A Quarterly Publication of Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA

International Bai‘at at the hands of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his helper) at 2008 Jalsa Sālāna, U.K.

2013 Q1/Q2 Vol. 24 No. 1-2

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 1 About Al-Naḥl

The Al-Naḥl (pronounced annahl) is published United States whose addresses are available in the quarterly by Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, an auxiliary of the address database kept by Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA. If you Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, Inc., USA, 15000 Good are a Nāṣir living in the United States and are not Hope Road, Silver Spring, MD 20905, USA. receiving the magazine, please provide your current Articles/Essays for the Al-Naḥl address at www.ansarusa.org/tajnid-update. Literary contributions, articles, essays, photographs, Other interested readers, institutions, or libraries in the etc., for publication in the Al-Naḥl can be sent to the United States or outside the United States can request a editor at his email or mailing address below. Textual subscription from the editor by sending their mailing contributions can be provided in plain text, Microsoft addresses to the editor by mail or email. Word, or Microsoft Publisher. Change of Address References should include as much of the following If you are a member of Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, and you information as available: the name of the publication, move or have an address change, please provide your volume and number, name of the author, the date and current address at www.ansarusa.org/tajnid-update for place of publication, the name of the publisher, and the uninterrupted delivery of Majlis’ publications. page number(s). Advertisements Please keep a copy of your submissions. We may not be Advertisements are subject to the approval by Ṣadr able to return originals unless an arrangement is made Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA. Contact the editor to place an beforehand. advertisement. All items are subject to review and approval by Majlis Comments and Suggestions Anṣārullāh, USA. Send your comments on the current issue and Articles may be edited as necessary. Authors need to suggestions to improve the magazine to the editor by mail contact the editor if they want to see the final version of or email. their articles before publication. Contact Information Anṣār Literature Contribution Editor, Rafi Malik, 1535 Gage Street, Columbus, OH The Al-Naḥl is funded by Anṣār contributions for 43240, cell: 614-999-5607, literature set at $10/Nāṣir/year. All Anṣār are requested email: [email protected]. to pay their contributions punctually to ensure the timely Disclaimer publication of the magazine. Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, does not necessarily agree with Subscription Information the views of the writers expressed in its publications. The magazine is sent free of charge to all Anṣār in the

System of Transliteration

In transliterating Arabic words, the following system, adopted by the Royal Asiatic Society, is followed.

at the beginning of the word, pronounced as a, i, u ṭ, strongly articulated palatal t. preceded by a very slight aspiration, like h in English word ‘honor.’ th, pronounced like th in English word ‘thing.’ ẓ, strongly articulated z.

ḥ, a guttural aspirate, stronger than h. ‘, a strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear. kh, pronounced like the Scotch ch in ‘loch.’ gh, a sound approached very nearly in the r ‘grasseye’ in French, and in the German r. It requires the muscles of the throat to be in the gargling position whilst pronouncing it. dh, pronounced like the English th in ‘that.’ q, a deep guttural k sound.

ṣ, strongly articulated s. ’, a sort of catch in the voice.

ḍ, similar to the English th in ‘this.’

Page 2 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 And thy Lord has inspired the bee, saying, ‘Make thou houses in the hills and in the trees and in the trellises which they build, ‘Then eat of every kind of fruit, and then pursue submissively the paths prescribed by your Lord.’ There comes forth from their bellies a drink of varying hues. Therein is a cure for men. Surely, in that is a Sign for a people who reflect. (The Holy Qur’ān, 16 [Al-Naḥl]:69-70)

 Quarterly In This Issue Al-Naḥl  Vol. 24, No. 1-2 2013 Q1/Q2  About Al-Naḥl….……………………………...…………….….... 2 Editor Rafi Malik Khilāfat Centenary Essays……………………………….….... 5  The Institution of Khilāfat……………………………….….... 6 Dr Wajeeh Bajwa The Need of Khilāfat Today, Its Blessings, and Ṣadr, Majlis Anṣārullāh, How They are Manifested Through Taḥrīkāt of USA Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat………………………………….………… 38  The Institution of Khilāfat—An Umbrella for Al-Naḥl is a Publication Humanity………………………………………………………….. 45 of Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, Khilāfat and Its Blessings……………………………………. 63 An Auxiliary of the Khilāfat—A Divine Blessing………………………...………. 70 Aḥmadiyya Movement in The Institution of Khilāfat—A Historical Islām, Inc., USA Perspective………………………………………………….…….. 74  About Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA……….………………….…. 79

Razzāq and Farīda Approaching the West A story for children written by Dr. Maulānā Mubasher Ahmad Yusef A. Lateef with colorful Khilāfat—Terrorism—Response to drawings. $1.50. “Obsession”—Sin—Prophets—Suffering— Signs—The Hour. $5.

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 3 Readers’ Comments

“Last week I received the brilliantly assembled Al-Naḥl 2012 Year in Review edition. It was a great issue. Very carefully compiled. This must have taken weeks and months worth of work. May Allāh bless you and all those who worked to assemble such a historic issue. I will save it to show my grandchildren Inshā’allāh. Kindly convey khaksaar’s sincere sentiments to the relevant brothers. What a memento!”

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Page 4 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Khilāfat Centenary Essays

The U.S. Jamā‘at held a nationwide essay‐writing competition in Fall 2007 to commemorate the centennial jubilee of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. The essays that received the first place in the categories of Anṣār, Khuddām, Aṭfāl, Lajnah, Nāṣirāt, and Wāqifīn-i-Nau are being included in this issue. The 2nd and 3rd place essays may be included in future issues of the Al -Naḥl. The essays are included with no changes or modifications and without verification of references used in the essays. Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA does not necessarily agree with the views or opinions of writers of these essays. Prizes were awarded for first three places for each category overall and for each auxiliary. The topic of the essay was “The Institution of Khilāfat.” The deadline to submit the essay was December 31, 2007. All winners of the first, second, and third place essays were awarded certificates signed by Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his helper) at Annual Convention of USA Jamā‘at in 2008 along with a copy of the Holy Qur’ān. All participants were awarded “Certificate of Participation” in this historical event.

Guidelines provided for writing essays included the following.

• Members may submit essay as individuals or with co-authors from the same auxiliary. • Category I: The essay shall consist of a minimum of 30,000 words and a maximum of 60,000 words and must be submitted in English. • Category II: The essay shall consist of a minimum of 5,000 words and a maximum of 20,000 words and must be submitted in English. • The following are sub‐headings given only to guide the competitors. However, essays by no means should be limited to these topics:

1. Definition, importance, and types of Khilāfat 2. Institution of Khilāfat according to the Holy Qur’ān and Aḥādīth 3. Institution of Khilāfat according to Muslim scholars 4. Importance of the station of Khilāfat 5. The great objectives of Khilāfat 6. Institution of Khilāfat is a part of religion 7. Responsibilities of Khilāfat and the great system of discharging them 8. The establishment of Tauḥīd (unity of Allāh) through Khilāfat 9. Khilāfat as a means of spiritual elevation 10. Khilāfat as a means of unity of Nations 11. Sayings of the Promised Messiah and his Khulafā’ (plural of Khalīfah) about Khilāfat 12. Blessings of Khilāfat 13. Brief account of Khilāfat-i-Rāshida 14. History of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat and a brief life sketch of each Khalīfah 15. Taḥrīkāt (plural of Taḥrīk) of Aḥmadiyya Khulafā’ (schemes initiated by Aḥmadiyya Khulafā’) 16. Great achievements of Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya during Khilāfat 17. Establishment of Khilāfat and our responsibilities

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 5 The Institution of Khilāfat Faheem Ahmed Tauyyab, Washington D.C. (1st Place Essay in Anṣār Category —Khilāfat Centenary Essay-writing Competition)

Abstract peace be on him) as the Promised Imām: The Arabic word “Imām” Messiah and Mahdī. The Community means a leader. Allāh told Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām was established by the Promised Isti‘ārah: Acquisition of a spiritual Aḥmad, the Promised Messiah (may Messiah (may peace be on him), and is status by way of symbolism. peace be on him), a very new meaning now under the leadership of his fifth Jamā‘at: The Arabic word of Adam and Khilāfat through His Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor “Jamā‘at” means a community. In this revelations. These meanings are key to Ahmad (may Allāh be his helper). The book the word “Jamā‘at” specifically understanding the story of Adam and Community is also known as refers to the Aḥmadiyya Muslim His Khilāfat on the earth. After Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at. Jamā‘at. understanding the meanings, this Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i- Kalimah: Creed of Islāmic faith, lā story does not remain just a story, but Islām: A group of Aḥmadī Muslims ilāha illallāhu Muḥammadur becomes a reality of life, which who, during the time of the Promised rasūlullah, meaning: “There is none encompasses the whole life of every Messiah (may peace be on him), worthy of worship except Allāh; human and with those meanings every accepted all the claims of the Muḥammad is the Messenger of verse of the Holy Qur’ān, where Promised Messiah (may peace be on Allāh.” Khilāfat of Adam is mentioned him) including that of being an Khalīfah: Caliph is derived from produces a new meaning and a new Ummatī Nabī—a Prophet subordinate the Arabic word “Khalīfah” which demand from all of us. This basically to the Holy Prophet (may peace and means successor. In Islāmic motivated me to write this essay. To blessings of Allāh be on him) and terminology, the word righteous the Promised Messiah (may peace be within his Ummah. They also took a “Khalīfah” is applied to one of the four on him), Allāh gave repeated pledge of allegiance at the hands of Khulafā’ who continued the mission of revelations about creation of Adam the first Khalīfah of the Promised Ḥaḍrat Muḥammad (may peace and and a Khalīfah. In all these Messiah (may peace be on him), blessings of Allāh be on him), the Holy revelations, the Promised Messiah Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn Prophet of Islām. Aḥmadī Muslims (may peace be on him) said that when (may Allāh be pleased with him), but refer to a successor of the Promised God says that I am creating an Adam did not accept the Khulafā’ who Messiah (may peace be on him) as as Khalīfah, He really refers to me as followed him. Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Khalīfatul Masīḥ. Khulafā’ is the Adam and me as His Khalīfah. Then Ishā‘at-i-Islām is also known as plural of Khalīfah. he generalized the concept of creation Lahorī Group of the Aḥmadiyya Khalīfatul Masīḥ I: Ḥaḍrat al-Ḥāj of Adam as appointing a person from Muslim Community, and Ahl-i- Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn (may Allāh Allāh, who guides mankind toward Paighām. be pleased with him), the first Allāh. If with these meanings, we Amīr: Leader. successor to the Promised Messiah review the verses of the Holy Qur’ān, Bai‘at: Pledge of allegiance. (may peace be on him). where creation of Adam and Khilāfat Dajjāl: The noun form of Khalīfatul Masīḥ II: Ḥaḍrat Mirzā is mentioned, there is great guidance Dajjāliyyat. Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad, (may for all of us, especially for Aḥmadīs, Dajjāliyyat: Antichrist. Allāh be pleased with him). He is also who are celebrating Khilāfat Ḥadīth: A Saying of the Holy called Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (the Promised centenary. May Allāh grant us the true Prophet (may peace and blessings of Reformer) because he was born in understanding of Khilāfat, Āmīn. Allāh be on him). The plural is 1886 in accordance with the prophecy “Aḥādīth.” of the Promised Messiah (may peace Glossary of Important Terms Ḥaḍrat: A term of respect used for be on him) regarding the birth of a a person of established righteousness righteous son who would be endowed For the benefit of our readers, and piety. with special abilities, attributes, and some important Islāmic terms are Holy Prophet (may peace and powers. His entire life is a testimony explained below. blessings of Allāh be on him): A term to the fulfillment of the prophecy. used exclusively for Ḥaḍrat Khātaman-Nabiyyīn: Seal of the Allāh: Allāh is the personal name Muḥammad, the Founder of Islām Prophets, a title bestowed upon the of God in Islām. To show proper (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Holy Prophet (may peace and reverence to Him, the Muslims often on him). blessings of Allāh be on him) in the add “Ta‘ālā,” “the Most High,” when Holy Qur’ān: The Book sent by Holy Qur’ān. The noun form of the saying His holy name. Allāh for the guidance of humanity. It concept is called Khatme Nubuwwat. Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamā‘at: The was revealed to the Holy Prophet (may Khilāfat: The institution of Community of Muslims who have peace and blessings of Allāh be on successor ship in Islām. accepted all the claims of Ḥaḍrat him), over a period of twenty-three Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat: Khilāfat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad of Qādiān (may years. established in the Aḥmadiyya Muslim

Page 6 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Jamā‘at after the demise of the Introduction to the Subject Maryam: Promised Messiah (may peace be on him). The subject of Khilāfat is very vast “Thus, they left behind them Kufr: Disbelief. and it is very difficult to address all such successors, who forgot Majāz: Acquisition of a spiritual the issues of Khilāfat in one essay. The their Prayers and followed [but] status by way of reflection. concept of Khilāfat starts with the their own lusts; and these will, Mahdī: The literal translation of creation of Adam and encircles the in time, meet with utter this word is “the guided one.” This is whole life span of mankind. In this disillusion.” (The Holy Qur’ān, the title given by the Holy Prophet essay, we will first explain the 19 [Al-Maryam]:60) (may peace and blessings of Allāh be meanings of Khilāfat as used in on him) to the awaited Reformer of different Arabic references. Then we The word Khilāfat is an Urdu Latter Days. will explain the profound meanings of language derived word, which means Muḥaddith: A Ḥadīth narrator/ Khilāfat as Almighty Allāh explained the thing or entity which is left scholar. to Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad, the behind. In Arabic terminology and in Mujaddid: Reformer. Promised Messiah (may peace be on the Holy Qur’ān the words Khalīfah, Mulham: Recipient of Allāh’s him), through His revelation. We will Khulafā’ are also used in reference of revelation. try to interpret different references of Khilāfat. Nabī: Nabī means a Prophet. See Khilāfat described in the Holy Qur’ān also Ummatī Nabī and Ẓillī Nabī. using these profound meanings. 1.2 Different Meanings of Khalīfah as Nubuwwat: Prophet hood. Since the essay is written in Described in the Holy Qur’ān Promised Messiah: The Founder reference to centenary of Aḥmadiyya of the Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamā‘at, Khilāfat, we will include the following The word Khalīfah is used in a Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad of topics in the essay. very broad sense in the Holy Qur’ān Qādiān (may peace be on him). He and in Aḥādīth of the Holy Prophet claimed that he had been sent by Allāh • Types of Khilāfat (may peace and blessings of Allāh be in accordance with the prophecies of • Attributes of Khilāfat on him). Here we describe some of the Holy Prophet (may peace and • Prediction of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat these references. blessings of Allāh be on him) about in the Holy Qur’ān the coming of a Mahdī and Messiah • Prediction of Khilāfat Aḥmadiyya 1.2.1 Adam as Khalīfah from among the Muslims. in Aḥādīth Qiblah: The House of God in • Description of Aḥmadiyya The Holy Qur’ān has used this Mecca towards which Muslims face Khilāfat in the Promised word in reference to the creation of while offering Prayers. Messiah’s (may peace be on him) Adam and refers Adam as His Rasūl: Messenger [of God]. The writings Khalīfah. As in Sūrah Al Baqarah, noun form is Risālat, indicating Allāh Ta‘ālā says: • Prophecies of the Holy Qur’ān, the Messenger ship. Holy Prophet of Islām (may peace Ṣadr Anjuman Aḥmadiyya: An “And when thy Lord said to the and blessings of Allāh be on him), institution established by the angels, ‘I am about to place a and the Promised Messiah (may Promised Messiah (may peace be on vicegerent [or Khalīfah] in the peace be on him) which fulfilled him) to run administrative matters of earth,’ they said ‘Wilt Thou during Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat the Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamā‘at. place therein such as will cause • Blessings of Khilāfat Shari‘ah (Shari‘at): Religious law. • disorder in it, and shed blood? Ummah: Followers. Magnificence of Khilāfat-i- —and we glorify Thee with Thy Ummatī Nabī: Ummatī means one Rāshida praise and extol Thy holiness,’ • who follows the Holy Prophet (may Magnificence of Khilāfat-i- He answered, ‘I know what you peace and blessings of Allāh be on Aḥmadiyya know not.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 him). The term Ummatī Nabī means a • Mission accomplished by different [Al-Baqarah]:31) follower Prophet, within the Khulafā’-i-Aḥmadiyyat dispensation of the Holy Prophet (may • Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II’s (may We will explore the profound peace and blessings of Allāh be on Allāh be pleased with him) meaning of Adam as explained by the him) and subservient to him in every steadfastness for Khilāfat Promised Messiah (may peace be on way. • Views of the Aḥmadiyya Anjuman him) later in our essay, but at this Ẓillī Nabī: Ẓill means a reflection. Ishā‘at-i-Islām point we just take Adam as the first The title of Ẓillī Nabī, given to the • Conclusion human being on earth like many Promised Messiah (may peace be on commentators thought. him), means that he reflected the 1.1 What is Khilāfat? Prophethood of the Holy Prophet 1.2.2 Prophet of Allāh as Khalīfah (may peace and blessings of Allāh be The root of the word Khilāfat is on him) and had no independent the Arabic verb Kha-la-fa, which Then Allāh Ta‘ālā, in the Holy status. means to leave something behind as Qur’ān, has repeatedly used the word the Holy Qur’ān says in Sūrah Al- Khalīfah to refer to the Prophets of

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 7 their times. In the following verse, “But if you choose to turn away, Qur’ān, 38 [Ṣād]:27) Prophet David is referred to as then [know that] I have Khalīfah. As in Sūrah Ṣād, Allāh says: delivered to you the message Then in Sūrah Banī Isrā’īl, Allāh with which I was sent unto you, Ta‘ālā mentions David as Prophet of “[And We said:] ‘O David! and [that] my Sustainer may Allāh, as He says: Behold, We have made thee a cause another people to take [Prophet and, thus, Our] your place, whereas you shall in “Seeing that thy Sustainer is vicegerent on earth; judge, no wise harm Him. Verily, my fully aware of [what is in the then, between men with justice, Sustainer watches over all minds of] all beings that are in and do not follow vain desire, things!” (The Holy Qur’ān, 11 the heavens and on earth. But, lest it lead thee astray from the [Hūd]:58) indeed, We did endow some of path of God.’ Verily, for those the Prophets more highly than who go astray from the path of In this verse, the word Khalīfah is others, just as We bestowed God there is suffering severe in used to refer to a nation or a group of upon David a book of divine store for having forgotten the people. This clearly shows the use of wisdom [in token of Our Day of Reckoning.” (The Holy the word Khalīfah for common people. grace].” (The Holy Qur’ān, 17 Qur’ān, 38 [Ṣād]:27) Similarly, the very first reference of [Banī Isrā’īl]:56) Sūrah Al Baqarah we used, in that 1.2.3 Rulers as Khalīfah verse Allāh used the word Khalīfah for After quoting these two verses of Adam. the Holy Qur’ān, I think there is no The Holy Qur’ān also used word further need of giving any additional of Khalīfah for rulers or people who 1.3 Types of Khilāfat proof to strengthen the claim that take control of state affairs when a Prophets are also labeled as Khulafā’. ruler dies. We quote the following two Now, we know that the word verses from the Holy Qur’ān as proof Khalīfah is used in a wide sense, the 1.3.2 Khilāfat ‘Ala Minhājun- of this. question does arise, which type of Nubuwwat Khilāfat is sacred. The answer is “They said: ‘We have had simple; the type of Khilāfat which can The Second Type of Khilāfat or (nothing but) trouble, both provide a link between man and his Khilāfat ‘Ala Minhājun-Nubuwwat— before and after thou came to creator should be sacred. All other the second type of Khilāfat is the us.’ He said: ‘It may be that types, if someone calls himself as Khilāfat which starts when a Prophet your Lord will destroy your Khalīfah is meaningless. There are two of God passes away and a enemy and make you inheritors types of Khilāfat in that sense as representative of the Prophet is in the earth; that so He may try described by the Holy Qur’ān, our chosen who leads the believers to you by your deeds.’” (The Holy Holy Prophet (may peace and carry on the mission of the Prophet. Qur’ān, 7 [Al-A‘rāf]:130) blessings of Allāh be on him), the This type of Khilāfat is also described Promised Messiah (may peace be on in the Holy Qur’ān. Ḥaḍrat Moses In this verse Allāh Ta‘ālā refers to, him), and his Khulafā’. (may peace be on him) had twelve as Khalīfah, a group of people. Please Imāms or Khulafā’ after him, who note that the verse starts with word 1.3.1 Khilāfat of a Khalīfatullāh carried out his mission. The Holy “we” which is plural. Qur’ān says: All the Prophets of Allāh, who are “And thy Sustainer alone is self- appointed by God Himself as His “And [remember] when Moses sufficient, limitless in His grace. representatives are called prayed for water for his people If He so wills, He may put an Khalīfatullāh. There are many verses and We replied, ‘Strike the rock end to you and thereafter cause in the Holy Qur’ān describing with thy staff!’—whereupon whom He wants to succeed Prophets of Allāh as Khalīfah on the twelve fountains emerged out you—even as He has brought earth. As in Sūrah Ṣād, Allāh says: from it, so that all the people you into being out of other knew whence to drink. [And people’s seed.” (The Holy “[And We said:] ‘O David! Moses said:] ‘Eat and drink the Qur’ān, 6 [Al-An‘ām]:134) Behold, We have made thee a sustenance provided by God, [Prophet and, thus, Our] and do not act wickedly on Again in this verse, a group of vicegerent on earth; judge, earth by spreading people is referred to as Khalīfah, then, between men with justice, corruption.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, whom Allāh Ta‘ālā says He will give and do not follow vain desire, 2 [Al-Baqarah]:61) power. lest it lead thee astray from the path of God.’ verily, for those Explaining the meanings of twelve 1.2.4 Man on the Earth as Khalīfah who go astray from the path of fountains, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV God there is suffering severe in (may Allāh shower His mercy on him), A common man or human being is store for having forgotten the said that this refers to twelve Imāms also Khalīfah on earth: Day of Reckoning.” (The Holy that followed Ḥaḍrat Moses (may

Page 8 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 peace be on him) who revived his Prophet (may peace and blessings of countries, but they just had only labels mission before Ḥaḍrat ‘Īsā (may peace Allāh be on him), too, stricken with of Islām. None of these could protect be on him) came. This is similar to the grief, became like those who lose their Islām from attacks. There was no twelve Mujadadīn, who came in the senses. Then Allāh raised Ḥaḍrat Abū defense against the attacks on Islām Ummah of Ḥaḍrat Muḥammad Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased from other religions. Many Muslims Muṣṭafā (may peace and blessings of with him) and showed for the second left Islām and accepted Christianity. Allāh be on him) in every century—to time the manifestation of His Power There was absolutely no central revive the religion—before Ḥaḍrat and saved Islām, just when it was guidance for Muslims. If some local Masīḥ Mau‘ūd (may peace be on him) about to fall, and fulfilled the promise leader thought that they should do came for a complete and …” (Al-Waṣiyyat, Rūḥānī Khazā’in, Jihād then he started his own Jihād comprehensive revival of Islām. vol. 20, p. 304) and in most cases, many people Ḥaḍrat Masīḥ Mau‘ūd (may peace needlessly lost their lives. Muslim be on him) wrote: “God’s Word 1.4 What is the Purpose of Khilāfat? Ummah remained in same chaotic informs me that many calamities will situation like they are nowadays in occur and many disasters will descend God’s revelation which came to Afghanistan and Iraq. Some people on the earth—some during my lifetime the Promised Messiah (may peace be like Ṭālibān claim they are doing and some after I have gone…Thus He on him) also explains the purpose of Jihād, while other Muslim call them manifests two kinds of Powers. (1) Khilāfat. The revelation says: terrorists. This is because no one in First He shows the Hand of His Power Muslim Ummah is guiding them at the hands of His Prophets “O Adam, you and your spouse toward the true Shari‘at. This is the themselves. (2) Second when with the live in paradise. All your job which only a Khalīfah can do. This death of a Prophet, difficulties and companions are like your is why the only Jamā‘at of Muslims in problems arise and the enemy feels spouse. They all will be saved. the world, which makes unanimous stronger and thinks that things are in This is of the mercy of thy Lord decision is Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at. If disarray and is convinced that now so that it should be a sign for their Khalīfah says, it is time for this Jamā‘at will become extinct and the believers. I determined to Jihād, no one can think of otherwise even members of the Jamā‘at, too, are establish a vicegerent and so I and they get ready to sacrifice their in quandary and their backs are created Adam that he might lives and if the Khalīfah says, no Jihād broken, and some of the unfortunate establish the law and revive the is allowed, no one will think that Jihād ones choose paths that lead to faith. The champion of Allāh in is needed. Similarly, on any other apostasy, then it is that God for the the mantle of the issue, it is the Khalīfah of the time, second time shows His Mighty Power Prophets.” (Arba‘īn, No 3, pp. who makes the decision; all members and supports and takes care of the 23-29) just look for his advice on all religious shaken Jamā‘at. Thus one who matters. remains steadfast till the end Hence the purpose of creating witnesses this miracle of God. This is Khalīfah is to revive the religion and 1.5 Profound Meaning of Adam and what happened at the time of Ḥaḍrat enforce the Shari‘at or the book of Khilāfat as Explained by the Promised Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be God. Without a Prophet or his Messiah (may peace be on him) pleased with him), when the demise of successor, which in this revelation is the Holy Prophet (may peace and called Khalīfah, it is impossible that As mentioned earlier in this essay, blessings of Allāh be on him) was religion can be revived. After Khilāfat- the Holy Qur’ān binds the subject of considered untimely and many i-Rāshida, all Ummah agrees, that Khilāfat by creation of Adam. In Sūrah ignorant Bedouins turned apostate. religion remained in recession Al-Baqarah, Allāh Ta‘ālā says: The companions (may Allāh be although there were many Muslim pleased with them) of the Holy organizations working in so many “And when thy Lord said to the

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 9 angels, ‘I am about to place a the mantle of the Prophets. of mankind but instead I am Adam. vicegerent in the earth,’ they Those who have…He a man said ‘Wilt Thou place therein from Fāris…Allāh appreciates 1.5.3 Revelation Number 3 such as will cause disorder in it, his effort.” (Anjām Ātham, p. 56 and shed blood?—and we -57, footnote). Then the Promised Messiah (may glorify Thee with Thy praise peace be on him) says Allāh has told and extol Thy holiness,’ He In this revelation, God Almighty him: answered, ‘I know what you referred to the Promised Messiah know not.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 (may peace be on him) as Adam and “I determined to appoint a [Al-Baqarah]:31) says, you are an Adam who will revive vicegerent and so I created the religion and establish the Shari‘at. Adam. O Adam, dwell thou and Many commentaries have been The revelation further clarifies by thy companion in the garden. written to explain the symbolic saying that the Adam, who is the You will die at a time when I am meanings used in the story of creation progeny of a Fārsī person, and hence pleased with you…We have sent of Adam and unravel many related completely rules out the Adam as it down close to Qādiān. We questions like: Who was Adam? Was father of mankind. have sent it down with truth he the first human being on the earth? and with truth it has descended. Or was he the first live organism from 1.5.2 Revelation Number 2 Allāh and His Messenger have where the different forms of lives were affirmed the truth. Allāh’s derived or was he the derived format In another revelation mentioned command was.” (Arba‘īn, No. 2, of life after passing many stages of in Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya, the pp. 9-21) evolution, on whom the first time Promised Messiah (may peace be on revelation of God came? To the him) explains this more clearly: 1.5.3.1 Revelation Number 4 Promised Messiah (may peace be on him), Allāh Ta‘ālā opened a complete “‘I decided to appoint a The Promised Messiah (may new meaning of Adam through vicegerent (Khalīfah) so I peace be on him) says Allāh has told revelation. Allāh gave repeated created Adam. I will establish him: revelations to the Promised Messiah him in the earth.’ (may peace be on him) about creation “I determined to appoint a of Adam and a Khalīfah. In all these The word Khalīfah in the vicegerent and so I created this revelations, the Promised Messiah revelation which has been Adam. This Adam will establish (may peace be on him) said that when translated as vicegerent means the Shari‘a and revive the God says that I am creating an Adam a person who would be the religion.” (Arba‘īn, No. 3, pp. 24 as Khalīfah, He really means me as means of direction and -29) Adam and me as His Khalīfah. Then guidance between Allāh and His he generalized the concept of creation creatures. Here it does not 1.5.4 Revelation Number 5 of Adam as appointing a person from signify kingdom or government; Allāh, who guides mankind toward it connotes only spiritual office. The Promised Messiah (may Allāh. In the following, we present Also Adam does not in this peace be on him) says Allāh has told some of those revelations, where the revelation refer to the Adam, him: Promised Messiah (may peace be on the father of mankind…It him) claims he is the Adam and he is means a person through whom “I determined to appoint a the Khalīfah. a movement of direction and vicegerent and so I created this guidance would be established Adam. And they say, will You for spiritual revival of mankind. create the one, who will fight. 1.5.1 Revelation Number 1 He will thus be in the position (God) said, I know, which you of a spiritual father for the don’t…He created Adam, which The Promised Messiah (may seekers after truth. This is a is you and He gave him respect. peace be on him), says that Allāh has grand prophecy predicting the This Adam is Prophet of told him: establishment of a spiritual Allāh.” (Tadhkirah) movement at a time when none “I determined to appoint a of its insignia are It should be noted that in all these vicegerent and so created visible.” (Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya, revelations, the word “Aradto” is used, Adam. I perfected him and part IV, pp. 489-493, sub which means whenever I determine… breathed into him My Spirit. He footnote 3). that there is need of my Khalīfah on will establish the Law and will earth, I create an Adam. These revive the faith. Had faith Explaining this revelation, the prophecies point to a continuous ascended to the Pleiades he Promised Messiah (may peace be on process. So whenever God’s will want would have brought it down… him) removed all doubts of relating to reestablish His kingdom on earth, He created Adam and honored Adam as the father of mankind and He chooses an Adam as His him. The champion of Allāh in said here that Adam is not the father representative on the earth and

Page 10 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 through that Adam God’s glory shines attention was directed towards important to review the areas and on the earth and a pious nation is the value of the letters of Sūrah verses of the Holy Qur’ān where the built. ‘Aṣ r (Chapter 103) as subject of Adam and Khilāfat is comprising the date.” (Izāla mentioned to understand the true 1.5.5 Revelation Number 6 Auhām, pp. 185-186) meanings of Khilāfat. But before we discuss those verses and the attributes “Thy Lord, most surely, does 1.5.8 Revelation Number 9 of Khilāfat, it is essential that we that which He determines. He explore the meanings of other key created Adam and bestowed Revelation (Arabic): “‘He will terms used in the Holy Qur’ān with honor upon him. I determined revive the faith and will reference to creation of Adam in light to appoint a vicegerent and so establish the Law. O Adam, of the Promised Messiah’s (may peace created Adam. They said: ‘Will dwell thou and thy companion be on him) teaching. you place therein one who will in the Garden. O Ahmad, dwell Zauj: The word zauj is used for commit disorder therein?’ He thou and thy companion in the spouse or wife; however, the Promised said: ‘I know that which you do Garden. I have breathed into Messiah (may peace be on him) not know.’” (Tadhkirah-tus- thee the spirit of righteousness believed that in reference to creation Shahādatain pp. 3-7) from Myself…’ of Adam as Khalīfah, Adam is the messenger of Allāh and zauj are all 1.5.6 Revelation Number 7 The connotation of the Garden people who believe in him. in this revelation is the means “O Adam, you and your spouse of true salvation. In this “O Adam, you and Your spouse live in paradise. All your revelation, the naming of the live in paradise. All your companions are like your spiritual Adam has been companion are like your spouse. They all will be saved. explained. That is to say, as spouse. They all will be saved. This is of the mercy of thy Lord Adam was created without the This is of the mercy of thy Lord so that it should be a sign for intervention of means, in the so that it should be a sign for the believers. I determined to same way the spirit is breathed the believers. I determined to establish a vicegerent and so I into a spiritual Adam without establish a vicegerent and so I created Adam that he might the intervention of any means. created Adam that he might establish the law and revive the This breathing of the spirit in establish the law and revive the faith. The champion of Allāh in its true reality is confined to the faith. The champion of Allāh in the mantle of the Prophets and this bounty is the mantle of the Prophets.” (Arba‘īn, No 3, pp. bestowed upon particular Prophets.” (Arba‘īn, No 3, pp. 23-29) individuals from among the 23-29) Muslims on account of their In this revelation, very clearly complete submission to the Iblīs: Who is referred to as Iblīs in Allāh Ta‘ālā says that you are the Holy Prophet (may peace and reference to creation of Adam? Adam who Allāh chose as Khalīfah blessings of Allāh be on him) Clearly, the one who does not accept and all those believers are your “zauj” and by way of inheritance from him. Hence, all those who reject Adam which is like your spouses. him.” (Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya, or Khalīfah of the time are kind of part IV, pp. 496-497). Iblīs. 1.5.7 Revelation Number 8 Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may 1.6 Attributes of Khilāfat Allāh be pleased with him) explaining “(a) On one occasion, I was this verse says: thinking of the time of the Now that we know that Allāh creation of Adam and my creates an Adam or Khalīfah, it is “I remind you again what the

Prayer in Congregation

Ḥaḍrat Abū Hurairah (may Allāh be pleased with him) has related that the Holy Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allāh be on him) said: “Prayer in congregation is more than twenty-five times greater in merit than Prayer at home or in the shop, etc. Therefore, when a person makes his ablutions carefully and proceeds to the mosque with the sole purpose of joining in the service, his station rises in grade at every step and one of his sins is wiped out. From the moment he enters the mosque he is accounted as a participant in the service while waiting for the service to begin, and, so long as he causes no inconvenience to anyone and his state of purity is maintained, the angels continue to pray for him: Allāh, have mercy upon him; Allāh, forgive him; Allāh, turn to him with compassion.” (Bukhārī and Muslim)

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 11 Holy Qur’ān sets forth— above, the wording of Ḥaḍrat by righteous people, he should bow Remember Adam was made Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be his head in front of Khalīfah without Khalīfah by God Who said: ‘I pleased with him) that one should any thought that he might be better am about to appoint a understand that even angels did not than him. vicegerent [Khalīfah] on earth.’ get any benefit due to arrogance, so What good did the angels what you, who show arrogance to my 1.6.3 After Rejecting Khalīfah, No One achieve by raising an objection Khilāfat, would get. Hence one should Can Succeed to it? You can find it from the always take word of Khalīfah carefully Holy Qur’ān and see that they and never show or think any The third important point is that had to prostrate on account of arrogance in his or her heart. one who does not accept his Adam or Adam. If someone objects to my Describing the same Khalīfah is like an “Iblīs,” who fights Khilāfat, even if he be an angel, arrogance, Allāh Ta‘ālā says in Sūrah with Allāh and he will be wasted like I would respond: it is better for Ṣād: Iblīs. A practical example is the Lahorī you to submit to the Khilāfat of Jamā‘at, who rejected Khilāfat and Adam. If he becomes Iblīs “Said He: ‘O Iblīs! What has now they are failing every day. [Satan] by acting with kept thee from prostrating disobedience and pride, he thyself before that [being] 1.6.4 Successes are Attached with should ponder: what benefit did which I have created with My Khilāfat Iblī s derive from his hands? Art thou too proud [to opposition? I repeat: if anyone bow down before another Now we return to the remaining objects to my Khilāfat, and such created being], or art thou of part of the verse and combine verse an objector is an angel, he will those who think [only] of after that to further explore the be brought by his right nature themselves as high?’” (The Holy attributes of Khilāfat: to submit to Adam.” (Badr, July Qur’ān, 38 [Ṣād]:76) 4, 1912) “They said ‘Wilt Thou place 1.6.2 Obedience of Khalīfah is Needed, therein such as will cause Similarly, the word Sajadah refers Even One is Pious disorder in it, and shed to be obedient to the Adam and does blood?’—and we glorify Thee not reflect to physically prostrate In the previous verse of Sūrah with Thy praise and extol Thy before any Khalīfah or Adam. Banī Isrā’īl, God asked angels to holiness,’ He answered, ‘I know After explaining the key terms, prostrate before Adam. He did not ask what you know not.’” (The Holy now we explore different verses of the humans or “An-Nās,” why? Clearly, Qur’ān, 2 [Al-Baqarah]:31) Holy Qur’ān, where subject of Khilāfat the word angel is symbolic; the same and Adam is mentioned. For the ease way, the word Adam is symbolic The lesson in this verse is when of readers, in the following, we will according to the Promised Messiah Allāh chooses His Khalīfah, many select the attributes first and then (may peace be on him). The word people and even those who are quote the relative verse from the Holy angel here refers to people who are righteous do not know how much Qur’ān and briefly explain its obedient like angles; so God asks mankind will benefit from this meaning. those people—obedient and pious Khalīfah, so at first, they think that people—to accept His Adam or there is no need for Khalīfah. All 1.6.1 Arrogance toward Khalīfah is a Khalīfah and become supporter of his works are duly done by us; what new Sin mission. This is exactly what we see in thing this Khalīfah can bring. As said the time of every Prophet. Those who in this verse, even angels, due to their Allāh says in Banī Isrā’īl: are very righteous are first who come very limited understanding, said that forward and accept the messengers of O Allāh, by bringing Khalīfah, there “And We said unto the angels, Allāh and those who are worldly do will be bloodshed. Exactly the same ‘Prostrate yourselves before not pay any attention to the message way, sometime simple people who Adam’—whereupon they all of messengers of Allāh, although have very limited understanding start prostrated themselves, except messenger of Allāh does not saying same kind of things—such as Iblīs. Said he: ‘Shall I prostrate discriminate in spreading his there is no need of Khilāfat, nation can myself before one whom Thou message. He calls everyone but as the split and people can fight each other. hast created out of clay?’” (The Promised Messiah (may peace be on But Allāh tells them that you all Holy Qur’ān, 17 [Banī him) said, those who are righteous cannot even perceive of what I know Isrā’īl]:62) and have clean heart will come and my Khalīfah can do. Then as a proof of accept me. His claim, Allāh brings this verse: There are many lessons or And He imparted unto Adam“ جس كى فطرت نيك ھے آۓ ڴا وه ا نجام كار .attributes of Khilāfat in this verse First thing is, don’t be arrogant before the names of all things; then He Khalīfah like Iblīs said: how come I The lesson for a believer in this brought them within the ken of prostrate in front of one who is verse is: no matter how pious a the angels and said: ‘Declare created from clay. We already quoted believer is, when a Khalīfah is chosen unto Me the names of these

Page 12 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 [things], if what you say is among you who believe and do choose the right person. The Promised true.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al- good works that He will surely Messiah (may peace be on him) says, Baqarah]:32) make them Successors in the since the Holy Prophet (may peace earth, as He made Successors and blessings of Allāh be on him) Again, it will be ridiculous to think from among those who were knew that Allāh has to make a that perhaps Allāh told Adam some before them;” (The Holy Khalīfah or successor after his demise, peoples’ names etc. and then asked Qur’ān, 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) he was not worried how Khalīfah will angels to tell Him those names. It is be elected. If he had any fear about his logically not correct that God is telling In this verse of the Holy Khilāfat he may have said that choose name to Adam and then asking the Qur’ān, Allāh has used the word “Lā Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with angels. Angels should right away say Yastakhle Fanna Hum” that He will him) or ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased that since You did not tell us the make the Khalīfah. He never said that, with him) but he did not. names, how come we should answer; O believer you will choose a Khalīfah but instead angels just agreed that O or should choose a Khalīfah, instead, Some Examples of How Allāh Chooses Allāh, You are right, we were Allāh Ta‘ālā says, I will make a Khalīfah mistaken. Khalīfah for you. You should never The real matter is, as explained by worry how to make a Khalīfah because When the Holy Prophet (may the Promised Messiah (may peace be God says it is on Me to make a peace and blessings of Allāh be on on him) in his various writings, that Khalīfah for you. The only condition him) passed away, no one was ready righteous people eventually realize or demand He makes from believers is to accept that the Prophet of Allāh had that their all combined efforts could that “you must be righteous people.” If passed away. Even the second not achieve the goals what this you are righteous people then the rest Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be Khalīfah has achieved. There is an you leave to God; He himself creates pleased with him), stood up and said example in our Jamā‘at; a group of circumstances of a Khalīfah for you as that if someone said that the Holy people who made Lahorī Jamā‘at, He says, ...That I promise to those Prophet (may peace and blessings of leaving Khilāfat, realized that they who believe and act righteously that Allāh be on him) had passed away, he could not accomplish any goal and they will be recipient of Khilāfat. would kill him. All the enemies were they faced failures after failures and It should be understood that only happy and thinking that Islām will eventually those who were righteous Prophets of Allāh, who are also end now. But all of sudden, an old among them realized their mistake Khulafā’ of Allāh, are directly man in the form of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr and came back to join the Khalīfah. appointed by God. God, through Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with revelation, tells them that they are the him) came forward who recited: 1.6.5 Khalīfah is Chosen By God chosen ones and that they should convey His message. However, the “And Muḥammad is only an Allāh says in Sūrah Al-Baqarah: successors of Prophets are chosen by apostle; all the [other] apostles righteous people; but those righteous have passed away before him: “And when thy Lord said to the people are guided by Allāh to choose if, then, he dies or is slain, will angels, ‘I am about to place a the person who is beloved of Allāh. you turn about on your heels? vicegerent (a Khalīfah) in the Describing this situation, Allāh says: But he that turns about on his earth.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al heels can in no wise harm -Baqarah]:31) “Behold, all who pledge their God—whereas God will requite allegiance to thee pledge their all who are grateful [to This verse does not say that allegiance to God. The hand of Him].” (The Holy Qur’ān, 3 [Āl people make a Khalīfah. Allāh says, I God is over their hands. Hence, ‘Imrān]:145) make a Khalīfah. Then in Sūrah Ṣād, he who breaks his oath, breaks Allāh says: it only to his own hurt; whereas When Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may he who remains true to what he Allāh be pleased with him) recited this “[And We said:] ‘O David! has pledged unto God, on him verse, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be Behold, We have made thee a will He bestow a reward pleased with him) said that he felt that Khalīfah.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, supreme.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 48 he was hearing these verses for the 38 [Ṣād]:27) [Al-Fatḥ]:11) first time. At the hands of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with him), In this verse again Allāh says, that In this verse, Allāh is describing the whole Ummah was united and the O David, We made you Khalīfah. that the hand of Prophet is the hand of mission of the Prophet (may peace These references speak for themselves Allāh, and those who do Bai‘at with and blessings of Allāh be on him) that Khalīfah is appointed by Allāh Prophet, they are doing Bai‘at on the continued. And in no time, all those Ta‘ālā not by human beings. Then in hand of Allāh. Similarly, when Allāh who were making dividing statements well known verses of Khilāfat, Allāh says that He is the one Who is making combined together on the hand of says: Khalīfah, it does not matter who is Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh voting and who is proposing. It is be pleased with him) and once again “Allāh has promised to those Allāh who controls their hearts to the whole Ummah stood together.

