1981 White House Conference on Aging ,White House Conference on Aging. During congressional hearings in 1978 on propos-sharp focus as a societal mission to stimulate the ed amendments to the Older Americans Act severalnational imagination and reinforce the national will representatives of national organizati ns on aging to address the pressing needs of older Americans expressed strong support for the resolions calling and to recognize the potential of this rapidly grow- for the 1981 White House Conference on Aging." ing segment of our population. .Support also came from Department of Health, Education and Welfare Secretary Joseph A. The National AdvisoWCommittee Califano, Jr., and Administration on Aging Com- Sectetary Harris appointed Jerome R. Waldie, missioner Robert Benedict. Secretary Cagano former Congressman from California, as Executive stated that the Conference would provide "a forumDirector of the Conference and Dr. Sadie T.M. for developing comprehensive approaches to the Alexander as Conference Chairman. The 1981 problems that will confront the Nation's elderly White House Conference legislation required the citizens over fhe next generation." Commissioner, Secretary to appoint an advisory committee to Benedict stressed "...the need for such a Con- assist in planning, conducting,.and reviewing the ference in order to stimulate public attention to theConference. The 56-member National Advisory .'gr.aying of America', and to generate an effective Committeechaired by Dr. Alexander and four response to the issues raised by the 'graying' pro- deputy chairmen (Dr. Arthur Flemming, Mrs. Lu e cess:"" Morales, Dr. Bernice Neugarten, and Dr. Elle On October 18, 1978, eighteen months after the , Winston)guided Mr. Waldie in developing the 12 14

. Conference plan and the first year implementation observers to help them prepare for the natiopal process. meeting; the committee structure of the natpnal The membership of the National Advisory Com- meeting, including the areas to be assignedto each mittee reflected representation from the Federal committee, the concept of subgroups or subsections Council on Aging and other public and private and the incorporation of minority and women's organizations and included board chairmen or chiefissues into the agenda, and the rules and pro- executives of many national aging organizations, ceclures for conducting the national meeting. professional and public sector interests, as we as The fourth and finarmeeting of the National minorities, the poor, and the elderly themsetes. Advisory Committee was in September 1981. The P The Advisory Committee met twice as a full Committee and Chairman Arm4ge, with the body during 1980. The first meeting, held, in assistance Of Executive Director -Rust and other March, was to adv,ise the Executive DirectOr on staff, reviewed decisions on Conference committee subje.%s to be addressed by the yet-to-be establish- structure, logistical arrangements, appointments of ed national Technical Committees. Dr. Flemming, delegates and observers, and the mailing of infor- as chairman of the Issues Subcommittee, led a mational material to conference participants prior discussion that resulted in the recommendation of to the national meeting. The major agenda item for 16 topic areas for'technical committee studies. this meetingreview and. discussion of options for The second meeting, held in November and the rules of the Conferencewas led by Senator J. hosted by National Institute on Aging Director Dr. Glenn Beall, Acting Chairman of the Rules Sub- Robert Butler, heard presentations by NIA and committee. Four other subcommittees (Awards, In- other'staff of the National Institutes of Health. Six ternational Observers, Special4Events, and the subcommittees (Public Affairs, Private Sector, Na- Private Sector) presented suggestions resulting from tional Meeting, Pre-national Meeting, Internationaltheir meetings. Participation, and Issues) deliberated on ways to National Advisory Committee mem6ers assisted enhance the Conference process and reported their the Conference in many ways besides the four suggestions Co the full Committee. Two resolutions times they met as a body. There were informal were passeci at this meetingone in suppOrt of lay meetings as well, to discuss policy questions and elderly being appointed as delegates, the other other issues; there were telephone conferences and stressing the Conference's' commitment to address polls; and many letters and telephone conversations the needs of the elderly and tp press for program passed between individual Committee members and improvements to help meet those needs. the Conference office. National Advisory Commit- After the Presidential election and the resulting tee members also served as delegates during,the na- changes, in the Administration, Richard S. tional meeting and representefl the Conference by Schweiker, the new Secretary of the Department of speaking at-meetings and appearing on radio and Health and Human Services, appointed an Ad- television programs throughout the Nation. They visory Committee for the Conference. Approx- were instrumental, in many cases, in organizing imately one-third of the members of the previous community forums in early 1980 and helping State Committee were reappointed. coordinators for the White House Conference in The /National Advisory Committee, led by Mrs. State-level actiyities through 1980 and 1981. Some Constance D. Armitage as the newly appointed members playa major role in promoting private Conference Chairman, met for a third time in May sector participation in the Conference process, in- 1981 and heard presentations on the expectations cluding service as board members of the Corpora- for and the importance of the 1981 White House tion for Older Americansa nonprofit charitable Conference, as well as progressvleports on the im- corporation through which individual and private plementation of the Conference process during the sector contributions were,channeled for supporting preceeding 16 months. The speakers included auxiliary activities of the Conference. Secretary Schweiker; members.of his staff; representatives of other Health and Human Ser- Honorary Chairmen and Special Advisors vices agencies; Mrs. Virginia Knauer of the White While many members of Cogress gave strong sup- House Office of Public Liaison; Mr. David A port to the 1981 White Hoffe Conference on Ag- Rust, the newly appointed Executive Director 6ff ing,.the Secretary of Health and HumanaServices the Conference; congressional staff; and members' named four congressispal leaders as Honorary of Me National Advisory Committee. The Advisory hairmen in appreciation for their special efforts Committee deliberated on the types of materials to on behalf of the Conference and to stimulate fur- be distributed to Conference delegates and ther cooperation between Congress and the Con- 1 14 16 ference office. The four were Senatots John Heinz and Lawton Chiles and Representatives Claude Pepper and Matthew J. Rinaldo. Senator John Heinz (Republican, Pennsylvania) is Chairman of die Senate Special Committee on Ag- ing during the 97th-CongressThis committee was formed in 1961 and 114s served as a forum for the development of significant legislation since that time. Senator Heinz has served on the Committee since 1978. A native of Pittsburgh, he was first elected to Congress in 1971 and served five years in the House of Representatives. He was elected to the Senate in 1976. Representative Claude Pepper (Democrat, Florida) has been Chairman of the House Select Committee' on Aging since 1977. The Committee, established . in 1972, oversees and investigates issues affecting the elderly and makes recommendations to the full House. A resident of Miami,' Representative Pepper has been a meMber of the House of Represen- tatives for 18 gears and also served in the United States Senate from 1937 to 1951. Senator Lawton Chiles (Democrat,,Florida) is the d ranking minority member of the Senate Special Committee on Aging during the 97th Congress. He has served on the Committee since the early 1970s and wds its Chairman during the 96th Congress. A resident of Holmes Beach, Senator Chiles was first elected to the United States Senate in 1920 and was reelected in 1976. Representative Matthew J. Rinaldo (Republican, New Jersey) is the ranking minority member4of the House Select Committee on Aging during tbe 97th Congress, serving on the Committee since 1577. A resident of Union, Representative Rinaldo has been a member of the'House of Representatives since 1972. The Secretary of Health and Human Services also named three individuals as Special Advisors to the Executive Director: John g. Martin, William D. Beechill, and Bertha S. Adkins. Bertha S. Adkins, Undersecretary of the Depart- ment of Health, Education, and Welfare during the latter part of the Eisenhower AdRinistration, had ,primary responsibility for overseeing the prepara- ./tions and conducting of the 1961.White House Conference on Aging and served as Vice-Chairman of the 1971 Conference. William D. Beech?! served as the first U.S. Cony- missioner on Agin from 1965 to early 1969. He is now a professor ofcial work at the University of Maryland.

17 15 John B. Martinserved as the U.S. Commissioner members of the Advisory and Technical Com- on Aging from 1969 to 1973 andfwas Director of mittees. The rapid turnover resulted ftom changes . the 1971 White House Conference on Aging. Dur- in leadership and the time-limited nature.of staff ing the 1981 Conference Mr. Martin was servingas appointments. Appendix L gives individual recogni- a consultant to the.National Retired Teachersy- tion to all'who held staff appointments,or were Association/American Association of Retired Per- loaned to the Conference. , sons. Volunteers played an important role at the national meeting. Hundreds of dedicated individuals Organization and Staffing P donated their own time and solicited the services of The,1981 White House Conference on Aging Act others willing to contribute time and energy. An authorized the Secretary of Health and Human estimated 2,000 volunteers assisted at the national Services to plan and conduct the Conference in meeting, some for a few hours but many for long cooperation with the Commissioner on Aging and days. In numerous ways they helped meet the the Director of the National Institute on Aging. routine and special needs of the Conference partici- Following common practice, the Secretary redele- pants. Without them, the national meeting could gated this authority to.the ExecutiveDirector of not have been successfully held. * the Conference. The Sectetary also assigned the responsibility of providing administrative support The Operational Plan, for 'the Conference to the Office of Human Devel- By the time the national meeting of the 1981 White,.., opment Services (which includes the AdministrationHouse Conference on Aging convened in plenary on Aging). . . opening session on Monday, November 30, 1981, The Conference became a reality through the ef- hundreds of other meetings in preparation for the forts of its staff. Beginning shortly after the Secreievent had been held throughout the country in the tary named the first Executive Director in Decem- previous 24 months. Many of these meetings were bei 1979, an initial group of approximately six peo-convened at the request of the Conference office, ple was supplemented with personnel hired by the such as the 58 State, territorial, an&Navajo Nation Conference or borrowed frotn other agencies. By White House Conferences. Other meetings were in- the summer of 1980 the staff had to grown to itiated by individuals, organizations, andgroups approximately 60 and was actively supporting the who wanted to discuss the issues of an aging socie- Technical Committees, facilitating community ty. These resulted, in some cases, in recommenda- forums, and assisting with plans for State confer- tions to the Conference or in implementation of enCes and mini-conferences. This staffing level per- recommendations.at the level where they were sisted through the spring of 1981, when reports developed. It is impractical to detail all the events were received from the Technical Committees, that occurred throughout the Nation in connection mini-conferences, and State conferences. the staff with the 1981 White House Conference on Aging, was then reduced to apOroximately 40 for a few but examples of how thousands of dedicated Amer- months but began to expand as the national icans took,advantage of the opportunities for meeting drew closer. By the fall of 1981, a Con- meaningful participation in the Conference are pro- ference-funded staff of 55, supplemented by ap- vid&i in a later chapter. .. proximately 30 staff on loan from other agencies, Guidance in the development of the Conference was.tn place for the final hecticweeks. After the plan came from two sources: from the legislation conclusion of the national meeting a staff of ap- authorizing the 1981 White House Conference on proximately 20 was retained to prepare the final Agingend from the deliberations of the National 7 report, analyze dat'a from the delegate/observer Advisory Committee. The Conference plan, unde? survey, and phase out the Conference. . the advice and leadership of the National Advisory Staff turnover was high during the 24-month Committee, iddressed three major questions: period that culminated in the national meeting. Three individuals held the position of Execuae What kinds of meetings should be held prior to Director: Jerome R. Waldie (December 1979-Janu-. the national meeting? ary 1981)yDivid A. Rust (March-September 1981), and Betty H. Brake (October-December 1981). Should the Conference office encourage discus-- Stephen F. Gibbens had responsibility for pre- skirt of specific igities at these meetings, and if . so, which issues? paring the final report and phasing out Conference operations. ki all, approximately 120 individuals Who should be encouraged to participate in and had appointments as paid employees, excluding convene these meetings? ' 16 1...A. 8. J The authorizing legislatiodlisted issues needing exploration, such as the "need for a more comprehensive and effective social service delivery system for older individuals" and the "need for a national policy with respectto increasing, coordinating, and

-expediting biomedical and appropriate research / directed at determining the causes of the aging process." The Act also mentioned methods for explor- ing issues, for example: "... . the Secretary [of Health and Human Services] shall render all.rea-, sonable assistance, including financial assistance, to State agencies on the aging and to area agencies on . aging, and to other appropriate organizations to enable them to organize and conduct conferences on aging prior to the Conference." Further: ". ..the Secretary shall assure that conferences will be so cqnducted as to assure broad participation of olderindividuals" and ". .*. the Confer-. . ence shall bring together representativesof Federal, .....9 State, and local overnments, professionals and lay people who are working in the field of aging (including researcheg on problems of the elderly and the process of aging), and representatives of the general public, including older individuals." ,. The operational plan that emerged,consiste.d of three phases: Phase I. This phase emphasized activities with broad participation at the local level. Between Jan- uary 1980 and June 1981, informationabont.the '81-Conference was disseminated widely', and tech- "nical assistance and staff support were provided to groups that had assumed responsibilitiesfor various (asks in preparation for the national meeting: the sixteen Technical Committees were ' appointed and their reports were written during this time. Community forums, State conferences, and mini-conferences Were held.'Also, Governors and Members,of Congress were advised on how they could partiC ,ate in the selection of delegates; most of the gubep atorialand congressional delegates wefe named ly June 1981. Phase II. June tO early December1981 was a time of concentrated effort to prepare for the national meeting. The remaining delegates and observers were selected and provided with information and background documents. Some special interest groups convened meetings of sompdelegates and observers; other mailed position papers to the Conference participants. Contractual arrangements for logistic support for the national meeting were . completed, procedural rules for the Conference were promulgated, the Conferenceleadership was ,. selected, and a program for the national meeting was adopted.

17,

V. r :. , , Phase- III. In the period between-adjOurnment of the national meeting and June 1982, the Cpnfer- 1 .

0. efice office prepared this final report of the 1981 A / \ WhiteHouse Conference on Aging, which in ac: , cordance with the enabling legislation includes a d statement of a comprehensive and coherent national policy on aging (see Volume 1). As stipulated . / in the rules of procedure, the Conference participants were surveyed on their judgn3ents of the 'recommendations, supplemental statements, and . additional views reported by all committees at the national meeting. The survey.findings and committee recommendations were analyzed to discern the sense of the delegates in developing the final WHCoA Funding Summary report (an analysis of the survey is in Volume 3). WI-ICoA Funds Distributi9n of remaining Conference documents Amounts continued during this time, along with documenta- in Thousands tion of the historical records of the 1981 White House Conference on Aging. National meeting $2,197 , Advisory Committee. 149 Funding of Conference Activities Technical C9111111ittee . 266 Final report, (estimated printing and distribution) 85 Funding for the 1981 White House Conference, on Staff and Conference office functions; Aging came from a variety of sources! including ConferenCe planning and State/local Congress, the Department of Health and Human liaison estimate 1,314 Services, other Cabinet Departments and inde- National meeting estimate 435 pendent Federal agencies, State and local govern- Advisory Committee support estimate 114 Technical Committee support estimate 1,021 ments, and the private sector. The sources and dis- Final report & survey preparation estimate 419 position of Federal funds for the Conference are, detailed in, Table 1. ' to..-.4* i Subtotal 4,303 Appropriated Funds Total WI-ItoA Appropriated funds $6,000 To carry out the purposes of the White House WFICoA Funds 1 Conference on Aging Act, Congress appropriated' $6.0 million for direct costs of the Conference, but State conference $ 600 Mini-confeiences only after considerable debate within the Executive 557 and Legislative branches about how mush should

NIA Funds 1 be spent. Initially, in Public Law 96-38 (Supple- Mental Appropriations Act, 1979) Congress appro- 'Staff salaries before appropriationwas passed , 60, priated $3.0 million to plan and conduct the Con- , Mini-conferences 69 /ference. However, at the same time Congress was

Other agencies 1 giving final approval to this sum, the Interim Plan- ning group within the Department of Health., . Mini-conferences 513 Education, and Welfare was considering budget options ranging from$3.0 million to $8,782 million, 1 Ex2ludes ,the cost of personnel loanedto assist in Conference activities:-No agency loaned more than 2 people, except depending on the number of,delegates whose ex- perhaps, for brief periods at the time of the national meeting. penses would be paid, the number of Advisory Committee members, the nuthber of Technical Committee members, and the number of staff needed to carry out Conference activities. .The main funding isiue was the' number of - gates that a'given funding level would support and the extent-to which the Conference would pay the expenses of delegates in order to encourage,broad /, participation. After much deliberatiOn the Depart- ment, and subsequently the President, agreed, to request an additional $3.0 million'for the ConferettIce 18 . a J, 20. / . , I , ,

, 1\ .-ii .' 'in the President's Budget for fiscal year 1981, ly represent a substantial financial, contribution to which was submitted to Congress in January 1980. the 1981 White House Conference on Aging. These additional funds were made 'available -t through a series of inteiim funding measures called Co kporationlor Older Americans . continuing resolutions passed during fiscal year A number of individuals interested in a successful 1981. In June 1981 the $6.0 million funding level Conference established the Corporation for Older was assured. Americans; one of whose,purposes was to provide financial support for ancillary activities designed to --, AoA and NIH Support enhance the Conference process. through its The Act.authorizing the '81 Conference named the private fundraising activities, the Corporation was 4dmmistration on Aging and the National Institute able to support several projects. One such project on Aging as partners in Elie planning and con- was an update of the 1574 Harris Survey of public ducting of the Conference. The NIA began its sup- attitudes on selected issues pertinent to the elderly. port by paying $60,000 in salaries to tfie stfiall In- The Corporationvaiso paid for the closed-circuit terim Planmng staff, which began its work before 'television hookup-between ballrooms at the con- the initial $3 million appropriation became avail- cluding banquet and for the transmission of the able, aria by funding two mini-conferences. The President's speech between the twp hotels during AoA agreed to provide $600,000 seed money to his appearance midway through the Conference. help the States launch theit conferences, funded a $1.2 million logistics contract for rekional hearings (these hearings were later cancelled and the con- -, tract was 'terminated), and became_ the largest: financial supporter of mini-coriferences, which were / held oh specific topics by a variety of oiganiza- / tions. Both the NIA and the AoA loaned staff tO the Conference (this-cost.is not included in the above amounts): Supportyrom Other Agencies , Support from other Federal agencies came in two forms: funds for mini-conferences and the loan of personnel to the Conference. Departments contributing in this manner included Agriculture, Energy, Housing and Urban Developmept, Justice, and Transportation. Similar support was provided * by indepervient'agencies such as the Natiotial En- i dowment for the Arts°, National Endowment for .. the Hunianities, Environmental Protection Agency, ,

ACTION, and the General Accounting Office. In .1, addition to the partnership assistance from, AoA and NIA described above, assistance came from other components of the Department of Health,and, Human Services including the Pgplic Health Serv- ice, Community Services Administration, Soicial .. Security Administration, and Federal Coundil on Aging.

State and Local Support Encouraged by the national Conference office, bUt often on their own initiative, State and local governments alike sponsored a variety of activities rangin,from community forums, to statewide con- ferefices, tojraining sessions for delegates to the national meeting. Definitive information on the .-- cost of these State and local efforts is not available and it is difficult, to make estimates, but they clear- - 19

, Chapter 4hioting community forums as part of the traditional Older Americans Month (May) and as the in- . THEitial activity of the process culminating in the national meeting at the end of 1981. . 'CONFERENCE. The responses to this and subsequent. publicity were far beyond the expectations of the Confetence PROCESSleadership. Two technical assistance documents, "How to" Guide for Groups Organizing White House Conference on Aging Community Forums and The White House Conference on Aging Com- I munitY Fo.rums Handbook, were.distributed in large quantities, as were "Welcome to.the White House Conference on Aging" flyers, President Carter's Proclamation for Older Americans Month As is clear from the foregoing, a White House and Senior Citizens Day, and a poster featuring Conference is much more than..a big meeting in celebrity Ruth ,,Gordon. , Washington, D.C. It is mope accurate to describe it National organizations expressed commitment as a process national inisscope, involving all early tp the '81 Conference by distributing these States and territories, hundreds of thousands of materials to their Members and supplementing theni Americans over a period of many months. The na- with their own guidance and promotional tional meeting is the climactic gathering where materials. National aging organizations, State units issues that have emerged during the process are on aging, and area agencies on aging played an im- refined and formulated into policy recommenda- portant role in coordinatinethe efforts and pro- tions. The elements of that process in the 1981 viding follow-up reports on these forums. Many White House Conference on Aging are the stibject sponsors forwarded -their reports directly to the of this chapter. Conference office in Washington, D9k., but most were collected and forwarded to th tate aging , Community Forums and Older Americans units by the areg agencies on aging. Smile national ,Month Activities organiiations'collected ancr forwarded the reports The first "activity of national significance in the on forums sponsored by.their local and State chaplers. Every effort was made to share these 1981 White House Conference on Aging was thou-- sands of community forums held throughout the reports with the State unit on aging or State White 'country. House Conference coordinator in time to influence . - the, planning of the State White Hodge Conference In January 1980, letters were sent to all the bri Aging. The Research and Data Resources Unit Governors ancr the readers of approximately 200 of the National Retired Teachers Associa- organizations, religious groups, and industrY in- tion/American Association of Retired Persons of- forming them of the 1981 White House Conference fered to assist State aging,offices in summarizing on Aging and asking them to participate in the the vast number of community forum reptrts. A Conference process. The communications outlined few States took up the offer but most,chose to do the purpose of the 1981 Conference as follows.' their own,reviews. . -While the increasing longevity of individuals in More than 9,500 community forums were re- our society is a remarkable achievement, it is ported with a total number.of participants ex- also one that presents significant challenges, ceeding 390,000. problems and opportunities for every institution in our country. The 1981 White House Confer- The following examples illustrate some of the-prO- motional efforts for the community forumg. . ence on Aging will be an important forum for assessing our past achievements, and for explor- , The U.S. Conference of Mayors alerted its mem-. ing ways in which both the.public and private bership to the 1981 White House Conference otii..... sectors of our country can continue to assure Aging and distributed the materials developed by that older Americans enjoy a high quality of life. the Conference office on community forums to We also hope that the Conference will chart a each mayor. direction for the full participation of older Americans in our society. The Amalgamated Clothing and Textile/Manu- facturers' national office distributed materials on The correspondence asked for cooperation in pro- White House Conference on Aging community

20, 22 , , st, c. /- '. ."' forums to ea;:b of their State affiliates and urged States. In metropolitan New York, listeners turn- their retired members to become involved inJhe ed the weekly radio discussion program of the forums. Departnrent for the Aging into-a forum. The The National Interfaith Coalition on Aging Repartment provided issues broch'ures to make ,(NICA) distributed more than 1,400 brochures the discussion more meaningful. In Massachu- on community forums to members representing setts, the Plymouth Council on Aging enlisted 150 denominations. Local groups were encourag- the help of two radio stations and the Berkshire ed through the NICA newsletter to explore Home Care Corporation sponsored a day-long. spiritual well-b5ing in relation to older Ameri- "Elderthon" call-in program. cans during the community forum activities. Sponsors of many forums made attendance The American Association of Homes for the Ag- easier by taking the meetings to the people, even ed publicized community forums by distributing to the homes of shut-ins. Such sessions for as a Mhite House Conference on.Aging Alert" to few as four or five were arranged by Marion: over 17,000 homes and 31 State associations. County, South Carolina, outreach workers who went into isolated communities and sought out The American Health Care Association home-bound elderly persons. Other sponsors distributed 750 community forum handbooks used elderly housing projects,.nursing homes,. and 2,500 "How to" guides to 47 State associa- peighborhood centers, and congregate dining tions. facilities. .3 fb, The American Red Cross distributed 70 "How One forum in Jackson, Mississippi, involved only to" guides and 70 community forum handbooks 27 persons but the range in ages was from 15 to their divisional headquarters, encouraging to1. Of 30 who attended a forum in North them to make contact with the aging organiza- Fort Myers, Florida, most were blind, or visually tions for.follow-through in participating in corn. impaired. munity forums. The National Urban League distributed J50 State Conferences handbooks through their regional offices to their Early in 1980 each Governor was asked to sponsor 117 affiliates. a State White House Conference on Aging sometime between September 1980 and May 1981 (later Th'e American Association of Retired Persons extendedThrough June 081). Afl the States, ter- distributed 8,000 handbooks to its local chapters.rifories, and the Navajo Nation conducted such , The' area agency on aging in St. Louis sponsored conferences. 32 forums, each emphasizing comprehensive The national office provided guidance on conducting-these conferences, stressing that they were coordinated health services. . an intermediate mechanism by which issues and, Tesion viewers in San Antonio, Texas, were recommendations from individuals and community able to watch two hours of a community forum meetings could be explored in depth and subse- in which the Executive Director of the White quently transmitted through State Gonference re- House Conference on Aging joined the panel to ports to the delegates at the national meeting. The respond to questions and comments from a States were encouraged to make their reports re- studio audience of elderly persons. The innova- flect the concerns of citizens on both short-term tive program was-cosponsored by Senior Com- and long-range issues of an aging society and to 4. munity Services and Station KMOL. contain recommendations and directives for public WNBC-TV, NBC's flagship television station in and private sector responses to those concerns. New York, hosIed a community forum in Which The States wese -also encouraged to ensure broad ,- some 30 advocates Spoke out about the problems representation ih the State Conference process. The of the aged to the Conference's Executive Direc- following groups were specifically mentioned by the tor and-a group.of NBC executives. Conference office: Elsewhere, radio and television stations co- Institutionalized and handicapped elderly operated to provide forums for those who might Low-income elderly have found it difficult to attend meetings in pet-- Minorities son. A call-in program by the Iowa.Commission Urban and rural interest groups on Aging reacheckan estimated 5,000 homes in a Researchers in the field of aging predominantly rural area extending into four Private sector (voluntary and corpoiate) - 9 22 24 National organizations . forums and 13 State regional conferences earlier in , Older women the year. , Retired individuals Over 400 delegates attended the 1981 Oreitit ' Poficymakett State Conference on Aging March 23-25 at the Professional and ,civic groups with particular in- Hilton Hotel in Portland to develop resolutions terest in the family . concerning issues previously raised in appmd- To help cover the expense of the State White mately 140 cornmunity forums and atterreitlpy House Conferences on Aging, the Commissioner of nearly 4,000 people. Of the 10 issues discussed af theAdministration on Aging provided supple- the day-long conference, health care, social securi- mental grants to State agencies on aging. A total of ty, and housing were of primary concern to the $600,000 was diotributed for the State conferences Oregon conferees. Delegates to-the Conference with a minimum of $10,000 per State and were greeted by Governor Victor Atiyeha and $2,500-$5,000 for each territory. Frank Ivancie, Mayor of Portland. The Hon. Ron Throughout the life of the '81 Conference, the Wyden (R-Ore.) gave the keynote address. ' natiohal office maintained a staff unit-toleep in "Today, Tomorrow, Together"ewas the theme regular contact with the State Coordinators. While for the 1981 New'Jersey Governor's Conference on the States.were responsible for planning and imple- Aging held Mardi 24, 1981, at Trentoligate Col- menting their own conferences, ideas were fre- lege. MOre than 600slelegates attended the confer- quently-exchanged between the States and the na- ence, culminating a-5rocess that began with nearly tional office staff on preliminary activities such as 400 community forums throughout the State in State-sponsored development of background papers which over 30,000 people participated. Cif the more for State conference participants or participants in than 20 issues discussed at tke day-long conference, regional hearings within a State. National office economic well-being, health%arr, housing, and staff participated in planning meetings for develop- transportation were predomiOant. ing State agendas and spoke at many State confer- Appendix D provides t e d tes and lo!ions of ences each of the State White Hou e Confererifiiiin Ag- Each State determined the dates and location for ing. State White House Con erence Cocainators, its'Conference, the agenda, the number of partici- who played a major role in'organizing WIAte pants and the method of selecting them, and the House Conference activities in tile States are listed level of financial assistance to be provided for the in Appendix C. participants.. . More than 37,000 individuals participated in the .Technical CommAW0- State conferences, about 75 percent of whom Were The enabling legisla Pitt.he 1981 White House 55 years of age or older. More than 60 percent Conference on Agij tjfq d the establishment, were women and approximately 20 percent Were if necessary, oLtechni mittees by the Secre- members of minority groups. etary of the Department o fJ pith and Human Florida, with the largest percentage of older per- oServices. win April 1980, tary Patricia Roberts sons of any State, hosted the first State White Harris appointed 135 ind&duals to serve on tech- House Confewnce on Aging. Former FloridaA nical committees and develop issues and recommen- Governor Leroy-Collins gave the keynote address dations in specific areas to serve as background on "The Uniqueness of Older Floridians" on material for delegates to the nationaçpeeting, The Wednesday morning, September 17, 1980. The major topic areas around which ty, t6 committees COnference concluded on Friday morning at the werelformed had been recommended by the Na- Atlantis Theater in Sea World, where Governor tional Adv;isory Comniitt& at its first meeting in Graham introduced First Lady RoSalynn Carter to March 1980. more than 5,000 elderly persons from all over the The Secretary appointed persons to these com- State. -- mittees who could provide in-depth knowledge as "Everybody's TomorrowAging in Coloradp" well as a broad perspective. Membership included was the theme of the Governor's Conference on public sector officials, professionals in the field of Aging held October 9-11, 1980 at the Colorado aging, scientists and scholars, representatives of Women's College in Denver. The Colorado confer- business and voluntary agencies, and citizens'from ence convened by Governor Richard D. Lamm was diverse economic backgrounds. Some individuals attended by 500 delegates and 200 other partici- served on more than one committee. Membership pants from throughout the State. Most in attend- ranged from 6 membets on one commiltee up to 17 ance had participated in over 450 community on the largest committee. The Conference office ,

4.,9 a 23 7, ikt%

- 6 '' , 1 assigned staff to assist egy,..h committe1.e and in many The reports should dentify the basic needs and vses consultants were fib provided. ob/tctives.that each recommendation is intended to meet. Short- and long-term objectives nfay be The 16omiiiittees weii; defined. Em tc,yment All Technical Committee reports shobld be sub- 'Health Seevices , , mated to the ExecutiveDirector no later than Htalth Maintenance and Health Promotion s' February 1, 1981. Social and Health Aspects a Long-Tertn Ca Em-ily, Social,5e-rvices,,an per Support. Each Technical 'Committee met about four times : iv-:- .:,;. _-'fen.is iv between June 198(1-and February 1981. Draft re7 ille Physical and Social 'Environment ahd Quali- ports were _circulated by mail, and in some cases y, of Life telephone conferences were used to facilitate . :., Older Americans as aGrowing Jiational Re- review. Each Committed determined the method by .B,..- sour% which its report would 'evolve s'ome conducted Retifetrient In , public hearings, others had special backgroukl Creating an AWIntegratedSo9i:ey papers written, others scheduled speakers at their Implications for Societal Institolions meetings. Each Committee prepared both.an execu- Creating an Age-Integrated Soeiety tivie summary and a full report on the assigned Implications for the Economy topic, both of which were 'published and distributed Creating an Age-Integrated Society to. participants in.the national meeting. Implications for the EducationOystems -11'. Creating an Age-Integrated Soeitty Mini-Conferen* Implications for the Family One of the elemehts.3incorporated intothe Confer- _Creating an Age-Integrated SOciety ence process was a series,of `tmini-conferences" Implications for Governmental Structures held throughout the country. Between September Creating an Age-Integrated Society 1980 and March 1981, 42 mini-conferences were Implicationsr the Media held under the cosponsorship of the 1981 White Creatin Age Integrated Society House COnference on Aging and one or more con- ImlieIion s. for Spiritual Well-Being \...yening organizations. A list of the mini- Res,2rch in Aging conferences, with datesflocations, and key con- , A lis% of the members of each comlnittee is in vénors,frisin Appendix E. mini-conTerences Appendix E. werotiesigned to explore, at the national level, issues of concern to particular interest groups and The technical ittee chairmen met as a group to provide information and recommendationsysup- in June 1980 t i ss the charge that had been plementary to the Technical Committee reports and

given themb9, 4° ecretary and to review the the State Conference activities. guidelineOir, dUrhich each Committee's repoit Many of the topics for mini-conferences wersp was to be developed. The guidelines included the identified by the Conference leadership; others following: Were agreed on after review of requests made to the Each Tecical Committee should give attention Conference office by groups interested in holding to the special concerns and needs of Tacial and such conferences on particular subjects. While ethnic minorities, older women and men, rural some Federal funds were av.ailable to help cover the and urban Older populations, and the function- cost of mini-conferences, convenors and sponsors jly private sector as well as public sec- contributed muclt of the funding and staff time. iii11,1,ESP*ts;intergenerational aspects (where aP- ,proptAe); critical needsfor new knowledge and The Conference office provided the following imp'ecAd uses of available 14r6wledge; age dis- guidelines to the mini-conference convenors: -crimination; heterogeneity of the older popula- Special interest groups wer,e to asses§ issues from tion; and aging as a continuing process, variable their unique perspectives and develop substantive at different stages in its impact oti individuals. recommendations related.to the overall Confer- , 1 Each Technical Committee should seek to iden- ence agenda. tify major critical policy issues, then focus on The planning of the mini-conference was to in, developing a small number of key policy recom- volve both aging and non-aging national organi- mendations. zations.

24 , 4 9 The agenda of the mini-conference was to be I. structured to allow open discussion by all participants and development of a group consensikon recommendations for the mini-conference report. Participation was to reflect leadership and grass- roots groups, older persons, and minorities. A report on the mini-conference was t6 be submitted to the national office. Program format, number of participants, an ,meeting duration varied among the mini-confer- \., ence,as did the 'methods for cboosing participants. Some convenors and planning committeeS extended , invitations to selected individuals. Some selected participantS on the basis of State residence and used foFmulas to determine equitable representation.-Admission to other mini-conferences was by

fee and pre-registration. , Some convenors distributed background papers to the invited participants before the mini-con- erence. Others used speakers to bring issues before e participants in plenary and workshop sessions. 4t least one mini-conference asked some participants to meet with service providers and older per- . sons beforehand to discuss topics relevant to the agenda. . a While convenors were required to have mini- conferences with a national perspective, some chose to meet this requirement by holaing a series of , meetings in several Sides instead of one centraina- tional session. 1 Selection of Delegittes Early in 1980 the Conference leadershipestablished a range of 1,800-2,000 for the number of voting ..-- delegates and 1,500-1,800 for the number of . observers at thenational meeting. However, the , totals changed somewhat as more information was 4 'gathered on the capacity of the meeting facilities, as better estimates of available financial resources to help with delegates' expenses were developed, and in response to requests for representation at the meeting by varrouk organizations and Members of Congress. 4 Gubernatgrial Delegates The first decision on delegate selection was to.allow State Governors to appoint 1,000 delegates, to be apportionell among the States on the basis of the populafion of residents 55 years of age- and'older,- with a minimum of six from any State, the District of Columbia, or pnerto Rico. The five Trust Ter- ritories (Commonwealth of the Mariana Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Trust Territories of

"ea 21 25 Pacific Islands, and.the Virgin Islands) were pointed 85 delegates and tbe Executive Director of granted one delegate eacli from the initial 1,000 the Conference appointed approximately 200. The allocation. Later the Navajo Nation Was also per- Office of Public Liaison at the White House mitted to appoint one delegate. selected 50 individuals to be delegates. The Conference-leaders-hi 5treued thaj Stale delegations should represent certain population White House Conference Committee Members and groups but left it to each State to determine its ownState Coordinators method of selecting gubernatorial delegates. Gover- In recognition of their expertise and IR appreciation nors were asked to meet the following criteria in of their contributions to the Conference, State their delegation: White House Conference on Aging Coordinators At least half of each State's delegation should bemembers of the National Advisory Committee (ex- 55 years of age or older. cept,the two international representatives), and At least half of each State's delegation should bemembers of the Technical Committees were appointed delegates. Some members of the Com- women. mittees declined due to othei-commitments, but a Minority group representation in a State's . total of 157,delegates came froth these groups. delegation should reflect at a minimum the percelytage ofelach minority group in the State's National Aging Organizations total population. (For this purpose mihority Many delegates were members of one or more na- groups were defined aS blacks, Hispadics, Native tional aging organization&, and several members of Americans, and Pacific Asians). the Technical and Advisory Committees were-board Urban and rural representation should reflect the members or executive officers of such organiza- same percentage of those populations in the tions. In early'June 1981 ikwas decided to grant 75 Stae. (Urban population was defined as all per- delegate positions to the Leadership Council,on sons living in metropolitan areas or in places Aging Organizations. Delegate status was also with 2,500 or more inhabitants; population not granted to any president or executive director of classified as urban constituted the rural popula- the 22 member organizations of the Leadership tion.) Council who was not already appointed by some Nn additionto these specifications, Governors other method; 29 delegates were added in this man- were also encouraged to sive consideration tO repre-ner. sentation by low-income groups; the handicapped; Another 18 delegates were appointed in response national organizations; and a.balance of profes- to requests by the National Farmers Union, Green sionals, laymen, and the public and private sectors. Thumb, National Association of Atea Agencies on Aging, and National Retired Teachers Associa- Congressional Delegates tion/American Association-of Retired,Persons. In late summer 1980 the decision was made to About 75 national organizations wrote to the Con- enable each Member of Congress in office, on ference office during 1981 asking for representation February 1, 1981, to designate one delegate to the through one or more delegates or observers. The 1981 COnference. The invitation was extended to . national organizations selected by the Executive all Members of the Senate and House of Aepresen- Director to have one delegate include: titives; belegates from the District of Columbia, Guam, and theVirgin Islands; and the Resident American,Association 'of Colleges_of Pharniacy Commissioner of Puerto Rico. Members bf Con- American Association of Junior and Community gress were informed.of the national goals on the Colleges profile or the conference's delegation but like tile American Association of Medical Colleges Governors,were permitted to u e their own discre- American Council on Education tion in selecting delegates. Eve y member of Con- American Dietetic Association gress participated, making a ttal of 540 Congres- American Medical Association sional Delegates. A large number of Congressional American Nurses Association offices asked the Executive Director to consider theAmerican Occupational Therapy Association appointment of other identified constituents as delegates or observers to the Confeience. -American Optometric.Associatiop, Coalition of fnstitutionally Aged anti/ Executive Branch Delegates Disabled Persons The Secretary of Health and Human Services ap- National Medical Asso'ciation -

26" $4 . Mkt 1.7,1

NEW YORK The Delegates' Views, Judith Winerman What Do We Want to See #5 Health' Care Achieved at This "I hope for a'feasible, rational Conference? and democratic-decided plan for --theltexrtewyeafs:-As a yeung person, my interest is not just for the old, but for women and 'minorities in general, and for the. 9 coalition between the young and old." ee#42

MICHIGAN PENNSYLVANIA Sister Agnes Thiel Drexel Black #10 Education #3 Older Americans "I would like to see mole stress 4. "I'd like to see us come p placed upon preparing older fs, with a program by whi h people for retirement; a good older people who dot want attitude toward the elderly in that to retire can continue to work, regard is badly needed. Also, I full-time, part-time, or do would like to see those Who serve even volunteer work. In this' the ageddoctors, nurses, etc. way, the older people are not , understand more the aging left out of society, and do not . - process. Finally, seniors should suffer the stigma that can be kept active and intellectually come with being old." alive."

ALABAMA CALIFORNIA Carlee Thomas Cruz Sandoval #0 Community Participation #2 Economic Well Being "I fear I will come out of this "It is important thauhis Conference frustrated and Conferee& find ways that the- confused. I only,Ape that the aged can both-bche1pe4and help democratic processgovernment themselves. Some of these ways by, of, aqd for the peoplewill are through involvement and prevail at this Conference." volunteers who prosper and enrich themselves as well as help others."

MICHIGAN NEW HAMPSHIRE Harold Schunk Sara Townsend #8 Housing #1 Implications of the Economy "Public housing should not be on Aging offered without strings attached. "I hope that in ten years there People in it should be required to will not be a need for another take care of their homes. Also, I conference on aging. The ultimate would like to see law and order goal is to integrate all ages. .on Indian reservations improved, People's needs are foremost in especially for the older people; importance, not their ages." the young ones can take care of themselves."

28 30

MIL ia. 1 tot Illiqe1"...:.....,..7...; 1 " ' - ' , ": t$ 1 4441614o d 11, Air rug IN Os i is cea.. , . , ", , !, , ' 3"; , i ' .,.- ',,- ' ',, '- ' . .... -.....': -'a ,-."*"."'..7,',,7, v, 4 . :, IL."'" '''.... , L . 7 7",','"*"' . ,S, ' ''.' ,'1,""" , :, ' I , t'" ' ' ' , . . , ,'1',,' ,,,.', "a " "'r ,:'I: .....4, ,... 1l t. ' .-I iNSV*1 a',,qa. , .7 ..,..naor...... a..eat' , ,', '.. ' .,' ,' ; , 7 , " , Itat 1, 4 ...A.., , , , .., aida,.', , i ; ' 7,," ,,. ,...,,,,,,.,' 1.. ,.. , '-," ,," v... , t, ,. , ' s .,,,, , , ' -,A,t,, .11 , , <,c , a":..- a, ; r.r..ra +a.k.a.., 7,as , , 4,44, 0. I ., ,.1 Vet A Other Delegates Other Observers In August 1981 the Executive Director of the Con- In addition to-delegates and under 'similar selection ference granted delegate status to six-members of procedures, 25 observers were granted to the the National Institute on Aging's National Ad- Leadership Council on Aging Organizations and 10 visory Council, thus increasing the representation to the Association of Area Agencies on Aging. The of persons inv olved in or interested in researclion National Conference of State Legislatures was also aging. Delegate status was also granted to 25 repre- granted 10 observers. The following national orga- sentatives of business and industry and 15 represen-nizations were granted one observer each: tatives of veterans'. organizations. American Association of Colleges of Nursing American College of Physicians Characteristics of Delegates American College of Nursing Home Administrators About 53 percent of the delegates were women, 19 American Physical Therapy Association percent identified themselves as members of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association minority groups, and 17 percent represented rural B'nai B'rith Women areas. Friends United Meeting Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South Selection of Observers America The Conference leadership deeided ip December Green Thumb' 1979'to-appoint a group of official observers to the Lutheran Church in America Conference in addition to the voting delegates. ThisNational Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dis- decision arose from budget limitations-in paying orders Association the expenses of delegates and the impracticality a National Association of the Deaf allowing full participation to large numbers of indi-National Council of Catholic Women viduals in a threeTand-a-half7day national meeting. National Council of Churches of Christ in the The "observer concept" for the 1981 White House U.S.A. Conference on Aging differed from the "alternate National Council of Jewish Women concept" of other White-House Conferences. Un- National Farmers Union like alternates, theObservers played an indirect roleNational Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses in formulating the recommendations of the na- National Jewish Welfare Board tional meeting by participating under procedural National League for Nursing rules in formal discussions, and influenced the Salvation Army oting delegates through informal discussions and self Help for the Hard of Hearing meetings prior to the national meeting. Observers United Methodist Church,Board of Discipleship received official credential letters, committee assignments, and background materials similar to Characteristics of Obseryers 4 those provided the delegates. They were given as- Nearly 53 percent of the observers were women, 14 sistance, if desire4....in making lodging and travel percent listed themselves asmembers of minority arrangements, were registered at the national groups, and 11.5 percent were from rural areas. meeting, but received no financial assistance from the naticznal office. International Participation International interest in gerontology grew during Gubernatorial Observers the 1970s, so that by the end of 1981' there were Governors, who were invited to select the same about 20 national gerontological institutes in number of observers as delegates, provided 1,000 member nations of the World Health Organization. observers. No criteria were established for the 111\1978 the General Assembly of the United Na- gubernatorial observers. tions authorized a World Assembly on Aging to be held in 1982. Membeis of Congress, led by Senator Executive Branch Observers Frank Church and Representative Clande Pepper, The Secretary of Health and Human Services ap- had introduced resolutions in 1977 asking the Presi- pointed 75 observers, the Executive Director of the dent to have the U.S. delegation to the United Na- Conference appointed approximately 50, and the tions work with other U.N. delegations to prOclaim Public Liaison Office of the White House ap: both a World Year on Aging and a World pointed 20. Assembly on Aging in,1982. While the efforts to

30 32 vr. 14 - kt. -C"11 - , ( so:\ =1, ,

4 ,;..r initi.tak t ;.411 ;l4rflk, r' , - .;.: , t'111t4t1",, Pro , t4. ' et,' ,.. ""4 , declare a World Year on Aging were unsuccessful, Background Materials for Delegates and the World Assembly has been scheduled for July 26Observers August 6, 1982, in Vienna, Austria. This authori- Delegates and observers receivegl the following zation prov ided additional incentive for the White background information from the Conference of- House Conference 9n Aging leadership to plate fice before the national meeting: executive sum- special emphasis on international participation in maries of 15 of the Technical Committee reports; the -498I Conference. the full Technical-Committee report,most relevant The 1981 White Hodse Conference on Aging was to the subject matter of the Conference committee attended by 77 observers representing 46 foreign. to which the individual had been assigned; one.or countries'and the United Nations. These observers, more mini-conference reports related to the com- w hose names and 'affiliations are listed in Appendixmittee assignment; and 10 mini-conference reports I, were selected by a different process from that dealing with issues relevant to the work of all Con-- used for domestic observers.-In late Spring 1981 ference committees (i.e., "cross-cutting" issues the U.S. Department of State, on behalf of The f,ocused on the concerns of the elderly in specific Executiv e Director of the White House Conference groups: low-income, urban, rural, American In- on Aging, inv ited each country hal, ing diplomatic dians and Alaskan Natives, Pacific Islanders and relations with the United States to participate in the Asians, veterans, blacks, Hispanics, and Euro-

Conference by designating an official observer. Americans). . . Forty-one indiv iduals became international Most State units on aging had mailed their State observers through responses to these inv nations. Conference report to their delegates and observers Inv itations were also extended to,the directors of before the national meeting. Additional informa- the 20 national gerontological institutes who would4tion for the participants was available in libraries at be attending a Washington gathering hosted by the the two Conference hotels and included all State National Institute on Aging at the time of the na- Conference reports, full reports,of the Technical tional meeting. Another 15 persons were made in- Committees, all mini-conference reports, technical ternational observ ers because of their unique in- and nontechnical papers on various aging topics terest or professional affiliation in, international, published by the National Institute on Aging, and a gerontology. White House Conference on, Aging chartbook con- The Shoreham Hotel in Washington, D.C., was taining statistical and demographic data on aging in the headquarters for the international observers America. The libraries also provided documents during tire national meeting. Staff support for the prepared by the International Federation on Age- foreign guests was provided through a White ing; Gerontological Society of America; General House Conference on Aging office in the same Accounting Office; U.S. Office of Education Bran- tiotel. _ - ches for Libraries and Adult Education; Federal A special orientation for the international ob-' Couneil on Aging; Travelers Insurance Companies; servers was provided at the time of their registra- National Center for Health Statistics; and Com- tion on November 27, 1981, The Honorable John 'mnnity Services Administration. W. McDonald:Jr., of the Department of State, Ambassador to the 1982 World Assembly on Aging, was Master of Ceremonies at the orientation , briefing. Mrs. Constance D. Armitage, Chairman e / of the 1981 White House Conference on Aging, . welcomed the observers, as did Mrs. Jane Maloney, Chairman of the National Advisory Committee's Subcommittee on International Observers. . Each international observer was assigned to one of the 14 Conference committees and participated in the sessions under the same procedural rules as the American observers. After adjournment of the national meeting in,the afternoon of December 3, 1981, Dr. Robert Butler, Director of sthe National Institute on Aging, .. chaire'd an informal debriefing session for the international observers.

