The Nature of Prehistory
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OBSIDIAN: an INTERDISCIPLINARY Bffiliography
OBSIDIAN: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BffiLIOGRAPHY Craig E. Skinner Kim J. Tremaine International Association for Obsidian Studies Occasional Paper No. 1 1993 \ \ Obsidian: An Interdisciplinary Bibliography by Craig E. Skinner Kim J. Tremaine • 1993 by Craig Skinner and Kim Tremaine International Association for Obsidian Studies Department of Anthropology San Jose State University San Jose, CA 95192-0113 International Association for Obsidian Studies Occasional Paper No. 1 1993 Magmas cooled to freezing temperature and crystallized to a solid have to lose heat of crystallization. A glass, since it never crystallizes to form a solid, never changes phase and never has to lose heat of crystallization. Obsidian, supercooled below the crystallization point, remained a liquid. Glasses form when some physical property of a lava restricts ion mobility enough to prevent them from binding together into an ordered crystalline pattern. Aa the viscosity ofthe lava increases, fewer particles arrive at positions of order until no particle arrangement occurs before solidification. In a glaas, the ions must remain randomly arranged; therefore, a magma forming a glass must be extremely viscous yet fluid enough to reach the surface. 1he modem rational explanation for obsidian petrogenesis (Bakken, 1977:88) Some people called a time at the flat named Tok'. They were going to hunt deer. They set snares on the runway at Blood Gap. Adder bad real obsidian. The others made their arrows out of just anything. They did not know about obsidian. When deer were caught in snares, Adder shot and ran as fast as he could to the deer, pulled out the obsidian and hid it in his quiver. -
Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site Foundation Document
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Overview Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site Colorado Contact Information For more information about the Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site Foundation Document, contact: [email protected] or (719) 438-5916 or write to: Superintendent, Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site, 910 Wansted, POB 249, Eads, CO 81036-0249 Purpose Significance Significance statements express why Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site resources and values are important enough to merit national park unit designation. Statements of significance describe why an area is important within a global, national, regional, and systemwide context. These statements are linked to the purpose of the park unit, and are supported by data, research, and consensus. Significance statements describe the distinctive nature of the park and inform management decisions, focusing efforts on preserving and protecting the most important resources and values of the park unit. • The site of the Sand Creek Massacre has sacred significance © Dan Esarey to the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes, particularly those tribal members who are descended from victims and survivors of the massacre. The purpose of SAND CREEK MAssACRE • The site is a reminder of the tragic extremes of the 500 years of conflict between American Indians and European NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE is to protect and Americans over land that now comprises the United States. preserve the landscape of the massacre site and interpret the associated • The intense distrust resulting from the Sand Creek cultural values to enhance public Massacre influenced virtually all subsequent conflicts understanding of the massacre and between American Indians and the U.S. -
Colorado History Chronology
Colorado History Chronology 13,000 B.C. Big game hunters may have occupied area later known as Colorado. Evidence shows that they were here by at least 9200 B.C. A.D. 1 to 1299 A.D. Advent of great Prehistoric Cliff Dwelling Civilization in the Mesa Verde region. 1276 to 1299 A.D. A great drought and/or pressure from nomadic tribes forced the Cliff Dwellers to abandon their Mesa Verde homes. 1500 A.D. Ute Indians inhabit mountain areas of southern Rocky Mountains making these Native Americans the oldest continuous residents of Colorado. 1541 A.D. Coronado, famed Spanish explorer, may have crossed the southeastern corner of present Colorado on his return march to Mexico after vain hunt for the golden Seven Cities of Cibola. 1682 A.D. Explorer La Salle appropriates for France all of the area now known as Colorado east of the Rocky Mountains. 1765 A.D. Juan Maria Rivera leads Spanish expedition into San Juan and Sangre de Cristo Mountains in search of gold and silver. 1776 A.D. Friars Escalante and Dominguez seeking route from Santa Fe to California missions, traverse what is now western Colorado as far north as the White River in Rio Blanco County. 1803 A.D. Through the Louisiana Purchase, signed by President Thomas Jefferson, the United States acquires a vast area which included what is now most of eastern Colorado. While the United States lays claim to this vast territory, Native Americans have resided here for hundreds of years. 1806 A.D. Lieutenant Zebulon M. Pike and small party of U.S. -