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 13 Similarly, when the Promised have indeed rejected the truth, turned away from his Messiah (may peace be on him) and the punishment of your Sustainer’s command. Will you, passed away, it was quite a difficult rejection will now cleave to then, take him and his cohorts time for Aḥmadīs. Some people were you.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 25 [Al- for [your] masters instead of thinking that Anjuman should control Furqān]:78) Me, although, they are your all the affairs; but Allāh Ta‘ālā chose foe? How vile an exchange on Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn 1.6.7 A Khalīfah is Guided by God the evildoers’ part!” (The Holy (may Allāh be pleased with him) as Qur’ān, 18 [Al-Kahf]:51) the Khalīfah, who was also the head of Allāh says in the Holy Qur’ān: Ṣadr Anjuman and this way those who “For [thus it was;] when We were against Khilāfat had to do Bai‘at “And We did create you and told the angels, ‘Prostrate at the hands of Khalīfah I (may Allāh then We gave you shape; then yourselves before Adam!’—they be pleased with him) and their scheme said We to the angels, ‘Submit all prostrated themselves, save failed. Again, when Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul to Adam;’ and they all Iblīs, who refused [to do Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with submitted but Iblīs did not; he it].” (The Holy Qur’ān, 20 him) passed away, those who were would not be of those who [ṬāHā]:117) against Khilāfat, tried their utmost to submit.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 7 stop the mission of Khilāfat. Even they [Al-A‘rāf]:12) No doubt, in each of these verses, swept all the money with them and there is more than one guidance about thought this Khilāfat will end itself in In this verse, Allāh says that We Khilāfat, however, one aspect which is no time but Allāh Almighty caused created you O Adam and then We common is that the one who rejects their schemes to fail and Khilāfat-i- perfected you means gave you a his Khalīfah is following Iblīs and is Aḥmadiyya continued. comprehensive wisdom to become accepting a path of Kufr. Our Khalīfah and then after that we 1.6.6 A Person who does not Obey His asked angels to prostrate before you. 1.6.9 Believers who Accept Khalīfah, Khalīfah is Meaningless to God Hence, when a Khalīfah is appointed Live in a Paradise in this World by God, it is He Who had given him In the same verse again: wisdom and guides him to lead “And We said: ‘O Adam, dwell mankind in the right direction. So we thou and thy wife in this “And when thy Lord said to the should always keep in mind that garden, and eat freely thereof, angels, ‘I am about to place a Khalīfah is given a great wisdom from both of you, whatever you may vicegerent [or Khalīfah] in the Allāh and no one should disagree with wish; but do not approach this earth,’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al him. one tree, lest you become -Baqarah]:31) wrongdoers.’” (The Holy 1.6.8 A Person who Rejects Khalīfah is Qur’ān, 2 [Al-Baqarah]:36) This verse does not say that the Like the One Who does Kufr intention was to create Adam, but it Almost similar subject is says that God’s intention was to create Now we present some Qur’ānic described in Sūrah Al-A‘rāf as follow: His Khalīfah on the earth and to fulfill references in which at least one His intention, he chose Adam as an guidance about Khilāfat is common “‘And [as for thee], O Adam, entity to represent his Khalīfah. So if and this is that rejecting His Khalīfah dwell thou and thy wife in this the purpose for which human was is tantamount to doing Kufr and garden, and eat, both of you, created, is violated by human then adopting the path of Fāsiqīn. Allāh whatever you may wish; but do human being is useless. says: not approach this one tree, lest you become evildoers!’” (The The same thing Allāh has “And when We told the angels, Holy Qur’ān, 7 [Al-A‘rāf]:20) described in two other areas at least. ‘Prostrate yourselves before The first one is: Adam!’ they all prostrated The person or people who accept themselves, save Iblīs, who Khalīfah, they receive a great “And [tell them that] I have not refused and gloried in his satisfaction in their lives, like they are created the invisible beings and arrogance; and thus he became living in a paradise. Other people men to any end other than that one of those who deny the cannot even think of it. This is what they may [know and] worship truth.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al- we see in the lives of Aḥmadīs, Me.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 51 [Al- Baqarah]:35) everyday, whether they are persecuted Dhāriyāt]:57) or their properties are taken away or “And [remember that] when We they are deprived of their rights; in all Secondly: told the angels, ‘Prostrate these situations, they feel happiness yourselves before Adam,’ they and a satisfaction. Ḥaḍrat Ṣāḥibẓādah “Say to the disbelievers: ‘But for all prostrated themselves, save Abdul Latīf (may Allāh be pleased your prayer to Him my Lord Iblīs; he [too] was one of those with him) was martyred in a very would not care for you. You invisible beings, but then he painful way. He was asked many a

Page 14 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 times to leave the Imām of the time Māl, there is no money which can help Khalīfah. History is witness that those and he would be honorably discharged Qādiān people to survive so we advise who raised objection and separated from this punishment but all the time you to come and join us because we themselves from Khilāfat failed. he preferred death over leaving have wealth and strength to grow. But Khalīfah of the time because he had a Allāh says, these are baseless claims. 1.6.13 Signs of True Khilāfat satisfaction which nonbelievers could They don’t have any strength to not think of. succeed and their destiny is failure. All How one should realize that it is those who took all the finances from true Khilāfat? There should be some 1.6.10 Believers Should not Listen to a Khalīfah and his followers, could not sign from which an outsider should Person who Rejects Khalīfah make any successful mission outside feel that these are the people who are Lahore and day by day their wealth following the Khilāfat established by Allāh says in the Holy Qur’ān: and their supporters kept on Almighty Allāh. In Sūrah Al-Nūr Allāh disappearing while the wealthless Says: “And thereupon We said: ‘O followers of the Khalīfah have Adam! Verily, this is a foe unto established missions across the “God has promised…they thee and thy wife; so let him not corners of the earth; sun never sets on worship Me [alone], not drive the two of you out of this the followers of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. ascribing divine powers to garden and render thee aught beside Me.” (The Holy unhappy.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 1.6.12 Khalīfah can be One Person Qur’ān, 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) 20 [ṬāHā]:118) only, not Many Persons Hence if Khilāfat is true, it must As explained by the Promised In the Holy Qur’ān, there is a change people to become pious. If that Messiah (may peace be on him) that place that describes that non believers is not happening, then the Khilāfat is the word Zauj means the companions raised objection to the Holy Prophet not true Khilāfat. or followers of the Prophet. Hence the (may peace and blessings of Allāh be message is that Iblīs or those who do on him) that he is a common man like On the similar subject, Allāh says not accept Khalīfah, will try to us. He also does shopping like every in Susah Al-Fatḥ: convince the believers to join them one of us; then why should we just and not obey the Khalīfah. But Allāh follow this one person? Should we all “Muḥammad is God’s Apostle; warns that if you listen to him, he will follow one person among us? In and those who are [truly] with eventually cause you to leave the response to that, God replied to them him are firm and unyielding paradise you are living in, being with Yes!, you all are supposed to obey the towards all deniers of the truth, the Khalīfah. one whom Allāh has chosen. [yet] full of mercy towards one another. Thou canst see them “‘Did I not enjoin on you, O you “And they said: ‘Are we to bowing down, prostrating children of Adam, that you follow one single mortal, one themselves [in prayer], seeking should not worship Satan— from among ourselves? In that favor with God and [His] goodly since, verily, he is your open case, behold, we would acceptance; their marks are on foe.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 36 [Yā certainly sink into error and their faces, traced by Sīn]:61) folly!’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 54 [Al prostration. This is their -Qamar]:25) parable in the Torah as well as 1.6.11 Nonbelievers who Reject their parable in the Gospel; Khalīfah Lie to People that They are I want to quote here Ḥaḍrat [they are] like a seed that brings Growing Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be forth its shoot, and then He pleased with him), when same strengthens it so that it grows Allāh says in the Holy Qur’ān : objection was raised against him that stout and [in the end] stands why all Anjuman and other people firm upon its stem, delighting “But Satan whispered unto him, should follow just him. Instead, it the sowers. [Thus will God saying: ‘…a kingdom that will would be better that people follow cause the believers to grow in never decay?’” (The Holy Anjuman. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I strength,] so that through them Qur’ān, 20 [ṬāHā]:121) (may Allāh be pleased with him) He might confound the deniers replied quoting same verse of the Holy of the truth. [But] unto such of Allāh says that Iblīs, who did not Qur’ān, that this is not a new them as may [yet] attain to faith accept Adam as Khalīfah, will call objection. Nonbelievers also raised and do righteous deeds, God people that listen, if you follow me, I the same concern about the Holy has promised forgiveness and a will lead you to the everlasting victory. Prophet (may peace and blessings of reward supreme.” (The Holy This is exactly what Lahorī Jamā‘at Allāh be on him) and responding to Qur’ān, 48 [Al-Fatḥ]:30) preached to innocent Aḥmadīs that their objection, the Holy Qur’ān says, they should not follow Mirzā Maḥmūd Yes, that is what God asks you to do. These are the signs, which one can (may Allāh be pleased with him) You all have to follow me as your observe, in the people, who are because he has no power and in Baitul Amīr, as God has appointed me as a recipient of true Khilāfat.

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 15 1.6.14 Khilāfat is Rope to Allāh who reject the Khalīfah, which means -Jumu‘ah]:3) that they have adopted the path of It is very fundamental question darkness. “And among others from that why Khilāfat is needed? Allāh among them who have not yet Ta‘ālā says: 1.7 Prediction of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat joined them. He is the Mighty, in the Holy Qur’ān and Aḥādīth of the the Wise.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 62 “And hold fast, all together, Holy Prophet (may peace and [Al-Jumu‘ah]:4) unto the bond with God, and do blessings of Allāh be on him) not draw apart from one When these verses of the Holy another. And remember the Allāh Ta‘ālā says in the Holy Qur’ān were revealed to the Holy blessings which God has Qur’ān: Prophet (may peace and blessings of bestowed upon you; how, when Allāh be on him), he was sitting in a you were enemies, He brought “Allāh has promised to those group of his followers. The followers your hearts together, so that among you who believe and do asked the Holy Prophet (may peace through His blessing you good works that He will surely and blessings of Allāh be on him), became brethren; and [how, make them Successors in the would you come to this world again? when] you were on the brink of earth, as He made The Holy Prophet (may peace and a fiery abyss. He saved you Successors from among those blessings of Allāh be on him) put his from it. In this way God makes who were before them; and that hand on the shoulder of Ḥaḍrat clear His messages unto you, so He will surely establish for Salmān Fārsī (may Allāh be pleased that you might find them their religion which He with him) and said, if the faith is guidance.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 3 has chosen for them; and that completely disappeared from the face [Āl ‘Imrān]:104) He will surely give them in of the earth and lifted to the Thurayya exchange security and planet, there will be a person or group Almost all commentators agree peace after their fear: They will of persons from his progeny, who will that Khilāfat is a rope of Allāh. Hence worship Me, and they will not bring it back on the earth. this means that without Khilāfat, there associate anything with Me. It is important to note that the is danger that nation will divide into Then whoso is ungrateful after Holy Prophet (may peace and sects and there will be no unity. that, they will be the blessings of Allāh be on him) said one Unfortunately, this is exactly what we rebellious.” (The Holy Qur’ān, person or more than one person. Now see in Muslim Ummah today. In the 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) as far as prediction of one person is absence of Khilāfat, Muslims are concerned, there is no doubt that that divided into many sects. Not only are This verse starts with: It is a one person is the Promised Messiah they divided in beliefs they also totally promise of Allāh that He will bless (may peace be on him) but we cannot fail to cooperate with each other. certain people with Khilāfat. Now the ignore the wording of “O Rejallun . . .” Calling themselves Muslims, one question remains, who are those which means more than one person. country fights against the other and people who will be the recipient of Clearly, the other persons are the both sides’ ‘Ulamā’ write edicts that Khilāfat and with whom Allāh has successors of the Promised Messiah their fights are Jihād. They are made a promise? To find the answer (may peace be on him). My dear destroying each other with their own of this question, when we search the friends, it is not by incidence that we hands and there is no one who they Holy Qur’ān, we find Sūrah Jumu‘ah have four Khulafā’-i-Aḥmadiyyat from can listen to. talking on the same subject. In Sūrah the progeny of the Promised Messiah These are a few verses of the Holy Jumu‘ah Allāh Ta‘ālā says: (may peace be on him). As a matter of Qur’ān from which we picked up very fact, it is exactly as the Holy Prophet few aspects or attributes of Khilāfat; “He it is who has sent unto the (may peace and blessings of Allāh be otherwise there are lot more areas in unlettered people an apostle on him) said that it is likely that more the Holy Qur’ān that speak of Khilāfat from among themselves, to than one person from sons of Fāris in great depth because the subject of convey unto them His work on this mission. Khilāfat encompasses the whole life of messages, and to cause them to Similarly there is a Ḥadīth that every person and if one grow in purity, and to impart one day, the Prophet of Allāh, Ḥaḍrat comprehensively understands the unto them the divine writ as Mohammad (may peace and blessings subject of Khilāfat, one can get well as wisdom—whereas of Allāh be on him) stood on the dais nearness of Allāh and if one rejects it, before that they were indeed, in Masjid al-Nabawī and started he jumps into darkness. That is why most obviously, lost in describing the events that were going the word Ẓālimīn is used for those error.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 62 [Al to take place after him till the

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Page 16 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Qiyyāma comes. He started his today. It is also a proof for all the make them Successors in the sermon after Fajr Prayer and Muslim world today that they are not earth, as He made Successors continued till it was Ẓuhr time. Then acting righteously, otherwise from among those who were he offered his Ẓuhr Prayer and after according to this verse of the Holy before them…’ (The Holy Ẓuhr Prayer again stood on the dais Qur’ān, they must have Khilāfat in Qur’ān, 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) and continued his sermon. them. These are written facts that In that long sermon, he narrated many Muslim countries tried their They contend that ‘those among many incidents which were going to best to establish Khilāfat and they you’ here means only the happen after him. During that spent millions of dollars and staged Companions (may Allāh be sermon, he mentioned that after his conferences to achieve the goal but all pleased with them) and that demise, Khilāfat will be established their efforts failed. They failed badly Khilāfat came to an end with and it will continue as long as Allāh because according to this verse, them; that it would not re- wants. Then this Khilāfat will be Khilāfat cannot be established by appear among the Muslims up replaced by tyrannical monarchy human efforts; it is only brought by to the Day of Judgment. In which will remain with you as long as Allāh’s will. other words, the Khilāfat Allāh wants. Then the monarchy will appeared only as a dream or be replaced by despots and that will be 1.8 Prediction of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat fancy for a brief period of thirty a dark period on my Ummah. These in the Writings of the Promised years.” (Rūḥānī Khazā’in, vol. 6, despots will rule you as long as Allāh Messiah (may peace be on him) p. 330) wants, then this rule of cruel despots will be replaced by a Khilāfat which In this respect, I will present two 2) He further states in the same will be started after Nubuwwat and types of sayings of the Promised book: after that he stopped. Messiah (may peace be on him): (1) All scholars of Islām agree that sayings of a general nature in which “How can I say that anyone who this Khilāfat will be the Khilāfat there are promises of the studies these verses carefully established after Imām Mahdī (may establishment of Khilāfat among would not understand that peace be on him). Muslims on a permanent basis after Allāh the Most High has made a the Holy Prophet (may peace and promise of everlasting Khilāfat Truthfulness of Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at blessings of Allāh be on him) and (2) for the Ummah? If Khilāfat was can be Proved from Āyah Istikhlāf specific sayings in which it is pointed not permanent, then what was out clearly that there would be the significance of drawing a In Āyah Istikhlāf, Allāh Ta‘ālā Khilāfat after the Promised Messiah parallel with the Khulafā’ of the says: (may peace be on him). Mosaic dispensation? If the righteous Khilāfat was to be “…Allāh has promised those of Sayings of a General Nature limited to thirty years and you who have attained to faith thereafter its period was to be and do righteous deeds that, of 1) In his book Shahādatul-Qur’ān, closed forever, then it follows a certainty, He will bless them the Promised Messiah (may peace be that Allāh the Most High had with Khilāfat on earth…” (The on him) writes: not ordained that the doors of Holy Qur’ān, 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) good fortune remain open for “Some people deny the general the followers of the Holy In this verse, the promise of application to all Muslims of Prophet (may peace and Khilāfat is only with those who are the verse: blessings of Allāh be on believers and do right deeds. They will him).” (Ibid., p. 353) be rewarded by Khilāfat. So in this ‘…Allāh has promised to those sense, it is a proof of truthfulness of among you who believe and do In these writings, the Promised Aḥmadiyyat for all the Muslim world good works that He shall surely Messiah (may peace be on him) is

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 17 correcting the point of view of those one of his Khulafā’ would travel taunt, and reproach the who believed that the Khilāfat was towards Damascus.” (Rūḥānī Prophets. And after they have confined to the Companions (may Khazā’in, vol. 7, p. 225) had their fill of ridicule and Allāh be pleased with them) and it reproach, He reveals yet closed thereafter. In these writings, he By writing this, the Promised another dimension of His Might made it very clear that the promise Messiah (may peace be on him) has and creates such means by contained in the quoted verse is the made two very clear statements in which the objectives which had promise of an everlasting bliss. favor of Khilāfat: One, that the Holy to some extent remained 3) The basic reason for the Prophet (may peace and blessings of incomplete are fully realized. establishment of Khilāfat also requires Allāh be on him) has promised that Thus, He manifests two kinds of that we believe in the general the Promised Messiah (may peace be Power. (1) First, He shows the application of the quoted verse. In the on him) would be followed by Hand of His Power at the hands same book, Shahādatul-Qur’ān, the Khulafā’, one of whom would travel to of His Prophets themselves. (2) Promised Messiah (may peace be on Damascus; second, he accepted the Second, when with the death of him) writes: applicability of this Ḥadīth to himself a Prophet, difficulties and and thus fifteen years before his problems arise and the enemy “Since no one can live forever, demise he declared that he would be feels stronger and thinks that Allāh the Exalted ordained that followed by several Khulafā’, one of things are in disarray and is the Anbiyā’, who are the most whom would travel to Damascus. convinced that now this honorable and the best people 2) Shortly before his demise, the Jamā‘at will become extinct and of the earth, continue their Promised Messiah (may peace be on even members of the Jamā‘at, existence upon the earth by way him) wrote Al-Waṣiyyat. In it, he too, are in quandary and their of reflection. For this purpose, writes: backs are broken, and some of God instituted Khilāfat so that the unfortunate ones choose the world should at no time be “God’s Word informs me that paths that lead to apostasy, deprived of the blessings of many calamities will occur and then it is that God for the Nubuwwat. He who limits it to many disasters will descend on second time shows His Mighty thirty years, foolishly overlooks the earth—some during my Power and supports and takes the true purpose of a Khalīfah, lifetime and some after I have care of the shaken Jamā‘at. and does not realize that God gone. And He will promote and Thus, one who remains did not design that the advance this Jamā‘at to the full. steadfast till the end witnesses blessings of Khilāfat be limited A part of it will happen at my this miracle of God. This is to thirty years after the death of hands, and some after me. This what happened at the time of the Holy Prophet (may peace is the Way of God. And ever Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque and blessings of Allāh be on since He created man on earth (may Allāh be pleased with him) and that thereafter the He has always been him), when the demise of the world may go to ruin.” (Ibid., p. demonstrating this Divine Holy Prophet (may peace and 353–354) practice. He helps His Prophets blessings of Allāh be on him) and Messengers and grants was considered untimely and Specific Sayings them success and many ignorant Bedouins turned predominance, as He says apostate. The Companions After these statements of general [Translation: ‘God has ordained (may Allāh be pleased with applicability, I will now offer that He and His Prophets shall them) of the Holy Prophet (may statements which prove beyond a prevail.’] And by predominance peace and blessings of Allāh be shadow of doubt that the chain of is meant that as Messengers on him), too, stricken with Khilāfat was destined to remain and Prophets desire that God’s grief, became like those who unbroken after the Promised Messiah Ḥujjat is established in the lose their senses. Then Allāh (may peace be on him) and that this world and no one is able to raised Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Khilāfat would be personal and would oppose it, so, in turn, does God Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased be patterned after the righteous demonstrate with powerful with him) and showed for the Khulafā’ who followed the Holy signs their truthfulness as well second time the manifestation Prophet (may peace and blessings of as the truth they wish to spread of His Power and saved Islām, Allāh be on him). in the world. He lets them sow just when it was about to fall, 1) In his book Ḥamāmat-ul- the seed of it [the truth], but He and fulfilled the promise which Bushra, the Promised Messiah (may does not let it come to full was spelled out in the peace be on him) has narrated fruition at their hands. Rather verse...that is, after the fear we Aḥādīth of the Holy Prophet (may He causes them to die at such shall firmly re-establish peace and blessings of Allāh be on time as apparently forebodes a them.” (Al-Waṣiyyat, Rūḥānī him) and has written: kind of failure and thereby Khazā’in, vol. 20, p. 304 –305) provides an opportunity for the “Then the Promised Messiah or opponents to laugh at, ridicule, Then the Promised Messiah (may

Page 18 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 peace be on him) continues: which started with Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr that, “The second manifestation Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with cannot come until I go.” In other “So dear friends! since it is the him)—is a manifestation of the words, the system of Khilāfat would be Sunnatullāh (way of God) from promise made by Allāh the Most High established after his demise as it was times immemorial that God in that verse. established after the Holy Prophet Almighty shows two Third. It can also be concluded (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Manifestations so that two false that it is destined that the believers on him). All these conclusions, which joys of the opponents be put to will face trials and tribulations after flow from the writings in Al-Waṣiyyat, an end, it is not possible now the demise of the Prophets. These show that the system of Khilāfat that God should relinquish His trials have been warded off through would be established forever after the Sunnah of old. So do not grieve the Khulafā’. This ancient tradition Promised Messiah (may peace be on over what I have said to you; must also be fulfilled in the him) and it would always be Khilāfat and nor your hearts should be Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamā‘at. As the in the form of a person. distressed. For it is essential for Promised Messiah (may peace be on In Sabz Ishtihār [Green you to witness the second him) writes, “It is not possible that Pamphlet], the Promised Messiah Manifestation also, and its Allāh the Most High should change (may peace be on him) writes: Coming is better for you His eternal way.” That is: the Jamā‘at because it is everlasting the was destined to face a severe “The second way of sending continuity of which will not end tribulation after the demise of the mercy is to send Messengers till the Day of Judgment. And Promised Messiah (may peace be on and Prophets, divinely inspired that second Manifestation him). A condition of fear would arise, scholars, Auliyā’, and Khulafā’ cannot come unless I depart. but it would be turned into a peaceful so that people may be guided to But when I depart, God will situation in accordance with the the right path through their send that second Manifestation eternal way of God. The fact is that the leadership and guidance and for you which shall always stay Jamā‘at faced many a trial and Allāh should attain salvation by with you as promised by God in the Most High protected the Jamā‘at following their way. So, Allāh Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya.” (Ibid.) through the Khulafā’. Thus, the the Most High decreed that the eternal way of God was fulfilled. progeny of this humble one may Many conclusions flow from this Fourth. These writings also show manifest both these writing of the Promised Messiah (may that the second manifestation would forms.” (Rūḥānī Khazā’in, vol. peace be on him). be granted continuation up to the Day 2, p. 462, footnote) First. The second manifestation of Judgment, Khulafā’ will continue to refers to the Khulafā’; because the appear in the Aḥmadiyya Muslim This writing also shows that the Promised Messiah (may peace be on Jamā‘at. The organization of the system of Khilāfat would be him) writes, “Then Almighty Allāh Jamā‘at will continue to gain strength established in the community of the raised Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque upon strength and it will become so Promised Messiah (may peace be on (may Allāh be pleased with him) to firmly established that Khilāfat will him) and some of the Khulafā’ would show His second manifestation.” By continue up to the Day of Judgment as be from his progeny. giving the example of Ḥaḍrat Abū the Promised Messiah (may peace be One and a half months before his Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased on him) writes, “It is eternal and its demise, the Promised Messiah (may with him), the Promised Messiah chain will not be broken up to the Day peace be on him) delivered a speech in (may peace be on him) makes it clear of Judgment.” Lahore in which he said: that the second manifestation means Fifth. The second manifestation Khilāfat. The related verse of the Holy would appear after the demise of the “The Ṣūfīs have said that the Qur’ān says: “…and that He will surely Promised Messiah (may peace be on person who is to be the Khalīfah establish for them their religion which him). The second manifestation would after a sheikh or a Rasūl or a He has chosen for them; and that He come after he is gone, as he writes, Nabī is the first one who is will surely give them in exchange “That second manifestation cannot inspired by God to accept the security and peace after their come until I go.” The Anjuman had truth. The death of a Rasūl is a fear.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 24 [Al- been established during the lifetime of severe earthquake and is a time Nūr]:56) the Promised Messiah (may peace be of great danger. But Almighty Second. The Promised Messiah on him), but the Promised Messiah Allāh provides reassurance (may peace be on him) does not limit (may peace be on him) writes about through a Khalīfah, and that the application of Āyah Istikhlāf in the the second manifestation that it Khalī fah revives and Holy Qur’ān to those appointed “cannot come until I go.” As I have strengthens afresh the purpose directly by God; rather he gives it a stated earlier, the second of the advent of the deceased. general application and regards it as manifestation refers to Khilāfat. Why did the Holy Prophet (may the type of Khilāfat which was The question of successors does peace and blessings of Allāh be bestowed upon Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr not arise as long as the principal is on him) not appoint his Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with present and therefore the Promised Khalīfah to succeed him? It was him). Thus, the chain of Khulafā’— Messiah (may peace be on him) writes because he knew very well that

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 19 Almighty Allāh would Himself that a leader and an Imām, whose Allāh be on him) and recited these appoint a Khalīfah.” (Al- obedience is incumbent upon all verses of the Holy Qur’ān: Ḥakam, April 14, 1908 p.2, members, must always be present in Badr, April 23, 1908) the Jamā‘at; otherwise the pledge “And Muḥammad is only an would be meaningless. apostle; all the [other] apostles The Promised Messiah (may These sayings of the Promised have passed away before him: peace be on him) also said: Messiah (may peace be on him) if, then, he dies or is slain, will clearly prove that the system of you turn about on your heels? “In one revelation Allāh the Khilāfat is destined to continue after But he that turns about on his Most High has addressed me as the Promised Messiah (may peace be heels can in no wise harm sheikh, ‘You are the sheikh, the on him) and it would be the righteous God—whereas God will requite Messiah, whose time will not be Khilāfat in the form of individuals. all who are grateful [to wasted.’” (Al-Ḥakam, April 14, Parliaments or societies have never Him].” (The Holy Qur’ān, 3 [Āl 1905) been established as Khulafā’ nor ‘Imrān]:145) would they be in future. This also proves that there would When Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque be Khulafā’ after the Promised 1.9 Blessings of Khilāfat (may Allāh be pleased with him) Messiah (may peace be on him). recited these verses, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar In the Holy Qur’ān Allāh said that: (may Allāh be pleased with him) said In Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ, the Promised that he felt that he was hearing these ﱢ ِ verses for the first time. At the hands َوﻟَﻴَُﻤﻜﻨَ ﱠﻦ َﳍُْﻢ د َﻳﻨـُﻬ ُﻢ (Messiah (may peace be on him writes: He will provide magnificence to of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may the religion through Khilāfat. Only Allāh be pleased with him), the whole “Those who are outside my this aspect of Khilāfat is so big that Ummah was united and mission of the Community are all disunited in books can be written on the Prophet (may peace and blessings of their ways and thoughts. They magnificence received in every Allāh be on him) continued. do not follow a leader whose Khalīfah’s time. Here we will see a few If we look at history, at times, obedience is incumbent upon glimpses of this—a few from Khilāfat-i people get divided but it was them.” (Rūḥānī Khazā’in, vol. -Rāshida and a few from Aḥmadiyya determination of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr 23, p. 455) Khilāfat. Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with him), whom Allāh has made a It is obvious that the leader Magnificence Of Khilāfat-i-Rāshida Khalīfah to unite them and lead them whose obedience is incumbent upon in the direction of victory. Many everyone, after the Nabī, is a Khalīfah. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be people stopped paying Ẓakāt but It was therefore essential that the pleased with him) was the first Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh system of Khilāfat be established in Khalīfah in Islām. At the sudden be pleased with him) never the Jamā‘at so that it may not revert demise of the Holy Prophet (may compromised on this issue and to the conditions that prevailed peace and blessings of Allāh be on remained determined that he would earlier. him), all companions were in the state fight them until they paid Ẓakāt and Similarly, in Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ, the of turmoil and it seemed that they will eventually he succeeded. Promised Messiah (may peace be on be again divided like they were before Then history preserves another him) wrote inviting the Hindus to a the Holy Prophet (may peace and incident of determination of Ḥaḍrat pledge of peace and in relation to the blessings of Allāh be on him), if no Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be breach of that pledge: hand united them. Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may pleased with him) when after the Allāh be pleased with him) said he demise of Holy Prophet (may peace “They would pay a substantial would kill the person who would say and blessings of Allāh be on him), penalty, not less than 300,000 that the Prophet of Allāh had died. At many wise companions advised him to rupees, to the leader of the that, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may stop the troops which the Holy Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at.” (Ibid.) Allāh be pleased with him) came, Prophet (may peace and blessings of kissed the forehead of the Holy Allāh be on him) was planning to send This also shows that it is essential Prophet’s (may peace and blessings of to Syria. Even Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may

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Page 20 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Allāh be pleased with him) advised the was their leader Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may great personality and in every way same. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with him). Ḥaḍrat suited to the spiritual leadership. Allāh be pleased with him) listened to ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn made an them and said: you all should listen him) asked him to come in the shade open suggestion that every Aḥmadī that the troops who the Prophet of but he refused saying that, you enjoy should take Bai‘at at the hands of Allāh (may peace and blessings of your shade, but for me some camels of Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn Allāh be on him) had decided, will go Baitul Māl are lost and I must search (may Allāh be pleased with him). at every cost completely according to for them. Can anyone think of better Thereupon, Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī the decision of the Holy Prophet (may way other than Khilāfat to create love said that taking Bai‘at was not peace and blessings of Allāh be on and satisfaction among his people. necessary for the people who were him) and he would not listen to a already part of the Jamā‘at. But single word against it. Some people 1.10 Magnificence of Aḥmadiyya Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn pointed out came to advise him that then at least Khilāfat that it was a crucial time for the he should change the commander Jamā‘at and that problems might arise because Osama (may Allāh be pleased Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad, the later. with him) was too young to lead the Promised Messiah (may peace be on Those who had not pledged army. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may him) passed away at 10:30 A.M. on allegiance to Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat had Allāh be pleased with him) said that it May 26, 1908 and his body was adopted the position that there would is impossible that son of Abī Quhāfa brought to Qādiān the next day. not be Khilāfat of an individual after change the leadership that had been Everybody was in a state of shock, the Promised Messiah (may peace be assigned by the Prophet of Allāh (may wondering “What will happen now?” on him); rather, he had appointed the peace and blessings of Allāh be on The whole world was a body without a Anjuman as his Khalīfah and had him). We see that eventually victory soul—the soul having left with the thereby put an end to the Khilāfat by a came through the same Osama (may demise of the Promised Messiah (may person. On the contrary, those who Allāh be pleased with him) and all peace be on him). The first and had pledged allegiance to Aḥmadiyya who were advising Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr foremost thing that occupied the Khilāfat were of the opinion that the Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with attention of the Jamā‘at was the system of Khilāfat which was him) otherwise realized that they were election of a successor to the Promised established after the Holy Prophet mistaken. Messiah (may peace be on him). The (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Then it came the time of Ḥaḍrat Promised Messiah’s (may peace be on on him) had been reestablished after ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased with him) family and elders of the Jamā‘at the Promised Messiah (may peace be him) and the world saw that an were naturally inclined to the election on him). Islāmic state was established where of Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn Which of these beliefs is correct rule of Allāh was the only rule, just (may Allāh be pleased with him) as his and which Community is on the right like a paradise on earth. There was no successor. Every heart, after the path? To find the answer, it is fear of robbery or murder or any other demise of the Promised Messiah (may necessary that we turn to the writings crime. A foreigner came to see the peace be on him) was deeply moved. It of the Promised Messiah (may peace emperor of the Muslim kingdom. was obvious that among all the be on him). Moreover, we should seek When he could not find Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar members of the Jamā‘at there was no guidance from the sayings of Ḥaḍrat (may Allāh be pleased with him) one better suited than the outstanding Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be anywhere, he asked one of the personality of Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī pleased with him) because those now Muslims about where he can find their Nūruddīn (may Allāh be pleased with outside the pledge of Khilāfat accepted leader. That Muslim told him to try to him), but everyone was overwhelmed him to be the first Khalīfah of the find him under the shade of some tree, with sadness and sorrow, and the Promised Messiah (may peace be on maybe he was relaxing somewhere. most saddened was Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm him). They declared that his sayings The person was shocked that the Maulawī Nūruddīn (may Allāh be would be as sacred as those of the leader of such a big state was living pleased with him). Khawājah Kamāl- Promised Messiah (may peace be on such a humble life but yes, that was ud-dīn, secretary, Anjuman-i- him). Finally, the statements, up to true. Aḥmadiyya, stood up and made a the establishment of the second Once in a very hot day of summer, passionate plea for calm and courage, Khilāfat, of those who did not take the Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be and the style and tenor of his speech pledge also point towards the right pleased with him) and some other was such that everyone there was full path. companions were standing under a of tears. He made the plea that the shade of a tree and they noticed that entire Jamā‘at should stand behind 1.10.1 Sayings of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul someone in that burning heat riding the Khilāfat. Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with on a horse here and there like he was was consulted and it was suggested him) in search of something. Ḥaḍrat that Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with Nūruddīn (may Allāh be pleased with Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn him) was talking to others to find out him) should be elected the Caliph. (may Allāh be pleased with him) was who that person was when that person Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn elected to the office of Khilāfat on May came to them. They were shocked, it (may Allāh be pleased with him) was a 27, 1908. From then up to the time of