32 3 4 . Other Participation tions were expected, welcome, and consistent with The two years of preparation for the 1981 White the purpose of Whitrb House Conferences. It was House Conference on Aging saW much greater in- individuals, however, who made the difference. volvement on the part of Americans and their insti-The knowledge, concern, and comMitment of an tutions than anyone had anticipated. In many indiViduat participating in a commuhity forum, ways, these "extras" created the spirit of the1981 writing a letter to a member of Congress, or Conference. volunteering to stuff envelopes for a late Friday State units op aging, area agencies on aging, night mailing typifies the spirit of the 1981 White and national aging organizations did, far more than House Conference on Aging. plan, convene, and particiliate in community forums, mini-conferences, and State conferences. They funded surveys, formed carpools, held bake sales, and wrote reporis. State White House Coor- dinators and their staffs and volunteers worked early mornings, late evenings, weekends, and holidays to meet ,deadlines, set up meeting rooms, mail documents, arrange accOmmodations, and . organize press conferences. At the national level, agirfg organizations, other associations, and representatives of the private'sector also did more than serve on Technical and Na- tional Advisory Committees or convene mini-conferences. They wrote, printed, and distributed special publications; donated funds to the Corpora- tion for Older Americarls; sponsored breakfasts to discuss comMittee structure; and conducted conference calls to organize coalitions. Also, Members of Congress and their staffs did far more than nominate delegates and observefs and conduct hearings. Congressional district offices convened community forums.'and distributed Con- ference background documents to constituents. Senators and Representatives gave speeches at State White House Conferences. Hundreds of phone calls and letters were exchanged between members of Congress, their consQuents, and the national office to ensure dissemiation of accurate information abouethe Conference. At the Federal level, the Department of Health and Human-Services as well as other departments and independent agencies participated in a variety of ways. The Interim Departmental Committee, ex: plained earlier in this volume, was the beginning of these efforts. Other cooperation camein the'form of interagency agreementS; loans of staff and equipment; development of special publications; funding of mini-conferences, State conferences, and special studies; and provision of resource staff and speakers for meeting. Not to be forgotten is the valuable service provided by the Media during the period leading up to the national meeting. They ran public service an- nouncements, broadcast panel discussions and interviews, made.special films, and probed the issues. These efforts on the part of our society's institu- ,

Chapter 5.Aging 6pened in prenary session on the morning of Novembei 30, 1981, with the theme, The Aging' THE NATIONAI,Society Challenge and Opportunity. MEETING The Conference Program The national meeting waS held at the Sheraton Washington Hotel and tha Washington Hilton Hotel in Washington, D.C., November 29 - December 3, 1981. Two special meetings were also held for the international observers at their head- . quarters in the Shoreham Hotel. All plenary sessions add 7 of the 14 Conference cornmittees wpre held at the Sheraton Washington, the other 7 Conference committees convened at the Washington Hilton. Both hotels had staff officeg, As we have seen,,the process of the 1981 White press rooms, libraries, first aid centers, and House Conference on Aging began with a societal registration booths. Both hotels were used to mission established for thg Conference under the provide lodging for delegates and observers, and leadership of Patricia R. Harris, Secretary of assignment to.one or.the other usually Health, Education, and Welfare. In the ensuing 24 corresponded with.th.e meeting place of an months, the process itself led to further definition: individual's committee. Shuttle bus service was of the critical social issues to be deliberated on by provided to transport Conference participants' participants in the national meeting. between the three hotels. Beginning with the community forums_and con- The program for the national meeting consisted tinuing through the mini7conferences, Technical of.onening and closing plenary sessions, two-and- Committees, and State Conferences, certain themes one-half days of committee sessions, luncheons began to emerge from the deliberations of hun- with speakers and entertainment, two evening buf- dreds of thousands of participants: fet reCeptions, Tuesday evening dinner/with enter- Under what circumstances is goverhment inter- tainment at both hotels; and a closing banquet. vention in the lives.of the elderly appropriate? The Business of the Conference How can we ensure financial and physical inde- The National Advisory Committee devoted much pendence for the growing numbers of older time and effort during 1981 to considering options Americans? for the national meeting, especially committee structure and rules of procedure. In the process it How can we increase opportunities for the elder- consulted with many groups, including those repre- ly to contriliute to the Nation's productivity? senting the concerns of minorities and women. How can we make our society's institutions moreThese efforts contributed to decisions that provided aware of the opportunities, challenges, and much more individual delegate participation in the responsibilities presented by an aging popula- 1981 Conferencethan in any previous White House tion? Conference on Aging. The official rules'of procedure for the Conference are in Appendix J. Here By the time they arrived inWashington for the na-are some of their major components: tional meeting, many of the delegates and observers had already been involved in the Conference pro- There shall be free debate and voting on all cess for two years in the pre-national meeting ac- issues in the Conference Committees. tivities, and all had been provided with documents Minority points'f view, even those of a small produeed by those activities. Also, Many delegates percentage (10%) a Committee, shall be in- and observers had participated in activities concluded in the Co mittee Reports. vened by national organizations or their State and ocal chapters, other special interest groups, State A vote on all 14 Summary Cbmmittee Reports units on aging, Area Agencies on Aging, or legisla- shall be taken in the final plenary session. tors. And many had receKied position papers or Each delegate and observer shall have an oppor- issues documents through mailings initiated by . tunity, soon after the Conference, toregister per- special interest groups. sonal judgment on every recommendation, sup- It is with this background that the national plemental statement, and additional view from meeting of the 1981 White House Conference on 'every Committee. 34 , . :- The rules of the Conference also provided for a Visitors were admitted to the committee sessions credentials ComMittee, appointed by the Confer- when space was available and were allowed to mix ence Chairman from among members of the Na- with the delegates and observers throughout the na- tibnal Advisory Committee, to resolve disputes tional meeting. Staff of many of the State aging of- er the credentials of any delegate or observer. fices and national organizations attended the na- This committee, chaired by Dr. Forrest Jaines tional meeting to provide support to their official Robinson, met whenever necessary during the na- delegations. tional meeting. Other members of the Credentials Each comnlittee was served by a secretariat con- Committee were G. Richard Ambrosips, Robert P. sisting of a staff director, assistant staff director, Bynum, Jacob Clayman, Agnes Dill, Daniel T. parliamentarian, sergeant-at-arms, resource experts, Gallego, Jane D. Maloney, Marines N. Nikitas and clerical staff, all of whom were appointed by Walter Julian Oldham, and Ellen D. Winston. the Executive Director. The Conference participants Made their delibera- Committee chairmen had the authority and tions in 14 committeeS, each one dealing with a responsibility to ensure that motions presented specific subject area. The committees, which met were germane to the assigned subject area. Where on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday (November appropriate, and in the context of their subject, 30 - December 2), were: all committees were to address the following Committee on Implications for the Economy of an issues of general concern: Aging Population Special needs of minorities Committee on Economic Well-Being Needs of low-income elderly Committee-on Older Americans as a Continuing Differences in urban and rural needs Resource Needs of elderly who'are or will be frail or.dis- Corhmittee on Promotion and Maintenance of abled Wellness - Access to services Committee on Health Care and Services Private and public sector roles Committee on Options for Long-Term Care Sources.and methods of financing services Committee on Family and Community Support Implementation plans for the Committee's Systems recommendations Committee on Housing Alternatives The role of older Americans themselfes in in- fluencing change so as to realize their expecta- Committee on Conditions for Continuing Com- tions munity Participation Committee on Education and Training When each committee met for the first time on Opportunities Monday afternobn, November 30, the first order of Committee on Concerns of Older Women business was two presentations by recognized Committee on Private Sector Roles, Structures, andauthorities in the committee's subject area. Opportunities Any delegate could present recommendations for Committee on Public Sector Roles and consideration by a given committee, and equal Opportunities time was required for pro and con statements on Committee on Researeh motions. Observers were permitted to address a committee, subject to the normal rules of debate Each.delegate and observer was assigned to one ofand as time permitted, but only official delegates the 14 committees for the duration of the national could vote on motions, and a majority vote was meeting. The assignments were made by the Execu-needed to carry a motion as a recommendation. tive Director, -taking into account the following fac-Each Chairman was required to include all tors: the three committee preferences of an individ- supplemental and additional views in the ual, when known; proper representation of women,Committee's report. Supplemental statements minorities,and State residents on all committees; vere defined as representing the views of at and the capacities of meeting rooms. least 20 percent.of a committee's delegates and Identification badges issued to the 2,200 dele- additional views represented at least 10 percent of gates and 1,150 observers at the time of registration the voting members. indicated committee assignments and distinguished The committee chairmen presented the Confer- delegates from observers. Seating in the committee ence Chairman bdth a summary report and a full and plenary session was by delegate or bbFrver report on the recommendations, supplemental 'status. statements, and additional views of their cont.- 36 fr A.- mittees (the reeorts of the 14 committees ar.in Volume 3 of this report). Copies of all summary reports were presented to delegates ano observers at the closing plenary session of the Conference on ' / Thursday, December 3. Under the rules of procedure, the Conference Chairman was required to call for a vote from the delegates on their accep . tance of all reports. The Conference accepted the Suminary Reports at that session. During the.third week of Dedember the full , reports of ali 14 committees were mailed to the , delegates add observers, giving them the opportunity, as set forth in the rules, to register their personal judgments on every recommendation, supplemental statement, and additional view. The dati from this survey are analyzed in Volume 3 of this wir report.

...39 le 37 at* 2 Chapter 6 Oermany this prOportion reaches 13 percent. Thus the "graying of itinericalproceeds at a MAJORgreater pace as the graying of the-rest of the world goes on, too. ADDRESSES OF Our meeting. here this week is more than propWow. It is crucial and it is urgent. Our.mission in the next several days is to address THE 1981 issues of significance to this age group. Our goal is to focus on issues of concern to those CONFERENCEover 60. Our aim is to identify and outline ways 'in which the quality of life for this important segment of old-population can be enhanced and improved. This is no small task, as you and I know. For Welcoming speeches to the deleg tes and observers unfortunately we tend to be a Nation'that were presented by Chairman Constance D. glorifies youth at the expense of "forgetfulness'' Armitage, Department of Health and, Human about the vast resources of our older, more Services Secretary Richard S. Schweiker, Senator experienced inclividuals.-We mist seek here to John Heinz, Representative Claude Pepper alter this national'attitude, for if we do not ' Senator Lawton Chiles, Representative Ma hew count in the minds and hearts of our country we J. Rinaldo, and Dorcas R. Hardy, Assistazit will not be counted in this Nation's social policy Secretary for Human Development Services. The and planning. keYnote address was delivered by Lennie-Marie Ameiicans must be reminded that its people P. Toliver, Commissioner on Aging. On December are its greatest national resources and that the' 1, the second day of the Conference, President worth and value of that resourde knows no age .Ronald Reagan and Vice President George Bush or time boundaries. As Fernando de Rojas would spoke to the participants. The full texts of these remind us: "No one is so old he cannot live addresses are presented beldw. another year. We have before-us one of.those very sacred Address by Constance D; Armitage, Chairman of opportunities afforded us by our very the 1981 White House Conference on Aging democracy the right to assemble and to Welcome to the Third Decennial White House speak on the issues that concerz us. Ihope that Conference on Aging!_We-meet at a time in,our you view your participation as a sacred trust Nation's history whenbne of every nine Americans and that you will contribute in kind. is 65 and over atime when older Americans ' While your participation is important and valuable, are increasfng at a more rapidAate than ever I hope it does-hot end here. For you have much to before. contribute_beyond this conferenceboth as a citizen Since 1900 the number of older persons has and as an older American. increased eight times from 3 million to more Facing\us all is a full .a.genda. It is your task than 24 million. Today this population represents /to help us find ways to provide necessary 11.2 percent of our total nu rs. Each day this services and opportunities for our olderciti> group grows by an additiona,600 persons..By at a time when our economic resources must be the year 2000 less than two decades from wisely used. We must find new and better ways now oldr citizens will represent 32 percent for older Americans to utilize their experience of our national population. and wisdom to assure theim-lives of happiness, This demographic pattern towards an older dignity, and fulfillnient.. population transcends national borders as the We live in an era when rnillions of our older number of older persons will increase worldwide citizens have chosen to remain active and in the next two decades. In developing countries productive. Some, though retired, have learned the number of older. persons will almost double by new skills and are engaged in second careers the; year 2000. and even in third careers. Many, many more Higher proportions of older liersons can be 'are making their contributions through various found in the more industrialized nations of the kinds of volunteer effort. As we strive.to meet world. Japan, for example, has an older our current national economic challenges, these population of 8 percent. In Sweden and West volunteer effofts,*ill become even more important. '38 , 4 0 c

Your contributions in this arenwbecome even more crucia14How we harnessthese magnificent resources and,this tremendous human vitality is 'equally pressing. While we strive.to ensure that vigorous,older Americans will have the opportunity to remain active wp must keep in mind Psalm 71:9: Cast me not off in the time of old age; Forsake me not when my strength faileth. We-m6st never forget the plight of those who are ill or infirm. We must be concerned with programs lhat aid those elderly citizens who are in need and see to it that our economy will remain strong enough to suppoit them. At the same time we must not ignore the area of health and health-related social research: Just as important, we must identify the social mod'els for the elderly that work, and seek to. share them with those who are struggling through their later years less successfullyi 'he questions We seek answer's to are many. How should the "graying of America" affect our families, our economy, our educational . system,.our work force? How can we dnhance tlie,extra yearS of,life bestowed'on us? How can we tap the experience and skills of this newly vital segment of our society? In short, how, indeed can we add glitter to those golden years? These are but a few of the crucial questions, we will be discussing this Week. I seek your . cooperation in working constructively in developing some, of thp potential answers to these issues as we meet on theimportant subject of, The Aging Society: Challenge and Opportunity!

Address by Richard S. Schweiker, Secretary of Health and Human Services It's a pleasure to address.the opening session of , this historic 1981 White, House Conference on Aging. First of all, I would like to thank you, the delegates and observers to this Conference, for giving of yogrtime to help develop national policies to improve the quality of life for our Nation's growing population of older Americans. flope I can help set a positive, constructive tone for your 'work. Before j_begin, some other thanks are in order. Many peoPle have worked'hard to bring about the success Of this Conference. I want to take a moment to thank Connie Armitage, the Conference Chairman and Chairman of the National,Mvisory Committee. I Also want to thank Da lie Rust, who served as Exectitive Director until October 2, when

39 0) 41, , . 4 , S.

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4 proMoted hith tcl the position of D:eputy.CoMmis- sioner on Aging, and Betty Brake, vOlo took,over as Executive Director and worked jneAhaustibly during the last hectic weeks of conferen'ce planning. I commend and thank the State Cpordinalort for their dedicated efforts in organizing the State Con- ferences and in helping prepare for,this Confer- enCe. t I'd like to thank the 54 ilistingnishedAmerjcans on the National Advisory Committee, who gave go generously'Of their time in planning this Confer-, trice. Several members deserve'special thanks for taking time to meet with me recently. These include J. Glenn.Beall, a former, colleague of mine in the U.S. Senate; Arthur Fleinming, a former Secretary of niy Depattment; Dr. Ellen Winston, President of the National Council on the Aging; and Jacob Clayrnan.of the Kgtional Council of Senior Citi- zens, whom I came to know well during my service in Congress,.when he was a top assistankto the late AFL-CIO President George Meany. Special thankg are also due to the Honorary Co- Chairmen that I appointed: John Heinz and Lawton Chiles from the Senate Aging,Conimittee, and Claude Pepper and Ivlatt Rinaldo from the. House Aging Committee. Their strong interest and support have beehn positive force for a construt- tive conference. The 1981 White4louse Conference on Aging couldn't,be more timely. Medical, stientific, and social advances have, blested our people With longer, healthier lives. Older persons are the fastest-growing segment of our population. As America grows older, we require nothing less than a rethinking of attitudes. . ' You can build a strategy this week, not only for coping with aging problems, but also for taking advantage of the promise inherent.in the world's growing elderly population. I say "promise" he- cause what we seek is not just longer lives, but fuller development Of a priceless resource our older citizens.. As a society, we must seek better use of this rich' resource. No energy source, no tool, no economic asset can equal the potential strength of our older citizens. If modern society ignores or shunts aside this valuable resource, it will do so at its own perjl, and to its own loss. For years, it's been common for historians to describe our world as "coming of age" in one sense or another. We've come ef age in technology. We've come of agein medicine*.-We've come of age in politics. A gathering like this today shows that the physical "coming of age" of our population is now ' 40 being recognized ror vhat it is a watershecri`a 'As head of tile U.S. Government's "People De- our Nation's histoiy,,, ' partment," I know how profoundly thisaging In the %wino come, you'll recommend national trend will affect the Nation in coming years. I policies to deal with what may be the most pro- realize questions must be answered: found.sociological trend of thecoming years the How will it affect job opportunities and our con- "sraying"bf America. sumer marketing system? How will it affect.educa- It's a tremendons job. But how often do you get tion and government. How will our health care in- a chance to help write American history? Millions stitutions handle tremendously increased demand ol Americans are counting on you, for good ideas for services? and answers, How can we change the very definition of A 'quick review of the'facts giv,es us a good per- "elderly," as the entire population grows older? 'ipectivi,on the importance of your challenge in de- Flow can we enhance the dtla decades of life bunking the old myths about aging and developing Americans will be living? llow can we learn more a new strategy. , about the aging process itself? Here in the United States, we've been infatuated Most important of all, how can we tap the skill with youth for so long that even today some peo- and experience of ourolder citizens so they'll serve ple, especially in other nations, think of us as being as an even more prOductive force in oursociety? a perpetually young society. After all, we enjoy t know all of us share the belief that wecanfind dazzling conveniences, we work hard, we play bold new ideas and bold new answers. We need not hard. Our Nation has a restless young pioneer fear the aging trend. tradition. Our young peoPle set worldwide stand- As I look at the issues, my own starting point is ards for what's "in" and what's popular. the idea that older Americans have a great self- Myths about aging are all too common. A new pride, that the9 far prefer independence when given Harris Poll.released two weeks ago suggests that a chance. This philosophy of independence,for ex- older Americans, are far more resilient and able tO ample,.underlies our goal of helping the elderly stay independent than many peoplerealize. avoid unnecessary institutionalization. Newly- Although the United States is more thadtwo passed legislation now lets the States seek Medicaid centuries old, it was only when we turned the cor- waivers for cost-effective home and community- ner into the 20th century that America began to based long-term care services, like home health and "gray." It took a while for it to become evident, adult day care, instead of 'institutional care. because so many exciting technological break- The Department of Health and'Humari Services throughs were happening plat almost seemed to is also conducting research in several States to com- contradict the aging proCess. pare the cost of home and community care with During the horsi-ancl;buggy days there were nursing home care. We're.trying to find the most fewer than 5 million older Americans. A husband effective ways of providingservicesto the-frail 'and wife could expect that oneof them would pro- elderly at home. We want to encourage the bably die before their last child left home. The development of a mix of long-term care services, So graying, of America was the last thing on anybody's that those who need care obtain it in the most ap- mind. How cOuld it be otherwise, when average life propriate setting. expectancy was a mere 47 years? I might add that one positive force making inde- As a nation, the United States is now into its pendence a reality for many elderly since 1965 has first full generation of older people. Our once- been the Older Americans Act. By providing serv- small number of 5 million older Americans has ex- ices like transportation, meals, counseling, and ploded to 34 million. A husband and wife at age 60 home health care, the Act has allowed many older today can fully expect to spend their next 17 years Americans to live richer, happier lives in their local together. communities. This Administration believes it Just last year another milestone was reached. For should be continued and improved, so we're sup- the first time, Americans over 60 surpassed in porting reauthorization of the Older Americans numbers those in two other age groups children Act. 10 andunder, and youngsters between 11 and 19. Another source of independence for older Ameri- The graying of America is going to accelerate. cans is retirement security. We believe thestarting By the year 2035k algiough the general population point here must be reducing inflatibn. Inflation is will have grown by only 35 percent, persons over cruelest to the elderly on limited and fiXtd incomes; 65 will grow by 119 percent more than double. President Reagan's economic recovery prpgram Persons over 85 will grow by 206 percent more seeks to reduce the menace of inflation. than triple. Income security for the elderly is a basic commit- 41 ment American society made nearly a half century volved a scientific sample of more than 7,000 adult ago. There were a lot fewer older persons then, andmen and women. a lot more workers to support each retiree. Today, The study showed that by observing a few simple 36 Million Americans receive monthly Social health practices not smoking, using alcohol only Security benefits. Nearly $11 billion in benefits are in moderation, eating breakfast and a proper diet, 'paid every month. . maintaining proper weight and getting the right Over the past decade the basic Social Security amount of sleep and exercising regularly .= a system has faced growing financial difficulties, and 45-year-old man can expect to live 10 or 11.years the graying of America will put an increasing longer than one who doesn't make these choices. burden on the system's ability to pay. Women who observe fliese same health practices This Administration believes we must safeguard can expect to live 7 years longer. the system Mr present and future retirees. Toward The point is what we do for ourselves and to that end, President Reagan recently proposed the ourselves can be a powerful influence on our health creation of a bipartisan panel to look for ways of how long we live and how happy those extra saving Social Security and keeping it strong. It's years are. our hope that a bipartisan spirit of cooperation will Unfortunately, some other Americans have been prey ail in this critical issue, and that together we'll given the impression that their health is at the mer- find the best way of preserving Social Security. cy of biology or solely in the hands of their doctor. As we seek a firm foundation for retirement Many believe their health destiny is beyond their planning, we can be heartened by recent tax control. That needn't,be the case. changes that will make it easier for Americans Historically, we've focused on acute health care themselves to plan and save for their later years. treating people after they get sick. But now at For example, we've raised the tax exclusion HHS we're focusing on prevention of illness a available to people over age 55 who sell their priority of mine for many years as a legislator.

homes, and we've made it possible, starting Jan- We've developed a preventive health servicq block , uary 1, for individuals,to make deductible contri- grant. We're initiating prevention-oriented training butions to individual retirement accounts, even if programs for health professionals. We're encourag- they also belong to employer-sponsored plans. ing the food industry to continue improving con- In addition, we'v e reformed the estate tax law so sumer labeling of food content so people can regu- that a spouse can now pass along a home to the late their consumption of various ingredients, such surviving spouse without a tax penalty. This will beas sodium, which can affect their blood pressure a big help, especially to many older women. and their health. And we're stepping up our health Now let me turn to an area /hat probably has promotion media education efforts. more influence on the quality of life Cor_plder Wellness can be as obvious as calisthenics, as Americans than any other health policy. simple as walking, or as easy as eating a. proper As you've all seen, Americans are in the middle diet. The benefits aren't limited to the young. of a fitness explosion so big it was even the subject We're going to make the '80s a decade when of a TimeCONer story. We have a golden opportun-achieving v`vellness becomes as important as treating ity to Ouild on this encouraging trend by focusing sickness. At the same time we're going to find ways our efforts where they'll do the most good, namely of controlling health care cost6, which have risen on preventive health "wellness" for the faster than inflation for years.. We're looking at elderly. A lot of public education is needed. Good ways to encourage competition in health care, to health fitness is not an exclusive possession give consumers more choice and keep costs down. of youth. 3. Finally, let me say a word about volunteerism Research has found that many killing and crip- and the private sector. Last month, President pling diseases like heart attack, stroke, and kidney Reagan made an eloquent appeal to redouble the and bone diseases can be prevented by personal ef- volunteer spirit that's been part of American tradi- forts without any massive infusion of Federal fundstion since pioneer days. or new scientific breakthroughs. We know that elderly citizens can benefit from 'In fact, studies show that most people make dai- such a resurgence of volunteerism; many elderly ly decisions that influence their health and vitality Americans have been participating in it for years. more than all of 20th century medicine. One of theIn local communities across America, older citizens most renowned studies was conducted by Dr. are active in a host of familiar programs, like Lester Breslow of UCLA. It took place in AlamedaFoster Grandparents or Neighborhood Watch pro- County, California, lasted some 10 years, and in- grams to rsduce crime. These efforts are efficient

42 4 4 and sensitive to local needs. As many of you know from perSonal experience, volunteerism works. The private sect& can be a driving force in finding new, imaginative ways to serve older Ameri- cans and to use the talents of older Americans. The same forward thinking that's creating employee wellness programs at the workplace can also come up with other new ways of 'keeping older workers and retirees as useful, valued producers, according to their abilities, not their years. In other words, chances for progress are as great outside government as in. During the next few days you'll talk about these and a host of other issues that would take all day just to list. You'll not take a fearful attitude, as if growing older were a curse. Nor will you take a patronizing attitude, as if growing older were a condition to be looked down upon. This Confer- ence can set a positive example for millions of your fellow Americans, old and young alike. Last Thursday we celebrated Thanksgiving a uniquely American holiday. On its face, it was a day of thanks for our Nation's extraordinary boun- ty. But underneath it was also a warm, very human celebration of the familjrand generational ties that bind us to our loved ones. At times like Thanksgiving, age labels melt away. Across the dinner table, we see not members of an age class, but fathers and mothers, grandparents, familjelnembers, close friends. At times like that, we're instinctively reminded that none of us stands apart from the current of dine. We can relearn compassion on such occasions. The dignity that should be a natural part of aging can become more real at such times. Let's proceed today in that sPirit. When all is said and done, mikh of the trial of old age comes down to older people's struggie.to maintain their dignity. Let's do what we can to safeguard that ^ human dignity. Progress can no longer be-measured merely by adding years to the human lifespan. We've already done that. Longer lives alone can't bring dignity, or security, or happiness to human beings. With. t yourhelp, we'll measure our future progress by howAvell we addto the quality of life within that longer lifespan. 4. Together, lef's build that quality of life at this. Whhe House Conference. Thank you very much:

Address by U.S. Senator JOhn Heinz It is a privilege to share this podium with not one, but two former colleagues, Dick Schweiker and. Claude Pepper. And it is a high honor indeed to address this great Conference. The 1981 White 4 5 43 House Conference on Aging couid not convene at athe population will be shifting dramatically over more critical time, and the issues you must address the coming decades; The financial difficulties are far more difficult than those that confronted Social Security faces in the future are a direct result your predecessor Conferences. of the expected larger percentage of older persons The 1961 and 1971 White Houk Conferences on in our population. But the aging of our population Aging produced dramatic change on behalf of our alone does not define the challenge. First, we must elderly. The 1961 Conference.addressed urgent understand the implications of these changes for basic needs and resulted in the creation of two ma- our continuea economic well-being. jor programs to improve health care for older men Our standard of living is the-product of the and women. Today, 95 out of every 100 older number of people in the work force times what the Americans benefit from Medicare and some 4 economists call "productivity" or "output per million older people with low incomes benefit from man-hour," divided by our population. Medicaid: The population of the United States is expected The 1971 Conference looked beyond basic sur- to increase 15 million this decade and 10 million in v hal needs and urged services to strengthen,the in- the 1990s. So the only way we can maintain or independence of older people in the home and corn- crease our standard of living, without un- , munity. The result was the Older Americans Act precedented increases in productivity, is to continue Amendments of 1973, vastly strengthening services, to increase the size of our work fore.. The largest and the addition of Title XX services to the Social single group of people in our work force, com- Security Act. In vesting virtually all service delivery prising about 70 percent of those with jobs, are responsibilitieswith States and local government, those who are 44 years of age or younger. the initiatives sfg the 1971 Conference were years The strikidg fact is that by the end of this ahead of their time. decade,.that group will stop growing and actually These Conferences literally pioneered public start declining in numbers. policy, for older Americans. You are expected to 'What that means is that we, as a nation, will chart no less ambitious a course, but you are here continue to grow and prosper only if able-bodied,' in much more difficult circumstances. healthy Americans who today are in their late 40s 1961 and 1971 were times of economic plenty. or' 50s or even early 60s have the oPportunity and Inflation was minimal. The labor force was grow- incentive to work and to fully and freely participate ing and better paid each year. Productivity was in- in our society. creasing at 3 p6rcent annually. The American I suggest, therefore, that the ability of this Con- standard of living was increasing each and'every ference to promote the greatest- use of the talents, year. And it was politically popular, as well as skills, and experience of this future group of older morally right, to ensure that everj, American persons will be vital to our Nation's, continued received a reasonable share of that real economic standard-of living and our efforts to maintain growth. and improve upon all we have tried to do fpr peo- Today we face a more hostile world. We have ple. experienced no real growth for the last five years. The Special Committee on Aging has made a We have just experienced for the third time in the particular effort to examine the full implications of last two years interest rates of over 20 percent, withthis significant change in many critical areas of all the unemployment and hardship that this im- public policy affecting the elderly. As Chairmap of plies. And we are in the midst of a deep recession., the Special Committee, I have directed our efforts And yet today, as this White House Conference into three areas that I believe will be of special in- on'Aging begins, I want to suggest to you that this terest to this Conference. Conference perhaps holds the key to both the First and foremost is economic security. When material and spiritual revitalization of America. we speak of self-fulfillment or increasing areas of I believe you will agree that the central challenge ehoice for the elderly in the future, we cannot to this Conference is not just to ensure economic forget the role economic security plays id making security or adequate health care or services im- choice possible. Through Social Security, we have portant as these are but to recommend and em- established a solid fotmdation for young and old brace policies designed to endow older men and alike to achieve economic, security in their later women with more genuine opportunities for self- years. To assure these choices remain in the future, fulfillment. the im,portant role of Social Security must be main- Let me explain why I believe that meeting this tained. Challenge is the key to realizing a better America. In the short run, Social Security has encountered Everyone here is aware that the age distribution of financing difficulty because the economy has failed 44 46' to continue growing. In the long run, amounting vides the incentive for the efficient delivery of only deficit is expected because Social Security will have quality health care. to support a higher proportion of retired persons One way to do this is by permitting Medicare to on a smaller base of contributing workers. pay the cost of enrollment in healthmaintenance I suggest that this Conference must be willing to organizatiops and other prepaid health plans that face squarely all serious proposals for a solution. offer the same or better benefits as Medicare, but According to the conventional wisdom, there are at no more or lower costs. three basic options nbne necessarily exclusive of The other major health care issue" of the futuie the others but nonetheless only three: increase we must address is long-term care. Publicand payroll taxes, reduce benefits, or finance the deficitprivate spending on long-term care was $10 billion through general revenues. None of these options is in 1975 and rose to nearly $21 billion in 1980. It is popular. expected to double again by 1985. For example, some suggest financing the OASI In part, our present reimbursement policies deficit out of general revenues. But the problem is under Medicaid have produced a system that too that we have no surplus of general revenues, only often results in institutional placement that is un- deficits. Sadly, we have had budget deficits in each. necessary, expensive, and isOlates people fromtheir of the last 12 years and in 23 of the past 25 years. families and communities. And the-future outlook is no better. Any proposal As this Conference examines more suitable along these lines must take these realities into ac- delivery systems for continued care of the elderly in count. their homes, I hope you will look carefully at what We need to look beyond the conventional we call "Title XXI," the proposed legislation to wisdom for new and better ideas. amend the Social Security Act to open up new op- For example, a different approach to controlling tions in long-term care. Social Security costs is the Social Security Option I also hope you will give consideration to some- Account, where all workers would continue to pay thing I favor, namely, providing tax credits to Social Security 'taxes but those who chose to reduce'families who care for chronically ill members at their future Social Security benefits could contri- home. bute a portion of their wages to an IRA-type of Our health care system needs restructuring to Social Security Option Account. The result would provide alternatives and choices. It must become be less future payments, the same revenues, and a more responsive to the unique needs of our exb- fiscally sounder. trust fund. panding older population. Restraining spiralling Therc.may undoubtedly be other and better op- costs will help end the threat to the future of these tions. We look to the wisdom of this Conference toimportant programs and begin a new chapter of make the kind of recommendations that will help hope for older Americans. us restore fiscal stability andconfidence in the The third major issue is the need to expand Social Security system. employment opportunities for older people. As I The second issue of major concern is health care.mentioned earlier, our failure to do so will not only Despite the vast improvements that have resulted jeopardize the financial underpinnings of the Social from Medicare and Medicaid, many elderly people Security system, but strikes at our standard of cannot afford the care they require or they are living and our way of life. unable to obtain the level of care they need. The Part of the problem is that we 'are plagued by health care system must be reformed R.) make it barriers that discourage and deny older men and more responsive and less costly. women the opportunity to continue working,such We must deal more creatively with the problem as age discrimination, mandatoryretirement, and of cost. The cost of Medicare is doubling every inflexible employment practices. four years, not because older people are getting We must strengthen our resolve to shatter these more care or better care, but because theprice of barriers. We must alter negative attitudes. And we the same care has risen dramatically. Some people must provide increased incentives forcontinued suggest that the.way to hold down health care costsemployment of those who today would normally is to simply ask the elderly' to pay a larger.and ,retire. larger, share of the cost. Such simplistic saggestions We have witnessed the success of the Senior will do nothing to halt the runaway inflation in Community Services Employment Project under health care but will penalize the poorest and shouldthe Older Americans Act. We must move that suc- be rejected. Instead, we need to find effective cessful concept into the private sector, as well. means to thoroughly reform the health care,system Business, large and small, must be educated to see in a way that improves consumer choice and pro- older workers for the valuable,resource they are. 11 45 They must be encouraged to expand options for . older workers, including second career and retraining programs, job sharing, and part-time and flexitime work schedules. Finally, we must provide incentives to employees to continue to work. For example, the SoCial Security earnings limitation, as it stands today, represents an unfair and needless deterrent to older wOrkers. Another incentive would be to sub-' stantially increase the "delayed refitment credit"- bY, say, doubling it to around 6 percent. In sum, what I urge you to emphasize are strategies of choice, opportunity, and self-fulfillment that will empower older Americans to act on their own behalf. Our society needs the talents, skills, and experience that older Americans want to contribute. To ignore this is to impoverish our- - selves, young and old alike. At the same time, we must make a commitment tO an equally difficult task. That is to destroy the stereotype that older people are somehow a burden- some, dependent, unproductive segment .of our society. e, How did, we, as a Nation, allow this stereotype to develop? In the world of work, we have pro- pagated the myth based on early retirement plans designed to make way for younger workers, and thereby fostered a view of all Americans, as they approach 60 or 65, as nonproductive and not useful. In the home, our increased mobility has divided families geographically, too often leaving older persons isolated and viewed as a burden rather than an integral and valuable part of an extended family. And, in the political arena, I believe there are too many politicians who want the elderly to feel

dependent on their largesse. , To be honest about it my fear is that too many of Our older people have accepted and internalized ..1 these attitudes. More than 150 years ago, Daniel Webster said: Let us develop the resources of our land, call forth its powers, build up its institutions, promdte all its greatest interests, and see whether We may also, in our day and generation, perform something worthy to be remembered. I believe this Conference has the opportunity to., perform something worthy to bg remembered. I believe that now is the time, once and for all, to shatter the hideous ancl debilitating stereotype of ageism. that creeps into everY facet of our lives. In your collective efforts at this great Confer- ence, I urge you to give particular emphasis to

46 altering this attitude. For it is the perpetuation of that big, beautiful suite with a wonderful view. tbis myth that has denied older Americans a mean- Well, it burned him up. All his religious fervor ingful role in contributing to the greatness of this turned into moral indignation and he rushed down_ Nation. And has denied to this Nation, a rich and looking for St. Peter, and he said, "Listen, St. irreplaceable human.resource. Peter, I hate to start my career here in Heaven The dreams and aspirations of older Americans complaining about my accommodations, but you have been and continue to be those of our country. just haven't treated me right. I spent nearly all my It is the great challenge to this Conference to trans- life down on earth working for the Lord and the late those hoees into a national agenda. Church. Now I come up here and you give me a It is my hope that when the next White House cubby hole and you give that Congressman a big Conference on Aging convenes in 1991, the partici- beautiful suite. That just isn't fair." pants will see the 1980s as a decade of decisive ac- St. Peter tapped the Bishop on theshoulder and tion that enabled older Americans to realize and said, "Bishop, don't feel that way about it. You claim their full measure of America's dream. know there are Bishops all over Heaven, but that's the first Congressman we've ever had!" Address by U.S. Representative Claude Pepper It's great to look out over this wonderful Madam Chairwoman, distinguished guests, my audience and see all of you wonderful people come friends and fellow Americans: I am very grateful tohere together from all over America to talk about a you, Mrs. Armitage, for your kind words ofintro- longer, healthier, and happier life for our fellow duction and especially grateful for the privilege of citizens who have had God's hlessings to enjoy a sharing the exhilaration of this occasion with all of longer life. There are all sorts of things that we are you. I am very happy to be able to sharethe occa- interested in: housing, nutrition, transportation, sion with my distinguished colleaguein the Con- recreatioh, and others that you are familiar with. I gress and friend, Senator Heinz..He was a want to speak about three aspects of livingthat' are dedicated and distinguished member of the House a matter of concern for us all. Select Committee on Aging. We like to think that Now, I'm not able to claim fellowship with you we gave him good trainingibver there for the I'm only 81 -7- but I might get old sometime, leadership he has in the Senate on the Aging Com- and if I do, I'll try' to read up on the subject and mittee. He is doing a very fine job on that com- be a little familiar with it. - ,parable committee in the Senate. Some people call First,is what I call the right to live and the right it the Upper House; we in the House call it the to wo& You remember when the Lord gavethe -"Other House." Ten Commandments to Moses on Mt. Sinai, one of I heard a story one time about a Congressman the Commandments, the fifth one I believe, was and a Bishop who went to Heaven at the same "Honor thy father and thy mother." I think He time. They arrived at thePearly Gates and St. was talking about the elderly of theland. And He Peter met them and said, "Gentlemen, come in andnot only said "Honor thy father and thymother," I will show where you will live here." Shortly he there was an implied promise of blessing tothose opened.a door.and said to the Bishop, "Mr who did, for the remainder of the Fifth Amend- Bishop, this is,where you will live." The Bishop ment, ah, Commandment (laughter), reads walked in and noticed it was a small room with no We're often more familiar with the Fifth Amend- view, but he thought that was what everyone was ment' than we are with the Fifth Commandment -- supposed to have and he thanked St. Peter. St. the promise was that "thy days may' be long upon Peter said to the Congressman, `.`Mr. Congress- the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." man, you cOme on'doWn a littlefurther." He And yet what happened? Up until 1978, when we opened another door and he said, "This is whet.; in the Congress proposed and the President signed you will live," The Congressman wall$edin, and it the legislation forbidding mandatory retirement for was a spacious, beautiful suite with alovely view. those employed in the Federal service at any age "Why," he said, "thank you so much St. Peter, I and for non-Federal employees under 70 (except in am very grateful to .you." a few instances), it Was the practiceall over Meanwhile the Bishop had become a little America to throw a man or woman but of employ- suspicious as to whether or not St. Peter wasgoing ment at the age of 65 for some imaginary reason. to give any preference to the Congressmanin ac- Nobody ever explained exactly why. commodations. So at the first opportunity the In the Rose Garden, when President Carter Bishopslipped up and peeped in the signed our bill, he asked me to say something.,I Congressman's suite, and lo apd behold, he saw said,' "Mr. President, today is a day of exhilaration

, for millions of our fellow Americans, for Security benefit and earn all you want without any henceforth on account of this legislation, when the reduction in that benefit. But if you aren't able to Lord blesses a man or woman with a 65th birth- do that, you'll be able to share your job with day, it will not be the death day of their working somebody else so you can take it a little easier and

lives," engage yourself in other things. . Now, what we are striving toward, and what I Another thing of vital concern to the elderly peo- hope will be the judgment of this great Conference,ple of this country, of course, is their health and is to eliminate altogether any kind of a ceiling on the medical care to sustain it. You remember the age as the criteriion of employment. Ageism, we 1961 White House Conference on Aging produced say, is just as odious as sexism or racism, both of Medicare, and the :71 Conference produced what which have been outlawed by thisland. 400 we know today as the Older Americans Act. Mean- Chronological age has nothing to do with an. in- ingful contributions. We hope and-pray that this dividual's abilities. I have often recalled one of the great Conference will go even beyond those accom- most graphic examples I know of. You saw in the plishments and produce something even more paper a year or two ago the story of a lovely little meaningful to the elderly people of America.- I girl, five years old, who was dying of old age. She hope God will bless you to accomplish that. waS aging at the rate of about 12 or 14 years every Medicaid and Medicare are so meaningful to so 12 months. The mechanics of her body were many of our fellow citizens, yet Medicare, as you somehow out of adjustment and the aging process know, pays only 38 percent of one's medical bills. was unduly accelerated. So, some people get older So it seems to me we can't afford to talk seriously at a younger age while others remain vigorous and about cutting the benefits of Medicare or Medicaid. useful at an older age. It is just like the color of I think they are needed by the people of this land. the eyes or the color of the hair. Age has nothing I would much prefer that you exercise your in- to do with it. genuity and your common sense to come up with We need to have employment for the elderly peo-some proposal that will make it possible for every ple of this country. We had before our Committee American man, woman, and child people of all recently some of the outstanding business ex- ages to get the medical care they need and , ecutives of the Nation. And they told us how, mareshould have. and more, they were beginning to keep their elderly I'm not wedded to any particular formula or employees because of their confidence in/them, plan. At the end of this year, I'll have been in the because of their proven ability, because of their Congress 33 years. I've seen many different plans responsibility, and because of their punctuality. tried, and many I married have failed. I'm not And they told us further that by the 1990s the col- wedded to any plan, but all I want to see is the leges and universities are not going to be turning American people, within their needs and without out enough technicians to man the industry of being financially ruined, able to get the medical America. More and more, they were going to have care that their bodies require to sustain life and to cOunt on the retention orthe elderly of great health. skill that they already have, the people with a Down in my county of Dade, in Miami, some of proven rsord. . the clinics there are-developing a program that may Furthettore, we all know what ageism does to or may not have some national meaning or oppor- the individual. I was 61 years old when I was tunity. The government is allowing the'se health elected to the House in 1962. My birthday is maintenance organizations, which are providing September. I am morally certain that if I had been general care to clients under Medicare, to have denied the privilege of work, of engaging in those services paid for by Medicare. In addition, challenging activities, of having the sense of trying the HMOs are allowed to solicit the Medicare to do something meaningful with my time and for 'population to pay another five or ten dollars a my people, I would have been gone long ago. month, which eliminates deductibles and the need So we know it.is not only good for Ame'rica, it is-for co-insurance, and allows the clients to get com- good for the individual to have tfie privilege of prehensive care in the HMO's hospital. It may have 'continuing to work as long as he desires to. It has merit. I hope it may at least,be a demonstration two advantages: one,.there can be an arrangement project of some worth to those concerned about where you'll derive your whole Social Security ben;that subject. efit without any reduction if you work. The Presi- America is too rich, too compassionate, to allow dent in hjs campaign proposed that. I hope he will any man, Woman, or child to go to an untimely be proposing it to Congress at an early day, so grave or be denied g'ood health because-this when you Come tO be 65 you can get your Social marvelous medical and,hpspital system we possess 48 is not financially available to them. And I hope over 100. So, if we can just wait awhile,they won't you will try to find some way that maybe ac- be around to burden us. complished. Now my good colleagues in the Senate are say- The third thing I want to talk about is Social ing, "Let's go on covering those who are now Security, one of the greatest institutions in covered, but not those who would be eligible in the America. One 'hundred and fifteen million people future." And they want to put a cap that would pay regularly intoSocial Security, and every month cause families with more than one child to Io'Se more than $122 a month. And they want to tax 36 million people get a Social Security check. There 1, illness. Our posi- are 95 million Americans eligible fordisability in- some of the income you get frOm surance. As a matter of fact, I heard Mr. BobBall, tion in the House, and I think it's the right posi; a warm friend and colleague of Dr. Flemminghere,tion, is that we simply restore the $122 a month who has been Commissioner of Social Security minimum. It's going to run out anyway in a under Democratic and Republican Administrations, relatively short time, but the people who have been say recently that Social Security saves atleast 12 eligible will be entitled to continue receiving that million Americans from being in poverty and being benefit. on welfare. Now you say, "Well, what can we do?" We Twenty-eight percent of the people who receive understand that the Old Age and Survivors In- Social Security benefits have no other source of insurance bond is going to be out of money in'82 or come, and despite what they get fromSocial, '83. That does seem probable, although it is due to Security,dne-sixth a little over 16 percent of the changing economic picture, not to the mis- Americans have incomes below the poverty level. handling of Social Security. In 1977, we in the Another group of comparable size lives juit above Congress thought we had zsvided for Social the poverty level. That is the reason I will, to the Security way into the next century, but we didn't utmost of my ability, oppose any effort to cutben- anticipate the changes in the economy, so now we tilts of Social Security. have tO make some other corrections. The average Social Security check is $374 a What we propose' is, first, borrow money from month. That's not a lot of money according to the the disability and MediCare funds, both of which living expenses of today. To reduce that would are part of the same Social Securityfunds derived simply be to reduce the standard of living of those from taxes levied by Congress. Let those funds that already at the bottom of the economic ladder in have a surplus lend money to the Old Age and Sur- America. vivors Insurance for the immediate future. Second, People say, "Well, the Social Security is replenish the loaned funds with general revenues. bankrupt, it is about to collapse." Well, my Lou Harris appeared before us the other day over friends, it is no more about to collapse than the at the House and told us that a poll of the Government of the United States. The other day, American people shows 9,ve.-rwhelthing support for some of the Government pe9ple were senttwine. paying adAitismal-taxesc-if necessary, to Maintain The Government.said it didn't have any money. the integrity and4he present level of Social Securi- Why? Because Congress hadn't appropriated it. ty. The Government would go broke at the end of Mr. Ball,held out one other possibility that to me about 1990 every fiscal year if Congressdidn't appropriate seems very inviting. He says that by more money for it. Congresshas always been the there is goindto be a surplus in the Social Security protector of Social Security. Congress set it up. funds, and that if we bbrrow frOm the-general Congress has maintain& it. And Congress always revenue funds, even in the next two to four years, with in- will maintain it as a solid and sound institution. we can, by the 1990s, pay back that fund Now, you've seen it reported in the media that terest from the surplus that taxes already leviedwill we've already cut some of the benefits. The $250 yield to the Old Age and Survivors Insurance fund. burial allowance has been.cut out. The college Whatever method we pursue, I am appealing for education benefits that were enjoyed by the the masses of American people to whom Social children of people covered by Social Security have Security is a bulwark, a basis of hope that shall not been cut out. And we cut out the $122 a month be taken away or be diminished. In the future this minimum that was to be paid to 31/2 million peo- hope might even become an opportunity to make ple. Well, we in the House restored thatminimum the sysfem better than it is. My friends, what we are concerned about is the 7 payment. Do you know who those peopleare? Those 31/2 million people? Two-thirds of them are overall picture. We want to do all the things that over 70; Omer half a million ofthem are over 80. will make life longer and happier for the older peo- And there must be some Over 90 and perhaps someple of America. We thank God that we have been 49 spared to live in this wonderful country as many years as we have. There is no reason why the older years should be yearstif misery.