Multidecadal Climate Variability and the Florescence of Fremont Societies in 2 Eastern Utah
ARTICLE 1 Multidecadal Climate Variability and the Florescence of Fremont Societies in 2 Eastern Utah 3 Judson Byrd Finley , Erick Robinson, R. Justin DeRose, and Elizabeth Hora 4 Fremont societies of the Uinta Basin incorporated domesticates into a foraging lifeway over a 1,000-year period from AD 300 to 5 AD 1300. Fremont research provides a unique opportunity to critically examine the social and ecological processes behind the 6 adoption and abandonment of domesticates by hunter-gatherers. We develop and integrate a 2,115-year precipitation recon- 7 struction with a Bayesian chronological model for the growth of Fremont societies in the Cub Creek reach of Dinosaur National 8 Monument. Comparison of the archaeological chronology with the precipitation record suggests that the florescence of Fremont 9 societies was an adaptation to multidecadal precipitation variability with an approximately 30-plus-year periodicity over most, 10 but not all, of the last 2,115 years. Fremont societies adopted domesticates to enhance their resilience to periodic droughts. We 11 propose that reduced precipitation variability from AD 750 to AD 1050, superimposed over consistent mean precipitation avail- 12 ability, was the tipping point that increased maize production, initiated agricultural intensification, and resulted in increased 13 population and development of pithouse communities. Our study develops a multidecadal/multigenerational model within 14 which to evaluate the strategies underwriting the adoption of domesticates by foragers, the formation of Fremont communities, 15 and the inherent vulnerabilities to resource intensification that implicate the eventual dissolution of those communities. 16 Keywords: Fremont, Uinta Basin, Bayesian modeling, precipitation reconstruction 17 Las sociedades de Fremont de la cuenca de Uinta incorporaron a los domesticados en una forma de vida de alimentación dur- 18 ante un período de 1,000 años desde 300–1300 dC. -
Tribal Perspectives on the Hohokam
Bulletin of Old Pueblo Archaeology Center Tucson, Arizona December 2009 Number 60 Michael Hampshire’s artist rendition of Pueblo Grande platform mound (right); post-excavation view of compound area northwest of Pueblo Grande platform mound (above) TRIBAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE HOHOKAM Donald Bahr, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus, Arizona State University The archaeologists’ name for the principal pre-European culture of southern Arizona is Hohokam, a word they adopted from the O’odham (formerly Pima-Papago). I am not sure which archaeologist first used that word. It seems that the first documented but unpublished use is from 1874 or 1875 (Haury 1976:5). In any case, since around then archaeologists have used their methods to define and explain the origin, development, geographic extent, and end of the Hohokam culture. This article is not about the archaeologists’ Hohokam, but about the stories and explanations of past peoples as told by the three Native American tribes who either grew from or replaced the archaeologists’ Hohokam on former Hohokam land. These are the O’odham, of course, but also the Maricopa and Yavapai. The Maricopa during European times (since about 1550) lived on lands previously occupied by the Hohokam and Patayan archaeological cultures, and the Yavapai lived on lands of the older Hohokam, Patayan, Hakataya, Salado, and Western Anasazi cultures – to use all of the names that have been used, sometimes overlappingly, for previous cultures of the region. The Stories The O’odham word huhugkam means “something that is used up or finished.” The word consists of the verb huhug, which means “to be used up or finished,” and the suffix “-kam,” which means “something that is this way.” Huhug is generally, and perhaps only, used as an intransitive, not a transitive, verb. -
Luis V. Rey & Gondwana Studios
EXHIBITION BY LUIS V. REY & GONDWANA STUDIOS HORNS, SPIKES, QUILLS AND FEATHERS. THE SECRET IS IN THE SKIN! Not long ago, our knowledge of dinosaurs was based almost completely on the assumptions we made from their internal body structure. Bones and possible muscle and tendon attachments were what scientists used mostly for reconstructing their anatomy. The rest, including the colours, were left to the imagination… and needless to say the skins were lizard-like and the colours grey, green and brown prevailed. We are breaking the mould with this Dinosaur runners, massive horned faces and Revolution! tank-like monsters had to live with and defend themselves against the teeth and claws of the Thanks to a vast web of new research, that this Feathery Menace... a menace that sometimes time emphasises also skin and ornaments, we reached gigantic proportions in the shape of are now able to get a glimpse of the true, bizarre Tyrannosaurus… or in the shape of outlandish, and complex nature of the evolution of the massive ornithomimids with gigantic claws Dinosauria. like the newly re-discovered Deinocheirus, reconstructed here for the first time in full. We have always known that the Dinosauria was subdivided in two main groups, according All of them are well represented and mostly to their pelvic structure: Saurischia spectacularly mounted in this exhibition. The and Ornithischia. But they had many things exhibits are backed with close-to-life-sized in common, including structures made of a murals of all the protagonist species, fully special family of fibrous proteins called keratin fleshed and feathered and restored in living and that covered their skin in the form of spikes, breathing colours. -