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 21 his demise, he explained the Holy Qur’ān sets forth. (may Allāh be pleased with importance of Khilāfat and adherence Remember Adam was made him), and Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may to it in several of his speeches and Khalīfah by God, Who said: ‘I Allāh be pleased with him) as sermons. On the demise of the am about to appoint a Khulafā’.” (Ibid) Promised Messiah (may peace be on vicegerent [Khalīfah] on him), he was approached by many earth.’ (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al- 6) Another of his admonitions is: leaders of the Jamā‘at to take the Baqarah]:31) leadership and accept their Bai‘at. “If I have been made Khalīfah, These included Khawājah Kamāl-ud- What good did the angels this is God’s doing in dīn, Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī, and achieve by raising an objection accordance with His design. It many others. The response which he to it? You can find it from the is true that He has made me gave them is worthy of note: Holy Qur’ān and see that they Khalīfah for your good. No had to prostrate on account of power can set aside a Khalīfah 1) “If you insist upon making Adam (may peace be on him). If appointed by God. No one of the covenant with me then bear someone objects to my Khilāfat, you has the power or strength in mind that Bai‘at means to be even if he be an angel, I would to set me aside. If God Almighty sold. On one occasion Ḥaḍrat respond: It is better for you to wills to set me aside He will Ṣāḥib [the Promised Messiah submit to the Khilāfat of Adam. cause me to die. You must (may peace be on him)] If he becomes Iblīs [Satan] by commit this matter to God… indicated to me that I should acting with disobedience and The person who says that he put the thought of my home out pride, he should ponder what has made me Khalīfah utters a of my mind. Thereafter my benefit did Iblīs derive from his falsehood.” (Al-Ḥ akam, entire honor and all thinking opposition? I repeat: if anyone January 21, 1914) became attached to him and I objects to my Khilāfat, and such have never thought of my an objector is an angel, he will 7) Again, he has said: home. Thus, Bai‘at is a difficult be brought by his right nature matter. A person who makes a to submit to Adam.” (Badr, July “If anyone says that the Bai‘at gives up all his freedom 4, 1912) Anjuman has made me and high flights. Concluding the Khalīfah, he utters a falsehood. speech he said, ‘Remember all 4) Continuing the same speech, he Such thinking is destructive and goodness proceeds from unity. said: should be eschewed. Listen A Jamā‘at which has no leader once more that no man or is dead.’” (Badr, June 2, 1908) “Khilāfat is no light affair. You Anjuman has made me can derive no benefit by Khalīfah, nor do I consider any 2) After assuming the office of agitating this question. No one Anjuman capable of appointing Khilāfat, he said: will make any of you Khalīfah, a Khalīfah. Thus no Anjuman nor can there be one in my has made me Khalīfah, nor do I “Now I am your Khalīfah. If lifetime. When I die it will be attach any value to the action of anyone should say that the only that one concerning whom any Anjuman in that context. name Nūruddīn is not God so wills who will become mentioned in Al-Waṣiyyat by Khalīfah…You have made a Should the Anjuman leave me I Ḥaḍrat Ṣāḥib [The Promised covenant with me. You should would not pay any attention to Messiah (may peace be on not raise the question of its action. No one has the power him)], I would counter: Nor are Khalīfah. God has made me to deprive me of the robe of the names of Adam and Abū Khalīfah and now I cannot be Khilāfat.” (Badr, July 4, 1912) Bakr (may Allāh be pleased set aside by any of you, nor has with him) mentioned in earlier anyone the power to set me 8) There is another significant prophecies. The whole Jamā‘at aside. If some of you persist in statement of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ has accepted me as Khalīfah by your attitude then remember I (may Allāh be pleased with him) in consensus. Anyone who goes that I have with me those who explaining the pledge of allegiance to against that consensus puts like “Khālid bin Walīd” will Khilāfat and remaining faithful to himself in opposition to God. chastise you as rebels.” (Badr, Khilāfat. Then listen with attention that July 4, 1912) if you act contrary to your “A person wrote to Ḥaḍrat covenant, your hearts will be 5) On another occasion, he said: Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh filled with hypocrisy.” (Badr, be pleased with him): ‘Is it June 2,1908) “I declare in the name of Allāh obligatory to take a pledge with that Allāh has appointed me as you?’ He said: ‘Whatever is 3) Then again, he said: Khalīfah, just as He appointed commanded for the original Adam (may peace be on him), pledge, does apply equally to “I remind you again that the Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque the branch. The Companions

Page 22 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 (may Allāh be pleased with “My successor should be them) of the Holy Prophet (may righteous, popular, learned and “On May 27, 1908, on the peace and blessings of Allāh be of good conduct. He should demise of the Promised on him) deemed it obligatory to exercise forbearance towards Messiah (may peace be on him), take the pledge at the hands of the old and new friends of the Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn, Mirzā the Khalīfah before burying the Promised Messiah (may peace Ya‘qūb Baig, and Dr. Sayyid body of the Holy Prophet (may be on him). I have been the well Muḥammad Husain Shah peace and blessings of Allāh be -wisher of all of them so should arrived from Lahore to Qādiān. on him).’” (Badr, March 3, 1911, he be. The public teachings of Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn made p. 9) the Holy Qur’ān and Ḥadīth a very touching speech to the should be continued. Greetings effect that: A Caller came from This makes it clear that taking the of peace.” (Al-Ḥakam, March 7, Allāh, who called people pledge with every Khalīfah is 1914, p. 5) towards God. We responded to obligatory. The previous statements his call and gathered around make it clear that Allāh appoints He wrote this testament in his last him. Now he has returned to his whomsoever He wills as Khalīfah. illness and asked Maulawī God and has left us behind. The After the Promised Messiah (may Muḥammad ‘Alī to read it three times question is: What should we do peace be on him), Allāh will appoint and asked him to confirm it. now? Sheikh Raḥmatullah whom He wills. The obedience to all The will that he left behind stood and said words to the the Khulafā’ will be obligatory just as relating to his successor also clearly effect: On my way to Qādiān, I the obedience of the righteous demonstrates that Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul said again and again, and I Khulafā’ was obligatory after the Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with repeat what I said earlier: Give demise of the Holy Prophet (may him) believed in Khilāfat by an leadership to the old man [ i.e., peace and blessings of Allāh be on individual and believed that this is the Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī him). Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may only way that the traditions set by the Nūruddīn (may Allāh be Allāh be pleased with him) considered righteous Khulafā’ can be preserved; pleased with him)]. Without himself to be the righteous Khalīfah he admonished that the same be that, this Jamā‘at cannot stay just like Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque adopted after his demise. united. Everybody agreed with (may Allāh be pleased with him), him and no one objected. Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased 1.10.2 Propaganda of Anjuman Ishā‘at with him) and other Khulafā’. -i-Islām Against Khilāfat A petition was submitted to 9) Another one of his statements Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī is worthy of note: Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī and Nūruddīn (may Allāh be Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn took Bai‘at of pleased with him) bearing “A point I wish to make is worth Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh signatures of several members remembering. Despite be pleased with him) but later of the Jamā‘at including Sheikh deliberate attempts, I cannot changed their minds and said that Raḥmatullah, Dr. Sayyid resist saying so. I have noticed Khilāfat is not needed. Only Ṣadr Muḥammad Husain Shah, that Ḥ a ḍ rat Khawā jah Anjuman should control the whole Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī, Suleiman (mercy of Allāh be on Jamā‘at and if a Khalīfah is needed he Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn, and him) was utterly devoted to the should be like an employee of Dr. Mirzā Ya‘qūb Baig. It Holy Qur’ān. I love him dearly. Anjuman but not as head of all the stated: ‘In accordance with the He served as Khalīfah for Jamā‘at and Anjuman. They kept on instructions of the Promised seventy-eight years and he was trying to convince people on this Messiah (may peace be on him) appointed when he was twenty- throughout the life of Ḥaḍrat as recorded in Al-Waṣiyyat, we two. Remember this matter; I Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be the Aḥmadīs whose signatures have stated it for a special pleased with him). They were not, at are subscribed below, are fully reason and purely for your any cost, willing to accept Mirzā satisfied with a truthful heart, benefit.” (Badr, July 27, 1910) Maḥmūd (may Allāh be pleased with that the first among the him) as Khalīfah. In the following, we immigrants, Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm 10) In 1911, when he fell ill, he will describe, how strongly, Khalīfah Maulawī Nūruddīn, who is wrote a testament and handed it over of the time fought against their efforts more knowledgeable and more to one of his pupils. He wrote: and preserved Khilāfat. righteous than all of us, and is “Khalīfah: Maḥmūd.” Upon recovery, the most sincere and oldest he tore this paper up, which had been 1.10.2.1 Sayings—up to the Second friend of our holy leader and sealed. Khilāfat of Those Who Did Not Take whom he has determined to be 11) On March 4, 1914, Ḥaḍrat the Pledge of Khilāfat a model for all of us, as in his Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be couplet: How fortunate would it pleased with him) felt very weak. He It is narrated by Ḥaḍrat Maulawī be if everyone of the asked for a pen and ink and wrote the Sayyid Sarwar Shah (may Allāh be Community were Nūruddīn, So following testament for his successor: pleased with him) that: would it be if everyone were

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 23 filled with the light of faith. It is All those present, whose the Holy Prophet (may peace therefore incumbent that, in the number is mentioned above, and blessings of Allāh be on name of Aḥmad (may peace be unanimously accepted him as him), and also that the on him), all Aḥmadīs who are Khalīfatul Masīḥ. This letter is attainment of the treasures of Aḥmadīs now and those who for the information of all Roman and Persian emperors join later, take a pledge. The members of the Jamā‘at. On by Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be sayings of Ḥaḍrat Maulawī receiving this message, all pleased with him) amounted to Ṣāḥib should bear the same members of the Jamā‘at should, the victory of the Holy Prophet value as the sayings of the personally or through letter, (may peace and blessings of Promised Messiah (may peace take Bai‘at of Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīmul- Allāh be on him) over these be on him).’” (Badr, June 2, Ummat, Khalīfah of the Masīḥ empires, then why do they not 1908) and Mahdī. (Al-Ḥakam, and wait that some of the Badr, June 2, 1908) prophecies of the Promised After the demise of the Promised Messiah (may peace be on him) Messiah (may peace be on him), the At the end of 1913, the following be fulfilled by his successors, whole Jamā‘at accepted Ḥaḍrat announcement was made under the sincere devotees, or Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn (may Allāh signature of Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī, progeny.” (Al-Ḥakam, July 18, be pleased with him) the Khalīfah and Maulawī Ṣadr Din, and Sayyid 1908, vol. 12, p. 42) took the pledge of allegiance. Muḥammad Husain Shah: Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn, in his In December, 1914, Khawājah capacity as the Secretary of Ṣadr The whole Jamā‘at is his Kamāl-ud-dīn made a speech on “The Anjuman Aḥmadiyya, made the follower [i.e., of Ḥaḍrat Reasons for the Internal Controversy following announcement on behalf of Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh in Aḥmadiyya Community,” in which all members of the Anjuman: be pleased with him)] and all he said: members of the Executive “Before the funeral Prayers of Committee [of Ṣadr Anjuman “When I took the pledge, I the Promised Messiah (may Aḥmadiyya] are under a pledge stated that I would obey him peace be on him) were offered, of allegiance to him and are and would also obey the future in accordance with Al-Waṣiyyat most obedient to him. Khulafā’.” (Reasons for the of the Promised Messiah (may (Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ, December 4, Internal Controversy in peace be on him) and in 1913) Aḥmadiyya Community, p. 70) consultation with the leaders of the Ṣadr Anjuman Aḥmadiyya, It was also stated by these leaders From all these statements of those relatives of the Promised that: who did not pledge allegiance to the Messiah (may peace be on him) Khalīfah during the second Khilāfat, it and with the permission of the “Pledge of allegiance was in no is clear that: Mother of the Faithful, the way contradictory to Al- entire Jamā‘at numbering Waṣiyyat; indeed, it was exactly • They agreed that the Jamā‘at about 1,200, took a pledge at in accordance with could not be established on firm the hands of the most honored, it.” (Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ, April 19, grounds without Khilāfat. Pilgrim of the Holy Places, the 1914) • They understood from the respected Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn. The following A few days after the demise of the writings of the Promised Messiah respected personages were Promised Messiah (may peace be on (may peace be on him) in Al- among those present at the him), on June 21st, 1908, Maulawī Waṣiyyat that there must be a occasion: Muḥammad ‘Alī made a speech in Khalīfah. Lahore in which he said: • The election of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Ḥaḍrat Maulānā Sayyid Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased Muḥammad Ahsan, Ṣāḥibẓādah “When in the authentic books with him) was exactly in Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd of these people, Ḥaḍrat Abū accordance with Al-Waṣiyyat. Aḥmad, Nawwāb Muḥammad Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be • Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may ‘Alī, Sheikh Raḥmatullah, pleased with him) is regarded Allāh be pleased with him) was a Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī, Dr. as the successor to the Holy righteous Imām whose obedience Mirzā Ya‘qūb Baig, Dr. Sayyid Prophet (may peace and was obligatory and his sayings Muḥammad Husain Shah, blessings of Allāh be on him) amounted to the sayings of the Khalīfah Rashid-ud-Din, and and it is clearly admitted that Promised Messiah (may peace be the most humble Khawājah the killing of Musailmah in the on him). They believed in the Kamāl-ud-dīn. presence of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr coming of future Khulafā’ after Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Continuing this statement with him) amounted to his Allāh be pleased with him). Khwaja Ṣāḥib said: being killed in the presence of

Page 24 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 • They believed that many the beliefs and doctrines of the “I have firm faith in Allāh, that prophecies would be fulfilled at Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamā‘at in an this holy personage, Maulawī the hands of future Khulafā’. effort to discontinue the institution of Nūruddīn, who has been Khilāfat in the Jamā‘at. To block the bestowed the title of “Khalīfatul • All the leaders admonished all election of a Khalīfah to whom Masīḥ,” and who alone is members of the Jamā‘at old and everyone would pledge allegiance, the worthy of that title in a true new to take the pledge of idea was put forward that even if an sense, has been granted to us by allegiance. Amīr or a Khalīfah was elected, taking Allāh for fulfilling our spiritual Bai‘at at his hand would not be needs. This is the holy, 1.10.3 Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II’s obligatory; only new Aḥmadīs who unselfish, personage with full (may Allāh be pleased with him) Belief join the Jamā‘at would have to take trust in Allāh that has no match in Khilāfat the pledge. On March 15, 1914 an in today’s world. There is no essay was written. It may be noted one in our Jamā‘at of his Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad that the revered speaker used the term spiritual status, knowledge and (may Allāh be pleased with him) was “Ahl-i-Paighām,” which has been understanding. If Allāh so wills, chosen as Khalīfah when Anjuman adopted here as “Aḥmadiyya Anjuman He can create thousands of Ishā‘at-i-Islām, Lahorī group was Ishā‘at-i-Islām” for the convenience of such people, but I speak only of trying its best to end Khilāfat in the the readers. Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī what exists now. His knowledge Jamā‘at and make Ṣadr Anjuman as was printed under the caption “An and cognizance is so high, that the ultimate power in Jamā‘at and Important Announcement.” He wrote: we all would bow our heads to Khalīfah as no more than one of its him even if we had not taken employees. This was not in accordance “The second matter to which I the pledge of allegiance. But, for with the teachings of the Holy Qur’ān. would like to draw the attention the strength of the Jamā‘at, the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh of friends is that there is no will of Allāh inspired all of us to be pleased with him) fought with all injunction or testament issued develop a spiritual bond with those who were against the Khilāfat of by the Promised Messiah (may this holy and unselfish the Promised Messiah (may peace be peace be on him) which would personage present among us at on him) and who in order to enforce require that those who have the demise of the Promised their point of view, even tried to lower joined the Jamā‘at by taking Messiah (may peace be on him). the rank of the Promised Messiah pledge at the hands of Promised His election was not decided (may peace be on him) from a Nabī to Messiah (may peace be on him) just by forty; rather the heads of a Mujadid or Ṣūfī for whom there is no should take a pledge at the the entire Jamā‘at bowed to need of Khilāfat. In the following, we hands of someone him. About fifteen hundred discuss how Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām else.” (Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ, March members took Bai‘at at the tried their negative propaganda 15, 1914) same time—not a single one, during the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat male or female, remained Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be This statement of Maulawī Ṣāḥib outside the pledge.” (Ibid.) pleased with him). was in contradiction to his own professed belief. At the demise of the It is obvious that this 1.10.3.1 Initial Point of View of the Promised Messiah (may peace be on interpretation actually contradicted Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām him), all of the Jamā‘at considered it the position adopted by the incumbent to take a pledge at the Aḥmadiyya Anjuman i-Ishā‘at-i- Islām After the demise of Ḥaḍrat hands of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I rather than supporting it, since it Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be (may Allāh be pleased with him). pointed out that the first point of pleased with him) on March 13, 1914, Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī gave a new complete agreement was on the the Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i- interpretation to the following appointment of one person as a Islām tried to bring about a change in decision: Khalīfah to whom submission would

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 25 be due from everyone. This was binding and no one would have the This was the first session which exactly according to the will of Allāh. right to instruct it or to reject its took place after the demise of After about one month, the decisions. On March 22, 1914, the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Aḥmadiyya Anjuman i-Ishā‘at-i- Islām Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām Allāh be pleased with him)…In came out with a new version of their expressed their disagreement with short, it included five members interpretation. In a long essay Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh who have not taken the pledge entitled: “Open Letter to Maulawī be pleased with him) on this point in of allegiance to the second Sher ‘Alī,” Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ writes: the following words: Khilāfat, and seven who have taken the pledge or are close “For the sake of God, avoid “As regards the Ṣadr Anjuman relatives. They did what they blind faith. If we say that Aḥmadiyya, he [Ḥaḍrat wanted. Even matters not Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh included in the agenda were Allāh be pleased with him) did be pleased with him)] wants to approved in a dictatorial not follow Al-Waṣiyyat or that keep complete control with manner. Some members the Jamā‘at made a mistake, it himself. We disagree with that objected and wanted to have does not take anything away because the Promised Messiah their disagreement noted but it from their holiness. Human (may peace be on him) has was not noted. These events beings do commit such regarded the Anjuman as the foretell what was about to mistakes. The Jamā‘at or vicegerent of the Khalīfah happen to the Ṣadr Anjuman respected Maulānā Ṣāḥib did appointed by God and has Aḥmadiyya which is the not do it on purpose.” (Paighām regarded its decisions as final successor to the Khalīfah of -i-Ṣulḥ, April 22, 1914) unless a Ma‘mūr [appointed by God [the Promised Messiah God] cancels them on the basis (may peace be on him)].” The two interpretations show that of a revelation from God.” when one forsakes the truth, he slips The report further stated that: and cannot find firm footing. On On one hand, the Aḥmadiyya March 15, it was stated that the Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām regarded the “Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I election of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I Anjuman as completely independent (may Allāh be pleased with (may Allāh be pleased with him) was and free, and regarded its decisions as him) had directed Maulawī in accordance with Divine will and final and binding. But on the other Sher ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased that his personage was the same as the hand, when they found its decisions to with him) to go to London and personage of the Promised Messiah be at variance with their own repeatedly admonished him to (may peace be on him). But on April doctrines, they made fun of it. On go to England to help Khawājah 22, he did not hesitate to state—in March 22, 1914, Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ Ṣāḥib. But alas! this directive of support of his modified doctrine—that published the report on the first Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may the complete agreement reached by all meeting of the Anjuman after the Allāh be pleased with him) was Aḥmadīs and endorsed by the Ṣadr demise of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I buried along with his body… It Anjuman Aḥmadiyya after the demise (may Allāh be pleased with him) in the may be noted that this of Promised Messiah (may peace be following words: statement constitutes an on him) and in the presence of his admission that the majority of holy body, was contrary to the “Today, a meeting of the Ṣadr the members of the Ṣadr testament of the Promised Messiah Anjuman Aḥmadiyya was held. Anjuman Aḥmadiyya took a (may peace be on him) and that The following were present: pledge of allegiance to the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Ṣāḥibẓādah Mirzā Bashīruddīn second Khalīfah. Maulawī Sher be pleased with him) was a party to Maḥmūd Aḥmad, Mian Bashīr ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with this violation. Aḥmad, Nawwāb Muḥammad him) was deprived of this good ‘Alī, Dr. Mīr Muḥammad deed and the injunction of 1.10.3.2 Changing Point of View of the Ismā‘īl, Dr. Khalīfah Rashīd-ud Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām -Din, Ḥ a ḍ rat Maulawī Allāh be pleased with him) was Muḥammad Aḥsan, Maulawī disobeyed and dishonored. The second doctrine which the Sher ‘Alī ,…Maulawī Innā lillāhi wa innā ilaihi Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām Muḥammad ‘Alī, Sheikh rāji‘ūn. The following members adopted about Khilāfat after the Raḥ matullah, Sayyid could not tolerate the insult demise of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I Muḥammad Husain Shah, Dr . done to the directive of Ḥaḍrat (may Allāh be pleased with him) was Mirzā Ya‘qūb Baig, and Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh that if a Khalīfah or an Amīr is elected, Maulawī Ṣadr Din. Moreover, be pleased with him). Thinking the Ṣadr Anjuman Aḥmadiyya would the written opinions from Mīr that they might be considered not be answerable to him; rather, the Ḥamed Shah and Maulawī responsible for this violation, Anjuman would be independent in its Ghulā m Husain were the following members walked decisions, and its decisions would be presented. out: Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī, final. Its interpretations would be Sheikh Raḥmatullah, Mirzā

Page 26 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Ya‘qūb Baig, Dr. Sayyid Nabī.” has also been only made by Muḥammad Aḥsan. (Paighām-i these people. There is no -Ṣulḥ, April 12, 1914) Then on April 12, 1914, mention of it in Qur’ān, Ḥadīth, addressing Maulawī Sher ‘Alī (may or in previous The above statements of Paighām- Allāh be pleased with him), it writes: scriptures.” (Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ, i-Ṣ ulḥ show an intriguing April 12, 1914) contradiction. On one hand, they “You are making an ordinary regard the Anjuman to be above the statement in contradiction to In brief, the denial of Khilāfat on pledge of allegiance to the Khalīfah the clear statement of a Mursal the part of the Aḥmadiyya Anjuman and regard its decisions as final. But [the one sent by God] and Ishā‘at-i-Islām ended up in their on the other hand, when they find the Ma‘mūr.” denial of Nubuwwat. The words Ẓillī decisions of the Anjuman and Burūzī, which the Promised unacceptable they criticize it and walk However, gradually, under the Messiah (may peace be on him) had out of its meeting. pretext of Ẓillī (reflective) and Burūzī used to describe the high status (spiritual re-appearance), they started granted to him, were used by the 1.10.3.3 Another Change in Point of rejecting the Nubuwwat of the Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām View of the Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Promised Messiah (may peace be on to deny his Nubuwwat. As a matter of Ishā‘at-i-Islām him). On April 12, Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ fact, by using these terms, the gave the following rationale for this Promised Messiah (may peace be on When someone denies a truth, he rejection: him) does not deny his claim of has to deny many other truths. This is Nubuwwat. Rather, they indicate its what happened to the Aḥmadiyya “Al-Fazl says that: ‘According to high status, because the real Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām. Curzon Gazette, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nubuwwat is that of the Holy Prophet Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be (may peace and blessings of Allāh be After the demise of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul on him) was not a Nabī; on him); all other Prophethoods and Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with therefore his son should be his spiritual stages are a reflection of the him), they rejected the truthful successor. This is its mistake. light of Muḥammad (may peace and Islāmic Khilāfat in the Aḥmadiyya Mirzā Ṣāḥib was a Nabī and his blessings of Allāh be on him). The Muslim Jamā‘at. When they were successorship should be settled ultimate cause of the creation of the reminded by those who had taken the in the same manner as it was universe is the Holy personage of the pledge of Khilāfat that: settled for previous Anbiyā’.’ Holy Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allāh be on him). a. Aḥādīth give the title of Nabī to We wanted to write about this According to the Ḥadīth, “The first the Promised Messiah (may issue in detail, but will confine thing that was created was my light,” peace be on him), and ourselves to a short note for the the light of Muḥammad (may peace b. the Promised Messiah (may sake of brevity. The surprise is and blessings of Allāh be on him) was peace be on him) has been that Al-Fazl, in its earlier issue, the first to be created. All other repeatedly addressed by the had accepted that Mirzā Ṣāḥib Prophethoods and spiritual stages of word Nabī in his revelations, is a Ẓillī Nabī but now it perfection were created afterwards. and considers him to be a Prophet However, until the time that the Holy c. Khilāfat is a topic which comes like earlier Prophets. Were all Prophet (may peace and blessings of within the subject of Nubuwwat earlier Anbiyā’ of the same Allāh be on him) himself appeared and nature as Mirzā Ṣāḥib? Were and the complete and perfect teaching d. as declared by Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul they all Prophets by way of was revealed in the Holy Qur’ān, no Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased reflection? The terms Ẓillī and Nabī could become a complete and with him), whatever applies to Burūzī are terms of the orders perfect reflection of the Holy Prophet the original directive would of Ṣūfīsm, not of the order of (may peace and blessings of Allāh be apply to its subordinate matters; the Anbiyā’. Has there been any on him). Therefore, no Nabī was they started rejecting the Nabī who called himself a Ẓillī called a Ẓillī Nabī. But when the Holy Nubuwwat of the Promised Messiah or Burūzī Nabī? Did any Nabī Prophet (may peace and blessings of (may peace be on him). add such qualifications to his Allāh be on him) himself appeared Nubuwwat? Did any Nabī draw and the complete and perfect teaching In the beginning, they did not a distinction between Anbiyā’ was revealed in the Holy Qur’ān, then dare to do so openly. Rather, they on the basis of concepts like the being who completely lost his own continued to use the term Nabī in permanent, non-permanent, identity in submission to the Holy mentioning the Promised Messiah partial, dependent, law-bearing, Prophet (may peace and blessings of (may peace be on him). For example non-law-bearing, defective or Allāh be on him) was declared to be on March 22, 1914, Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ perfect Prophethood? The complete reflection of the Holy writes: terms Ẓillī and Burūzī, are Prophet (may peace and blessings of terms of Ṣūfīsm. The distinction Allāh be on him) and was deemed fit “We belong to the followers of a between law bearing Anbiyā’ for the title of Ẓillī Nabī.

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 27 The earlier Anbiyā’—since they that since we accept the Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be were only partial reflection of the Holy Promised Messiah (may peace pleased with him) presented another Prophet (may peace and blessings of be on him) as a Nabī, then how way to resolve the matter: Allāh be on him)—did not deserve that can we reject his verdict. (A title. Allā humma ṣ alli ‘alā Muslim is one who accepts all “If all the statements written by Muḥ ammadin wa ‘alā ā le the ones appointed by Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī, prior Muḥammadin wa bārik wa sallim God.)” (Al-Ḥakam, May 14, to the split, pertaining to the innaka ḥamīdun-majīd. [Bless O 1911) subject of Nubuwwat are Allāh, Muḥammad and his progeny collected together, I will sign and prosper him and grant him peace. 1.10.4 Oath of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul them and will state that to be Thou art Praiseworthy and Glorious!] Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with my belief.” (Al-Fazl, October 9, him) to Settle the Controversy 1928) 1.10.3.4 Point of View of the First and Second Khalīfah There is scope for controversies “This offer was a very powerful and verbal hair-splitting in matters of strike upon the changed The editor of Badr narrates the debates and rhetoric. But Ḥaḍrat doctrines of Maulawī Ṣāḥib. Up following: Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be to his death he could not pleased with him) offered to the respond to it. Then in 1944, in a “It was mentioned that Maulawī Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām a conclusive argument for the Muḥammad Ḥusain has written method of settlement which could Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i- that if the Aḥmadīs stop calling quickly lead to the right decision. In Islām, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ Mirzā Ṣāḥib as Nabī he would 1915, he took an oath that Allāh’s II (may Allāh be pleased with retract his edict of “Kufr.” chastisement be upon the liar and him) challenged Maulawī Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may then stated the following: Muḥammad‘ Ali to a prayer Allāh be pleased with him) said: duel and also added that We are not concerned about “I speak in the name of God, Maulawī Ṣāḥib would never their edicts; and what is their Who controls my life, Who can accept that challenge.” (Furqān, worth? Ever since Maulawī render chastisement, Who is Qādiān, June 1944) Muḥammad Ḥusain has issued going to cause me to die, Who is his edict, he can see himself Living, All-Powerful, Who The statement on oath given by how deep his honor has sunk, rewards and punishes as He Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh and how much honor has been wills, and Who raised the Holy be pleased with him) and both the bestowed upon Mirzā Prophet (may peace and methods of settlement offered by him Ṣāḥib.” (Badr, April 13, 1911, p. blessings of Allāh be on him) are a clear and conclusive proof that 2) for the guidance of the world. I he held the same belief about the declare on oath, taking God as Nubuwwat of the Promised Messiah On the occasion of Jalsa Sālāna my witness, that when Ḥaḍrat (may peace be on him) before and [Annual Convention], Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṣāḥib was alive, I after the split, and it did not undergo Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh considered him to be a Nabī in any change. Rather, those outside the be pleased with him) addressed the same sense in which I pledge to Khilāfat, changed their the audience as following: believe him to be now. I also doctrines after the split. What they declare on oath that Almighty wrote before the split shows the exact “Tell the whole world clearly Allāh has told me in a vision same belief that those Aḥmadīs hold that this Nabī appeared in that the Promised Messiah who have pledged allegiance to Qādiān and his name was (may peace be on him) is a Khilāfat. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad Nabī. I do not say that all of But after the split, the leader of (may peace be on him). those who have not taken the the group who did not adhere to Following the Holy Qur’ān and pledge of allegiance [to Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat, Maulawī in humble service to the Holy Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat] have bad Muḥammad ‘Alī, writes: Prophet (may peace and character and all in our Jamā‘at “He was a Nabī in the same blessings of Allāh be on him), have good character. But I do sense in which the other he was honored with the title of declare on oath that the beliefs Mujaddidīn of the Ummah can “Aḥmad,” and he was the that we hold are true.” (Al-Fazl, be called Anbiyā’.” (Tract, recipient of revelations from September 23, 1915) Mayray ‘Aqā’id, p. 6) God.” (Badr, January 19, 1911, p. 4) But neither Maulawī Muḥammad He also writes: ‘Alī nor any other member of the He also said: Aḥmadiyya Anjuman Ishā‘at-i-Islām “The kind of Nubuwwat which has ever been able to declare their can be attained in this Ummah “The surprising thing is that belief under oath with such conviction was certainly granted to Ḥaḍrat these people did not consider and sincerity. Then in 1926, Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with

Page 28 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 him).” (An-Nubuwwat fil Islām, on him)—was made after the split, by 521, sub footnote 3). p. 115) Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with From the foot note of This belief which he announced him) and his followers, or whether it Tadhkirah: “The earlier part of after the split, is clearly at variance was made by those who went outside the first revelation has with the clear and forthright the pledge of Khilāfat and especially reference to someone who statements of the Promised Messiah their leader Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī. would at one time have (may peace be on him) : confidence in me and would 1.11 Prophecies of the Promised think well of me and would “In short, I alone have been Messiah (may peace be on him) that later turn away and deny me. honored with so great a share of were fulfilled in the period of This description applies to Divine revelation and of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat Maulawī Muḥammad Ḥussain knowledge of the unseen, as has of Batala who declared such not been bestowed on any of In this section, we will present confidence in me in his review the Auliyā’, Abdāl, and a Quṭb those prophecies of the Promised of Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya that he among the Muslims before me. Messiah (may peace be on him) that was ready to sacrifice his For this reason I alone have came true during the time of parents for my been bestowed the title of Nabī Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. Fulfillment of so sake.” (Ḥaqīqatul-Waḥī, p. 354, and no one else has deserved it many prophecies during the time of footnote). because it imports frequency of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat in itself is a proof revelation and large disclosure that Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat is a true 1.11.2 Prophecy Number 2 of the unseen, a condition Khilāfat, otherwise, God should not which is not fulfilled by any of back this system and show His signs In his announcement of February them.” (Ḥaqīqatul-Waḥī, of victories for Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. 20, 1886, the Promised Messiah Rūḥānī Khazā’in, vol. 22, p. 406 (peace be on him) says: –407) 1.11.1 Prophecy Number 1 Translated from Urdu: “God the Similarly, he writes: Translation of Revelation in Merciful, the Noble, the High, Arabic: “Call to mind when he the Exalted, Who has power to “There have been hundreds of who disbelieved (or declared do all that He wills (glory be to saints by obedience to the Holy thee a disbeliever) said to his Him and exalted be His name) Prophet (may peace and colleague: Prepare a fire, O has vouchsafed to me the blessings of Allāh be on him) Hāmān, so that I might following revelation: and there is also one who is discover the God of Moses (that both an Ummatī and a Nabī. is of this man) and find out how ‘I confer upon thee a Sign of My (Ḥaqīqatul-Waḥī, Rūḥānī does He help him, for I consider mercy according to thy Khazā’in, vol. 22, p. 30)” him to be a liar.” supplications. I have heard thy entreaties and have honored Moreover, the Promised Messiah The Promised Messiah (may thy prayers with My acceptance (may peace be on him) has written: peace be on him) explains: through My mercy and have “This revelation, though in blessed this thy journey. A Sign “So many are the signs granted terms of the past, gives of power, mercy, nearness to to me that even if they are intimation of something that Me is bestowed on thee, a Sign distributed among one will happen in the future.” of grace and beneficence is thousand Anbiyā’, they would awarded to thee and thou art suffice to prove their Translation of Revelation in granted the key of success and truthfulness.” (Chashma-i- Arabic: “The two hands of Abū victory. Peace on thee, O Ma‘rifat, Rūḥānī Khazā’in, vol. Lahab (the father of flames) will victorious one. Thus does God 23, p. 323) perish and so will he perish. It speak so that those who desire The signs are so many that they did not behoove him to enter life may be rescued from the suffice to prove the Nubuwwat of into it except in fear. Whatever grip of death and those who are more than a thousand Anbiyā’; but it afflicts thee is from Allāh.” buried in the graves may is strange indeed that according to emerge there from and so that those outside the pledge to Khilāfat, The Promised Messiah (may the superiority of Islām and the they did not even prove his own peace be on him) explains: “In dignity of God’s word may Nubuwwat. this there is an indication of become manifest unto the Now, all thoughtful and intelligent some evil that will proceed from people and so that truth may people can decide for themselves someone whether in writing or arrive with all its blessings and whether the change in doctrines—in in some other falsehood may depart with all complete variance with the writings of manner.”(Barā h ī n-i- its ills, and so that people may the Promised Messiah (may peace be Aḥmadiyya, part IV pp. 510- understand that I am the Lord

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 29 of Power, I do whatever I will, grow rapidly in stature and will This prediction was also fulfilled and so that they may believe be the means of procuring the during the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat that I am with thee, and so that release of those held in Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh those who do not believe in God bondage. His fame will spread shower His mercy on him). Mr. and deny and reject His religion to the ends of the earth and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, who declared and His Book and His Holy people will be blessed through Aḥmadīs as non Muslim was Messenger Muḥammad, the him. He will then be raised to disgraced and then hanged by Ziaul Chosen One (on whom be his spiritual station in heaven. Haq when he was turning 52. peace) may be confronted with This is a matter a clear Sign and the way of the decreed.’” (Ishtihār, 20 1.11.4 Prophecy Number 4 guilty ones may become February, 1886) manifest. Translated from Urdu: “Over Translated from Urdu: “1891. my claim of being the Promised Rejoice, therefore, that a God Almighty has conveyed to Messiah: ‘…We have set dogs in handsome and pure boy will be me through a sure and certain authority over thee and We bestowed on thee, thou wilt prophecy that out of my have caused wild beasts to be receive a bright youth who will progeny there will be one who incensed at thy words and have be of thy seed and will be of thy will resemble Jesus in many tried thee greatly. So be not progeny. A handsome and pure respects. He will descend from grieved at that which they say. boy will come as your guest. His heaven and will straighten out Thy Lord is on the watch. The name is Emmanuel and Bashīr. the way of the dwellers upon Most Gracious Allāh has He has been invested with a earth. He will set free those who commanded that a great holy spirit, and he will be free are held in bondage and deliver kingdom be bestowed upon His from all impurity. He is the those who are imprisoned in vicegerent, the Sulṭān, and that light of Allāh. Blessed is he who the chains of doubt. treasures be opened under his comes from heaven. He will be [Translation from Persian:] hand. The earth will be lit up accompanied by grace which Son, delight of the heart, high with the light of thy Lord. This shall arrive with him. He will be ranking, noble; [translation is Allāh's grace and it is strange characterized with grandeur, from Arabic:] A manifestation in your eyes. (Izāla Auhām pp. greatness and wealth. He will of the True and the High as if 855-856). come into the world and will Allāh had descended from heal many of their disorders heaven.” (Izāla Auhām pp. 155 - The people in the Government of through his Messianic qualities 156 ) Pakistan are like dogs who always try and through the blessings of the to hurt Aḥmadīs. Hence they are Holy Spirit. He is the Word of This great prophecy was also named as dogs. Allāh for Allāh’s mercy and fulfilled during the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat honor have equipped him with Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be 1.11.5 Prophecy Number 5 the Word of Majesty. He will be pleased with him). He was given extremely intelligent and extraordinary wisdom and with his Prophecies of the Promised understanding and will be meek wisdom, he developed the architecture Messiah (may peace be on him) to be of heart and will be filled with of the Jamā‘at from which we are still fulfilled during Khilāfat that was to secular and spiritual benefitting. follow him: knowledge. He will convert three into four (of this the 1.11.3 Prophecy Number 3 There are so many prophecies meaning is not clear). It is made by the Promised Messiah (may Monday a blessed Monday. Translated from Urdu: “1891. peace be on him), which were to be Son, delight of the heart, high With regard to the death of a fulfilled in his successors’ times, which ranking, noble; a manifestation certain person, Allāh revealed themselves are a kind of proof of of the First and the Last, a to me through the value of the legitimacy of the institution of manifestation of the True and letters of the alphabet that the Khilāfat. In the following, I mention a the High; as if Allāh has date was comprised in the few of these prophecies. descended from heaven. His words of the revelation advent will be greatly blessed (Arabic): He is a dog and he will Translated from Urdu: “1891. I and will be a source of die according to the value of the saw in a vision that I was manifestation of Divine letters in the word dog; which standing on a pulpit in the city Majesty. Behold a light cometh, amounts to fifty-two. This of London and was setting forth a light anointed by God with the means that his age will not the truth of Islām in the English perfume of His pleasure. We exceed fifty-two years and that language, in a very well shall pour Our spirit into him he will die within the course of reasoned address. Thereafter, I and he will be sheltered under his fifty second year.” (Izāla caught several birds who were the shadow of God. He will Auhām, pp. 186-187). sitting upon small trees and