. There wilfbe,Soyne stricken with disease. My wife was taken by,a. mt?nster cancer two years ago. At least we 'can put all the money in research that we can, to try to save others from a similar fate. 'Just look.around you, here in this audience. You see what I call the VIPs of America the Very Important People of America. They've been here longer than anybody else. They've upheldthe standards of dignity, and morality, and religion. They ttave upheld a tribe thit they love. They are worthlielping. And I hope, I howpe, I hope.you'll produce from this'Conference something that will give Aided meanhig and reality to tlie Fords of Browning.: Gr Ow adolong with me! The best is yet to,pe, ,°..The last of life, for Nv,.fith the first was made:- Our times are in his hancr Who saith, "-A whole I planned, ,Youth shows ttut half; trust cod; see all, nor be arraid!" Thank you and God bless your hearts. "- Addyess by'U.S. Senator Lawt6h Chifet,, - I am honordd.to he here with this distinguished group of citizens from many different Otis of the country, and I'd like to welcome you alktO Wash- ington. Each of 'you is part of a leautiful quilt our Nation. I congratulate you on tieing selected to participate in this crucial ConferenCe, and I commend you for your leadership.* - During the next few days you will be the decisionmakers. Your recomniendations will be taken sepiously. And I know that the_process you go through Will be watched Carefully and reported on, by the "press. I take very seriously this opportunity to share _with you some of my own thoughts and concerns. 11, would like p take what may be a different approach from that taken by others who will address you. I believe t4re has been a tendency by a lot of us . to concentrate on listing the problems, of older Teo- ple with little or no iiention of their potential. As a result the American pnblic tends to view the older population as dependt and therefore a growing problem. This is such a misconception: We know that the majority of thelder people in the United States are not dependent. I aril rerhinded of .ttie cônic strip Pogo that I used to read. The'possum ied to stand in the 50 52 .9.

swamp and tep his friends,-"We have metthe I feel it has been extremely unfortunake that the enemy, and they are us!" We spendsopuch time most important issue of maintaining the Iveryin- concentratirig on the problems of 10 to 20' percent tegrity of the Social Security system hasbeen of the eldtrry that we lead the public tO believe thatsnatched up and thrown into this b et \cutting all of our older .Atmericans are,the same. web. - I want to emphasize strongly that in no way am I We should not have that crisis, but we almost suggesting that we 'ignore the 10 to 20 percent who did. do have problems. But I am grayly concerned that The facts are that for some time, long bgfore this the other 80 percent mill be overlooked. tf you onlyyear, we knew some adjustments inSocial Security concentrate your recommendations on the depen- would be nee4d to get the system over a t ght spot dent, what expectations are we as a nation to have expected in 19&5 or 1986. there werea nu4iber of for, with, or abOut this other grgup of .25 to 3D things we could do without much disruptioJi. million order persons? I proposed a combinatiow Of interfund b rrow- .My home State has the highest percentage of ing and a gradual phasiag out for future older persons in the Nation now approaching 33 beneficiaries only of the student and min mum percent of the population. Therefore, I get amused benefit programs. Others have also wanted to tem- at times listening to people talking about"Can youporarily add soine general revenues to the stem to imagine what it's going to be like in this country in get over this short-term hump. the 2030, when the percentage of elderly reaches 20 The numbers showed that interfund borro ing, percent?" I don't have to imagine it, we have al- that allowing the retirement fund to temp rarily. ready passed it! And I am happy to rvort that we borrA from surpluses in the disability and lealth do not have intergenerational warfare or any other insurance funds, could come very near to taiqing felt such terrible occurrences. care of the problem entirely. AndI personall Most of the issues brought to me by our more that Social Security could no kinger sustain s me mature population in Fhprida are much the same, as of the additional benefits that had been addedin for the younger and middle-aged populations.they later years,-such as benefits for college students are concerned about inflation,crime, energy 'costs, and the part of the minimum benefit that goers to health care costs, unemployment, and the future of workers who have paid little into SocialSecurity. Social Security. I believe that if this country does As it happens, Congress has pretty muchreached not come to grips with these issues, not onlywill agreement on'this kind of solution to the"crisis.". Me do great harm to the general population, we But we haven't gotten there easily. will continue to force large numbers of ottr older Someone decided that this situation in Social population out of the independent group into the Security could be used to cut the Federalbudget.. propoial to dependent group. This Administration sent Congress a If I may be permitted a bad pun a few days aftercut benefits for everyone .and in amountsthat Thanksgiving, I'd like very much tO talk turkey, were much more than necessary to takecar?öf the about four issues that represent basic . problem. with you it economic and personal security ,for 'all older Congrks and the Nation soon Atnericans: Social Security, health care, crime, and clear thirit would not agree to use cial Se ity a new national policy on workand retirement. to balance the budget. There is one overriding issue that to my wayof But the climate was set. And it has been abattl thinking should hold the full attintion of every all year over what we did agree on: How tOhandle , singledelegate and observer to this White House the minimum benefit, for instance. Conference on Aging, and that is Social Security. There is a big difference between choppingoff . who Just as issues of income security were the key that Social Security minimbm'benefit for those State meetingshave been receiving this small amount (or year subjects during your community and not while you were preparing fOr this national Con- and deleting it in the future for those who, have ference, making sure we preserve the solvency of yet retired. The President wanted to cutit immedi- Social Security has been a key issue in this session ately for everyone. Many of us in Congresswanted the future. of Congress. to make sure it was phased out only in It has not been "business as usual" this year The President's proposal won every time me voted here in Washington. Almost all legislative activity on the issue, even though theHouse and the Senate of in one way or another has beendirected toward and even the President havg now had a c ange spending cuts and achieving a ?a1ancec budget. I mind. would venture to say that there is no one in this We, and thousands of elderly, neverould have had to g;o through all this if Social Sec rityha'd ntt country who has not been aware of this fact. e : 51 53 been forced into that budget-cutting process.lut to 68. By doing khis a month at a time, beginiithg the solution to the problem is at hand, mid oncea in the year 2000, the baby boom retirementbulsc final agreement on this ShortAt rm solution is uld be leveled out enough to meet benefite- signed into laA, it is my hope we will never have toqürements. . address Social Security in such a crisis atincwhere ut my own decfsion to make this proposal ,...,- again. d 1 museladrnit it has not been the most popular And this brings .me to my major messSge to you thing I have ever [imposed was not just based today: Congress will have to address it again, and Ion nambers. I have talked to all the national ex- 0 fear we will be forced to do it in another crisis at- ts and to thousands.of.my own constituents mosphere unless this White House Conference and 1 know that more and more people want to takes the leadership now. work beyond the-age of 65: So I also think this My personal goal is to help us all face,`as early direction is the most positive o we could take. as possible, the bigger and really difficult I am not asking this White Tiouse Conference on Social Security problecoming in 30 years. That isAging to ratify this particular proposal. I have when the so-called b oom generation will begingiven you some.of my own reasons for thinking we to retire And that is when the lower birth rates we should move in that direction. You may have other now have in this.country will result in fewer active persptirs. .workers paying Social Security taxes. Bu I am asking this Conference to take a stand As the Social Security system w,orks now, it on this issue. simply will not be ab)e to support'tiiis large a If you don't, I am afraid that we as. a Nation change in the age make-up of the po ulation. ^ will have)ost whatever chance we have to come to When Social Security began, there wer2 active any timely agreement on strategies for change. workers paying Social Security taxes to sup This Conference is important. You have in- each retired worker. Today the ratio is about three fluence. There will not be another one in 10 years.. to one. In 30 years it is expected to be about two There may not be another one at all. It seems clear to one,. now that this Congress'and this Administration We'annot excape this. No matter what happens may never agree on a way to make sure that Social to the economy, tier-latter hovy we may change ourSecurity basic ecoipic securityjor all retired lifestyles, no matter who is elected President, those workers inhis country is there for your numbers are not going IC change. The people are children an4 grandchildren. already here: If you, asá group, do not take a stand, I am Does that mean we will eventually abandon the afraid.no ore will until it is too late. Social Sekrity system? National opinion polls now I know th t is not the most welcome messaze. shOw that tw o-thirds of today's younger workers But I have a other tough issue of immediate con- seem to think we will. That is unthinkable to me, cern another one which we all must face and I am sure it is to ybu. together: finding a way to control the inflation in So, whit are our oplions? When I consider this, health care costs. my first thought is that no matter what adjustment Last year this Nation spent $250 billion on health we make, we hav e to decide right away. Too many,care. Ten years ago it was $75 billion. That is a people make lifetime plans basei on Social Sectirityhuge amount of money, but even so, it is less than expectations to allow us to makh any major half of what older Am9ricans pay for medical care. changes without long and carel planning. Tflit Medicare ktually only ends up paying for about 40 longer we have as a Natio tO prepare, the percent of the total cost of health care for the better chance we have of not ing anyone. elderly. Second, I consider the,options we have to meet You know who pays the rest. Some of it Comes this challenge. I see three (1) reduce benefits, (2) . from other health insurance plans. But most of it. raise taxes paid by workers,*(3) delay retirement. comes right out of your own,pockets. As long as Benefit cuts would have to be.large. And taking the cost of health care continkies to riwso rapidly, such action would undermine the basic economic the amount you personally pay wij..W up, too. security that Social Security represents for retired The biggest costs are,in hospitals. When we workers. drafted legislation to slow down hospital costs two . And I just don't believe that workers could sup,.,years,ago, we kind of got sidetracked by the port much larger tax increaseS on'top of those al- hospitals. They told us they Could hold down their ready coming, cosringreases to about 3 percent 'a year on a volun- So I chose the third option: to gradually phase intarY basis. But ooks like this year's increase a three-year increase in the retirment age, from 65, alone is go g toe about 19 percent. I'm not sure 52 Pt

4 what happened to the voluntary program. This is gress would have to face in the very near future. one area where I believe we should look again. But there is one more very positive issue I would Now, I will admit that we have a problem here like to raise. I believe it is the most important in Washington. It is a lot easier for us to look.for challenge we face as a Nation. It stands on its own, ways to Lilt costs by slashing payments and denying but it also offers part of the solution to the Social services than it is to look for ways to cut costs Security problem I discussed earlier: I hope and through better services and better services delivery. dream that the 1980s will be the deeade of the ,But I am convinced this'can be done and you older worker a time when our society finally can prod uslnto doing it. realizes that what older Americans want most is to For instance, we need to put much more em- continue tp make major contributions; when we phasis on preventive health care especially in finally decide that we can no longer waste needed Miclicare. And I believe very strongly that we skills and talents; when we prohibit retirement should also concentrate on.providing more home based solely on age any age; when weatirk ac- care and more outpatient services, rather than con-, tively with employers to help then( develop new job tinue to rely so heavily on institutional care. opportunities for older workers; when we provide I have watched the support for home care pro- incentives to businegUnd industry to retain and grams grow in Congress in recent years. It has been hire older workers; wlEn we get rid of the Social gratifying to see the changes in Medicare and Medi-Security earnings limitation; when we create new caid that 'we have acheived just in the last two opportunities for full involvement thrbugh com- years. The time is right for further action munity service and volunteerism. . especially in the States and I hope this White There is a lot of work that needs to be done. House Conference will become known for its And the country is going to need more older recommendations in home and community care. workers. That's somethingithat business and I would like to turn to a third issue, which a re- private industrymust acknowledge and begin to cent,poll revealed as a high concern for many face sguarely. elderly: crime. Back when I first decided to run for public of- Street crime has risen sharply in this country. I fice, one of my closest friends recommended that I know it affects the elderly, because I have heard not run a negative campaign. He pointed out that terrible stories of elderly people rarricading them- it might be easy to fall into the trap of talking t-/ selves lin their homes, afraid to gp out. Studies, about what was wrong with my opponent and all show that mare than halt of our Nation's elderly the bad things he had done. Instead he suggested are afraid of being targets for physical assault and thatconcentrate cui positive aspects in the dm- robbery. paign, what potential there was to bring about I am concerned thatnot,415171S*being done to favorable results, and how I felt I .could help in combat this crime, and I haye introduced legisla- That process. I took his advice and it was sound. non to change this. But combating crime itself will As you move this week toward a recommended not alone solve the problems for those elderly who Aging Policy for this great country for the next 10 are afraid and isolated. years,twould offer that same advice to you. Pull The problem is rooted in negative attitudes out the positives. Use your potential and that of toward the elderly by too many of our young. the millions you represent. Set forth achievable Many children today don't have the contact with goals. And program enchancements using the their grandparents and other older people that you potential that exists and will exist as you are joined and I had when we were gpwing up. It is too easy by milliong of others over the next 10 years. for them to view the elderlt especially in large You have the talent, the means, and Most im- cities, as easy targets. And the vicious circle draws portant the influence to solve these problems. tighter when these elderly isolate themselves even Over the last 40 years or so, we have put into more. place programs at the Federal, State, and local That ik just One more reason why I believe it is levels that enable our aging population to look for- so important to strive for a society where the ward to remaining independent in their com- young and old have much more positive exposure munities. I have no apologies or regrets for my to one another. I hope you agree with me and will _support and sponsorship of such programs. 1'4 keep this principle in mind in all you do at this pledge to you my intent to continue to do so, and I Conference. look forward to receiving your recommendations. So far, I know I haven't delivered much good news. I warned you that I wanted to talk to you about'issue areas that I thought those of us in Con-

4. 55 53 Address by U.S. Representative Matthew i..Rinaldp Madam Chairman, delegates, friefids, the Carer- ence you are beginning today could not come at a more critical time. Over the last 10 years, since the1971 White.House Conference on Aging, we have made significant im- Provements in our efforts to forge a national aging policy. In 1972, cost-of-living benefit increases were en-. acted, for Social Security recipients. The Supple- mental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled was approved. In 1973, Congress established a national network of Area Agencies on Aging to bring Older Americans Act programs to - the local level. In 1972, we established the National Institute on Aging and an Aging Committee in the House of Representatives, and we enacted the first comprehensive law to regulate and iinprove the pension system for millions of working and retired Americans. In 1977, we shored up the finances of the Social Security systeni, and in 1978, we strengthened the Age Discrimination in Employ- , ment Act. This is a long list. It is a gdod list. It shows that we in Congress, and you around.the country, are s-r committed to combatting ageism and to giving the elderly what they have earned and what they deserve , But during that time through those 10 years of progress there has been a corrosive force at work. It is destroying America's elderly by eating away at their savings and forcing them lower on the economic ladder._ That force is inflation. It teems that no matter what we do, we are, unable to make real, permanent progress against the cruelest tax that has been imposed since the Second World War. In 1980, the largest cost-of- living increase exer was approved for Social Securi- ty recipients. But even that represents only slight improvement for the 36 million America% who de-* pend so deeply on their Social Security checks. That corrosive, bitter force has brought us to where we ate today. The greatest horror stories 'in the history of the Social Security system have frightened millions of retired Americans into believing that someday there will be no Social Security check. Congress must give top priority to making changes in the Social Security system that will re-

assUre current and future beneficiaries that fhey. will not be denied benefits that they have earned, are entitled.to, and are counting on. Older Americans should be assured that they can depend on their benefits following a lifetime of 54 :26 ' work. To suddenly reduce benefits or change the Republicans and Democrats, to assure the financial age of retirement would be an unconscionable stability of Social Security without cutting you off . breach of faith that Aiiiticfa not be approved by from benefits that you were promised and which Congress. you have earned. I will fight to.the bitter end any I am determined that Social Security will be suggestions to tax your Social Security benefits. saved, and not by sacrificing the benefits you are- Those of us on the House Select Committee on entitled to. It will be saved by increasing the pro- Aging have a responsibility to save your progranis ductivity of our society, by interfund borrowing and to make sure.that the Federal budget is not among the three trust funds to ease the current balanced on your backs. strain on,the retirement portion, by using general We will not placidly accept cuts in crime preven- tax revenues to help pay for Part A of Medicare, tion programs that threaten our senior citizens. We and by phasing in any changes over a long period will not meekly surrender to the budget-cutters to of time. Such adjustments would immediately im- take away transportation frorn die elderly. prove the long-range actuarial'outlook of the UiTEwe become energy independent and have system and at the same time give ample planning the ability to break the OPEC oil cartel, Congress time to future beneficiaries. must continue to provide funds for the fuel Recession, unemployment, and inflation are the assistance programs that many older Americans de- enemies of Social Security. We need to put pend on. America to wiork, including all those older workers also urge this Conference to send a message to who have been let out to pasture against their Capitol Hill and the White Frouse opposing the end ,wishes. of controls on natural gas prices. It would be a The mandatory retirement limit, set at age 70, staggering financial-blow to senior cinzens, and I should be abolished. Every American should have pledge to fight as hard as I can against iriimediate the right to work regardless of age. decontrol of natural gas and higher *fuel prices. Being old in America doesn't mean you're'over ,I also urge delegates to this Conference to'sup- the hill. port the efforts of the Administration to rescue Our We can no longer affprd to write off 25 million senior citizens from the bureaucratic maze of ovZr- Americans. They nave too much experience, ei?m- regulation. It's not just business, schools, industry., mon sense, and ability to contribute to the revival . and the 4conomythat are affected, but programs of America., intended to benefit you. I urge this Conference to focus on recommenda- There are hundreds.of programs for seniors at tions to give older Americans work in their retire- the Federal, State, and local levels. Many conflict , ment years without losing ariy of their Socjal eligibility criteria, administrative requirements, Security benefits. and funding. It is time that government, privateemployest, in- M a member of the House Select Committee on surance companies, young people, and the media Aging, I favor the strengthening of Older American demolish the 'myth that old age means you are too Act provisions that make the Administration on old.to contribute to our society. Aging responsible for the coordination of Federal,,. I;ve been in Congress nine years. In each of State, and local programs for the elderly. They can _those years, I've been sponsoring legislation to re- fostecbetter interagency coordination on programs move the earnings limit on Social Security. Once so thiT you can understand them, use them, and you reach 65, you should not be required to lose make those funds go farther by avoiding duplica- any benefits because you are working and earning tion. your way. Senior citizens now must fill out complicAd and Our national policy towards senior citizens must unnecessary forms. We need to make life easier for find the means of making it worthwhile to be alive .'them, not more complex. in the fullest sense of the word. , Neither should this Conference neglect the role On the medical front, we must stop pushing the eof the private sector and the States. In my own elderly into wheel chairs and nursing homes: Tile' State of New Jersey the voters overwhelmingly re: emphasis in medicine must shift to the prevention affirmed at the ballot box that millions of dollars of the most common diseases Of old age. Better in casino revenues should be'used for programs for sdeening and treatment of hypertension can give the aged. millions of older Americans a healthier old age ahd New Jersey has a yariety of programs, such as enable many of them to Continue working. property tax breaks, assistance in paying utility I am sure this Confereke will reaffirm.the com- bills, homestead tax rebates, tax credits to elderly mitment of. many of us in Waihjngton, both tenants, reduced, bus fares, pharmaceutical 457 55 assistance, free passes to state parks and museums,, information serrices, and a hotline for senior citizens..It is meeting its responsibilities, and so are many other States. But we also need to encourage private employers to meet their responsibilities in providing jobs, insurance, adequate pensions, training, flexible work hours, and special medical programs for elderly workers. Aging embraces our entire population. Everyone is aging from the moment they are born. In meeting the problems of older Americans we are establishing the future of young Americans, too. The time to grow old gracefully is in youth. If respect for the human quality of all persons is learned by the young, they will not turn away from the aged, and their own old age will not be so pain- ful. When the attitude of society becomes more understanding and appreciative of the role of the aged, I assure you that society will force the laws and the programs you need to be enacted arid adequately financed. %God bless you, and good luck for a successful ana productive conference.

Address by Vice President George Bush , [On Tuesday, December f, President Reagan addressed the Conference participants at a luncheon meeting at the Sheraton Washington Hotel. The President's speech was carried by closed-circuit television to delegates and observers at the Washington Hilton. Before the President 'I spoke, Vice President Bush made the following introductory remarks to delegates and observers% at a luncheon meeting at the Hilton.] I appreciate this chance to speak _to you this morning. I don't propose to ruin your day by making yolfsit through two speeches. No one should have to suffer through that. George Washington's inaugural address was all of 134 words long, and I don't believe it was ever criticized for being too short. President William Henry Harrison's inaugural Speech, on the ether hand, was 9,000 words long. It took him two .hours to deliver it. There was a cold, northeast wind blowing. He came down with a cold the following day and died of pneumonia a month later. So you see? Too much speechmaking is not only boring, it's dangerous! You'll be hearing from the President shortly. I somelimes have the misfortune of following him on a program. I say misfortune because , he is one tough act to follow. Come to think of it, he's even a tough act to precede. So let ' 56 me just say a few quick words and get out of all of two months. There's a lot left to be .the way. accomplished, but a lot already has been done. I think the President's remarks to you will So, if we agree that the old solutions show the extent of his involvement and concern failedand who cannot?then let's try the for the problems you are all here to discuss. new ones, for our sake and for the sake of He is, after all, otir senior citizen: To suggest those who will follow us. that he is in some way detached from or I hope you know how welcome you are, and indifferent to the issues that =front the elderly how welcome your ideas are. The White House is simply a lot of nonsense. - doors are wide open. We're eager to know the This is one senior citizen I work with very outcome of your meetings. And we're eager to closely, and I can tell you he's personally work with you, so together wecan fulfill that committed to that part-tYf our poptnation all of ideal-of-adding lifc to year-snet-t-yeafs-- you are representing. to life. He'll be talking to you on a number of Thank you very much. subjects, foremost among them the health of our Address by President:Ronald Reagan Social Security system. You'll be drawing your own conclusions, but with my foresight (having I have been looking forward to this meeting with read his speech) I think you'll agree that he's you for a number of reasons. But probably the best come up with a highly creative approach to one is my belief that most problems can be solved solving the problems all of us know ire when people are talking to each other instead of confronting that system. about each other. The genius of his particular approach lies in A speaker usually tries to establish in his own its bipartisan nature. The President is inviting mind some relationship between himself and his au- all parties, all factions, to participate in the dience. Or put another way -- why he or she is ad- debate. Because Social Security is not a political dressing a partienlar group. matter, and it shouldn't be dealt with in just a I could say, "It is traditional for the President to political way. It's a matter that sooner or later address the White House Conference on Aging." concerns all Americans, so all voices must be But there is, in my case, a better answer.'We are of heard. the same generation. We have met to counsel The time has come to rise above rhetoric, together on matters of mutual interest. above partisan and sometimes petty politics. We You know, when we were much younger we have to act now if we're going to restore ' defined a generation in a rather narrow sense. We literal meaning to the term Social Security. We perceived it as almost limited to our classmateS. have to act now if our Nation is going to honor then as the number of candles on the birthday cake its commitment to those who have worked so hard increased, so did the breadth of our generation. As all their lives to earn security in old age. long-time aduits we now perceive our generation as As soon as the President took office last including all those within several years, on either January, he began doing what he said he'd do side, of our own age. And that is as it should be, before. President Reagan is determined that this for as adults we have worked together to achieve Nation will heal its whole economy. He rejects common goals in our work, in our communities the notion of administering some quick fixes and.in our Nation. to a few harts of it. Just a few weeks ago at a White House luncheon When taxes are cut, when government spending for Medal of Freedom recipients, one of those reci- is cut, when wasteful and ineffective government pients was Eubie Blake. Eubje is one of the last of regulations are cut, then everyone gains: the aged, the great ragtime composers and' pianists. We saf the middle-aged, the young. together at the luncheon table as contemporaries. When interest rates come downas they have His songs and the music he played were much a rather dramatically in the last two months part of my life: Yet in my remarks about him and everyone benefits. his accomplishments I mentioned that he was 98 When inflation comes downas it has years old. He interrupted me, sayting, "Ninety- everyone profits: the old, the poor, the middle- eight and a half." classeveryone. Now having established the parameters of our I say let's give the President a chance to do generation, let me say a few words about us. It is -the vital work that needs doing. His economic right that each generation looks at the one recovery program has been in effect forwhat? preceding and is critical of its shortcomings. vie 59 .57 were, and a young generation will challenge our mores and customs, questioning our values as we did beforelhem when we were young. But as the years pass we learn not to cast aside proten values simply because they are old. At least we shOuld learn that if civilization is to continue. A few years ago in the rebellious '60's to early '70's, we did see a discarding of basic truths. It was a time when at least a part of the generation of our sons and daughters declared that no one Over 30 could be trusted. One wonders what they think, now that they, themselves, have passed that, 30-years mark. In those troubled times, when no one boasted of living only a stone's throw from the campus, I, as Governor, couldn't go on our own campuses "1 without causing a demonstration. Then one day the Student Body President and other officers asked to meet with me in Sacramento. -I said "yes" because I was anxious to establish some kind of-communication. They arrived, some barefoot, all in T-shirts and jeans. When we were all seated (maybe I should say slouched), their spokesman opened the meeting. "Governor," he said, "It is impossible for Your generation to undqrstand us." Trying to establish some base I said, "Well we know more about being young than we do about being old." "No," he said, "I'm serious. You can't, understand your own sons and dauters. You didn't grow up in a world of ins- tanrcommunications, of cybernetics, men com- puting problems in seconds that used to take mop- ths or even years, of jet travel, nuclear power, and journeys into space." You know, you usually don't think of the right answer until such a meeting is over and_it's too late. But he went on in that vein just long enough for the Lord to give me the words. I said, "You are absolutely right. We didn't have those things when we were growing up. We invented them." And I was right. It had suddenly occurred to me that almost everything he was talking about had -.- come into being in our adult lifetime. Yes, our generation has made mistakes and possibly fallen short at times. But we need apologize to no one. Only a few times in history is a single generation called upon to preside over a great period of transition. Our generation, yours and mine, has literally gone from the horse and buggy to travel in space. We have known four wars and a great worldwide depression in our lifetime. We have fought harder, paid.a higher price for freedom and done more to advance the dignity of mankind than any' people who ever lived. Having said what I have maybe you can understand my frustration over the last couple of years-- 58 60 during the ,..ampaign and pow in this office I hold require the best efforts of both parties and of both to be portrayed as somehow an enemy of my the Executive and Legislative Branches of own generation. Most of the attack has been GovernMent. Its future is toO important to be used centered around Social Security. There tras been as a political football. politk.al demagoguery and ouhight falsehood, and For this reason, I have established a bipartisan as a result many who i.sly. on Social Security for Task Force on Social Security Reform. The Task their livelihood have been needlessly, and cruelly . Force will consist of 15 members -- 5 appointed by frightened. 3 the President, 5 by Senate Majority Leader Baker, In October of 1980, as a candidate, I pledged and 5 by Speaker of the House O'Neill. The that I would try-to restore the ihtegrity of Social mandate of the Task Force is an important cme. Security and do so without penalty to'those Time and again in the past, studies of the Social dependent on that program. I have kept that pledge Security system have been made, that pointed out and intend to keep itboth parts of it. Wd will the problems -- but nothing further was done. not betray those entitled to Social Security benefits, This must not happen again: The charge of the and we will, indeed we must, put Social Security onTask Force will be to work with Congress and the a sound financial baN. President, not only to prcipose realistic, long-term A reLent poll showsd 59 percent of the people reforms to Put Social Security bacl on a sound willing to pay a higher tax in order to be sure of financialkfooting, but also to forge a working, Social SeLurity's continuation. Almost as many, 54 bipartisan consensus so that the necessary reforms percent, have expressed mistrust and a lack of will be passed into law. confidence that the program will be there when The business of the Task Force on Social their turn comes. Security Reform is urgent. I Will shortly be 'Let me take up that matter of increased tax. The announcing appointments to it. I hope that answer to the problem is not that simple. We Majority Leader Baker and Speaker O'Neill will act already have an increase. It was passed in 1977 and promptly to select the remaining members, and I La lls for a series of increases (one in January) and pledge my fullest cooperation to make the Task several. more over the next five years,. , Force's mission a success. The payroll tax has increased 2,000 percent since We want the elderly needy -- like all needy 1950 and eve% with the increases yet to come, the Americans to know that they have a government, accumulated deficit could be $111 billion over the and a citizenry, that cares about them and will

next five years. . protect them. Their basic human needs must be In 1982 the maximum tax will be $2,170.80, met with compassion as well as efficiency. This, .4 matched of course by the employer. For the self- too, is a goal I have set for my Administration. employ ed, it will be $3,024.40. The 1980 top rates It's fashionable just now to talk about the

are 6.7 percent and 9.35 percent on the first . graying of America. If you go by the numbers, we $32,400 of earnings. Both the rates and the amount, are, indeed, a people growing older in years. - of earnings taxed will go up in the several increases Today, one American in fi v e , more than 45 million .already,scheduled. in all, is over 55. By the year 2,000, there will be When the program started in 1936 it was $20 a another 10 million of us. But the American people yeafone percent of $2,000; thirty years ago thereare not just growing older. We are also growing were about 16 workers for eacji recipient. Now healthier. Our year's of full, active life are there are only 3.2 and in the next 40 years that is increasing -- thanks,y) the countless historic projected to be only 2.1. breakthroughs our Nation has made in science, I am not pointing out these facts because I want medicine, technology, economic oppOrtunity and to scare anyone. I agree with what Congressman education in this century. And here again our Claude Pepper has said, that this country is big generation can take pride in the contribution we enough and able enough to provide for those who made to bring that about. have served it and now have come to their time of. - Many of /hese breakthroughs were made by retirement. What we can't afford is supporting, as senior citizens who are still with us and will be for disabled, people who are not disabled or educating many years to come, enjoying the well-earned fruits from Social Security funds young people from of their own labor as researchers, educators, families of affluence and wealth. inventors, businessmen, or aveyage men and I had hoped our proposalwould have been taken women whose work in shops, factories and farms as a beginning point for bipartisan solution to the helped make modern American pcissible. ,Problem. I was led-to believe it would. Since 1979, the national mortality rate has Social Security can and will be saved. It will dropped 2 percent each year. There are already ; 59 6 1 more Americans over 65 than the entire population There was also improvement at the wholesale cif Canada. Today's typical 65-year-old will live level, with prices rising at a 7.5 percent annual another 16 years and our median national age will rate, down from 118 percent in 1980. This_is go up another three years in the next decade. especially important because a decline in And make no mistake, this growing body of wholesale prices now usually means further relief older Americans is an asset. The so-called "Senior for the consumer as wholesale goods reach the Market" plays a key role in consumer spending retail market down the line. and saving. One-fifth of the population, "over Interest rates have also begun to drop. The prime 55's," account for 27 percent of all consumer lending rate, at 16 percent, ltas reached a spending. . . 12-mcinth low. Some banks have dropped to . . Internal Revenue Service figures show that below 16tA year ago they were at 21,5 percent. almost half, 46 percent, of all reported savings account interest is earned by people over 65 These are only early signs, but .they are all positive although they are only 11 percent of the popula- indicators that our economic policy is beginning to tion. work. Senior savers and senior spenders are a vital, Older Americans have also begun to benefit from positive part of the economy, and are playing a our tax relief measures. The Economic Recovery positive role in our program for economic Tax Act of *1981 will mean further relief from recOvery.. It could not succeed without us. inflation and taxation mounting to a 25 percent cut This Administration is dedicated to the kinds of. in personal income taxes over three years. And programs and policies that will allow the vast starting in 1985, personal tax rates and exemptions majority of older Ainericans to continue to live will be indexed to keep up the cost of living. independent lives. This is not just a matter of Inflation will no longer push old and young economic common sense; it is a matter of basic Americans'into ever-higher tax rates through human dignity. "bracket creep." Here, as elsewhere, the state of the aging is Other tax reforms of special benifit to older bound together with the state of the Nation. We Americans include liberalizations in the capital cannot have a healthy society without a healthy gains tax, tax exclusions for older Americans economy. Young ,and old alike, Americans have selling their homes, and estate tax provisions. suffered too long from the combined burden of None of this relief from taxation and inflation runaway inflation and an ever-heavier tax burden. would be possible if we ignore the problem of This destructive cycle has fed on itself. The same runaway Government spending. taxes and inflation that directly undermine the But while cutting spending, we have safeguarded earning power of iRdividual Americans also drive services to those poor and elderly who depend on down productivity and economic growth the Government. In the field of health care and nationwide. _ human serVices, federal spending is actually up --by Because of the graduated tax rate, each 10 over 15 percent in 1981 and alput another 10 percent increase in inflation pushes tax receipts up percent in 1982. Elderly Americans making up 11 17 percent. The taxpayers have that much less percent of our population will receive 28 percent of money to spend, Washington has that much more the Federal Budget in Fiscal Year 1982. to squander, and the economy suffers another blow Our Administration has also supported reauthor- from the twin evils of inflation and stagnation. ization of the Older Americans Act. The Act helps The only way to put an end to this disastrous older Americans keep up their independence cycle -- a cycle that hits Amevicans on fixed through a wide variety of home- and community- incomes hardest -- is to make real cuts in spending based services, such as home health care, and taxes. . transportation, meals and counseling. We are also This Administration has made a beginning. It's working on improvements to the program that will only a beginning, but the initial signals are make it an even more effective means of encouraging. strengthening dignity and independence for the elderly. The inflation rate, as ineasured by the Consumer Ours is a generation rich,in experience as well as Price Index, has fallen from 12.4 percent in 1980 in years. We have been tried and tested, and we to 9.6 percent in the first 10 months of this year. have also benefited frqm a surgq of human Last.month's figures jfriarked the lowest rate Of progress that our parents and grandparents could increase in 15 months. never have imagined. ,.. ... 60 62 I happen to be an, optimist; I believe attitudes toward the elderly are getting better, not worse. The polls seem to bear this out. One recent survey revealed that 65 percent of the younger work force now rejects the notion of requiring older workers to retire, This-it a dramatic turnaround from just seven years ago when a plurality of younger -- workers took the opposite view. So, as some Americans grow older, America itself seems to be growing a little wiser, a little more tolerant. You _know Cicero said, if it weren't for elderly citizens correcting the errors of the young, the state would perish. In those days of the "generation gap" I mentioned earlier it was almost as if our young rebels saw the generations as horizontal. Each generation separated from the others like slices from a sausage. Humankind is vertical. Each generation sees farther than the one before because it is standing on the shoulders of those who have gone before. I look forward to receiving the results of your work here in this Conference. I've dwelled on the problems of concern to the members of our generation, problems I know you will be considering. But may I ask also that you give your counsel with regard to how we in our generation, in this time of danger, can be of help to this Is blessed land we've already served so faithfully and so well. Let our children and our children's children say of us, the world they live in is better because we were here. Address by Dorcas R. Hardy, Assistant Secretary for Human Development Services I am very pleased to have this opportunity to address the delegates to the 4th Decennial White House Conference on Aging. As you know, past Conferences have laid important groundwork-for subsequent programs of public and private sector action on behalf of the Nation's older citizens. I know this Conference, too, will make a unique contribution to shaping a national policy on aging. We in this Administration are eager to hear your recommendations on key issues. On& of my roles as Assistant Secretary for Ruman Development Services will be to Act on and carry forward the work of the Conference. I don't really need to tell you that formulation of a national policy on aging is a formidable task. the task is made, somewhat easitr by the fact'that we are really building on an already existing body of policy and experience as well as the expertise that you bring td the effort. .

.61 II I 3 The challenge before y ou might best be describedstructure and support and kinship systems may as reformulation of a national policy to respond to differ. changing times and realities and to capture new These and other social and economic develop- opportunities. Efforts to meet this challenge should ments pose exciting challenges and opportunities. be influenced by several basic considerations that Traditionally, our policies and policymaking have believe are important to framing a policy on aging. focused on a cwrent older population. While the They include: first, a need to focus policy needs of today are important, at this Conference devglopment on the future aging; second, we need to focus our attention and direct our recognition that most older persons are self-reliant; energies to the profound changes an aging popu- third, the objective of ensuring that olderpersons lation will generate throughout our social and can maintain an active involv ement in community economic structure. A national policy on aging life, fourth, the goal of a healthy economy and must look ahead and address the issues of an aging success of the President's Economic Recovery society that affect all segments of the population. Program, fifth, the need to marshal all elements of It must encourage increased age integration as well the priv ate and public sectors in aging issues; .and, as fair and concerned treatment for older persons. finally, the upholding values of self determination This conference is a unique and timely opportunity and decision making closest to the people. I will to lead the nationin preparing for the needs of the elaborate.fiirther on these ideas in the hope that .future. You must develop a policy frameworic that they will prove useful to you during your is long-term and anticipatorynot orie that is delilvrations. short-term and reactive. FA.st, I believe that the national aging policy As a second consideration, I believe a national must be future oriented. To be effective, it must policy on aging must recognize that the vast take into account the future growth and character- majority of older persons are self-reliant. We have istics of an aging population. New strategies are outgrown the myth that most older persons require needed to deal effecthely with a new era many cat] society's intervention on their behalf. The elderly the "graying of America." have resources arid abililies. For example, Throughout the 20th century, the size of the approximately 72 percent of the older population older population has increased steadily and are homepwners and about 80 percent of this .group dramatically from 4.1 percent of the general have no mOrtgage Aligations. Most older persons population in 1900 to 11.3 percent in 1980, or One are in good to excellent health. One look at this in every nine Americans. The older population has,typical group makes clear that most older persons in fact, seen the fastest growing segment of the arc independent. In fact, only 15 percent of those population, Between 1970 and 1980 alone, the who today are over 60 are using the services of number orolder persons increased by 28 percent government. To continue negative stereotypes and compared,with a 10 percent increase for the A constantly emphasize the problems and inability of under-65 age group. Demographers predict this some older persons to solve them serves only to grow th trend will continue into the beginning of ,...unfairly, diminish and demean this important the next century, when older persons are expected -Tgroup. . to be one in every six Americans. From your, long years of experience, you The pace of demographic change is matched by recognize that public policy should promote private the expected change in the socioeconomic charac- decisionmaking and problem resolution, while teristics of the figure aging. You and your minimizing the intrusion, of government. Too often immediate successors v.111 be highly educated which the Federal Government has tried to supply all the reflects the advent of universal education. The answe{s. Older Americans shouldbe more involved value society has placed on higher education, and in meeting their own needs. Renewed attention expanded opportunities for continuing education. should be, given to this country's tradition of Continuing medical advances will result in a emphasizing self-help and voluntary contributions healthier older population. It is likely that the toward meeting indivOual and community,needs. income and other fincial resources of the future Let me assure you that we do care. Government older persons will be gre ter because of the will not abandon its responsibility to those older expansibn of public and private pension plans and persons in need. We are determined to improve the implementation of federal income-support circumstances.of those older persons who need programs. assistance. But% at the same time, fiscal constraints We will live in a society that has virtually require that we measure the true benefits of public completed the transition from a rural/agricultural programs against the dollars invested. We must econdmy to an urban, industrial one. Family target the available assistance to older persons with

62 6 4 greatest need. We must also improve the employers so they will retain and expand new job effectiveness and efficiency of services delivery opportunities for older persons. through more imaginative planning, greater local The effort will try to demonstrate to small control and decisionmaking, and increased business employers in both urbanand rural areas participation by older persons in the process. We that older persons are productive and that it is must help the truly needy and find ways to help profitable to hire 'and retain older workers. others help themselves. Marketing techniques designed to foster voluntary Our studies show that the greatest opportunity efforts by small business will be designed and for continued self-reliance and independence is in tested. Models for effective collaboration among the area of employment. Technological advances the network, state and local governments and small are already, changing the faceof the-American businesses also be developed. to pursue additional labor market. This is bfinging about new work in this the future. occupational demands and opportunities: At the Let us work together to take advantage of these same time, declining birth rates are shrinking the opportunities and take action that will make a pool of younger workers. Older persons will difference in promoting grea er in ep therefore have job options they never could have older persons.. considered before. A third area -- the self-reliance of most older Despite past trends toward early retirement, there persons -- makes it imperative that a national is growing evidence of interest among older persons policy on aging have the goal of taking full inremaining in the labor force as full-time or part,,advantage of the initiative and energy of older time employees. Lou Harris' recently published persons. Collectively, you possess a range of skills survey, "Aging in the Eighties: America in and talents Tiever before found in an older Transition," found that 73 percent of those 65 or population. Society needs all the talents, over who are currently in the labor force prefer to experience, and wisdom it can muster to cope with continue some kind of part-time work rather than a proliferating array of problems and demands. We retire completely. The figure is even higher among should take advantage.of this coming together ol those aged 55 to 64. The suryey also found that 67 opportunity and need. percent of today's 55- to 64-year-old workers plan The Lou Harris survey I referred to earlier found to retire no sooner than age 65 compared to only that older persons want to remain active in society. 57 percent in 1974. Volunteer work is just one outlet. According to the Proposals to extend the employment of older survey, the level of volunteer activity among those persons who wish to continue working therefore aged 65 or over is about 22 percent. This means -deserve serious consideration at this Conference. that about 5.7 million older persons are Several corporations already are pioneering the contributing their time to others. Of the rest, 10 development of alternatives for older workers. percent said they would be interested in such Polaroid, for example has begun an "extension opportunities. review program" allowing persons to continue Clearly, this is a resource we should pursue, not working beyond the normal retirement age. squander. Indeed, let us double or triple the Grumman Industries has a program to recruit and percentage of those volunteering and ensure the rehire those employees interested in returning to opportuhities to translate this interest into action. work either part-time or full-time. McDonald I know that many of you are aware of And have Corporation is developing a personnel and older used the talents of older iiersons -- not only as recruitment kit for use throughout the country. volunteers, but.also as policymakers and adviors. Travelers' Insurance maintains a job bank of For example, older persons are members of the company retirees for short-term projects, substitute advisory bodies of State and Area Agenciesunder work, and other Resitions. The technological the Older Americans Act and other State and changes I have thlked about are likely to produce community agencies. They provide counseling, various other adjustments in the private labor tutoring, and other assistance to children in our market aimed at the older worker. schools. They help plan and mariage community The small business sector -- the historical service programs. Yet, according to the Lou Hirris backbone of growth in private sector employment survey, the harsh truth is that a clear majority of -- presents another virtuallyunexplored target of older persons -- and the general public do nct opportunity. Using Older knericans Act funds, we believe that retirees have much influence in thi in HDS have just launched ah coun today. conjunction with the American Management I be eve it is time we reversed these views ahd Association designed to stimulate small business the facts that once supported them.

63 E;5 , How we regard and use an extraordinary poten- 70, the original investment can grow to $83,52 tial of human resources is a Lritical determinant of The new IRA prov isions afford the dual advan age progress in the decades to come. We must actively of assured income and a lower tax bracket. promote a greater awareness of the untapped This Administration also believes we must maite reservoir of talent, capacity, and interest that exists necessary changes in our Social Security system. among older persons. We must Lapitalize on their Ov er the past decade the system has faced financial initiative and energies by bringing them,into difficulties that today are undermining the, activities far beyond the service provision role in confidence of both recipients and workers. The meeting the challenges ahead. President and Secretary Schweiker have emphasized\ My fourth observ ation concerns the need for a their commitment to pulling (he Social Security healthy eLonomy. Central to a national policy on Trust Fund out of danger, maintaining the system's

aging should be a goal of promoting those integrity and protectidg the basic benefit structure , conditions that will enable older persons to for older people. maintain eLonomiL self-sufficiency As you know, My fifth concern is partnerships. I believe that a \ the best social set-lice is a healthy economy. This national policy on aging mug dim lowdr Administration has taken important actions to mobilizing the energies and resources of all promote long term productiv ity and economic elements of the private and public sectors involved growth, which support this goal. with and serving the elderly. We must strengthen The President's Lonomic Recov ery Program is the partnerships already in place with academia and speLifically aimed at restoring health and vigor to social welfare groups. But we must also reach out the AmeriLan eLonomy'. You may be familiar with and enlist the help, resources, and expertise of its key features: other concerned groups such as corporations, To Lombat inflation, often called the "cruelest unions, small business, professional and trade tax" on the elderly; associations, foundations, and religious, civic, and To refocus Federal cash and in-kind assistance '%fraternal organizations. for thosesw ho are truly dependent on Federal The commitment to increased Rublic/private support; collaboration is very clearly illustrated by the To encourage savings and inv estment; President's recent establishment of a 36-member To bring Federal spending under control; and Task Force on Private Sector Initiatives, made up To eliminate unnecessary and costly Federal of citizens from business, philanthr,opy, religious, I regulation. and civic organizations. The Task Force is intended With continued help from leaders like you, the tc,,,,study ways in which private voluntary efforts President's program will succeed and will produce ch partially replace or supplement government the sounder economy and more stable financial programs. future for older persons that we all agree are In the Office of Human Development Services critical. we have begun an initiative aimed at increasing the An integral part of the Administration's programinvolvement of private business and voluntary is the recently enacted Economic Recovery Tax organizations in meeting the needs of the persons Act. In adaition to meeting the President's we serve. objeLtiv e of,reducing Federal Taxation, it opens up While we do not expect private enterprise to numerous opportunities for all individuals to assume roles that are more appropriate for the strengthen their current and future financial public sector, the private response to human needs position through savings and inv estment. Several is impressive and expanding. The private sector is provisions are important to all of us -- especially already engaged in matching employee those looking forward to retirement. contributions to charity and in supporting the Beginning January 1, anyone and ev eryone who development and distribution of health and earns money, ev en those already in a pension plan, nutrition information for older persons. I was also Lan establish an Individual Retirement Account andinterested to learn that Travelers' Insurance deduct their contributions up to $2,000 per recently invited the submission of proposals for individual or $2,250 with a nonworking spouse. funding by the corporation on the subjects of Benefits can be substantial. For example, if you Older Workers Employment and Health and start a plan at age 55 and say e $2,000 a year for 10 Aging. To my knowledge, this is the first initiative years, that $20,000 investment can grow to $39,309. of its kind undertaken by a major corporation. at a 12,percent annual interest rate. This can And it represents still another opportunity to join prov ide from $4,800 to $6,000 a year for the life of forcts in expanding the network and resources both spouses. If you keep the IRA plan until age involved in aging.

64 SuccessfulcooperatAmongall interests at all communities. Especially, I am counting on you levels, in concert with older persons, can make a because I am a member of the future -older difference in shaping the direction'of aging policy generation. and in fulfilling society's responsibilities to its Keynote Address by Dr. Lennie-Marie P. Tolliver, oldest members. But I also believe that the mat Commissioner on Aging important.partnerships are those we forge in our own communities -- society's vital center, where we Today, you and I and the hundreds of others find older persons, the family, the.neighborhood, who participated in the pre-White House Con- and the work place. ference Activities in their communities and States My last observation is that I believe a national are aware that the 1981 White House Conference \policy on aging should reaffirm the vahles of on Aging is taking place in a rapidly changing individual self-determination and decisionmaking at social-economic-political environment. the level closest to the people -- the States and local Earlier White House Conferences on Aging were \ communities. held in periods characterized by a relatively stable Of. roportionatelsmaller though , A will v a is to reduce.the size of the Federal Government growing number of older people, and a rising while restoring authority and autonomy to States capability on the part of the Federal Government and local communities. This "New Federalism" to assume responsibility for expanding health, stems in part fromour conviction that the Federal welfare, housing and related programs for people Government has assumed functions it was never of all ages. intended to perform and which it does not perforii The societal climate within whin the 1981 White well. We are therefore in the process of returning House Conference on Aging is being held is quite authority to the States and to the people to,decide different. For example: how their monies should be spent and for wbat purposes. This conforms to a belief that the States The longevity of our population is increasing, and localities are better positioned to know the particularly for the unprecedented proportions of particular needs of their areas and can tailor their persons who reach ages 60 and 65. programs and budgets accordingly. Correspondingly, the older population continues Each level of government has an appropriate and to grow. Each year, America's older population-- needed cohtribution to make with respect to older 36 million 60 years of age and over today -- is persons. We should concentrate our attention, increasing by three-quarters of a million each however, on helping individuals and Communities year. develop greater reliance rather than on attempting By the year 2000 they will number 42 million. By to use a costly Federal bureaucracy to solve local 2020 to 2025, thecannual increase will be on the and individual problems. The principles of self- order of one and a half million. determination and decisionmaking closest to the people should gui e our policies and actions. Numbers and proportions in the highest ages are now that this Conference is increasing evenmore dramatically. In the year. In closing, y 2,000, today's population 75 years of age and being held dng a period of tremendous social ' have giown from 10.0 million to 14.4 and econ lc change. This climate obviously over makes t e task of crafting a workable national million, or from 28.0 percent to 34.3 percent of the 60-years-and-older group. As we all know, policy on aging an-even-greater challenge__Your presence, however, continues a Conference the dad-fdr supportive services-rises-with-age, : ears tradition of citizen participation in government and becoming almost universal among th.. in the decisions that affect your lives. This of age and older. Conference has enabled people from across the The 1981 Conference is taking place, e are nation to assemble and meet the challenge -- to all aware, irma period of fiscal restrain he shape a policy not only for today, but more lower level of economic activity char cteristic of importantly, for the future well-being and the past several yeamand high infl tion are economic prosperity of the Nation and its older ftinds available for social programs, citizens. including public and 'private pensionstems for You bring a wealth of diverse ideas and our longer-lived elderly. It.is reassuri g to know experience to your task. I look to you for that efforts are being made by the' leader-ship in taking the bold steps necessary to Administration to bring federal spending and chart a course of aCtion for the future -- not only federal revenue into balance and to bring down at this Conference, but also in your States and the level of inflation. 65 .The Administration is also reversing the trend toward centralization of responsibility for health A. and welfare programs in the FederaiGovernment and returning decisionmakin for programs and fiscal responsibility and revenues-to States and cbmmunities. White House Conferences have a venerable history. The first White House Conference was convened in 1907 by President Theodore Roosevelt. Thejacus of this pioneering conference -- held in Afe White House itself -- was conservation of natural resources. A White Hilt& Conference on Care of Depen- dent Children., held in 1909; was the precursor of a long series of White House Conferences_on_ " Children and Youth. The conferences On children and youth and their impacts on maternal_pd child welfare became models for, the White Hase Conferences'on Aging launched.in 1950. The White House Conferences on Aging are the only others That have recurred every 10 pars. Let me share with you briefly soMe of the landmark consequencesof previous White House Conferences on Aging. The Exploratof-11950 National Canference on Aging identified and alerted citizens of this country to the circumstances of older people and to some 'of their implicatipns for society. Social Security coverage was broadened, legislation authorizing 'Federal, State ad1 community support of social services for older people was passed. The Federal Security Agency established a Committee on Aging and Geriatrics, forerunner to the Administration on Aging. In 1956, the Congress-amended the National Housing Mt to make especially designed housing available to the elderly.( 1961 White House Conference on Aging recommendations y,esulted, in passage of the Older American"s,Act of 1965, which created the Administration on Aging, and in the establishment oE an official agency of aging in each State and territory. Titles XVIIL.a_nd XIX were added to thee Social Security Act directing creation of Medicare and Medicaid. 00 The Age Discrimination .Act was passed in 1967.. Deliberations and recommendations of the delegates to the 1971 White House Conference on Aging led to the development of the National Nutrition program; to putting the Fed- eral/State/area national network on aging into place; to establishment of the National Institute on Aging and of a Special Committee on Aging in the House of Representatives. Legislation providing for a 20 percent increase in Social Security benefits was 68 enacted, followed by legislation providing for

tv+ automath, cost-o f-hving increases in social security In.the area of health, new concepts of wellness in benefits and other public pension programs. Sup- the later years have been developed, the field of plemental Security Income to guarantee a basic geriatrics has been established, health income to all older pers.Ons was enacted. maintenanEe.organizations with an emphasis on Federal legislatiOn provided for housing. prevention have been created, adult day health al1oances for low-inome older persons and most centers are being developed and a wide range of States made provisionS fArgperty tax recisions home health services are being provided. for older home owners In the field of living arrangements and housing, The Congress authórized and appropriated funds voluntary organizations, often in partnership to train personnel for emPloyment in the field of with public agencies and the corporate sector, aging, for research and demonstration programs have given us homes for older people and a addresse,d to improving delivery of services to older variety of housing for those able to live people, and for fostering transportation services,for independently. the elderly. InsIitutions of higher education, private and Today, it is possible to report that more thai a public alike, have equipped thousands of persons dozen Federal departments and agencies are with.specialized knowledge and skills required fostering development of programs and facilities for planning and providing faeilities and services for older people. The national network on aging for older people. embraces 57 State and territorial units on aging, there 645 Area Agencies on Aging, more than Three and a half million middle-aged and older 1,100 nutrition projects serving meals at 11,000 adults are enrolled in 800 post-secondary sites, and upward of 5,000 multipurpose senior institutionsctaking 900 different coiarses. The centers. Public and private agencies in scores of most popular areas are the-humanities-and communities are coordinating their services with sciences, courset pri:Trd'ihg new skills for work or the activities of the national network.to alleviate -, creative self-expression, and Courses designed to the effect of deleterious circumstances that afflict assist in coping with age-associated problems. most people at some time during the later stages of Private enterprise has responded to khite House life.-And many are affording opportunities to Conference recommendations'and other forces by: ,enable older people to remain activ e participants in Developing pension systems for superannuated societal affairs. .^ workers. I should like to say as a professor of social Owning and operating 14,000 skilled nursing and work, that the national network on aging intermediate care homes. represents one of,the boldest steps ever undertaken Building and operating retirement communities in national, State, and areagencies. Older people in many parts of the country. are inv olved in the planning, decision making and Designing and manufacturing/urniture, clothing, sometimes in the delivery of services tO meet thek and food suited to the needs and preferences of needs or enhance the quality of their lives. older people. Reaching into ev ery country in the land, persons at Hiring older workers and offering retirement the local level are being signally successful, as you preparation programs. know, in bringing the energies and imaginationsof Contributing funds and skilled persortiel to . the pubitc,-priv ate, nonprofit, and corporate. programs for, older people in communities where sectors, into harness and for making ameliOrative their establishments are located. services and new opportunities available to the I have identified some of the significant activities thousands of older people eager to take advantage of public, private nonprofit, and corporate sectors of them. to communicate to you the widerange of actions More than 300 national nongovernment, profes- that have taken place pursuant to White House sional Sandoluntary organizations in health, Conferences on Aging. I..am confident that trus welfare, echication, housing and community service record of achievement will assure you Mat ybur fields have contributed directb;and through their investment of time, energy and wisdom will be a Jocal counterpatts, most of therr participants to the v alued investment in years to come for those older White House Con feence oil Aging. They have persons who are still in need and for these older made major impaus on Conference recommen- persons who want to'continue to be contributing dations and long:lasting commitments to allevjating Members to society. problems and meeting nerds of older people. The three previous national conferences on aging held in 1950, 1961, and 1971 produced an aggregate of well over 1,500 recommendations. 44. 67 As delegates, you are charged with being developed during the 20th century industrial catalyzers and advocates of policy anst action transformation has been giving way to widespread proposals on behalf of: recognition that increasingly healthy and longer- Yourself if you are an older person, lived older people represent a national resource The older people you represent, continuously valuable to society. Your future selves, because each of us hopes and As President Reagan said in addressing the State expects someday to be an older person. White House Conferences preparatory to the Thus, It becomes self-evident that we have a National meeting, "The elderly are a great vested interest in the future. resource, a resource that is too often left largely This 1981 Conference, like most White House untapped. We must find ways to encourage their Conferences, has two broad objectives. The first is contributions of knowledge, wisdom, and talent. to achieve a set of immediate, shop-range We are a society looking to renew itself. Who objectives inherent to the conference process: The better to turn to than those who know the society second objective is to recommend a series of we have been. Our renewal must grow out of the changes designed to enable older persons to live life richness of the past." 'with dignity in an environment that supports, to A White House Conference is not an isolated, the maximum extent possible, their independence. self-contained event taking place at a given moment With respect to the first purpose, a White House in time. Instead, the conference takes place withih Conference may serve -- 'an on-going milieu characterized by a flow of knowledge from experience, evaluation and To provide opportunity for a President to give research; meetings and conferences of interest exp.ression to concern over a problematic or new groups, communities and States; expressed or challenging social development; such as concerns of a variety of specialized groups: and population aging: . legislative hearings and enactments -- all aimed at To serve as a sounding board for-government changingthe direction for the people of America to officials or the Congress to obtain reactions to a travel in the decade ahead. In such a dynamic envi- proposed program or legislation: ronment, you have the responsibility to serve as an agent to develop pew directions for services and for To afford opportunity for interested persons to programs for our older citizens extending the range explore an area of concern and ,to formulate and depth of commitment and action on their policy'and action proposals that can be behalf. transmitted to the President, the Congress, and 1As many of you areaware, the United Nations to other decisionmakers in the public and privat 1.-sjillconvene a World assembly on Aging in sectors: Vienna,.Austria, in July 1982. The United States To broaden public awareness of a major, often through the Department of State and the problematic social situation: Department of Health and Human Services, including the Administration on Aging, has been a To increase the number of persons and major force in planning the Assembly. This first organizations committed to work with and on worldwide conference is dedicated to arriving at behalf of older people. proposals targeted toward meeting the basic needs All of these objecthes describe the preparatory and enhancing the quality of life of older people in work in which you have been engaged for many the developed and developing countries of the months and some of the activities of this week. wdrld. Th second category-of intended actions The recommendations from this Conference on ps ant to a White Hbuse Conference is that of aging will impact on this country's presentation to ltering the culture of social system. This may the Assembly and will be expected to impact on the include change in societal attitudes, values, social positions taken by the delegates. Some of the structure, intergroup relationships, or functions of results of ylur efforts will be heard around the institutions, agencies, and organizations. world. A fundamental change, for example stemming in In closing my remarks I should like to share with part from the actions of older people thems.elves, you a poem which I believe symbolizes the energized by, the succession of White House - potential role of older people in our society and the Conferences on Aging, has taken place in societal linkage in society between the young and the old., attitudes toward the later stages of life and toward 'older people: The pervasive negative stereotype of the aging process and of aging and older persons1 68 7 0 A \ The poem by Will Allen Dromgoole, is entitled, "The Bridge Builder", An old man, going a long highway, Came at the.evening, cold and gray, To a chasin, vast and deep and wide, ,4 Through which was flowing a sullen tide. The old man crossed in the twilight dim: That sullen stream had no fears forhim: But he turned, whenstie reach,ed the other side, And built a bridge to span the tide. "Qld.nian," said a fellow pilgrim near, "You are wasting strength in building here.: Your journey will end with the ending day; You never again must pass this way. Yoti-have crossed the chasm, deep and wide, Why build you the bridge at tht eventide?" The builder lifted his old gray head. "Good Frkend, in the path I have come," He said, "There followeth after me today - A youth whose feet must pass this way, This chasm that has been naught to me To that fair-haired youth may a pitfall be. He, too-,-must crosS in the twilight dim; Go 6d friend,.I am building the bridge foi: him." As we proceed in this ConferenCe, I pray that strength and courage will be given to all who work tor reason and understanding; that'the good that; t lies in every person's heart will be magnified: That you may come to see more clearly not that which divides you but that which unites you, and that you will plan for the future with confidence. la

