Inside the Plumber's Toolbox

36100 Plumber IG 8/22/07 2:23 PM Page 1 Tools of the Trade Inside the Plumber’s Toolbox I n s t r u c t o r ’s Guide 36100 Plumber IG 8/22/07 2:23 PM Page 2 Introduction This Teacher’s Guide provides information to help you get the most out of Inside the Plumber’s Toolbox, part of the Tools of the Trade series. The contents of this guide will allow you to prepare your students before they use the program, assist them as they navigate through the program, and present follow-up activities to rein- force the program’s key learning points. Tools of the Trade is a 6-part series of programs that present inventories of the most common and most basic tools used in specific trades. Each program opens the trade’s “toolbox” so students can delve into its basic tools and materials, including their purpose and proper usage. Students will view brief demonstrations of rudimentary tasks with the tools, and gain an understanding of safety precautions, code concerns, and industry tips, if applicable. Inside the Plumber’s Toolbox is a 32-minute video targeted to students (vocational students, in particular) in grades 9-12. Its content is appropriate to such curriculum areas as Technology Education, Trade, and Industrial Education. The information presented in the Tools of the Trade series could also be presented in vocational/technical schools or “Do it Yourself” adult education courses. The Tools of the Trade series consists of the following titles: • Inside the Plumber’s Toolbox • Inside the Carpenter’s Toolbox • Inside the Mason’s Toolbox • Inside the Welder’s Toolbox • Inside the Automotive Mechanic’s Toolbox • Inside the Electrician’s Toolbox Learning Objectives After watching this program, students will be able to: • Identify and understand the differences between each basic plumbing tool and material. • Explain the benefits of each tool and the types of plumbing jobs for which it should be used. • Demonstrate the proper use of each tool. • Understand the different types of piping (copper, plastic, cast iron, and galvanized). • Recognize proper plumbing safety precautions (e.g., checking state and local codes before starting any project, locating shutoff valves, wearing safety equipment, etc.). Educational Standards This program correlates with the following standards: • The competency standards for Core Curriculum and Carpentry from the National Center for Construction Education & Research; • The National Apprenticeship Standards for Plumbing and Steamfitting-Pipefitting, developed by the National Joint Plumbing Apprenticeship and Journeyman Training Committee and the National Joint Steamfitter-Pipefitter Apprenticeship Committee, together with the Department of Labor; • The standards of Essential Knowledge and Skills for Trade and Industrial Education—Construction- Maintenance Systems, High School, for the State of Texas • The standards of Technology Education—Tools, Resources, and Technological Processes, for the State of New York 2 Copyright © 2007 Shopware® 36100 Plumber IG 8/22/07 2:23 PM Page 3 • Standard 2.0 Career Cluster: Architecture and Construction Careers in designing, planning, managing, building and maintaining the built environment. (Competency Standards for Core Curriculum and Carpentry from the National Center for Construction Education & Research.) • The student knows the employability characteristics of a successful worker in the modern workplace, and demonstrates ability to identify employment opportunities, including entrepreneurship, and preparation requirements for the piping trades and plumbing. (Texas State Standards on Piping Trades and Plumbing: Essential Knowledge and Skills for Trade and Industrial Education—Construction-Maintenance Systems, High School.) • The student knows the function and application of the tools, equipment, technologies, and materials used in piping trades and plumbing. The student can safely use hand and power tools and equipment commonly employed in piping trades and plumbing; properly handle and dispose of humanly and/or environmentally hazardous materials used in piping trades and plumbing; and demonstrate knowledge of new and emerg- ing technologies that may affect piping trades and plumbing. (Texas State Standards on Piping Trades and Plumbing: Essential Knowledge and Skills for Trade and Industrial Education—Construction-Maintenance Systems, High School.) • The student applies the concepts and skills of the trade to simulated and actual work situations. The student can: fabricate, assemble, install, and maintain metallic and nonmetallic pipe and piping systems; install and maintain pneumatic and hydraulic controls and piping; and apply the essential knowledge and skills in piping trades and plumbing to work-based learning experiences including, but not limited to, cooperative education, job shadowing, mentoring, and apprenticeship training. (Texas State Standards on Piping Trades and Plumbing: Essential Knowledge and Skills for Trade and Industrial Education— Construction-Maintenance Systems, High School.) • The student applies