Page 30 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 were of white color and their altogether and to show Pharaoh Ali leave them alone and their bodies resembled the bodies of and Hāmān and their hosts that helpers and their harvest. The partridges. which they apprehend. We have Holy Prophet (may peace and set dogs in authority over thee blessings of Allāh be on him) I interpreted this vision as and We have caused wild beasts advised me to be steadfast and meaning that though I would to be incensed at thy words and to refrain from getting involved not be able to travel to that have tried thee greatly. So be with those people. He told me country but that my writings not grieved at that which they that I was in the right but that it will be published there and say. Thy Lord is on the watch. would be better not to address many righteous English people The Most Gracious Allāh has them. By their harvest is meant will accept the truth.” (Izāla commanded that a great the followers of the divines who Auhām, pp. 515-516). kingdom be bestowed upon His are influenced by their vicegerent, the Sulṭān, and that teachings and whom they have This prophecy speaks for itself. treasures be opened under his been preparing since a long During the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat hand. The earth will be lit up time. Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh with the light of thy Lord. This shower His mercy on him) and Ḥaḍrat is Allāh’s grace and it is strange Then my mind moved towards Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his in your eyes.” (Izāla Auhām pp. the reception of revelation and helper), this prophecy was fulfilled in 855-856). God disclosed to me that one of a very elegant way and God knows, for my opponents said [translation how many more years a Khalīfah of Now everyone understands that from Arabic:] ‘Leave me free to Promised Messiah (may peace be on the Governments of Pakistan, who kill Moses;’ and by Moses he him) has to stand on podium or pulpit declared Aḥmadīs Non-Muslims and meant me. I saw this dream at to announce and spread the message who brought ordinances to quell the 2.20 A.M., and it was the of the Promised Messiah (may peace Jamā‘at, they are symbolically called morning of Wednesday. Allāh be on him). dogs here because they tried their best be praised for all this. (Ā’ina to bite us. Kamālāt-i-Islām, pp. 218-219, 1.11.6 Prophecy Number 6 footnote) 1.11.8 Prophecy Number 8 Translated from Urdu: “1891. 1.11.9 Prophecy Number 9 With regard to the death of a Translated from Urdu: “7 certain person, Allāh revealed December 1892. I saw in my Translated from Urdu: “21 to me through the value of the dream that I had become December 1902. On the night letters of the alphabet that the Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be between Dec. 21 and 22 which date was comprised in the pleased with him). I felt as if I was the first night of the last ten words of the revelation was the very same. It is one of nights of Ramaḍān, I received (Arabic): He is a dog and he will the peculiarities of a dream that the revelation [translation from die according to the value of the sometimes a person feels in a Arabic:] ‘A time is coming for letters in the word dog; which dream that he is someone else you which will be like the time amounts to fifty-two. This and thus I felt that I was ‘Alī of Moses.’ means that his age will not Murtaḍā (may Allāh be pleased exceed fifty-two years and that with him) and the situation was During this period of 20 or 25 he will die within the course of that a group of Khawārij was years since I have been the his fifty second year.” (Izāla opposing my Khilāfat, that is to recipient of revelation, the Auhām, pp. 186-187). say, they wished to obstruct my name of Moses has occurred becoming Khalīfah and were several times in the revelation 1.11.7 Prophecy Number 7 creating mischief for that that I have received, but this purpose. Then I perceived that revelation is new. I have not Translated from Urdu: “We the Holy Prophet (may peace received it before.” (Al-Ḥakam, intend to send down upon thee and blessings of Allāh be on Vol. VI, No. 46, Dec. 24, 1902, certain mysteries from heaven him) was close to me and said pp. 11 - 14) and to crush thy enemies out of kindness and affection: O

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 31 1.11.10 Prophecy Number 10 1.11.12 Prophecy Number 12 would be necessary that in a public gathering I should set Translated from Urdu: “19 Translated from Urdu: “1882. forth my reasoning in a detailed January 1903. I saw in my On page 242 of Barāhīn-i- speech, and should refute all dream that I was standing on Aḥmadiyya the revelation is their charges and should try to the bank of the Nile and I was mentioned: …This was followed clear up all their doubts that accompanied by a large number by the revelation [translation agitate their minds and if they of Banī Israel. I felt that I was from Arabic:] ‘Enlarge thy should still persist in calling me Moses and that we were fleeing. house.’ This means clearly that a Kāfir I should enter into a When I looked back I saw that the day is coming when the Mubāhilah with them.” (Ā’ina Pharaoh was pursuing us with a number of visitors will multiply Kamālāt-i-Islām pp. 256-257). large host and that they were so much that it would be fully equipped with horses and difficult to meet everyone and I 1.11.14 Prophecy Number 14 carriages and chariots. He had was warned that I should not approached close to us and my then be annoyed nor tired of Translated from Urdu: companions, the Banī Israel, meeting them. Holy is Allāh, “December 1892. The revelation were much perturbed and many how grand is this prophecy that I have received granting of them had lost heart and cried which was conveyed to me permission for a Mubāhilah is out aloud: Moses, we are seventeen years ago when only as follows [translation from caught. At this I cried out in a two or three people came to Arabic:] ‘God has looked at thee loud voice [translation from visit me and that also with a fragrant look. They have Arabic:] ‘Never, my Lord is with infrequently. What a wonderful said: Will you appoint in it one me. He will show me the way.’ proof this is of God’s knowledge who will work corruption in it? Then I woke up and I was of that which is hidden.” (Sirāj He answered: I know that repeating these words. (Al- Munīr, pp. 63-64) which you do not know. They Ḥakam Vol. VII, No. 4, Jan. 31, say: This is a book which is full 1903, p. 15). There is no doubt that this of disbelief and falsehood. Say prophecy we also see fulfilled every to them: Come, let us call our 1.11.11 Prophecy Number 11 day. On every Jalsa, so many guest sons and you call your sons, come that we have to enhance the and let us call our women and Translated from Urdu: “Keep in accommodation and other you call your women, and let us mind when the one who will arrangements. In every country call our people and you call declare thee a disbeliever will wherever Khalīfah of the time goes, your people, then let us pray plan against thee and will call there are lines and lines of people fervently for the triumph of the upon Hāmān to light the fire of come to meet him. Every country truth and invoke the curse of persecution saying: I would like where Amīrul-Mo’minīn goes, he has Allāh on those who lie.’” (Ā’ina to discover the God of Moses to meet a lot of people individually Kamālāt-i-Islām, pp. 263-265) though I consider him a liar. and sometime in big groups. So there Ruined are the two hands of the is no doubt that this prophecy is 1.11.15 Prophecy Number 15 father of flames and ruined is fulfilled throughout the era of he. It did not behoove him to Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. Translated from Urdu: “1892. I intervene in this matter but in have been directed that I should fear. Whatever will afflict thee 1.11.13 Prophecy Number 13 publish the invitation to a will be from Allāh. There will be Mubāhilah, with the book Ā’ina a trial, then be thou steadfast as Translated from Urdu: Kamālāt-i-Islām.” (Maktūbāt-i- were steadfast those of high “December 1892. I have been Aḥmadiyya, Letter to Nawwāb resolve. This trial is from Allāh, told that he who calls a Muslim Muḥammad ‘Alī Khan, dated so that He might love thee with a Kāfir, and despite his Dec. 10, Dec. 1892) a great love; from Allāh, the adhering to the Qibla and Mighty, the Gracious; and affirming the creed and 1.11.16 Prophecy Number 16 bounty that will not be cut off. believing in the doctrines of Your recompense is with Allāh. Islām, does not desist, is Translated from Urdu: Thy Lord will be pleased with himself beyond the pale of “December 1892. Thus the thee and will perfect thy name. Islām. I have, therefore, been permission to enter into It may be that you like commissioned to enter into a Mubāhilah has been accorded something which is harmful for Mubāhilah (prayer duel) with to me. I put down here some of you and it may be that you those who are the leaders in the the revelations which have been dislike something which is campaign of declaring me a received by me as good news better for you. Allāh knows and disbeliever and are called Muftī, along with it. [translation from you know not.” (Arba‘īn, No 3, Maulawī and Muḥaddith and Arabic:] ‘On that day truth will pp. 23 - 29) who have wives and children. It come and will be laid open and

Page 32 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 the losers will incur loss. You and such type of worship of called me a disbeliever have are with Me and I am with you creatures will be prevalent. been put down, all and every and this is known only to those That is the time of the cross and one of them have been seized.’ who possess good sense...We worship of Jesus.’” (Ā’ina This means that those who call shall grant you success a second Kamālāt-i-Islām, pp. 266-269) me a disbeliever shall witness time and shall convert your fear such signs that they will have into security. The moon of the 1.11.17 Prophecy Number 17 no excuse left. The revelation Prophets will come and your indicates that soon some bright affair will become manifest. Translated from Urdu: “1892. sign will be manifested which Allā h will make thy (a) I have been given the will be decisive.” (Rūḥānī countenance cheerful and will definite good news that if any Khazā’in, Vol. 17, p. 77, illumine thy reasoning. Soon opponent of the faith comes Announcement attached to will a son be born to thee and forward against me I shall Ḍamīma Tohfah Golarrviyyah, grace will come close to thee. prevail against him and he will p. 27). My light is near. They ask thee: be humiliated.” (Ā’ina Kamālāt- Whence have you obtained i-Islām, p. 348). History is witness that Pakistan this? Tell them: Allāh is People’s Party and their other wonderful. 1.11.18 Prophecy Number 18 supporters, who declared us non Despair not of the mercy of Muslim in 1974, they were all arrested Allāh. Look at Joseph and his Translated from Urdu: “…Then later on by Zia government and they glory. The time of victory has the revelation came: ‘The were trapped in many cases and arrived and victory is close. Powerful One has manifested accusations and their political careers They will fall into prostration His affair and those who called were destroyed. Mr. Bhutto, party and will supplicate: Lord me a disbeliever have been chairman was also hanged. forgive us, for we were in error. seized.’ The meaning of this, There shall be no blame upon which has been conveyed to me, 1.11.20 Prophecy Number 20 you this day. May Allāh forgive is that soon such powerful signs you; and He is the Most would be shown whereby those Translated from Urdu: “24 Merciful of all those who show who called me a disbeliever August 1903. (a) I saw in a mercy. I was determined to would be so confounded that dream that a cat sought to appoint a vicegerent and so I they would have no way of attack a pigeon of ours and created Adam, who comprises escape left. This is a prophecy would not desist despite our mysteries. We created man on which every reader should repeated efforts to turn it away. the day of promise. remember.” (Rūḥānī Khazā’in, Then I cut off its nose and This means that the Promised Vol. 17, p. 77, Announcement though it was bleeding it still one has appeared at the time attached to Ḍamīma Tohfah persisted in its effort. Then I which had been indicated Golarrviyyah, p. 26). caught hold of it by its neck and through the Holy Prophet (may started rubbing its face on the peace and blessings of Allāh be 1.11.19 Prophecy Number 19 ground but it continued to raise on him) and it had been it, till in the end I said: Let us indicated that at the time of his Translated from Urdu: “3 June hang it.” appearance such and such a 1900. Thereafter, on June 3, (b ) “Then I looked in a mirror people will be on top in their 1900 at 11:30 A.M. I received in a dream; I saw bright and empire and strength, and such the revelation: ‘Those who awe-inspiring face.” [Diary of

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 33 Revelations of the Promised be on him): 1.11.23 Prophecy Number 23 Messiah (may peace be on him), p. 15] Translated from Urdu: “During The Promised Messiah has said: the illness of my son Sharif 1.11.21 Prophecy Number 21 Ahmad, I received the “God has told me that there revelation [translation from would be a great split in my Translated from Urdu: “March Arabic:] Allāh has granted him Movement and mischief makers 1906. A few days ago I had life contrary to expectation. and those who are the slaves of received the revelation Allāh has made him ‘Amīr’ their own desires will depart. [translation from Arabic:] ‘We contrary to the expectation. Do Then God Almighty will put out give thee good news of a boy as you not recognize the All- the split. But those who deserve an addition for thee.’ This Powerful. (This was addressed being cut off, as being might mean that a son might be to his mother.) Your purpose unconnected with the truth and born to Maḥmūd, for addition will be achieved. Allāh is the given to mischief, they will could mean a grandson; or it best guardian and He is the remain cut off. Then there will might be that the fulfillment Most Merciful of all who show be a great uprising, the first might be postponed to some mercy. (Al-Ḥakam, Vol. XI, No. one, and kings will invade other occasion.” (Badr, Vol. II, 19, May 31, p . 3) kings. There will be so much No. 14, April 5, 1906, p. 2) bloodshed that the earth will be Similarly on December 1907, filled with blood. The subjects This prophecy was fulfilled by the Allāh revealed to Ḥaḍrat Promised of a king will also fight fearfully birth of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad, Messiah (may peace be on him): among themselves. There will Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh be universal ruin and shower His mercy on him). Translated from Arabic: “I am destruction. The centre of all with you and with the members this will be Syria. It will be the 1.11.22 Prophecy Number 22 of your family. I shall bear your time of my Promised son. God burden.” has decreed these events in “January 1907. Translated from connection with him. Arabic: ‘Soon I shall honor…’ Translated from Urdu: “I am Thereafter our Movement will with you and with your dear spread and kings will become Translated from Urdu: ‘I saw in ones.” members of the Movement. my dream my son Sharif Translated from Arabic: “I am (Tadhkirah-tul-Mahdī, part II, Ahmad, who was wearing a with you, O Masroor (happy p. 3). turban and there were two men one).” standing near him. One of them This is a great prophecy. After the pointing to him said: Here (Al-Ḥakam, Vol. XI, No. 46, demise of the Promised Messiah (may comes the King; and the other December 24, 1907, p. 4) peace be on him), Lahorī Jamā‘at was one said: He has yet to be Qāḍī made by some people mainly due to first. Qāḍī means judge and it I think there is no need to explain their ego. This caused a division in the also means one who supports these prophecies; these speak for Jamā‘at. The first part of the the truth and refutes themselves. Allāh Ta‘ālā gave us a revelation alludes to these incidents. falsehood.’” (Al-Ḥakam, Vol. X, Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Then the second part of the No. 1, January 10, 1907, p. 1) Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper), who prophecy is about World War II, in is the grandson of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Sharīf which countries fought against Then on May 1907, Allāh revealed Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with countries and each country’s people to the Promised Messiah (may peace him). Alḥamdu lillahe Rabil Ālamīn. were also divided as to which group

Listening to the Friday Sermon

The Holy Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allāh be on him) said: “When it is a Friday, the angels stand at the gate of the mosque and keep on writing the names of the persons coming to the mosque in succession according to their arrivals. The example of the one who enters the mosque in the earliest hour is that of one offering a camel (in sacrifice). The one coming next is like one offering a cow and then a sheep and then a chicken and then an egg respectively. When the Imām comes out (for Friday Prayer) they (that is angels) fold their papers and listen to the sermon.” (Bukhārī)

Page 34 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 they should support. All this symbolic word. His enemies disturbed 1.12 Conclusion happened during the Khilāfat of him when he was in Rukū’ and in his Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh Sujūd too. Hence, in these verses, My dear blessed brothers and be pleased with him). instead, the general nature of his sisters, as is mentioned in the essay enemies is described that they were that whenever God wants His glory in 1.11.24 Prophecy Number 24 enemies of his Prayers. These verses, this world, He creates an Adam as at the same time, are also warning for Khalīfah. Today, again He gave us an Finally, we present a prophecy people of future that they should not Adam, whose name is Mirzā Masroor which was even mentioned in the Holy repeat this mistake. Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper), Qur’ān and it was to happen at the But in 1984, our pious Imām Who is the Khalīfah of this time. Now time of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. In Sūrah Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, Khalīfatul the order of Allāh is to prostrate ‘Alaq Allāh says: Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His before him which means that we need mercy on him) and behind him to be completely obedient to him and “Hast thou seen him who Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya was also standing become his support. That is the only forbids?” for Prayers. But the dictator of the way we can succeed and that is the “A servant of Ours when he time General Zia ul Haq, imposed an only way religion will be revived. May prays?” ordinance to stop our Prayers. Not Allāh enable us to do so, Āmīn. “Tell me if he (Our servant) only he tried to stop our Prayers but Allā humma ṣ alli ‘alā follows the guidance” exactly the same way as described in Muḥ ammadin wa ‘alā ā le “Or enjoins righteousness, what these verse, he shouted to our Imām Muḥammadin wa bārik wa sallim will be the end of the and Jamā‘at that if you think you are innaka ḥamīdun-majīd [O Allāh, bless forbidder?” godly people, you should call your God Muḥammad and his people and “Tell me if he (the forbidder) for your help because I am going to prosper him and grant him peace; rejects and turns his back,” destroy you all. I see that you all are Thou art Praiseworthy and Glorious]. “Does he not know that Allāh liars and non Muslims. It is very sees him?” interesting that in the Sūrah, God “Nay, if he desist not, We will replied to him, that you proud of your assuredly seize and drag him by army, so you bring your army forces to the forelock,” destroy my people (Remember Zia “A forelock lying, sinful.” was also a Chief of Pakistan army), but “Then let him call his I (Allāh) am coming with my army of associates,” angels to destroy you. So do whatever “We too will call Our angels of you can, I (Allāh), will grab your punishment who will thrust forehead—the forehead which is lying him into Hell.” and sinful—and I will destroy you. (The Holy Qur’ān, 96 [Al- My dear brothers and sisters, in ‘Alaq]:10-19) these verses, symbolically, all that mentioned happened in 1984. We This is a great prophecy in the should understand that the Holy Holy Qur’ān, which was fulfilled Qur’ān is not a story book that it during the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat would state that there will be a Mirzā Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh Ṭāhir Ahmad, Khalīfah of the time, shower His mercy on him). Almost all and there will be a Zia ul Haq and so commentators of the Holy Qur’ān on. Instead, the Holy Qur’ān agree that, sometimes in the Holy mentioned all the venue and left it to Qur’ān, some incident is mentioned, the readers to think about and if we which has happened in the past but think about it, then there is no way with that is attached an advice to the out, other than to accept the validity of Ummah that they should not repeat the incidents. the same mistakes which previous On a personal note, I would like people did. Exactly the same situation to add here that in the life of respected is here. There is no doubt that Sheikh Mubarak Ahmad Ṣāḥib, once, primarily this incident is about our when I mentioned these verses to him Holy Prophet Muḥammad (may peace with these comments, he was very and blessings of Allāh be on him), to much excited and said I fully agree whom enemies tried to stop when he with you. There is no doubt that the stood up for prayers. There is no prophecy described in the Holy Qur’ān specific incident mentioned in this was fulfilled in our age. Sūrah that when Kuffār tried to stop him and also it should be clear that word when he stands is also a

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 35 Publications of Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA

Letter to a Dear One Sir Muḥammad Ẓafrullā Khān

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Page 36 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Color Ṣalāt Poster

Arabic text, English transliteration and English translation are set in different colors for easy identification. Color pictures are included to identify different postures. This 18"x24" cardboard poster can be framed or displayed in mosques, homes, and in public buildings. $2.

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 37 The Need of Khilāfat Today, Its Blessings, and How They are Manifested Through Taḥrīkāt of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat Rizwan Jattala, Inland Empire, CA (1st Place Essay in Khuddām Category—Khilāfat Centenary Essay-writing Competition)

As mankind has progressed In Islām, the aspect of Khilāfat is grace and bounty of Allāh, we live in a through history, God has sent an essential principle in which the time where the Almighty God has once messengers to spread His message. Khalīfah is an instrument by which again fulfilled His promise by These messengers have in turn told Allāh has designed to fulfill his transforming the long state of fear and people of the divine message and promise regarding the final exultation uncertainty into ever-lasting state of through this, Allāh has communicated of Islām. Therefore, Khilāfat is divine security which has been promised. with His creation. To preserve the guidance from Allāh and whosoever Within the second manifestation teachings of Islām after the Holy disobeys the Khalīfah, in reality, is through the Promised Messiah (may Prophet (may peace and blessings of directly disobeying God Almighty. peace be on him) and the institution Allāh be on him), Allāh has sent the Khilāfat is an institution that is so of Khilāfat among the Aḥmadiyya institution of Khilāfat to lead the powerful and only Allāh controls it. Muslim Community, we have believers on Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm. Unfortunately, today, tensions witnessed the fulfillment of Allāh's Without a Khalīfah, there would be no between sects in the Muslim Ummah promise in our own time. The unity among the believers and the true are rising because of the lack of unity, Promised Messiah (may peace be on religion would therefore become which could have been provided by him) said in his book Al-Waṣiyyat: corrupt. Allāh, in the Holy Qur’ān, has system of Khilāfat. It is sad to see that mentioned establishing unity all over the Muslim Ummah sees Aḥmadiyyat, “You should not grieve over the world through Khilāfat in the sees how the Jamā‘at is progressing, what I have told you…for you following verse: how it is unified by Khilāfat-i- are destined to see the second Aḥmadiyya, and still rejects it. The Manifestation of God’s power as Aḥmadiyya Muslim Community has well. The coming manifestation an institution of Khilāfat that brings will be better for you, for it unity to all its members from all over would be everlasting. When I go the world. Through this Khalīfah, away, Allāh will send you the there is peace, harmony, and the second manifestation and it will further strengthening of unity all over stay with you forever.” (Al- the world and is continuing on strong. Waṣiyyat, p. 6). In a Ḥadīth, the Holy Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn on him) is reported to have said: Maḥmūd Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with him) has “Prophethood shall remain stated the importance of Khilāfat among you as long as Allāh many a times. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be shall will. He will bring about pleased with him) has in one instance “Allāh has promised to those its end and follow it with said: among you who believe and do Khilāfat on the precepts of good works that He will surely Prophethood for as long as He “Therefore, O the Jamā‘at of make them Successors in the shall will and then bring about believers! And O those who do earth, as He made its end. A tyrannical monarchy good deeds! I tell you that Successors from among those will then follow and will remain Khilāfat is a great divine who were before them; and that as long as Allāh shall will and blessing, therefore, give it due He will surely establish for then come to an end. There will respect. So long as many among them their religion which He follow thereafter monarchial you will remain steadfast on has chosen for them; and that despotism to last as long as Īmān and will be persisting in He will surely give them in Allāh shall will and come to an doing good deeds, God will exchange security and end upon His decree. There will continue granting you this peace after their fear: They will then emerge Khilāfat on blessing. But if the majority worship Me, and they will not precept of Prophethood.” The among you is divested of Īmān associate anything with Me. Holy Prophet (may peace and and good deeds, then it is up to Then whoso is ungrateful after blessings of Allāh be on him) God that he keeps this blessing that, they will be the said no more. (Musnad Aḥmad) for your or terminates it. rebellious.” (The Holy Qur’ān, Therefore, it is not the question 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) With the universally-extensive of Khalīfah being corrupt. It

Page 38 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 will be confiscated when you No ill wisher can harm Khilāfat riots and chaos. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be will become corrupt. Therefore and Jamā‘at will make progress his helper) has said: do not be ungrateful to God of in a grandiose manner that this Blessing… Do not be like divine promise will be fulfilled “I would like to condemn those who are broken, botched, and Khilāfat will sat in the unreservedly the behavior of and failed people who rejected Jamā‘at for a thousand years to some of the newspapers Khilāfat. Rather you always come.” (The Weekly Badr, portraying the Holy Prophet of remain busy in prayers that the Qādiān, July 1st, 1982). Islām, Muḥammad (may peace representatives of God’s second and blessings of Allāh be on Manifestation may keep on However, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ him), in an offensive and coming among you so that his IV (may Allāh shower His mercy on uncouth manner.” Dīn (faith) may be established him) also mentioned that Ḥaḍrat on firm footing, and Satan may Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may Allāh be pleased Aḥmadīs are using Jihād of the be disappointed of tinkering with him) once said (regarding the pen to respond to the hurtful cartoons. into it for ever.” (Khilāfat-i- continuation of Khilāfat) that: This is the blessing of Khilāfat that Rāshida, Hiṣār, Hadi Ali one sees in these times; a leader who Chaudhry, p. 11) “There are days the end of guides a nation through harsh times which I do not see myself but with peaceful alternatives. These This preceding excerpt of Ḥaḍrat surviving. At such times, I riots show how important Khilāfat is Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may Allāh be pleased recognize that my task is to because the Muslim Ummah has no with him) discusses both the continue working for as long as central leader to guide them. Thus the importance of Khilāfat as well as its I have life in me. After I am media portrays Muslims in such a Blessings. From this excerpt, we must gone, God will bring someone manner that the rest of the world realize that we cannot take Khilāfat for else. My concern is only begins to harbor baseless stereotypes granted. It is purely a blessing of Allāh towards discharging the duty and notions of Muslims because of the and if we do not safeguard our faith assigned to me. It is not my actions of only a miniscule percentage and good deeds, it will be Allāh’s place to worry about what of the population. choice whether to keep this blessing would happen after me. This is The Promised Messiah (may amongst us or terminate it. We should God’s own project, and He will peace be on him) has said: pray that may Allāh keep showing the make it move second manifestation of Khilāfat. forward.” (Swāneḥ Faḍl-i- “The time has come for the re- Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may ‘Umar by Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir establishment of the glory of Allāh shower His mercy on him) has Aḥmad, p 53) the one complete and living said regarding Khilāfat: religion of Islām, which is the In today’s challenging and reason of my coming. I can “After the sad demise of the difficult times, the Muslim majority is affirm with total conviction that Promised Messiah (may peace suffering and giving the wrong Allāh, the Almighty, has be on him), the light which God message of Islām because they have decided to erase other religions had sent was not snuffed out. no system of Khilāfat or a system of and to grant Islā m The Promised Messiah (may unity for that matter. Due to their predominance and strength. peace be on him) passed away misguidance, they are suffering, their There is no one who can but the light kept shining and is actions have become uncharacteristic challenge this will of God.” continually illuminating the to Islāmic values and ideals, and they environment. It is showing the are inept to their wrong actions. In The blessings of Khilāfat are not true path to men as well as recent times, hurtful cartoons of the only limited to the bond between the women. Its rays are being Holy Prophet (may peace and Khalīfah and the faithful. The reflected through his Khulafā’. blessings of Allāh be on him) have definition of “blessings” is also the By abandoning his Khulafā’, enraged many Muslims. Riots and actions taken by the Khalīfah that there is neither light nor real other precarious demonstrations are have made the Jamā‘at stronger and guidance.” (Friday sermon taking place all over the world. Such successful. These include the various published in Monthly Khalid of behavior is sending the wrong Taḥrīkāt of the Khulafā’ of Jamā‘at May 1978) message of Islām to the opponents. Aḥmadiyya. These Taḥrīkāt have been The world is viewing how Muslims are successful for two major reasons: (1) Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, reacting to these cartoons and they are the blessings of Allāh and (2) the Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh looking at the Muslims’ behavior. The obedience of the faithful to the shower His mercy on him) gives glad real blessing of Khilāfat is that during Khalīfah upon Khalīfah’s call. These tidings that: the time of the whole cartoon debacle, Taḥrīkāt will only be successful if we, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul V (may Allāh be his the faithful commit to them and try “In future, there will be no helper) has guided the Aḥmadiyya our level best to advance them. In danger to Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. community to educate people through essence this is a two way street, that Now Jamā‘at has come of age. peaceful alternatives, not through is, to have Allāh’s help guide us to

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 39 success, we have to do something in • Nūr Hospital and Masjid Nūr (may Allāh be pleased with him). The return as well. were inaugurated. blessing of total obedience was seen Allāh Ta‘ālā says in the Holy when Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may • Well known Jamā‘at periodicals Qur’ān: Allāh be pleased with him) became began at this time. These include: Khalīfah and elders of the Jamā‘at “O ye who believe! Obey Allāh, Al Fazal and Nūr from Qādiān, Al were obeying a 25 year old man, even and obey His Messenger and Ḥaque from Delhi, and Paighām-e though there was a minority who those who are in authority -Ṣulḥ from Lahore. strayed away from Jamā‘at. among you. And if you differ in • First foreign mission was Also in the time of Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ anything refer it to Allāh and established in London. Mau‘ūd (may Allāh be pleased with His Messenger, if you are him), Maulānā Sheikh Mubarak believers in Allāh and the Last Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Ahmad was stationed in an African Day. That is best and most Allāh be pleased with him) said: Country and Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd commendable in the end.” (The (may Allāh be pleased with him) sent Holy Qur’ān, 4 [Al-Nisā’]:60) “I declare with all the emphasis out a call to all Aḥmadīs from Qādiān at my command and call Allāh that “Whatever you can do I need Allāh Ta‘ālā also says: to witness that I shall not you...if you can sweep the streets I discard the robe with which He need you.” When the call finally “O ye who believe! respond to has invested me.” (The reached this African country, Maulānā Allāh, and the Messenger when Blessings of Khilāfat, Tommmy Sheikh Mubarak Ahmad went outside he calls you that he may give Bockarie Kallon, p. 5) and began to sweep the street. A you life, and know that Allāh wealthy African man inquired from comes in between a man and Highlights of the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat Maulānā Sheikh Mubarak Ahmad, his heart, and that He it is unto Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad, “Why are you sweeping these streets?” Whom you will be Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be Maulānā Sheikh Mubarak Ahmad gathered.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 8 pleased with him) replied, “My Khalīfah said he needs [Al-Anfāl]:25) people who can do this type of work.” The man then asked “Where is your • Establishment of Foreign These two quotations of the Holy Khalīfah?” Maulānā Sheikh Mubarak Qur’ān directly relate to Taḥrīkāt Aḥmadiyya Missions including Ahmad replied, “In India.” The Man respectively, in terms of obeying the Mauritius, USA, and West African then asked, “Why are you doing this? Khalīfah’s instruction because these countries. Your Khalīfah is all the way in India; Khulafā’ are guided by Allāh. • Foundation stone laid for Faḍl he in not watching you.” Maulānā The blessings the Jamā‘at has Mosque, London. Sheikh Mubarak Ahmad replied, received from Allāh by way of the • Naẓārats of Ṣadr Anjuman “Allāh is watching me”. Taḥrīkāt by Khulafā’ can be Aḥmadiyya were set up (1919). This incident, though loosely considered very hard to list. Some of • Auxiliary Organizations of paraphrased, sheds light on the these blessings include the following. obedience the Jamā‘at members have Jamā‘at were formally set up. • for their Khalīfah. However, it is the Highlights of the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat al The institutions of Taḥrīk-i-Jadīd trust the Khalīfah has in all the -Ḥāj Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn, and Waqf-i-Jadī d were members that enables the Jamā‘at to Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be established. progress. The fact of the matter is that pleased with him) • The center had successfully without trust and without obedience, relocated to Rabwah, while 313 nothing can occur, nothing will • He laid the foundation for the Darveshān remained in Qādiān. succeed. The trust between the institution of Khilāfat. Khalīfah and the faithful and One blessing of Khilāfat in terms obedience to Khilāfat are two matters • English translation of the Holy of obedience is seen during the which must be upheld to the highest Qur’ān. Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd degrees, despite being in harsh times.

Ordering Anṣār Publications

1. Place order at www.amibookstore.us 2. Send payment check to: Anṣār Books, Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, 15000 Good Hope Road, Silver Spring, MD 20905, USA

Page 40 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 This is a test by Allāh and only if the missionaries is not sufficient. tour of Europe and opened many people stay righteous will the Khilāfat The Jamā‘at conceives that the Jamā‘at centers all over Europe. remain. responsibility for guidance and The highpoint of his tour was the advice rests with the inauguration of Masjid Bashārat Highlights of the Khilāfat of the third missionaries. In fact, every in Spain. It was the first Mosque Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat Hāfiẓ Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmadī must discharge the to be built in Spain in 700 years. Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy duty of guidance and correction • The Buyūtul-Ḥamd scheme. The on him) diligently. I have introduced the purpose of this scheme was to scheme of Waqf-i-‘Ārḍī for the provide home for the less affluent. • Faḍl-i-‘Umar Foundation, which purpose of drawing the This scheme was started in was established in memory of attention of the Jamā‘at commemoration of the thanks- Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may Allāh towards this duty, and to giving centenary celebration. develop a desire for Iṣlāḥ-o- be pleased with him) and helped • On January 28, 1983, Ḥaḍrat promote activities of Ḥaḍrat Irshād. In this are both spiritual and physical benefits.” (Majlis-i Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may Allāh be shower His mercy on him) started pleased with him). -Mushāwarat , Al Fazal Nov. 3 1966) the Da‘wat Ilallāh Scheme. The • Nuṣrat Jahān Scheme; its goal purpose of this scheme was to was to establish schools and Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may convey the message of true Islām hospitals in West Africa for the Allāh shower His mercy on him) also amongst the seekers of the truth service of humanity. said: the world over. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh • Centenary Jubilee Scheme. shower His mercy on him) announced the scheme in the • Waqf-i-‘Ārḍī Scheme which was “The Second major benefit of the Waqf-i-‘Ārḍī scheme is that following words: “With this set up for Aḥmadīs to devote their announcement, I caution all time to service of the Jamā‘at. those who wish to join this scheme will have to examine Aḥmadīs of the world that, even if • Majlis Mūṣiyān established. they were not before, but from • their own souls in certain Masjid Aqṣā in Rabwah was aspects. Before they embark on today onward they must become inaugurated. this scheme, their attention is Dā‘ī Ilallāh. The task of expanding • Motto of Aḥmadiyyat “Love for directed towards their own Islām all over the world has extra ordinary requirements and it is a All, Hatred for none” introduced. weaknesses. Thus, they are great responsibility assigned to immediately inclined towards Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at.” One of the blessings of the Waqf-i- prayers. This implies that one ‘Ārḍī Scheme is that Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul of the important preparations • Syednā Bilāl Fund. Masīḥ III (may Allāh shower His for those joining this scheme is mercy on him) saw the need of a their devotion to prayers. They Many of the blessings of Khilāfat program that not only helps with self should start increasing their are found in the time of Ḥaḍrat correction; it is a form of spiritual religious knowledge. And they Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh correction. The interesting notion should take some books along shower His mercy on him). In light of here is that the blessings of Khilāfat when they start off for the the Jamā‘at’s expansion, Ḥuḍūr (may will benefit the faithful. Therefore, scheme. They should think and Allāh shower His mercy on him) those who recognize this blessing will ponder over their weaknesses. immediately realized the challenges of embrace it. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ They should have a desire that the next century and the need for III (may Allāh shower His mercy on when they go to a new place, dedicated people in service of Islām— him) saw the need of self correction to they should set a good example not just the Murabbiyān, but keep people righteous and and not be source of defect. dedicated professions from other implemented this program whose That is why the Waqf-i-‘Ārḍī fields as well. In April 1987, Ḥuḍūr byproduct is to benefit those who groups have benefited from the (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) participate in it. blessings of prayers.” (Al Fazal, announced the extra-ordinary scheme Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may February 12., 1977) of Waqf-i-Nau. Parents were to offer Allāh shower His mercy on him) their unborn children in the service of states: Highlights of the Khilāfat of the fourth Islām. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh shower His Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad mercy on him) said that these little “There is a great need for Waqf- (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) soldiers of Islām would be our gift to i-‘Ārḍī. The fact is that a section the new century. Out of obedience to the call of the Khalīfah, many parents of the Jamā‘at has forgotten • Within six weeks of his have said Labbaik and over 25,000 that the members of the assumption of the Khilāfat children have registered as Wāqifīn-i- Jamā ‘at are also the responsibilities, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Nau. An international system was Murabbiyān or missionaries, Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His devised for the education and training themselves, and the little mercy on him) embarked on a increase in the number of of Wāqifīn-i-Nau which is now in

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 41 place everywhere in Jamā‘at missions bounds. The Jamā‘at was exposed to “When I go away, Allāh will of the world. This scheme is indeed a the West and ever since it has been send you the second blessing of Khilāfat because the spreading in large numbers and manifestation and it will stay Khalīfah was entrusted by Allāh to Inshā’allāh the whole world will open with you forever.” (Al- carry out this scheme and Ḥuḍūr (may its eyes to Aḥmadiyyat. Yet, General Waṣiyyat) Allāh shower His mercy on him) saw Zia’s plans to stop the Aḥmadīs had the time fit, with his wisdom, to been thwarted with the help of Allāh. Allāh has kept his promise with initiate a global task force of devotees Even General Zia’s mysterious death the Jamā‘at of believers and our who would spread the message of was proof of the Mubāhilah issued by Jamā‘at witnessed the miracle of Islām and serve humanity as well. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Khilāfat. Many members remember A second blessing found in the Allāh shower His mercy on him). It is the message of Ataul Mujeeb Rashid Khilāfat-e-Rābia‘ is the initiation of these incidents—incidents which seem who was secretary of Majlis Shūrā Muslim Television Aḥmadiyya (MTA). to be against Aḥmadiyyat—where the during that time that illustrated a In 1992, while inaugurating Baitul faithful look to their Khalīfah for blessing in the making—the Islām Mosque in Canada, Ḥuḍūr’s guidance, and ultimately Allāh’s continuation of Khilāfat: (may Allāh be his helper) Friday course will be trekked and the truth sermon was transmitted live all over shall prevail. “It is announced for the the world for the first time. In 1996, Lastly, during Khilāfat-i-Rābia’, information of all members of MTA service was started, offering Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh shower His mercy the worldwide Aḥmadiyya viewers a 24-hour channel. By way of on him) set up Maryam Shādī fund in Muslim Community that MTA, the Promised Messiah’s (may his mother’s name, whom he loved following the Maghrib (dusk) peace be on him) revelation “I shall dearly, to help the needy girls in and ‘Ishā’ (night) Prayers, the cause thy message to reach the poverty to be able to marry and attain Majlis Intikhāb-i-Khilāfat (the corners of the earth” was fulfilled. One a better life. This noble scheme Electoral College) established of the highlights of MTA is the fulfilled the prayer of “rabbir ḥum by Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may international Bai‘at telecasts. Since humā kamā rabbayānī saghīrā” which Allāh be pleased with him) 1993, 164,875,605 new converts means: “O my Lord, have mercy on convened at Faḍl Mosque, joined the fold of Aḥmadiyyat shown them even as they nourished me in my London today, Tuesday 22nd via live transmission to the entire childhood.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 17 April 2003, under the world. [Banī Isrā’īl]:25) It is interesting that chairmanship of Respected One of the most significant this prayer—the prayer for parents— Chaudhry Hameed Ullah Ṣāḥib. periods in the history of the Jamā‘at has been fulfilled in a fashion to help Pursuant to the rules and was during the 1984 persecution of those who do not have parents, have a regulations, each member took Aḥmadīs and the fall of General Zia. better life. Such are the blessings of an oath of allegiance to In this trying time, Aḥmadīs were Khilāfat that it fulfills prophecies in a Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. After this, being attacked, mosques damaged, manner that is so unexpected, but they elected the most respected lives threatened, and sadly people regardless in such a beautiful manner, Ṣāḥibẓādah Mirzā Masroor killed. This persecution went to such nonetheless. Aḥmad as Khalīfatul Masīḥ V. an extent that Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul In the period between the 4th The members of the Majlis Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His Khalīfah’s demise and the election of Intikhāb-i-Khilāfat immediately mercy on him) was forced to leave the 5th Khalīfah, the Jamā‘at had no had the honor of taking the Pakistan for London. Many people supreme leader to follow. Many pledge of initiation at the were heartbroken when they found people seemed anxious especially the blessed hand of Ḥaḍrat Amīrul- out that Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh shower His youth who had grown up during the Mu’minīn, Khalīfatul Masīḥ V, mercy on him) had to leave Pakistan; Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh be his helper and but a blessing was about to be (may Allāh shower His mercy on him). may Allāh grant him a long life) manifested. Though the Jamā‘at Yet, as Allāh has promised, Khilāfat and have also had the honor of moved the Khalīfah’s headquarters, has remained with us. Once again, the meeting Ḥaḍrat Amīrul- being in England gave the Jamā‘at the Promised Messiah (may peace be on Mu’minīn. opportunity to grow by leaps and him) had foretold:

Wonderful Prayers from the Holy Qur’ān

Arabic with English transliteration and translation. In Pocket Size. Available free. Send request to [email protected]