71 69 programs exist to benefit the elderly directly or indirectly, activity is not synonymous with policy; THEFINChAtL7policy.;ets forth goals and programs, but activities intended to implement those goals often fall short of REPORTor sometimes contradict them. Three years later, in 1979, when planning for the Ffom Process to Policy1981 White House Con ference was just beginning, Robert H. Binstock of Brandeis University published an article in theNational Journal sttessing die important opportunity presented by the 1981 Conference to reVfiew national pOlicies on aging; clarify goals; and conskler means, costs., and the willingness of decisionmakers to take the necessary steps to achieve these goals. Binstock emphasized, as The wOrdpoficy is found nine tintes.ln the enabling did the 1976 University of Chicago conference, the legislation for the 1981 While House Conference on need to reshape policy agendas on aging, transcend Aging, the mostsignificant occurrence being in the usualincremental program revisions, and Section 203(c) of the Act calling for inclusion in the collectively confront the responsibility for amaging -final report of "a statement ofa comprehensive society. coherent national policy on aging." No one sectorof society alone could develop the Howpolicy develops, what the components of comprehensivecoherent national policy on aging ' Policy decisions are,.and even the definition of Policy nor be totally responsible for implementing it. have been subjects of much study and discussion in thePhase I and II of the operational plan for the 1981 last decade. Policies, whether self-imposed or set White House Conference on Aging provided for a forth by social institutions, have great influenceon social interaction process to engage many sectors

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Using these materials, a small team of analysts began to prepare the final report. Duplicate and , contradictory recommendations were identified, costs were estimated, and recommendations were grouped in new ways to make their presentation more coherent. From this procesi the centerpiece of this report, Volume 1, the Comprehensive Coherent National Policy on Aging gradually emerged. , *The texts of thtWments are included in this report: RePorts i. of tht Conference Committees are in this volume, beginning on page 72. The recommendations, supplementary statements, and additional views are included in Volume 3, startidg at page 81.. The personal judgments of delegates and observers, as measured by the post-Conference survey, are also in Volume 3, starting at page 46. ,

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. .1,1 , . or adequate incentives. Employers should be encouraged to hire older workers on a SUIVIMAVi pan-time, temporary, or shared basis, working on flexible schedules if they are able and REPORTS OF THE willing to work. . 2. Social Security recipients.should be CONFERENCE alldwed to earn die equivalent of the 'average earnings covered under Social Security, Without COMMITTEES , sufferingieductions in their Social Security; benefits. Supplemental statement: at least 20% voted for complete elimination of the earnings test. 3. sFederal, State, and local government /.. Under the Conference Miles of Procedure, should set an example by hiring the elderly and Committee chairmen'or designees were required to minorities. present at the final plenary session a brief . Supplemental statement: at least 20% summary report of recommendations, supplemental voted that funds should be available to statements, and additional views of their establish organizations to create job committees. Copies of the reports were made opportunities for the elderly nationally and available to each delegate. The rules required that further, that tax incentives be granted to the Chairman of the Conference put the question, private sector employers_ for hiring older "Shall the summary reports be accepted?".after workers. the presentations were concluded and that the 4. Any legislation encouraging part-time, question be decided without further debate or flexitime, or shared employment shall not result amendment. in savings of the cost of labor to the gmployer The summary reports of all 14 Conference by paying less than the usual wage for committees are presented below, each in its full-time employees or by elimination of fringe originql format. benefits for less than full-time workers. Committee 1 5. Educational programs should be utilized to Implications for the Economy of an Aging provide skilled training, job counseling, and Population placeinent for older men and women in order to iniliate, enhance, and continue their Chairman: Kenneth R. 4ustin voluntary participation in the workforce. Vice-Chairman: Anna V. Brown.. Staff Director: Ronald F. Hoffman B.Increased Savings and Investment Committee 1 passed resolutions in qixe major Be it resolved that: , 1. Policies should ,be followed that will subject areas: . A. Increased workforce participation increase the rate of saving and investment in the U.S. economy. B. Increased rates of saving-and investment C. Inflation control Supplemental statement: at least 20% voted that though we recognize the need for D. Income adequacy E. Social Security increased investment aimed at improved productivity and economic growth, this can The following are the resolutions and associated and should be done without opening up new alternative views, specifically designated as either tax loopholes that would unduly benefit . supplemental statements (representing at least a wealthy individuals and large corporations. 20% vote) or additional views (representing at least *NOTE: Committee I voted to dispense with the requirement a 10% vote).* that supplemental statements and additional views be. A. Increased Workforce Participation accompanied by signed statements, deciding instead, in specific instances where it was so moved, to use the votes on the issues Be it resolved that: to determine whether the statements would be included in the 1. We should reduce or eliminate all report. restrictipns Ortyolder workers with particular 2. LaWs and regulations limiting the rate of reference to mandatory retirement, age, sex, or interest institutions can pay to small savers race discrimination, and the lack of sufficient should be removed as soon, as possible. 72 ' .74 I )

3. In view of inflation, more tax relief should benefits available to older Americans such as be provided for the elderly who rely on fixed SSI, medical assistance, in-home services, and incomes from dividends, interest on savings meals on wheels. and U.S. Savings Bonds. Further, special tax Supplemental statement: at least 20% relief be given at the time of cashing in War voted that Congress should enact legislation Bonds and similar Government Bonds. giving the President standby authority to, 4. Tax incentives should be given to impose wage and price controls on a selective cOmpanies and corporations to provide pension basis in those sectors of the economy that are plans for all workers in the labor market. leading in the inflation surge. Private pensions should be vested after five Additional view: at least 10% voted that years of erhployment and should also be Congress should act promptly to rebuild the portable from one company to another if the personal income tax base by reducing or employee desires to change jobs. The spouse eliminating unnecessary tax expenditures -- should share in benefits if the worker dies. exemptions and deductions -- or cutting back or postponing the scheduled reductions C: Control of Inflation in personal income tax.rates in order to assure ^13e it resolved that: the achievement of a balanced Federal budget. 1. Inibtion is of overriding importance to the D. Incdme Adequacy elderly. The highest p1,4,rity should be given to macroeconomic polkles to stop inflation. Ile it resolved that; Inflation should be controlled by a 1. Consumer education programs should be program consisting of the following: developed and implemented for the purpose of preserving the economic well being of the ;. Moderate, steady;'and certain growth in elderly. Such programs must prevent consumer the money supply. Additional view: at least fraud and provide a forum through which p. 10% voted to oppose the above resolution. senior adults may advise producers and vendors 3. Reduce the.growth of Federal budget of their neecls. outlays. 2. An increased transfer program, targeted on 4. Reduce marginal tax rates., the poorest elderly, should be established consistent with the Bureau of Labor Statistics 5:Eliminate government regulations that Intermediate Budget for Retired Persons. impose costs well in excess of their benefits. 3. Widows, widowers, and single elderly 6. Balance the budget in an effective anti- individuals should be allowed to qualify as inflation plan. heads-of-household and to use the preferential 7. In those sectors where regulatory action tax rates. would be appropriate to promote price 4. Legislation should be enacted to remove or competition such action should be taken. substantially revise the adjusted gross income Supplemental statement: at least 20% limits on tax credits for the elderly. voted to oppose the above resolution. E.Social Security 8. The government af all levels should be Be it resolved that: wary of imposing any price, cost, or tax 1.Social Security is the retirement foundation increases or additions that catt be inflationary. for all Americans. Current eligibility 9. The government should refrain from - conditions, retirement ages, and benefit levels erecting new regulatory barriers that discourage in Social Security should be safeguarded. or lessen competition. Short-term financing problems of the system 10. The public obsession with the fallacious can be addressed through relatively simple inevitability of inflation must be overcome. means. Solutions for the longer shortfalls demand painstaking scrutiny. Reform should 11. There should beiegislation mandating cash enhance rather than diminish protection. discounts'in lieu of the use of ceedit cards. Supplemental stateTent: at least 20% Supplemental statement: at least 20% voted that the solvency of the Social Security voted to oppose the above resolution. Trusf Ft Inds should be guaranteed by the 12. The resolutions of this committee should infusion of funds from general revenues on be used,in ways that do not reduce current a planned basis:. 74 76 Supplemental statement: at least 20b10 Reflecting their concern that that OASDI benefit voted that the Special Task Force to be structure be preserved and enhanced, the appointed by the President, Speaker of the Committee voted: House, and Senate Majority Leader should be That the Conference strongly opposes any directed to study and make recommendations reducticfn in benefits being paid current Social as to whether the disparity in life expectancy Security recipients and strongly recommends between blacks and other minorities and that Congress and the Administration make persons in the majority population justify every possible and fiscally reasonable effort, different Social Security age eligibilityl with regard to the security of the Social requirements and/or different payroll tax rates Security system, to maintain no less than that reflect the disparity in mortality rates. the real protection which Social Security 2. Social Security payments shbuld be currently provides to all participants. increased on an actuarially sound basis for To restore the minimum benefit for present workers delaying their retirement beyond and future beneficiaries. age 65. To reinstate Social Securicollege student benefits for children of Vi nam. veterans. Committee 2 Economic Well-Being To maintain the early retirIent option with no change in current adjustments, to eliminate . ehairmani-Robert- Steele the earning test at age 65, and to provide Vice Chairman: Robert Bynum inducements for late retirement.'

Staff Director: Anthony Pellechio Of To increase the delayed retirement credit if the The Committee on Economic Well-Being earning& test at age 65 is not removed. recognized that over the past two generations this Nation has had a four-tiered approach to Rejected was the notion of tying benefits directly to providing retirement income, and that this employee's prior payroll tax contributioEs rather approach, while needing improvement, worked than continuing the current benefit computation. well. These tiers are (1) Social Security, (2) Also rejected was a recommendation to permit occupational pensions, (3).private pensions, and (4) Sociaj Security beneficiaries to choose to receive needs-tested programs. The Committee recognized tax-free, interest-bearing bonds in lieu of monthly that a strong economy is essential to the checks. This idea was subsequently submitted as a maintenance and improvement in any of these tiers. report Of additional views. The Committee therefore urged that the The Committee examined ways to improve the Administration and the Congress take steps to economic well-being of the elderly by strengthening control unemployment, interest rates, and the role of private pensions. The Committee especiallyinflation, which significantly affect supported: the elderly, Earlier vesting and greater portability of The Committee was greatly concerned with the individual pension rights; financial integrity of.the Social Security system. In its extensive deliberations on this subject, the Adecitiate funding of pension funds; Committee voted: Tax incentives for employers to provid That the_y_a_ditional means for financing Social pensions; Security, t e payroll tax, be preserved and that The requirement that both spouses agree to a the use of gènr.l revenues would jeopardize , waiver of survivor benefits. the liscal ingrity of the Social Security (OASI andI) funds;. In addition, to increase the purchasing power of That interfuncl- borrowing among the OASI, DI Income from private sources, the Committee and HI Trust funds be permitted; resolved that tax exempt levels in.the Federal income tax be increased significantly for each aged That a ponpartisan commission invest the Social individual. funds;- The Committee sought to make sure that every :rpm ,ncashed'Social Security checks be avenue be open for the/elderly to contribute to redited to the Social Security funds instead their own economic well-being by working. The of the general fund. Committee supported: 75 4i 77 Flexible work options, especially in the Federal In our deliberations we were cognizant of the go% ernment as a model employer. fact that we are presenting an agenda for a decade Preretirement planning. of progress. In the utilization and handling-of this great and growing resource of Older Americans, we Removal of the upper age limit and all fully appreciate that this agenda cannot be enacted exceptions in the Age Discrimination in in months, or in one year. We submit it as a Employment Act. blueprint forprogress in the 1980s. Yet there are Continued funding for Federal programs that many recommendations that have a greater sense of employ the elderly. urgency and must be addressed promptly by all Reflecting their concern for the most needy of the levels of government. We utilized heavily the excellent report of the elderly, the delegates passed the following Technical Committee on Older-Americans as a resolutions: Growing Resource. In addition, the report of the That SSI payments should immediately be Technical Committee on Employment served as a raised to the poNerty line and that eligibility valuable resource for our Committee. Indeed, the be detprmined without regard to assets. Committee adopted recommendations in both To eliminate the one-third reduction in SSI reports with only minor mbdifications. I commend benefits for those living in the home of another. these technical reports to this entire audience for their study, as they concisely express_rauch of this To raise the assets limit in SSI to $2500 in blueprint for the 1980s. the event that the assets test is not eliminated. One of our members created and we adopted a That veterans' pensions should not be reduced less technical summary: a Bill of Rights for Older for those receiving Social Security. Americans. Finally, after commending the Congress and the 1. The right,to be heard. Administration on their efforts to date in supporting Social Security and controlling 2. The right to economic well-being. inflation, the Committee voted to urge that 3. The right to function in the mainstream of Congress give full support to carrying out its American life to their fullest potential. resolutions, especially the one that cal,ls upon Congress to make every possible and fiscally 4. The right to freedom from discrimination reasonable effort to maintain no less than the real because of age, race, sex, creed, or marital protection that Social Security currently provides to status. all participants. 5. The right to freedom of choice in housing, In addition to the report of addhional views working, volunteering, health care, and mentioned earlier, a supptemental statement social lifestyle. carrying 35 signatures has beep filed which orses the principal recommendations of the The right to adequate and affordable housing. Technical Committee on Retirement Income of the The right to health maintenance and health 1981 White House Conference on Aging. care. Turning now to our more specific concerns and Committee 3 Older Americans as a Continuing Resource recommendations, our Committee is opposed'to all forms of discrimination on the basis of age and recommends that: Chairman: James Balog Vice Chairman: Consuelo L. Garcia The Congress be requested to enact legislation Staff Director: Ed Snyder ending mandatory retirement in the private employment sector, presently established at age 70, In the brief time available, I will convey the sense of what we accomplished together as a group in the thereby putting citizens employed in that sector on Committee on Older Americans as a Continuing plane equal to that provided for employees of the public sector. Resource. My remarks cannot do justice to the many Discriminatory policies should be replaced with excellent i'deas and recommendations of our group. positive efforts to retain older workers, who wish Our numerous recommendations will be to remain employed, such as part-time permanently recorded in the Report of the employment, flexitime, job scope step-down, Conference. job-sharing, and retraining. 76 6 7 8 Federal employment programs such as Title V of Committee 4 the Older Americans Act, should continue to Promotion and Maintenance of Wellness receive adequate funding. The voluntary departure of older Americans Chairman: Madge L. Myers from the full-time active work force provides an Vice-Chairman: Virginia Boyack, Ph.D. enormous reservoir of human resources and Staff Director: Holly Caldwell expertise for volunteer community service The Committee Agenda was made up ofve throughout our society. This is particularly true issues: in this period of our nation's economicrlife when 1. The role of nutrition, exercise, stress,nd community and social services are being cut back. activity in the promotion and mainten nce of The role of older Americans is crucial. The wellness wisdom, expertise, and moral guidance that older 2. The role of health, education across te adult Americans have accumulated is invaluable. life cycle We recommend that volunteerism be encouraged 3. The rol of the economics of wellnes by the continued development of an income tax T rol of self-care and mutual he system that rewards volunteerism through tax 5. Th rolef'Substance misuse incliding drugs, incentives and reimbursed personal expenditures, in the mai tenance and that Federal volunteer programs be maintained alco io and tobacco and increased. Further, we recommend that of wellness. National, regional, State and local voluntary The resolutions passed by issue are a follows: organizations and religious and other institutions be mobilized in this effort. ISSUE #1: The role of nutrition, ex rcise, stress, The security of their retirement income must be and activity in the prom tion and assured if older Americans are to be a continuing maintenance of wellness resource. Among several resolutions we offer in e it resolved that: this area, the' following two stand out: Go rnment agencies and priva e agencies be 1. If in its wisdom, Congress deems such action urged to disseminate informatkr to the elderly necessary, there should be a transfer of stressing: (1) the importance o good nutrition, general revenue funds to Social Security. exercise, and an active lifestylto their physical 2. Congress should eliminate the Social Security well-being; and (2) specific g idelines for doing "Earnings, Limitation" for older workers. SO. The Committee devoted significant attention to the To promote and maintain a ense of well-being among seniors, mental, spir tual, and physical question of minority rights. Indeed, Older health should be included iall concerns. Americans themselves have in the past been // under-represented in various Federal programs We should develop a national health care policy' such as CETA. Seviral of our resolutions deal i)vith that includes programs atiall levels of the fact that many programs do not equally ' community structure in erder to provide distribute benefits among minority groups. nutritional assessments, /exercise programs, and The heart of our national policy on aging thr the health care management' for, all citizens. '80s should be the promotion of older Ameri ans Nutrition programs for,older Athericans ihall as a continuing and growing resource. Our / include provisions for/nutrition 'education, recommendations are offered toward that geal. transportation services, and recognition of Older Americans are too often considered a special populations./Thif shall be done in problem. We are of the strong conviction Chat older Americans can be part of the soluticin to the partnership between public, private and 'challenges fa ing this country in the decade ahead. nonprofit sectors. Registered dieticians should be reimbursed by Medicare, MediCaid and private insurance for counseling services on physician-prescribed theraPeutic diets. MINORITY REPORTS: One supplemental statement in opposition to the resolUtion,on reimbursement of registered

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et es le s et ^ One addltional view that nutritionprograms-for relevant immunizatiOns, (b) periodic screening, the eldegy include speeial services for minority and (c) basic physical examinations for older populations. persons. ISSUE #2: The role of health education across the We affirm support of the HMO Act of 1973 as adult life cycle amended in 1976 and 1978. We recommend that the Federal Government's role be srehgthened Be it resolved that: by amending regulations that restrict Medicare Community mental health centers be required to reimbursement on a capitated basis. allocate mental health professional and support staff and funds pioportionate to the percentage Two additional view statements that any studies of older adults in the catchment area. of national health policy should consider cost implications of any service expansion. Since individuals make decisions regarding health and wellness, educational programs must One additional view that the Committee was address motivation of individuals. irresponsible in not discussing the fiscal impact of the resolutions it passed. Education in geriatrics, gerontology for ilvalth professionals including but not limited to ISSUE #4: The role of self-care and mutual help medicine, nursing, physical and occupational Be it resolved that: therapy, audiology, psychology, pharmacy, Self-care and mutual help programs for older podiatry,4public health, optometry, and dentistry peoplebe provided by public and private funds. should,be required by the accrediting bodies These programs will provide the consumer with for each of these professions. direct access to the health professional of their The elderly be further educated in the safe and choice, as needed for the promotion and effective use of prescription medicines, ahd that maintenance of health through self-care and industry, consumers, health professionals, and mutual help. government officials provide for the continued To remain independent, people with non- transfer of safe and effective prescription-only insulin-dependent diabges and cardiorenal and ingredients to nonprescription (over-the- hypertension problems inust follow carefully counter) status. plannedahysician-prescribed therapeutic diets by ISSUE #3: The economics of wellness and regimens. Counseling should be provided registered dietitians, paid by Medicare, Be it resolved that: Medicaid, and private insurers. Tax incentives be given to companies who To support mutual help, tax credits should be sponsor preretiremeat and postretirement and provided for families who are paying for home programs that include the promotion transportation, and maintenance of wellness. care assistance, respite care, other services for elderly family members who This Committee goes on record endorsing the either reside with their families or independently. passage of Hg 3827, sponsored by the A coordinated ProgAm should be developed to Honorable Claude Pepper, on June 4, 1981, and disseminate information to acquaintolder other legislation that will require reimbursement Americana in every community with all the of individuals for expenses paid for preventive available recources for in-home care. care and the maintenance of wellness. Self-care, mutual help, and health The Congress and the President shoulddevelop assessment/health counseling Wgramg be a national health policy, involvingFederal, established in, but not limitedo, such focal State, and local governments 'and the private points as senior multipurpose centers, meal sites, sector, which will cover all groups and which adult day care centers, religious senior centers, will guarantee all Americans full and and housing centers. comprehensive health services, irrespective and of incoe, and allow consumer access to . The Secretary of the Departmont of Health tion and assure national healthplanning Inman Services should encourage the private inform in and cotrok sector to support demonstration projects self-care. The Fe al Government should encourage prevpntive care to avoid institutionalization by The financial resources of local, State, and providing reimburseniene for such services as (a) national agencies, and health,insurance entities 81 s

be So designed that 'family meYnbers be paid a One additional view that no person be denied, wage for caring for loVed ones at home. phygician-approved medication because of Health assessment centers be established for inability to pay. .older Americans.as a special effort toward This concludes the resolutions, supplemental promoting and maintaining wellness. These statements, and additional views on our five would serve as health education resour:ce centers agenda items. There were three general minority and a.iheansof coordinating and ensuring reports as follows: appropriate use of health services. One additional view that the Committee did not The Federal Government should provide appropriately use the experts provided, and that financial support for the development of its resolutions wciuld probably have been nationwide demonstration projects in geriatric different and of greater ultimate benefit to the health P'romotion which include all the elements elderly if it had used the experts. of the wellness approach: self-respOkisibilitx, physical fitness, stress management, and One-supplemental statement that the nutritional and environmental awareness. Committee's report be voted on by the Conference separate from the other 13 .1 MINORITY REPORTS . Committees' reports. One additional view opposing any decrease in government regulation at prescription One additional view on this same (above) medications. request. One additional view in the form bf a report entitled. "Aging and Health: The Role of Committee 5 Self-Medication," submitted for the record. Health Care and Services One additional view opposing government Chairman: Dr. William R. Hunt, M.D. payment to family members for caring for Vice-Chairman: Dr. Jerald Schenken home-bound relatives. Staff Director: Larry A. Oday . One additional view requesting a cost-benefit The Committee on Health Care and Services passed 7----analysis of assessment centers and calling for no38 resolutions covering issues in four broad subject additional Federal funds to be spent on areas. We shall describe the resolutions, as well as assessment centers. the supplemental statements and additional views in. ISSUE #5: The role of substance misuse each of the four agenda areas. .including drugs, alcohol, and tobacco I. REIMBURSEMENT AND FINANCING in the maintenance of wellness. A. Four resolutions were passed, after debate, Be it res6Ived that: endorsing the following: We increase the taxes cin tobacco and alcohol 1. Tax credits as an incentive for families and lige the increased resources to promote to maintain elderly relatives in their public education programs to combat the homes; long-term harm of these substances. 2. Prospective pcyrnent, under Medicare Elderly people be routinely cautigned about the ./ and Medicaid, to institutions; potential hazards of drug-alcohol interactions. 3. Prospective payment, unfler Medicare and Medicaid, to practitioners; v'f14 public and private sectors combine efforts 4. Shifting of Medicare and Medicaid to a t irect a public education and service system that places greater emphasis on, campaign to disseminate inTormation concerning competition between third-party payers interaction.among drugs and between alcohol and health care providers. . and drugs. , , The Federal Government not subsidize toxic B., Three resolutions were passed, without' substances inc1urig, but not limited to,' alcohol, debate: endorsing: tobacco, pesticides; and harmful food additives. 1. Continuation of t e search for a National Health C Security plan;; MINORITY REPORTS. 2. Improvement and maintenance 0 the One additional view to delete the word health of all Americans; , "pesticide" in the resolution on Government 3. Strong penalties for-fraud in the subsidy of toxie substances. Medicare and Medicaid programs. 80 6.2 4

C. Supplemental statements are as follows: 1, An endorsement of catastrophic health insurance through private insurance , plans,; 2. An endorsement of a comprehensive national health care plan for all Americans; endOrsement of development of day , hospital services for the el4erly. D. One additional view was submitted endorsing tighter internal controls on recording Social Security payment checks received.. % II. RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND TRAINING A. Five resolutions were passed, after debate, endorsing the,following:

I. Additional education, research,-and pr. training in care for the elderlyas critical 4 for all health professionals; .t 2. Allocating funds for medical research to investigate the aging process; , 3: Education and.research to develop s ,quality long-term caie serviceS and maintenance of healih; 4. Federal fi,nancial help to. inc.:I-lice health practitioners to go into the practice of i° rtrA.A.amarkri geriatrics; 5. Educational programs to persuade all citizens to discontinue the use of tobacco. B. One additional ,view was submitted recognizing the International Year Of s, ,Disabled,Persons. III HEALTH CARE SERVItES 7 A. Six resolutions were passed, after'debate endorsing: . 1. Expansion of Medicare to cOvOr otitpatient prgscription 4rugs, eye exams, foot.care, routine dental care, .dental prosthetics and hearing Ails, , and to change Medicare/Medicaid policy to encourage greater use of non- '.institutionallong-term cart; 2, Expansion of mental health services for older adults; 3. Expinsiork of Medicare/Medicaid to inclade hospice services; a 4. Expansion of Medicare to include1urse practitioners, and physician assistant with respect to Medicare reimbursement ).. .. policies and without onsite physician supervision and to eliminate limits on

81 A eiv physician visits for nursing home patients; 6. That pharmacists review use of 5. Expansion of benefits for long-term medications in intermediate care care; facilities; 6. Expansion of Medicare to include 7. &ate legislation to expand-the role outpatient hospital laboratory services. of the pharmaast in drug selection, monitoring drug,use, and educating B.Five resOlutions-were passed, without debate,. endorsing: 'patients; 1. -Expansion of Medicare and Medictid 8. Location of health ana mental health for home health care and in-home agencies Within senior centers; s services; 9. Programs that provide services' for the 2. Expansion of Medicare for elderly should include provisions for comprehensive foot care; transportation; 10. HMO's accepting more elderly persons 3. Removal Of the limitations on Medicare4, \_ as members; reimbursement for mental health services; 11. A 'national health care policy for aged 4. Establishment of in-home care as a Native Americans. viable-alternative to institutional care. B. Four resolutions were passed, without with appropriate changes in Medicare debate, endorsing: reimbursement policy to accomplish this; 1. Research on health service delivery; 5. Expansion of Medicare to include adult , 2. Greater sensitivity to ethnic and cultural day care, hospice care and ambulatory differences in the delivery of health care e. services to the elderly; C. Two supplemental statements were 3. The elimination of fraud and abuse, and . submitted, endorsing: s administration inefficiency in health care 1. Health care payment mechanisms that programs; , recognize nurses as providers of a full 4. That the. official theme of this range of nursing services; Conference be ."Happiness is Being 2. Theiinclusion of case management Needed". services under Medicare. C. Four supplemental staterhefits were D. One idditional view was submitted submitted: endorsing dental care coverage under 1. Condemning the idea that, after quclear Medicare Part B. war, the,elderly woul0 have to eat contaminated food; IV. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEMS ' 2. That public and private policy secure to A. Eleven resolutions were passed, after all older Americans accesk to quality debate, endorsing: health care consistent with their own needs ind preferences and with' 1. Nationwide preventive programs such as maximum control over.their own lives; screening and nutritional educatidn programs; 3. Endorsing various rec6mmenclttions. by NRTA/AARP concerning health cart 2. Various financial incentive& to encourage and long-term.eare; health care providers to locate in rural 4. Endorsing the provision of access to one areas, small towns and inner-city areas; 3. The appointment of an ombudsman for single primary source of gooa primary health care and services in each State; care for each elderly person. 4. Additional positions for health care D. 'One a' dditional-view was submittea providers Ile provided in the Veterans endorsing mobile health, care systems. Administration to take care of the health needs of our Nation's veterans; 5. All senior citizens of this country V. One procedural resolution was adopted slating residing,in the U.S. Trust Territories that it was the desire of the committee that.the and Puerto Rico be entitled to the same questionnaire be issued in duplicate so that one rights and privileges as those residing in copy can go to the Gonference and another to a State; thetState Coordinator of Aging. .

82 4 'f Commiuee 6 Recommend 4he "swing-bed" concept between Options for Long-Term Care skilled and intermediate care patients. -c Chairman: Denham Harmon, M.D. ISSUE #5: Elements in a community support Vite-Chairman: Malcolm 0: Scamahorn, M.D. system Staff Director: Jo Ann Gasper Urge the adoption of a basic national social The Committee on Long-Term Care passed over 50 policy for long-term care. resolutiOns,which are highlighted in the following. .Public policy-should recognize pluralism in report. Similar Nolutions were introduced in many sponsorship. issue areas. Government should facilitate the development of a social insurance program for long-term care ISSUE #1: InforMal supports based on_a confprehensive data base with Support case management. actuarial information and financial Support self-help by suCh means as telephone : underwriting. cr, reassurance. Endorses a comprehensive national health plan- That families provide personal care for disabled that would include a long-term care older dependents'or reimbursement for such community-based health system. Until this is care. Federal income tax credits should be accomplished Medicare and Medicaid should be extended to family care. givers. States should be expanded. encouraged to provide tax credits for, or cash.. ISSUE #6: The role of insurance in long-term payments to family care givers. Furthermore, care respite scare should be readily available through 'Federal and State programs. Health personnel should be trained in holistic &ippon increased coordination among programs care. and common definitions for all healtli and The Committee passed a resolution which stated human service programs. that the following resolution "be included .SupeOrt needs assessments, care in the least verbatim in the three-page final report..." restrictive environment, and comprehensive "Income is vital for community based services; ,.community based support services. since Social Security is vital for older perions to ISSUE #2: ,Integrated social and medical care have monies for long-term care, let it be proposed: Recommend public policy support and encourage long-term care that recognizes need We affirm our belief in the fundamental validity fot social, psychologieal; recreational And of th'e Social Security ustem as the foundation spirit4 services. Medical needs alone should of economic security far all Americans. To this not determine that total living environment., end, we strongly urge adoption of the following # Outreach activity should be a part of the service recommendations:

deliver)", system. ,1. The Social Security Minimum_honefit must be ISSUE #3: Integrated mental and physical health preserved for all current atrd future care beneficiaries. 2. As a general principle, current levels of Mental healthshould be an integral part of a benefits for Social Security recipients must be comprehensive long-term care health and social maintained or raised, not reduced, and service deliverj, system. cost4T-living increases granted to all ISSUE #4: Balance of institutional and recipients at the currerftly specified time, noninstitutional services without unnecessary postponement. 3. As a matter of principle, efforts should be Support expansion of geriatrics and \ made to continue the expansion of Social gerontological training at postsecondary Security coverage to include all gainfully education and at any schools receiving Federal employed persons. dollars. 4. We oppose any change in Social Security to a Recommend th6t the reimbursement system be voluntary social insurance program. Modified so thatindividual reimbursement rates will bebased on quality and quantity of patient We also s,trongly endorse the position on Social cafe. Security as stated in "Eight for the 'Ns."

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1 1. Safeguard current eIigibilityc,pnditions, A ISSUE#10/Needfor Bill of Rights for long-term retirement ages, and benefit lêV1in Sociar care Security. Social Security is the foundation of . Access to service should be available without economic security for Americans of all ages: regard to race, creed, or color. However, Short-term financing problems of the system individuals should retain the right to express can be addressed, through relatively simple cultural, fraternal, and/or ethniic heritage. means; solutions for any longer range Congress should fund the National Judicial shortfalls demand painstaking scrutiny. College or similar institutions to train judges Reform should enhance, rather than diminish, regarding special legal needs of older persons. protection. Older personsshould be assured an income that Support ombudsman programs, legal serv ices, will maintain a level of dignity and comfort. increased compensation, improved working Any person receiving care in a long-term care conditions, qnd professional opportunities for system has the right to free access to spiritual long-term care personnel. care. ISSUE #7: The welfare responsibility Hope care agencies should be regulated. LPNs, nurse aids, and attendents in long-term , Recommend that the hospice concept be care facilities and home health agencies should nationally recognized as a fiscally sound care be certified. option for the terminally ill, and furthermore Nursing home owners should be thoroughly that it include education and coverage under investigated before receiving a license to operate. Medicare and Medicaid. Supports ombudsman. _ General revenue funding of public retirement to Federal policy must continue to provide insure viable income support. minim& standards of care. Be it resolved that all older Americans be Endorsed cciniprehensive rights of older persons. afforded the same rights and privileges .by Supplemental Siatements Federal legiilation, regardless of place of 9 .. residence brr4r the U.S. flag. Priviate health insurance carriers be encouraged Recommend that nursing homes should receive or mandated to provide long-term care benefits. adequate reimbursement iates for "heavy-cdre" Multiple-entry points. elderly individuals. Encourage physician home visits. Meets the current practice of deeming income Suppbrt services should be expanded. off an institutionalized spouse from the resources Fiscal impact statement on WHCoA resolution. of the noninstitutionalized person. Accept that Guaranteed access to a continuum of care. The family members should be encouraged to ult mate responsibility for guaranteeing access ci provide supp1emental support for the care of sh uld be the Federal Government. loved ones. timum benefits, alternate deliry systems, consumer choice, anti employme t of private ISSUE #8: Foderal, State, and local structures for capital. % leadership Additional Views , Ling-term care policy preamble'. Defines responsibilities of Federal, State and Rights of senior citizens community long-term care. Health education. Support pilot channeling proposals. Post-Conference questionnaire mailing process. . Support contiating Federal leadership.in Definition .of community care and congregate or long-term care. pultipurpose centers. Public funding for emerging community and 7 individual service.to fill gaps. 6 4 Long-term care developed under Old Americans Act.. ISSUE #9: .ReleVance of age in-long-term care Age not relevant in concern for long-term care. Endorse better-implemented and new legislation regarding elderly abuse. ,ter Provide prospective funding for such programs .0°

as HMOs. -* 84 ,? Committee7 aier people should be provided choice in their Family and Community Support Systems living arrangements, and benefits should not be reduced because of these choices. Chairman: Adelaide Attard Programs should be developed and supported to Vice-Chairman: William G. Fisher protect frail older adults from abuse, neglect; and Staff.Director: Constance Horner exploitation in institutional', family, and other ssettings. This men contains our recommendations for An income floor consistent with maintenance of public policy for a comprehensive continuum of health and dignity should be established. services to enable older persons to maintain their A cpmprehensive cost-effective continuum of 'independence and exercise their right of choice. services system should be available to older persons The report calls for coordination of,private and wherever they live through coordination of.services, public Tesources and linkages between the family public and private, and with an effective and both forme-mid idformal support systems. monitoring system that provides for quality The recommendations were developed in three asSurance. general categories: Legislation for tax credits, family allowances, .1. The formal support system and reimbursement Systems should be enacted. 2. The informal support system Medicare, Medicaid, and tax incentives should 3. Alternative approaches to social support prcriide increased in-home services and a variety of reimbursement sysrems for home care to families FORMAL SUPPORT SYSTEM We affirm the validity of the Social Security systemand unrelated individuals. Federal volunteer programs should be as the foundation of economic security for all coordinated and recognized as part of the gross Americans. These entitleinents must include national product. ..A.preservation of the current levels of Medicare and The provision of the Older Americans Act Medicaid funding; the Minimum Social Security mandating targeting of services to the most needy benefit; and maintenance of current levels of should be included in the reauthorization and benefits with cost ofoliving increases at the vigorously enforced. currently specified times. Safety should be made a national priority with Federal funding should be provided for basic and funding to assist,States to develop anti-crime applied research on family and other informal support caregiver roles, with dissemination of programs. findings of such research. SUPPLEMENTAL STATEMENT Religious groups should work with public and A conference of this kind sets goals for a decade. private, agencies to assure integrated services to Legislative bodies decide which programs can be meet spiritual concerns. funded and how. 0. The Secretary of Health And Human Service ADDITIONAL VIEW should convene a panel to-develop strategies for There should be support for senior centers at all more effective incorporation, of thereligious sector,'levels of government and the private sector. 'consistent with the First Amendment, into the continuum of support services. INFORMAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS Formal and informal family and community Public policy should encourage greater support systems-for older persons should be intergenerational understanding and support. strengthened through gerontological education and National policy should serve to encourage and training of personnel in health and'human services strengthen American Indian and Alaskan Native family'networks to preserve cultural strengths and systems and for older persons, family, and other 'e caregivers. diversities. One basic -applicat ion form should be used for Individuals who hold professional licenses siiould all programs based on income eligibility. . be grantedretiprocity among States to use, their Legal assistance should be available to older professional talents as Volunteers, without charging Americans in home and community settings with a fee, under the auspices of nonprofit ;adeqUate public and private funding. organizations. The Older Americans Act should remain a There should be reevaluation' of Federal separate and distinct Federally-fundedcategorical prohibitions with respect to pets in federally program, not subject to block grant status,in orderassisted housing. z to maintain the structure of State and area-agencies Utilization of volunteers for transportation' " on aging. services shOuld be encouraged through4provision of 7 85 insurance coveraie, reimbursement of expenses, or income tax incentives. . Cultural, bicultural, and bilingual programs and services should be expanded. Services should be provided regardless of citizen status or geographic location and should be targeted to the disabled, socially isolated, and financially needy. ALTERNATIVE AiPROACHES TO SOCIAL SUPPORT There should be continued Federal Government - support and encouragement tb States to utilize present waivers under Medicaid, and expansion of such provisions under Medicare for day care, respite, and other community-based services. 'A wide variety of affordable and accessible housing should be available. Many details with respect to the implementation of the recommendations are included in the final report although omitted in this summary. SUPPLEMENTAL STATEMENT A conference of this kind sets goals for a decade. Legislative bodies decide which programs can be funded and how. ADDITIONAL VIEWS There should be support for Senior Centers at all levels of government and the private sector. The responses to the post-conference questionnaire should be sent to Washington and the State Coordinators on Aging. The Conference Chairman should allow the Committee reports to be voted on individually.

Committee 8 Housing Alternatives

Chairman: Nicholas A. Pantrzio Vice-Chairman: James N. Broder Staff Director: Helen Holt

1. Equity Conversion - - Voluntary mechanisms should be developeU to enable older homeowners to convert their home equity into income, while remaining in their own home. Research should be done to provide information, counseling, and protection. 2. Shared Housing Shared housing should be included in a comprehensive program of hotising forolder Americans. Churches and other local groups should be encouraged to utilize existing sizable residences for older persons, and zoning regulations should become more flexible. Section 8 rental assistance, SSI; and food bb stamps should be available to shared homes 86 participants. HUD and VHA should make 11. 202/8 homes aailable. Federal government should continue the appropriation of funds and provide for HUD 3Granny Flats or Accessory Apartments administration of Sections 202 and 8. Encourage local governments to develop zoning or land tise regulatiops to allow for adaptations 12. Displacement to meet housing needs, such as granny flats or Federal, State, and local governments must accessory apartments. enact laws to protect the elderly from . displacement due to demolition of mobile home 4. Manufactured and Mobile Homes parks and rental housing and the conversion of Local zoning laws should allow the utilization. rental units to condominiums and cooperatives. of manufactured and mobile homes that meet minimum standards of construction. 13. Rent `Assistance Adequate rent assistance should be provided to Energy Governments at Federal, State, and local levels low and moderate income elderly renters to should adopt a comprehensive approach to enable them to remain in their current energy-related problems that will result in more residence or seek adequate replacement readily available services for the elderly. housing, and all existing programs should be Weatherization should be included in all continued to enable all low and moderate programs, and all programs shbuld stay at 1981 income elderly persons to live in affordable rental units. The current 25 percent levels. rent/incorne ratio should be maintained. 6. Energy Assistance 'Financial assistance in the form of a block There should be an effective Federal energy grant should be provided to States for circuit assistance program within a single Federal breaker assistance. Rent subsidies should be agency to proide financial assistance to restored for Section 8. The implementation of low-income elderly and infirm with 'flexibility a voucher system should ensure that elderly are and authority granted to States. (A voucher helped at an adequate level of assistanCe, and concept with payments direct to vendor can increased Federal and private housing exist with CDBG program) assistance should be provided to include 7. Condominiums provisions for at least 200,000 units of housing. Recommend that condominium conversions be 14.. Rural Housing monitored by Federal, State, and local A concerted effort should be made to develop gocernments and that displaced elderly be given housing opportunities for poor and minority preference in Federally assisted program? elderly in rural areas of less than 2,500 8. Number of Units population. No fewer than 200,000 units for the elderly 15. Inclusion of American Indians should be provided within all levels of Federal legislation should specify that gcnernment and the private sector. Keep the American Indjans be included in all sections of 202 program at no less than 20,000 units proposed housing legislation. annually. Efforts to protect the elderly from displacethent should also be considered. 16. Pension Fund Investments We support the changes in Federal regulations 9. Housing Goal to.allow investment by pension funds in Reaffirthation of the soal of Housing Act of various types of housing.for the elderly 1949 calling for "a decent home and suitable through the elimination of restrictions on living environmpt for all elderly families." pension fund mortgages and equity Government must be an active partner.with the investments. private sector in helping oldeE Americans. 17. Feder4 Mortgage Insurance 1-0, 202 Federal mortgage insurance offered by FHA HUD Section 202 should be continued as a and similar programs offered by Farmers Federal initiative to provide housing for Home Administration should be continued. low-income elderly4to live independently, and 20,000 units should be produced annually, 18. Amer4can Indian Elderly especially for lower income elderly who need The Ameiican Indian eIderly should have the specially designed facilities. opportunity for suitable housing appropriately dt 87 constructed in a manner and location of their 28. Congregate Housing for Impaired choice which they can reasonably afford. Congregate Housing for the functionally 19. Investment impaired should be continued and expahded. We urge Federal and State regulatory The Federal Government should allow commissions to allow utilities, banks, and other communities to tailor construction and financial institutions to invest in ,bonds for rehabilitation of exisiting housing to meet elderly housing facilities. specific needs of the impaired. 20. Public Housing 29. Rural Elderly In determining tenant rent share in Regulations pertaining to Federal programs Federally-assisted housing, Out-of-pocket (i.e., FHMA) should be made more flexible to medical expenses should continue to be, a include needs of rural elderly. recognized dkuction from gross family income 30.Tax Incentives for Family Provider for elderly persons. Government should provide tax fficentives to 21. Territories the heads of families that provide for the housing needs of elderly family members ih Housing options and opportunities available to their own homes or in on-site -dwellings older Americans should also apply to elderly provided that a reasonable means test be' residents of the Virgin Islands, Guam, applied to both the provider and the recipient. American Samoa, and Puerto Rico. 31. Cooperative Housing 22. Security and Crime Prevention Through appropriate Federal policies, The development of public housing exclusively encourage and supportestablishment of for the elderly is an effective method for cooperative housing privately 'owned and promoting security among housing residents. financed by conventional institutions, including Cortversely, in age integrated housing, crime National Consumer Cooperative Bank. prevention procedures should be emphasized. 32.Role of AoA 23 Tenant Eligibility The Administration on Aging should have the Modify HUD regulations so that two persons responsibility tor planning, training, and not related by marriage will be income eligible coordinating support.services in congregate for a subsidized housing apartment. housing, specifically'management. 24. Rent control 33,Crime "Protettion Congress should pass no law,,nor should there More stringent penalties should be,imposed for be any.action by the Executive Branch of. the crimes of every nature against the.elderly, government, that would in any way interfere including required prosecution of youthful with or,penalize any State or city go/ernment . violent offenders as adults., , that operates a prograrri of rent control to stabilizelhe rental housing market and protect Zoning the legitfilate interests of landlord's, tenants, We urge local authorities to recogniie the and the public. responsibility blevery comniunity to assist in providing hOusing alternatives for the elderly 25. Design and to so designlocal ordinances. HUD should review cost containment benefits of efficienc-y units, which should be based upon 35.Block'Grants good, efficient design. We support the chlitinuation of the Cohimunity Development Block Grant Program 26i Design funded at the current level of 1982. We urge that facilitiesfor congregate living and sensitive design features be considered 36..Income Linlits in Urban and Suburban Areas necessities to allow the elderly to live HUD regulations shmild.be changed to allqw independently and that standards be based on residents to pay-rent according to their income. gerontological research. In addition to the resolutions, minority, .1 ,277 Site Selection Congregate Housing Services statements werihitroduced. These Were: To.minimize costs, sites for elder& housing (1) Housing assumed for shared housing by should be located nearer related services. chuiches and religious institutions should Community accessibility is*portant. remain on tax rolls.

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(2) Windfall profits on oil should promote the Transportation development of energy sources to provide Be it resolved that: assistance to low-income individuals and families. a 1. The coordination and consolidation of (3) State and city gmernments should enact transportation services include all public, legislation and provide tax incentives to private, and volunteer providers; encourage the continuation of existing 2. There be appropriate, adequate, and flexible rental housing. transportatioz systems for rural and other (4) Congress should be urged to implement the isolated areas; recommendations of the Alternative 3. A communications system be established for Housing Committee in a manner consistent senior access regarding transportation facilities; with the best interests of the elderly 4. Escort and bilingual services be provided where ,population in holding down the rate of the needed; country's inflation. 5. Liability insurance and tax incentives for the (5) Expression of ppposition, to the resolution private sector and volunteers be provided; placing regulation on owners of buildings 6. Adequate funding from all sources be who contemplate conversion. The motion appropriated for transportation in sparsely violates the basic right of property .populated areas; owners to do with their property whatç, 7. There be coordination and Sonsolidation, they wish and the motion does not where feasible, of the existing 130 Federal address the financial needs of those programs for the elderly and handicapped and to be assisted. the 144 Federally financed trahsportation programs. Additional views introduted were: (1) Encourage legislation for,tax credits to Employment Tsirivate industry for construttion oLelderly Be it resolved that: housing. (2) Provide Federal tax credits for families 1. Private and public sectors develop employment caring for elderly, grandparents or parents time-sharing plans; .who reside with them or independently in 2. Insurance and personnel problems be resolved both urban and rural areas with IRS to enable industry to hire older Americans; regulationsdn conformity with those for 3. Any compulsory retirement age designation be Child Care Tax. Credit: eliminated; 4. The provisions of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act be enforced; Commutee 9 Conditions for Continuing.CommunitiParticipation 5. Special programs to train older re-entty persons.be developed; Chairinan: Martin A.. Janis 6. Cottage industries be encouraged and promoted Vice-Chairman: Katie DusenberrY, in order tp provide an outlet and an income for older Americans, especially-in rural areas. Staff Director: Ralph Stanley . This Committee cOnsidered the broad tOpics of Legal 'Services Transpôrtation; Security at Homeand on the Be it resolved that: Street; Special Concerns; pmplownerit; Lega[ Services; Cultufal;,Educational, and Recreational 1. Adequate funds from, all sources be made Services;,Multipurpose Senior Centers; ancf available to provide older Americans' a full Volunteerism: Approximately 137'prqp9sals were range of legal services; considefed. Throughout the.deliberations of this , 2. Members of bar associations and law firms committee, a consistent emphasisfrom the (especially older lawyers serving as ombudsmen participants,was the need for older pepons to and lay advocates) be encouraged to help meet become more self-reliant-and to discoNer ways to the legal needs of Older,Amejicans; help. themselves, thus mitiimizing their dependence 3. The Older Americans Act retain legal services upon Federal, State, and local assistance prOgrams 'as a mandated fund,ing priority; and services. The delegates,unanimously approved 4. The Legal Services Cqrporation be continued and have as a high priority legal assistance for the following summary, of the recommended proposals. older Arnericans.