La Junta, Colorado Contents
33rd Annual Meeting of The Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists March 24—27, 2011 Otero Junior College La Junta, Colorado Contents Acknowledgements..................................................................................2 General.Information.................................................................................4 Summary.Schedule..................................................................................5 Banquet.Speaker......................................................................................6 Picket.Wire.Canyonlands.Field.Trip........................................................7 Annual.Business.Meeting.Agenda...........................................................8 Presentation.Schedule............................................................................10 Symposium.Abstracts............................................................................14 Paper.and.Poster.Abstracts.....................................................................15 Ward.F..Weakly.Memorial.Fund............................................................35 Ward.F..Weakly.Memorial.Fund.Awardees............................................36 Native.American.Scholarship.and.Awardees.........................................38 CCPA.Fellows........................................................................................39 2010-2011.Executive.Committee...........................................................40 Past.CCPA.Meeting.Locations...............................................................41 -
An Ankylosaurid Dinosaur from Mongolia with in Situ Armour and Keratinous Scale Impressions
An ankylosaurid dinosaur from Mongolia with in situ armour and keratinous scale impressions VICTORIA M. ARBOUR, NICOLAI L. LECH−HERNES, TOM E. GULDBERG, JØRN H. HURUM, and PHILIP J. CURRIE Arbour, V.M., Lech−Hernes, N.L., Guldberg, T.E., Hurum, J.H., and Currie P.J. 2013. An ankylosaurid dinosaur from Mongolia with in situ armour and keratinous scale impressions. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 58 (1): 55–64. A Mongolian ankylosaurid specimen identified as Tarchia gigantea is an articulated skeleton including dorsal ribs, the sacrum, a nearly complete caudal series, and in situ osteoderms. The tail is the longest complete tail of any known ankylosaurid. Remarkably, the specimen is also the first Mongolian ankylosaurid that preserves impressions of the keratinous scales overlying the bony osteoderms. This specimen provides new information on the shape, texture, and ar− rangement of osteoderms. Large flat, keeled osteoderms are found over the pelvis, and osteoderms along the tail include large keeled osteoderms, elongate osteoderms lacking distinct apices, and medium−sized, oval osteoderms. The specimen differs in some respects from other Tarchia gigantea specimens, including the morphology of the neural spines of the tail club handle and several of the largest osteoderms. Key words: Dinosauria, Ankylosauria, Ankylosauridae, Tarchia, Saichania, Late Cretaceous, Mongolia. Victoria M. Arbour [[email protected]] and Philip J. Currie [[email protected]], Department of Biological Sciences, CW 405 Biological Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E9; Nicolai L. Lech−Hernes [nicolai.lech−[email protected]], Bayerngas Norge, Postboks 73, N−0216 Oslo, Norway; Tom E. Guldberg [[email protected]], Fossekleiva 9, N−3075 Berger, Norway; Jørn H. -
A New Record of Domesticated Little Barley (Hordeum Pusillum Nutt.) in Colorado: Travel, Trade, Or Independent Domestication
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title A New Record of Domesticated Little Barley (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) in Colorado: Travel, Trade, or Independent Domestication Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1v84t8z1 Journal KIVA, 83(4) ISSN 0023-1940 Authors Graham, AF Adams, KR Smith, SJ et al. Publication Date 2017-10-02 DOI 10.1080/00231940.2017.1376261 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California KIVA Journal of Southwestern Anthropology and History ISSN: 0023-1940 (Print) 2051-6177 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ykiv20 A New Record of Domesticated Little Barley (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) in Colorado: Travel, Trade, or Independent Domestication Anna F. Graham, Karen R. Adams, Susan J. Smith & Terence M. Murphy To cite this article: Anna F. Graham, Karen R. Adams, Susan J. Smith & Terence M. Murphy (2017): A New Record of Domesticated Little Barley (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) in Colorado: Travel, Trade, or Independent Domestication, KIVA, DOI: 10.1080/00231940.2017.1376261 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00231940.2017.1376261 View supplementary material Published online: 12 Oct 2017. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ykiv20 Download by: [184.99.134.102] Date: 12 October 2017, At: 06:14 kiva, 2017, 1–29 A New Record of Domesticated Little Barley (Hordeum pusillum Nutt.) in Colorado: Travel, Trade, or Independent Domestication Anna F. Graham1, Karen R. Adams2, Susan J. Smith3, and Terence M. -