Page 42 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Alḥamdulillāh, (all praise reach at least 15,000…It is my it was his intense wish to have this belongs to Allāh). May Allāh the wish that by 2008, when it will project completed soon, which had Exalted, in approval, make this be one hundred years since the been underway in Rabwah since the election most blessed, Āmīn. establishment of the Khilāfat, at beginning of the fifth Khilāfat. Our Merciful and Gracious least fifty percent of the earning Once again, the purpose of the God! O our Noble and Loving and Chanda-paying members in schemes is to match up our actions Lord, we are grateful to You every country of the world, in with the Awwalīn. And, as such, the that You have bestowed us with every Jamā‘at will have joined larger purpose remains in the words Your Grace and the Second the splendid scheme of the of the Promised Messiah (may peace Manifestation and have once Promised Messiah (may peace be on him), “to serve Islām and to again changed our state of fear be on him). It will be a small propagate it.” It was a faith-inspiring to that of peace. O our offering, a token of sermon on May 27, 2005, When Possessor of Power and thanksgiving by the Jamā‘at to Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh Authority and Self-Subsisting Allāh upon the completion of be his helper) spoke about the and All-Sustaining God, we 100 years of Khilāfat.” upcoming Centennial of Aḥmadiyya bear witness that once again Khilāfat. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his Your Messiah and Mahdī’s On January 14, 2005, Ḥaḍrat helper) pointed out the recent past, prophecy as stated in the Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his where, in light of the events around journal Al-Waṣiyyat has helper) delivered his Friday sermon the election of the fifth Khilāfat as materialized with full glory and while visiting Spain. During this shown on MTA, even those outside the magnificence. All Praise sermon, Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his Community were compelled to belongs to Allāh.” helper) put forth the scheme for a new acknowledge that we had the ‘practical mosque in Valencia, Spain. Ḥuḍūr testimony’ of Allāh with us. Ḥuḍūr In almost five-year period, since (may Allāh be his helper) related the (may Allāh be his helper) said: Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Ahmad (may following quote from the Promised Allāh be his helper) became Khalīfatul Messiah (may peace be on him): “In three years, one-hundred Masīḥ, the Jamā‘at has progressed years of Khilāfat shall be with the help of Allāh to new heights. “Any city or town where a concluded. Preceding to the In this time many new Taḥrīkāt have mosque of our Jamā‘at will be Aḥmadiyya centennial, Ḥaḍrat been either reinvigorated or newly established, then you should Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh devised programs have been created. know that a foundation for our shower His mercy on him) had The first Taḥrīk of Ḥaḍrat Jamā‘at’s progress got laid. If brought to Jamā‘at’s attention Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his there is such a town or a village, and appealed for certain helper) was about turning towards where there are only a few prayers to be said. I, too, would Allāh, with prayer. Let me take you Muslims or lacks Muslims bring the same prayers to back to the late evening of April 23rd, altogether, build a mosque, and Jamā‘at’s attention once again.” 2003 when Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor God Himself will drive Muslims Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper) was to the mosque.” It is these prayers which help elected as Khalīfatul Masīḥ. If you Aḥmadīs in their everyday life. These would recall, he emerged from Faḍl On June 3, 2005 Ḥuḍūr (may prayers are a blessing to Aḥmadīs Mosque and with an almost choking Allāh be his helper) delivered a heart- because they keep us focused on what voice asked everyone to sit down, as if moving Friday sermon. The essence of is important in life, i.e. turning he was making sure they would listen the sermon was related to the process towards Allāh, asking for forgiveness to him carefully. Then he said the of self purification through financial and remaining steadfast. The times most renowned words, “Duā’en sacrifices. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V have become so socially immoral that Karain, Duā’en Karain, Buhat Duā’en (may Allāh be his helper) said: temptations overtake some. Yet Karain,” which means Pray, Pray, Pray Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) has abundantly. “We are those who claim to be prescribed these prayers, for the At Jalsa Sālāna, UK on August 1, the ‘Ākharīn’ (the latter ones), benefit of the members and the 2004, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may who will match themselves with Jamā‘at. These prayers will anchor the Allāh be his helper) announced his the ‘Awwalīn’ (the earlier ones) Jamā‘at to Allāh and will continue to special emphasis on joining the in all aspects of good deeds. We protect Aḥmadīs from anything that system of Waṣiyyat (Will). Ḥuḍūr will succeed in our claim only if may sway us from our God and our (may Allāh be his helper) Said: we imitate all the examples set religion. They will protect us from the forth by the Awwalīn.” evil intentions of those who try to “It is my wish and I like to make harm us, but in turn enable us to this appeal that in order to With this, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul continue to spread the message of cleanse your lives and to Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his helper) Islām and Aḥmadiyyat. cleanse the lives of your started a new Taḥrīk, a new appeal, One scheme of Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh progeny, join and come for the Tāhir Heart Institute project. be his helper) deals with Sulṭānul- forward. And may the new Wills Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) said Qalam. In this time, when Islām is

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 43 being attacked from all realms, incidents (regarding the leader and being able to receive divine especially, the media, Ḥuḍūr (may cartoons) do continue to take guidance from Allāh. As long as the Allāh be his helper) saw it fit to place from time to time. If there blessings of Khilāfat will remain introduce a scheme emphasizing the is a large-scale contact with amongst us as our energetic strength, youth of the Jamā‘at to enter the filed media, such things can be the promise of God will remain with of journalism, especially, the Wāqifīn- stopped.” us. Under the shades of this blessing, i-Nau children. The Promised Messiah we will march from one success to (may peace be on him) has been given It is these instances where our another. May Allāh enable us to follow the title of Sulṭānul-Qalam ‘the prince Khalīfah directs us and guides us for the divine guidance offered by all the of the pen” and in a time where Jihād our betterment; this will enable the Khulafā of the Promised Messiah will be fought with a pen to propagate Jamā‘at to succeed. Khilāfat is not a (may peace be on him), Āmīn. the true message of Islām. corporation, it is not an organization, it is a divine institution that Allāh References “…the said Imām will be almighty is controlling, and will Sulṭānul-Qalam and his pen control. What must be stressed over • The Holy Qur’ān will serve as Dhulfiqār and over is to remain steadfast. What • Ḥadīth from “Musnad Aḥmad” (Sword).” The Heavenly Sign is this Jamā‘at without Khilāfat? (Nishān-i-Āsmānī, P 29.) Nothing. This Jamā‘at could go • Al-Waṣiyyat, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā nowhere without the Khalīfah. Ghulām Aḥmad Qādiānī (may This goes in accordance with the Therefore, it is of utmost importance peace be on him) argument of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ that each and every Aḥmadī realize • Khilāfat-i-Rāshida, Hiṣār, Hadi IV (may Allāh shower His mercy on who they are and recognize the Ali Chaudhry him) that he presented in his book supreme power of Khilāfat. Times • Friday sermon published in Islām’s Response to Contemporary have come and gone where the Monthly Khālid of May 1978 Issues that “Swords can win territories Jamā‘at has been under many trials • but not hearts, forces can bend heads and this will continue until the end of The weekly Badr, Qādiān, July 1st, but not minds.” Thus to win the hearts time. Yet, if we offer complete 1982 of the people, we will have to win submission to Khilāfat-i- Aḥmadiyya, • Swāneḥ Faḍl-i-‘Umar by Ḥaḍrat them over with substantial evidence, Allāh will bless us. This is a divine Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may Allāh and not as other Muslims claim, by institution. We are very fortunate that shower His mercy on him) force. not only are we Aḥmadī Muslims, we • The Blessings of Khilāfat, Tommy Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may are the ONLY Muslims with a true Bockarie Kallon Allāh be his helper), in his Friday Khalīfah. The time has come, the trail • sermon of February 10, 2007, said: has been mapped out and the world is Majlis-i-Mushāwarat, Al Fazal, a canvas in which our Jamā‘at will Nov. 3 1966 “Also, there is a suggestion for paint the true picture of Islām. • Al Fazal, Feb 12., 1977 the future that the Jamā‘at Inshā’allāh. • Friday Sermon, January 28, 1983 should plan for its youth, who In conclusion, Khilāfat is truly a • 2004 Jalsa Sālāna, UK Speech are so inclined, to enter [the blessing, fashioned for the betterment field of] journalism as much as of mankind. It is a promise of Allāh • Nishān-i-Āsmānī (The Heavenly possible. So that we are made to the believers; we should hold Sign) Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām established inside of the this institution dear to our hearts. We Aḥmad Qādiānī (may peace be on newspaper at such places along must realize how blessed we are; that him) with their people. Because such we are able to communicate with our

Offering Supererogatory Prayer for Suffering Aḥmadīs

Addressing Aḥmadīs of all the Jamā‘ats around the world in his Friday sermon of December 3, 2011, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his helper) drew attention to the Aḥmadī brothers who are enduring hardship and persecution. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) said that a true believer is the one who feels the suffering of his believer brother as his own, like the whole body feels the pain if a part of the body is in pain. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) said that each Aḥmadī should offer two Nafl (supererogatory Prayer) daily, solely for those Aḥmadīs who are going through any torment due to their belief in Aḥmadiyyat and are deprived of their civic and religious rights through vicious laws. Anṣār are encouraged to say Labbaik to the call of our beloved Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) and offer two Nafl daily and pray to Almighty Allāh that the atrocities against Aḥmadīs may be removed, Āmīn.

Page 44 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 The Institution of Khilāfat—An Umbrella for Humanity Sabah Rehman, Chicago (1st Place Essay in Lajnah Category—Khilāfat Centenary Essay-writing Competition)

In the month of April 2003, there discourses the word of God. Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on were three days where the lives of over Additionally, once the people have him). 200 million Aḥmadī Muslims came to positioned themselves behind the a standstill. On April 19, 2003, the shield they must be steadfast at their Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh passing of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV, position, and they must understand be pleased with him) Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may that they are the follower, the listener, Allāh shower His mercy on him), hit and must absorb everything that the Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be the world like a ton of bricks, and Imām is saying and doing. The Holy pleased with him) was the first millions of people felt the departure of Prophet greatly solidified this point by Khalīfah amongst the Khulafā’-i- the most crucial and important person saying: Rāshidīn. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may in the world; their Khalīfah. Millions Allāh be pleased with him) was a close of people also came to see how cold “The Imām is (appointed) to be friend of the Holy Prophet (may peace and unstable the world was for three followed. So do not differ from and blessings of Allāh be on him) and days without a Khalīfah. Without the him, bow when he bows, and was the first man to confirm the truth man who holds the umbrella for all say, ‘Rabbanā lakal ḥamd’ if he of the Holy Prophet’s (may peace and the millions of people under it. says ‘Sami‘allāhu liman blessings of Allāh be on him) claim, Finally, on April 22, the new Khalīfah, ḥamida;’ and if he prostrates, thus he also earned the title of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Ahmad (may prostrate (after him), and if he Siddīque. Throughout his life, Ḥaḍrat Allāh be his helper) was elected, and prays sitting, pray sitting all Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with peace and relief filled the hearts and together, and straighten the him) was greatly devoted to the cause minds of millions all over. For Allāh rows for the prayer, as the of Islām, and remained at the side of had once again given them the being straightening of the rows is the Holy Prophet (may peace and who unites them, their Khalīfah. A amongst those things which blessings of Allāh be on him) in good man who guides, trains, and advises make your prayer a correct and times and in bad. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr the people through the various perfect one.” (may Allāh be pleased with him) was a hurdles of life. The meaning of the close friend and confidant of the Holy term “Khilāfat” is succession, and thus The Muslim Ummah should be Prophet (may peace and blessings of Khalīfah means “Successor” to a united, and no greater union can come Allāh be on him), with the Holy Prophet of Allāh. The responsibility other than being behind the Imām Prophet (may peace and blessings of and aim of the Khalīfah is to continue who represents the Holy Prophet (may Allāh be on him) seeking wise counsel and implement the ideals and works peace and blessings of Allāh be on and advice whenever needed. Ḥaḍrat that were founded by the Holy him), the Greatest Prophet of Allāh. Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with Prophet (may peace and blessings of The Khalīfah also has the great him) would sacrifice anything and Allāh be on him). Importance of responsibility of maintaining the everything for the Holy Prophet (may Khilāfat is the utmost. It is the moral, spiritual, and religious peace and blessings of Allāh be on institution, an umbrella, which gives attributes of mankind. The Khalīfah him) and Islām, especially financial followers of the true religion of Allāh a must continue the path of the Holy sacrifice. Once, for the Battle of sense of peace and security. Prophet (may peace and blessings of Mauta, the Holy Prophet (may peace The Khalīfah has many Allāh be on him) as well as advise his and blessings of Allāh be on him) was responsibilities, and one of the most followers to pray, believe, and worship in dire need of financial contribution. important one is his responsibility of one God, carry through life peacefully Thus, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be being the Imām. The Holy Prophet and with integrity, and live as how pleased with him) brought all that he (may peace and blessings of Allāh be God has advised through his Holy had in his house, to the Holy Prophet on him) has stated that: Book, the Qur’ān. (may peace and blessings of Allāh be There are two types of Khilāfat: on him). Additionally, at the time of “The Imām is like a shelter for the Guided Khilāfat also known as Holy Prophet’s (may peace and whose safety the Muslims Khilā fat-i-Rā shida, and the blessings of Allāh be on him) illness, should fight and where they Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat also known as the Holy Prophet instructed Ḥaḍrat should seek protection.” Khilāfat-i-Aḥmadiyya. The Guided Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with Khilāfat (Khilāfat-i-Rāshida) are the him) to lead the daily Prayers, and He The Imām is also known as the first four successors after the Holy was one of the ten people to whom the shield which protects his followers Prophet (may peace and blessings of Holy Prophet (may peace and from evil doing and preaches what is Allāh be on him). The Aḥmadiyya blessings of Allāh be on him) had right and what is wrong. The Imām is Khilāfat are the successors after the given the glad tidings that they had a teacher, a guiding light who Promised Messiah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā been rewarded Paradise.

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 45 As the time came for the election Prophet (may peace and blessings of Islām during his time with the Holy of the first Khalīfah, the companions Allāh be on him). Furthermore, there Prophet (may peace and blessings of of the Prophet (may peace and was renouncement and rebellions Allāh be on him) and his two years as blessings of Allāh be on him) came from people who were pretending to Khalīfah. After living his life at the together and through the guidance of be prophets. Eventually, when the most pinnacle time for Islām, Ḥaḍrat Allāh, they came to the conclusion tribes started to march towards Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with that no one other than Ḥaḍrat Abū Medina to topple the institution of him) passed away on August 23, 634 Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with him) Khilāfat, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh AD, after remaining ill for fifteen days. was capable of holding this be pleased with him) ended these responsibility. rebellions with great courage and faith Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar Fārūq (may Allāh be After Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh in Allāh, by sending out his own pleased with him) be pleased with him) was elected as troops and crushing the evils and the first Khalīfah he announced: traitors who thought they could crush Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar Fārūq (may Allāh Khilāfat. Another major problem be pleased with him) was born to a “The weak among you shall be Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be noble Quraish family in 581 AD in strong with me until their rights pleased with him) faced was that Mecca. He became a renowned have been vindicated; and the many people stopped paying Ẓakāt. businessman in his young years, and strong among you shall he weak This was a problem because it used to administer trade delegations with me until, if the Lord wills, restricted the advancement of the between Syria and Iraq. In the I have taken what is due from Islāmic state as well as taking care of beginning, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh them…Obey me as along as I the poor. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with him) was a great obey God and His Messenger. be pleased with him) again tried to enemy of Islām, especially when the When I disobey Him and His banish all these problems with the Holy Prophet (may peace and Prophet, then, obey me not.” utmost care and diligence. He formed blessings of Allāh be on him) claimed an advisory committee and when that He was a prophet. One day his Upon the demise of the Holy someone gave an ill-advised opinion, rage became so grand that he took his Prophet (may peace and blessings of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be sword and left the house with the full Allāh be on him), the Muslim pleased with him) responded by intention of killing the Holy Prophet community became very distraught saying: (may peace and blessings of Allāh be and disheartened. Additionally, it was on him). When he reached his a critical point for Islām; Islām was “By Allāh! even if a single kid is destination he was first stopped by very young, and people were unaware due from a man, he must give being told that he was to first pass his of their new leader. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr it. If he refuses. I will wage war own sister and brother-in-law because (may Allāh be pleased with him) against him. If others do not they had just accepted Islām. With greatly helped the Muslim community support me, I will fight alone. this news Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be expel themselves from this hole of No one has the power to change pleased with him) became so furious uncertainty. As the people were in a commandment of Allāh.” that he started to beat his brother-in- dismay about how the Prophet (may law and wounded his sister while peace and blessings of Allāh be on These strong words again doing so. With the wound his sister him) can die, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may demonstrate the glory of Islām and responded by saying, “Umar! You may Allāh be pleased with him) came the institution of Khilāfat. For Islām beat us as much as you like, but we are among them and said: and Khilāfat is unlike any form of not going to give up our faith.” With government, Islām follows what is these words Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh “O people, verily whoever right for that instance, time, and be pleased with him) greatly calmed worshipped Muḥammad, situation. Even though the Khalīfah and requested them to recite a verse of behold! Muḥammad is indeed had his advisors, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr the Holy Qur’ān. The words of the dead. But whoever worships (may Allāh be pleased with him) Holy Qur’ān affected the strong, broad God, behold! God is alive and brought the decision to his own hands shouldered and brave Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar will never die.” because he denied anything that (may Allāh be pleased with him) so would negate a commandment of much that his eyes welt up with tears. These words brought such relief Allāh. Then, all of a sudden he got up walked and peace to the people that all of a With his great love for the Holy straight towards the Holy Prophet sudden tranquility filled the air. Qur’ān, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh (may peace and blessings of Allāh be As with all Khulafā’, Ḥaḍrat Abū be pleased with him) also on him) and accepted Islām at his Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with him) administered the crucial work of hands. The acceptance of Islām by also experienced many difficulties bringing together the collection of such a strong, fearless, and influential during his time as a Caliph. The first leaves and slate of the Holy Qur’ān man of Mecca brought in a great problem was the renouncement of and putting it all together in one source of strength for the Muslims. As Islām by many tribes, as their tribal place. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be a Muslim, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh chief thought it was not necessary to pleased with him) did many be pleased with him) sacrificed his remain loyal to a successor of the Holy remarkable works for the cause of wealth and dedicated his whole life for

Page 46 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Islām. Through this dedication he facilitation of administration in the way to a time where he dedicated his, became a God-fearing person who departments of finance, defense, life, his money, his blood for the cause participated bravely and intelligently social welfare, and education. There of Islām and the Messenger of Allāh, in all the battles at the side of the Holy also came the formation of army the Holy Prophet (may peace and Prophet (may peace and blessings of headquarters, schools, construction of blessings of Allāh be on him). In 644 Allāh be on him). Like Ḥaḍrat Abū roads and canals, police stations and AD, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with him), prisons, welfare homes, and judicial pleased with him) was stabbed by a Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased courts which brought on the complete Non-Muslim Persian slave while with him) was also asked for advice ban of slavery. Furthermore, there was administering Prayers at the mosque. and counsel by the Holy Prophet (may the establishment of the first Islāmic The wounds were very deep and lethal peace and blessings of Allāh be on Lunar calendar that began from and thus brought the early demise of him), and was also one of the ten Hijrah, the introduction of proper the Khalīfah at the age of sixty-three. blessed to whom the Holy Prophet weights and measures, the holding of (may peace and blessings of Allāh be population census, and the Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Ghanī (may Allāh be on him) gave the glad tiding of establishment of a proper punishment pleased with him) Paradise. system. After the demise of Ḥaḍrat All in all, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may After the demise of the second Abū Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with Allāh be pleased with him) was a very Khalīfah, the council appointed by him), Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be pious, kind, brave, and farsighted Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased pleased with him) was elected the man. He was simple in nature and with him) came together and elected second Khalīfah of the Holy Prophet greatly devoted in his duty towards Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Ghanī (may Allāh be (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Islām. Even though Allāh had given pleased with him) as the third on him). As Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar him great bounties, he would wear Khalīfah. Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Ghanī (may (may Allāh be pleased with him) ruled simple clothes that had patches on Allāh be pleased with him) also was a the Muslim community with great them, and took just enough allowance businessman and belonged to a well talent and fervor. During his ten-year from the State that would give him a known family of the Quraish, like period of Khilāfat, under his rule, simple meal and simple clothes. At Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased Muslim fought a variety of battles times he would visit the houses of the with him). And he earned the title of across the Middle East. His strength old and sick and would help them out “Ghanī” for his work and generosity brought him the success of attaining with their house work. There were for the poor. Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may vast areas of the Roman and Persian many instances where Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar Allāh be pleased with him), through empires, as well as the whole of Egypt (may Allāh be pleased with him) the preaching of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr under Islāmic rule. Additionally, this would go around the city of Medina in (may Allāh be pleased with him), was expansion brought the Muslim world disguise just so that he can see the the fourth person to accept Islām. with great progression, peace, and welfare of people first hand. Once he After the acceptance of Islām, Ḥaḍrat prosperity. In 17 Hijrī, the city of found a child crying while his mother ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with Jerusalem in Palestine was conquered was pretending to cook something, him) went through great hardship and and Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be they had not eaten in two days and the persecution from his family, especially pleased with him) personally visited mother was using the pot and stove to from his uncle, and thus had to the city at the request of the Romans. console the child. This scene affected migrate from Mecca. The Holy There the Khalīfah signed a treaty the Khalīfah so much that from there Prophet (may peace and blessings of between Muslims and the people of he marched to the treasury and Allāh be on him) held Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Jerusalem. Apart from attaining such brought food for the mother and child. (may Allāh be pleased with him) with vast amounts of land, Islām flourished While bringing the food, one of the great regards and blessed him as one in many other aspects during the 11 servants expressed to the Khalīfah of the ten companions to whom the years of Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar’s (may Allāh be that he should carry the items, the Holy Prophet (may peace and pleased with him) Khilāfat. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfah responded by saying, “On the blessings of Allāh be on him) gave the ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased with day of judgment you will not carry my glad tiding of Paradise. Ḥaḍrat him) gave great attention to the load”. When the woman received the ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with welfare of the Muslim people and food she prayed out aloud, “May Allāh him) was also married to the Holy formed many administration systems make you the Khalīfah in place of Prophets (may peace and blessings of for the Islāmic states. One of the most Umar;” she never knew that the man Allāh be on him) daughter Ḥaḍrat important administrative body that was really the caring and humble Ruqayyah (may Allāh be pleased with was formed was the Majlis-i-Sūrah, Khalīfah. He would pray all night and her). Upon their migration, the Holy which is consultative body of advisors often keep fast. Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Prophet (may peace and blessings of to the Khalīfah. Additionally, he Allāh be pleased with him) was the Allāh be on him) sent the prayer that, formed “Baitul Māl” which was the result of the direct prayers of the Holy “May Allāh be the guardian of the people’s treasury for the state and Prophet (may peace and blessings of couple! After Lot, ‘Uthmān is the first public. Then came various divisions of Allāh be on him). He came from a man who, with his wife, has given up the whole Islāmic state into provinces, time where he actually wanted to the comfort of his home for the cause in these provinces there would be the murder the Messenger of Allāh, all the of Allāh.” The Holy Prophet (may

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 47 peace and blessings of Allāh be on being martyred by insurgents, while blessings of Allāh be on him), such as him) and Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh reciting the Holy Qur’ān at the age of Ḥaḍrat Ṭalḥah and Ḥaḍrat Ẓubair be pleased with him) were very close 82. (may Allāh be pleased with them) and had fought together in all the became unhappy with this news and battles. During the time of the Battle Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with started to bring up an army of their of Badr, Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh him) own. Ḥaḍrat ‘Ā’ishah (may Allāh be be pleased with him) had to stay pleased with her), was also part of the behind because his wife was very ill; The demise of Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān army that wanted to punish the eventually she passed away from the Ghanī (may Allāh be pleased with assassins of Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may illness. The demise of his wife brought him) left the Muslim world in quite a Allāh be pleased with him). on great grief for the Khalīfah, turmoil. Six days after the demise of Eventually, this army was throttled by especially because he no longer was Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be the army of Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be the son-in-law of the Holy Prophet pleased with him), Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may pleased with him) at the Battle of (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Allāh be pleased with him) was elected Jamal; Ḥaḍrat Ṭalḥah and Ḥaḍrat on him). With that, the Holy Prophet the fourth Khalīfah. Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Ẓubair (may Allāh be pleased with (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Allāh be pleased with him) was the them) were killed even before the on him) married his second daughter, son of Abū Ṭālib, the uncle of the Holy battle and Ḥaḍrat ‘Ā’ishah (may Allāh Ḥaḍrat Umm Kulthūm (may Allāh be Prophet (may peace and blessings of be pleased with her) was respectfully pleased with her) to him. This honor Allāh be on him). Again, like all the sent back to Medina. For her whole brought on the title of Dhun-Nūrain, other Khalīfah-e-Rāshidīn, Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī life, Ḥaḍrat ‘Ā’ishah (may Allāh be meaning the one with two lights, to (may Allāh be pleased with him) too pleased with her) regretted her the Khalīfah. During the Khilāfat time was a very courageous and skilled decision of fighting against Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī of Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be warrior. He too stood by the side of (may Allāh be pleased with him). pleased with him), the Muslim empire the Holy Prophet (may peace and In 657 C.E., Amīr Mu‘āwiyah continuously expanded. Another great blessings of Allāh be on him) during and Amar Bin Aa started to raise accomplishment of Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān all the battles. Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh another army to avenge the death of (may Allāh be pleased with him) was be pleased with him) was very close to Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be the formation of standard copies of the Holy Prophet (may peace and pleased with him). In July of 657, the Holy Qur’ān that were sent out to blessings of Allāh be on him), as the Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with all provinces of the Islāmic state. This Holy Prophet (may peace and him) brought his army to Syria to fight brought the words of Allāh to all blessings of Allāh be on him) had off Amīr Mu‘āwiyah, and thus citizens of the Muslim world. taken guardianship of him because of incurred the Battle of Siffīn. After During the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī’s (may Allāh be pleased great loss for both sides, the battle ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with with him) father not having enough ended in an accord which agreed that him), many rebellions in Azerbaijan financial means to take care of his son. the fight would end through an and Armenia were also cut off. Not only was the Holy Prophet (may arbitration committee, which Additionally, there was the capture of peace and blessings of Allāh be on eventually failed. This failure brought many other nations such as Cyprus by him) Ḥaḍrat Ali’s (may Allāh be forth the division of Muslims and the naval attack, attainment of vast areas pleased with him) guardian but later beginning for the end of the of North Africa, and again defeating on become his father-in-law, as the continuation of Khilāfat-e-Rāshidīn. the rigid Romans. Holy Prophet’s (may peace and The people that were against the idea The last six years of Ḥaḍrat blessings of Allāh be on him) of arbitration separated themselves ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with daughter, Ḥaḍrat Fāṭimah (may Allāh from Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be him) Khilāfat was full of chaos and be pleased with her), was the wife of pleased with him), and elected turmoil. A number of Islāmic Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with themselves a separate Amīr. The governors and officers had gotten in him). separation of these people, known as the course of attaining worldly means. As soon as Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh Khawārijī or “The Outsiders” greatly This gradually got out of control and be pleased with him) became affected Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be the enemies of Islām took advantage Khalīfah, he moved the Islāmic capital pleased with him). Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may of this weakness. Many groups from Medina to the more central Allāh be pleased with him) greatly became Muslims just to destroy it and location of Kūfa, Iraq. Initially, many tried to bring the Muslim world spread mischief and wrong influential Muslims greatly together again, but the Khawārijī did information. This created great encouraged the Khalīfah to seek and not submit. Eventually, a battle conflict and conspiracies and came to punish the murderers of Ḥaḍrat ensued among the people of Ḥaḍrat the point where false claims were ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with him) being aimed at Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may him). But Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be and the Khawārijī. Many Khawārijī Allāh be pleased with him). pleased with him) wanted to first were killed and were greatly defeated. Eventually, the situation became more totally focus on the restoration of The Khawārijī remained aimed at and more chaotic, and ended with the peace and order of the Islāmic state. assassinating Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh third Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Ghanī Thus, influential companions of the be pleased with him), and on (may Allāh be pleased with him), Holy Prophet (may peace and Ramadan 18, 40 AH they succeeded.

Page 48 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Two days later, Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh We should never take advantage of it Khalīfah. This is proven in the be pleased with him) passed away as we have the honor to see, in living following verse of Sūrah Āl ‘Imrān: from fatal wounds given to him by his proof, the fulfillment of the Holy Khawārijī attacker. Prophet’s (may peace and blessings of “And consults with them on all Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be Allāh be on him) glorious prophecy important matters, but when pleased with him) was a strong, right in front of our eyes. you have made up your mind charismatic, and pious human being. The Promised Messiah, then place your trust in Allāh.” He was an eminent scholar and an Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad (may imperative asset for the Muslim world peace be on him), was also a solid Still, during the election of the and Islāmic history. believer and supporter of the first Khalīfah there was debate that The sudden end of Khilāfat-i- institution of Khilāfat, as he had said: there should be more than one Rāshida was a great tragedy for the Khalīfah. Thankfully, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar Muslim world, but it was no surprise. “Since it is not possible for a (may Allāh be pleased with him) and Ḥaḍrat Muḥammad Muṣṭafā (may man to live forever, God has other companions of the Holy Prophet peace and blessings of Allāh be on planned to keep alive, forever (may peace and blessings of Allāh be him) once said that: up to the last days, His on him) reminded everyone of the messengers who bear a mark of Holy Prophet’s (may peace and “Khilāfat shall reign for 30 distinction over the rest of His blessings of Allāh be on him) words, “I years and then there shall be creatures. To this end he has urge you to fear Allāh and to listen monarchy.” established the institution of and obey your leader even though he Khilāfat so that the world shall may be a negro slave.” And thus, only And that was exactly what never remain without the one Khalīfah was elected. happened, as the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat blessings of Prophethood.” Another criticism that was held Abū Bakr, Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar, Ḥaḍrat towards the institution of Khilāfat was ‘Uthmān , and Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh Many ignorant thinkers have that since there is no form of check be pleased with them) had a combined proposed that Khilāfat is supposed to and balance, then the Khalīfah would total of 30 years. On the other hand, comprise of a collective group of be like a dictator. Again, these the Holy Prophet (may peace and people rather than an individual ignorant thinkers do not take into blessings of Allāh be on him) also person. They support this idea with account the vast differences between a knew that a second era of Khilāfat the plural word “successors” in the Khalīfah and a dictator or monarchial would also come into the world. As the Qur’ānic verse: sovereignty. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ Holy Prophet (may peace and II (may Allāh be pleased with him) blessings of Allāh be on him) had said “Allāh has promised to those greatly explained the various that: among you who believe and do differences. The first difference was good works that He will surely election. The Khalīfah is elected by a “Prophethood shall remain make them Successors in the body of learned and faithful believers. among you as long as God shall earth, as He made For instance, the first four Khulafā’ will. He will bring about its end Successors from among those were elected by the companions of the and follow it with Khilāfat on who were before them; and that Holy Prophet (may peace and the percepts of Prophethood for He will surely establish for blessings of Allāh be on him) who had as long as He shall will and then them their religion which He heard the words of and know the Holy bring about its end. An has chosen for them; and that Prophet (may peace and blessings of unimaginative kingship shall He will surely give them in Allāh be on him). The second then follow to remain as long as exchange security and difference between Khalīfah and God shall will and then come to peace after their fear: They will dictator is Shari‘a. The Khalīfah has to an end. There shall be a cruel worship Me, and they will not abide by the Islāmic law,— Shari‘a. rule which shall remain as long associate anything with Me. The Shari‘a cannot be ignored and as God shall will and come to an Then whoso is ungrateful after must be adhered to with the utmost end upon his decree. There will that, they will be the strictness. On the other hand, a then emerge Khilāfat on the rebellious.” (The Holy Qur’ān, dictator has no such law to follow. For precept of Prophethood.” 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) a dictator can just change the law to whatever suits his or her needs. This With these great words, many But it must be understood that not was shown by the activities of scholars have given great importance everything in the Qur’ān should be Pakistani President, General Pervaiz to the fact that the Holy Prophet (may taken literally. The plural use of Musharraf. The third difference is the peace and blessings of Allāh be on “successor” was used to show that Khalīfah’s use of consultation. In all him) did not mention a time span for their would be more than one Khalīfah important matters, the Khalīfah the second era of Khilāfat. Aḥmadiyya in the course of Islām. Additionally, consults his advisors and Amīrs. Even Jamā‘at should be grateful every the Khilāfat consists of a body of though the Khalīfah has the final say, single day of their lives for the advisors and counselors but the final the consultants’ recommendations extraordinary institution of Khilāfat. decision is done by one individual; the and advice is very important and

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 49 taken into great consideration. The requests for prayers. Ḥaḍrat and the precepts of the Holy fourth difference is morals. The Khalīfatul Masīḥ (may Allāh be his Prophet (may peace and Khalīfah is the head of a religious helper) reads and replies to these blessings of Allāh be on community, thus he is a great and messages which bring on a great him).” (Tabarī, Vol. III, p. 446) humble believer in God, and has great relationship that is full of loyalty and faith, morals, ethics, and principles. love between the Khalīfah and His Thus, with such grand differences He is not some random politician who followers. There is also further proof it is completely impossible for a is trying to climb up the political from the sayings of Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr, Khalīfah to be a dictator. ladder. The fifth difference is the Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar, and Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Another criticism against Khilāfat Khulafā’s use of equality. The Khalīfah (may Allāh be pleased with them) that has to do with the subject of how a is equal to all other human beings. He demonstrate the differences between Khalīfah is chosen by God. Again, it is is not above the law, for he too is a Khalīfah and dictator. Ḥaḍrat Abū said to these ignorant people that God servant of Allāh. On the other hand, Bakr (may Allāh be pleased with him) has a hand in every single thing that many dictators and politicians get pledged to the people of Medina that happens in this world; wouldn’t God away with their crimes and act as if “they would be consulted in every also have a hand in the selection of the they are much higher than their fellow matter and nothing would be done Khalīfah for believing people? There beings. The sixth difference Ḥaḍrat without their unanimous are many acts that God has done Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be consent” (Tabarī, Vol. 1). Ḥaḍrat through the use of human beings. God pleased with him) described was ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased with indirectly chooses a Khalīfah by providential protection. The Khalīfah him) said: manipulating the minds of the is part of a religious machine and has electors, thus having them choose the been assured help and guidance from “O’ people, you have certain person that Allāh wants to be chosen. God against adversaries. He has been rights against me which I shall There is further proof that Allāh given providential protection from enumerate and which it is for chooses the Khalīfah by the fact that a grand mistakes which would succumb you to secure from me. It is Khalīfah is still just a human being. to disastrous consequences. This great your right that I should not Yet, he does extraordinary things that regard is not given to any politician or misuse any of the taxes or could only be done with the help and dictator. The final difference between booties which may be bestowed guidance of Allāh. The Qur’ānic verse Khalīfah and dictator is that Khilāfat upon you by God. It is your in Sūrah Nūr supports this claim is non-political. The Khalīfah is a right to obtain satisfaction of where it states: separate entity, and is not part of any your rights from me. It is your political party. The Khalīfah right to enjoy my protection… “Allāh has promised to those administers complete justice and does and that I should look after among you who believe and do not lean towards any person or party. your families like a father when good works that He will surely Additionally, a dictator works in the you are absent on make them Khulafā’ in the interests of his own personal power, wars.” (Al‑Fārūq ‘Umar, earth as he made Khulafā’ from while the Khalīfah does work for the Mohammad Husain Haikel) among those who were before betterment of his people and to gain them.” (The Holy Qur’ān, 24 [Al the satisfaction of Allāh. This was Additionally, Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān -Nūr]:56) further supported by the words of (may Allāh be pleased with him) once Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh said in an address: Another verse that supports this be pleased with him) when he said: claim is in Sūrah Ṣād where it is “Hearken, I am a faithful stated, “O Dā’ūd, We have made you “For you there is a well‑wisher follower rather than an Khalīfah on this earth.” This verse was who loves you and shares your innovator; apart from following for Ḥaḍrat Dā’ūd (may peace be on woes and afflictions and prays the Qur’ān and the precepts of him) whom God had made a Prophet, for you before God. Other the Holy Prophet (may peace as well as a Khalīfah. It is understood people have nothing like this and blessings of Allāh be on that Allāh chose the Holy Prophet available to them. Your him) I pledge myself to three (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Khalīfah is concerned about promises before you. First, I on him); wouldn’t Allāh then also your welfare and intercedes shall follow the procedures and choose the Khalīfah? The Khalīfah God on your behalf while others systems agreed by you before who works to spread the works, have none to do this for my Khilāfat. Secondly, I shall words, and deeds of the Holy Prophet them.” (Barakāt‑i‑Khilāfat) seek your advice in regard to (may peace and blessings of Allāh be any practices for which no on him). The Holy Prophet (may The Khalīfah and his followers procedure has already been peace and blessings of Allāh be on have very personal relationships. agreed upon. Thirdly, I shall him) once stated that: Thousands of letters, e-mails, faxes, control myself against and phone calls are sent to the exercising penal proceedings “Anyone who follows my Amīr Khalīfah every single day that explain against you unless they are fully shall be regarded as having their hardships, their successes, and sanctioned by the Law of God followed me but anyone who

Page 50 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 disobeys My Amīr shall be away from him. Thus, we must pray seeking knowledge about Islām and regarded as having disobeyed for the health of our Khalīfah so that learning to become a pious, spiritual Me.” he can lead our community with the seeker of Allāh. Additionally, Ḥaḍrat greatest of strengths and vigor. Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Additionally, Ḥaḍrat ‘Ā’ishah The demise of the Promised pleased with him) saw the gradual (may Allāh be pleased with her) had Messiah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām demoralization of Muslims and thus relayed that the Holy Prophet (may Aḥmad (may peace be on him) greatly prayed for a pious defender of peace and blessings of Allāh be on brought on the resurrection of Islām. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may him) once said to her that: Khilāfat in the Muslim world. This Allāh be pleased with him) explained Khilāfat is known as Aḥmadiyya this point of his life by saying: “…he had intended to call Abū Khilāfat or Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. So Bakr and give him in writing his far, by the grace of Allāh, there have “…Ever since I have become Khilāfat, so that after the been five Khulafā’ under Aḥmadiyya aware of the evils in which my demise of the Holy Prophet Khilāfat’s umbrella: Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul contemporaries are involved, (may peace and blessings of Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with and have observed the changes Allāh be on him), other him), Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn that have occurred in religion claimants to the office might Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be and among religious people, I not arise, but then the Prophet pleased with him), Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir have been eager, and have been (may peace and blessings of Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may praying, that God, the Exalted, Allāh be on him) did not pursue Allāh shower His mercy on him), may lead me to a person who the idea believing that God Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, Khalīfatul should revive the faith of Islām would not accept the election of Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His and should subject its enemies any other person besides Abū mercy on him), and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā and the wicked to spiritual Bakr as Khalīfah, nor would the Masroor Aḥmad (may Allāh be his bombardment.” believers agree helper). otherwise.” (Bukhārī, Kitābul One day the Prime Minister of the Aḥkām, Bābul Istikhlāf). Thus, Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn, State gave Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I the Holy Prophet (may peace Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh (may Allāh be pleased with him) an and blessings of Allāh be on be pleased with him) announcement by Ḥaḍrat Mirzā him) strictly believed that the Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on selection of the Khalīfah was Ḥ a ḍ rat Ḥ akī m Maulawī him) stating that he was a “recipient of ultimately the choice of Allāh. Nūruddīn, Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may revelation and affirms that God speaks Also, it is reported that the Holy Allāh be pleased with him), was born to Him”. Prophet (may peace and in 1841 in the town of Bhera in Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may blessings of Allāh be on him) Punjab. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I Allāh be pleased with him), who was once said that: (may Allāh be pleased with him) was 43 at the time, became interested in the youngest amongst his seven this announcement and decided that “After him, Abū Bakr shall be brothers and two sisters, and was a he needed to see Ḥaḍrat Mirzā the Khalīfah and thereafter Qurashi as he was the 34th in direct Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on ‘Umar would be the Khalīfah.” male lineal descent from Ḥaḍrat him) with his own eyes. After meeting ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased with Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad (may The daughter of Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar him). Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may peace be on him), Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul (may Allāh be pleased with him), Allāh be pleased with him) was from a Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with Ḥafṣah, then asked how he knew this, very religious family. His father, Hāfiẓ him) described his reaction by saying, and the Holy Prophet (may peace and Ghulam Rasul had memorized the “As soon as I beheld him my heart blessings of Allāh be on him) replied: whole of the Holy Qur’ān and his testified that this was the Mirzā and I mother, Nur Bakht, taught small would lay down my life for him.” “God the Omniscient had told children the translation of the Holy Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may him so.” (Tafsīr Al-Qummi, Qur’ān in Punjabi, as well as Islāmic Allāh be pleased with him) offered his Sūrah Taḥrīm) jurisprudence. From a young age, he pledge for spiritual allegiance to had great interest in the field of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad (may There is also the criticism against Medicine, and thus became a doctor peace be on him), but Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Khilāfat that the Khalīfah cannot be and was a Royal Physician to the Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on removed or step down once elected. Mahārāja of Jammu and Kashmir. him) replied by saying that he was not This criticism holds no ground The Khalīfah had a thirst for authorized to accept such an because no matter what condition the knowledge, along with his study of allegiance, and that he would do so Khalīfah still receives the blessings medicine, the Khalīfah also greatly once he was given divine direction. and guidance from Allāh. Thus, no studied the Holy Qur’ān, Urdu, With this, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I matter what the state of the Khalīfah Persian, and Arabic. (may Allāh be pleased with him) is, he remains the Khalīfah till death After becoming a reputable responded by saying, “Then, could I and no one can take that position physician, the Khalīfah continued be assured that when you have such