89 es Cultural, Educational and Recreational Services 9.Consumer protection education and assistance Be it resolved that: be provided via the media and other 1. The Older Americans Act be amended to community resources; inchade cultural services within the meaning of Through legislation, those convicted of fraud be required to make proper restitution to the social and community -services; . 2. All government agencies and private victim; institutions recei g public funds and involved 11.Mandatory and severe penalties for crimes in the arts andumanities enforce the Age against older persons be enacted; Discrimination in gmployment Act; 12.Plea bargaining be banned and parole denied 3. The Office of Statistical Policy of the to those convicted of crimes against older Department of Commerce research and collect persons; data by specific age categories to be used in 13.For juveniles who commit crimes against older implementing Federal programs that address persons: the educational and cultural needs of older a) they be prosecuted as 'an adult, if 16 years Americans; of age or over, 1 4. Skills and talents of older Americans be b) requirements be made to make parents utilized to provide cultural, educational, provide restitution to the victim, and vocational, and recreational services, with c) the offender's name_be made availableto an emphasis on redressing illiteracy. the public; 14.Legislation to eliminate needless delays in Security at Home a on the Streets criminal court procedures be enacted; 15.Detailed specifications in building codes for Be it resolvedat.._.--- 1. Law enforcement personnel should: security (e.g., locks, doors) be included when a) be more aware of problems of older building senior citizen housing; 16.The Congress and the President be urged to persons, b) be more.visible in higntrime area's, assist State and local agencies in providing employment opportunities-for unemployed c) consult senior citizen advisory boards on crime against older persons, youth; d) inforni crime victims of erailable services,. 17.The incidence and impact of crime against older Americans be carefully evaluated and e) keep acCurate statistics, , f) increase coordination between law reported to tthe public. enforcement and social service agencies, Special Concerns and Be it resolved that: g) crack' down on fraud and abuse schemes; Older Americans be guaranteed an income 2.Comprehensjve crime prevention education and sufficient to maintain an adequate level of self-protection techniques be readily available dignity and comfort; at the local level; 2. Current social security provisions(4., 3. Emphasis be given to the establishment of eligibility conditions, retirement ages, benefit community crime prevention programs (e.g., levels) be safeguarded; Block Watch); 3. The integrity of the Social Security trust fund 4. ietim assistance programs, utilizing senior be maintained; aides, be integrated into the network, of aging 4. Self-help be recognized as a viable means for services; older Americans to: 5.Federal, State, and local levels legislate a) help build econornic security, assistance and compensation for victims and b) practice preventive health.measures,,and witnesses (e.g., emergency benefits, restitution); c) maintain interest and involvement in the 6. Older Americans on fixed incomes receive community; assistance to increase the physical security of 5. "Rural area" be officially defined as '`a their residence; . pqpulation densitg of no more than 100 7. Efforts be made at the Federal, State, and local persons per square mile"; 16/el to protect victims and witnesseg from 6. Federal funding formulas be developed that intimidation by 'a suspect; - reflect service delivery costs inrural areas; 8. All States be encouraged to enact laws to 7. All organizations work to dispel negative prevent elderly abuse and to provide, ,myths, images, and stereotypes of older appropriate services to those abused; Americans; 90 92 8. Elderly services be coordinated and consolidated in all sectors at every level. 9. Resources (e.g., expertise, services, facilities) of the religious sector be more fully utilized by both the public and private sectors in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of. programs for older adults. 10. A copy of the results of the ballot relative t9 (a) (he committees, and (b) the individual resolutions from delegates and observers from a particular state be forwarded to the WHCoA State.Coordinator for that state. Multipurpose Senior Centers ; Be it,reiolved that a multipurpose senior cetiter be located in each community by: I. Pooling Federal, State, and local funds for new- construction, or expansion, and rehabilitation ctL",e of existing structures; Mtak 2, Locating or co-locating needed services (e.g., transportatiort, health, 'nutrition, public,

benefits, recreation) in such centers;. and _ 3. As-stiring that all services and programs are free ker._ from physical and language barbers, 1_ .' Volunteerism Be it resolved that: 1. The public and private sectors should promote volunteer activities by older Americans; 2. The public and private sectors sliould provide older Americans with training Od opportuhities to use their knowledge and skills as volunteers; 3. The.public and private sectors shbuld provide incentivek for volunteer opportunities; and 4. Programs such as Foster Grandparents,RSVP apd Senior Companion be encouraged to continue and expand. Supplemental View Be it resolved that: . Since the life span of many members bf minority groups is significantly lower than the population at large, a life expectancy scale for such groups should be used to calculate program eligibility. j.

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0 Committee 10 status, health; social functioning, and life, Education and Training Opportunities satisfaction of older people should be given the highest priority for funding and made available and Chairman: Bernice L. Neugarten accessiblNoallolder Americans immediately. These Vice Chairman: Gerald Fe land& uust be effered under a wide variety of auspices Staff Director: John K. Wu iAcluding both public and private organizations. I wish to begin by thanking these persons, the other High on the list should be job training and retraining members of the staff who worked so diligently and programs, work-related preretirement training, skills effectively, the resource persons, the observers, and and knowledge training, leadership and volunteerismt especially the two volunteers who gave us special training, survival, and cultural opportunities.. assistance, Ms. Julia Hambelt and Mr. Henry Included here are programs for displaced Drennan. There are 157 members of this Committee. homemakers and WorkAtraining for those women After two very excellent keynote addresses byMr. and men who need to work and who lack readily ( Harold Johnson and Ms. Margaret Arnold, the marketable job skills. Attention should be given to Commntee began its deliberations by reviewing the both formal and informallearning oppoctunities by rules oldie Conference, and by establishing a -both paid and volunteer teachers who are older .quoruni. persons." The group was an excellent and hard-working one. A number of specific recomniendations arethen After agreeing on a tentative agenda, a preliminary addregsed to'specific government agencies and preamble,and after adopting three resolutions, the programs, including but not limited to the Older Committee recognized that to continue in this time- Americans Act, theAdult Education Act, and consurning-manner was counter productive. National Endowment for the Humanities programs. Therefore, the Committee managed to work' out a Allpersonnel involved in the delivery of procedure whereby each member had the educational services should be required to have opportunity of malung input and a procedure by gerontological and/or geriatric training. The which more than 109 separate proposals were Federal gdvernment needs to work with combined into a relatively small number of major institutions of higher education as well as with piofessional, scientific, and community et reCommendations. 1 Because of time limitations, I shall summarize and organizations to develop an educational strategy paraphrase. to prepare personnel, including older adults Our report will open with a preamble: "It is the themselves considered opinion of the Committed on Education Because many of theproblems of older persons that education is not only an inherent right of all age are due to lack of kientific knowledge, funding groups, it is a necessity for a society struggling to through many Federal agencies must be increased achieve a fuller measure of social justice for all immediately for.gerontological, geriatric and Americans irrespective of age, race, sex, economic s. policy research, and research training; the new status, color, handicap, territorial residence, or and old information should be made available for national origin. Specifically, it is our collective incorporation into appropriate curricula atall judgment that the recommendations of other White levels of education, beginning with early House Conference committees cannot be childhood-education,. . implemented effectively unless older people have' , access to a full range of educational.programs in To combat ageism, it is recommended that the keeping with their needs and interestt, unless they are U.S. Commission on Civil Rights or some other served by personnel who have been adequately appropriate body fully investigate and document prepared to serve their needs, and unless older people the nature and scope of age prejudice in the live in associety which has been enlightened about the _United States, and prepare a series ofe. processes of aging." recommendations detailing intavention Qtir major recommendations are grouped strategies, including those addressed to the public according to that sector of the society which we education systems, the informal educational believe bears the major responsibility for agencies, the mass media, and business and implementing each one. industry. First, under the heading, "The Role and Under "The Role and Responsibilities of State Responsibilities of the Federal Government": ". Government": A completerange of basic and all other levels of State gOvernments should continue to shaig;

educational programs to improve the economic . responsibility with the Federal governmentAnd

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the pri4te La..h.qtate liould designate a independently anclirough their organizations, unir of as go% ernment.to define and rank engage in programs designed to preserve and priorities regarding the educational needs of its facilitate the teaching of the wisdom and older residents from all socioeconomic and ; kriow ledge gained through their years of ographik.al areas. These units should be gianted experience. Older Americans should seek resour..es for a leadership role in the de% elopment opportunities Wihereby they willbe actively, ot needed program> to monitor financial 4 in%oked with students in all leyels of education as programs in the field of eduLat ion and to ensure teachers and in a, wide N ari et y of supporting roles; that dis..rirnautorY praLtiLes based on .age are This preamble and these major recommendations corrected. spelled out in greater detail than reported here Spe..ial attention shouldgo toward eaucating w ere adopted in a single action ofethe Committeeon personnel admanstrator's in both thepublic and Wednesday mor,ning by vote of.105 to 7, The pri%ate sector. Committee then voted the adoption of "fbur brief Because medi..al sLhools, nursing school, additions and then N ot edi n line with the Rules of pharma..juil..al schools, and other training the Conferenceto make use of suppremental progranb for health Lare pro% iders shOuld include statements and additional N iew s , as-deemed einphas on the problems and treatment Of appropriate by individual members, person> o t ad%anLed age, training in these areas, All these actions were completed by.11 AM oh w here% er appropriSte, should.be considered-as a Wednesday, and with no further businessbefore the condition tor graduation certification, and body, the.Committee was adjourned. Itcensure. , Under "Role and kestionsibility of Educational SUPPLEMENTAL STATEMENTS lnstitptibns and Professional and Stientific , Organizations": The Comniittee delegates entered 19 supplemental We urge edu..ational institutions at all leels and statements. Three made additions and corrections to edu..ational organizations, both formal and the main Committee report. Six addressed the needs info'rmal (or example, libraries andmuseums) to of.special interest groupsrural, Native Americans, gi% e high priority to de%eloping programs to transportation, and peer,counseling. Eight edu..ate and train sentor adults, personnel sering stateMents suggest specific trainipg and educational ,the elderly, , and the general public. - programs, includingdevelopment of low,cost In a similar % ein, scientific societies and training packages, citizenship education, study associations of professionals ser% ihgblder people . circles, minority and bilingual professionals to serve, must de% ote more attention toThe irriplications of the elderly, and neW work, options for older persons. an aging society for their respectkeMembership. Two additonal resolutions concern fostering Educational programs in geriatrics and volunteerism throulh reciprocal learting and geront9logy must be de%eloped for bdth pFeservice teaching programs in the private sector and and ih:service practice. improving the status of ACTION. Under "Role and Responsibility of Organizations , in the Private Sector": ADDITIONAL VJEWS - It is essential that 'private profit and nonprofit' organizations, including business, inClustry, trade The delegates entered 14 additional views for the unions, and %oluntary.11ealth, ci% ic, social welfare record. iihree addressed the Federal role in terms of and religiOus organizations', take steps to . tuition tax credits, support of education for self- guarantee appropriate aLcessibility to older adults.'sufficiency, and lack of need for a new Federal aging in all their eduLational programs. Prkate sector agency. Pour others concerned advocacy training, organizations should become athocates for both .leadership roles, peer teaching, and use of elderly educational opportunities for the elderly and:for *. eCpertise. Four adjitional views focused on special public education about aging. It is important that group needs of Native 7Nrnerccan, residents of the prkate sector be encouraged to pro% ide territories and trusts,,minoritiesand the,visually education for retirement. imPaired. Three others were miscellaneous. Under the heading, "Older persons": Madam Chairman, I respectfully submit this Older AmeriLans must thernsek es assume reportin the, name of our Committee on Education, responSibifity to ad% ocate for their own interests and ih doing so, I should like to commend all those with those who 1. ontrol and direct the ploision of who worked A) diligently and so harmonioysly in its educational services and programs and should, preparation.

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9 Committee I I .4. that a model for a continuum of care other tlian Concerns,of Older Women a medical model be provided; 5. that a nonemployee spouse me continue the Chairman: Rep. Josephihe Oblinger working spouse's health insurnce - without a Vice-Chairman: Mildred Althouse physical at the death of the wdrker, at time of a Staff Director: Lesley Edmonds . divorce, or if worker is disabled; Under Income Adequacy.Committee #11 passed five 6. that a national heap program be designed recommendations on Social Security: containing cost and quality.control; 1. to adopt the recommendations of the Technical 7. that preemployment training be a condition Committee on Retirement Income; precedent for nurses aides hiring set forth in 2. that cost-of-living increases be granted to Social conditions of participation of the Federal Rules and Security recipient on a semi-annual basis; Regulations; 3. that Title XVI of the Social Security Act be 8.,that Medicaid and Medicare procedures and amended to raise benefit levels to 10% above the forms-be streamlined so that the'reimbursement poverty level, increase allowed resources, eliminate period will be shortened; and "in-kind" resources competition, eliminate one- 9: that Medicare and Medicaid beexpanded9 third reduction for living with relatives or others, and cover pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, dentures, glasses, etc. 'to expand SS1 program into the territoriei and Puerto Rico; A group of 10 recommendations On the qu'ality of. 4. that the guaranteed minimum income for all life encompassed cooOrative public/private older v. omen at set at Bureau of Labor Statistics intergenerational programs, continued funding for Intermediate Budget for a retired couple and 75% serv ice centers and C.D. block grants,tax incentives of this for a single person; and forcare for the elderly by family and relatives, a 5. that women receive credit in quarters for those concerted effort toward solution of problems years dev oted to child bearing and child rearing. peculiar to the rural elderly, and a balancing of the Pensions v. ere addressedip fiv e recommendations: defense budget and social programs. Also, that 1. that v eterans benefits be maintained at current minority elderly be serted by multilingual programs'- lev els for veterans, their widows, and children, hich will prov ide education and training, attitudinal 2. that Ci%il Serv ice employees be given cost-of- rtaining, and inclusion in planning and living adjustments, fully indexed, on basis of CPD policymaking. Too, that adequate funding be annualfy and that pensions received by spouses of allocated for the Energy Assistance Program, that all deceased workers not be taxed; levels of government provide subsidized housing at 3. that in ERISA, a break-in-service rule be affordable prices as well as a wide variety of housing prov ided so prior credits will not be lost, and alternatives leading to independent living for as many 4. that private pensions have earlier vesting, elderly persons as possible, that the Internal Revenue equitable surv iv oroptions, pensi6ns rights be Code be amended to allow a taxpayer the service of a recognized in a div ision of marital property at time tax deduction or tax credit if atependent person of of divorce, and encourage plans to provide at least 65 years or older is included. 50 percent of worker's pension for surv iving sponse. The expansion of employment opportunities for Three recommendations were a:dopted under legal elderly,women included such diverse rights of women: recommendations as: special coupseling and training . 1. a "Bill of Rights for Older Women"; centers to be carried out by Area Agencies on Aging 2. retention of legal ervice programs under the and/or community organizations; provision of Legal Serb ices CorporatiOn and the Administration alrernatives tb full-time employment including part- on Aging; time, flex-time, job sharing, and phased retirement; 3. a recommendation to require the ratification of provision of consumer education as evidenced in ERA through leadershiPcif the Federal Government. Presidential Executive Order 12160; emphasis on the The 9 health recommendations addressed promotion and importance of planning and saving for retirement; prepafation of the Older woman for included: . I'. that Medicaid programs should include care in survival, forcoptng, for giving, and for learning other than nursing homes; through p'reretirement planning and education; 2. that charges under Medicaid by feeagencies provision of gerontological information to the should be on a sliding scale; younger generations to address theproblems of 3. that the Federal Gov ernment should enact a intergenerational conflict; dispelling sterethypes of Medigap Insurance bill; elderly women and recognizing them as a national

95 'resourLe, Loinmending Marva Collins of Chicago on should allow any threatened priv ate programs the her-educational program for children which could right of appeal. and should be expanded to include untrained older The aging netWork should include religious women, and, ensure that v, idows, divorced Women organizations, which have extensive resources for and other elderly single2ersons be classified as dealing with problems of aging, as partners in their heads of households. activities. A reLommendation was passed that research pe We strongly support the longstanding partnership initiated to ensure that the needs of special groups of between the government and the religious and the elderly are documented and appropriate voluntary sector idprov iding human services to programs based on thesedata be developed. needy persons,especiallythe elderly. Transportation is a very real issue in rural A supplemental statement concerned the r6les of America, and the Committee reLommended that an religious organizations and the importa)ce of appropriate and adequate portiot of local, sfate, and spiritual aspects of elderl9living. Fccleral resources be allocated for development of a Topic 2: Roles, Responsibilities, and Contributions transportation network in rural areas, and that Title, of Priv,ate Enterprise III money be allowed for the repair and 'maintenance of buses and vans for the elderly. Corporations in America should donate a full 2 Several additional 'views were filed: 1. opposition ,percent of their pre-tax e'irnings to the social service to the ERA resolution;.2. opposition to several Socialneeds with some contributions designated for the, Security recommendations by placing an emphasis on elderly. mflation as the cruelest enemy of the elderly; 3. '4 The business community should be encouraged to opposition to the recommendation of commending pro ide strOng leadership in pursuing public-private Marva Collins because stress was placed on one cooperation; should apply its expertise to promote specific model of education and training. voluntarism; and should participate actively in I arnerybarrassed but pleased that the delegates in training, counseling, and education programs to Committee #1 1 passed a resolution expressing their contribute to the well-being of the elderly. gratitude to the Chairman,-Vice Chairman, staff, and The States and ate Federal Government should resource people. Wein turn wish to commend the facilitate voluntarism by the elderly by providing tax delegates of Committee # 1 1 for their enthusiasm, incentives, such as deductions for expenses, so that dedicatibj, and productivity. all Am&icans are encouraged to contribute their efforts. Asupplemental statement concerneda positive Committee 12 stance by the private sector in addressing the Private Sector Roles, Structures, and Nation'sneeds Opportunities Topic 3: Older Americans as Volunteers, Leaders, 'Chairman: George E. 1)avy and Resources Vice-Chairman: MalCcilm-Mael(illop examine the roles in Staff-Director: Richard English which the elderly can serve as 'V-Oitiiiteers and develop The Committee on Private Edctor Roles, Stpuctures, roles that utilize the abilities bf the elderly at the and'Opportunities has the responsibility of highest possible levels, should examine new ways to considering participation of private sector failitate participation by the elderly, and should institutions in addressing the problems of the aged undertake outreach activities to strew the elderly that and the participation of older Americans in private their services are appreciated contributions to the sectormstitutions. It adopted resolutions and community. Governmental policies that inteffere accepted supplementary statements and addilional with voluntary participation in caring for the elderly v"/iews accading to seven topics. , should be eliminated. The Administration on Aging should recognize Topic 1: Older Americans as Clients of Community itnd support cooperatives so thatsolder AmeriCans Service Agencies and Voluntary can produce goods and services for themselves and- Associations, others. Because loLal, private nonprofit voluntary - The private sectorshould prothote job trainingand organizations have provided many esseintial serv ices counseling for older Americans who wish to hold to the homebound elderly throughout history, the jops pr volunteer, especially for minorities, the Federal Government should not engage in any handicapped, those in rural areas, and women. activity that would weaken these private efforts and We encourage the private and public sectorsto

96 I . support and expand ACTION's Older American The private sector shoula fulfill its responsibilities Volunteer programs, so the elderly can continue to for the eakonfie Security of the elderly. hat e4he satisfaction of contributing their knowledge Supplemental statements included portability of and skills. " pension rights and opposition toomandatory rights in Topfc 4: Older Americans as Consumers of Private. collective bargaining.- Sector Goods and Services Topic 6: Employment Opportunities for Americans Older (Ilan 65 We support an immediate, determined crusade to ,change the stereotypes of older persons by Older Americans should have the oppOrtunity t? implemetiting_anatiorial poay to koject a more ork past the age of 65. Mandatory retirement pawl% e image of older Americans as persons vho are should be abolished, and the upper limit of age 70 respected in our s.ociety. should be removed from the prohibition of age Because inflation has perv asiv e destructiv e effects discrimination in the Age Discrimination in- on the elderly and inflicts great harm on the ability of. Employment Act. v oluntar.y. associations to raise funds from oluntary Th'e 50(Vo joint and survivor option should be Lontrihutions, we Lail upon all Federal policy makers required to be signed by both the employee and to adhere to polkies for sound eLonomic grow th spouse and the 500,10 joint and sup, iv or option should without inflation, firms in the priv ate sector to be provided automatically toSUNiN ors of employees restrain prices, and all Americans to support actions' v ho die in the 10-year,,period prior to the normal that address the causes qf inflation. retirement age in the pension plan. Adequate funds should be made available from Business should expandefforts to give older priv,te and public sources so the elderly will have a workers needed options, incentives, and training with full range of legal set% ifFes, and the Legal Serb ices job redesign, flexitime, and part-time employment. Corporation should,-.Ontinue to provide high-qtality Changes in Social Security should be made to ease . assistance to tiriv ate efforts. disincentives to extended wolt and to make pensiOn We encourage private sector cooperation to 4plans more actuarialy neutral. Private business redesign he'alth benefit plans offer* apprOpriate should be given tax incentives and other means to irkentiv es for cost containment w hile meeting health encourage the increased use of older workers. The needs. Social Security Task Force should be encouraged to The public and private sectors have a joint stipport legislation to allow more employment responsibility to achiee a higher quality of life for optionS and to provide incentives td remain in the aging Americans. work force. . Supplemental statements addressed use of general Older Americans must have the opportunity to rev enue funds for Social Security, discounts for ow n and operate new businesses with all appropriate senior citizens; utility ,"lifeline" rate4 the prices of . incentives. food, shelter, heat, and health care; and the The private and public sectors should undertake 'termination of energy service for nonpayment of cooperathe research efforts to support flexible. bills. employment policies. Supplemental statements concerned the use of ..evn. .the skills,pflhe minority elderly. Governmental policies should strengthen the pension system by encouraging individuals to make provisions for retirement income without mandating private pension coverage. Appropriate incentives Should begiven to employers and employees to establish Individual .Retirement Accounts to make IRAs attractive to lower paid employees. Pension funds should aggressively explore pdssible prudent investments which will benefit retirees. The pension rights-of retirees should be a mandatory subject of collective bargaining. Congress should remove the employment requirement for nonworking adults and encourage IRAs with wide publicity. Federal employees should pay into the Social

Securiv system. 4* 97 e Topic 7: Employees and Retirement Planning the-expansion of SoLial Security co-s-erage to include all gainfully employed persons. We oppose any The priv ate sector should Jead in encouraging change in Social Security to a voluntary social Amerkans to plan and prdpve for grow ing old. insurance program. Reform should enhance rather All private sector employers should offer their, than diminish protection. -a employ ees a full range of preretirement Lounseling Federal and state governments and their political ter% ices, including information lbout work and subdivisions should plan;finance, and facilitate s olunteer alternativ es, retirement benefits, health implementation of a continuum of services to meet the Lare, and uses of leisure time beginning before the needs of the elderly including both those wholive age 50. in the communityand those who are institutionalized, Private sector employ ers should be encouraged to tailored to individual needs and deliverd without change schedules for employees approaching regard to race, religion, sex, national origin, physical retirement to give them time forolunteer vs ork.. or mental disability, or source of payment'. Older persons should be particlpants in dev eloping All public programs for the elderPy should be sers ices benefiting the elderly to enhance monitored by all levels of government to ensure: I) independent lis ing, reduce loneliness, and pros ide protection "of the rights and.benefits of all elderly rewarding opportunities for soluntarism. Those maorities and 2) proportionate representation and _oser 60 y ears of age should be pros ided half fare participation of minority elderly in policy and rates on the Amtrak system. program planning, and service delivery. The elderly I Employ ers should continue their commitment to and the minbrity elderly-should be specified as, the well-being of their employees by continuing , targeted groups. group health insurance cos erage for retirees. A comprehensive tax incentive should be The pris ate sector should consider the unique developed to assist families maintain and support needs of the rural elderly and sponsor programs that their elderly members in the least restrictive setting. meet thoseneeds. Rural areas should be defined as The integrity of a mandatory social security system those with fewer than 100 persons per square mile... should be maintained by the Federal Government. The pris ate sector should urge the passage of a -Mandatory rairement based on age should be federal law to establish appropriate mechanisms for abolished. Older persoils should be given the option toordinating and des eloping better transportation to of retirement.at a self-determined age. theelderly iii the rural areasand that !iris ate Pris ate sector' errn5loyers should be encouraged to transportation systems by solunieers and retailers of use tax incentives co pros ide preretirement training all ty pes should be gis en tax incentives for pros iding and adequate benefits by contributing to pensions transportation or deliSery of goods and services for and insurance policies. Retirement policy .should theaging, particularTin rural areas. guarantee pension portability and 'provide for part- time work opportunities. Committee 13 The Administi4tion on Aging should aggressNely Public Sect ctures pursue a campaign to elirriinate ageism. , Chair n: Doris Dealaman Which approach - age integrated or age segregated Vice-Chirman; Constance St. Clair Solan or a combination of both - should be the-basis of Staff Diector: Robert Brown aging programs? Existing program entitletents and services based on This d. o ittee was chargedw iAaddressing age, including Medicare, nutrition programs, questions o e roles, responsibilities, and policies reduced fares, special transportation, etc., for elderly of government 11 levels with respect to the security of all cultural heritages shall not be eliminated or and quality of life fo slder Am ricans in the next reduced. decade. Whaeshould be the respective functions of The resolutions adopted fall into the following Federal, State, and local governments? categories: The Administration on Aging should fully and W hat should be government's role? effectively implement the Older Americans'Act in The SoLial Security minimum benefit must be that aerviees must be targeted to the eldeirly with t-he preserved. Current levels of benefits for Social , greatest economic or social need. SeLurity recipients must be maintained or raised, not Federal, State Ind local governments should reduLed, and Lost ofing without unnecessary' coordinate and delineate their responsibilities in the postponement. Efforts should be made to continue programs for older Americans.

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The Older Amemans Aa should remain a separateprograms and services relating to Nusing for aged and distinct Federally funded categorical program persons. Efforts must be reade to educate with no changes by substitution of block grants. practitioners and potential recipients of existing The,Department of Health and Human Services, services. Housing programs and services should be Administration on Aging, and State and area audited and monitored externally_ agencies, in cooperation with minority aging organizations, should develop a nationál pont.) for What optional approaches are available to enhance ensuring minority representation at all levels of agingpublic-private partnerships? planning, poliOmaking, and serv ice delivery. . The Federal Government should guide the formula- Incentives are needed to encourage State tion'of an integrated public policy on aging to ensure guy ernments to gq beyond the Federal requirements income security and the right to employ ment for all in assessing the status of the aging, establishing older persons, maximum flexibility and appropriate action.priorities, coordinating Programs, and authority to State and local government; prov ide tax pooling resoUrces. and financial incentives for the private sector The needs of older persons and minorities should (including corporations, emploYers, foundations, receive equitable consideration w hen funds from insurers, voluntary organizations and families) to block grants are distributed, and blocir, grants shouldexpand their r6le in supplementing and enhancing be adequately funded and subject to minimal Federalgovernment funds, and to remove the funding rev iew to ensure that the intent is carried out. barriers that inhibit the flexibility of the private Comprehensive service delivery systems for older sector and local government in developing better people at the cominunity level must be completed in coordination of services. the:1980s, building and improving on the Older Apequate funds must be made available from Americans Act foundation of partnership among public and private sources so that older persons will Federal, State, and local jurisdictions anOhe private have a guaranteed full range of legal serv ices. Bar voluntary agencies and corporate sec4ors in the associations, private law firms, attorneys, and law provisicin of health and social services. schools should be encouraged to piovide legal The structure and delivery of human serv ices . assistance, education, and research. Ombudsmen, shout(' recognize and reflect the diversity of lay advocates, and older paraprofessionals should be residence, culture, and language of older persons. involved in advancinglke4egaLeanaerns of older An outreach system should be established that people. The LegabSeree 'Corporation, which was eliminates language and other communication recommended by the 1971 White House Conference barriers which interfere with the effectiveelelivery on Aging, should continue. The Older Americans system of services to minority elderly. Act should continue to allow fOr funding to insure an All senior citizens of this country, no matter whereeffective system of legal services'. they reside should have all entitlements for services Many elderly people are w to volunteer their of the citizenship. services in many areas but are litnited due to high cost The Federal .Gov ernment should take appropriate of operating their automotilles. Government should executive action to ensure that the Department of encourage volunteerism and help pay transportation Traniportation and Department of Health and expenses for older persons to extend an agency Homan Services deVelop common approaches, service. coordinated planning, and complimentary regula- By the year 2005, basic independence for 100To of tions and policies to ensure the effectfve and the elderly from tax supportedandpersonal efficient delivery of safe, secure, and frequent programs should be achieved. Basic indep.endence is transportation services to the transportation needy. defined as that condition in Which less than 50 These two federal agencies should develop a single percent of perkmal income and need are provkled technical assistance program for local by the public,sector. transportation services. Funding for these The Older Americans Act and Federal programs transportation services must not be at the expense affeciing rural elderly shall define "rural area" as So of the provision of social services. Operating stated in the Rural Development Act of 1972 (PL subsidies and capital assistance for public 92-419), as a population density of no,More than 100 transportation shuld be continued. persons per square mile, and Federal funding A concerted effort should be made byall levels of formulas should be developed to reflect local government and the priv ate sector with the aging conditions of senior,services delivery in rural awns. network, as defined in the Older American Act, as Innovative methods such as intergenerational the focal point to coordinate and consolidate' programs, volunteering and job sharing should be

100 102 instituted in the public and private sectors to enable Legislation on Protective Services.'Sevtrcshould the elderly to be productive, provide for psychological, legal,nd financial The appropriate role of gov ernment is to do for themanagement assistance through existing aging Indiv iduals and society in general w hat indiv iduals network and should be delivered at All times pursuant cannot do for themselves. The Fedesal Government to the principles of "least trestrictive alternatives:" should assist State and local gov ernments, and a The Federal Government should develop a single partnership should exist between the government, theapplication form for hunian service programs to be N ol untary sector, and the priv ate sector. The major used at local serv ice entry points and coordinated by responsibility for seeing that essentialserv ices for thethe aging network. Further, the Federal Gov ernment aged are available must remain the responsibility of should develop and prov ide for transfer to the local government, whether prov ided by gov ernment or the lev el the computer program necessary to minimize private sector. As part of the social support system, the information needed, make differentials among the Federal GON ernm ent must create methods to the programs and convert the information into promote greater cooperation and coordination program relev ance and eligibility determinations. among governmental, civil, and religious The Federal Government has the greatest authority organizations to ensure maximum public input in and potential for making adequate resources -planning for and providing all human services. av ailable and the capability to deal with major problems. Through-technical and fiscal assistance, the

.. How can intergovernmental relationships and public sector must facilitate the efficient exchange of procedures most effectively be organized? services from those who provide the services to those The Federal Government should continue to exert in need of the services. leadership in improving life quality for the elderly through the establishment of minimal standards and What should be the structure and delivery sy stems the assurance of equity in treatment and serv ices for,for achieving objectives of aging progrims? all older Americans regardless of income, race, sex An outreach system should be established to and physical or mental condition. eliminate language barriers for minority elderly. The All levels of government take actions to counteractFederal Gov ernment should establish policy for all negative attitudes of employers, the general public, minority groups to set age eligibility for Medicare, .. the media, and seniors themselves towards continuedSSI, OAA according to demonstrated life or new employment of older persons. We should expectancy. ., promote older persons as a national resource by A surviving spouse should receive from combined public awareness initiatives supporting positive Social Security benefits up to current average benefit images of aging by recognizing and productiv e $374. Rural elderly need supplements to home health contpbutions of older persons. Educational ind, care to allow them to stay in their own homes. public relations programs should be initiated The one great need.of the elderly in rural areas is . emphasizing the employability, skills, andother homemakers and home health care service thus resources found in our older population, permitting the elderly to stay in their own hoipes The Federal Government has a responsibility to which they prefer and save the huge sums being paid provide for older people basic entitlements and for nursing home care after they are forced out& services in such critical areas as 'income their own humble homes. maintenance, health, housing, protective and legal Senior Employment Service (TV of OAA) should services, and safety. be funded for at least 54,000 positiong`. Aslistant ' The legislativ e division of the Federal Gov ernMentsecretaries for elderly should be established in the . .should assure its senior citizens that funds it Departments of HUD, FHA, and HHS. distributes under the Older Americans Act and other Congress is urged to: a) rev iev, and reauthorize the related federal funds beallocated to States, tribes, Older Americans Aci of 1985 to be amended, b)- and territories, not just on a population' basis but restore programS that have suffered budget also in cOnSideration of economic variables such as reductions whenever possible, c) eliminate cost of living, degree of poverty., energy duplication, and d) provide the greatest degree of requirements, minority population, and rurality, flexibility possible,for all older Americans programs .The U.S. Congress should enact legislation at the regional, State, and local levels. recommending that States adopt legislation The Administration on Aging should implement complying with uniform standards for PrOtective the requirement in the Older Americans Act that Services for adults incorporating the provisions priority for employment in aging programs be given stipulated in Springer and Regan's "Model to those 55 or more years of age. ,

. . 4 101 -1,. ..)1 .. The position of Counsellor on Aging to the President should be reestablished. rtifiscellaneous 'Reestablish the single or8anizational unit.. requirement in the Older Americans Act. Require food products to be labeled in large print with contents listed understandably. E4ct legislation to convene a national conference in 1986 to review status of resolutions adopted at 1981 WHCoA. 1==t Promote the American Indian people's right to self-government by honoring existing treaties, and continue Federal support to programs included in such treaties. Enact legislation to phase out the earnings limitation under Social Security. Continue to reauthorize the Older Americans Act. Enact legislation to amend the Older Americans Act to provide fOr specific provisions for the Pacific American Territories on Aging. The Federal Government should allow States to create a "voucher type" system that will enable beneficiaries to seek needed services in a freely competitive service environment. (Supplemental Statement) In view of the fact that most elders prefer to remain in their own homes as long as possible, public policy should provide in-horne and community 'services - and that legislation should provide . adequate funding. Older persons should be included in the plahning and delivery of their own social services'and special attention should be accorded .to"the unique heritage, language, and life styles of older persons. Because of accumulative and devastating affects of human service cuts, we strongly recommend that essential human service programs be protected from further cuts and that prior cuts be restored. That there be no increase in defense spending without applying the same measure of'acCotintability and avoidance of wasteful administration, as allegedly applied to justify the continuing reductions of the human services budget.

102 gi , comnitnee.14 v denominations. They Include-people living.in cities Research and people living in rural areas. They include.the .well and the frail. Among them arelnore than 2 Chairmah: Edward M. Young million persons..aged 85 and over. Vice Chairman; Janice Caldwell The committee adopted 18 specifigAsolutions in Staff,Director; Stephen Gibbens'.. the social and behavioral areas'. Among them Were: . IniroduCtion . ,l. Research is needed-in thearea of work and The Committee on Research dn Aging wishes, to employment to delineate opportunities, skills and emphasize the magnitud,e of the nationatoociak, .the potential for training for older perso,ns. and personal problems involved in the growth of 2. Reseakh is needed on the iss)les of retirement . the aged popttlation and to point out that the age and'retirement income and the options a:ouisition, communication and implementation of available to older persons. which will enable them new knowledge about all aspects Of aging are the to continue as productive members of society. only means by which these problems will be 3. Research is needed on the living arrangements of reduced,_ alleviated, and ultimately eliminated. older people to determine those aspects of houting, It ithrough expanding knowledge about the physical environment,tdd.sodal support systems fundamental processes of aging, health care , which enable persons o best niaintain themselves delivery, familY.support, work and retirement, in the community. among other issues, that we will improve the 4. Research is required on the role of older people well-being of older Americans and make it possible,in the changing American family, on the for them to continue to live prciductive lives. . relationship between generatfons, and on the.effect The ofierarching goal of' the aging research on society of the emergence of four- and agenda for the coming decades should be to create five-generation families. and make avaifable an adequate and appropriate Biomedical Research knowlecrge base about the processes of aging, the The Researcif Committeeacted upon 19 proposals' Air state of being oId, and the utility of solutions to that impinge on basic biomedical research, and problems that interfere with the well-being of thoserecommendS enhanced support of reseatch at the in the later decades of life. We should work tOward molecular, cellular, nnd organismal levels to clarify four specific objectives in relation to this expanded the bases for the Physiologic decline that knowledge base: accompanieS aging and renders biologic systems A. A synthesis of the results of biological, social,both less efficient in normai function with the psychological and cultural research efforts, so that passage of time' and increasingly susceptible to wemay achieve the understanding .we' do not now disease processes. The goal is.t() understand the have about the total process ot aging and the wholeprocesses of normal aging and the mechanism's aging pers0. whereby they render the individual vulnerable to B. An active four-way exchange between disability and disease and to retard the rate of research scientists, older persons, policymakers, aging, and by these means to render older, and practitioneFs in the field, to encourage the individuals physiologically and functionally, formulation of morecreative research questions younger than their chronologic age. Useful and the acceptance and application_of new biomarkers of buman aging shoukl beeitatLished knowledge. to assets the effects of intervention. C. A joint effort between the research The Committee emphasizes /he following4; community and the many diverse cultural, racial, categories: tl) research into ceniral nervous system and ethnic minority groups to insure that the function as it affects behavioral disorders including knowledge base adequately reflects the unique depression and suicide and the enormous problems situation of older people in these groups. of senile dementia, particularly of the Alzheimer's . D. An evenhanded distribution of effort between"type: (2) health promotion and disease prevention basic and applied research in order to benefit from whereby the period of healthy active life can be the special contributions to the knowledge base thatlengthened by preventing the disabilities and eacfi will make._ --diseases of age; problems of nutrition, bone Social and Behavioral Research metabolism, alcoholism and environmental People cannot be understood apart from the carcinogens should receive special emphasis; (3) the environment in which they. live. The 25 million further development of basic research as it relates', Americans aged 65 and over include persons of all to geriatric medicine; and (4) studies of human ethnic and cultural groups and all religious productivity, whereby the nature of the clianges... ,

. . . . . mearch scientists needs Ai, be expanded to restricting participation in a socially productie .% lifestyle are examined, with concentration on those ...,address,the Substintive questions defined by the changes particularly harmful to productiVity such ,' Reseech Committee ancrother Commigees of es decline in memory:hearing loss-, and reaction the ConfeLence, . . , time. ' .., . Ttie financing of aging research, research . Research on Service Delivery and Quality of Life training,, and demonstrations needuro be The role of relearch in theiservice delivery atea expanded to approximate the level of support needs to be expanded stibstantially, . , given to.research by priyate industry, or about The mere availability of a service does,not , 2% of all Federal expenditures for the aged. ,. . ensure that the targeted group will reFeive it or that ,/s,.,-;esearch results need,to be disseminated so that- it is an 'appropriate service that addresses the these research finclIngs can be quickly applied to identjfied need. This situation is particularly true in the situation of the elderly. situaiions involving the Minority elderly. There are only limited data on effective modes of Greater emphasis needs to be plaied on,the tools service delivery. There is need for evaluations of of research: adequace data bases, cell andanimal/ present modes of delivery of these services as well . , modelsresearch facilities and equipMent. as exploration of alternative ways td enhance this. To maximize the contributions a research tc! the service delivdy. , , lives of the elderly, special attentiOn should be The overall goal of clinicil.and health services 4r .given to ihe coordination of research on aging in research in-geriatrics/gerontology during the 1980s the Uni d States with that of othertooperative should be quality of life, emphasizing maximum . - nations. functional independorice. ThisAmplies the. . / .development and testing of strategies that will The Fedetal Government should better , achieve the least restrictive environment -while coordinate its.research,acdvities in order to

offering appropriate and proven interventions to . best bring research to bear on tke lives of , Older people. . older, people. The repertoire .of potential clinical research ,to be Multidisciplinary. research centers on aging, done in geriatric medicine and geropsychiatry is preferakly regionally distributed, should be almost 'boundless because of deficiencies of . established and further developed. knowledge in this' area. Clinical research focuseg.on chronic disease, diiability, and accidents, which wo together represent the primary caUses of premature death and serious impairment of function. Among

. the problemS leading to major disability which involve a multiplicity of organ systems are

« dr incontinence, sensory deprivation, and . inappropriatenutrition. There is a need for careful -='-' ilifilalTrielrdiVVTherrorifilleTierigliiding drug therapies, rehabilitation strategies, and the Use of new kinds -of milieu inter.ventions.- . :In the health care and social service delivery area , there is amajor need to examine how these services ...can be better organited and integcated to meet the needs of the elderly, how more efnciency can be achieved; and where more investments of effort,are likely to be most.effective. . . Restaith Resources and 'Organization Of Research The Committee reached the conclusion that fhe organization of research 31:2n' aging and the resources , devoted to this research in both the public and .\ private sectors are currently inadequate. The ,committee yreeolved that: , The pool of trained geriatricians; social

scientist , biomedical scientists, and other 0 104 19G .0

to develop recommendations and plans for actiorrto meet the challenges and needs of older individuals, consistent with the APPENDIXES objectives of this title. (2) In developing programs fpr the aging pursuant to this title, 1 emphasis should be placed upon the right and obligation of older individuals to free choice and self-help in planning their own futures. AUTHORITY OF 'ME PRESIANT AND SECRETARY; FINAL REPORT SEC. 203. (a) The President hiay call a White House Conference ' on Aging in 1981 in order to develop recommendations for fur.ther research and action in the field of aging which will further the policies set forth in section 2024The Conference shalfbe planned and conducted under the direction of the Secretry in cooperation with the Commissioner on Aging and the Director of the National Idstitute on Aging, and the heads of such other Federal Appendix A departments and agencies as are appropriate. Such assistance may include the assignment of personnel. 1981 WHITE HOU.E CONFERENCE ON AGING (b) For the purpose of arriving at tacts and recommenelat.ions ACT concerrung the utilization of skills,xperience, and energies and (P.L. 95-478, Tij le II) the improvement of di; conditions of older individuals, the ' . Conference shall bring *Ater representatives of Federal, State, SHORT TITLE and local governments, professional and lay people who are SEC. 201,. This title nfambe cited as the "1981 White House workingin the field of aging (including researchers on problems Cruiference on Aging Act". of the elderly and the process of aging), and representatives of the general public, includipg older individtials. "e FINDINGS AND POLICY (c) A final report of the Conference, which shall includva SEC. 202 (a) The Congress finds tlfat stat1ueot of a comprehensive coherent national policron aging (I ) the number of individuals fifty.five years of age or older was t ether with recommendations for the implementation of the 1,Proximalely 43,000;000 in 1976, and will, by theend of this policy, shall be submitted to the President not later than 180 days century, be over 57,000.000; following the date on which the Conference is adjourned. The findings and recommendations included iti the report shall be (2) nearly 5,200,000 indiv iduals fifty-five years of age or older immediately available to the public. The Secretary shall, within 90 had incomes below the poverty level in 197k as determined by days after submission of the report, transmit to the President and the Federal Government; to the Congress his recommendations for administrative action (3) there is a great need to improve the eLonomiL wen-being and the legislation neLessary to implement the recommendatiog of older individuals; contained in the report. . (4) there is a great need to make comprehorisiveand quality ADMINISTAATION health care more readily avallabk to older individuals; %SEC 204. (a) In administering this title the Secretary shall (5) there is a great need for expanding tI4 aypilability of suitable (I) request thc cooperation and assistance of the heath of such and reasonably priced housing for older individuals, together other Federal departments and agencies as may be appropriate, with services needed for independent Or semi-Independent living; in carrying out the provisions of th7 title; , .. (p) there is a great need for a more comprehensive and effective . (2) render an reasonable assistance, including financial octal servicedeliveryNystemfoiolder individuals; . assistance, to State agencies on the aging and-to area agencies (7) there is a great need for a more Lomprehensiv'e long term on aging, and to other appropriate Rrgahizations to enable them Lare po4y responsive to the needs of older pafients and their to organize and conduLt LonferenLes on agingprior to the families; Conference; , - (8) there is a great need tdpromotegreamtumloyment (3) prepare and make available background materials for the opportunities for nuddle-aged and older intik iduals who Want or ' use of delegates to the Conference which he deems necessary, and need to work; prepare and distribute any such report of the Conference as - (9) there is a gret need to develop a national retirement policy may be necessary and appropriate; and 'that contributes toe fulfillment, dignity, and satisfaction of (4) engage such additional personnel as may be accessary to retirement years forlder individuals; carry out the provisiont of this title without regard to the (10) there is a great need for a national policy kith respeLt to provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments inLreasing, coordinating, and expediting biomedical and other in the competitive service, and-Without regard to chapter 51 and appropriate researLh clawed at determining the Lathes of the subLhapter III of chapter 53 of such title reIatipto tlassification and General Schedule pay rates. aging process; and - ill, (I I) false stereotypes about aging and the process of aging (b) In carrying out his functions under clause(' ;of subsection are prevalent throughout the Nation and policies should be (a) the Secretary shall assure that conferences will be so conduCted ..developeit to overcome such stereotypes. as tio assu e broad participation of older individuals. (b) (1) les the policy of the Congress that the Federal (9) In c rrying out his responsibilities under this title the Government should work Jointly with the States And their utizens Ser. etary hall asstve that Lurrent and adequa iptisticV data , 106 I U 7 and other mforniation on the wellbeing of older individuals in Appendix B the United States are readily available, in advance ot the NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE, Conference, to participaniS in the Conference, together with such information as may bc necessary to evaluate Federal programs altarThe Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services policies relating to aging In carrying out the requirements of this was responsible for planning and conducting the 1981 White subsection the Secretary may make grants to, and enter into House Conference on Aging. The Secretary catablished an contracts w ith, public agencies and nonprofit private Advisory Committeç to provide adviceend recommendations organizations. for planning and implementing the Conference. ADVISORY COMMITTEES CHAIRMAN SEC 205. (a) The Secretary shall establish an advisory committee to the Conlerence which shall include representation from the Constance IT.N4rmitage, Intfian, South Carolina; associate Federal C ount.il on Aging and other public agencies and private professor of art history at Wofford College, Spartanburg, S C.; nonprofit organizations as appropriate. The Secretary shall former president of the National Federation of Republican establish such other committees, including technical committees, Wamen. as may be necessary to assist in planning, conducting, and r rev tewing the Conference. Each such committee shall be composed'DEPUTY CHAIRMEN of piofessional and public members and shall include individuals from low-income familtes and from minority groups. A majority J. Glenn Beall, Jr., Frostburg, Maryland; former U.S. of the.public members of each sueh committee shalfbe 55 years of Representative and Senator from Maryland; currently president of a Cumberland, Md., insurance conipany.` age or older. Anna V. Brown, Ceveland, Ohio; Executive Director of the . (13) Appointed members of any such committee (other than Mayor'S Comm' sion on Aging, Cleveland; former director of any officers or employees of the Federal Government), while attending conferences or meetings of the committee or otherwise the Cleveland i1ea Agency on Aging. serv ing at the request of the Secretary, shall be entitled to r Dr. Arihur S. F'Iemming, Alexandria, Virginia, former chairman receive compensation at a rate to be fixed by the Secretary but of the U.S. Civil Rights commission, former Secretary of nouo exceed t he daily rate prescribed for GS-18 under section Health, Education and Welfare, former U.S. Commissioner on 5332 of title 5, UnitedStates Code (including tray el t)me). Aging, chairman of the 1971 White House Conference on Vv lute away from their homes or regular places of business, spch Aging, chairman of the 1981 WHCoA Technical Committee members rimy be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in on Older Americans as a Growing Nationll Resource. lieu of subsistance, as authorized under section 5703 of such Consuelo L. Garcia, Houston, TexasOwneroperator of a title for persons in Federal Goveftnnent service employed hospice; chairman of the Mexican-American Cultural Society .*intermittently. 4 of Houston; delegate to the 1961 White House Conference on

DEFINITION§ Aging. . SEC 206. For the purpose ot this title William F. Kieschnif ck, Jr., Beverly Hills, California; president and chief operating officer of AtlantieRichfield ()company, (L) The term "area , gency on aging" means the agency Los Angeles. designated under sectio305(a)(2)(A) of 111.5Qlifer Ame'ricans

Act of 1965 A Eleanor Storrs oronado California; president of the San Diego Women's Clubs; board member (2)TO term "State a -ncy on aging" mews flitagency County Fedetiou- fttpjf ñVt5r Citizens; vtlunteer teacher designag4d under 305(a) I) of the Oldtr Anferiepit,\ ct of 1965. of the Natio al ,. trt: the Americ for 31 years.' .(3) Tfit-ii4;4`Speretary" means the SectqarrOftlealth, , Educatiorrand Walare. ;1", MEMBERS (4) The terni-45Onferente" means the fitouse Conference Dr: Ralph David Abernathy, Atlanta, Georgia; senior pastor, on Aging authOr0 in section 203(a) West Hunter Street Baptist Church:Atlanta; former president-of the Southern Christian Leadership Conferencet (5) The term "State" includes the DistrIct of Columbia, the , Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the G. Richard Ambrosius, Spencer, Iowa; executive director of the o Virgin Islands, the Trnst Territory of the Paeicte Islands, and Iowa-Lakes Arca Agency on Aging; specialist aritral aging issues. the Northern Mariana Islands. - Adelaide Attard, East Norwich, New York;' fljssioner of the UTHORIZATION QFAPPROPRIATIONSicj Department of Senior Citizen Affairs, Nasski"-Ctunty; delegate /SEC. 207. There areauthorized to be appropriated such sttms as to the 1971 White House Conference on Aging. O.4 may be necessary, for fiscal years 1979. 1980, and 1981, to carry William H. Ayres, Bethesda, Maryland; former U.S. out the provisions of this title-4- Rspresentative from Ohio (co-sponsor of the original Olde itnericans Act and the second GI Bill); president of W.H. Ayres, Inc.; member Of the board of directors of Data Solutions of Vienna, Virginia. Morrison H.Beach, West Hartford, Connecti'cut; board chairman of theTravelers I nsurance Company, Hartford; chairman of - go, the 1981,WHCoA Technical Committee on Creating an Age-lntegrated Society-Implications for the Economy. Gorham I. Black, Jr., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; secretary of t he Pennsylvania Department of Aging; former Region III director of the Department of Health, Educ Welfare.