Assessing Relationships Between Human Adaptive Responses and Ecology Via Eco-Cultural Niche Modeling William E
Assessing relationships between human adaptive responses and ecology via eco-cultural niche modeling William E. Banks To cite this version: William E. Banks. Assessing relationships between human adaptive responses and ecology via eco- cultural niche modeling. Archaeology and Prehistory. Universite Bordeaux 1, 2013. hal-01840898 HAL Id: hal-01840898 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01840898 Submitted on 11 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Thèse d'Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches Université de Bordeaux 1 William E. BANKS UMR 5199 PACEA – De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Assessing Relationships between Human Adaptive Responses and Ecology via Eco-Cultural Niche Modeling Soutenue le 14 novembre 2013 devant un jury composé de: Michel CRUCIFIX, Chargé de Cours à l'Université catholique de Louvain, Belgique Francesco D'ERRICO, Directeur de Recherche au CRNS, Talence Jacques JAUBERT, Professeur à l'Université de Bordeaux 1, Talence Rémy PETIT, Directeur de Recherche à l'INRA, Cestas Pierre SEPULCHRE, Chargé de Recherche au CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette Jean-Denis VIGNE, Directeur de Recherche au CNRS, Paris Table of Contents Summary of Past Research Introduction .................................................................................................................. -
Grinding Stone Reuse 1983
The Effects of Grinding Stone Reuse on the Archaeological Record in the Eastern Great Basin Author(s): STEVEN R. SIMMS Source: Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, Vol. 5, No. 1/2 (Summer and Winter 1983), pp. 98-102 Published by: Malki Museum, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27825137 Accessed: 30-11-2015 18:41 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Malki Museum, Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 129.123.24.42 on Mon, 30 Nov 2015 18:41:26 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Vol. 5, Nos. 1 and 2, pp. 98-102 (1983). The Effects of Grinding Stone on Reuse the Archaeological Record in the Eastern Great Basin STEVEN R. SIMMS are aware thatmany hunter-gatherer societies where the transpor ARCHAEOLOGISTSfactors change archaeological sites after tation of material culture is a limiting factor. they have been initially deposited. One kind Reuse can include the use of grinding stones of post-depositional phenomena that could from nearby, older sites or the caching of change the material record is the scavenging previously used grinding stones. -
Low-Water Native Plants for Colorado Gardens: Prairie and Plains
Low-Water Native Plants for Colorado Gardens: Prairie and Plains Published by the Colorado Native Plant Society 1 Prairie and Plains Region Denver Botanic Gardens, Chatfield Photo by Irene Shonle Introduction This range map is approximate. Please be familiar with your area to know which This is one in a series of regional native planting guides that are a booklet is most appropriate for your landscape. collaboration of the Colorado Native Plant Society, CSU Extension, Front Range Wild Ones, the High Plains Environmental Center, Butterfly The Colorado native plant gardening guides cover these 5 regions: Pavilion and the Denver Botanic Gardens. Plains/Prairie Front Range/Foothills Many people have an interest in landscaping with native plants, Southeastern Colorado and the purpose of this booklet is to help people make the most Mountains above 7,500 feet successful choices. We have divided the state into 5 different regions Lower Elevation Western Slope that reflect different growing conditions and life zones. These are: the plains/prairie, Southeastern Colorado, the Front Range/foothills, the This publication was written by the Colorado Native Plant Society Gardening mountains above 7,500’, and lower elevation Western Slope. Find the Guide Committee: Committee Chair, Irene Shonle, Director, CSU Extension, area that most closely resembles your proposed garden site for the Gilpin County; Nick Daniel, Horticulturist, Denver Botanic Gardens; Deryn best gardening recommendations. Davidson, Horticulture Agent, CSU Extension, Boulder County; Susan Crick, Front Range Chapter, Wild Ones; Jim Tolstrup, Executive Director, High Plains Why Native? Environmental Center (HPEC); Jan Loechell Turner, Colorado Native Plant There are many benefits to using Colorado native plants for home Society (CoNPS); Amy Yarger, Director of Horticulture, Butterfly Pavilion.