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 51 direction, I would be the first one to which he has set forth a lot of Lord of the worlds was roused be called upon to make the pledge?” nonsense which he calls ‘Takdhīb in my behalf and He bestowed And Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya’…I, therefore, upon me a sincere and faithful (may peace be on him) agreed. Ḥaḍrat ask you to take the trouble to read this friend who is the very eye of my Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be book from beginning to end and helpers and is the essence of pleased with him) also asked Ḥaḍrat prepare a list of all the objections those who are my faithful Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be raised by the author against Islām, friends in the cause of the faith. on him) about what he can do to win and reflect upon the most reasonable His name, like his shining the love of God, and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā answer to each objection.” Ḥaḍrat qualities, is Nūruddīn”. Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be him) said to write a book in refutation pleased with him) did exactly what he The Promised Messiah (may of Christian criticism of Islām. With was told and wrote the book “Taṣdīq peace be on him) so greatly respected this, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya.” his friend, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I Allāh be pleased with him) did just Ḥ a ḍ rat Ḥ akī m Maulawī (may Allāh be pleased with him), that that. He wrote a four volume Nūruddīn’s (may Allāh be pleased He made a Persian couplet that refutation which was called “Faṣlul with him) sons had all passed away translated to: Khitāb.” When the book was printed, during infancy, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Aḥmad (may peace be on him) “How nice it would be if be pleased with him) dispatched encourage him to remarry Ṣughrā everyone from my followers copies to various people. Two of these Begum, the daughter of the late Ṣūfī were Nūruddīn. This is possible people were an Imām in Bhera and a Ahmad Jān. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I only when one’s heart is station master who had the same (may Allāh be pleased with him) illuminated by the light of truth views as the Imām. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul agreed and eventually the marriage and firm belief”. Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with produced four healthy sons. him) met the Imām of Bhera on his On January 12, 1889, under divine On May 26, 1908, in Lahore, the way back from meeting Ḥaḍrat Mirzā direction, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ghulām Promised Messiah (may peace be on Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on Aḥmad (may peace be on him) him) passed away and the heart of him). The Imām was greatly announced the establishment of the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh influenced by Christianity and even Aḥmadiyya Movement. Once the be pleased with him) filled with great said that he would send in writing conditions for initiation were made, remorse. When the procession criticism of Islām to the Christian On January 23, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul reached Qādiān from Lahore, many missionary in Pind Dadan Khan. With Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with followers got together to discuss the this news, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I him) was the first to pledge allegiance. future of the Jamā‘at. Sheikh (may Allāh be pleased with him) asked Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Raḥmatullah, a member of Ṣadr him if he can postpone sending his be pleased with him) was a very Anjuman, declared Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul letter until after he read the refutation merciful and generous person. He Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with that he was writing. The Imām agreed. received a substantial amount of him) to take the lead, and guide the After reading Faṣlul Khitāb, the Imām salary as well as valuable gifts from Jamā‘at. Everyone agreed with Sheikh and station master wrote to Ḥaḍrat the State. Yet, he donated most of it to Raḥmatullah’s recommendation and Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be help orphans, widows, students, and everyone requested Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul pleased with him) that after carefully the poor and needy. Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with studying the book, all doubts were After a while, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul him) to be the Khalīfah. Ḥaḍrat removed and that they sincerely Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be believed in Islām and nothing else. him) migrated to Qādiān and devoted pleased with him) asked for some time Through the years, Ḥaḍrat himself to seek the pleasure of Allāh. to pray, but finally agreed to become Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be When the Promised Messiah (may the first Khalīfah and 1,200 Aḥmadī pleased with him) and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā peace be on him) declared himself the Muslims pledged their allegiance at Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on Promised Messiah and Mahdī, it the hand of the first Aḥmadiyya him) kept in constant contact, and resulted in much protest and Jamā‘at Khalīfah. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh denouncement. Yet, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul The Promised Messiah (may be pleased with him) was constantly Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with peace be on him) had set out the inspired, guided, and strengthened in him) firmly believed the Promised duties of the Khalīfah by explaining faith by the words of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Messiah (may peace be on him) and that, “the function of a Khalīfah is to Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be on stood by his side. The Promised push forward the fulfillment of the him). One day, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Messiah (may peace be on him) purposes of his master.” Ḥaḍrat Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with greatly appreciated the loyalty of Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be him) received a letter from Ḥaḍrat Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh pleased with him) did exactly this by Mirzā Ghulām Aḥmad (may peace be be pleased with him) and said: completing all projects and tasks that on him) that stated, “Pundit Laikhrām were being undertaken by the has just published a book in refutation “…Allāh, the Exalted, heard my Promised Messiah (may peace be on of my book Barāhīn-i-Aḥmadiyya in entreaty and the mercy of the him) before his demise. A wave of

Page 52 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 criticism and protest came towards resulted in prominent members of the be pleased with him), the Holy Qur’ān the Jamā‘at after the demise of the Hindu and Muslim community was translated into English. Ḥaḍrat Promised Messiah (may peace be on vowing to follow the rules and Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be him). To rebut the criticism, many recommendations given by The pleased with him) along with Maulawī scholars of the Jamā‘at and Ḥaḍrat Promised Messiah (may peace be on Muḥammad ‘Alī diligently worked at Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be him). translating the Holy Qur’ān. The work pleased with him) wrote pamphlets to Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may was completed three days before the prove the Promised Messiah’s (may Allāh be pleased with him) deeply demise of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I peace be on him) claims. The title of cared for the poor and needy, and he (may Allāh be pleased with him). Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I’s (may taught the Jamā‘at to care and help Later on, Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī Allāh be pleased with him) pamphlet the needy. Thus, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul broke away from the main body of the was Death of the Promised Messiah. Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with Jamā‘at and took the Qur’ānic notes of He gave the fact that all Messengers of him) appointed Mīr Nāṣir Nawwāb, a Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh God pass away, giving examples of the man who also greatly cared for the be pleased with him) with him. Ḥaḍrat Muḥammad (may peace and needy, head of the body that helped Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī then made blessings of Allāh be on him) and The the poor and needy. The money that changes and published translation of Messiah, Son of Mary. Furthermore, was collected was given to Ṣadr the Holy Qur’ān under his own name. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Anjuman-i-Aḥmadiyya. Furthermore, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may be pleased with him) gave great Mīr Nāṣir Nawwāb set up a dispensary Allāh be pleased with him) also attention to the Madrasah Aḥmadiyya which gradually became a hospital brought great advancement to the (Aḥmadiyya School). The Khalīfah that till this day serves humanity. town of Qādiān. Qādiān was the focal formed a sub-committee and the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh point for the Jamā‘at and many secretary was Maulawī Muḥammad be pleased with him) also launched a Aḥmadīs migrated to the town. While ‘Alī. This sub-committee put the scheme that provided houses for the the population increased, the Jamā‘at school on modern lines by forming a poor. Donations were collected by Mīr worked at making additional houses, library, in which many people Nāṣir Nawwāb, and Nawwāb mosques, and schools. The expansion including the Khalīfah donated their Muḥammad ‘Alī Khān donated the of Masjid Aqṣā also occurred. books. The sub-committee aimed at land for building 22 houses. The first In 1912, Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn making the Aḥmadiyya School into an house was built by the funds given by went to the UK for his legal practice. educational institution that would Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh bring up qualified and educated be pleased with him), and later he be pleased with him) advised him to scholars that would work to spread provided personal funds for a mosque try to get the Mosque in Woking the message of Aḥmadiyyat to the rest and a well for water. opened, and after meeting with other of the world. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Muslims the Woking Mosque was The Jamā‘at was also in need of Allāh be pleased with him) was elected unlocked. Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn financial requirements, thus Ḥaḍrat Khalīfah at the age of 68, yet he wrote to Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be continued to work vigorously. (may Allāh be pleased with him) pleased with him) formed the Everyday he would lead all the requesting young Aḥmadīs, and in Treasury known as Baitul Māl. The prayers, give Dars of the Holy Qur’ān November 1913 the first Aḥmadiyya Baitul Māl was used to collect all to men as well as women, give Mission was set up. necessary funds, Ẓakāt, and other individual lessons to Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may forms of donations. Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with him) also came Another very important matter Allāh be pleased with him) and Mir across hurdles from members of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Muḥammad Isḥāq, reply to letters, Anjuman-i-Aḥ madiyya. Some be pleased with him) took care of was and pray during the night. members began to think of themselves Hindu-Muslim unity. Up until his last Furthermore, everyday he would also as great scholars who should have days, the Promised Messiah (may give an hour of his time to see greater say. They raised their voices peace be on him) worked on a lecture patients. against the institution of Khilāfat and known as Paighām-i-Ṣulḥ. This lecture In order to propagate the cause of gradually began to strike against greatly encourage unity. Ḥaḍrat Islām, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Khilāfat. These members started to Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Allāh be pleased with him) trained a state that the Anjuman was the actual pleased with him) appointed group of scholars who would go out supreme body. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Khawājah Kamāl-ud-dīn to do and spread the words of the Promised Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with whatever was necessary for this Messiah (may peace be on him) and him) took care of the situation by lecture to be delivered. Thus, three the message of Aḥmadiyyat. Ḥaḍrat calling out 250 delegates for weeks after the demise of the Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be consultation. The following day, Promised Messiah (may peace be on pleased with him) also gave great Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh him), the lecture was given at a public attention to the Holy Qur’ān as he be pleased with him) delivered an meeting that was presided by Rā’i constantly read it, studied it, and earthshaking speech by saying: Partaul Chander, the Chief Justice of taught it. Under the guidance of the Lahore High Court. This lecture Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh “I am standing on a portion that

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 53 my Mirzā built and it is my Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with community. It is said that a decree that the Jamā‘at and him) delivered his first sermon after genius is born after one Anjuman are both completely the accident. Gradually, the Khalīfah hundred years. The departed subservient to Khilāfat.” began to perform all the activities he soul undoubtedly belonged to carried out before the accident. On this grand roll of honor.” He further said, December 13, at the annual conference in Qādiān, Ḥaḍrat Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may “It is being stated that the duty Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Allāh be pleased with him) was full of of a Khalīfah is to lead Prayer, pleased with him) stood up to give his Taqwā and a strong, humble, lead funeral Prayer, perform speech when suddenly he became ill generous, faithful human being. He the Nikāḥ (marriage) ceremony and was carried home. This mishap dedicated his life for the cause of or take Bai‘at, such a work can was the beginning of fatal disease, yet Islām and seeking the love of Allāh. be done by a Mullah, I totally still the Khalīfah continued to perform Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh reject this concept. Bai‘at is Dars of the Qur’ān and Ḥadīth, even if be pleased with him) stood firm at the only one wherein there is a total it was to be conducted in his own side of the Promised Messiah (may submission to the dictates of home. On February 2, 1914 Ḥaḍrat peace be on him) and fervently the Khalīfah.” Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be accepted and spread the words of the pleased with him) gave his Dars with Promised Messiah (may peace be on These words brought the great emotion, in the tone of a him). He additionally successfully mischievous members back to their departing leader. brought back Allāh’s institution of place, and they accepted the Under his wishes, on Khilāfat. The Promised Messiah (may superiority and ultimate authority of February 27, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ peace be on him) was very grateful of the Khalīfah. The handful of members I (may Allāh be pleased with him) his friend and follower by saying: took the Bai’at again. The Khalīfah moved to the bungalow of Nawwāb also warned this group that: Muḥammad ‘Alī. There he continued “I must ardently make mention working with Maulawī Muḥammad of a brother in faith whose “Nobody is going to make you a ‘Alī of translating the Holy Qur’ān into name, so behooving owing to Khalīfah in my lifetime and English. On March 4, Ḥaḍrat his superb qualities is nobody is going to elect you Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Nūruddīn—The light of the Khalīfah even after me. After pleased with him) realized that he was Religion. I envy his zeal and his me, only that will be Khalīfah, leaving this world and requested sacrifices in the cause of Islām. who is placed by God, and the Ḥaḍrat Maulawī Syed Sarwar Shah to Seeing this enthusiasm, I am one, who would come after me, write his will as he dictated it. The will overawed by the Glory of the would treat you in the way God was signed by Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Lord how he exalts the humble wishes you to be treated… Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with beings whom he chooses.” Listen, my prayers are heard in him), Nawwāb Muḥammad ‘Alī Khān, Heaven, and my Master and my and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd God acts even before my Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be Aḥmad, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II prayers are heard. Any quarrel pleased with him), Dr. Ya‘qūb, and (may Allāh be pleased with him) with me is a quarrel with God. Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī being Forsake your sordid thinking witnesses. The will that stated to his The Holy Prophet (may peace and and repent.” followers that their spiritual leader blessings of Allāh be on him) had once was departing, was published in Al- pronounced that during the time of On November 18, 1910, Ḥakam. On the afternoon of Friday, Islāmic decline and despair, the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh March 13, 1914, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul advent of a spiritual, pious, and be pleased with him) fell off a fast Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with Promised Son of Mahdī would occur. running horse. While on the ground him) passed away while offering his The Holy Prophet (may peace and his feet were still stuck on the saddle Prayers. blessings of Allāh be on him) called and the horse dragged him across the Many papers across the country, this Promised son, ground for a distance, and then fell on even papers that were critical of the “Muṣliḥ” (Reformer). The prophesy a stone. This serious accident caused Jamā‘at, paid great tribute to Ḥaḍrat additionally stated that through the him great bleeding and made him Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Muṣliḥ, Islām would be revived and unconscious. After medical attention, pleased with him). The editor of the strengthened. 1,400 years later when he became conscious but he was 70 Daily Ẓamīndār wrote: the Promised Messiah (may peace be years old and the accident greatly hurt on him) was bestowed in the world, his health. While the effects of the “Maulānā Hakeem Nūruddīn Allāh revealed to him additional injuries remained for three years, Ṣāḥib who was a great and prophesies regarding his Promised Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh erudite scholar passed away on son. The prophesy came to the be pleased with him) remained 13th march after a long illness. Promised Messiah (may peace be on confined to the bed for seven months. His demise is a great loss and him) after he had spent 40 days in On May 19, 1911 Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul has created a void in Muslim prayers at Hoshiarpur. The prophesy

Page 54 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 explained that a pure son would be the body of the Promised Messiah being produced everyday from born to him within a period of nine (may peace be on him) that, “Even if London, England. years. The Promised Messiah (may all the people should abandon you When Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I peace be on him) published this [the Promised Messiah (may peace be (may Allāh be pleased with him) fell prophesy on February 20, 1886, and on him)], I will stand alone against the greatly ill, differences and rebellious on January 12, 1889. This Promised whole world, not caring for any behavior started to develop among son, whose name was Ḥaḍrat Mirzā opposition or enmity.” After that, many Jamā‘at members. Prominent Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may members of the Jamā‘at, especially Allāh be pleased with him) was born. Allāh be pleased with him) came Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may under the great guidance and teaching Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with Allāh be pleased with him) received of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may him) were greatly worried about this his education from Ta‘līmul Islām Allāh be pleased with him). On fact and urged the community to keep School in Qādiān, India, but was not February 1911, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd fasts, remain united, and observe in the greatest of students due to his Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with deep prayers. Additionally, many consistent ill-health. His schooling him) had a dream in which he saw a people, especially Maulawī ended in 1905 when he did not pass portion of a large palace being Muḥammad ‘Alī, felt that it was not his Matriculation exams, but this demolished and near it there was a necessary for a Khalīfah to be elected certainly did not finish his attainment field where thousands of men were right after the demise of Ḥaḍrat of knowledge and education. Ḥaḍrat shaping brinks. He asked what the Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Khalīfatul Masīḥ I taught Him the men were doing and why the palace pleased with him). Ḥaḍrat Mirzā translation of the Holy Qur’ān and was being demolished, when one of Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Ḥadīth. He additionally began to the men replied that the palace was Allāh be pleased with him) greatly independently study subjects like the Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at and that a disagreed with this thinking and felt it religion, history, and literature, part was being demolished so that was not only necessary but gradually becoming a great scholar. they can throw away the old bricks compulsory for a Khalīfah to be This brought the fulfillment of the and replace the sun-baked bricks with elected as soon as possible. On the Promised Messiah’s (may peace be on kiln-made bricks, and also so that the night of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ’s I him) revelation regarding Muṣliḥ place can be extended in size. (may Allāh be pleased with him) Mau‘ūd that: Additionally, all the men in the dream demise, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn were facing east. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be “…He will be extremely Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with him) along with 60 other intelligent and understanding pleased with him) concluded the prominent Jamā‘at members came and will be meek of heart and meaning of the dream by thinking that together to consult the future of will be filled with secular and the Jamā‘at was not doing enough Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. All of them spiritual knowledge”. work for the advancement of the unanimously decided that a Khalīfah Aḥmadiyya community and so the must be elected before the burial of Since a young age, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā brick layers which were concluded as Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may angels were doing the work. Greatly be pleased with him), and that the Allāh be pleased with him) was an affected by this dream Ḥaḍrat Mirzā night should be spent in prayer and extremely religious and pious man. In Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be supplication for the betterment of the the year 1905, at the age of 16, Ḥaḍrat pleased with him) went to the Jamā‘at. Yet, the next day, Maulawī Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I Muḥammad ‘Alī again brought up the pleased with him) received his first (may Allāh be pleased with him), and issue of waiting to elect a Khalīfah. revelation which stated, “I will place suggested the formation of society Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī even printed those who follow you above those who whose objective would be the out a pamphlet that discounted the disbelieve until the day of spreading of Aḥmadiyyat. Anyone who need of a Khalīfah and passed it out to Resurrection.” Two years later, in wanted to be part of this society had to everyone who was in and coming in to 1907, an angel taught him the perform Istikhārah (Prayer for Qādiān. Many people disregarded it commentary of the first Qur’ānic guidance) for seven days before and wanted the election for the second chapter, Sūrah Fātiḥah. Throughout enrollment. This society came to be Khalīfah to take place as soon as his life, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd known as Anjuman Anṣārullāh. A year possible. Yet, Maulawī Muḥammad Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with later, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad ‘Alī continued to argue with Ḥaḍrat him) had remarkable knowledge and (may Allāh be pleased with him) Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad, Khalīfatul understanding of the Holy Qur’ān. performed the pilgrimage to Mecca. Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with This was further fueled by his great And in 1913, after attaining him) to delay the election. The love towards the Holy Book. permission from Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul discussion ended with Ḥaḍrat Mirzā When his father, the Promised Masīḥ I, he started the publication of Maḥmūd Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II Messiah (may peace be on him), the newspaper, Al-Fazl. Al-Fazl (may Allāh be pleased with him) passed way, the then 19 year old started with weekly installments, then leaving the vicinity with his Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may bi-weekly, thrice-weekly, and finally companions towards Masjid Nūr, Allāh be pleased with him) pledged to daily, now international editions are where there was a gathering of almost

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 55 2,000 people. After prayers, Nawwāb April 12, 1914, the first Majlis-i-Shūrā this into a permanent scheme. Muḥammad ‘Alī Khān read out the under the new Khalīfah took place and In 1957, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ testament of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ the number one priority was the II (may Allāh be pleased with him) I (may Allāh be pleased with him) for planning of a worldwide Tablīgh also initiated the Waqf-i-Jadīd which shouts followed calling the (preaching) plan. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul scheme. The main priority of this name, “Ḥaḍrat Miyān Ṣāḥib, Ḥaḍrat Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with scheme was to expand the missionary Miyān Ṣāḥib!” [implying Ḥaḍrat Mirzā him) advised that there should be work in Pakistan, as well as educate Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may members who should know a variety and give religious teachings to the Allāh be pleased with him)]. And all of languages so that the world of Islām population inside Pakistan. the people were asking Ḥaḍrat Mirzā can reach as many ears as possible. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Additionally, he stated, “I would like Allāh be pleased with him) had a great Allāh be pleased with him) to accept to see the truth of Aḥmadiyyat shine love for the Holy Qur’ān. Allāh had their allegiance. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā far and wide in the world. This was given him a grand amount of spiritual Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may not difficult for our Lord to be knowledge and understanding of the Allāh be pleased with him) was quite achieved.” Furthermore, in 1919 Holy Qur’ān. Additionally, there was a hesitant at this time, but the crowd Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh prophesy that through him the glory just grew hotter and hotter wanting to be pleased with him) established of Islām and dignity of the Qur’ān come close to Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Naẓārat Da‘wat Tablīgh and Madrasah would be solidified (Tafṣīr-i-Kabīr, Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Aḥmadiyya, and in 1928 he Vol. 6, pg. 483). Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Allāh be pleased with him) to take his inaugurated Jāmi‘a Aḥmadiyya. All Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with hand and pledge allegiance. With this these institutions were for the him) had many a times silenced critics Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd advancement, teaching, and of the Holy Qur’ān by giving such Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with producing of learned religious convincing arguments. In 1915, him) turned to Maulawī Syed missionaries. As for the rest of the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh Muḥammad Sarwar Shāh and said, world, various missions were opened be pleased with him) published the “Maulawī Ṣāḥib, this heavy in 46 countries such as, Ceylon, commentary of the first part of the responsibility has fallen on me Mauritius, USA, many West African Holy Qur’ān, and by the end of his suddenly and unexpectedly. I cannot countries, Indonesia, East Africa, tenure the Holy Qur’ān had been recall the terms of the pledge. Will you Japan, Burma, France, Spain, translated in to 14 languages. In 1944, kindly instruct me.” With these words, Holland, Switzerland, Palestine, West at a public gathering Ḥaḍrat the swearing in of allegiance to Ḥaḍrat Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad Fiji, and Guyana. Additionally, on pleased with him) declared himself as (may Allāh be pleased with him) October 19,1924 the Khalīfah himself “Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd” (the Promised began. inaugurated the Faḍl Mosque in Reformer) and gave a challenge about Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī and his London, England. Furthermore, on his knowledge and interpretation of people did not accept this Khilāfat and November 23, 1934, the Khalīfah the Holy Qur’ān by saying: called it a conspiracy. After some time, initiated the Taḥrīk-i-Jadīd scheme. Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī and his The purpose of this scheme was to “I do claim now again that even people left Qādiān and made their intensify the works of missionaries in if thousands of scholars own Jamā‘at in Lahore. Maulawī foreign countries. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul assembled to compete with me Muḥammad ‘Alī thought that his Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with in writing commentaries of departure would bring an end of Islām him) declared that this scheme was Qur’ān, yet the world would in Qādiān, yet his departure only based on 27 demands and principles, accept and acknowledge that further ignited the glory and greatness and Aḥmadīs were urged that in order my commentary was unique in of Aḥmadiyyat and Aḥmadiyya to create a oneness of God, member wisdom of divine truths in Khilāfat. must restore the dignity of the Holy depth.” The Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Prophet (may peace and blessings of Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with Allāh be on him), spread the truth of Even opponents of Aḥmadiyyat him) lasted for 52 years! During these Islām, lead a simple life, sacrifice their could not ignore the great Qur’ānic years, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II time and money for the cause of the knowledge of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ (may Allāh be pleased with him) Jamā‘at, as well as earn more for the II (may Allāh be pleased with him). brought the Jamā ‘at great betterment and attainment of higher The editor of Daily Ẓamīndār in achievements, progress, and education for their children. In the Lahore and great critic of Aḥmadiyyat, propagation. Once the crisis of beginning, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Maulawī Ẓafar ‘Alī Khān, also stated Maulawī Muḥammad ‘Alī was over Aḥmad (may Allāh be pleased with that: and stability prevailed in Qādiān, him) asked for only 27,500 Rupees Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh and the Jamā‘at exceeded that “Listen with your ears wide be pleased with him) formulated a demand in just a month. Gradually, open, you and your accomplices strong system for the propagation and Taḥrīk-i-Jadīd grew exponentially and could never compete with Mirzā preaching of Aḥmadiyyat in the in 1953, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II Maḥmūd till resurrection. country and around the world. On (may Allāh be pleased with him) made Mirzā Maḥmūd has Qur’ān with

Page 56 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 him, and a deep knowledge of institution of Khilāfat and said that: Rabwah. Like in Qādiān, the Jamā‘at Qur’ān, What have you got?... also built schools, offices, colleges, You have never read Qur’ān in “Khilāfat is a source and beacon businesses, and other buildings for the dream.” (Ek Khofnāk Sāzish, by of divine light. So hold on Jamā‘at in Rabwah. Additionally, this Maulawī Mazher Ali Azhar, pg. firmly to Khilāfat.” move caused a reorganization and 196). extension of the various Jamā‘at He also said: offices. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II By the end of his Khilāfat, Ḥaḍrat (may Allāh be pleased with him) said Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be “Friends, my last advice would about the move and settlement in pleased with him) had written a be that all blessings are in Rabwah that: variety of books on many Islāmic Khilāfat. Prophethood is a seed matters, additionally, he wrote ten after which the Khilāfat spreads “I am astonished, as to what volumes of a book known as Tafṣīr-i- its benevolence in the world was the force that brought and Kabīr, which was the detailed around. Hold on firmly to true habilitated you in a place which commentary of the Holy Qur’ān. Khilāfat and spread its blessing even the Government had failed Other remarkable events during in the world. Allāh would be to habitat. Seeing Rabwah one his Khilāfat were that on September merciful to you and would bless is reminded of the times when 23, 1924, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II you in this world and in the Allāh had re-laid the foundation (may Allāh be pleased with him) went hereafter.” of Mecca through Ḥaḍrat to England and attended the Wembley Ibrāhīm (peace be upon him) Conference. There, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may and his son Ḥaḍrat Ismā‘īl Masīḥ II’s (may Allāh be pleased with Allāh be pleased with him) was a great (peace be upon him). (Al-Fazl him) article Aḥmadiyyat—The True administrator and had excellent Nov. 26, 1961) Islām was read by Chaudhry foresight. As the Jamā‘at increased in Muḥammad Ẓafrullā Khān. The numbers, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II On March 10, 1954, during ‘Aṣr reading was followed by great praise (may Allāh be pleased with him) Prayer in Masjid Mubārak, Rabwah, from the attendees. On December divided it according to age and sex. On Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh 1930, the prophesy that stated that December 25, 1922, Lajnah Imā’illāh be pleased with him) survived a Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd will “covert three into for ladies over the age of 15 was murder attempt with serious wounds four” was fulfilled and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā produced. In 1939, Majlis Nāṣirātul- on his neck. The wound was very deep Sulṭān Aḥmad took Bai‘at at the hands Aḥmadiyya was produced for girls in and serious and in 1955, Ḥaḍrat of his brother, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul the 7-15 years age group. In 1938, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with Majlis Khuddāmul-Aḥmadiyya for pleased with him) travelled to Europe him), and became the fourth Aḥmadī men in the 15-40 years age group, and for treatment. Even while going for son of the Promised Messiah (may in 1940, Majlis Anṣārullāh was treatment Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II peace be on him). Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul produced for men above the age of 40 (may Allāh be pleased with him) did Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with years. The Khalīfah thought that these not forget about his duties. He took him) also greatly worked in helping units would further implement moral advantage of this journey by travelling the people of Kashmir. On July 25, training. As for the Jamā‘at to various missions in Europe. In 1931, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may administration, the Khalīfah Damascus, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II Allāh be pleased with him) was elected organized it by creating central and (may Allāh be pleased with him) as the president of the All-India regional Anjumans (organizing addressed his first Friday Sermon in Kashmir Committee, and worked bodies), and Naẓārats such as Naẓārat Arabic. When he reached London for vigorously to attain the rights of the Da‘wat Tablīgh (Directorate of treatment, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II people of Kashmir. Additionally, in Propagation), Naẓārat Ta‘līm (may Allāh be pleased with him) also 1948, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may (Directorate of Education), Naẓārat attended a conference that was Allāh be pleased with him) called on Umūr ‘Āmma (Directorate of General attended by Missionaries who were volunteers to produce a battalion of Affairs), Naẓārat Bait-ul-Māl working around the world. Aḥmadīs who would, with the (Directorate of Finance), and Naẓārat After a six month tour, Ḥaḍrat Pakistan Army, fight for the liberation ‘Ulyā (Supreme Directorate) were Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be of Kashmir. This battalion was known formed for organizing the various pleased with him) returned to Rabwah as the Furqān force. activities of the Jamā‘at. on September 25, 1955 without a full Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may In 1947, when Pakistan and India clean bill of health. Yet, still that did Allāh be pleased with him) was an divided, the majority of Aḥmadīs, not stop him and he continued to extremely pious man with great except for the 313 Aḥmadīs ( known as engage in a heavy work load. Two morals. He also taught members of Darveshān) who remained to take care years later, in 1957, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul the Jamā‘at these morals through his of Qādiān, also left India for Pakistan. Masīḥ II (may Allāh be pleased with books, sermons, and training For union of the Jamā‘at to remain him) completed Tafṣīr-i-Kabīr, which programs. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II intact, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II was a short commentary of the Holy (may Allāh be pleased with him) also (may Allāh be pleased with him) built Qur’ān. With Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ greatly stressed the importance of the a new city in Pakistan, known as II (may Allāh be pleased with him)

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 57 gradually became very ill for a period Lahore. After graduating, he got Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh of 7 years. On November 8, 1965 married and a month later he went to shower His mercy on him) took a tour Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh England for four years to attain his of seven West African countries, be pleased with him) passed away at Masters degree from Oxford where he declared that: the age of 72. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ University. II, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn In 1938, he returned to “All men are equal, there is no Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be Qādiān and started serving the difference between one man pleased with him) was an Jamā‘at by becoming a professor. Five and another man. If the world extraordinary man. His leadership, years later, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir realizes this, there will be far organization and administration Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy less trouble.” skills, Taqwā , intelligence, on him) became the principal of persistency, and courage graced Jāmi‘a Aḥmadiyya. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh shower His Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at with great Nāṣir Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) also said that: achievements, triumphs, and mercy on him) also was also the expansion. President of Majlis Khuddāmul- “On the soil of Africa shall be Aḥmadiyya. On May 1944, Ḥaḍrat fought the last spiritual battle Ḥaḍrat Hāfiẓ Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad, Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad (may Allāh between Islā m and Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) became the Christianity.” shower His mercy on him) Principal of Ta‘līmul Islām College. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad (may Upon his return to Rabwah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) was Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) was also in the Furqān Force Battalion Allāh shower His mercy on him) born on November 16, 1909. He is the from 1948-1950, and in 1955, he announced the Nuṣrat Jahān Scheme, son of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn became President of Anjuman named after Ḥaḍrat Ummul Maḥmūd Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II Aḥmadiyya, which was the main Mu’minīn, Syedah Nuṣrat Jahān (may (may Allāh be pleased with him) and administrative body of the Jamā‘at. Allāh be pleased with her), wife of the thus the grandson of the Promised After the demise of Ḥaḍrat Promised Messiah (may peace be on Messiah (may peace be on him). Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be him). This scheme involved the Before the birth of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir pleased with him), Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir collection of 100,000 Sterling Pounds Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy to create hospitals and schools in West on him), there were many revelations on him) was elected the third Khalīfah Africa and send a number of teacher regarding him. In Ḥaqīqatul-Waḥī, of Aḥmadiyya by Majlis Intikhāb-i- and doctor volunteers. This scheme the Promised Messiah (may peace be Khilāfat (Electoral College for the was to be purely for the cause of on him) expresses great gratitude Election of Khalīfah), which was humanity. Gradually, like all other towards Allāh for granting him four created by Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II schemes, the Jamā‘at exceeded sons and a grandson in the future. (may Allāh be pleased with him). expectations with 17 Medical Centers Additionally, in Talmud, it states that Following the demise of Ḥaḍrat and 15 Secondary Schools being on the passing away of the Messiah, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be produced in a short period of time. his spiritual kingdom will be inherited pleased with him), Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir The 1970s brought great by his and son and then his grandson. Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy hardships and attacks towards the On September 26, 1909, two months on him) initiated a scheme in his Jamā‘at in Pakistan. On May 29, 1974, before the birth of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir memory known as the, Faḍl-i-‘Umar students from Nishtar Medical College Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy Foundation. This scheme was the attacked the Rabwah railway station, on him), Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II collection of funds that would and afterwards severe violence began (may Allāh be pleased with him) wrote facilitate activities that Ḥaḍrat against Aḥmadīs in Pakistan. This to his friend that he had been Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be violence and hate was supported by informed by God that he will be given pleased with him) had interest the Pakistani government that was a son, “who will be ‘Nāṣir’ or Helper of towards such as research, education, headed by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. Religion.” missionary work, and economic Violence and hardships gradually Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad welfare of the Jamā‘at. The initial increased towards Aḥmadīs as their (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) target for this scheme was Rs. 2.5 houses were robbed and burned and also had great love for the Holy million, but the Jamā‘at far exceeded they were beaten and even killed. Qur’ān, and he became a Hāfiẓ by this amount by contributing Rs. 5.2 There was such false propaganda committing it to memory, at the age million. This scheme also produced regarding Aḥmadīs that even people 13. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad (may the Faḍl-i-‘Umar Library in Rabwah, who had no problems with Aḥmadīs Allāh shower His mercy on him) was Pakistan. started to boycott them. Ḥaḍrat an extremely educated and wise being. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh In 1929, he obtained Maulawī Fāḍil Allāh shower His mercy on him) was shower His mercy on him) guided the (Religious Scholar) degree from also greatly inclined towards community by encouraging them to be Punjab University, and in 1934, he increasing Jamā‘at’s missionary work patient, never fight or insult them graduated from Government College, around the world. In 1970, Ḥaḍrat back, and to pray. On September 7,

Page 58 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 1974, the National Assembly of hand and the U.S. and its allies Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Pakistan passed an amendment in the on the other, shall be destroyed, Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His constitution that declared Aḥmadīs in their might broken, their mercy on him) Pakistan non-Muslim. This civilization ruined and their amendment greatly hurt Aḥmadīs in system shattered. The survivors Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may Pakistan, but Allāh did not let this shall stand aghast and amazed Allāh shower His mercy on him) was throttle the pride of Aḥmadīs. Zulfiqar at the tragedy... The end of the the son of Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn Ali Bhutto faced a humiliating death third world war will be the Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be as he was hanged on April 4, 1979. beginning of the triumph of pleased with him) and Ḥaḍrat Syeda On December 28, 1973, Ḥaḍrat Islām. People will accept its Maryam Begum, and was born on Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh truth in large numbers and will December 18, 1928. Even from an shower His mercy on him) announced realize that Islām alone is the early age, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, the Centenary Jubilee Scheme. true religion and that the (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) This scheme was to mark the 100 emancipation of Man is to be was an extremely righteous and year anniversary of Aḥmadiyyat, that won through the message of devout being. Once, when he was only would take place on March 23, 1989, Muḥammad alone (may peace 10 years old, he was asked what he and to establish an extensive plan and blessings of Allāh be on wanted in return after doing good regarding the spreading of Islām in him)... But gentlemen, let us work, his response was, “Allāh, only the next century. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul not forget that this prophecy, Allāh”. Masīḥ III (may Allāh shower His like all prophecies, is a warning In 1944, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir mercy on him) declared that this and its fulfillment can be Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy scheme would need to raise Rs. 25 delayed or even averted on him) received his high school million in a time span of 16 years provided man turns to his Lord, diploma from Ta‘līmul Islām School in (1974-1989). These funds would be repents and mends his ways. Qādiān. After that, he attained post used to expand foreign mission He can yet avert divine wrath if secondary education at Government projects, translate the Holy Qur’ān he stops worshipping the false College Lahore. In 1953, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā into many more languages, and create deities of wealth, power, and Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His more printing presses and prestige, establishes a genuine mercy on him) received the Shāhid broadcasting systems. Again, this relationship with his Lord, (Religious Scholar) degree from scheme produced higher than refrains from all transgression, Jāmi‘a Aḥmadiyya in Rabwah, expected results as many mosques and does his duty to God and man, Pakistan. In April 1955, he went to Jamā‘at centers were constructed and learn to work for the true England to pursue further education, around the world. On October 9, 1980, human welfare.” and in 1957, he obtained higher Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may education from the School of Oriental Allāh shower His mercy on him) laid These strong words of Ḥaḍrat Studies in London University. the foundation stone of Masjid Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh Upon his return to Pakistan, he Bashārat in Spain, and it was on this shower His mercy on him) come close dedicated his life for the cause of occasion that he announced the motto to home during the turbulent times Islām, and in 1958, he was appointed of Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām: being faced by the world today. Thus, Nāẓim Irshād of Waqf-i-Jadīd. Love for all, Hatred for none. we must constantly pray for the world Through this position, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā In a 1967 European tour, Ḥaḍrat and must remain steadfast regarding Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh the teachings of our beloved Holy mercy on him) greatly worked to shower His mercy on him) declared: Prophet (may peace and blessings of promote missionary work inside Allāh be on him). Pakistan. From 1960-1966, he was “The Promised Messiah (may On May 23, 1982, Ḥaḍrat Nā’ib Ṣadr (Vice President) of Majlis peace be on him) also Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh Khuddāmul-Aḥmadiyya, and in 1961, prophesied that a third world shower His mercy on him) took a trip he was appointed a member of the war of even bigger dimensions to Islamabad, Pakistan. Upon his Iftā ’ Committee (Islā mic would follow the second. The arrival he became very ill and on June Jurisprudence Committee). During two opposing Camps will clash 9, 1982 he passed away. Ḥaḍrat the time of Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may with such suddenness that Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh Allāh shower His mercy on him), everyone will be caught shower His mercy on him) led the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may unaware. Death and destruction Jamā‘at into a time period of great Allāh shower His mercy on him) will rain from the sky and fierce progress and prosperity. He continued became Ṣadr Majlis Khuddāmul- flames shall engulf the earth. the path of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II Aḥmadiyya for three years, and after The colossus of modern (may Allāh be pleased with him) and that he was appointed the Director of civilization will tumble to the expanded missions around the world. the Faḍl-i-‘Umar foundation. In the ground. Both the communist Additionally, he peacefully spread the summer of 1974, he served as a and the opposing blocks will word of Islām with great love, member of the delegation that went to perish in the process. Russia sympathy, and strength. the National Assembly of Pakistan to and its satellites on the one prove and share the beliefs of the