107 Dr.irginia Boy ack, %aIenia, California, . ice preident of Dr. Myron Hesse, San Diego, California, retired deputy California Federal Saings and Luan, Los Angeles, lecturer on superintendent of business for the Glendale, Cahforma, Board pre-retirement and hfe-cycle planning. / of Education, member of the Cahfornia Council on Criminal Dr. Cyril Backfield, Bethesda, Maryland; executive director of 'Justice. the National Reured Teachers .kssociauun American Association Margaret H.Jacks, Tallahassee, Florida, former director of the of Retired Persons, president of the National Senior Ciuzens Law Flonda Division on Aging: former director of public assistance

Center, chairman orate Leadership Coahnon a Aging. for Florida, chairman of the 1981 WHCoA Technical , Robert P. Bynum, Oneonta, Alabama; former deputy Committee on Physical and Social Well-Beingand the Quality commissioner of the social Security Adanistration with 30 years of Life; delegate to the 1961 and 1971 White House,Conference on Aging. experience in developing and operating Social Security programs. Angelo Cefala, A est Pittston, Pennsylvania, former special Vern Jansen, Titusville, Florida; Speaker of the House of the assistant to the president of the International Association of Florida Silver-Haired Legislature; retired engineer for the Machinists and Aerospace Workers, chairman of the Luzerne National Aeronautics and Space Administration. County Italian-American Foundation. Shimejf Kanazawa, Honolulu, Hawaii; state coordinator for Jacob (layman, Bethesda, Maryland. president at the National Hawaii of the 19if1 White House Conferencton Aging, past Council of Senior Citizens, past president and secretary- chairman of the Hawaiian COmminee onAging, member of the treasurer of the AFL-CIO ipdustrial Union Department. Federal Council on Aging. Charlotte A. Conable, ashingiun, D.C., coordinator ot.pubhc Robert A . Kerr, Santa Rosa, Calfornia, retired invotor and puli..y projects fur the A omen's Studies Program and Pohcy manufacturer, chairman of the Westgate Capital Co., trustee Center, George Washington University; co-author of "Older of the UCLA Founctation. Women Economics of Aging." Margaret E. Kuhn, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; founder and Dr. Theodore Cooper, Kalamazoo. Michigan, executive vice national convenor of the Gray Panthers. president of the Upjohn Company; former Assistant Secretary D. Jane Maloney, Brant Beach, New Jersey; director of the for Health of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Long Beach Island Senior Center, Brant Beach; former director Mark Cox, Cheyenne, Wyoming, a rancher and cattle and hor'se of Outreaat for Senior Services, Ocean County. breeder who has traveled exten'sively throughout the world and Marshall McDonald, Miami, Flonda; Chairman of theboard and studied the cultures of numerous African, Asian, and South chief executive officer of Florida Power and Light C'ers co- American natiorfs. chairman of the Mini-anference on Business Sector Involvement Marcela Davila, Washington, b.c.. member of the 15istrict of for the 1981 White HouseConferenceon Agfng.. Columbia Commission on Aging: president and founder of - Sister Jeanne Margaret McNally, Belmont, North Carolina; Educational Organizations for United Latin American Senior superior general of the Sisters of Mercy of North Carolina; Citizens Programs; board member of gie National Conference professor of nursing ahd former associate vice president for on Puerto Rican Women. academic affairs at the University of North Carolina." Doris W. Dealaman, Bernardsville, New Jersey, elected Dr. Danuta Mostwin, Baltimore, Maryland; professor of Social freeholder of Somerset County; chairman, National Association work, Catholic University, Washington, D.C.; adjunct professor, of Counties' Committee on Aging. at Loyola College, Baltimore; author of several publications AgnesDill, Isleta, Ne% Mexico, past national president of the ' ori the family, social structures and the problems of Eastern North American Indian Women's Association; elected member European immigrants. of the Pueblo Tribal Committee to Amend the Tribal Dr. Bernice L. Neugarten, Clucago,Illinois; professor of Constitution; specialist in developingse(vices for the Pueblo elderly. education and sociology, Northwestern University; former Maria`B.liwiht, Santa Monica, Cahfornia,IL e president of professor of human development at the University of Chicago, Gerontological Planning Associates in Santa Munica;iformer member of the Federal Counul on Aging, a leadmg researcher chairman of the board of the Geriatric Authority of Holyoke, _in the field of aging. Massachusetts. Marines N. Nikitas, Fitchburg', Massachusetts; chairman Msgr. CharlesJ. Fahey , Bronx, New York, chairman of the board Of Nikitas Family Inns, Worcester, public official for 30 Federal Council on Aging, director of the All-Unifversity years at the local, State and Federal levels. 6 Gerontological Center, Fordham University; chairman of *alter Julian Oldham,-TuakegeerAllbama; executive director of the 1981 WHCoA Techmcal Committee on Long-Term Care. the Tuskegee Area Health Education Center, Inc.% president of John Fonteno, Jr., Houston, Texas, owner of a real estate the National Association of Health Manpower Systems, consultant-company and travel agency, member of the National specialist in the needs of the rriral dderly. Advisory Board for the Small Business Administration.. Caroline Redebaugh, Springfield, Illinois; director of the Senior Dr. Daniel T._GalRgo, Ogden, Utah, professor of sociology at Action Center, Lieutenant Governor's Office, Illinois, former Weber State College, president uf the National Hispanic Coynul 'kw ner and administrator of a nursing home, delegate to the on Aging., 1961 and 1971 White House Conferences on Aging. Dr. Clif4d B. HarWood, Manchester Center, Vermo'nt, Dr. Forrest James Robinson, Winfield, Kansas, director of practici 14. physician, former chairman of the Vermont Medical dev elopment. for Southwesjern College, former secretary on Society Committee on Aging. aging for Kansas; ordained Methodist minister. Dr. Maria Hernandez-Peck, Walla Walla, A ashington, former Bert Seidman, Falls Church, Virginia, director of the AFL-C10 director of undergraduate programs for Antioch Uno. ersit Department of Social Security, member of theSocial Security \Nest, speuahst in long term care research who has studiCuban, Advisory Council, chairman af the 1981 WHCoA Teantcal American Indian, and native Alaskan elderly. Committee on Retitement Income. 108 "si, 1.1,11) S i

Tish Sommers, Oakland, California; president of the Older State Coordinator Women's League; founder of both the National Alliance of ' Displaced Homemakers and tge Older Women's League Arkansas Dana Steward Educational Fund. California Janet Levy, Director Dr. E. Percil Stanford, El Cajon, California; director of the Depart tnent.tif Aging Center on Aging, San Diego State University; organizer of Colorado Ms. Jait Moore-Kirkland It 4 eight annual National Institutes on Minvrity Aging. Division of Services on Aging Charles Thone, Lincoln, Nebraska; Governor of Nebraska; Department of Social Services former U.S. Representative. . Connecticut ' Marin Shealy Dr. Daniel Thursz, Bethesda, Maryland; executive director of Commissioner B'nal Errith International; former dean of the School ofgocial Department on Aging I.

Work and Community Planning, University of Maryland. . . Delaware Eleanor Cain, Direct& Samuel J. TibbiuipSan Marino, California; president of the Division on Ating, Department of Health Lutheran Hospital Society of Southern California; former and Social Services , chairman of the American Hospital Association. .District D. Richard Ards, 1.1vd Waring, Boston, Massachusetts; former partner of the of Executive Director banking firms oC Kidder, Peabody dtClo.; trustee of Loring, Columbia Office of Aging , Wolcott, and Coolidge; Ithigtivie co munity activist in . Florida John L. Stokesberry Massachusetts. Program Staff Directoil t Dr. Ellen Winston, Raleigh, North Carolina;.president of the Aging and AdultServices Program Office National Council on Aging; former Commissioner of Welfare Department of Health and for the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; former Rehabilitative Services Commissioner of Public Welfare for North Carolina. , Georgia Troy A..Bledsoe, Director INTERNATIONAL REPRESENTATIVES OffiCe on Aging . Departmentof Human ResZnirces Dr. Henning Friis, Copenhagen, Dtnmark; Chairman of the World Health Organization Preparatory Conference for the Guam, Judge Joaquin Manibusan 1982 United Nations World Assembly on the Elderly. Department of Public Health and / Social Services -. Dr. Tarek Shuman, Vienna, Austria; chief advisor for the 1982 Division of Senior Citizens United Nations World Assembly on the Elderly. "1 Hawaii Shimeji Kanazawa Executive Office of Aging Appendix C Idaho . Rose Bowman 7 STATE WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON Offite on Aging ' AGING COORDINATORS Illinois . I. Peg Blaser, Director Department of Aging In early 1980., the Conference Office invited the governors of 4.46 of each state to designate a White House Conference on Aging Indiana Jean Merritt Coordinator who would serve as liaison m the planning and Executive Director , implementation of all pre-conference ictivities at the local and State Commission on The Aging and Aged with a series of . state levels. These activities began in 1980 Iowa cilenn Bowles community forums and continued through the state conferences Commission on Aging and the selection of the Gubernatorial delegates and bserverS. Is serving Sylvia Hougland, The listing of state coordinators reflects those individ Kansas 9 in that capacity at the time of the national meeting. In a ew states Secretary the governors designated two individuals to serve as co- Department on Aging ._ coordinators. Kentucky Blanche 137own ' Lodsiana Thelma Holden State Coordinator Maine Patricia Riley, Atabama William F. Elliott ),... Director Deputy Director Bureau of Maine's Elderly Community Commission on Aging , Services Unit, DHS ) Alaska Dr. Frederick McGinnis Maryland Dr. Matthew Tayback Deputy Commissioner e Director Department of Health and Social Servicei Office on Aging Dr. Thomas Mahoney. Amertean Tali Maae, Director Massachnsetts Secretary Samoa" Territorial Administratibn on Aging Department of Elder Affairs Arizona Gloria Heller Michigan Stanley Pratt, Office of the Governor; Executive Director and, Roxanna O'Connor Governor's Advisory Counciron Aging 109 1

State Coordinator State Coordinator

Minnesota Gerald BloedOw South Dakota Carole J. Boos, Exeeutive Director Office on Aging and Adult Services Board on Aging Department of Social ServiCes Mississippi Dr. David B. Wilson Tennessee Emily Wiseman, Director Chairman Commission on Aging Council on Aging Trust Augustine H. Moses Missouri Stuart Murphy Territory of Office of Aging , Program Coordinator Pacific Islands Community Development Division Special Projects Texas Chris.Kyker, Director Montana Gary A. Refs land, Dir. Governor's Committee on Aging Center of Gerontology Montana State University Utah F. Leon PoVey, Director Divisionof Aging Naajo Jack DeGroat. Nation ' Acting Director, Vermont Mary Ellen Spencer Navajo Aging Services Department Director, Office on Aging Nebra5ka C. Bruce Davis Virginia Wilda Ferguson Director, Office on Aging Commissioner efl Commission on Aging Virgin Islands Elena L. Christian Chairman. CommiSsion on Aging Nevada John McSweeney \ Division on Aging Services Washington Charles E. Reed, Director Department of Human Resources State Bureau on'Aging Department of Social and Health Services, New John "Jack" Buckley Hampshire West Virginia Phillip D. Turner Acting Executive Director New Jersey, James Pennestri. Director pivision on Aging Commission on Aging Wisconsin Douglas Nelson New Mexico Virginia Crenshaw General Program Administration and Division of Community Services Lt. Gov. Robert Mondragon Wyoming Stanley Torvik New York Jane Gould State Office for Aging Office of the State Planning Coordihator North Carolina Ernest B. Messer North Dakota Al Mayer Appendix D Northern Edward M. Catirera STATE WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCES ON Mariana Islands State Office of Aging AGING Ohio Martin Janis State White House Conferences on Aging were held in each of the Executive Director states and territories, and by the Navajo Nation between CommisSion on Aging mber 1980 June 1981. Oklahoma Roy Keen, Director Special Unit on Aging State Date(s) held Location Department of Human Services and Alabama March 12-13, 1981 Montgomery Delbert Cravens Alaska March 13-15, 1981Anchorage Senior Administrative Assistant American Samoa March 18-19, 1981 Guam Oregon Robert Zeigen , Arizona March 4, 1981 Phoenix Office of AdultSCNI and Arkansas Oct.'1, 1980 Little Rock Rev. Walter McGettigan California April 27-29,1981 Sacramento Chair, Commission on Agin ColoradO Oct. 9-11, 1980 Denver liennsylvania Gorham L. Black, Jr., Secretary Pennsylvania Department on Aging Connecticut March 25, 1981 West Hartford Puerto Rico .Dr. Jenaro Collazo-Collazo Delaware May 1, 1981 Dover Secretary of Social Services District of Columbia May 1-2, 15, 1981.Washington Rhode Island Anna M. Tucker, Director, Florida Sept. 16-19, 1980 Orlando Department of Elderly Affairs Georgia March 2-5, 1981 Atlanta South,Carolina Harry R. Bryan Executive Director Guam March 13, 1981 Tamuning Commission on Aging Hawaii Dec. 4-5, 1980 Honolulu

I10 ! v. 111, .. -

State Date(s) held Location State Date(s) held Location

Idaho April 10-11, 1981 Boise Washington April 21-.32,1981 Yakima Himois :May 27-28, 1981 Urbana West Virginia March 24-25,1981Weston Indiana Oct. 20-22,1980 Merl:111%de 'Wisconsin May 5, 1981 Madison Imva Art112-15,198 Des Moines Wy/ing June 1-2, 1981 Casper ' Kansas M'ay 19-Z1; 1981 Salina Kentucky May 19-21.,1981 Frankfort- Appendix E Louisiana Apri13, 1981 Baton Rouge TECHNICALg>MMITTEES Oct. 7-8, 1980 Augusta Maine The Technfcal Committees for the 1981 White House Conference Maryland Nos .17, 1980 Baltimore on Aging werecharged with developing issues an s! recommen; dations in a particular arca for consideration as background Massach trisett.s May 19, 1981 Boston material for the dekgates. The members servmg on the Michigan Apnl 29, 1981 Dearborn technical committees were appointed by the Secretary of the U.S. Minnesota May 27-28, 1981 St. Cloud Department of Health and Humari Services. Positions held at time of serving are indicated for each individual. Mississippi May 18-20, 1981 Jackson Technical Comnlittee Missouri May 11-13, 1981 Columbia on fr Montana April I I, 1981 Bozeman Creating an Age Irftegrate4 Society: 'Implications for Societal Institutions Navajo Naticif March 24-.26, 1981 Tsaile, Arizona Chairman: George L. Maddox, Ph.D. Nebraska Abri127-48, 1981. Omaha Director:Center for Study of Aging and Human Development Nes ada hide 19,26,1981 Las Vegas; Rev Duke University, NC Margaret E. Kuhn New Hampshire May 16, 1981 Concord National Convenor, New Jersey March 24, 1981 Trenton Gray Panthers PA New Mexico May 7-8, 1981 . Santa Fe Demetria H. McJulien, Ph.D. New York May 10-12, 1981 Albany CongressionalBlack Caucus March 13, /981 Raleigh North Carolina L.-- Brain Trust on Aging North Dokota May 11-12, 1981 Bismarck Southern University, LA Douglas W. Nelson, Director Northern"Mariana April 24, 1981 Satpan Wisconsin Bureau of Aging Islands Tish Sommers, Presideht Apri122-24, 1981 Columbus Ohio Older Women's League Oklahoma April 20, 1981 Oklahoma City Educational Fund, CA Oregon March 23-25,1981 Portland Lyman M. Tondel, Jr., J.D. Chairman, Commission on the March 22-25,1981 Hershey Pennsylvania Elderly Puerto Rico March 12-13,1981 Puerto Rico American Bar Association, DC

Rhode Island Nov. 22, 1980 East Providence Trnical Committee 11 , on May 14-15, 1981 Columbia South Carolina Older Americans as a Growing South Dakota . APril 7-8, 1981 Mitchell National Resource Tennessee May 11-12, 1981 Chattanooga Chairman: Arthur S. Flemming, LL.B., J.D. Chairman U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Texas March 29-31,19841sDhas and Trust Territory of May, 1981 Marshalls,Palau, Deputy Chairman, 1981 White House Conference on Aging Pacific Islands and Ponape, Washington, D.C. FSM J. Max Bond;PD:: Retired Foreign Service Officer 'Utah ,March16-19,1981 Cedar City, 1 Moab, Monroe.State Department Provo, Salt Washington, DC Lake City, Bina S. Davis, Director Tremonton, Retired Senior Volunteer Vernal Program' Bethany, MO Vermont ( Nov. 19, 1980 Fairlee Victor E. Hruska, J.D. Oct. 16-17, 1979 Richmond Virginia Former Director, Older Virgin Islands May 4-5, 1981 St. Thomas ,Americans Volunteer Programs

111 * ) 112, /IP 0"

William R. Hutton, Executise tional Association of Deputy Chairman, 1981 Director County Officials, White House Conference National Council of Washington, DC on Aging Citizen Harry Holland, Retired Barbara Silverstone, D.S.W. 'Genes les e Ralocy , Ph.D. Social Security Administration Executive Director ForMer President, National Phoenix, AZ Benjamin Rose Institute Association of Retired Herman Holloway, Sr. Cleveland, OH Senior Citizens - State Senator Chairman, Committe'e on Eleanor Rubin, Chairmdn DE Aging, NASW National Task Force on Aging Charles E. Reed, Director Aminda.B. Wilkins, A.C.S.W. National Council ofJewish Bureau of Aging Board of Directors Women, NYU State of Washington Caiholic Interracial Council Sara-Alyce P Wright, MSW New YorVeity Technical Committee Executise Director, National 'on -Technical Committee Board, YWCA Physical and Social Environment and on Ness York City QUality of Life Health Services Technical Committee Chairman: Margaret H. Jacks, A.C.5.W. Chairman: John Beck, MD, Director on Former Director, Florida Division on Aging,%Division of Geriatric Medicine, UCLA ' Creating An Age Integrated Volunteer Lobbyist, Florida COuncil on Joseph E. Becker Society: Implications for Aging Nursing Home Administrator Spiritual Well-Being Masonk Home, NJ Mary Adams, Ph.D., R N. Chairman. Cynthia Wedel, Ph.Dt Chairman, Departmenc of Ehaanuel Borenstein, President, World Council of Churches Gerontology Nursing A.C.S.W., Retired Msgr. Charles). Fahey, S.J. Case Western Reserve Florida Department of Health Director, Fordham University University, OH and Rehabilitation Services Gerontology Center, NY Rev. Lucius.F. Cervantes, Anna V. Brown, M.A. Chairman, Federal Couricil S.J: Ph. D: Executive Director on Aging Commissioner Mayor's Commission on Margaret Jacks, MSW, ACSW St. Louis Area Agency on Aging Volunteer Lobbyist Aging, MO Gel/eland, OH Florida Council on Aging Wilma Donahue, Ph.D. Craig P. Burrell, M.D. Carmela Lacayo, BA Executive Director Vice President and Director Executive Director International Center for Sandoz, Inc., NJ AssocIaion Nacional Social Gerontology Ewald W. Busse, M.D. Por Personas Mayores, CA Washington, DC Associate Provost and Dean of Benjamin E. Mays, Ph.D. -Rev. Alfred G. Elgin, Jr. Medicine& Allied tlealth President,,Atlanta Board Executive Director Duke University, NC of Education National Indian Council Michael E. DeBakey, M.D. President Emeritus on Aging- Chancellor and Chairman Morehouse College. GA Albuquerque, NM Department of Surger5, Rabbi Marc H. Tahnenbaum Elvina Gray Bear, Secretary Baylor College of Director Standing Rock Tribal Medicine, TX National Interreligious Affairs Council, ND Carl Eisdorfer, M.D., Ph.D. American Jewish Elinor C. Guggenheimer, Senior Fellow Committee, NY President Institute of Medicine Annie Wauneke, D.H. Council of Senior Citizens 'National Academy of Sciences Navajo TribalCouncil, AZ Centers, New York City Seymour Farber, M.D. ychnical Committee Niko Heffernan, M.A. Vice-Chancellor Emeritus on Department of Community,' University, of California (S.F.) Creating an Age-Integrated Services David A. Gee, President . Society: I mpliEations for Brooklyn Museum, NY The Jewish Hospital GovernmentaPSiructures David Levine, Ph.D., A.C.S.W. St. Louis, MO Chairman: Elias S. Cohen, J.D. Professor of Social Work Robert Griffiths, D.D.S. Managing Partner /University of Georgia President-Elect Public Interest Law Center. Athens, GA American Dental Philadelphia, PA Olga M:Madar Association, IL Lionel B. Cade, Mayof Michigan Vice-President Arthur Helfand, D.P.M., Compton, CA Coalition ofi-abor Union Chief Doris W. Dealaman, Women Department of Po'diatric Detroit, MI Medicine Freeholder Board of Direciors and Lupe A. Morales Philadelphia Medical Center f-Chairman Los Angeles City Council William Hutton, Executive bcommitteeon Aging on Aging DIrector 112

p. I.

National Council of Senior Lorraine B. McGee East Harlem Coacil for -Citizens Board of Directors Human Services, NY Washington, D.C. Girl Scouts of America Joan Quinn, M.S., R.N., Eric Pfeiffer, M.D., Chief Joan Quinn. M.S., R.N. Executive Director Psychiatry Services Executive Director TRIAGE Cong-Term Care Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL TRIAGE Long Terraie Project, CT " Project, CT Nathan Smukler, M.D. William Reicheli M.D., Professor of Medicine Dennis Rezendes, M.G.A. President Division of Rheumatology Executive Director American Geriatric Society Thomas Jefferson HOSPICE, CT r Washington; DC , University, PA Gloria Saca, Director Janet S. Sainer, M.S. Virginia Stone, R.N , Ph.D Area Agency on Aging Conimissioner, NYC F A.A.N. McAllen, TX Department for the. Aging, NY Professor Emeritus in Nursing Janet S. Sainer, J.S. Duke University, NC Commissioner Malcolm O. Scamahorn, M.D. Larry Wright, M.D New York.City Department for Chairman, Committeeon Rural Family Practice the Aging Aged and Long-Term Care American Medical Rogers Medical Center, AK James T. Sykes Association, IL Technical Committee Vice-Chairman . on Federal Council on Aging and Herbert H. Share, Ed.D, Family , Social Services, and Member, Wisconsin Board Executive Vice-President OtherSupport Systems on Aging Dallas Home for Jewish Ated, TX Chairman: David Maldonado, D.S.W. Rafael Villaverde, M.A. Jerry D. Simart , President Associate Rsofessor, Graduate School of Executive Director American Association of - Little Havana Centers, FL Social Work HomesTor the Aged, DC University ofTexas, Arlington Ellen Winston, Ph.D., : . Chairman Gladys R.Xoegtli, Chairman Frances Carp, Ph.D. NC Governor's Advisory Long-TiM4Care Planning Research Associate in Housing Council on Aging Committee Wright Institute, CA President, National Council State Advisory Council to A -Rev Lucius E. Cervintes S.J., on Aging WisconsimBureau on Aging Ph.D. Deputy Chairman, 1981 White Ellen Winstmh, Ph.D Commissioner, St. Louis Area House Conference on Aging Chairman Agency on Aging, MO Technical Committee North Carolinh Governor's Advisory Council on Aging Theodore Cooper, fyl.D., on Social & Health Aspects of President, National Council Ph.D. LongTerm Care on Aging Former Assistant Secretary Deputy Chairman, 1981 White Chairman: Msgr. Charles J. Fahey, S.J., of Health House Conference on Aging Department of Health, Director , Education, and Welfare Center on Gerontology, Technical Committee Executive Vice-President Fordham University, NY on UpJohn Company, MI Chairman, Federal Council on Aging Creating an Age-Integrated Society: Implications:or the Family Aaron E. Henry, Ph.D., . John Beck, M.D., Director Chairman: Helena Z. Lopata, Ph.D. President Division of Geriatric Professor of Sociology National Council of Medicine, UCLA Director, Center for Comparative Study of Black Aga Social Roles Washington, D.C. Joseph E. Becker Nursing Home Administrator Loyola University, Chicago, Illinois William M. Kerrigan, M.A., Masonic Home, NJ Avis Bohlen LL.B. American Association of Homer W. Cunningham Executive Director Foreign Service Women President and Chairman of International Federation Washington, D.C. on Aging the Board Elaine Brody, M.A. Washington, D.C. Progressive Medical Groups, Inc VA President-Elect David L. Levine, Ph.D., Chairman of thepoard, Gerontological Society A.C.S.W. Meals on Wheels; VA of America . Protestor of So'dal Work Senior Researcher University of Georgia William L. Gee, D.D.S., Philadelphia Geriatric Athens, GA president Center On-Lok Senior Health Rev. Lucius F. Cervantes, Mabel Lindsey, D,S,W., Seivices for Pacific/ S.J., Ph.D. Dean Emeritus Asians, CA HowardUniversity School of Executive Director Social Work Ernesto Martinez, Director St. Louis Area Agency Washington, D.C. of Senior PrograMs on Aging and Mayor's 1 1 r, 114 113 Commission op Aging AFL-CIO Michael E. DeBakey, M.D. St. Louis, MO Washington, D.C. Chancellor and Chairman Robert Hill, Ph.D. William E. Williams Department of Surgery Director of Research State Director Baylor College of National Urban League, DC Green Thumb Programs, NJ Medicine, TX Mesako Osako, Ph.D., Coleman A. Young, Mayor Carl Eisdorfer, M.D., Ph.D. Professor Detroit, MI Senior Fellow Department of Sociology Instituteof Medicine Technical Committee University of Illinois National Academy of on Sciences, DC Barbara Silverstone, D.S.W. Retirement Income Executive Director Seymour M. Farber, M.D. Chairman: Ben Seidman, Director Benjamin Rose Institute Vice-Chancellor Emeritus Department of Social Security, AFL-CIO lime-shy of California (S.F.) Chairman, Comnuttee on Washington, DC Aging, NASW Caleb Finch, Ph.D., Professor Cleveland, OH Robert M,. Ball, Senior Scholar of Gerontology and Institute of Medicine Biological Sciences TechnicalCommiuee National Academy of Sciences on University of Southern Former Commissioner, Social Cafifornia Employment SecurityAdmipistration Robert Hill, Ph.D. Chairman: James T. Sykes, Vice-Chairman Jacob Clayman, President Federal Council on Agingand Member of Director of Research National Council of Senior National Urtian League,pc the Wisconsin Board of Aging Citizens Virginia Boyack, Ph.D. Washington, DC Seymour S. Kety, M.D., Vice President Professor of Psychiatric Georgia Neese Clark Gray Research California Federal Savings Former U.S. Treasurer & Loan Association Harvard University School of Past President,Capital City Medicine, MA Los Angeles, CA State Bank and Trust Cyril F. Brickfield, S.J.D. Company Florence Mahoney National Policy Boards Executive Director Victor E. Hruska, J.D. in Aging - National Retired Teachers Former Director Association/American Member, NationalAdvisory Okler Americans Volunteer Committee Association for Retired ' Program Persons National Institute on Aging Washington, D.C. Louise Karnikawa- Demetria McJulien, Ph.D. Swanson, B.A, Cyril Carpenter,'President Congressional Black Caucus Pacific/Asian Elderly Brain Trust on Aging Minnesota Farmer's Resource Center, WA Onion, MN ;- Southern liniversity;LA Andrew E. kuddock, LL.B.; Sharon Moriwaki, Ph.D. Delores A. Davis-Wong, Ph.D. LL.M. Executwe Director Assistant Director and Former Director, Retirement Researcher National Center on Black Aged Institute and Occupational Washington, D.C. Hawaii Gerontology Center Health University of Hawhii Georgia Neese Clark Gray U.S) Civil SerCiCtiCommission Former U.S. Treasurer Consultant Mesako Osako, Ph.D. Professor of Sociology Past President, Capital City Thelma C. Zwerdling, M.A. University of Illinois Bank and Trust Company. Women's Research and Topeka, KS Education Institute of the 1 Technical Committee, Helen Hayes Congresswomen'S Caucus - Authdr and Actor Washington, D.C. Health Maintenance Board of Directors, National- Technical Committee & Health Promotion ..t CounCil on Aging on Chairman:-seymour M. Farber, M.D. Nyack, NY Researchin Aging Vice-Chancellor Emeritus Witham F. Kieschnick Chairman: James E. BirreP, Ph.D., Dsan -University of Califoinia, SF President and Chief School of GerontOlogy and Professor. of Mother Bernadette, 0. Cairn., Executive Officer Psychology A.C.S.W. Atlantic Richfield Univorsity of Southern California AdminIstrator and Member Company, CA Mary Adams, Ph:D., of Board of Directors Sharon Y. Moriwaki, Ph.D. Chairman, Department of Carinelite Homes for the Assistant Director and Gerontology/Nursing Agedand Infirin,CT Research'er Case Western Reserve' Edna Chavis, Ph.D. Gerontology Center University, OH Missouri Division on Aging University of Hawaii' Ewald1Busse, M D Arin Chwalow, pit*.H., R.N. sLawrenceSmedley' 7 Associate Provost and Dean. I. Assistant ProfessoreDivition Associate Director 'of Medicine of Health'Bducatisin Department of Social Security, Duke University, NC School of Hygieneahd

114 I v, 1 1 ,

Health Mary C. Mulvey, Ed.D., Technical Committee 1 Johns Efopkins University, MD Supervisor Adult Education on Creating an Age Integrated Society: Theodore Cooper, M.D., Ph.D. Providence Public Schools, RI Implications for the Media , Executive Vice President The Upjohn Company Bernice L. Neugarten, Ph.D. Chairman': Rabbi Marc H. Tannenbaum, Former Assistant Secretary Professor and Chairman D.D., Director for Health Department of Behavioral National Interreligious Affairs . Department of Health, Science American Jewish Committee Education, and Welfare University of Chicago op .- Lydia Bragger, Chairman Margaret A. Ohlson, Ph.D. Deputy Chairman,1981 Gray Panther National Media Past President White House Conference Watch Task Force on Aging American Diabetic Association Bertha Brown, M.A., Barbara Silverstone, D S.W. Majorie H. Parker, Ph.D. Executive Director Executive Director Chairman, Board of Trustees Our Neighborhood Civic The Benjamin Rose Institute University of the District Association and School- Columbia Chairman, Committee on . CommunityProgram Aging, NASW Technicill Committee Philadelphia, PA Cleveland, OH on Nancy Hanks, A.B. Francisco, Trilla, M.D. Creating an Age-Integrated Society: Former Chairman of the Implications for the Economi CABS Nursitig Home National Endowment for the Brooklyn, NY Chairman: Morrison H. Beach Arts Board Chairman and Chief Executive Active Board Member at , 'Larry Wright, M.D. Duke University Center on' Rural Family Practitioner Officer The Travelers Insurance Company, CT Aging' Rogers Medical Center, AK Washington, DC Anna V. Brown, executive . Technical Committee , Director Kathleen Hall Jamieson, 13,11.4). on Department of Creating an Age-Integrated Mayors Commission on Aging Cleveland, OH Communication Arts Society: Implicatias for the University of Maryland Educational Systems - Elinor C. Guggenheimer, Jules Power, Senior Producer Chairman: Harold Johnson, M.S. W., President Council of Senior Citizens Over Easy, Public Professor and Director Centers, NYC Broadcasting System Institute of Gerontology San trancisco, CA UnOversity of Michigan Marshall Holleb, M.B.A., MIA., J.D1* Nancy K. Schlossberg, Ed.D. J. Max Bond Ph.D., Retired Board Chairman and Chief Expert MidlifeTransition Foreign Service Officer T Executive Officer and Counteracting State Department Urban Association of Illincis Stereotypes' Washihgton, IX - Jackie Sunderland, Director Wilma Donahue, Ph.D. William F. Kieschnick, , President and Chief National Center of Arts' . Executive Director and Aging International Center for Social Executive Officer Atlantic Richfield Company National Council on the Agiil Gerontology , Washington, DC* Washington, DC Los Angeles, CA 4, Cirroll Estes, Ph.D. Richard L. McDowell, Ph.D. Professor of Sociology Dean and PrOfessors School School of Nursing of Management University of California (SF) SuffolkUniversity,,MA Arthur Flemming, LL.B.,1.D. Aida Perez, M.A r.D. Chairman, U.S. Commission Com. Puertoriclueria de on CiVilights, Gcricultura, PR Washington, DC Esther Peterson, A.B., M.A. , Deputy ChairMan, 1981White Special Assistant to the House Conference on Aging President for Consumer ) Fermin Lemes, J.D. Affairs, 1976-1980 / Allapattah Hispanic 0. , Bert Seidman, Director r Commudity Ctnter , Departmentof Social Miami, FL Security, AFL-CIO . t David Levine, Ph.D., Washington, DC . .. A.C.S.W. Thelma Zwerdling, M,A. Professor of Social Work Consultant, Women's University of Georgia Research and Educational Benjamin E. Mays, Ph.D. institute of the . President Emeritus Congresswomen's Caucus . MorehouseCollege, GA Washington, D.C. , t 416 1

Appendix MINI-CONFERENCES OF THE 1981 WHITE( HOUSE CONFERENCE,ON AGING Forty-two mini-conferences were recogniied by the 1981 White House Conference on Aging and convened by-designated organizations who wished to focus national attention on special aging issues..

Mini-Conference Date and locati Convenors.

Aging and Alcoholism Feb. 1-3, 1981 Blue Ribbon Study Commission on Alcoholism and the Racine, WI Aging of the National CounciLon Alcoholism Alzheimer's Disease Sert. 28, 1980 Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Bronx, NY National Institute on 'Aging National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke National Institute of Mental Health American Indian/ ,Sept. 8-10, 1980 National Indian Council on Aging Alaskan Native Elderly Albuquerque, NM The Arts, the Humanities, Feb. 1-3, 1981 National Council on the Aping Centers for the Arts & and the Older Americans Philadelphia, PA; Humanities Black Aged Nov. 23-25, 1980 National Caucus and Center on the Black Aged, Inc. Detroit, MI ,- Dec. 9-11, 1980 Atlanta, GA Jan. 7-9, 1981 Los Angeles, CA Challenging Age Stereotypes Jan. 15-16, 1981 National Gray Panthers in the Media New York, NY Concerns of Lors-Income Jan, 13-15, 1981 Natio.nal Community Action Agency Executive Director's Elderly Kansas City, MO Association Jan. 25-27, 1981 Washington, DC , . Consumer Problems of Jan. 29-3011981 ft The National Retired Teachers Association/American Older Americans Washington/ DC Association of Retired Persons Elderly Hearing Impaired Peoille Jan. II -13, 1981 Self Help for Hard of Hearing People, Inc. , Washington, DC 'Energy Equity and the Elderly Oct. 23-24, 1980 National Retired Teachers Association/American Association Boston, MA ofRelired Persons Oct. 29-30, 1980, St. Petersburg, FL, The Emironment and Older Amemans Feb. 5-6, 1981 National Retired Teachers Association/ American Association byashington, DC of Retired Persons Euro-American Elderly Nov. 4-6, 1980 The Center fbr the Study of Pre-Retirement and Aging awhe Cleveland, OH Catholic University of America and the National Center for Urban Ethnic Affairs Nov. 10-12, 1980 Baltimore, MD Foot Health and Aging March 7-8, 1-981 American Podiatry Association Philadelphia, PA Gerontological Nursing March 27-29, 1981 Upjohn Health Care Services Cleveland, OH , American Nurses' Association ...Cleveland Clinic Foundation Hispanic Elderly Jan. 5-8, 1981 Alsociacion Nacional Pro Personas Mayores Los Angeles, CA 4 116 t 117 a

Mini-Conference Date and location Convenors

Housing for the Elderly Oct. 22-24, 1980. National Council of Senior Citizens Washington, DC National Senior Citizens Education and Research Center Intergenerational Cooperation and -Deo, 5, 1980 National Council on the Aging Exchange Washington, DC Inter-relationship of Government, Jan. 15-16, 1981 Brookdale Center of Aging of Hunter College Private Foundations, Corporate New York, NY Grant-Makers and Unions tr1"-- Legal Services for the Elderly' Jan. /9-30, 1981 National Senior Citizens Law Center Washington, DC Life Long Learning for Self-Suf ficioacy Nov. 12-14, 1980 Institute of Lifetime Learning of the National Retired Racine, WI Teachers Association/American Association of Retired Persbns Commission on Education for Aging of the Adult Education Association/USA Association for Gerontologtin Higher Education Population Resource Center Long Term Care Dec. 10-12, 1980 Policy Development and Implementation Divis on, American Reston, VA Association of Hornes,for the Aging Mental wealth of Older Americans Nov. 17-19, 1980 American Psychological Association San Diego, CA *M. 'American Nurses' Association National Association of Social Workers American Psychiatric Association ,National Dialogue for the March 5-7, 1981. , The Executive Board Business Sector La QuintaCA The Western Gerontological Society National Health Security Jan. 15, 1981 National Council of Senior Citizens, Washington, DC National Retired Teachers Association/American Associationof Retired Persons Non-SeiCices Approaches to Feb. 6, 1981- Center for Urban and Regional Policy of SRI International :Problems of the Aged Older Womep Oct. 9-10, 1980 Western Gerontological SoCiety Des Moines, 10 Older Womens League EducationTund Oral Health Care Needs Nov. 19-0, 1980 American Dental Association of the Elderly Chicago, IL Pacific/Asian Elderly Jan. 15-16, 1981 National Pacific/Asian Resource Center on Aging San Francisco, CA Pacific Islanders Jurisdiction March 48-19, 1981 Pacific American Territories on Aging Guam Public/Voluntary Collaboration: Nov. 23-25, 1980 National Voluntary Organizations for Independent Living A Partneeship in Contributinito Washington, DC for the Aging of the National Council on the Aging Inclependent Living for the Aging ' h 118 117 Mini-Conference Date and kxation Convenors

Recreation, Leisure and Jan. 30, 1981 National Recreation and Park Association Physical Fitness Arlington, VA Rights of the Institutionalized Jan. 23, 1981 National Citizens' Coalition for Nursing Home Reform Elderly and the Role of the Volunteer Washington, DC National Senior Citizens Law Center National Gray Panthers Rural Aging 04ptt8-10, 1980 Green Thumb, Inc. Owensboro, KY '

Sept. 23-25, 1980 1 East Hartford, CT Oct. 5-7, 1980 Jacksonville, FL Oct. 19-21, 1980 Sioux Falls, SD Nov. 12-14, 1980 Oklahoma City, OK Nov. 23-25, 1980 Sacramento, CA

Saving for Retirement , Jan. 16-17, 1981 American Council of Life insurance Alexandria, VA The Graduate School of Businesset Columbia University

Th Self-Help and Senior Advocacy Jan. 28-29, 1981 Bettermentfor United'Seniors Washington, DC.. Senior Centers Jan. 26-27, 1981 The National Couneil.on Aging's National Institutiof Arlington, VA Senior Centers Simpkfwg Administrative Sept. 27, 1980 Commission on Legal Problems of the Elderly of the Procedures arid Regulations Washington,DC American Bar Association in Programs Affecting the Elderly Spiritual and Ethical Value Oct. 27-30, 1980 The 14ational interfaith Coalition on Aging System Concerns Erlanger, KY Transportation for the Aging Oct. 20-22, 1980 institute of Public Administration Sarasota, FL Center on Gerontology at Florida State University

The Urban Elderly Feb. 1-3, 1981 Urban Elderly Coalition Albuquerque, NM

Veterans Jan./Feb. 1981 Veterans of World War 1 Washington, DC American Legion AMVETS Disabled American Vetirans Veterans of Foreign Wars

Vision and Aging Jan. 11-13, 1981 American Foundation for the Blind Bethesda, MD

118 Appendix G DEL:EGATES 1981 WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON AGING 4. Alabama Gloria Heller Ann !Neither Gwyneth Gayman John Herrick Mrs. W. Lillian Andrews Morris Better William L. Gee Josiah D. Bancroft Harry Holland Dorothy Bingham Miriam L. Gholikely Mary'A. Berg Guadalupe Huerta James Emmett Birren Janet L. Goeske Judy Baker Bewley E. Louise Knopf Wanda J. Blake Patricia K. Gore J. Clyde Blair Orville Larson ,Fred H. Bockelmau Frank M. Grace Virginia Bradshaw Marian Lupu krank M. Bodin J. Chris Grier Robert P. Bynum Juana P. Lyon Virginia Lee Boyack Ernest Griffes Charles T. Clayton Maxine B. Marshall Andrev; V.Bradky, Jrf' Woodrow W. Groves Clayton Davis Edna H.11%,4cDonald Mrs. Tempe Brooks Andrew P. Gutierrez Hubert Deal Howard McKinley Emma Cleo Brown George T. Hamilton George Drasheff Delores Palinpr Ned Buell Leonard J. Hansen Minnie Mae Powell Charles W. Edwards Rose L. Burrus Neil A. Harris William Frank Elliott tiollace G. Roberti Sandi Bush Borghild O. Haligen F. Michael Ford Charles I.Schouland Cionel Cade Clarice Hayman Helen Seader Helen R. Geesey Grace B. Callahan Lois Heiserman A. Park Shaw Mary Ruth Graham Lovella Carling Margaret J. Helton Lucy Silva AndreWC. Greathouse Graciela Cashion Henry Herriford Mary F. Henry R. Frances Smith Elizabeth J. Castro ' Evelyn S. Herrthann Catherine M. Steinhauser- Finley Paul Ledford, Jr. Gloria H. Cavanaugh- Myron A. Hesse William M. Long, Sr. K nowles W. Craig Chambers Eugenia Goff Hickman Mary Hatfield Moore Harold H. Velde Bill H. Chin Ira S. Hirschfield Annie D. Wauneka Mrs: Arthur Mae Norris Alfred Chiplin Gus Hopman William T. Wolfrey Walter Julian Oldkam John Cimolino Helen E. Huber Samud P. Pettagrue, Sr. Arkansas Margaret Clark Charlotte Humphrey Edwin C. Price Esther Coleman Walter Hunt John R. Alley Constance P. Cone John A. Jackson-1e' Sister AudreyRecktenwald Mildred Atkinson Medford H. Roe Kathryn L. Co'rbett Maurice Jackson Lois L. Baker Robert Scott Covey James T. Jarrell Levelma Simmons Arthur F. Bouton Bishop William M. Smith Joseph Crosby Steven M. jeong Marge Crabaugh L. Frances Cullen Ellen Jepson Erin L. Snqwden Almada Doan Anna A. Steele Grace M. Davir E.J. Joergenson Barbara Ayers Gillman Suny DeLeon Rev. Carlee Thomas Wilson S. Johnson Guy F. Hankins Domingo Delgado Richard L. Johnson . Helen Rhodes Thompson DeWey S. Lantrip Laura H. Watts Claude Devers Pauline Johnston Clarenct H. LeVee Robert A. Dobbins Carl Jones Alaska Elm? L. Nichols Harry Doughty Seymour M. Joseph William F. Pogue Lucille Brenwick Sudic R. Douglas Reverend S. Kanow Alide Preston Rad& Craig Charles G. Drasnin Robert W. Kerr Hoyte R. Pyle Mary C. Demientieff John W Dudley Alice E. Keshick Sam Richardson Robert R. Gore Neil S. Dullovitz Kieschnick, Delcinia Robinson Hazd P. Heath Maria Burgee Dwight Stanley J'. Kilcoyne Carolyn Sisney Gladys L. Jung Frank Richard Dwyer Dora Kith Dana Fowler Steward Frederick McGinnis Donald F. Echelbarger Lorelei Kinder Russell Taylor ROse Palmquist Zelda Eliot Eva Mae Kirby Gertie M. Wells Ted Ellsworth Archer R. Kirkpatrick M. Danny Plotnick J. Paul Willis Elizabeth E. Warren Carroll L. Estes Frances S. Kobata Larry D. Wright Leobardo F. Estrada Beuy Kozasa AthericanSamoa Cecil C. Youngbiocid Maria C. Estrada Leslie Kwass ,Fred Evicci . Salanoa P. Aumoeualogo California Carmela G. Lacayo Seymour M. Farber* Conway Lanford Toeaso A. Faatili Jorge Terrazas Acevedo Joan Feeney Carroll L. Lang Tali T. Maaq Adelaide E. Adams Gerald Fdando 0. Virginia Lee Elmer B. Allmeroth Arizona John M. Feliz Wayne Lee Eleanor Ashmore Roberta Fenlon Luis Leija Kathi Baldwin A. Sheridan AtIdnson Merrill M. Follansbee Paul Leos Lewis Li-Tang Au Bessie Berry Jean C. Fraser Martin Levine Benjamin N. Brook Clarence Avery- Frank Freeland Sema Cevinson Egbert J . Brown Ingrid Azvedo Rev. James Froede Janet J. Levy Cecile Z. Barbash John J. Burnham Susie P Gaines Rabbi Albert Manilla Lewis Verne II Coleman Carnella Barnes Enrique M, Garcia Malcolm A. MacKillop Lucile Barnett Ismael Dieppa Barbara Garcia-Weed Ann B. Manis Juanita K. Bartlet . Katie Dusenberry Delha Wilson Garrison Joim L. Martin Marvin T. Gib Son John C. Beck ; 119 *

Flora R. Martinez Floyd E. Tumbleson .Delaware Polly ShaCkleton Jack Martine; Marijo Shide Molly Sturges Tuthill Henry H. Begliommi *Vilma R. Martinez John B. Shlaes'',Uita:. j Joe Gomez Uranga Charles Blake Carol N. McAlister Lawrence T.Smedley Joseph Vasquet Patsy Brown Harrghl McFarland Pearl Somaini-Dayer Roy L. Walford Wilbur J. Bulkley Robert McLennan Jacqueline T.Eunderland Sister Sheila Walsh Eleanor L. Cain Robert G. Medina Juanita Tho6ton Gwendolyn W. Williams Hermati M. Holloway, Sr. Nora M. Mitsumori Robert Wright Daniel Thursz ion A. Larkin Fred A. von-itatilt Einar Mohn Angelina Yates Gertrude L.Lowell Lupe A. Morales Stephanie L. Whydie Donna L. Yee Sister Catherine A. Macklin Blanche Moreno Diosdado M. Yap Edward M. Young Florence C. Murgatroyd Charlotte Mouse! Mary B. Young Betty L. Zettr Delbert Murfay Edward Zalta District of Columbia Thelma C.Zwerdling Bruce Nestande D. Richard Arils , Colorado Fforida Muriel Oberleder George E. Auman Rabbi Arthur Oles HildaAltstar Robert M. Ball Doris N. Alston Millie Paul Ernestine Brewer San Juan Barnes Ana Margarita Alvarez Laura E Pearson Ethlyn Christensen J. Max Bond Russelkliaracat Eleanor Perez Emilio Yominquez Cyril F. Brickfield Emily Barefield Betty Perkins Marvin Ernst James N. Broder Dick J. Batchf Salome Phdlips William J. Hanna Louis Bruce Leonard E.A. John D. Piazza Middy Haver Pat Bruns William Q. Bell Sally R Pierce Wtndell H. Marander Janice Caldwell R. Ed Blackburn, Jr. Elaine Pond Betty L. McCummings Frances S. 'Camp Celeste Boeras William M. Purvis Janet Moore-Kirkland Lisle C. Carter, Jr. Emanuel Boretatein Ana A. Ramirez Frances H. Moser Jacob Clayman Frsttic Buchholtz Henry M Ramirez Mamie Agnes Pugel Charlotte W. Conable ouis P. Bulkeley Robert C. Reed Dennis Rezendes Frank J. Conlon Mildred Butler Toni Rim Theodore D. Rice, DavisC. Crowley yd Captain Rebecca Robar Ethel T. Richardson David Cullen Al Cardtnas Anna Spencer Roemer Robert Schaefer dharles F CarrapOK Marcela Q. Davila A. Robert J. Ruby Bernard Tessler Delores A. Davis-Wong 41. Pomeroy Carter Bonny Russell Claire Traylor Fred L. Dixon V ir gie H . Cone:45P Clara Rutherford Frances N. Vallejo Elizabeth B. Douglass Tomi Crofut Ed Ryken Mary Warrender Nathan L. Ferris John Broward Culpepper Christine M. Sadowski Gene Hudson Zook Clavin Fields Nagy J. Davis . Fred E. Salsman Hilda I. DeVane Connecticut Burton Fretz Cruz F. Sandoval David Guttmann Guarione M. Diaz Robert H.Scanland Ann Artell Ilona Gyorik Millie 4 brake Jack G. Schapiro Angelina F. Baehr Paul Hays ,Vbrinne Ducii'worth Isadore Schneider Morrison H. Beach Robert B. Hill argaret Lynn Duggar Ray Schneyer Douglas A. Beals Robert Holland why Echevarrig Valeria Scott Betty L. Bittner Lynn W. Illgen lbert_G. Eckian Kay Shaw Marie Carter 6Genevieve Johnst essieMma Edge Howard H. Shumway Madeline S. Croke Ruth E. Kobel! , amona'D. Edwards Liz Simms Miguel Escalera Richard Kolm 0'4 %tit), Formin Annette K. Smail Judith Bograd Gordan /lnabel B. Lindsay James L. Fortuna M.C. Smallif Frederic T. Hawes Connie MacHiggins Rabbi Seymour Friedman Lee Smith Benjamin Hendler Florence S. Mahoney Anna Gayle Tish Sommers Marie L. Jaeger David H. Marlin William J eenen John GeorgeSonneborn, Jr. Leonard Maier Raymond Mastalish Betty R7ftitz Juana Soria Anthony L. Masso JametD. MsKevitt Bill Glflit\ Mary Lou South Virginia H. Mathews Rufus W. McKinney r Roberto Godoy, Sr. E. Percil Stanford Joseph A. McAlpine Mildred Moore Goldie R. Goldstein Eleanor Ring Storrs J9nneM. Osborne Rev. Jerry A. Moore, Jr. Tillie Greenstein Robert A. Stotelmeyer RaniomPacheco Michael C, Nave Robert P. Griffin MikeSuermann tillian-Pitschmatirt David L. Neideffer Phillip Edwin Hagerty Ida Sydnor Edith G. Prague Jack Ossofsky C. Colburn Hardy Teplier Joan L. Quinn George Pagonis Bessie Inez Harris Gerti Thomas Carmen Romano Marjorie H. Parker Vincent J. Haut Velma M. Thompson Marin J. Shealy Esther Peterson Arturo Hevia Robert Thornberg Isabel V. Smith Daniel Quirk Egon Hill Samuel J. Tibbitts Lisl Standen Rabbi Stanley Rabinowitz Florence M. Hunter Charles A. Tillman Robert H. Steele Joseph J. Ryan Joan Hunter Charles J.Tooker Mary C. Turley Nancy K. Schlossberg Margaret Jaiks Fernando Torres-Gil Patsy Van Doren Thomas Schneiders Vern Jansen Charlotte E. Tropp RichardA. Woodruff Bert Seidman Bluette Asht Jenkins Orrington W. Tubbs / Charles Senci 4 120 121 /0:41-c !-..% Warren Jernigan gime Mark Eat on.;.,s Peg R. Blaser Ruth S. Scrivner Bernard ,A. Jordon fle,141. Fortney Chester Bloden Robert J. Sell kr,itibert King Cifyliall Ken Blood 'Ethel Shanas k. Earl Kipp fitiirry C. Hannah Virgil S. Boucher Theodore R. Sherrod Melvin Louis Leill Welk L. Henson James E. Bouldin 1,Henrietta Silkey Raymond W. Llpiti Margaret C.Holliman .Harold E. Boysaw F.M. Sims Beinon S. Low.' eGene Jmks Anna Marie Buchmann Marjan Peter Staniec Leon N. MacDonald 4.kah Ruthledge Lawhon Stanlv.C. Burek Louise M. Stanley Paul Manafort, Sr. Alke A. Lee Edw4".Cannady Myrtle E. Stanton Carnemae G. Marquess Eleanor P. Lee let/auk-la Ann Carper Lois Stevenson Ralph Marrkson David L. LOtti Mts. Ted H. Cohn Michael L. Strader EdgardoMenIses Benjamin E-t"My.; iv John A. Davidson Patricia L. Taylor Mario Kenicis Irene H. Medley Nettie Mae Dawson Rosemary Thomson Garson kleyer Maynard A. Mobley Julianne Depinto Michaele, Tomeczko Judy F. Wye/ James E. Montgomery Vera Duncan Ruth L. Toomey