technological knowledge and skills to design, construct, use, and evaluate products and systems to satisfy human and environmental needs; uses a variety of materials and energy sources to construct things; understands the importance of safety and ease of use in selecting tools and resources for a specific purpose; and develops basic skills in the use of hand tools. (New York State Standards on Technology Education: Tools, Resources, and Technological Processes.) ASME Plumbing Standards • A112.4.2: 2003 Water Closet Personal Hygiene Devices • A112.4.3: R2004 - Plastic Fittings for Connecting Water Closets to the Sanitary Drainage System • A112.18.1: 2005 - Plumbing Fixture Fittings • A112.18.2: 2005 - Plumbing Waste Fittings • A112.3.4: R2004 - Macerating Toilet Systems and Related Components • A112.19.6: 1995 - Hydraulic Requirements for Water Closets, Urinals Program Summary Given the wide range of trades in the world today, the Tools of the Trade series is a welcome addition to the Shopware brand. Its overview and demonstration of the basic tools used in each trade help lay the founda- tion of understanding for the trades, and pique student interest in developing “do it yourself” practical knowledge that can also lead to plumbing as a possible career choice. The first title in the series, Inside the Plumber’s Toolbox, presents the common tools of the industry—from the most basic, such as the plunger and pipe wrench, to the mandatory items such as pliers, wrenches, cut- 3 36100 Plumber IG 8/22/07 2:23 PM Page 4 ting and joining tools, washers, and pipe cements. It also shows specialty tools used for each type of pipe. The program introduces the tools in the context of the plumbing system to ensure that the correct tools are used for the different types of pipes. Main Topics Topic 1: Introduction The program’s host, Alan Pratt, introduces viewers to a plumbing system and its two main systems— the fresh potable water supply system and the drainage-waste-vent (DWV) system. Topic 2: Types of Pipes The viewer is familiarized with a full range of pipe materials. Both water supply and wastewater pipes are discussed, as well as pipe fittings. Topic 3: Inside the Plumber’s Toolbox In this section, after a brief review of key safety precautions for plumbing tools, the plumber’s toolbox is opened to reveal the tools and materials for safety and cleanliness, measurements, leaky faucets, clogs, grasping/loosening/tightening, and cutting pipes and tubing. Topic 4: Copper Tools and Materials The proper techniques for safely cutting and sweating a copper pipe, and joining copper pipe with a compres- sion fitting, are demonstrated. Topic 5: Plastic Tools and Materials The viewer learns how to measure, cut, clean, align and test, and glue ABS and PVC pipe. Topic 6: Cast Iron Tools and Materials In this section, cast iron specialty tools and materials are highlighted during the process of fitting a no-hub cast iron pipe. Topic 7: Wrap-Up Alan offers some closing remarks on the program and on how to learn more about kickstarting a career in plumbing. Fast Facts • The earliest plumbing fixtures—including flush toilets—date back nearly 6,000 years to ancient India, Egypt, and Crete. Pipes were usually made of clay or copper. Later, the Romans used lead pipes in their public baths to provide fresh water and drainage. Wooden pipes made from hollowed-out logs were used during the colonial era in Boston. • Lead pipes were installed until the 1920s and lead solder was used until the 1980s. Due to the toxicity of lead, nearly all modern manufactured plumbing products and materials are lead-free. • Cast iron was the material of choice through the 1960s because it was durable, easily cut and joined, and resisted corrosion; but it fell out of favor because it could also break easily, was a very heavy material to work with, and hard to install. As a result, cast iron pipe is less likely to be stocked at a local hardware store or home center. 4 36100 Plumber IG 8/22/07 2:23 PM Page 5 • There are two types of cast iron—hub (also called bell-and-spigot or hub-and-spigot) and no-hub—both of which refer to type of fittings used with the pipe. No-hub cast iron is now the industry standard, and is used when making repairs to hub cast iron. • Rigid copper comes in various color-coded classes, or thicknesses. Green "Type K" is the heaviest and thickest, and is used to connect the water meter to the water main. Blue "Type L" is standard and medi- um-thick. It is used for underground piping and water lines. Red "Type M" is lightest and thinnest. It is used for inside piping, mostly for hydronic heating lines. And yellow “Type DWV” is used for above-ground DWV piping only. • Although PVC and ABS can be mechanically joined, codes do not allow the two types to be glued directly together at any time. • A sink plunger has a flat rim designed to fit over a sink or shower opening to form a seal, while a toilet plunger has an interior flange designed to fit into the bottom of a toilet bowl to form a seal.

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