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 59 Jamā‘at. After this, from 1979 to 1982, to perform Tablīgh (preach), help the Heavy punishment was given to Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, (may needy, and undergo sacrifices for the Aḥmadīs who did anything that would Allāh shower His mercy on him) was a cause of Islām. In 1982, Ḥaḍrat imply they were Muslim; thousands successful Ṣadr for Majlis Anṣārullāh, Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh were fined, beaten, and jailed. Ḥaḍrat as he greatly expanded the works and shower His mercy on him) created two Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh accomplishments of the Majlis. “Short Time Waqf” schemes. The first shower His mercy on him) was After the demise of Ḥaḍrat one was the “Short Time Waqf” for residing in Rabwah during this time Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may Allāh Spain scheme, which was aimed at and Zia ul Haq was trying to paralyze shower His mercy on him) on June 10, members sacrificing a short period of the Jamā‘at. Furthermore, Zia ul Haq 1982, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad their lives in learning Spanish and appointed men to all ports and (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) undergo Tablīgh and Jamā‘at work in borders and ordered them that Mirzā was elected the fourth Khalīfah of Spain. The second scheme was “Short Ṭāhir Aḥmad cannot leave the Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at. When asked what Time Waqf” for Anṣārullāh. This country. What this foolish man did his reaction was after being elected, scheme involved Anṣār members to not know was that no one can paralyze Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may dedicate themselves to the Jamā‘at for the Jamā‘at that is being guided by Allāh shower His mercy on him) the rest of their lives after retirement. Allāh. Yet, by the grace of Allāh, replied by saying: On April 3, 1987, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul without any cheating, cover up, lie, or Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His fraud attempt, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul “For all your life you see mercy on him) established another Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His Khilāfat in the most revered scheme known as the Waqf-i-Nau mercy on him), with his passport that position and then all of sudden scheme which involved parents stated, “Imām of the Aḥmadiyya you become that person. I never dedicating their children for the cause Jamā‘at,” boarded a flight to Europe thought for one moment that of Islām. with his wife and two daughters. This God would appoint me the Another grand Tablīgh scheme was due to the fact that the authorities Khalīfah.” Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may were ordered to prevent the departure Allāh shower His mercy on him) of the Head of Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at, A month after being elected, created was known as the Da‘wat Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad. Yes, Allāh Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Ilallāh (calling to the path of Allāh) is great. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His program. This program encouraged (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) mercy on him) embarked on a every Aḥmadī to spread the word of arrived in London, England on April European tour to inspect various Aḥmadiyyat by preaching to friends 30, 1984, the day that marked the missions, as well as inaugurate Masjid and acquaintances. Additionally, in beginning of new era for Aḥmadiyya Bashārat in Spain. Masjid Bashārat his sermons he explained ways to Jamā‘at. was the first mosque to be built in preach and bring people closer to Four years later, on June 10, 1988, Spain in the last 700 years. Thus, the Allāh. On October 29, 1982, Ḥaḍrat Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may inauguration was attended by Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh Allāh shower His mercy on him) thousands of Aḥmadīs from around shower His mercy on him) began the challenged Zia ul Haq and his the world, as well as 1,000 local Buyūtul-Ḥamd scheme to help needy supporters to a Mubāhilah (prayer citizens. Additionally, the words of and underprivileged people in duel). Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV Aḥmadiyyat were being spread all Rabwah, Pakistan. This scheme raised (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) over the country when the money for the construction of houses stated that even if Zia ul Haq accepts inauguration was covered by a variety for the needy, and currently there are it or not, God would inflict his wrath of newspapers, radio stations, and houses and flats for over 100 families on the liar. The result of this television stations. On this tour, in the Buyūtul-Ḥamd Colony in Mubāhilah came on August 17, 1988, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Rabwah. Additionally, funds were when Zia ul Haq, the man who said he Allāh shower His mercy on him) donated to needy members who could would kill this cancer (Aḥmadiyyat), addressed 18 press conferences, extend or approve their houses. and other associates of his were killed conducted numerous question and In 1983, a stronger wave of in a mysterious air crash. Even until answer sessions, and gave a lecture in violence, restrictions, and hardship today, the crash is listed as, Zurich, Switzerland. A year later, in were showered upon Aḥmadīs in “unsolved” and nothing of Zia ul Haq September 1983, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Pakistan, which was supported by the has been found accept for his “made- Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His government, run by President Zia ul in-Germany” dentures. mercy on him) went to Australia and Haq. Additionally, ignorant Mullāhs Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may conducted the ground breaking (clergy) were also pushing for Allāh shower His mercy on him) went ceremony of the first Aḥmadiyya Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at to be severely on many tours to attend Jalsas, and to Mosque in Sydney, Australia. persecuted. In April 1984, Zia ul Haq strengthen and expand Aḥmadiyya Like previous successors, Ḥaḍrat passed an Ordinance which banned Jamā‘at. There were many instances Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh Aḥmadīs from reciting the Holy where critics would come and shower His mercy on him) vigorously Qur’ān, saying Salam, calling Adhān question the Khalīfah, in return he worked to spread the word of Islām. before Prayer times, saying or would give such truthful, unarguable Additionally, he encouraged Aḥmadīs displaying the Kalimah Ṭayyaba. answers, that the critics would

Page 60 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 embrace Aḥmadiyyat right then and of people from around the world Ta‘līmul-Islām College in Rabwah. In there. In the UK Jalsa of 1984, two flocked to London to pay respect to 1976, he received his Masters of tribal kings from Nigeria joined the their beloved Khalīfah. Ḥaḍrat Science degree in Agricultural fold of Aḥmadiyyat. This was a great Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV’s (may Allāh Economics from the Agriculture landmark as the Promised Messiah’s shower His mercy on him) body lay in University in Faisalabad, Pakistan. In (may peace be on him) revelation of, state in Maḥmūd Hall, Faḍl Mosque 1977, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad “Kings shall seek blessings from your for three days, thousands of people (may Allāh be his helper) devoted his garments” came true. During this passed by to see their Khalīfah one life for the cause of Islām, and was Jalsa, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV last time, and MTA International sent to Ghana under the Nuṣrat Jahān (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) broadcasted live images for the Scheme. For the first two years, he presented the kings with relics of the millions of people who wanted to be was the principal of Aḥmadiyya Promised Messiah (may peace be on their but could not. Again, the funeral Secondary School in North Ghana, him). procession was also telecast live all and then he was the principal of an Another great accomplishment of around the world. Aḥmadiyya Secondary School in Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, central Ghana for four years. During Allāh shower His mercy on him) was Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh his time in Ghana, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā the advent of Muslim Television shower His mercy on him) was an Masroor Aḥmad (may Allāh be his Aḥmadiyya (MTA). What began as extraordinary human being. His love helper) was also the manager of satellite transmission of specific and sacrifice for Islām was witnessed Aḥmadiyya Agricultural Farm in Jamā‘at events has now become a 24 by many. Under his leadership, the North Ghana. During these two years, hour worldwide service. On October Jamā‘at progressed morally, he made great achievement by 16, 1992, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV geographically, financially, and accomplishing something thought to (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) spiritually. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV be impossible in the country of Ghana; inaugurated the Baitul Islām Mosque (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) growing wheat. The results of his in Toronto, Canada, with his Friday shared his knowledge with the world, efforts were sent to the Ministry of sermon being transmitted for the first expressed his great love and need of Agriculture in Ghana, and the Jamā‘at time to all continents of the world. taking care of the poor and less- was further commended by presidents This event brought new shape to the fortunate. He kindly, yet diligently, of Ghana. This accomplishment Promised Messiah’s (may peace be on taught his Jamā‘at the importance of helped many poor people as the him) revelation that, “I shall cause thy prayer and not to drift from Allāh country gained great efficiency and message to reach the corners of the during this modern and fast-paced productivity. In 1985, upon his return earth.” Furthermore, on October 14, world. He also encouraged Muslim to Pakistan, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor 1994, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV women to not give up their honor and Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper) was (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) esteem by giving up Pardah. Ḥaḍrat appointed as Wakīl-ul-Māl II inaugurated Baitur-Raḥmān Mosque Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh (Department in Charge of Financial in Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. shower His mercy on him) also Affairs II) and in 1994, he became During this inauguration, the encouraged his followers not to Nāẓir Ta‘līm (Director of Education). Jamā‘at’s first satellite earth station participate in the world’s materialistic As a Khādim, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor was also inaugurated. Now, millions of rat race, and that we must show Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper) held people are benefitting from the words ourselves to the world with the best of the positions of Secretary of Physical of Islām around the world, this has manners, as we are all representing Health, Secretary Census and also helped with the Jamā‘at’s efforts Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at. Membership Records, Secretary in Tablīgh. Thousands of people have External Chapters, and from 1989- become Aḥmadī as they have initiated Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad, 1990, Vice President of Khuddāmul- into the fold of Islām through the live Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his Aḥmadiyya Pakistan. As a Nāṣir, satellite transmission of the annual helper) Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad (may Bai’at ceremony. Allāh be his helper) was Qā’id Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad Dhahānat wa Ṣihat-i-Jismānī Allāh shower His mercy on him) also (may Allāh be his helper) was born in (Intellect and Physical Health) and gave particular attention to the Holy Rabwah, Pakistan on September 15, Qā’id Ta‘līmul-Qur’ān (Qur’ānic Qur’ān. During his Khilāfat the Holy 1950. He is son of Mirzā Mansoor Education). Additionally, Ḥaḍrat Qur’ān was translated into many more Aḥmad [son of Mirzā Sharīf Aḥmad Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his languages bringing the total to 53 (may Allāh be pleased with him)] and helper) held the positions of Ṣadr languages. Additionally, the Khalīfah Ṣāḥibẓādī Nāṣira Begum [daughter of (President) Bahishtī Maqbarah, gave Dars of the Holy Qur’ān, as well Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh Chairman of Nāṣir Foundation, as writing a revision of the Urdu be pleased with him)] and the great member of the Qaḍā (Jurisprudence) version translation of the Holy Qur’ān. grandson of the Promised Messiah Board, and President of Taẓa’yan On April 19, 2003, Ḥaḍrat (may peace be on him). Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Rabwah Committee, which involved Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh Masroor Aḥmad (may Allāh be his the beautification of Rabwah with shower His mercy on him) passed helper) obtained his education from trees and flowers. On December 10, away due to heart failure. Thousands Ta‘līm-ul-Islām High School and 1997, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 61 (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) receiving grand guidance from the khilafat-and-caliphate.pdf. appointed Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Almighty Allāh. Fear of Allāh, love for • Ahmad, Waheed. Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper) to Allāh, Islām, and the Holy Prophet, Ghanī. http://www.alislam.org/ the position that his father held, Nāẓir humbleness, knowledge, spirituality, topics/khilafat/uthman.html. A‘lā (Chief Executive Director of Ṣadr piousness, foresight, and strength are • Dehlavi, Moulvi Bashir Ahmad. Anjuman Aḥmadiyya, Pakistan). As all characteristics shared by Guided Nāẓir A‘lā, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Khulafā’ and Aḥmadiyya Khulafā’. Hadrat Mirza Bashiruddin Aḥmad (may Allāh be his helper) was One of the main reasons for the Mahmood Ahmad. http:// sent to jail for 11 days under false Muslim world being in such turmoil is www.alislam.org/library/ accusations of blasphemy and the lack of guidance and unity. Many mahmood1.html. maintenance of public order. A man Muslims look up to ignorant, • Hadi, Sheikh Abdul. Basics of by the name of Maulawī Manzoor unknowledgeable mullāhs who have Religious Education. Surrey: Chinioti complained to the police that ulterior motives and are not really Islām International Publications Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad (may working for the betterment of Ltd. 1997. Allāh be his helper), along with Col. Muslims and Islām. Aḥmadiyya • Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī bin Abī Ṭālib http:// Ayaz Mahmood, Mohammad Akbar, Jamā‘at is honored and blessed to www.alislam.org/topics/khilafat/ and Mohammad Hussain, defaced have the institution of Khilāfat in their ali.html. verses of the Holy Qur’ān, and said he lives. They should never ignore this • Ḥaḍrat Hāfiẓ Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad would go on a hunger strike if these great blessing and the Aḥmadiyya http://www.alislam.org/library/ two individuals were not Community should remain steadfast nasir1.html. reprimanded, thus they were arrested. and be grateful that they have the • At 11:40 PM, on April 22, 2003, privilege of being able to follow the Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad (may present God-appointed Khalīfah, http://www.alislam.org/library/ Allāh be his helper) was elected the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh tahir1.html. fifth Khalīfah of Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at. be his helper). May Allāh continuously • Khan, Sir Muhammad Ali Khan. During a time when Islām faces great bestow his blessings upon Aḥmadiyya Ḥaḍrat Maulawī Nūruddīn. skepticism and assault, Ḥaḍrat Jamā‘at, may they continuously http://www.alislam.org/library/ Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his receive the helping hand of Allāh, and books/ helper) leads the Jamā‘at with great may they stay away from evils of HazratMaulviNooruddeen.pdf. vigor, determination, and courage. rebellions and wrong advice and • Khān, Sir Muḥammad Ẓafrullā. Re During these turbulent times, Ḥaḍrat teachings, Āmīn. Additionally, may -Institution of Khilāfat. 1995. Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his the institution of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat • helper) is the true defender of Islām successfully remain in the world until Life Sketch and Services of His and relays the correct interpretation of the end of time, Āmīn. Holiness Mirza Masroor Ahmad the words and teachings of Islām. • Khalīfatul Masīḥ V. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh References • Mian, Majeed A. Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr be his helper) continues the great Siddīque. http:// works of previous Khulafā’ by • Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn www.alislam.org/topics/khilafat/ successfully leading the Jamā‘at, Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be abubakar.html. encouraging Tablīgh, giving weekly pleased with him). Truth About • The Aḥmadiyya Gazette. Ḥaḍrat sermons, and travelling the world to the Split. http://www.alislam.org/ ‘Umar Fārūq. http:// spread the word of Islām and library/books/Truth-about-the- www.alislam.org/topics/khilafat/ Aḥmadiyyat, conducting Jalsas, and Split.pdf. umar.html. meeting with his community, May • Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may Allāh bless the works of Ḥaḍrat • The Aḥmadiyya Gazette. Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his Allāh shower His mercy on him). Khilāfat—The Second helper) and may Allāh’s guided hand Importance of Khilāfat. MTA Manifestation of God. http:// remain with our Khalīfah, Āmīn. Question/Answer Session. 2001. www.alislam.org/library/ By the grace of Allāh, 2008 marks http://www.alislam.org/library/ links/00000063.html. the 100th year anniversary of khilafat_importance.html. • • Walker, Adam Hani. Khalīfah as Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. This great Ahmad, Mubasher. Khilāfat and the Imām. http:// accomplishment could never have Caliphate. http:// www.alislam.org/topics/khilafat/ come to be without all the Khulafā’ www.alislam.org/topics/khilafat/ Khalifah-as-the-Imam.pdf.

Archives of Al-Naḥl can be found at www.alislam.org/alnahl.

Page 62 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Khilāfat and Its Blessings Nosherwan Zahid, Merced, CA (1st Place Essay in Aṭfāl Category—Khilāfat Centenary Essay-writing Competition)

Khilāfat is the way Allāh that the Holy Qur’ān has mentioned their Khulafā’.” completes the task started by His three kinds of Khulafā’: As proof of this characteristic take prophet. Khilāfat is the second the example of Khulafā’-i-Aḥmadiyyat. manifestation of the power of God. 1. Khulafā’ who are Prophets, such For every Khalīfah elected, people The word Khilāfat is derived from the as Adam and David. About Adam from every corner of the world readily Arabic word “Khalīfah” and means God says in the Qur’ān, “I am accepted their leadership and took “successor.” It is the foundation of about to place a vicegerent in the Bai‘at at his hand without any Islām. The dictionary explains the earth” (The Holy Qur’ān, 2 [Al- hesitation or opposition. Just this meaning of Khilāfat as “successor Baqarah]:31) and about David He proves the righteousness of ship” and applicably, this relates to says, “O David, we have made thee Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat, in that it would the system of successor ship after the a vicegerent in the earth” (The not have succeeded had it not been Prophet. Holy Qur’ān, 38 [Ṣād]:27). supported by Allāh Almighty himself. 2. Prophets who are the Khulafā’ of Allāh Almighty says in the Holy another and a greater Prophet • “The religion which their Qur’ān: such as the Israelite Prophets who mission is to serve becomes all were the Khulafā’ of Moses firmly established through “Allāh has promised to those (may peace be on him). About their prayers and missionary among you who believe and do them the Qur’ān says: “We have efforts”. good works that He will surely sent down the Torah wherein was make them Successors in the guidance and light. By it did the During Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat, Islām earth, as He made Prophets who were obedient to us gained many firm believers from every Successors from among those judge for the Jews” (The Holy corner of the world. Many of these who were before them; and that Qur’ān, 5 [Al-Mā’idah]:45). people had little or no access to any He will surely establish for 3. Non-Prophet Khulafā’ of a other culture but this problem was them their religion which He Prophet, with or without temporal overcome by the missionaries and has chosen for them; and that powers, such as godly people Māshā’allāh the Jamā‘at is spreading He will surely give them in learned in the Law. Their mission tremendously. exchange security and is to protect and preserve the law Furthermore, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul peace after their fear: They will from being tampered with (The Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His worship Me, and they will not Holy Qur’ān, 5 [Al-Mā’idah]:45). mercy on him) established MTA, a associate anything with Me. television channel, through which the Then whoso is ungrateful after Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at spread the that, they will be the Allāh be pleased with him) further message. On the other hand, other rebellious.” (The Holy Qur’ān, explains that this verse mentions all groups are using this same media to 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) three categories of Khalīfah which are: spread corruption and vulgar the Holy Prophet’s (may peace and messages to the people. The same As seen in this verse, Khilāfat is blessings of Allāh be on him) rightly source that destroyed much of the rest more than just an institution. It is a guided Khulafā’, the Promised of the world became a blessing when promise of Allāh to the righteous Messiah (may peace be on him), his utilized by the Khalīfah in a positive people. successors and the spiritual reformers manner. The Holy Qur’ān mentions two or Mujaddids. He says that their types of Khilāfat: Khilāfatullāh and mission is to protect the law and keep • “They enjoy equanimity and Khilāfatun-nabī. people on the right path. The Holy Prophet (may peace and peace of mind amidst 1. Khilāfatullāh consists of God’s blessings of Allāh be on him) explains hardships, privations or representatives who are Prophets. some special marks and persecution which nothing can 2. Khilāfatun-nabī consists of characteristics of Khulafā’. Some of disturb; and Khulafā’, who are successors of these characteristics are that: • They worship God alone, in the Prophets. discharge of their great • “They are appointed Khulafā’ responsibilities they fear no Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn through God’s own decree in one and they carry on their Maḥmūd Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ II the sense that the hearts of duties undaunted and without (may Allāh be pleased with him) believers become inclined being discouraged or dismayed explains in Tafṣīr-i-Kabī r towards them and they by the difficulties that stand in (commentary of chapter 24, verse 56) voluntarily accept them as their way.”

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 63 The Khalīfah is afraid of none General Zia ul Haq of Pakistan Allāh Wills. Then this period other than Allāh himself. He never was probably the biggest example of will also come to an end. Then gives in to the opposition from the these failures. He was a major there will be the rule of world because it is the firm belief of opponent of Aḥmadiyyat and tried to usurpers, and that period too the Khalīfah and Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya get rid of it many times. He also tried will come to an end. After that that a Khalīfah is a God-appointed to claim the title of Khalīfah for Khilāfat, on the pattern of person and no one can have himself but he met his end in a Prophethood, would re- superiority over him. mysterious plane crash. emerge.” “The words ‘Whosoever is All of these missions ended in ungrateful after that, they will be the failure, thus clearly proving that they As prophesied by the above verse rebellious,’ signify that Khilāfat is a were indeed false, for no mission that and as seen in history, Islām went great Divine blessing. Without it there Allāh supported could fail. Conversely, through some distinct periods of can be no solidarity, cohesion and the Aḥmadiyya Jamā‘at is not only Khilāfat. After the sad demise of the unity among Muslims and therefore spreading but is obtaining many Holy Prophet (may peace and they can make no real progress successes. What started as a small blessings of Allāh be on him), the without it. If Muslims do not show group from a small, unknown village period of Khilāfat started. During the proper appreciation of Khilāfat by of India has now spread to every next 626 years, five distinct Khilāfat giving unstinted support and corner of the world. periods existed: obedience to their Khulafā’ they will The Holy Prophet (may peace and forfeit this great Divine boon and in blessings of Allāh be on him) said: 1. The Righteous Khilāfat addition will draw the displeasure of “There has been no Prophet who has 2. The Umayyad Khilāfat of God upon themselves.” From this not been followed by Khilāfat.” This Damascus quote we can see that the promise of supports the fact that Khilāfat is not 3. The Abbasid Khilāfat of Baghdad Khilāfat will only remain as long as only an Islāmic institution but also a 4. The Umayyad Khilāfat of Spain the people follow a righteous path. If religious institution—the way Allāh 5. The Fatimid Khilāfat of Egypt the believers falter, they will be made has been carrying out his tasks since exempt from this blessed institution. the beginning of humanity. The period of Righteous Khilāfat The first four Khulafā’ after the Khilāfat is an extremely important consisted of the first four Khulafā’ Holy Prophet (may peace and concept. Without it, society is after the Holy Prophet (may peace and blessings of Allāh be on him) were susceptible to corruption. The blessings of Allāh be on him). Ḥaḍrat selected by Allāh. At their times, the Khalīfah continues the tasks started Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be Muslims held steadfast to the system by the Prophet. This allows the faith to pleased with him) became the first of Khilāfat. But after the demise of be continuously reviewed and it helps Khalīfah. Under his Khilāfat, the Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with maintain the purity of the faith. Islāmic state spread tremendously. him) the people started associating Furthermore, a Khalīfah keeps the Additionally, the Holy Qur’ān was Khilāfat with political offices and people together and promotes peace compiled into one complete book with therefore, Allāh’s blessings were in the community at a time when all the original verses. This preserved refrained from reaching them. everyone is grieved over the demise of the purity of the Holy Qur’ān through Additionally, in later years, other the Prophet. This is exactly what the ages. people rose to take the position of happened to Islām in its history. His Khilāfat was followed by the Khalīfah but since they had not been Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar Fārūq (may supported by Divine blessings, they Khilāfat in Ḥadīth Allāh be pleased with him). Under his soon vanished through utter failure. leadership, the Islāmic territory Muḥammad Ahmad in Sudan claimed Regarding the institution of expanded even further. He established in 1881 to be the awaited Mahdī. He Khilāfat in Islām, the Holy Prophet the Majlis-i-Sūrah as advisors to the wanted to wage a war against fellow (may peace and blessings of Allāh be Khalīfah. He also promoted the Muslims and therefore he failed. on him) said: building of schools and mosques as Another was the Khilāfat well as dividing the state into Movement in India. During this “O Muslims, this Prophethood territories for better administration. movement, the Muslims of India will remain with you as long as After the demise of Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar revolted against the British Allāh wishes it to remain. Then (may Allāh be pleased with him) the government for support in defending it would come to an end, to be Majlis-i-Sūrah elected Ḥaḍrat the Khilāfat in the Ottoman Empire. replaced with Khilāfat which ‘Uthmān Ghanī (may Allāh be pleased Since this Khilāfat was not meant to would be on the pattern of with him) to succeed as the next last and was not on the righteous path, Prophethood (as it is a Khalīfah. During his Khilāfat, the it failed despite the efforts of Indian supplement to it) and would Qur’ān was printed and sent to the Muslims. remain as long as Allāh Wills. many states. The Islāmic states spread Faruq Shah of Egypt and Shah Then this Khilāfat would also even further and established the Faisal of Saudi Arabia tried to come to an end. The rulers who Islāmic calendar of Hijrah. establish themselves as Khulafā’ but cut (are cruel to people) will Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Ghanī’s (may both of them met horrid ends. replace them for as long as Allāh be pleased with him) demise was

Page 64 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 followed by the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī the first successor to the Promised Urdu known as Tafṣīr-i-Kabīr and a (may Allāh be pleased with him). Messiah (may peace be on him). His short commentary of the Holy Qur’ān, Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī’s (may Allāh be pleased Khilāfat started on May 27, 1908 when the Tafsīr-i-Ṣaghīr. with him) Khilāfat was subject to he was elected to be Khalīfah. During Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may much opposition and rebellious his Khilāfat, various different Jamā‘at Allāh be pleased with him) has groups broke out in many places. institutions were established including explained the concept of Khilāfat and Some conspirators murdered him one the planning of Al-Faḍl newspaper. He it’s importance as follows: day while he was going for Fajr also founded the Madrasah Prayer. After his death, the period of Aḥmadiyya as well as laid the “God Almighty does everything Righteous Khilāfat ended and foundation for Ta‘līmul Islām High through wisdom and foresight, overtime, true Khilāfat went School. He also set the treasury, or and there is always a good underground. For the next 626 years, Baitul Māl. reason and logic behind it. Khilāfat became merely a symbol of According to nature’s physical dynastic succession of the ruling Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh laws, man has only a limited life families. be pleased with him) span, but the task of The Promised Messiah (may reformation and training of peace be on him) says in Malfūẓāt: Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn society requires a much longer Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be time. So, Allāh has established “Khalīfah means successor who pleased with him) became the second the system of Khilāfat after the renews the religion. After the Khalīfah after the demise of Ḥaḍrat system of Prophethood. The death of a Prophet, a period of Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be Khalīfah continues and carries darkness follows. The person pleased with him). As the Promised on the task of the Prophet. The who comes in place of the Reformer (Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd), his seed sown by the Prophet is Prophet to remove that Khilāfat brought much success to the protected and nurtured by the darkness is called Khalīfah”. Jamā‘at. At the time of his election, he Khalīfah till it becomes a strong was only 25 years old. In high school, and sturdy tree. It shows that in The Promised Messiah as has told he could not do well in his studies due fact Khilāfat is an offshoot or the Aḥmadiyya Community in his to his ill health. He failed the branch of the system of book Al-Waṣiyyat that his demise will matriculation exam. It was then when Prophethood, that is why the be followed with this second he decided to learn the translation of Holy Prophet (may peace and manifestation, which will be better for the Holy Qur’ān from Ḥaḍrat blessings of Allāh be on him) the people and will remain until Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be says that after every Prophet, doomsday. pleased with him). In February, 1911, the system of Khilāfat is he founded Anjuman Anṣārullāh. In established.” (Welcome to The Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat 1913, he started the publication of the Aḥmadiyyat—The True Islām) newspaper Al-Fazl. The Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat started The will of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul From this quote, it is clear to see after the demise of the Promised Masīḥ I (may Allāh be pleased with why Khilāfat is necessary for the Messiah (may peace be on him). After him) was read out to the Aḥmadīs survival of religion. the Promised Messiah (may peace be present at the moment. In his will, he on him) passed away, there was a suggested the community to elect a Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III (may small faction in the community who new successor. The name of Ḥaḍrat Allāh shower His mercy on him) wanted to do away with the system of Mirzā Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad Khilāfat and wanted the Jamā‘at to be (may Allāh be pleased with him) was Ḥaḍrat Hāfiẓ Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad headed by an Anjuman (association) proposed and the entire congregation (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) rather than a Khalīfah. These include seconded it. started serving first as a professor and Maulawī Muhammad ‘Alī and a few One of the most important then as Principal of Jāmi‘a other people. These people came to be achievements of Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Aḥmadiyya, Qādiān. He also served as known as Lāhorī Aḥmadīs. Since they Masīḥ II was the organization and Ṣadr Khuddāmul-Aḥmadiyya from tried to do away with Allāh’s will, they establishment of foreign missions 1939 to 1949. He played an important were destroyed and today, there is around the world. He established the role in the Furqān Force Battalion, an only a small fraction left of this group; Taḥrīk-i-Jadīd and Waqf-i-Jadīd Aḥmadī volunteer force put at the whereas Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya, under schemes to found missionary work disposal of Government of Pakistan the umbrella of Khilāfat, is and the Jāmi‘a Aḥmadiyya to train for the cause of Muslim freedom multiplying in millions today. missionaries. He organized the fighters of Kashmir. administrative body, the Ṣadr Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ III Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh Anjuman, of the Jamā‘at into various (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) be pleased with him) departments and created auxiliary launched two major schemes: the Faḍl organizations for men, women, and -i-‘Umar Foundation, which funded Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī Nūruddīn children. He wrote a ten-volume the continuation of the projects began (may Allāh be pleased with him) was commentary on the Holy Qur’ān in by Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ Mau‘ūd (may Allāh

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 65 be pleased with him), and the Nuṣrat importantly, prayer for the success of him), became upset and thought Jahān Scheme to organize long-run Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya. that with the death of the Holy humanitarian efforts in West Africa Prophet (may peace and blessings such as schools and hospitals. Blessings of Khilāfat of Allāh be on him), the religion Through this scheme, several medical has also died. But it is the centers and hundreds of schools were 1. Progress for the religion—During blessings of Khilāfat that brings set up which are still working and the time of the Holy Prophet (may back the spirituality among the increasing in numbers day by day. peace and blessings of Allāh be on people and establishes Tauḥīd for him), the message of Islām had the believers. Similarly, after the Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may spread out to the different parts of death of the Promised Messiah Allāh shower His mercy on him) the world but the people started (may peace be on him) there were converting to Islām in leaps and the same sentiments in the During the Khilāfat of Ḥaḍrat bounds through the efforts of Jamā‘at but by the grace of Allāh Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may Allāh Khilāfat-i-Rāshida. The same the blessings of Khilāfat were shower His mercy on him), more than happened during the second again showered on Jamā‘at 150 new mosques and missions were manifestation of Khilāfat in Aḥmadiyya. established. The Holy Qur’ān was Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya. The prophecy 4. Unity among the people—Ḥaḍrat translated into more than 50 which was revealed to the Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh be languages and the Jamā‘at grew Promised Messiah “I will spread pleased with him) says: rapidly. One of the greatest thy message to the corners of the achievements during his Khilāfat was world” was fulfilled in the “Take the example of the solar the development of Muslim television different phases of Aḥmadiyya system. All planets are Aḥmadiyya (MTA). He also wrote a Khilāfat. This happened through revolving around the sun. The translation of the Qur’ān in Urdu and translation of the Holy Qur’ān in nature tells us that it is wrote books on several issues. One of different languages, appointment inevitable to have a central the most memorable parts of his of missionaries across the world, leadership for any organization. Khilāfat were the Question and building of mosques around the Look at the life of the Answer sessions during which he world, establishment of MTA, companions of the Holy would answer people’s questions with publication of Jamā ‘at’s Prophet (may peace and deep insight of religion as well as periodicals and books, creation of blessings of Allāh be on him). reason. websites, and countless other They all marched forward in means some of which are under spiritual worldly matters due to Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh progress. the central leadership. Look be his helper) 2. Peace after a period of fear—at the around today, we have the same time of the demise of the Holy Holy Qur’ān. We have the After the demise of Ḥaḍrat Prophet (may peace and blessings translation and interpretation Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh of Allāh be on him) the people of the Holy Qur’ān and above shower His mercy on him), the were upset and sad. They thought all, we have the Sunnah of the Electoral College met at Faḍl Mosque, that Islām was finished with the Holy Prophet (may peace and London and elected Ḥaḍrat Mirzā death of the Prophet. But it was blessings of Allāh be on him). Masroor Aḥmad (may Allāh be his Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may Allāh be But despite all this, Muslims helper) as Khalīfatul Masīḥ V. His pleased with him) who stood up are victims of all kinds of Khilāfat started on April 22, 2003. He and spoke to the people, which humiliation. This is all because is the current Khalīfah of Jamā‘at eventually helped them to come of one reason and that is the Aḥmadiyya. He is the grandson of the out of the period of grief and lack of Amīr whom everyone Promised Messiah (may peace be on uncertainty. After the demise of must obey”. him) and a maternal grandson of the Promised Messiah (may peace Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be on him), it was the same This quote clearly states one of the be pleased with him). During his situation. The people were grieved biggest blessings of Khilāfat, that of a Khilāfat, mosques are being built and afraid that the Jamā‘at is leader for the whole community, as rapidly throughout the world. He has finished and there were even well as one of the importance of made many tours to Africa and has divisions in the Jamā‘at. But at Khilāfat, unity under one leader. maintained a very active relation with that time, Allāh guided the Through this leadership, the the Jamā‘at by traveling around the Jamā‘at to elect the Khalīfah and community is kept together under the world. His Khilāfat has seen the gave peace and harmony to the same institutions and everyone in the centenary of Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat. members of the Jamā‘at. community follows the same Presently, Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V 3. Establishment of Tauḥīd (oneness guidelines and the same instructions (may Allāh be his helper) has of Allāh)—most of the people, since they come from the same source. launched a worldwide movement for when they heard the news of the the building of new mosques death of the Holy Prophet (may 5. Additionally, Khilāfat causes many increased sacrifices and most peace and blessings of Allāh be on other things to take place. These

Page 66 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 include congregational Prayer, struggles for a collective effort to every house of the world. Inshā’allāh. collection of Ẓakāt, obedience to spread the message of the Prophet the Prophet and his teachings. through different means such as References Furthermore, equality is spread printing of newspapers, articles, among the people and peace is books, and communication through • Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Maḥmūd Aḥmad established among the members of different medias. He establishes the (may Allāh be pleased with him), the community. system of training and education in 1960, The Holy Qur’ān with the Jamā‘at so that people are aware English Translation and Major Objectives of a Khalīfah about the books of Allāh and provide Commentary Volume 4, Islām. knowledge and wisdom to the people. International Publication Limited. The foremost important objective He convinces the people and • Dr. Karimullah Zirvi, Welcome to after the death of a prophet for a teaches them to always be ready for Khalīfah is to continue the work of the any sacrifice in the name of God. He is Aḥmadiyyat—The True Islām. prophet into the next period and like a spiritual father of the Jamā‘at • Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA, May- implementation of the prophet’s and prays for the health, wealth, and June 2005 major tasks. long life of the Jamā‘at. (Translated • Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA, April- A Khalīfah decides the disputes from Al-Nūr, May-June 2005) May, 2001 among the people by remaining At one time, it was the British • Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA, April- impartial to both groups. He decides Empire in which the sun never set. May, 2002 the disputes according to the Islāmic But that empire collapsed as did many • Law. before that. But today, we can say that Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA, May- A Khalīfah keeps the community the sun never sets on Jamā‘at June, 2005 together and leads them in one Aḥmadiyya as Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya has • Aḥmadiyya Gazette USA, April direction. He is also the successor of spread to at least 200 countries 2007 the Prophet in spiritual terms. And around the globe. And if we, as • Al Islām, http:// one of the most important jobs of members of this blessed institution, www.Khilāfat.com/. December 31, Khilāfat is to continue the spiritual stay steadfast to the teaching of Islām, 2007. progress in the people, which was this blessing will most surely spread to initiated by the Prophet. He also every country, every community, and

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2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 69 Khilāfat—A Divine Blessing Hena Tahir, New Jersey (1st Place Essay in Nāṣirāt Category—Khilāfat Centenary Essay-writing Competition)

After Prophethood, Khilāfat is the “We have sent down the Torah then come to an end. There will most important institution in Islām. wherein was guidance and light. follow thereafter-monarchial God ultimately appoints Khulafā’ By it did the Prophets who were despotism to last as long as through His Divine guidance. Though obedient to Us judge for the Allāh shall will and come to an Khilāfat had disappeared, it has been Jews,” (The Holy Qur’ān, 5 [Al- end upon His decree. There will re-established as prophesied by the Mā’idah]:45) then emerge Khilāfat on Holy Prophet (may peace and precept of Prophethood.” blessings of Allāh be on him). Khilāfat Finally, there is Non-Prophet is defined as succession, vicegerent, or Khulafā’ of a Prophet, with or without Here I mention two Aḥādīth, deputy. This means that the Khalīfah temporal powers, such as godly people which portray the importance of the is a successor to a Prophet of Allāh learned in the Law. Their mission is to Imamate and the Imām Mahdī and and his importance is achieving a goal protect and preserve the law from the need for all sincere lovers of Allāh to carry to completion the tasks of being tampered with (The Holy and His beloved Prophet (may peace reformation and moral training that Qur’ān, 5 [Al-Mā’idah]:45). 1 and blessings of Allāh be on him) to were seeded by the Prophet. The institution of Khilāfat actively locate and seek the Imām Moreover, their mission is to protect according to the Holy Qur’ān is that Mahdī. The Aḥādīth are as follows: the Law and to bring back “the erring they are appointed Khulafā’ through flock into the Master’s fold.” Also, God’s own decree in the sense that the “He who dies in a condition that since Khilāfat is the successor after the hearts of believers become inclined he has not recognized the Imām Prophet in the form of a person, he is towards them and they voluntarily of the age dies a death of representing the deceased Prophet accept them as their Khulafā’. ignorance.” 4 and Khalīfah is his subordinate. The Correspondingly, the religion which main reason for why we, Muslims, their mission is to serve becomes “When you hear the advent of need Khilāfat is to be united under firmly established through their the Mahdī then enter into his one Imām. prayers and missionary efforts. fold even if you have to walk on There are many different types of Furthermore, the Khulafā’ enjoy poise snow by crawling and creeping Khilāfat relating with Aḥmadiyyat. A and peace of mind among hardships, to reach him.” 5 study of the Holy Qur’ān reveals the privations or persecution, which fact that Khilāfat has always been nothing can disturb. Along with those The institution of Khilāfat shown to emanate from Allāh, facts, the Khulafā’ worship God alone. according to Muslim Scholars is whatever description it might take. For example, in the discharge of their however slightly distinct. They believe One type of Khilāfat consists of great responsibilities, they fear no one that, “Without the Caliphate, the Khulafā’ who are Prophets such as and they carry on their duties fearless existence of Islām is not possible, the Adam and David (may peace be on and without being discouraged by the Muslims of the world with all their them). About Adam, Allāh says in the difficulties that stand in their way. To effort and power need to work for Holy Qur’ān: indicate that Khilāfat is a great Divine this.” blessing, there has been a verse Just as Allāh appoints a Prophet, “I am about to place a established which states: it is He who appoints a Khalīfah. He vicegerent in the earth” (The selects a man who has the most Holy Qur’ā n, 2 [Al- “Whosoever is ungrateful after qualities that would allow him to Baqarah]:31) that, they will be the become a Khalīfah and guides a group rebellious.” 2 of devout believers into demonstrating And about David Allāh says: His Will through a process of selection The institution of Khilāfat of the Khalīfah. This may seem that “O David, We have made thee a according to Aḥādīth is that, the Khalīfah is chosen by a group of vicegerent in the earth” (The “Prophethood shall remain pious people, but in fact, it is the Will Holy Qur’ān, 38 [Ṣād]:27). among you as long as Allāh of Allāh that guides their faculties into shall will. He will bring about choosing the Khalīfah of His Selection. Another type is Prophets who are its end and follow it with Once a Khalīfah is chosen, he remains the Khulafā’ of another and a greater Khilāfat on the precepts of a Khalīfah for the rest of his life as a Prophet such as the Israelite Prophets Prophethood for as long as He living testament to Divine Will. who all were the Khulafā’ of Moses shall will and then bring about Khilāfat establishes and ensures the (may peace be on him). About them, its end. A tyrannical monarchy authority of Allāh in the world, and Allāh says in the Holy Qur’ān: will then follow and will remain the Khalīfah strives to maintain that as long as Allāh shall will and authority within the community of