John MOtton Vita R. Ostrander . Ruperi Evans William James Tullar Joseph E. Myerg, Bernard H. Palay Hazel R. Findley Mary L. Turcol Mary Jane Nobli4 4 Lucy Juneile Rhode's- NRobert A. Foley Eugene M. Verdu :railer C. Osterbind Frances H. Rossman V. Cassie Enda Folgate Rev. William S. Warford Robert L. Parry Elliott M. Roudtiee Floyd Edward Galliher Ronald Weismehl Jean Jones Perdue KathleenE. ScrAggs Ella M. Gardner Granger Westberg Eric Armin Pfeiffer Mrs. Louis Sika's' Joseph b. Gidwitz Harold Whiteside Joseph pincus Thomas Wesley, Jr. Idelle Goode Linda P. Wing Maria Louisa Purdom Clara W. West Mary M.P. Graber Alvin Winkler Margaret S. Putman Joe H. White Itt Robert H. Griffiths Eleanor M. Wooten Mae H. Radcliff J. Frank WhitliV4 Robert K. Gustafson Indiana Miguel Recarey, Sr. Virginia Zachert Ernest E. Hanson Harold Clark Riker Guam Margaret A. Hayes Jose Alamillo Robert W. Rousch Wilma L. Heathcock Dorothy Media Alexander Deborafi5anderson Joaquin V. Manibusan Fred V. Hein Issac K. Beckis Morris Schiffman Pedro Dkz Perez Mary J. Herrick James Bopp, Jr. Dorothy A. Schilly, Florencio T. Ramirez Marshall M. Holleb 'Rosa Lee Brown Max Serchuk Hawaii Richard Hutson Ann Burgen Abraham I. Silverman Charles R. Jolicoeur Charlene Byrd Ann E. Smith Laurence J. Capellas Bobbie J. Jones James F. Conover Hal Spaet Celia Moss Hailperin Lou Jungheim Elnora P. Cooper Mary Ellen Stacey Merle William Hawthorne Helen L. Kates Louise D. Crooks JohnStokesberry Rose Homer Prances Brent Killey F. Benjamin Davis Anita Teitelbaum Theodore D. Hussey Judge Michael Kinney George L. Davisson Samuel F. Townsend Lillian C. Ito Mary Alma Koerner George E. Davy Ida L. Wallace Shimeji Kanazawa Bertha C. Koger Fay B. Ebrite Evelyn Watts Ah Quon McElrath Margaret L. Kraft Miurice E. Endwright Joe Werner Sharon Yuriko Moriwaki Regina Kulys. Robert H. Farber . J.B. White James T. Okamura Edward LaSalle Lester J. Fox Arnolta Williams Masaichi Tasaka Helena Z. Lopata Lula Mae Garriott Mamie Evelyn Williath Tony A. Tomoso Linford A. Marquart Melvin W. Glendening David Zachem Kenneth A. Wong Finley McGrew Carl M. Hartman Brendan Harvey Victor M.Zink Idaho - Lois D. Maicar '0 Ellie Holt Georgia Regina M. Merritt Rose Bowman Sister Ellen Claire Miller Virgil Hunt Rev.Ralph D. Abernathy Hattie A. Derr Curtis H. Moore Carolyn R. Leeds Shirley Adcock Richard0. Gibler Lorraine S. Moss Janet R. Maclean Elaine Hyirs Auten Ella M. HilVerda June Murphy Frances Opp Mirtin Lura E. Alks, John Earl Mills Bernice L. Neugarten Christian M. McClure Grace 1-1. BarRdal4 Yoshie Ochi Josephine K. Oblinger Helen Louise McCormick James A. Bag-WO:5,44' William F. Radke Robert J. O'Connor Jean Merritt Tro4. Bledscie7")''' Richard J. Sar(ders Masako M. Osako Marian Miller H6(ry.f,C. Bowden Marilyn Stanger Margaret Person Martin iller 4.11rooks Brantley Fern C. Trull Phyllis Pinkerton , Nelson o'lPoOthle Brewer Ruth A. White Lillian Pitschmann Mae F. Newson Fr. Calhoun Illinois Mary Margaret Ragusa Frank Bume4Fille Mildred T. Callahan June Dunn Ransom . Eugene Fur,' Larose D. Coat Daniel Alvarez Caroline L. Redebaugcst" Dellas M. Ross George H. Coker Samuel L. Andelman Lucille T. Robinson Reba Rovick Ruth H. Coleman Richard Austin Walter Robinson Aloysius J. Rumely, Jr. Thomas Cook, Jr. 011ie Baker Alvin Joseph Roffman Malcolm Oscar Scamahorn And?Batliner James V. Root . Alice L. Sullivan Phil Bianco Harry E.Thompson 122 121 Ida M. Thorp Kentucky ,Iune Fischer Perkins Cornelia B. Curtis Max F. Wright PatriciaA. Riley Anne Hall Davis Charles W. Adams Glen W. Torrey Neicei C. Degen Iowa Nelda Barton Eleanor Voorhees Arthurpriscoll G. Riehard Ambrosius GH'ford S. Blyton Anthony F. Wedge, Jr. George F. Driscoll Kenneth R. Austin Velma L. Booth Elizabeth C. Knight Madeline Dugger-Kelley Blanche L. Brown John M. Banker, Jr. Maryland Isaac Fine Gladys Buffalo Benson Edward Caudill Sister Dorilda Flynn Franklin A. Black Mildred W. Cheqault Catherine W. Adams Mary F. Forrester Glenn R. Bowles Alexander W. Erlen 'Robert Ashworth Eleanor Gilmartin Barbara Eckoff Mary Fox William H. Ayres Merlyn J. Girard Mildred Elliott Jane Lewis Greenebaum J. Glenn Beall Evelyn M. Greeley Eleanor H. Emanuel Judith M. Havrilek W. Dale Bormuth John F. Green 4 Sigoi Lenea Falk Bernice Kahn Ronald L. Bowers David Greer Rosemary P. kilduff \-.- Mary,Grefe Paul L. Brehnt Winnifred L. Hinds Rag Hagie Arlene Leonard , David L. Brigham Kenneth J. Kelley Wendell Harms Irving M.,Lipetz Gabriel Brinsky William C. Kvaraceus Merlin P. Harvey Dellard Moor Daniel H. Burkhardt Paula K. Lewellen Glen E. Haydon Ennis Brooks Newton Madge C.Theek'`\ Rachel R. Lieberman Esther L. Hubbartt Dorothy C. Offutt A. Judith Chwalow Louis Lowy Clifford W. Humphrey Paul Powell Louis E. Clemens Robert C. Maher Esther F. Johnson Ken Robison Gerald John Fleming Thomas Henry Mahoney Dorothy Kusel Anne Ross Ruth H. Forster Frank J. Manning Mkk Lura Melvin C. Sexton John J. Furjanic Richard L. McDowell Clarence A. Miller Earl Platt Slone Kenneth E. Goodger Madlyn M. McNiff ilkathryn M. Moon Richard H. White Rena Z,breenblatt Lissa McSherry on Carlos Nickerson Mabel W. Wiggins Betty K. Hamburger Charles N. Moore ohn E. Peterson Louisiana Carole Hays George S. Moran Colleen Shaw Francis L. Holsinger Ruth C. Moy Gayle Vincent Strickler Marylee E. Boyd William R. Hutton Marines N. Nikitas Kathryn E. Tanner N. Yolanda Burwell Kathleen Mary Jamieson Albert Polgar Esther M. Tauke Fran Bussie Gwendolyn A. Johnson Richard H. Rowland Chades Burr Chamblee William Thayer Ann Jones - Anthony Santos Elmer H. Vermeer Doris Laie Chesky Everett W. Lehmann Christian W. Schembri Raymond H.. Doss Horace Webb John B. Martin Lucile Schuck Nomie D. Farley Sue Yenger Alfred Edward Maumenee James Schulz . Michael W. Finnegan Leslie Meil Paul Sonnabend Kansas Gerald R. Gehringer Katheryn D. Mitchell Ruth M. Spencer Al Bramble Edward J. Hannie Delguta Mostwin Joseph Stanton Virginia D. Buck Beula CarverHicks Clifton Murray Frederic E.Sterritt Cgrlos Cooper Thelma Holden Robert A.,Pascal Ann V. Trumble Rev. William E. Craig Catherine Jacocks Rachel Pemberton Frederic B. Viaux Delores Marja Fitzmaurice Anna Jourdan Ann Peters,' Bernice S. Waldman Georgia Neese Gray Grady Leahman Kelly Eloise Nancy Pickrell Vincent T. Walsh Betty Hanicke Larry Kinlaw Alfred Parker Quimby Lloyd BordenWaring Kathryn Helsel' Emil Kotcher William Reichel Joseph A. Wilk Sylvia Hougland Sharon LaFleur ""----alwin J. Robertson Alfred N. Willett Calvin James Dorothy B. Lastrapes Delores D. Rottmann Michigan Millie Krasne Emma P. Mainous Edyth H. Schoenrich Hal C. Leonard Demetria H. McJulien Margaret Schweinhaut Margheritta S. Allardice Joseph W. Leverenz Claudia Pipkins John Schlegel Fran Ball Helen Melichar Luis Rabel Constance St. Clair Solan Marcellano N. Benemerito Helen Raye Miller Martin C. Shambra, Jr. Galina Suziedelii . DavidM;Brodsky Margaret,D. Mullikan Joe G. Sheppard , Matthew Tayback Ruth Hogden Buckner Katherine Par k Pyle Joeli. Simpson 4 George Williams Rosemary K. Clark Anna Reed Helen P. Sims Walter R. Williams'on Theodore Cooper Laurence Reeves Franklin B. Staff Ruth S. Wolf John J. Dagostino Russell L.Terry David Demko Forrest f Robinson Massachusetts Anna Mae Sjtaffer Emelda Washington Wilma T. Donahue - Allie Mae Williams MaedetneSmith - Msgr. Joseph T. Alves Joan Duggan Louis R. Anastasi Earl Enos Dutton Rozella K.C. Swisher Maine C. Joe Thornton Randolph Antonsen Almetha L. England' Paul Vann Laurence P. Bagley Genevieve M, Ash George S. Freeman Mary Lou Warren Susan B. Brown James A. Bergman Naney Gadola Ray Weide Charles M. Cott Robert H. Binstock Frances S. Gardner Howard Dana Anna Bissonnette ,Freida E. Gorrecht George B. Forbes Sol S. Bdskind Dorothy Haener Mae Frances Parker Edward L. Cooper Andrew Hardy 122 123 John 0. Harrington Frank J. Fay' Jacob H. Flisher Verna Lee Knuth Peggy Hinchey William Fisher' Lois Goodpasture Orel W. Koelling Morris W. HQod, Sr. Sigurd Flaata W.E. Grindstaff Alvin M. Petersen Margaret A. Hossack Robert L. Gagne Billie Hagan Bonnie I. Reitan David Humphrey Lois Ruth Hacker T.A. Haggard Jerald Schenken Catherine M. Jeffnes K. William liagstrom Lettie Hardy_ Charles Thone --HarrietP.Headley Dorothy Harrison --Harold-It-Johnson Nevada Clarice Jones Walter H. Johnson Ruth Martha Huston Helen Justewicz OlafJ. Kaasa Janie L. Ireland Charles Black Mary Kendall Ethel Ruth Krukemeyer Frank A. Israel Jimmie M. Boyles , Sylvia Ann Kozorosky Anti M. La Voy . VirFinia E.Jackson Eileen B. Brookman Floyd George Laetz Ida M. Martinson Gladys J. Jones Doris N. Churchill Elizabeth Lewis James P. McGinnis Lucille L. Karvis Hazel L. Gardella Alvin D. Loving, Sr. Fred R. McComb Paul Kinder Louise C. Lightner Olga M. Madar Lu Verne M. Molberg I. Bigford Kiasner John B. McSweeney Leo J. Mahany Grace J. Nelson Mildred P. Leaver Ira Murphy Robert Gordon McReavy Glenn Nielson Jeanne S. Lee Alice Smith Helen Morrison Marie Eckart Nobre Clementine S. McAllister Allan Melvin Triner Lloyd W. Moseley James J. Pattee Mary Jane Mendenhall Laura G. Tupper Lawrence L. Murray, Jr. Jane Preston Danice Merrick Elma J. Turner Rosella Helen Neumann Leonard F. Ramberg Dorothy S. Miller New Hampshire Bud Norris Katherine A. Sehlin Stuart F. Murphy ,Roxanna 0:Connor Everett Sherman Madge Myers John M. Buckley Kenneth E. Oettle Dashan Skorich Warren A. Peterson Lois H. Daloz Dennis Joseph O'Leary Percey Stuckey Katyhyn D. Powell Stephanie Eaton V/. Robert Payant Laverne D. Swan John St. Clair Charlotte L. Ehrler DorOthy Payne . Josie Terwey Marie Steele Doris Genest Davie Pickett Philip Robert Williams John Andrew Taylor Madeline Haynes Mable Poindexter Earlene Toler Mildred Horton Mississippi Stanley R. Pratt Dorothy A. Tyree Chrysoula A. Katsiaficas Harley B. Proper Valerie S. Adams Jane Vickrey Marguerite C. Kelly Genevieve E. Rakocy H.A. Arnold, Jr. Rosetta Webb Elaine Lyons Sarah Renstrom Patricia M. Balduf Leonard J. Williams James R. MacKay Joseph* Rightley Andrew J. Caldwell Raymond Wood Forrest McKerley Sidney lasen John F:Egger Lucille Zahner William D. O'Rourke Zane Fields Eva M. Sartwell Faye Ross Montana Doris Rucks FrancitD. Glamser Richard Strome John D.F. Russell Irene Grayson Wallace S. Blue William Thoms Jack F.Sanders Ida Joyner.Haworth Norma Fern Kell Sara M. Townsend Edward E. Schnell Aaron E. Henry Cecelia Lankford NewJersey Roberta Schrock Shirley Jones William A. MacMillan , Herbert L. Scofield Earl Kelly Walter Marshall Maria Banta Joseph A. Scott, Jr. McKinley C. Martin Bernice McGee Joseph E. Becker Dale E. Sheltrown James S. Mcllwain Virginia M. McGreevey Harry Bittner Joseph M. Snyder Evelyn McPhail Mary E. Palmer Stephen J. Bruner John S. Taylor Charles T. Nettles Gary Refsland Craig Donald Burrell Sister Agnes Clare Thid I rva Nettles Stanley J. Rogers Rebecca Batts Butler Frank Byrne Robert Thomas Ginevera N. Reavesr Lois C. Shorey . Sister RobertineTreppa Helen V. Sawyer Dolly Siderius Vivian F. Carlin Dorothy Walker Ranville Tom Sawyer Oleta M. Smith JohnChamberlain Estelle K. Chavis Ernest F. Walraven John Winston Waid . Nityajo Nation John Welborn David B. Wilson Eunice R. Conover Jack DeGroat (AZ) Gladys Crasta Marie Wentela Missouri Marion Wheeler Kenneth H. Cody, Sr. (NM) Alice Cuff Angie Aker Doris W. Dealaman Eugene H. White Nebraska Mabel R:Wilhams' Dorothy Ar old Sister Ellen Desmond (V Julia Winchester Mildred E.oessen Jacqueline S. Abel George Dower Coleman A. Young Rosanna C Bradshaw Mildred Althouse Kanak Dutta Delores R. Zonca Ronald W. Brightwell Dorothy Beatty Lena F. Edwards Dave Broeker Dorothea E. Bek Naomi Newby Epps Minnesota * Roberta Capps, Paul J. Bender Audrey Olsen Faulkner Royal Bryan Bakke Lucius F. Cervantes Ruth C. Blankenship Bernard J. Gallagher Jane C. Belau Edna L. Chavis Kathleen M. Cavanaugh Alvin E. Gershen Gerald.A. Bloedow $haron S. Cox Gayle B. Childs Hazel . Gluck Cyril Hilary Carpenter Bina S. Davis Donna Clark Marie Gonzalez Juanita Christenson Opal E. Eckert H. Clay Cox, Jr. Anthony J. Gottberg Virgil Earl Christensen Kenneth M. Fields C. Bruce Davis Haikaz M. Grigorian Jeanne V. Cooper Denham'Harman Eone Harger

123 s ' I 124 James T. Holcombe Paul Brotz Susan Kinoy Janet S. Sainer Victor E. Hruska is.4aBrudner Geoffrey L. Kotzen Dens A. Sarason Rev. Samuel Art hur Jeanes John Burnell Rose M. Kryzak Matthew Schoenwald Harry Jellinek Mary K. Bush Winifred Lally Rita Schwartz Eve Kraft Rosemary Clare William P. Leightes Terry M. Scott Mildred Krasnow Blanca Cedeno Enrique Leon Howard A. Seitz Rabbi Pesach Z. Levovitz Mary Crobsy Chappelle , Connie S. Linden Louis Silver Ture Lyzell Louise Chazin Eleanor Litwak Elver O. Smith D: Jane Maloney Merrell M. Clark Ed Livingston Ernest A. Smith Klara Markovitz Joseph Coco Mary Yee-Man Lo Rae Spanover Steve Markowski Michael Coleman Preston Long Roberta R. Spohn JosSphMastriani Lenore Cooney Vito J. Lopez Irene Stillings Desiree Mittelstadet Ann Marie Cortese Nelson J. Lugo Fred Stimpson Gladys 0. Moss George W. Cowles Harold Lui Rabbi Marc Tannenbaum Bernice C. Muha Catherine Cross Elisa B. Maduro Laura Douglas Temple . Martin F. Murray Natalia G. Davis Robert Maier Priscilla Timpson Cecile Norton Thal Davis Max Lyman M. Tondel, Jr. James J. Pennestri Mother M. Bernadette Peggy S. Itarcus Ethel C. Torgesen Eleanor S. Rubin de Lourde HarodMIrgolij Gordon Van Atta Carmen J. Sanchez Kenneth J. Deedy Ellen M. Martin Gertrude Van Kirk Dominick R. Sanfilippo Norma R. Downey Ernesto Martinez Linda VanBusk irk Lee Santangelo Suleika C. Drinane Rita DiMartino Paul E. Vogan Anita Santucci Eleanor Mary Duchman Mother M. Aloysias McBride Marion P. %ate Louis J.SeNhafer Edward H. Duggan Rev. Theodore McCarrick Wyatt Tee Walker Eva Sheehan James Durante Abbit McCoy Helen B. Webber Charlotte B. Simon Patricia A. Eaton George W. McKinney, Jr. Harry Weinerman Harold Sparkman John D. Edmond Louise M. McLernere Yvonne White Walter M. Taylor Carl Eisdorfer L illian J. Meadows Clifford Whitman Etta May Truitt Lucille L. Etheridge Gerson Meyer Roland Willoughby Conrad Vuocolo Msgr. Charles Fahey Friedhikk H. Milburn Mary C. Wilt Rev. Edward J. Walsh Carol G. Farkas Benjamin Miller Judith Wineman Chester Whittaker Hugh T. Fadey Morton Miller Sara-Alyce P. Wright William E. Williams , Margaret Feldman Sibyl A. Miller Belle Zeller Francis Femminella Nissan Mindel Ann Zahora North Carolina Beecher Zollinger Harold J. Ferguson Connie Montilla Virginia Ferracho Robert L. Moon, Anne Bagnal NewMexlco Magda Luz Fierro Msgr. Emerson j. Moore William H. Bell Joseph F. Abeyta 14' Roberta B. Figer Joseph F. Mosarra Fred G. Brummitt Lee Burns John J.,Foley James H. Mullaky Lucille Burnette Win nifred Conner Karen Furey Msgr. James J. Murray Ewald William Busse Virginia Crenshaw Alejandro Garcia William Nagel Eloise Cofer Agnes M. Dill Margaret M. Geffken Rose M. Napoli Patrick John Considine Alfred Elgin, Jr. Laicha Gellman Evelyn B. Neleson Robert Leroy Crews Antonio G. Jimenez Charles Gibbs Sister Mary Bernard Nettle John T. Denning John Spencer Johnson Lou Glasse Sister Paschala Noonan Alfred M. Denton, Jr. Lupe Mendias Mendez Jane G. Gould J hine M. Nunneekamp Edward J. DOwd, Jr. Roberto A. Mondragon Elinor Guggenheimer Ro E. O'Donnell Goudyloch E. Dyer Paul Nathanson Harold Hafner ernes F.X. O'Rourke Nettie D. Ellis Sue F. Ogden Mark E. Hamister John M. O'Shea L. Hackett French Mary Tafoya Paul Harenberg Henry J. Osinski Carolyn C. Gaddy Josie J. Velarde Grace Harewood . Joan O'Sullivan Jane E. Gallakher Ray Woodham Rabbi Jacob J. Hecht Marilyn A. Patriarco Monroe Taylor Gilmour Hector W. Hill Ada Patton Rachel Gray New York Leora G. Hills Sister Marie M. Peewee Alice B. Griffin Melvin Aaronson Rabbi David B. Hollander Robert L. Popper Raymond L. Hilton Thomas Abbott, Jr. Josephine Hong .Jane Porcino Helen Driver Jacobs Marisol/Alba G. Michael Hostage Evan Pritchard Ann M. Johnson Andy Anderson Kenneth D. Howard Mildred Quamina Joseph E. Johnson, III Encarnacion P. Armas Lowell Iberg , Mary Ann Quaranta Henry L. Jones Adelaide Attard Sister Maria Iglesias Maria E. Redo Vira R. Kivett Irma Badillo Miriam Jackson Jahn J . Repn . Margaret Lanier James Balog Theodora Jackson Jacob Reingbld ' Gatha Laiiister Robert N. Beck Beatrice Jacobs Anne ReynOlds Paul M. Limbert Roslyn A. Bil ford Jean L. Janover . Stephen Rigalo George L. Maddox Sara Blow Rose Irene Jenkins Delores ROdriquez LOisM. McManus Sister Mary Boland J. Leonard Johnson . Homero Rosado Sister Jeanne M. McNally Lydia M. Bragger Rae Kahn Lady R. kucinski Ernest B. Messer Philip W. Brickner Lucile M. Kinne Vaughn Rudy H.L. Mitchell 124 \ 125 Edwin W. Monroe LawrenceR. Gale -Oklahoma Peggy.L. Black Jean Speirs Muller Victor Gennert Charles Andrus Gorham L. Black, Jr. Baxter Prevatte, Jr. Margaret M. Gofie Joanne Blankenship David W. Braithwaite Raymond Rapp Edward C. Haat' Frank Buce Josogh H. Britton Male Sanders Bertha Brown Merril B. Haney John Stephen Carhle Louise Bole Saunders Janie H. Harris Jane Carney Lorence F. Brown Maceo Sloan / Audrey P. Burchfield Ralph E. Hazelbaker Bobbie Jean Creacy Elisabeth W. Smith Minnie Byrd Mary F. Hoffman A.E. Qickman Eina B. Spaulding Zeima L. Holmes Robert Goldman James Catoggio E. Virginia Stone Nancy Honschopp Beulah Gwin Angelo J. Cefalo William li.Stopps Frank Ceheisky A. Suzanne Hughes Charlotte Gray Heard Sister Mary Barbara Sullivan Hugh F. Hughes Fannie E. Hill Elias Surut Cohen Fannie Lorgley Thomason Sister Mary Humbert Clyde W. Jackson Georgianna Cherinchak Cole Elizabeth NV'ilch LeGree Daniels Martin A. Janis Spencer Johnson John H. Williams Nelson, Diaz Alice-Kay Jenkins Roy R. Keen William Wilson Payir.Dunkelberger Ruby Johns I Tommy Keen Ellen Winston R.1BtidI Dwyer JeromeKaplan Betty McElderry Wilma Woodard Aine G. Eller Herman H. Kenning Paul McGuire Betty Ye Iton Paul Dorhman Kinchen Mrs. Clydia Nahwoosky Leonore R. Elkus North Dakota Dorothy.E. Lawrence Abel Noan Randy Engel Gilbert A. Lease Samuel L. Evans Ben Gustafson Ryland H. Oliver Grace B. Liggihs Betty V. Quintana Grace A. Fletcher Josephine M. Gustafson Robert Fohl William Livingstone Hope Ross Sybil Baker Kelly Edith Lukens Dorothy M. Forney Jim Kennelly Richard E. Shepherd V. Laura Lumsden S. Arch Thompson Joseph T. Freeman Henry Lundene Paul S. Friedman Michael G. Maistros Flora Wagner Alvin A. Mayer Harry D. McCo,nville Dorothy L. Gardner , Ida Nitschke Gerald A. McRill Oregon Edith Geise Curtis Olson -Christina S. McWherter Elsie Bartlett Jean Gomer Anna Powers Linda M. Moran Bill Brainard Estelle Goodman Ardeen E. Sveum Dorothy Moreton Scott Clevenger Alfredo Granero Eleanor Wilcox Leila Moxin Karl F. Drlica Robert T. Gray Northern Mariana Islands Rosalie L. Naber William Fast Dan James Gunsallus Florence Oblak Bernice Feibleman Margaret J. Hamilton Edward M. Cabrera Robin Cheryl Oldfather Marina S. Gardiner Nina M. Helbling Ricardo R. Duenas Fern Marie Perin Bobbi L.GaryV Arthur E. Helfand Ohio Lawrence Pitterman William Gordoh Mervin Andrew Heller Toni Podojil William'E. Greene Lillian 0. Holliday Mary Adams Louise G. Puryear John Hakanson Elizabeth I. Holmes Leon H. Albert Helen G. Ranney Vernia Jane Hu ffnian Harry r. Hughes, Jr. Betty Arnspiger Clarence B. Ratermah Lela Mae Humiston William Hunt a Dorothy C. Bailey Edwardina Riggans Albert A. Kunigisky Lillian A. Husted Don Bainter Marjorie C. Ruttan Sister Patricia T. McCann Jessie F. lgou William C. Blank Dorothy V. Ryan Mildred B. McCauley Elaine Jackson Jennie Bochir MariKathryn Schafer Walter J. MCGettigan Mary Jane Jacobs Clarence H. Borgelt Eldonna Shields ClaYton John Nyberg Betty D. Johnson Joseph Bosilievic Barbara M. Silverstone Edwin Singmaster John H. Jones Howard B. Bram .Jean Slaughterbeck Heltn May Stonebrink Harry Kaplan Anna V. Brown ._,Jerry D. Smart Pauline C. Swain Martha G. Kitchen Helen SPotts Brown- Thomas J. Starks Grace Szigethy Betty S. KlapPer G. James Buchy Harv.ey L. Sterns Reta Talbott Mag& E. Kuhn Carinen Bursae Mary H. Tecca Litha Waniess Daniel R. Cearny lone Caldwell Eleanor Thmas Sisterirma Catharine Leicht Laretta Carek Robert S. Thomas Pennsylvania Lazarus LeMon Erie D. Chapman Alamay J. Thrasher Everett T. Allenjr. Thomas V. Let Icy Philip Chelhick Dorothy Tolle Arthur Allan Ankeny John Marshall Lewis Joseph Clark Wilfred A. Verhoff Carmen Aponte Rufus S. Lynch Kathy Clymer ' David E. Wadden Thomas A. Baker Adele B. Lynn Donald E. Corwin Everest S. Warren Philip C. Batdorf Frances R. McAllist9r Lucille Costello Hahnah B. Weeks Marlene Beck ivanita McCarter James H. Crawford Floyd E. Wenger Bridget Belford Gehrge E. McClomb William G. Davis Lynda K. Willidmson Evelyn R. Benson Msgr. James J. McHale Sandra Derrow Elizabeth G. Wolfe- George H. Berkheimer Frank McKee ,R obert Dorsey Estelle Woloshyn Theodora Berlatsky Sedric W. Melidosian William Dorsky Ddnald R. Young Robert Binnie 'F.T. Metzger Zoe Dunphy C. Drexel Black Frances A. Miller Helen Evans . Heney M. Min Alexandra Fleckles Vivian Mitchell 126 125

dd. John Morris Leo Pocchiari Lois T.Jackson George King Margaret C. Munley Anna M. Prior Etta R. Johnson-Garner Chris Kyker Frances)2. Murray Anna M. Tucker Vivian Kennon Carlos G. Leon Paul W. McBath Thomas C. Letts Grant Musselman--- South Carolina Sally Newjnan Miller McDonald Luz Marie Loya John,,R. O'Connell Constance D. Armitage Grady V. (Mem Jo Ann Luck ie Peggy S. O'Neil M. Lee Blackburn Mrs. Clint Pickens James L. MacKay Margaret C. Peirce Dill B. Blackwell Rabbi Zalman Posner David Maldonado, Jr. Pauline Pettegrew Dorothy M. Blackwell Geneva Price Robert Martin Earl R. Reardon Gene Boyle Brading Jerome Ryans, Sr. Gayle McComb David L. Reed Helen D. Brawley Naomi I:. Stef fey Georgia McKinney Rabbi Joseph Rothstein Nellie-Claire Brown Lucille Thornburgh Norman Moorehead Harry S. Sack : Harry R. Bryan etty Joalker Gladys W. Neu' Francis J. Scumaci Rev. Percy C. Carter Ge . Welch Lucinda Oaxaca Albert W. Seitz Arthur John Clement, Jr. Georgia Kelly Wisdom Elizabeth Olhausen Rev. Francis A Shear* June Durham Emily Wiseman Elma G. Ortiz Rabbi Abraham Shemtov Harold G. Dye Nell H. Wright Ed Palm Eugene L. Shirk Eugenia H. Evans George A. Parker N. Eugene Shoemaker Ernest A. Finney Texas Ernestine T. Patrick Margaret R Spencer Leroy Fyall Isaac V. Perez Clarence P. Ackles Ann Mane Spiardi Louise Helms Angeta Prieto Edward 0. Acrey Katherine L. Stahlman Catherine Johnson Juanita H. Quinteros Adele S. Adams Joel S. Steel Queen E. Johnson Maxine N. Regnier Shelma H. Ahrens John R. Steinmetz Robert A. Kohn Jessie Terrel Rice Rev. Barbara S. Stoop Thomis M. Marchant, III J. Marcus Anderson e Christine Richardson Betty Stritzel Erminie M. Nave Juan Armendariz Pete R ios Rev. Leon Sullivan Jody Newman Robert Herman Augustinus James Roberts ;John E. Thomas Phyllis G. Pellann Virgil E: Blakney Jack Robertson Charles J. Toth Birdie T. Pompey Victoria Bowie Connie P. Rose SusaoK. Travis Rebecca Price Floyd C. Burn'ett Gordon Rose Ruth Mitchell Tucker Helen Edwards Propst Ray Van Buskirk Gloria G. Saca Dolly Tunney Pansy Ridgeway Veins Frank Butaod Houston Schweitzer Michael Tyson William M. Rogers Donnie Carriker Herbert H. Shore Betty Umstattd Edward Watson Rushton Vincent A. Carrozza Bert Kruger Smith Frederick C. Vairo Sue L, Scally Connie A. Castillo Mrs. M.J. Snell Nancy van Vuuren Clyde Shirley J.B. Clements Jean Sommerfield Bette D. WSIters Vashti Smith Tim Cobb Nora Gray Springfield Richard G. Wardrop South Dakota Onie B. Conley Grady St. Clair Clifford Washington Gary R. Cook Georgia I. Taylor Sarah Jane Werner Caroleboos Ethel Coolcsey Frank E. Torres Dwight Wight Harold Gray William Cooper Brownie Trevino Stephen Wisyanski Peg Lamont Dominga Coronado Estella Trevino Richard H. Zachariason - Esther Naessig Dorothy Davison Betty S. Turner Jack Zucker Oscar A. Oksol Raul De Los Santos Dorothy M. Vanderslice dr- Shirley Mae Overland Ben E. Dickerson L.G. Bill Vawter Puerto Rico Harold Shunk W.J. Dickinson Irene Vidaurri Haydee Anton Flavia Throm William Donnell Stanford D. Ward Jenaro Collazo-Collazo Mildred White Walker Rose Duvall Rosella H. Werlin Russell A. Del Toro Ruth Williams Don Emerson Nora Lee Wilmer Manuel De La Rosa John Fonteno Jamye Winters TeAnessee Luis A. Ferre Hiram Friedsam Lester L. Womacic Rosa Celeste Marin Ellen Ballew Charles Gaitz Trust Territory of Angeles Pastor Lisa C. Barnes E.L. Cialyean Pacific Islands Aida Perez-Gonzalez Medford P. Bowman Consuelo L. Garcia Reinaldo Pirela David Brodsky Robert Gibbons Nick Andon Antonio Quiros Mendex Raymond H. Brown Willie Lee Glass Anien Atlan Renato M. Royo Ruth Butler Bryant Harriet Griffin Augustine H. Moses Azilee Canfield John Lyle Hamner Augusta N. Ramarui Rhode Island Charlene W. Collier Suzanne Harris Utah H. Cushman Anthony William R. Douglas Wadella Heath Marguerite Beaubien Harry C. Francke M. Joe Helms JerryHamilton Bc4up Msgr. Joseph F. pracq Mary Gardner Gardenhire Lenora Hernandez Urcy Belle Demings Frances Campbell L.O. Gilkespie Mable Hernandez Daniel Tapia Gallego Josef Norman Foie! Paul D. Goddard Barbara Gail House Eldon T. Gray Nancy R. Johnson - W. Lloyd Grauhke ,Noe P. Jimenez Martin Dennis Higbee . Sister Irene Maynard Sarah Moore Greene Dan Jones . Victor,Kassel Robert W. McCreanor Tom G. Henry Seta Jones 'Josephine M. Kasteler Mary Crowley Mulvey Peggy Ann Houston Grace Carter Keeling Florence Leonard

126 1Ogr " Shama O'Neil Hyman L. Krieger Kathy Rymer Garrett Carol A. Payne Carl A. krson Kathleen Huffman F. Leon PoVey Edith W. tatham Greta A. Karickhoff Carl Saunders Lunsford L. Loving Emma Calloway Robinson Robert H. Teicbert Thurman W. Manning Robert Ross Annis B. Tribe Joanne McMurray Hugh M. Shafer t Vermont Alfred Mistr . James Buhl Shahan Nicholas K Panuzio Harold Denver Slaughter Judith W. Caldwell Ruth Peters Mrs. Alexander Stout Florence M. Coutant John Proctor Woodrow Taylor Barbara Cummings Betty J. Reams Philip Turner Faire Edwards Sterling Reeves Halmar Washington'', Clifford Burr Harwood H. Lawrence Rice Charles Wellings Ildiko Heffernan Hazel J. Royal Jacqueline E. Yeager Jerry Kirk Andrew E. Ruddock Melvin Mandigo Morris G. Sahr Wisconsin Oscar Peterson John Scherzer' By ford Baker Mary Ellen S. Spencer Robert L. Schneider Oranda C. Bangsberg William A. Tisdale Maude Lester Smith Katharine Carroll Esther Jane Uric Francis J. Speh Marcella I. Chase Susan Webb Barbara M. Thomas Ruth K. Coley Viva A. Whitney Jobnnye J. Thompson Evelyn R. Ecker Margaret B. Whittlesey Michael A. TON Floyd Finley Virgin IMands Mary Tovar E. Donald Fitzsimmons T. Preston Turner Marlys S. Griffiths Elena L. Christian Agamemnon Vassos William 0. Hart Myrtle E. Edwards Geraldine Walker H. Conrad Hoyt!. Melvin Evans Luis Warf .Marvin H. Keil Huldah A. Joseph Oma S. Williams Agms Klabunde Walter Williams Virginia Affelia Koski lond Kreamer Robert Alderman Washington Blossom Maiden Johnson Alderson Gustav M. Bacharach Dolores Miller Virginia Allan June Biggar Harold Miller James Roy Alphin Muriejj. Brigham Douglas W. Nelson Mike Balzano L. Irene Carlson Thadis Patterson Eugene A. Banks Rena A. Cave Mildred Perry Claudio Benedi Warren Downing Gilbert L. Raabe Carl Bieber Eleanor Fortson Elmer Charles Sill Bert Bob bit Moses George Woodrow Smith Hazel L. Bowen Lillian M. Gideon Patricia Stade J. Robert Brouse John Giese Hazel C. Stover Paula P. Brownlee Ethel Mae Gross Ruth Ann Strozinsky Jewel S. Carrington William E. Gurney Earl Sumner Chai Chang Choi ,Maria C. Hernandtz-Peck Milo K. Swanton Ana Colomar Ralph D. Hubbard , James Thurman Sykes Mary Ellen Cox Evelyn M. Hylton Max Taglin CarlCroasdale Laurie. M. Jensen Mildred Trujillo Homer W. Curinifgham Louise M. Kamikawa Gladys R. Voegtli Sidney Robert bavis Merriam E. Lathrop Grace Walsh Ray Dotson Mabel Lewellen Joe E. Wissing Jacqueline D. Driver Ensley M. Llewellyn Wyoming William M. Eagles Catherine A. May Laura Hurt Elmore William H. Murdach Hiram Beaver Wilda M. Ferguson Kenneth Nazer Douglas K. Bryant Arthur S. Flemming Ruth N. Nichols Mark tox Vera C.-Foster Margaret A: Ohlson Clyde Daniels Charles Garber , Delbert L. Olney Russell 1. Hammond Max Graber Helen P. Rasmussen Albert L. Kongable Julia Hamblet Charles E. Reed Catherine W. Littler Laura Jane Harper George Telisman Jerralee A. Lyman Jimmy Helms Marie S. Murray Sam Hpusron West Virginia Leta M. Nelson William L. Howse, III Ivan Asay Stanley H. Torvik Don Huffman Bea R. Burgess Helen B. Ziegler Hunter Hurst Richard 0. Comfort .tessie H. Key Jim Comstock Kenneth Lee Kramer Jatrt H. Frazier

r 127 Appendix H OBSERVERS 1981 WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON AGING

Alabinia John F.Allard Jon Pynoos -DelawareF-- Agatha A. Anderson Aida M. Ramirez William Acker "- Allen L Brinkley John D. Andes Lyle G. Reynolds '- Martha Evans SyhridAlexander Wilfred S. Armstrong Jacqueline Ridley John E. Amari Jano Maroney Josephine Arquilez Gertrude Roberts Barbara Bonfield Jeffrey Quinzer Ernest Chuck Ayala Patricia Rost ker Irene G. Roles Dorothy Burns Rosa M. Rovig.... Linda Chalkley Sallie R. Banks Ndrma 3. Shaw , Minerva J. Bertholf 'Arthur Schroeder Mary L. Washington Elliott Conway, Sr. Laing Sibbet Pauline H. Frambach Patricia L. Black Joseph G. Zieber Majorie Borchardt Dallas E. Sidlo Agnes R. Mills Barbara Wagner Sklar 'District of Columbia Charles S. Prigmore Bernice Bratter Steven W. Brummel Charles W. Skoien, Jr. Martha Pszyk Bro. Joseph Berg Eldos Cable George L. Smith Barbara-Bey - Mary Lou Rasco Rose Maurer Somerville M,F. Robinson Reynaldo Carreon Donna-C. - Howard F. Clark Lucy R. Still. Karyn Sue Smith -1-feren trdS.Slitifari Mary Lou Clark Rachel Stone James G. Bourie Shirley Totty Lou Svobodr--- Edith Upchurch Cora Cocks Mary Burner Theresa Cordova-Tarr Mary Jane Thomas William T. Coleman Emmanuel Vassilakis Kendal Thurston Rabbi Shlomo Cunin Wi9if,cd E....C91S.r.114n Alaska Viola M. De Groot. Ronnie Tipton Msgr. 1awrencel. Corcoran Rollin Deas Nancy Walton-Fricke Nelson Cruikshafik Howard L. Devore 6 Maurice Deigh Margaret Ann Watson Lu Corbett Daly Pearl K. Goodhope Margaret B.-Douglas Ruth B. Weg James G. Davis Solomon Guthrie Lynne Farrell Phillip G. Weiler Annette Djikinion Victor Haldane Emily B. Fine Mabelle Wells William H. Dodds Robert C. Kallenberg Thurman C. Fletcher Carol Wendland Bruce Merlin Fried Charles Nelson Geneva E. Foucher Lillian Wurzel Dorothy Glaser W. Jeanne Scholz Mary Giacomelli Roberta M. Yee Jack Goldberi;:- John W. Thomas Katheryn Gilliam Josephine Yelder Phil Guarino American Samos Lorna Giulieri Cohlrado Ruth B. Haugen William Hale Brin D. Hawkins Keniseli MOeon Kuaoio Signey V. Bingham, Jr. Leon Harper William D. Hic4an . Benjamin Bisset Arizopa Leonard Hayflick Gloria Hope . Richard John Hebbel Ella Cooper Edward F. Howard Alice R. Drought Louise L. Dalton Irene Hecton Diane Justicer Gloria Du lgov Manuel A. Esquilml John Hector Juanda Kirk Clara Emmett Annetta Frost Boyd Hendrickson Hugh D. Layclin Alma W. Judd Audrey L. Healey Hope Hill Charlotte Mahoney Murray Kassan Donna J. Hommel Louis J. Kettel Kingdon Hirsch Jacqutline Maio Lu Hodges Robert D. Hubbard Joseph M. McCarthy David Lavine Ezequiel D. Jaramillo Mrs. Lu Hodges Larry McNickle David R. Martin Sherry Leich Joe Montoya Elizabeth Irwin M: Kenneth Oboz, Sr. John A. Johnston ,Broun Mayall Kathleen O'Malley Dorothy Powell Bonnie B. Olson Mercia Leton Kahn Ernest E. Post Mike Slattery Macrina Schuller Phillip D. Kimble William Regelson Daniel Robert Tree Linda Siderius' Scotty Kludt Elizabeth Riddler Arkansas Jean Kramer Connecticut Mike Romig Thelma Rutherford Elijah Coleman Louis Labat Robert D. Allred Gottlieb C. SiMon . Bean Hudson 'William F, Landis - David k. Bailey Randall McCain Deanna Lea Howard E. Stone Bruce Crowther Minuel Sucarino M.D. Middleton Ernest Lent Mary Elizabeth Deliee, Sr. Robert A. Poimlexter Jack B. McKay Ed Van Vlaandereren Max Doverman -Ruth.Webster Jack F. Robinson James E. McKenna G.. Randolph Erskine Herb Sanderson Dorothy McLaren - Wilsoo Tova D. Friedler Bob Worley VadaSheid Margaret Mealey Osa Jackson Gay White Ethelyn Mehren Sarah Keleher Florida Norma Jean Wisor Ed Mills Mary J. Lee Azile H. Wrap9. .Gnert V. Mosemeda Eugifie R. Amyx Blanche McCarthy Daniel S. Bedell Jean Nolibow ,Elaine R. Price California 'Joan Newberg Helen J. Blue Minnie Rosenbluh Dianne Avery Brown Ben-Abramovice Navella Nicholson Saluct.T. Acosta Alex Norman Sol H. Brown Edmund Adock *Felix Peralta P. Jock Carroll 128 I

Rev. Hugh B. Cirter, Jr. Duane Tomlin Char kan Talbert Effie Creamer Eva T. Davis Marguerite Woodruf f D. Jeanne Tippett \ Donald H. Hoffman Mary Ellen Early Guam Jeanne Vermillion Robert Jackson Sylvia Escude Gary C. Whitworth Fred Mitchell William J. Ferrell Rita ArleneSantos June Wrona Peggy Mooney Ann Oi Hingham Tomas R ..Santos Indiana Sue A. Newell Norman Goldstein Hawaii Elizabeth N. Sisk Adele Graham 'Mildred Mary Ballman Donna K. Smith Julia Greene Renn Go t o Carol J. Barngrover Suzanne Turner Pat Grise Elenor J. Lloyd* Mary Bates Ann J.Grove Sue E. Reid Ruth Battle Louisiana Sylvia YuenSchwitters William A. Hartman Hylda M. Burton Sandra C. Adams William T. Takaba Fred Hirt Donald F. Clingan Joyce E. Baggett Takashi Yamashita Ruth Ho f fmeister Robert M. Coatie Ben Freedman John Hopkins, Sr. Idaho Patricia Cook George M. Gates David Liebman Lewis J. Gregory ClaytoriA. Graves Bertha English Aaron Lipman Mildred Harrison Elizabeth T. Harris Wil E. Overgaard Ruth R. Lovejoy Grover L. Hartman Marion C. Henderson Ethel Tuman A.E. Mar ple Susan H. Ingle Sydney Jacobs WilmerMcAllister Illinois Dorothy B. Keller Eddie D. Jones John M. McRae Chester Little W. Dee Kelley Felix Miga Beverly J. Aaltonen George T. Lukemeyer Rutha L. Lary Rev. George L. Miller Premo Baracani Willard L. Mays Jane C. Monk Hector M ont Rev. Ellsworth L. Barclay R. Wyatt Mick, Jr. Myrtle B. Pickering Cora F. Morse Murray Berg James A. Murphy -.Mildred L. Reese Tom Nicholson Frank G. Blumb Anita W. Showalter Evelyn J. Ostrow Lois M. Bodeen Thomas G. St rawn -Maine Rebecca Neal Owens Viola M. Brault Margaret A. Weller David Brenerman Mary K. Quirk Joan B. Brinegar Charley Whisman Stephen Farnham Candy Rechtschaffer Marcia Kay Busby Barbara Ann Zeller, Sr. Elenoia D. Favre A. L. Camacho Robert P. Renfrow Iowa Andres L. Fennelly Jean Rubin Viola Carlson James Spencer Fletcher Penny K. Davidsen Elizabeth T. Sauer Donna M. Caton Mrs. Mickey T, Friedman Stanley Shapiro Laura M. Connell Donald R. Emanuel Virginia Norman Carl J. Shipley Charlene Coon Vennetta M. Fiedler Donald Murray Simpson VernonSmith Richard Crabb Margaret L. Hemphill Eva Marion Spade SuZanne Crandall Raymond Hueholt Or. G.B. Tamburello Lovelyn.J. Evans Nona R. Johnson Maryland Anita Tassinari Edward H. Fresen Edward W. Kozelka Rene Anders Morton I. Tacher Leonard Fuchs Grade R. Larsen Edmund G. Beacham. Karen Torgeson Glenna Games Martha A. Nash Stella M. Benesch Judy Travis Gwen Grams Edward A.'Powers Mrs. Julian Chisolm Jacqueline M: Walsh Mary Alice Henry Russell D. Proffitt- kodney Crowther GeraldMe P. West Harold Hopkins Blanche C. Stafford Marilyn Goldwater George Wolpert Charles H. Houk Helen Tack Thomas D. Hinton Frances M. Jach i no Beulah E. Webb Victoria H. Jaycox Georgia Richard Kavanagh Canstantine R. Jurgela Hazel Holley Belew Fred R, Knee Kansas Alexander W, Kramer Benemma Jo Bentley Claudia Kramer' Jo Androes eter P. Lamy Clara K. Brown Louise C. Kredtzer _Bea G. Bacon Monica Lee Mason Henry E. Bryant Dean R. LaFrentz Carol L. Ballentine Dorothy McCord Barbara S. Clank scales Lois L. Lee Janice J. Bergman Albeit Pimental Julianne Cohn Jean D. Morrow Anne Petey Cerf Emilio Perche Rivas William R. Crittenden Albert J. Neely Charlotte L. Edelman Connie Romanell0 Maroin K. 'Fears Anita Perlman' Cordelia S. Emmett Joseph L. Schield Emily F. Harper Michael B. Phelps James Francisco Dorothy A:Shannon James A. Hazelton John W. Pullen Mildred E. Harkness Lois B. Shephard Kay Huston Hind Harriet R. Raridea Irene Hart Paul L. Shepherd Floreine H. Hudson George H. Ryan Irmagene N. Holloway Radi Slavoff Gene va,C. Jarrett Anthony F. Scha udenecker Florence M. Johnson Marcella D. Spigelmire Alice P. Latham Trudy Sch eeiter Eloise Leverenz Gladys M. Sprinkle Nannie L. McCormick Karl A. Schwebke ' Hattie Norman Edna Stilwell Annette Mdiaron Edna L Shadrick Rose Sullivan Kentucky Charles Minors Patricia J. Sheridan t Selma Sweet baum Rosa Ritten berry Nancy C. Silvers Nelda Barnett Patricia Throne Cheryll Schramm Linda Sue Skurla Jeanette M. Cawood Harry F. Walker - Cecilia T. Smith Inese Stokes Dorothy C. Chrisman Michael Winpisinger Annette J. Stewart Margaret L'. Summers Frank S. Clark Emil Zseleczky

129 ? 1 0 Massachusetts Laura Whidby s Navajo Nation New Mexico John J. White , Msgr. Joe Battista Jane B. Grey (AZ.) Anne Morrow Cook ,David Young .Catherine L. Blodgett George Ellis ,,, Nebraska LaurenceG. Branch Minnesota Joe B. darcia J. Keritonfancolly Lowell B. Panteah Barbara Brilhant Paul Harold Anderson Timothy Juilfs Edyth Pierson Harold F. Brochu Peter Wayne Falkman Rev. Helmuth C. BuchmuelleF Mary T. Mannix Dolores M. Fortino Rabbi Moshe Feller Merlyn McLaughlin John Edward Burke New York Richard A. Flesher Edwin R. Miller Marth'E. Bustin Vivian E. Harney Edward W. Canipion Delbert L. Neimeier William Arnone ,Herbert 0 Johnson Falvey Charles Powell Alice M. Arutunjan James R. Cannon Frank C. Jungas LillianV.Cella Jerry Ryan Diana Aviv Abraham Dinch Kastenbaum Walter M. Beattie, Jr. Margueri:e B. Coffey Beatrice M. Kersten Nevada Clare B. Corbett Ida Benderson Raye S. Kreevoy Syble C. Askenette 'Ruth Bennett Terence Curley Ferne E. Lundy Sr. Eileen Driscoll Ruth Lee Cooper 'Bernice Bernstein Irma L. Peterson Pat Dillingham Gloria P. Beutner Ruth NI. Fitzgerald . Joseph W Skovholt Arthur Gold Cornelius U. Hammill Albert E. Blumberg Gordan Oscar Solornonson Neil Ruit Marjorie H. Cantor Ruth A. Hanham Mary Ann Stafford Roger B. Hickler Florence S. Schroeder Florence Carpenter Karen Ann Struve Mae Carpenter Audrey E. Kuhn Wendell M. Swenson New Hampshire Rose MacKenzie Vito J. Caruso ° Elva D. Walker Earl M. Bourdon K. Phyllis Mahoney James Cashen Rabbi Joseph W. Wieknberg Elizabeth K. Lincoln Modest S. Mele Axilda M..Chadwick Margaret L. McGlynn Madeline H. Miceh Mississippi Rita,Chinnery Clement A. O'Brien Eugene E. Tillock Robert D'Andrea Otto H. Coleman Jane M. Walter William Demann Frances Olrich Constance S. Harvey Bernard D. O'Neill M. Pauline Watson Joseph A. Denig Sylvia G. Jackson Joseph Paul New Jersey' Lydia Diaz Robert James Jamison Rose Dobrof RayAnond Dusty Suprenant Alfred E. Johnson Joseph A. Aragona Terrie Wetle Ethel Drayton Jane Kennedy Helen D. Clancy Rosalie S. Wolf Saul .1:Farber John Walton Lovitt Robert N. Danskin Florian M. Galdan Michigan Barbara H. McDonald Edward L. Donohue. Arthur Garson Jay Charles Moon Septimus Douglas David Glaser Edward M. Allardice Laura Whitehead Dale L. Finch :... Don Bentsen Genevieve Glennon Missouri Evelyn Frank Dorothy J. Gray Jan Bocskay John W. Gilbert, Sr. Jackie Borden James V. Hallinsey Jean G. Bacon Thomas E. Hamilton Louis Harris Tess Canja Paul Barks Mary H. Housel Shirley Clancy Nary A. Heffernan Betty Baron Ethel Kahn Mary Ellen Henry Joanne Cohen Morton A. Binder Abraham Kaplan James T. Hepinstall . Gertrude A. Cross Winstbn W. Bledsoe David Keiserman Virginia L. Crowthers Rev. Thomas Hoctor Marian G. Cairns Sylvia F. Kleinman Ann Dep Holderness Robert Dolsen Jess L. Cortese Haril Kosansky Mane D. Gnyton Jerome J. Jacobson Luther Gruenbaum Victoria Leollin Sidney-E. Jones Peggy Hinchey Sr. Donna Gunn Helen P. Lindsay David Hollister Robert Keane .. Jonn,Isbell Catherine Linsalata , Judith Hollisar Kevin Kelly Marjorie A. Jackson Margaret C. Mendoza Maurice C. Kelly Woodrow Hunter Jean Lconatti Rose MoN;itch J. Henry IrWin Vincent E. Landi Gladys Marriott Jacob David Perzley .Anthony Lechich Mary Klein Margaret Miller Amy R. Piro Kathryn S. Kumkoski Paul Leith Walter R. Miller . Bonitas E. Primas Rosario,Leon Lois Lamont Patricia A'. O'Toole Carmen Puigdollers Joseph Larosa Robert E. Link Stanley S. Peterson Ruth Reader Rev. Robert V. Lott Sr. Mary Martinen Floyd Richards William J. Ryan Laurie McCartney Muriel Lurie Bruce Allen Russell Anne B. SChneider Leora Magier Robert Murray Warren B. Scott Sandra E. Schneier Eleanor Olsen Neil McCluskey Leonard Wyrick Westphal Adrienne Sehwartz Joseph P. McGrath Julius F. Otten Peter M. Shields Jane Oyer Montana . Abraham Monk Constance G. Undy Bruce Muller John Eric Peteron Gary Addington Norman Van Houten Ann Pratt Robert F. O'Connell Dorothy E. Eck Rev. Robert Vitillo Sr. M. Juliana O'Hara Sandy Raminga Gerry E. Halstead Samuel Warrence Lydia Ortiz-Weiss Elaine Frost Reed Polly O. Nikolaisen Susie Waxwood g Jan Peters Mary 0. Ross Joseph Red Thunder .Carl F. West Herbert Pettengill Sr. Augusta Stratz Anna Pearl Sherrick Janice Tribble Mary Phillips

130 131 ., 4,

t Lourene Pierce ' Ohio bregbn . Patricia W. Savage Craig Polhemus Shirley E. Scott Robert Ashton Brad Bayliss George G. Reader Maxine T. Segal Jessie Z. Bartlett Warren Chung Carmen Rodriguez Vergie M. Shadd Sandra F. Berger Ruth 0. Currie Rosalie Rosenberger Ray L. Shive . Charles E. Blakeslee Donald B. Higgins James Rua Glenn L. Sitzman ; William R. Bogart Saddra Janzen Karsten Beatrice Rubenstein Roltert F. Smith George Brown Paul Limber Ricki Rubenstein "" Louisa C. Spindler Clara A. Clark William McCoy Ruperto Ruiz Alvin Richard Nies Wayne Stevenson Jack Russell Gerald N. Cohn Maxine D. Nightingale Walter L. Sunderlin Jayne Rycheck Alice R. Curtis Rev,..Peter H. Paulson Morton Ward ' Daniel Sambol Leona W. Farris Herman M. Wessel Elizabeth Flory Miller Ritchie Corey Sandler Mildred Wicks ) Alfonso D. Holman Loretta HawesSmith Shura Saul Rose Wright Charles E. Hopkins Valerie Sluszka Pennsylvania Lorey Zanotti Mary Houston Ellsworth G. Stanton, III Cora Johnson Anne Ahstien Puerto Rico John Sullivan Myrtle D. Axtell David Swing ler Eleanor M. Kahle Heriberto Colon - Helen E. Landry Sophia M. Balawejder Marie N. Tarver Harry E. Bell Blanca C. Cruz Lynn Tepper Emily Laster Juan M. Monserrante Pearl J. Laushell Mabel R. Blaney Gladys Therrien W. H. Fred Blank Jose Ramirez ' Anna Marie Thom John 0. Leitz Elena Rivera Elizabeth M. Liptak George Bloom Cedric Tilberg Gknnys March Louise D. Bream . Rhode Island Alfred G. Tolley c'I. Lloyd Brookmyer Hilda M. Van Slyke Frank R. McCaffrey John Taylor Frary William R. McFadden Orville R. Carver Shirky K. Kervicl Mary E. Verner Beulah F. Chandler Arnold Meckstroth Henri W. Lopes Raymond Vickers Yung-Ping Chen Mitchell M. Walk Bernard J. Mick Francis X. Snee Robert Miller , Margaret K. Conway Donald Spence Earl Webber William P. Coombs Beverly Westacott Lilliat1M. Montgomery Charles Swartz Albert A. Neideck Blanch Craig Sarah Wiener Theresa Trifari Georgia Allen Newsome Maureen M. Delo Clifford E. Wilson Ruth Earp American Samoa John Wren Paul Oblak Ken W. Palmer William E. Evans, Judith Yurman / . Tali Maae Ralph Perk Jared!. Falek . , North Carolina Jane M. Pohlman Martha A. renchak South Carolina Marian F. Sacco Jacquelyn Fisher Paul Beck Thomas E. Brown, Jr. Grace B. Saunders Joan K. Glickstein Ruth Fitch Boone Geurge M. Dick Vera Victoria Saunders Lillian Goldstein Marion Woods Boyd Elizabeth W. Ellis . Mildred M. Seltzer Julia Green K. Isabelle Buckley 'J. W. Lawrence , Jean J. Spung Patrick M. Greene Andrew W. Dobelstein StIzanne P. Lewis Helena A. Steele Julian Ledn Greifer Manie T, Geer Arthur H. McQueen Elvin W. Swander Aida Guardida J. Conrad Glass, Jr. Mrs. Willie Saleeby Marie A. Trout Ron Guss Oressa H. Hauser Arthut\M. Sandberg Joseph S. Voss Edward F. Haile 0 Joan Hight Hunter Rhoad Stokes Lois T. Wakefield J. Russell Hale Nell Hirschberg Samuel Thomas Waldrep Maerea Walker ' Diane E. Hoffman Bertha Merrill Holt Carrie C. Washington Elam G. Wiest Elizabeth D. Hollabaugh Margaret R, Keller Aileen S. Wood Rebecca Woodruff Sara Hunsberger Al A. Mendlovitz Frank Jakes South Dakota Beverly Smith Patnaik Oklahoma Julianne James Edna Howe Jane Reavis Purser Cecelia V. Blanchard R. Brandon James Helen Jones Sandra R. Ray Jean Kistler Arthur Maltheson Margaret Riddle Bernest Cain, Jr. . Alice S. Kountz Louween Schoenh aid Joan C. Rogers Marie C. Cox Betty L. Defriend Sr. Joan Kram Marjorie F. Sougstad JamesC. Romeis Edith B. Krohn Rev. Max E. Glenn Nina Kennedy Starr Mildred E. Kroupa Tennessee Dr. Elsie Hamm Jo hn Thomas Tanner / Margaret Lattimer ,--'Bland Wilson Cannon Ted W. Williams Lou Ketr Jackie Louthan A. S. Lawson Peggy K. Chaffin Mamie H. Lee Lena M. Craig North Dakota Don McCorkell CarOle A: Ling William B. Falls, Jr. Gladys M. Black Charlotte J. New ' Lu Patrick Ann Lose Diana K. Harris Lauren Haacke Rhoda Cates Hyder Donna Stahl Genevieve C. Murray Oscar H. Let . Ludell N. Kennedy Boyd G. Talley Patricia Nandpr Northern Mariana Islands Sandra S. Orlin- Wayne Lindecker .L. J. Vanhorn ,Hoshang D: Pavri D. Roger Ochse Ignacio M. Sabin, A. Kurt Weiss Raymond Pearlstine Robert D. Patton Edward Piszek Nancy C. Peace Edythe' M. Roth Arthur Robinson 132 131

.. Clarence B. Robinson Zoe Lawrence Dorothy H. Hall Wisconsin Gene Scandlyn Novella W. Lumbert Ruth B. Hudgins Bernice E. Barta George Tillman Stewart Lynn McGuirt James Harold Hughes Mimi Chernov Texas Dorothy McLean Zenia M. Knebd Margaret Dosch Mike McQueen Gina F. Lewis Shirley Ellis Frank Adamo Alejandro Moreno Richard W. Lindsay Edwin F. Ahrens Phillip M. Green Annie B. Nickkberry Eugene A. Lovelace Anita Hankwitz Claude I. Andrews Aurora S. Perez Mary Marshall Virginia Ann Atkinson Lori Kay Edwin E. Plowman Constance R. McAdam Margaret Lewis Richard E. Block Cheri Quincy Catherine0. Miller George A. Bray Joyce Lowry James T. Simpson John F. Newhard Donna McDowell Chet Brooks Ernestine Sisk Jay Niemczyk John Bruni R.L. McNeely Paul M. Smith Marilyn Carter Pace Tom Miklejohn Betty Button George Thompson John H. Parsons J. C. Cabantss Edward J. Olson David H. Turner . Edna King Paylor Isabelle Polacheck Marion T. Carson Ramiro A. Uribe Thelma R. Petrilak B. A. Cherney Herbert Rather John T. Weatherall Donald F. Reilly Charles F. Reott, Jr. Wilbur Cohen Roy E. Westerfield Donald W. Stone Patti Coleman Claudine Stohowiak Minnie R. Williams Joseph Michael Teefey ,Larry Thomas Sue F. Oraig, Margo Turnage Martha S. Creed Utah Mary Williams Washington Leo A. Dumas Val B. Jennings Louise Yaffe Seymour Eisenberg Alice J. Johnson Marjorie L. Downing Mildred Zinimermann William J Foran William G. Larson TVIma E. Fanning Wyoming Christina R. Frias Louise P.,Lintz Jean S. Fuller Gerald D. Bardo E. Marie Gilbert Robert K. Ward Marie George Mildred M. Gillitzer Janis Gray Ruth R. Yarbrough Alan Ham Fara R:Green Alex Guerra Arthur H. Hosick Matilda Hansen Ida Mae Hebert Verinont Ben E. Johnston,1. Paul E. Nottage Leslie C. John, Jr. Helen Chap Esther R. Karafin Jerome P. Teixeira Jack D. Knighton Geoffrey Gaddis Arnold Livingston Joseph Howrigan Sadie T. Long Allis Beaumont Reid William Ralph Moyer Phyllis Gjlobinson Elinor Nuxoll Holland L. Smith Richard D. Petersen Elizabeth Roberts Virgin Islands Joyce P. Scott Elaine Sprauve Raymond H. Scott Jane K. Smith Virginia Maibelle R. Streck Gregory W. Arling Evelyn P. Blackwood West Virginia Rita Kathleen Chow Elizabeth M. Cadden Wallace Clair Vincent V. Chaney Daniel Lee Dehass Lawrence Frankel Macon F. Fears Leon H. Qinsberg Pearl B. Fears Teri Ann Hazelbaker Susan Finn Stanley Shane Mayetta Lewis Ford Katherine B. Tierney

Or"

132. 133, 1 -

Appendix I INTERNATIONAL OBSERVERS

Au'stralia Cyprus Italy Saudi Arabia . S. NI. Gilmour Dr. Marios L. Evrtiviades Giovanni Ferrero Abdal-Mishin Al-Tamimi. Dr. Elizabeth Ozamme Czechoslovakia Jamaica Senegal Cliff J. Picton Dezider Hajnovic E. L. Miller' Dr. Ibrahime Cisse Dr. Derek Melville Prinsley Dr. Hana Hermanova Japan South Africa . Austria Dr. Stefan Neuschl Professor Kazutomo Imahori Dr, Howard Parkin Botha Dr. Tarek Shuman Denmark Kunio Mizuta Swedelf Bahamas Dr. Henning Friis Kenya Mari Anne Olson Lillian Greene Dr. David MacFadyen D. W. Kimani Christina Rogestam Brazil Dominican Republic Lesotho Alvar Sianborg Gastac Bandeira-De Mello Her Excellency Julia T., Her Excellency M. N. Tau Palo Campos Alvares Switzerland Dr. Eduarclo Alvarez Madagascar Dr. Roland Hofmann Burma Dr. Basile,Rakotovoa Dr. Tarul Pirnar Ohn Kyaw Ecuador Patricio Maldonado Mauritus United States CameroOn C. Jesseramsing -Dr. Robert N. Butler . Peter Asongwe Jaime Marchan Mexico, Professor Paul Fitzgerald Egypt Canada Jose de Jesus Luna-Gomez Ehud Ham - Mohamed Ghoneim Salem Mirelle Badour Dr. Joaquin Gonzalez Aragon Dr. Robert Hindley-Smith Lawrence Crawford England Pat Hord Netherlands Sister Constance E. Murphy, Dr. John Grimley Evans Richprd E. Johnson Dr. Card F. Hollander S.S. J.D. Dr. D. A. Rolt William Kerrigan Marijke A. Van Drunen Littel Jorge Litvak China France Fraficisco Lopez Dr. Guang-yu Zhou Marianne Faure Nigeria T. Oladega Dr. Prasop Ratanalcorn Columbia Alain Gillette Yoshika Someya Norway Cecilia Issacs German Democratic Republic Dr..Eva Beverfeldt Venezuela Costa Rica Dr. Udo J. Schmidt , - Dr. Vargas Salerno Pakistan Dr. Carlos Fredrico Denton Germany Johanna Koenig Rifat Nizami Panama Greece - Costa P. Caranicas Argentina Vial Republic of Sri Lanka Hungary Lt. Col. P.B.C. Dhapapala Dr. Edit Beregi Romania Iceland Dr. Ana Aslan Pall Sigurosson, M.D., D.P.H. Rwanda His Excellency Bopaventure Israel Ubalijoro , Dr. Yitzhak Brick' Dr. Arthur Michaet Davies

134 133 Appendix .1 (C) Supplemental Statements and Additional Views.Each 1981 WHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON AGING Committee Report shall include all Supplemental Statements an OFFICIAL RULES OF PROCEDVRE Additional Views of the Committee. To be included in the Committee Report, Supplemental Statements Must represent the Purluant to the authority i,ested in the Secretary of Health and views of not less than 20 percent of the members of the Human Services by section 203 of the White House Conference Committee, and Additional Views not less than 10 percent of on Aging act (Public Law 95-478), these Official Rules of the members of the Committee. Procedure are established: (d) Committee Chairman and Vice-President. Each RULE 1: PURPOSE OF THE CONFERENCE Committee shall have a Chairman and Vice-Chairmap, selected '(a) Statutory Purpose.Pursuant to statutory mandate, it by the Secretary of Health and Human ervices. The Chairman shall be the purpose of the Conference to determine facts and shall preside at all meetings of the Co mittee. The Vice- develop recommendations concerning the utilization of skills, Chairman, or, if unavailable, a delete assigned to the experience, and energies and the improvement of the conditions Committee designated by the Ch man, shall assume the duties of older Americans. of the Chair in the absence of e Chairman. It shall be the (b) Final Report of the Conference.Pursuant to statutory responsibility of the Chairman to assure that the Committee mandate, a final report of ihe Conference, which shall include a proceeds in an orderly fashion to complete development of the statement of a comprehensive coherent national policy on aging, Committee Report. The Chaigiliit shall have the authority to together with recommendations for the Implementation of the recess the Committee subjectigIlle call of the Chair. policy, shall be submitted to the President not later than 180 (e) Committee Staff Secretariat.Each Committee shall have days following the date on which the Conference is adjourned. a Staff Secretariat, consisting of a Staff Director, Assistant This final report shall be based upon: Director, Parliamentary Clerk, Sergeant-at-Arms, resource (I) Report; of Committees of the Conference, developed in experts, clerical staff, and other support personnel necessary to accordance with the provisions of Rule 2, and adopted by assist the Chairman and Committee. The Parliamentary Clerk Majority vote-of the members of each Committee after open will be the Chair's immediate resource as to rules and discussion and debate; procedures. The Clerk will read matters before the Committee, call the roll when required, and certify the actions of the (2) The vote of the plenary session of the Conference on the Committee.-The Clerk should not be a voting delegate. The acceptance of the Summary reports of the Committees, as Staff Secretariat shall be appointed by the Executive Director of provided in Rule 3; and 4 the Conference. (3) Personal judgments of all delegates and observers on all (f) Expert Presentations to Committee.The first order of recommendations contained in all Committee retiorts; business in each Committee shall be two presentations on the Supplemental Statements, and Additional Views, as provided in issues of jurisdiction of the Committee. These presentations Rule 4. shall be by recognized authorities in the subject areas. The , RULE 2: COMMITTEES OF THE CONFERENCE presentors shall be designated by the Executive Director of the (a) Establishment of Committees.The deliberations of the Conference. Conference will be conducted by 14 Committees, each with (g) Committee Agenda.Each Committee Chairman shall jurisdiction as follows! submit to the Committee a suggested agenda tb guide the Committee on Implications for the Economy of an Aging deliberations of the Committee. The agendas shall not be ' Population binding. Matters not included in the suggested agenda, but which are within the jurisdiction of the Committee, shall be Committee on Economic Well-Being in order for consideration by the Committee. Committee on Older Americans as a,Continuing Resource (h) Committee Dehberatiuns.When seeking recognition, Committee on Promotion and Maintenance of Wellness delegates will identify themselves and will not be recognize until their identification has been,acknowledged by the *Committee on Health Ca.re and Services Chairman..Proposals to include siatements and Committee on Options for Long-Term Care recommendations in the Committee Report may be made only by official delegates. Any recommendation or proposal, shall be Committee orj Family and Community Support Systems made in the form of a motion and must be submitted in writjng Committee on Housing.Alternatives to the Committee Staff Director and be.read by the Clerk, Committee on Conditions for Continuing Community before it will be in order for discussion. A delegate offering a Participation motion May be recognized for five minute,. A delegate speaking in opposition to a motion,may be recogniied for five minutes.. Cormpittee on Education and Traininrepportunities Other delegates may be recognized to speak for or against the Committee on Concerns of Older Women motion for two minutes. Extensions of time may be granted , oply by unanimous consent. Limitations on Aebate may be Committee op Private Sector Roles, Structures and agreed to, in which case the Chairman shall divide the time a Opportunities equally as possible between delegates speaking in, favOr of and Committee on Public Sector Roles and Structures delegates speaking in opposition to, the motion. Committee on ReSearch (i) ObserveriOfficial observers.may be Permitted to address a Committee, as time is available, subject to the same (b) Committee Reports to the Conference.Each Committee rules as debate applicable to Delegates. Ch man shall present to the Conference a concise report on the subjects within the Committee's jurisdiction.'Each (j) Voting in Committees.Only official delegates may vote Committee shall also submit to the Conference Chairman a full on motions before tke Committee. Should one-fifth of the written report. Each Commhtee Report shall include all delegates present object to a voice vote, the Chairman shall Supplemental Statements and Mditional Views. "''' direct a vot e. by division, by teller, by roll call, or by any other 134 135

i* means which will enable the Chairman to accurately ascertain tk.) Supplement to Rules. With respect to procedural matters the will of the Committee. not dealt with y these Official Rules, and to the extent tkiProcedural Matters.The will of the majority of the consistent with the Purposes and provisions of these Official Committee shall decide such procedural questions as motions to Rules, the Conference and its Committees shall be governed by dose or limit debate, matters of consideration, and the previous accepted parliamentary practice and 'Roberts Rules of Order. question. (d)Resolution of Questions.The Conference Chairmah shall (i) Germaneness Each Committee Ch3irman shall have the have the authority to resolve any procedural guestion or authority and responsibility to insure thatImotions presented to problemthich is not otherwise resolved duringihe Con erence. ,thetommittee are germane.to mauers within the subject matter (e) Promulgation of these Rules.These Offic jurisdiction of the Committee. Procedure are promulgated by the Secretary of al (m)Status of Committee Reports.In accordance with the Human Services pursuant to his statutory authority and precedents of previous White House Conferences on Aging and responsibility to direct the conduct of the Conference. These in recognition of the degree of expertise and extent of Rules are Intended to facilitate accomplishment by the Conference of its statutory purpose, and have been adopted 4thedeliberations within each Committee, the recommendations of Committees will be, consistent with thprovisions of Rule after due consideration of the recommendations of the National 1(b), the recommendations of the Confere ce. Advisory Committee, precedents established at previous Whit% House Conferences on Aging, and comments from many RULE 3: PLENARY SESSIONS interested parties. These are the final and definitive Official (a)Presiding Officer,The Chairman of the Conference shall Rules of Procedure of the 1981 White House Conference on preside over the plenary sessions of the Conference. In the Aging. absence of the Chairman, or otherwise at the discretion of the a Chairman, the Chairman may designate a temporary presiding Approved: November 27, 1980 officer from among the members of the National Advisory Richard S. Schweiker Committee. Secretary of Health (b)Summary Reports of Committees.Each Committee and Human Services Chairman, or a designee of the Chairman, shall present to the final Plenary Session a summary report, not to exceed ten minutes, on the recommendations of the Committee. The ' Appendix K summary report shall include a summary of any Supplemental CONFERENCE COMMITTEES LEADEIISHIP Statements and Additional Views of the Committee. Printed copies of these summary reports shall be made available to each COMMITTEE IIMPLICATIONS FOR THE ECONOMY OF delegate. AN AGING PgreLATION Chairman (c)Acceptance of Summary Reports. At the conclusion of Kenneth Austin, Des Moines, IA, Chairman and Chief Executive the prtsentation of all of the summar.y reports, the Chairman of Officer of the Equitable Life Insurance Company of Iowa; former the Conference shall put the question. "Shall the summary Director of American Association of Homes for the Aging reports be accepted?", which question shall be decided without further debate or amendmetit. Vice-Chairrhan Anna V. Brown, Cleveland, OH; Deputy Chairman, White House RULE 4: DELEGATES' JUDGMENT ON ALL Conference on Aging; Executive Director, Mayor's Commission RECOMMENDATIONS on Aging, Cleveland, Ohio; Board Member of National Center (a)Purpose.It isthe purpose of this Rule to provide the on Black Aged maximum feasible participation by each delegate in th6 development of Conference recommindatiore. Staff Director Ron Hdlfman, Senior Economist', United States Department (b)Procedure.,As soon as passible following the conclusion of Treasury of the Conference, the ExecutisEDirector shall provide each delegate and observer an opportunity to register the delegate's Recorder or observer's personal judgment with respect to every EstherjJrie, Williston, VT; Chairman, Coalition of Vermont recommendation included in all Committaikeports, Elder, ; active in Vermont Association Retired Teachers Supplemehtal Statements, and Additional a.)MMITTEE 2 ECONOMIC WELL BEING RULE 5: GENERAL PROVISIONS 44. (a)Credentials.Throughout the Conference, delegates ánd Chairman . - observers will wear their official identification badges at all Robert H. Steele, Norwich, CT, President of the Norwich Savings official functions and will occupy those seats provided especially Society, former Member ofCongress from Connecticut - for them. Any disputes regarding the credentials of any delegate Vice-Chairman or observer shall be decided by the Credentials Committee, Robert P. Bynum, Oneonta, AL; former Associate Commissioner appomted by the Chairman of the National Advisory Committee for Operationsand Deputy Commissioner of the Social Security from among the members of the National Advisory Committee. Administration (b)Schedule of Conference Plenary and Committee ." Staff Director Sessions,The Conference Plenary Sessions shall be held Anthony Pellechio, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Income Security Monday, November 30, from 9:00 a.m. to 11:D a.m., and Policy, Of fice of Assistant Secretary for Planning anii Evaluatirm, Thursday, December 3, from 9:00 a.m. to 11f3Oa.m. WS. Department of Heahh and Human Services Committee Sessions will be held Monday, November 30, from 2:15 p.m. to 5:00 p.m., Tuesday, December 1, from 9:00 a.m. Recorder 7 to 12:00 noon, and from 2.30 p.m. to 5.30 p.m., and Mary.Gardenhire, Chattanooga, TN; Member of Advisory Board Wednesday, December 2, From 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon, and of local nursing home, served as elected County Officerlor six from 2:15 p.m. to 5:00p.m. rears and was on staff of former Congressman Lanor Bake 135 136 COMMITTEE 3OLDER AMERICANS AS A CONTINUING Chief, Nebraska Genatnc Service, Douglas County Hospital, RESOURCE Fellow, American Geriatric Society and Gerontological Society Chairman Vice-Chairman James Baiog, Spnng Lake, NJ, Senior Executive Vice President of Malcolm 0. Scamahorn, M.D., Putsboro, IN, Chairmaryff the Drexel, Burnham and Lambert, Inc. American Medical Association's Committee on Aging and Vice-Chairman Long-Term Care; former President of the Indiana State Medical Consueio L. Garcia, Houston, TX; Deputy Chairman, White Association House Conference on Aging; owns and o2erates hospice for low- Staff Director income elderly , delegate to the 1961 Whin House Conference on Jo Ann Gasper, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Social Ser,zce Aging, Chairman, Mexh.an-Amencan Cultural Society , Houston, Policy, Office of Assistant Secretary for Planning and Ev aluation, TX U.S. Department of Health and HumairServices Staff Director 1 Recorder -45p Ed Snyder, Special Assistant to the Asmstant Secretary for John B. Martin, Washington, DC, Commissioner on Aging, 1969- Employment and Training, U.S. Department of Labor 1973, Director of the 1971 White House Conference on Aging Recorder Hubert Deal, Birmingham, AL; former Chairman, Jefferson COMMITTEE 7 FAMILY ANDCOMMUNITY SUPPORT County Association for Retired Persons; former Director, Elder SYSTEMS Garden;Birmingham, AL Chairman Adelaide Attard, Carle Place, NY; Commissioner of the Nassau COMMITTEE 4 PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE County Department of Senior Citizen Affairs, former President, OF WELLNESS New York State Association of Area Agenices on Aging Chairman Vice-Chairman Madge Myers, Kansas City, , MO, former Assistant Professor William G. Fisher, Pnor Lake, MN, National Commander of the of Dietetics and Nutntion ai Tufts Unlv ersity School of Medhane Veterans of World War I, Volunteer Gerontology Consultant and and the University of Kansas Medical Center past Committee Member of the President's Council =Aging Vice-haliman Staff Director

Virginia Boyack, Ph.D., Valencia, CA, Vice President for Life Connie Horner, Deputy Assistant Director, Office of Policy. Planning and Educandital Development, CaliforniaFederal and Planning,ACTION Savings and Loan Association; member of theWhiteHouse Recorder Conference on Aging National Advisory Committee; visiting Katherine Stahiman, Indiana, PA; retired faculty member, professor, Andrus Gerontology Center Summer Institute, University of Southern California University of Pennsylvania formerly with Meals on Wheels; former member of the Advisory Committee for Visiting Nurses Staff Director Associates HollyCaldwell, Special Assistant to the Assiitant Secretary for Plamung and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Human COMMITTEES HOUSING ALTERNATIVES Services-- Chairman Recorder Nicholas A. Panuzio, Fairfax, VA; President of Panuzio Ruppert Evans, Urbana, IL, Professor and Dean, Collage of Associates, former Connecticut State Legislator and Mayor of Education, University of Illinois Bridgeport, CT Vice:Chairman COMMITTEE 5 HEALTH CARE AND SERVICES James N. Broder, Esq., Washington, D.C. Senior Resident Chairman Partner of Thaxter:Liply, Stevens, Broder, and Micocau; William R. Hunt, M.D. McKeesport, PA, practicing p4sician, former Staff Director, House Republican Task Force on Aging, Commissioner of Allegheny County, PA member of theBoard of Directors, National B'nai B'rith Vice-Chairman HOusing Foundation

JeraldSchenken, M.D., Omaha, NE; Professor of Pathology, Staff Director , . University of Nebra.ska College of Medicine and Creighton Helen Holt, Special Advisor to the Deputy Under Secretary for University,5dtool of Medicine, consultant in laboratory medicine Inter-Governmental Relations, U.S. Department of Housing to the SurFin General of the U.S. Navy and Urban DeVelopment Staff Director .Recorder Larry Oday, , Special Asisistant to the Associate Administrator Erminie Nave, Greenwood, SC, formerly with South Carolina for Policy, Health Care Finance Administration, U.S. Department Vocational Rehabilitation, active in local community affairs of Health and Human Services COMMITTEE 9 CONDITIONS FOR CONTINUING Recorder *- COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION Shirley Adcock, East Point, GA;,Coordinator of Senior Center Programs and Nutrition, Atlanta Regional Commissionon Aging Chairman Martin Janis, Columbus, OH; Director of theOhio CoMmission COMMITTEE 6OPTIONS FOR LONG-TERM CARE on Aging, founder of filst State Mental Health Department and Golden Age Village Chairman Denham Harman, M.D.Omaha, NE; Professor of Biochemistry, Vice-Chairman Millard Professor of Medicine, and Chief, Division of Clinical Katie Dusenberry, Tucson, AZ, member, Board ofSupervisors, Gerontology, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Pima County, Arizona, President, National Association of

136 1 3 7. County Aging Programs; member, Transportation Steering committees, served on the President's Transition Task Force for Committee, National Assocation of Counties Neighborhood Policy , Staff Director COMMITTEE 13PUBLIC SECTOR ROLES AND RalphStanley, Special Assistant to the Secretary for Policy, U.S. STIHJCTURES Depariment of Transportation Chairman Recorder Doris Deaiaman, Somerville, NJ; County Commissioner, Board Jennie Bochar, Cleveland, OH; Project Director for Senior of Freeholders, Somerset County, NJ; Chairwoman of the ' Ethnic Fmd, Cleveland Department of Health and Human Services, Committee on Aging, National Association of Counties VISTA and CETA Program Vice Chairman COMMITTEE 10 EDUCATION AND TRXINING Constance St. Clair Solan, Rockville, MD; Research Associate, OPPORTUNITIES NAACP; Ford Foundation Fellow, 1975 - 78; former consultant, Wcrrid Bank Chairman Bernice Netigarten, Ph.D., Chicago, IL; lecturer and auth or in Staff Director the fields of agmgand human development, Professor of Human Robert Brown, Special Assistant to the Secretary, U S Development, Northwestern University; past President,' Department of Education Gerontological Society Recorder *We-Chairman Janet Goeske, Riverside, CA; Mayor's Commission on Aging; Gerald Felando, D.D.S., Sacramento, CA; Chairman of the Chairman of the Board for thiGovernor for 14 years; Volunteer Assembly Committee on Aging, State of California Ombudsman Program; Chairman, Foster Grandparents and 0Staff Director approximately 14 other organizations John Wu, Special Assistant to the Assistant Secret'aiy for Vocational and Adult Education, U.S. Department of Education COMMITTEE 14RESEARCH Recorder Chairman Julia Hamblet, Alexandria, VA, former Director, Regional Edward Young, Los Angeles, CA, Assistant Director, Center Liaison, Bureau of Student Financial Assistance, Department for Health ServiCes Research, University of Southern California Health, Education and Welfare. School of Medicine Vice-Chairman COMMITTEE 11 CONCERNS Or OLDER WOMEN Janice Caldwell, Ph.D., Silver Spring, MD; Executive Chairman Director, Gerontological Society of America; Commissioned Josephine Oblinger, Esq., Springfield, IL; Member of the Illinois Officer, U.S. Public Health Service House of Representatives; former Director of Illinois Department Staff Director of Aging Stephen Gibbens, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Vice-Chairman Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health and Mildred Aithouse, Omaha, NE; former teacher and vice Human Services principal; Coordinator of Reiding Aids in the Omaha Schools' Recorder Reading Clinics; member, Advisory Council for the Nebraska John Wald, Meadville, MS; Executive Director, Southwest Commission on Aging; member Council on Nutrition of the Mississippi Area Agency on Aging; formerly with Mississippi "East Nebraska Office on Aging; member, Black Caucus of Department of Youth Services Nebraska Staff Director , Appendix L Lesley Edmonds, Staff Assistant to the Secretary of Labor, -1981 ViHITE HOUSE CONFERENCE ON Assistant Secretary for Policy, Evaluation and Research,U.S. AGING STAFF Department of Labor Listed below are staff members employed by the Conference or Recorder loaned to it by othei agencies. As explainen in the organization Ester Hubbartt, Bloomfield, IA; member, Iowa Commission and staffing section of Volume II, Chapter 1, the number of on Aging; has served on and chaired numerous advisory councils individuals employed by or loaned to the Conference fluctuated depending on the workload during the different phases or the COMMITTEE12 PRIVATE SECTOR ROLES AND process. OPPORTUNITIES Principal officials are listed first. All other names are presented Chairman, in alphabetical order. George Davy, Elkhart, IN; Executive Vice President, Miles Principal Officials Evaluation, OS, DHI4S Laboratories, Inc./ and Executive Director, Jerome R. Waidie WHCoA Vke:Chairman Executive Director Malcolm MacKillop, Esq., San Francisco, CA; Senior Vice Jarold A. Kieffer, Ph.D. President for Corporate Relations, Pacific Gas amplectric Co. David A. Rust Staff Director & Executive Director Staff Director Acting Executive Director Richard D. English, Deputy Assistant Director for Office of Betty H. Brake Gerald J. Bennett Policy and Planning, ACTION Executive Director Staff Director Recorder Stephen F. Gibbens Leon Harper Lois McManus, Greensboro, NC; former President, National Principal Deputy Assistant Associate Executive Director Msociation of Meals Program; former staff on Congressional Secretary for Planning and

3 7 Jean C. Bergaust Alice B. Ctunberland Jean C. Monroe Experts/Consultants to Director, Office of Special Mary Daniels Gene Moyer Technical Committee Events Mary K. Daughton Robert Mullen Zelma Davickon Robert Agranoff Richard Davis Bernie Nash Susan DeCarlo Vern Bengtson Director, Office of Delegate Christopher Y Nathan Patncia Drury Merton C. Bernsteirr Services Sandra Y. Nathan Yung-Ping Chen Paul E. Dwyer, Jr.' David W. Nelson ' Robert A. Clark Claire Dorrell John W."Eakle Nancy T. Nelson Con ference Spokesperson Thomas C. Cook, Jr. Harrison F. Finley M. Frances Newruan Charles Culhane .Mary S. Harper, Ph.D., R.N. Carol Fitzsimmons Joyce N. O'Briant Burton Dunlap Elizabeth Flynn Larry Oday Director, Office of Conference . Howard C. Eglit Gregory A. Foster John J. Pavoni, Jr. COnunittee Support Sidney Epstein Ceil Frank Anthony J. Pellechio Hiram Friedsam Jo tianis Richard T. Fraser Mary I. Pendell Donald E. Gelfand Director, Office o f Geraldine B. Gale Victorina Peralta Operations Joyce Haber gosann Garber Karen W. Peterkin Robert Havighurst Lesheii. King Billie P. Garde Matiel D. Poders Carolyn Hoppe Directdr, Office of the Jo Ann Gasper JOyce G. Poulsen Robert L. Kane ConferenceCoordinator Jessie Gertman Laurel Rabin Marjorie Kantor Christeena L. Gilbert Alvin Rabushka Gluta Levine Paul Kim James D. Golden Gerald A. Reed Barry Liebowitz Director, Office of Public Gordon P. Goodfellow, Ph.D.Linda Wilson Reed Affairs Dorothea H. Lobsenz James E. Graham John R. Reeves Wendy L. Loucks William S. Stetson, Jr. Michelle A. Greco Barbara E. Resnick Charles H. Mindel/ Director, Office of Public George Greenberg, Ph.D. Lowana R. Richardson Mary B. Minden. Affairs Karen Gubitosi Grace C. Riddell Mary Minkler Thomas A. Gustafson, Ph.D. Yana Robinson James R. Wehling . k Bruce Munro Glenn Hackbarth, J.D. Eric H. Rosenberger Adrienne Ostfeld Director, Office of Jeffrey G. Hagedorn Vivian Royal Administrative Services Peter L. Petrakis Sharon Hambley James W. Rumph James Pickman Ronald J. Wylie ' Barbra C. Hickey' Donnan B. Runkel Sara Rix Director, Office of Douglas Hill Judith S.I,Salgado Stephanie M. Ross Project Development Vernoy E. Hite Frank Sammartino, Ph.D. Mildred M. Seltzer Ron Hoffman David M. Sawyer Anne R. Somers Professional and Elizabeth H. Holliman Daniel Schulder / Marta Sotomayor Support Staff Juanita P. Horton, Ph.D. DaCid Schwartz Morton Yarmon William H. Hudson Roberta Sharp Carole B. Allan Constance G. Zich Louise A. Hutchinson Marty Sicker Marin P. Allen Arthur Jackson Carolyn Skinner Lee Lawrence Ansberry Kathleen.H. Jamieson Susan C. Slatkin Roberto Anson Marlene L. Johnson Nancy T. Smith Kathleen A. Backley Keith B. Judge Betty M. Stagg Pauline Barnes Charles Kearney Bruce Steinwald Vivianne L.Baskins Cynthia A. Kenny Florence H. Stover William C. Bender Eleanor Kingsley Doris.P. Summey Adrienne Berry Evelyn Kitchin aeonice Tavani Christopher Bladen Bruce Klein Ruthie E. Taylor Mary B. Bloomberg Edna S.-Knight Yvette W. Tindel Matthew-I. Boland Alfred A. Larsen Beverly Y. Tiptoh Terri L. Borgus EdmOnd J. LeBreton Clari M. Tomasch Valerie Braddy David C. Lindeman Theodore L. Totman Antoinette C. Bragg Virginia B. Linsky George Wakiji Stephanie L. Braime Marlyn Lipfert Rebecca F. Washington Lillian B. Braxton Mary E. Little Dale Wing Mildred S. Brittpn Michelle Little Anne Woodward Sharon L. Brown Laura E. Logan Brennan D. Wray Joan G. Buchanan Weltha J. Logan Dina M. Zenovich Mildred L. Burch Lenora E.,Maddox Holly Caldwell Jeremiah Maloney Edward A. Campbell Ed Marcus Linda C. Campion Virginia M. Mayer Mary O. Clampitt Kimberly A. McCoy-O'Donnell WilmaClaypool Caroline A. McGee Kimberly A. Collins Shirley F. McIntosh Lynne W. Coughlin Anita C. Molntyre Daniel Cow,ell, M.D. Joel J. Menges 7 Donald FCrawford, Ph.D. Phyllis R. Miller, Ph.D. e"- Marlene J. Crossland Arnita Mongiovi 138 1 3 9 4 ler

17.Hudson, Robert B. 1978. "Political and budgetary Consequences of an Aging Population." In The REFEkENCES Economics of Aging, edited by Julienne Pineau Hubbard, pp. 44-50. A National Journal Issues Book. Washington, D.C.: The Governmental Research Corporation. p. 44. 18.Binstock, Robert H. 1978. "Federal Policy Toward the Aging-Its Inadequacies and Its Politics." In The Economics of Aging, edited by Julienne Pineau Hgbbairc, pp. 57-64. A National Journal Issues Book. Washington, D.C.: The Governmental Research Corporation. p. 58. 19.Califano, Joseph A., Jr., op. cit., p. 31. 20,U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. 1978, op., cit. pp. 44-46. 21.Brody, Stanley J. 19'79. "The Thirty-to-One Paradox: I.Vinyard, Dale. 1979. "White House Conferences and the Health Needs and Medical Solutions." In Aging,: Agenda for the Eighties, edited by Julienne Pineau Aged." Social Service Review, (December 1979) 655-671. Hubbard, pp. 17-20. A National Journal Issues Book. See p. 668. Washington, D.C.: The Governmental Research 2.White House Conferences as Agents of Social Change. Corporation. See p. 18. 1979. Symeosium findings; prepared by Wilma T. Binstock, Robert H. 19'79. "A Policy Agenda for Aging Donahue. Washington, D.C.: International Center for 22. for the Eighties.'"In Aging: Agenda /or the Eighties, Social Gerontology, Inc. See pp. 2-8. edited by Julienne Pineau Hubbard, pp. 4-10. A 3.Ibid. Nationa/ Journal Issues Book. Washington, D.C,: The 4.Toward a National Policy on Aing, Vol. 1. 1973. U.S. Governmental Research Corporation..p. 10. Department of Health, Educa on, and Welfare: Office of A U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. op. cit., Human Development Servi Publication No. 74- pp. 113ff. 20911. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing 24.Neugarten, Bernice L. 19'79. "Policy for the 1980s: Age or Office. Need Entitlement," In Aging: Agenda/or the Eighties, 5.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. 1978. Part I, edited by Julienne Pineau Hubbard. pp. 48-52. A Developments in Aging: 1978. Washington, D.C.: U.S. National Journal Issues Book. Washington, D.C.: The Government Printing Office. Governmental Research Corporation. p. 52. 6.Califano, Joseph A., Jr..1978. "U.S. Policy for the 25.Binstock, Robert H. op. cit, p. 60. Aging-A Commitment to Ourselves." In The Brody:Stanley J., op. cit., p. 20. Economics of Aging, edited by Julienne Pinenu 26. Hubbard, pp. 27-33. A National Journal Issues Book. 27.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging, op. cit., Washington, D.C.: The Governmental Research pp. 111. CorporatiOn. 28.Hudson, Robert B., op. cit., p. U.S. Senate Special Committee tin Aging. 1980. Part I, 7. 29.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. 1980, op. Developments in Aging: 1980. Washington, D.C.: U.S. cit. preface. Government Printing Office. See Preface. 30.Ibid. pp. 92-84, 119. 8,Ibid. 31.The Conference Board,"op. cit., ro. 10. 9."Why Many Keep On the Job as Long as Possible." U.S. News & World Report, September 1, 1980, 32.Binstock, Robert H., op. cit., p. 9.' pp. 55-56, 58. 33.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging., op. cit., 10:Samuelson, Robert J. 1978. "The Elderly: Who Will ,p. 123. Support Them? In The Economics of Aging, edited by 34.Allan, Carole B. 1979. "The Older Consumer: The Time is Julienne Pineau Hubbard, pp. 6-11. A National Journal Now." In Aging: Agenda for the Eighties, edited by , IssuesBook. Washington, D.C.: The Governmental Julienne Pineau Hubbard, pp. 35-40. A National Research Corporation. See p. 10. Journal Issues book. Washington, D.C.: The 11.Ibid. pp. 9. Governmental Research Corporation.'p. 39. 12.Califano, Joseph A. Jr., op. cit., p. 31. 35.Special Report on Aging. 1980. Washington, D.C.: Public Health Service (NIH Publication 80-2135), p. 1. 13.The Conference Board. 1980: America1 Aging Population: Issues Facing Business and Society. New 36.Kahana, Boaz: Eva Kahana; and Asuman Kiyqk. 1979, Yor15: The Conference Board, Inc. (Report No. 785). p. 4 "Perceptions of the Aged: Changes Are Taking Place." In Aging: Agenda for the Eighties, edited by Julienne 14.Ibid. p. 23. Pineau Hubbard, pp. 41-47. A Natinal Journal Issues 15."Why Many Keep on the Job as Long as Possible," Book. Washington, D.C.: The Governmental Research op. cit., p. 58. Corporation. p. 46. . 16.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. Op. cit p.39. 37.Neugarten, Bernice"-, op. cit., p. 48. 14u 139 I

38.Neugarten, Bernice L., op. cit., p. 52. 39. "Why Many Keep on the Job as Long as Possible," op. cit., p. 56. 40-:' Ibid. 41. The Conference Board, op. cit., p. 14. 42,Clark, Matt, & Mariana Gpsnell "The Graying of America." hr Newsweek, February 28, 1977, pp. . 50-65, see p. 52. 43.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging, op. cit., pp. 184-185, 204-205. 44.Kahana et1., op. cit., p. 42. ; 45.Brody, Stanley J., op. cit., p. 15. 46.Church, Frank. Introduction of Senate Joint Resolution 48 in U.S. Senate on May 3, 1977. In Congressional Record. Washington, D.C. , 47.U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging. 1971. Part I. Developments in Aging: 1977. Washington, D.C.: U.S. _Government Printing Office. See p. 248. 48.U.S. Senate Spedal Committee on Aging, 1978, op."cit., p. 198. 49.Shick, Allen. 1977, "Beyond Analysis." In Public Administration Review, May/June 1977, pp. 258-263. 50.Gold, Byron; Elizabeth Kutza, and Theodore R. - Marmore. 1976. "United States Social Policy on Old Age: Present Patterns and Predictions.': In Social Policy, Social Ethics, and the Aging Society, edited by Bernice Neugarten and Robert Hauighurst, pp. 9-21. Committee on Human Development; University of Chicago. .. 51.Bibstock, Robert H., 90. cit., p. 5, 10.'

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