Page 70 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 followers. A Khalīfah is a leader who community towards God Almighty. Look around today, we have the has a strong faith, and a high level of According to Ḥaḍ rat Mirzā same Holy Qur’ān. We have the righteousness. For the believers, Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad, translation and interpretation Khilāfat is a comprehension of Allāh’s Khalīfatul Masīḥ II (may Allāh be of the Holy Qur’ān and above Unity, as they choose to take divine pleased with him): all, we have the Sunnah of the authority through the Khalīfah. The Holy Prophet (may peace and believers receive the blessings of “The Khalīfah has two primary blessings of Allāh be on him). Khilāfat by abiding to their faith and objectives. One is to save the But despite all this Muslims are practices, united under him for the Community from victims of all types of pleasure of God Almighty. To sum it contamination of any kind and humiliation. This is all because up, a Khalīfah is a leader elected by the second is to unite and direct of one reason and that is the people but chosen by Allāh. Hence the individual powers of all lack of Amīr (leader) whom Khilāfat is the source of Tablīgh, members under one everyone must obey.” 7 Ta‘līm, and Tarbiyat in the leadership.” 6 community. Fundamentally, God loves those There are a numerous number of This means that the Khalīfah is who love Him. They feel His closeness objectives of Khilāfat. But The Holy responsible for maintaining an allied as He accepts their prayers and helps Qur’ān makes it clear that the main group of righteous people and for them in their time of need. Ordinarily objective of Khilāfat and Prophethood safeguarding the morals of mankind. though, we do not feel His presence. 8 is the moral and spiritual By emphasizing moral conduct, development of mankind. The verse Khilāfat ensures that unity remains Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat is the bona- number 152 of Chapter 2 enumerates within the righteous. If a Khalīfah fide institution that has set goals to four functions of the Prophet: becomes incapable of discharging his lead mankind on the path of duties he cannot be removed from the righteousness, to bring Unity among 1. Recital of God’s verses/signs office, since the demands of good the nations of the world, and to 2. Purification organization demand that someone establish peace and security by 3. Teaching the Book more active should take his place. safeguarding freedom, life, and honor 4. Teaching wisdom However, Khilāfat is a spiritual of all human beings. Using Khilāfat as pedestal and a blessing from God an example, standing behind an Imām These four objectives continued to which results as one of God’s schemes is a demonstration of unity among be the main objectives of the righteous and revelations in order to continue a people, and their surroundings. So and “rightly guided” Khilāfat in the prophet’s mission. basically, a nation can not be united footsteps of the Prophet of Islām. The Unity of mankind inevitably and strong without the Institution of most basic objective, however, of the mirrors Tauḥīd, which is the Unity of Khilāfat. 9 Khalīfah is to carry the message of the Allāh. As God is One, His Message is Khilāfat initiated after the Prophet into the future without losing also One. This message of God passing away of the Promised Messiah the spirit of the message. Almighty is conveyed to mankind by (may peace be on him), who is the The institution of Khilāfat is most means of Prophethood. This means source of unity, guidance, and definitely an important part of that when a believer accepts the blessings for us all. Ḥaḍrat Muṣliḥ religion. Its purpose is to bring people prophet of his time, he also accepts Mau‘ūd (may Allāh be pleased with closer to Allāh. This is a promise that the Unity of Allāh. This would turn the him) says: will keep the believers united through Khalīfah’s mission into the Prophets’ spiritual and temporal leadership. A mission. That is, to continue to unify “According to the Holy Qur’ān, leaderless people are without mankind and declare the Unity of till the end of time, you will direction and their situation will Allāh. Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm Maulawī continue to be blessed with eventually lead to chaos. They do not Nūruddīn, Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may spiritual life and material vision have someone who gives them Allāh be pleased with him), states: from God and the people of guidance and allows them to have other religions and nations will their footsteps followed. A couple of “Take the example of the solar receive this light from you. This examples of this situation in the world system. All planets are spiritual life and material vision today are the Sunni and Shiite revolving around the sun. will empower you to invite Muslims. These groups do not have a Nature tells us that it is others towards Islām. And such leader which is causing them to be inevitable to have a central ability in you, in other words, is disorganized and leading them to be leadership for any organization. called Khilāfat.” 10 disordered and confused. There is also Look at the life of the an Istikhlāf verse established in the companions of the Holy This explains why I recalled Holy Qur’ān. Istikhlāf is translated as Prophet (may peace and earlier that Khilāfat is the source of ‘inheritance of power’ but is more blessings of Allāh be on him). Tablīgh, Ta‘līm, and Tarbiyat in the correctly translated as succession. They all marched forward in community. Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ The Khalī fah has many spiritual and worldly matters IV (may Allāh shower His mercy on responsibilities besides guiding his due to the central leadership. him) says his own thoughts towards

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 71 Khilāfat: demise, Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān Ghanī (may Masroor Aḥmad (may Allāh be his Allāh be pleased with him) was elected helper) was elected to be the “In Islām this is quite clear like and held in office for a period of 12 Khalīfatul Masīḥ. He was born on broad daylight and is a part of years. Finally, there was Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī September 15, 1950. Islāmic teaching that without (may Allāh be pleased with him) who In the end, let us pray to God unity and harmony you cannot had been chosen for 5 years. After Almighty that May Allāh bless our rightly work on the teachings of him, there was no Khilāfat-i-Rāshida. beloved Imām, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Islām. When you go to the It was monarchy in the name of Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may mosque for Namāẓ five times a Khilāfat and majority of Muslims Allāh be his helper) with a long, day, there must be an Imām. agree that Khilāfat-i-Rāshida ended healthy, and dynamic life so that all of Standing behind an Imām is a after Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be us may witness the final victory of demonstration of unity among pleased with him). After many Islām during the period of his people. That is why the Holy centuries, Muslims lost the blessings Khilāfat. Āmīn. Qur’ān especially emphasizes of Khilāfat. Upon the demise of the The following schemes were the need of congregational Promised Messiah (may peace be on initiated by Khulafā’-i-Aḥmadiyyat: Prayer. Imām is given so much him), the institution of Khilāfat was importance that if the Imām restored. • The Taḥrīk-i-Jadīd Scheme was falters, the entire congregation Ḥaḍrat al-Ḥāj Ḥakīm Maulawī initiated on November 23, 1934. must follow his mistake even if Nūruddīn (may Allāh be pleased with • The Waqf-i-Jadīd Scheme was they know that a mistake has him) was the first Successor been committed.” 11 (Khalīfah) to the Promised Messiah announced on December 28, 1957. (may peace be on him). He was born • The Nuṣrat Jahān Scheme was Khilāfat has multitudinous in 1841 at Bhera and was a great launched on June 12, 1970. blessings. I would like to start off by scholar of Arabic and Persian. At the • The Centenary Jubilee Scheme stating that blessings of Khilāfat allow demise of the Promised Messiah (may was established on December 28, us to receive peace and security of the peace be on him), he was elected to 1973. mind. To retain the blessing of the most elevated position of Khalīfah • The Waqf-i-‘Ārḍī Scheme was Khilāfat, vigilance is required as it is a by all the members of the Community. established on March 12, 1996. test and a trail for righteous people. He passed away on March 13, 1914, on • The Holy Qur’ān states: a Friday. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Bashīruddīn The Waqf-i-Nau Scheme was Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Allāh be announce on April 3, 1987. “And He it is Who has made pleased with him) was the second you khalā’if (successors to win Khalīfah and the illustrious Promised Some achievements of Jamā‘at favors of God) on the earth, and Son of the Promised Messiah (may Aḥmadiyya during Khilāfat were that then exalted some of you over peace be on him). On the demise of there was a success building many the others in degrees of rank, so Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ I (may Allāh more Mosques, establishing more that He may try you by that be pleased with him) he was elected schemes, publishing more magazines, which He has given you.” (The the second Successor (Khalīfah) to the and also building more hospitals. Holy Qur’ān, 6 [Al-An‘ām]:166) Promised Messiah (may peace be on 1,879 missions, 14,434 mosques, 64 him) on March 14, 1914. It was during translations of the Holy Qur’ān, and “Then We made you khalā’if his time that the Aḥmadiyya Missions 40+ hospitals established in 189 (successors) in the earth after outside India were established. He countries all provide testimony to the them (i.e. the earlier passed away on November 9, 1965. blessings of Khilā fat. Our generation), that We might see Ḥaḍrat Hāfiẓ Mirzā Nāṣir Aḥmad responsibilities are to pray for the how you would act.” (The Holy (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) success of Khilāfat and to continue Qur’ān, 10 [Al-Yūnus]:15) was the third Successor (Khalīfah) to receiving those blessings on our future the Promised Messiah (may peace be generations. The Khilāfat-i-Rāshida (the on him) and was born in November Rationale aside, the need for Righteous Khilāfat) was established by 1909. He was educated in India and Khilāfat in this day and age can be Almighty God after the demise of the Oxford. He passed away in 1982. demonstrated with the way this world Holy Prophet (may peace and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad (may is revolving around evils. The guide of blessings of Allāh be on him), when Allāh shower His mercy on him) was our journey has to be the Holy Qur’ān, Allāh appointed Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr the fourth Khalīfah and was born on Life and sayings of the Holy Prophet Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with the 18th of December 1928 at Qādiān, (may peace and blessings of Allāh be him) to be the first successor. He was Punjab, India. He started a blessed on him), books of Promised Messiah a caliph for two years. After Ḥaḍrat system of Muslim Television (may peace be on him) but the leader Abū Bakr Siddīque (may Allāh be Aḥmadiyya (MTA) on August 21, 1992. and Imām has to be the Khalīfah. May pleased with him), Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar He passed away on April 19, 2003 at Allāh help us improve our level of Fārūq (may Allāh be pleased with age 74. After his sad demise, our Taqwā so that we become the strong him) was elected. He had been a present day Head of the Aḥmadiyya hands of Khalīfatul Masīḥ and we caliph for 10 years. Soon after his Movement in Islām is Ḥaḍrat Mirzā continue to deserve the blessings of

Page 72 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Khilāfat for all times to come. Āmīn. • 3 Khilāfat: Unity of Man and My Book About God, Edition 2, Peace. Islām International Publications References Limited. • 4 Musnad Aḥmad bin Hanbal. Vol. • 9 4, Pg. 96. Ahmad, Mubasher; Khilāfat and • 1 Maulānā Sheikh Mubarak Caliphate. • 5 Kanz al-‘Ummāl, Vol. 6, pp. 29- Ahmad; 1979, Khilāfat-i-Rāshida, • 10 30. Tafṣīr Sūrah Maryam to Sūrah First Edition, The Ascot Press, ‘Ankabūt by the Promised • 6 http://www.alislam.org/library/ London. Messiah (may peace be on him) • 2 khilafat_importance.html The Holy Qur’ān with English • 11 http://www.alislam.org/library/ • 7 Ḥayāt-i-Nūr, pp. 643-644. Translation and Commentary; khilafat_importance.html. Vol. 4, pp. 1869-1870. • 8 Chaudhry, Rashid Ahmad, 1992.

Guidelines for Group Photos Syed Sajid Ahmad

When taking group photos at attending) otherwise Za‘īm should be number of standing people). events such as local and regional seated/standing in the middle; local Representative of National ‘Āmilah Ijtimā‘āt, the following protocol President, if present, on the right, should be seated/standing in the should be followed to ensure that the then right to the local President middle; regional Nāẓim on the right, group photos are in line with the should be Nā’ib Za‘īm Ṣaf Dom; Nā’ib host Majlis’ Za‘īm on the left. Zu‘amā guidelines provided by the Publication Za‘īm Ṣaf Awwal on the left to the of other Majālis should then be on department of Majlis Anṣārullāh, Za‘īm, then Muntaẓim ‘Umūmī. After either side to fill the chairs and then USA. that other ‘Āmilah members or elders elders. If a missionary is present, he can be seated. should be seated right to the person For local Ijtimā‘ sitting in the center (Za‘īm, regional For regional Ijtimā‘ Nāẓim, or National Representative). Front row should have odd The protocol should also be followed number of chairs—5, 7, 9, 11, etc. (if no Front row should have odd for group photos taken at Majlis’ other chairs are being used then odd number of chairs—5, 7, 9, 11, etc. (if no programs—such as general meetings. number of standing people). Nāẓim (if chairs are being used then odd

Guidelines provided for group photos must be followed at Majlis’ events. Any group photo submitted which does not conform to these guidelines will not be published in Anṣār publications.

Business Cards for Dā‘īn Ilallāh

To encourage Tablīgh activity, Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA is providing business cards to Dā‘īn Ilallāh (callers to Allāh). Dā‘īn Ilallāh are encouraged to request their cards from [email protected] by sending the following information.

• Your name, contact phone number(s), and/or contact email • Address of the mosque/center if there is one in your area • Picture of your mosque if you want it to appear on your card • If your Majlis/Jamā‘at is playing Aḥmadiyya programs on the local access cable channel then cable channel number and the day(s) and time(s) of the broadcast

1-800-why-Islam; Love for all, hatred for none; www.alislam.org will be added to the card. For more information, please contact Qā’id Tablīgh, at [email protected].

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 73 The Institution of Khilāfat—A Historical Perspective Aysha Khan, Baltimore (1st Place Essay in Waqf-i-Nau Category—Khilāfat Centenary Essay-writing Competition)

An Introduction to Khilāfat Khalīfah must look after the spiritual, principle of Khilāfat.” moral, social, and intellectual “Allāh has promised to those wellbeing of the people. Studying the Holy Qur’ān exposes among you who believe and do When asked the importance of the fact that Khilāfat has always good works that He will surely Khilāfat in this day and age, Ḥaḍrat originated from Allāh, no matter what make them Successors in the Khalīfatul Masīḥ IV (may Allāh form it might take. He alone can give earth, as He made shower His mercy on him) said: the blessings of Khilāfat, and He alone Successors from among those can take it back. who were before them; and that “The Muslims who should have He will surely establish for been united and be in harmony, “Say, ‘O Allāh, Lord of them their religion which He are divided in countless sects sovereignty, Thou givest has chosen for them; and that and divisions. It is not only in sovereignty to whomsoever He will surely give them in religious field but in politics Thou pleasest; and Thou takest exchange security and too. When there is schism, they away sovereignty from peace after their fear: They will can achieve nothing in the whomsoever Thou pleasest. worship Me, and they will not world, which a united and Thou exaltest whomsoever associate anything with Me. harmonious people can do. By Thou pleasest and Thou abasest Then whoso is ungrateful after discord and disharmony the whomsoever Thou pleasest. In that, they will be the power of the Muslim world has Thy hand is all good. Thou rebellious.” (The Holy Qur’ān, not only disintegrated, but also surely hast power to do all 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) they are using this broken things.’” (The Holy Qur’ān, 3 strength against one another. [Āl ‘Imrān]:27) The word Khalīfah comes from When such are the conditions, the Arabic word “Khalafa”, literally the aggregate will be below In the Holy Qur’ān, there are four meaning a successor, vicegerent, or zero. types of Khilāfat mentioned, and each “one who comes after.” In historian’s one of them has originated from God. terminology, caliph is the rough The groups may be very equivalent of the words king, powerful, but if they will oppose “O Dā’ūd, We have made you monarch, or ruler. The Khalīfah is a and counteract each other in Khalīfah on this earth...” (The successor to a Prophet of Allāh whose minor and major issues and Holy Qur’ān, 38 [Ṣād]:27) primary intention is to complete the remain busy in fighting, their tasks of reformation and moral power will be scattered and Ḥaḍrat Dā’ūd (may peace be on training that were initiated by the strength broken. him) was a Prophet selected by God, Prophet. Khilāfat is the successor after but simultaneously God had selected the Prophet in the form of a person This is happening in every him as Khalīfah. who is representing the deceased Muslim country. Unfortunately, Secondly, the people of a Prophet prophet and Khalīfah is the vicegerent it is being named as Jihād. are also described as Khulafā’. and his subordinate. In short, he is the What will they gain from all central authority. In the verse above, this? What resources will “Your Lord is about to destroy the words “whoso is ungrateful after remain for their own nation your enemy and make you that, they will be the rebellious” building, defense of Islām or Khulafā’ in the land, that He signify that Khilāfat is a divine fighting the enemy? Therefore, may see how you act.” (The blessing. it is incumbent that Muslims Holy Qur’ān, 7 [Al-A‘rāf]:130) The primary responsibility of the should unite on the hand of Khalīfah is to carry the message of the One Imām. There should be one The third type Khalī fah Prophet without losing the spirit of Imām of the Muslims of the mentioned in the Holy Qur’ān is the the message. This task is best whole world. But without descendants of a people: accomplished when the community is Khilāfat, it is just impossible. united and strong. The community Khilāfat is the successor after “He is who made you Khalīfah’ cannot be united and strong without the Prophet in the form of a in the land” (The Holy Qur’ān, the institution of Khilā fat. person who is representing the 6 [Al-An‘ām]:166). Furthermore, it is the responsibility of deceased prophet and Khalīfah the Khalīfah to caution us, to stay on is the vicegerent and his In the fourth and last mention of the right path, particularly through subordinate. He is the central types of Khilāfat, a section of the weekly Khuṭbahs. In short, the authority. This is the basic faithful believers has also been given

Page 74 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 the name of Khalīfah: Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr and Ḥaḍrat on him), who had been fighting ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased with Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be pleased with “Allāh has promised to those them), the first two Khulafā’, had him) for the caliphate. When asked to among you who believe and do great success during their periods of give up his position by Mu‘āwiyah, he good works that He will surely Khilāfat. With Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may refused and Mu‘āwiyah prepared for make them Khulafā’ in the Allāh be pleased with him), the third battle. Soon before the battle, some of earth as he made `Khulafā’' Khalīfah, came the portion of the Ḥaḍrat Ḥasan’s (may Allāh be pleased from among those who were Rightly-Guided Khilāfat that was, in with him) army, misinterpreting a before them” (The Holy Qur’ān, comparison to the first half of the comment made by him, deserted him 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) caliphate, a failure. When the and many joined Mu‘āwiyah’s forces. mutineers reached their climax and After many skirmishes, Ḥaḍrat Ḥasan Specific Caliphates and the Reasons for demanded Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān’s (may (may Allāh be pleased with him) their Failure Allāh be pleased with him) resignation permitted Mu‘āwiyah to take his from the office of Khilāfat, he told position as caliph, on certain “Prophethood shall remain them insistently: conditions. Ḥaḍrat Ḥasan (may Allāh among you as long as Allāh be pleased with him) passed away shall will. He will bring about “I am not going to part with this some ten years later. its end and follow it with robe of Khilāfat which God The following attempts at Khilāfat on the precepts of Almighty has bestowed upon Caliphate fall under the categories of Prophethood for as long as He me” (Tabarī Vol. V, p. 121). Kings and Monarchs and Dynastic shall will and then bring about Rule in the form of Tyrants. They all its end. A tyrannical monarchy Had Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh began after After Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī’s (may will then follow and will remain be pleased with him) believed that Allāh be pleased with him) death, in as long as Allāh shall will and Khilāfat had been won by him through 750 AD, lasting roughly 420 years. then come to an end. There will the popular vote, he would have gladly Brief accounts and descriptions of follow thereafter monarchial assented to the demands of the people some major caliphates are given despotism to last as long as and left the office. But he refused to below. Allāh shall will and come to an resign the office, because he believed The Umayyad Caliphate end upon His decree. There will it to be insulting the dignity of God to (Damascus, 661-750 AD; Spain, 929- then emerge Khilāfat on leave the office of Khilāfat except in 1031 AD) produced 30 caliphs. The precept of consequence of God’s Will. He was Umayyad caliphs were, for the most Prophethood.” (Musnad martyred at the age of 82, while part, good, fair rulers, with some Aḥmad) reciting the Holy Qur’ān. major exceptions. A companion of the After Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be Holy Prophet (may peace and From this prophecy of the Holy pleased with him) reluctantly accepted blessings of Allāh be on him), Prophet (may peace and blessings of his caliphate, he was pressured by Mu‘āwiyah ibn Abi Sufyan was a Allāh be on him) we can create five Ḥaḍrat ‘Ā’ishah, Ḥaḍrat Ṭalḥah, and member of one of the most prominent specific categories: Ḥaḍrat Ẓubair (may Allāh be pleased families of Mecca, the Umayya. Banū with them) and the Umayyads, to Umayya was a traditional enemy 1. Khilāfat on the precepts of punish the assassins of Ḥaḍrat against Banū Hāshim, the Holy Prophethood ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with Prophet’s (may peace and blessings of 2. Kings and monarchs him). Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be Allāh be on him) clan. Thus, when he 3. Dynastic rule in the form of pleased with him) stated that his main declared his Divine mission, Banū tyrants priority was to reinstate law and order Ummayya fiercely opposed him and 4. The revival of Caliphate with the in the land, and only then he would be fought against him until the conquest advent of a messenger, recipient able to bring the assassins of Ḥaḍrat of Mecca, when they “accepted” defeat of Divine revelation, or Divine ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with and Islām. Though they were prudent Reformer him) to justice. Though he tried his enough to hide their hatred for Ḥaḍrat best to avoid bloodshed, his efforts Muḥammad (may peace and blessings Following are brief summaries of were in vain. Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh of Allāh be on him), their enmity some individual attempts at Khilāfat. be pleased with him) was martyred by towards Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be The first Caliphate, the Rightly- mutineers. pleased with him) was quite open. Guided Caliphate, which falls under Often overlooked in accounts of Ḥaḍrat Umar had appointed the category of Khilāfat on the the Rightly-Guided Khilāfat, Ḥaḍrat Mu‘āwiyah the governor of Syria. For precepts of Prophethood, took place Ḥasan (may Allāh be pleased with forty years, he managed this region. immediately after the demise of the him), son of Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh be Mu‘āwiyah, who was the leader of the Holy Prophet (may peace and pleased with him), became the fifth struggle against Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may blessings of Allāh be on him). It was caliph for just six months. This Allāh be pleased with him) and his extremely successful at first; however, threatened Mu‘āwiyah ibn Abī Ṣufyān, supporters, established himself after near the end of the Khilāfat it took a a companion of the Holy Prophet Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī’s (may Allāh be pleased turn for the worse. (may peace and blessings of Allāh be with him) demise and then Ḥaḍrat

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 75 Ḥasan’s (may Allāh be pleased with The Fatimids were fervent simplicity, among the common him) abdication as caliph in 661 AD, missionaries, and spread the religion people. as the undisputed caliph. His power into Yemen and large parts of Egypt. The five companions of the Holy base had been Syria, and thus By military means they managed to Prophet (may peace and blessings of Damascus became the capital of the broaden their control over areas Allāh be on him) who were selected as first Muslim dynasty and the center of beyond the homeland of Tunisia, into caliphs showed affection and warmth the new Arab empire. Against large parts of North Africa, Sardinia, towards the Muslims, never taking significant opposition he established a and Sicily. Towards the end of the even the slightest advantage of being new law, stating that the position of 10th century, the Fatimids made in a position of power. Other caliphs, caliph shall be hereditary rather than Egypt their center, and managed even who were not granted the robe of chosen with elections. For the next to extend control into the homelands Khilāfat by Allāh the Almighty, were century and more it passed down his of Islām, securing control over the often cruel and cold-hearted, treating family. The Umayyad dynasty ruled holy cities of Mecca and Medina. their subjects as their slaves. Rather, from Damascus until 750 AD It later Missionaries were also sent to India the Khulafā’-i-Rāshidīn themselves established another kingdom at and Central Asia. acted as if they were the servants of Cordoba, in Spain. It was eventually As mentioned previously, the Holy the Muslims. overthrown by the ‘Abbasid Caliphate. Qur’ān shows that Khilāfat has always The Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat is a The ‘Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad, originated from Allāh, no matter what revival of the God-appointed 750-1258 AD; Cairo, 1261-1517 AD) form it takes. Caliphate that came with the advent of produced a total of 55 caliphs. Though This explains why the Umayyad the Promised Messiah (may peace be the rulers were often pious caliphs, and Fatimid Dynasties, among others, on him), who was a divine reformer. many were cruel tyrants who took were unsuccessful and fruitless. The ‘The revival of Caliphate with the pleasure in unnecessary bloodshed. Rightly-Guided Caliphate may have advent of a messenger, recipient of Many God-fearing scholars were ended, but it had much success. Divine revelation, or Divine Reformer’ imprisoned and even brutally Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be pleased refers to our current Khilāfat, which murdered due to holding beliefs with him) created an extremely was by far the most successful different from the merciless kings. A efficient government system, while caliphate, having come with the number of the kings were Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be Promised Messiah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā assassinated, deposed, and blinded pleased with him) compiled a Ghulām Aḥmad Qādiānī (may peace due to their cruelty towards their complete and authoritative text of the be on him), the recipient of Divine subjects. This dynasty obviously falls Holy Qur’ān, among many other revelation. under the category of Dynastic rule in accomplishments. No unavoidable The Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat is almost the form of tyrants foretold by the bloodshed took place during the God- a second appearance of the Khulafā’-i- Holy Prophet (may peace and given caliphate. Other attempts at Rāshidīn. The Promised Messiah (may blessings of Allāh be on him). Khilāfat, such as the Umayyad peace be on him) is in parallel to the The Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt, Dynasty, the Fatimid Dynasty, and Holy Prophet (may peace and taking place from 909-1171 AD Ottoman Dynasty were not successful blessings of Allāh be on him), with claimed to be descendants of Ḥaḍrat and ended catastrophically because them both being the recipients of Fāṭimah (may Allāh be pleased with they were not given by God. divine revelation. About fourteen her), the daughter of the Holy Prophet hundred years ago, Ḥaḍrat Abū Bakr (may peace and blessings of Allāh be “Say, O Allāh, Lord of Siddīque (may Allāh be pleased with on him), and wife of Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may sovereignty, Thou givest him) was the first man to accept Allāh be pleased with him), the fourth sovereignty to whomsoever Islām. Just around one hundred caliph. Scientists, however, after Thou pleasest; and Thou takest twenty years back, Ḥaḍrat Ḥakīm tracing their ancestry, concluded that away sovereignty from Maulawī Nūruddīn (may Allāh be the claim was false. whomsoever Thou pleased with him) was the first to take The Fatimid leader defined pleasest…” (The Holy Qur’ān, 3 the Bai’at (that is, was the first to be himself not only as caliph, but even as [Āl ‘Imrān]:27) initiated into Aḥmadiyyat, the true the Mahdī, the promised leader of the Islām). Both were responsible for Muslim world. The Fatimid caliphs The role of the Rightly-Guided maintaining the unity and order of the considered themselves to be flawless, Caliphate was not hereditary, as was believers after the death of the sinless, and divinely chosen the Umayyad Caliphate and others, recipient of divine revelation. perpetuators of the true form of Islām. but rather was elected by a group of Ḥaḍrat ‘Umar (may Allāh be The focal aim of the Fatimids was men with sound judgment. The pleased with him) and Ḥaḍrat Mirzā to replace the ‘Abbasid caliphate of Muslim Ummah had the right to Bashīruddīn Maḥmūd Aḥmad (may Baghdad with their own, thereby object the condition of affairs and Allāh be pleased with him) established correcting what they considered to differ in their opinions, while during effective systems of administration. have been a grave error back in the 7th the ‘Abbasid Caliphate, those who Under the authority of Ḥaḍrat century, when the original rift dared to stand up against the rulers ‘Uthmān (may Allāh be pleased with between Sunni and Shi‘a Islām were jailed or brutally murdered. The him), the Holy Qur’ān was compiled, occurred. Khulafā’-i-Rāshidīn lived in complete reproduced, and translated. Both the

Page 76 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 third and fourth Aḥmadī Khulafā’ “Say, O Allāh, Lord of possible can benefit from its blessings. compare to him. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Nāṣir sovereignty, Thou givest Aḥmad (may Allāh shower His mercy sovereignty to whomsoever References on him) established schemes to Thou pleasest; and Thou takest promote activities in the fields of away sovereignty from • Mian, Majeed A., Khulafā’-i- research, education, economic welfare whomsoever Thou Rāshidīn. Al-Naḥl, Spring 1995. 17 of the Jamā‘at, and missionary work. pleasest…” (The Holy Qur’ān, 3 Feb. 2008. Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Ṭāhir Aḥmad, Khalīfatul [Āl ‘Imrān]:27) • Khān, Muḥammad Ẓafrullā. Re- Masīḥ IV (may Allāh shower His mercy on him) launched Muslim The institution of Khilāfat Institution of Khilāfat. Al-Naḥl satellite television network, MTA. provides us with a strong leader, to (1995). After Ḥaḍrat ‘Uthmān’s (may guide us through rough times, • Ahmad, Mubarak. An Exposition Allāh be pleased with him) creating a stable and secure Jamā‘at. of Some Criticisms against assassination, Ḥaḍrat ‘Alī (may Allāh If the Muslim Ummah had a Khilāfat-i-Rāshida. 1st ed. be pleased with him) was responsible strong leader, he would have been London. for establishing peace and allowing able to steer us throughout this time • Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor Aḥmad. Al the dust to settle. Our current of global bitterness towards Islām. -Islām. Feb. 21, 2008 http:// Khalīfah, Ḥaḍrat Mirzā Masroor But, they don’t. Muslims are going alislam.org/khilafat/fifth. Aḥmad, Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may about showing the world the face of • Khilāfat in Islām. Aḥmadiyya Allāh be his helper) is leading us Islām, in different ways. Some are Gazette, USA May-June 2005. through a time of skepticism and carrying out acts of terrorism and • hostility towards Islām. brutality, while yet others are showing Mahmood, Lutfur R. Renaissance This year, one hundred years of the true face of Islām by using the pen of Islāmic Caliphate. Aḥmadiyya the Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat have passed. to prove the superiority of Islām. Gazette USA May-June 2005. Allāh the Almighty has granted us the Again, if they had a guide to organize • Najeebabadi, Akbar S. History of blessings of Khilāfat. We must prove this task, then the mission would be Islām. First ed. Vol. 1. 2000. ourselves worthy of the blessed much more successful. • The Revival of the Umayyads. Al- institution. Jamā‘at Aḥmadiyya is fortunate Islām. http://www.al-islam.org/ enough to have a guide, a strong restatement/63.htm. “…Then whoso is ungrateful leader who directs us on the right • after that, they will be the path. It is our responsibility to make Dominguez, J. History of the rebellious.” (The Holy Qur’ān, sure we are worthy of Khilāfat, so our Muslims: Empires of Islām. 24 [Al-Nūr]:56) Khilāfat can last as long as possible http://biblia.com/islam/ and the largest amount of people history.htm.

The Review of Religions Subscription

Ḥaḍrat Khalīfatul Masīḥ V (may Allāh be his helper) has stressed the need to increase the subscription of the Review of Religions magazine. Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) mentioned the low subscription of this very useful publication and advised to increase the number of subscribers. The Promised Messiah (peace be on him) himself started this magazine in 1902 that has covered religion, history, philosophy, law, economics, latest scientific discoveries, and many more subjects for over 100 years. The Promised Messiah (peace be on him) expressed the purpose of the magazine as follows: “As the members of our Jamā‘at are already aware that the principle purpose of my advent is to remove all the fallacies and the misconception which have been caused by Christianity, and to invite people to the true Islām. This objective has also been described by the Holy Prophet Muḥammad (peace be on him) insuch words that the Messiah will “break the cross.” To fulfill this very mission this magazine (the Review of Religions) has been started.” (Al- Ḥakam, Sept 30th, 1903) The cost of the annual subscription for this quarterly publication is $30. Anṣār are urged to say Labbaik to the call of our beloved Ḥuḍūr (may Allāh be his helper) by subscribing to the Review of Religions. Anṣār can also subscribe to the publication for a neighbor, colleague, professor, student, family member, friend, workplace or local library. Members can subscribe to the Review of Religions in one of the following two ways:

• Mail check/money order to Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, 188-15 McLaughlin Ave, Holliswood, NY 11423 • On the Web, by visiting the Jamā‘at’s online book store at http://store.alIslam.org/revofrel.html

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 77 Anṣār Publications Price List

No Publication Price 1 Al-Naḥl—Special Issue on Ḥaḍrat Muftī Muḥammad Ṣādiq $2.00 2 Al-Naḥl—Special issue on Dr. Abdus Salām $3.00 3 Approaching the West $3.00 4 Basic Religious Knowledge Course (Urdu) $3.00 5 Forty Gems of Beauty $2.00 6 Inspiring Events in the Field of Tablīgh $2.00 7 Letter to a Dear One $2.00 8 Muḥammad (may peace and blessings of Allāh be on him) in the Bible (Free for Tablīgh Purposes) $1.00 9 Points to Ponder $2:00 10 Quick Guide to Homeopathy $2.00 11 Razzāq and Farīda $1.50 Salāt Poster. 18x24” Color, Arabic with transliteration and translation (Soft copy of the poster can be downloaded for 12 free at: http://ansarusa.org/sites/default/files/SalatPoster.jpg) $2.00 13 Synopsis of Religious Preaching $2.00 14 Welcome to Aḥmadiyyat $2.00 15 Why Islām is My Choice: Stories of Spiritual Journeys $2.00 16 Words of Wisdom $5.00 17 Jesus, Son of Mary Free 18 Muslim Sunrise—Special issue on Jihād Free 19 Al-Naḥl—Various old issues Free 20 Wonderful Prayers from the Holy Qur’ān Free 21 Khilāfat Centenary Prayers Free 22 Conditions of Bai‘at, Pocket-Size Edition Free 23 Arabic Qaṣīdah—Yā ‘Aina Faidillāh (without I‘rāb) Free 24 Arabic Qaṣīdah—Bi Muali‘in (with I‘rāb) Free 25 ¿JESUCRISTO MURIÓ EN LA CRUZ? (Spanish) Free 26 EL ISLAM UNA RELIGIÓN DE PAZ Y AMOR (Spanish) Free 27 DVD: Jesus in India $1.00 28 Audio CD: Varios Urdu poems $1.00 29 Plastic Ruler for Tablīgh – Love for All, alislam.org $0.25 30 Audio Cassette: Islām and Qur’ān Free 31 Audio Cassette: Resolution of controversial issues Free

Ordering Anṣār Publications

1. Place order at www.amibookstore.us 2. Send payment check to: Anṣār Books, Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, 15000 Good Hope Road, Silver Spring, MD 20905, USA

Page 78 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2 Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, is an auxiliary of the Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, Inc. USA, 15000 Good Hope Road, Silver Spring, MD 20905, USA. It consists of Aḥmadī Muslim men above the age of 40. The Arabic expression Anṣārullāh literally means ‘helpers of God’ and is taken from the Holy Qur’ān (61 [Al-Ṣaf]:15, 3 [Āl ‘Imrān]:53).

Anṣār Pledge

Ash-hadu • allā ilāha • illallāhu • waḥdahū • lā sharīka lahū • wa ash-hadu • anna muḥammadan • ‘abduhū • wa rasūluh

(I bear witness that • there is none worthy of worship • except Allāh. • He is One • (and) has no partner, • and I bear witness • that Muḥammad (may peace and blessings of Allāh be on him) • is His servant and messenger.)

I solemnly pledge that • I shall endeavor • throughout my life • for the propagation • and consolidation • of Aḥmadiyyat in Islām, • and shall stand guard • in defense of • the institution of Khilāfat. • I shall not hesitate • to offer any sacrifice • in this regard. • Moreover, • I shall exhort my children • to always remain dedicated • and devoted to Khilāfat. • Inshā’allāh.

National Majlis-i-‘Āmilah, Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA

2012-2013

Ṣadr: …………………..….……………………………………………………………………………………..Wajeeh Bajwa Nā’ib Ṣadr Ṣaf Dom…………………..….…………………………………………………………………..Imran Hayee

2013

Nā’ib Ṣadr Awwal: …………………..….………………………………………..………………...Khaled Ahmad Ata Mu‘āwin Ṣadr (Information Technology): ………………………………….……..Naseem Ahmed Waseem Mu‘āwin Ṣadr (Special Projects): …………………..….………………………………………………….Basit Khan Qā’id Umūmī (General Secretary): ..………………………………………………..…. Maqbool Ahmad Tahir Qā’id Tablīgh (Preaching): …………………………………………………………....………….Syed Sajid Ahmad Qā’id Tarbiyat (Training): …………………..….……………………………………………….Mohammed Owusu Qā’id Ta‘līm (Education): …………………..….………………………………………….Monas Ahmad Chaudry Qā’id Māl (Finance): …………………..….………………………………………………...Munawar Ahmad Saqib Qā’id Ta‘līmul Qur’ān (Education of the Holy Qur’ān): …………………..….………..Syed Fazal Ahmed Qā’id Ishā‘at (Publication): …………………..….…………………………………………………..Rafiuddin Malik Qā’id Tarbiyat Nau Mubā’i‘īn (Training of New Converts): ….….………………………Waseem Ahmad Qā’id Taḥrīk Jadīd: ………….……..….…………………………………………………Hassiem Abdullah Babatu Qā’id Waqf Jadīd: …………………..….…………………………………………………..…….……………Kalim Wali Qā’id Īthār [Eesaar] (Social Services): …………………..….…………………..…….……………Rizwan Qadir Qā’id Dhahānat wa Ṣiḥat Jismānī (Intellect and Physical Health): …..…………Syed Tanvir Ahmad Qā’id Tajnīd (Membership): …………………..….………..……………………………………….Muneeb Ahmad Auditor: …………………..….……………………………………………………………..…………..M. Dawood Munir

Nā’ib Qā’id Umūmī: …………………..….…………………………………………………….Naveed Ahmad Malik Nā’ib Qā’id Tablīgh: …………………..….…………………………………………..Chaudhary Mushtaq Ahmad Nā’ib Qā’id Māl: …………………..….……………………………………………………...Hisham Ahmad Qureshi Nā’ib Qā’id Māl: …………………..….…………………………………………….Muhammad Shahid Mahmood Nā’ib Qā’id Dhahānat wa Ṣiḥat Jismānī: …………………..….………………………………….Shamim Malik Nā’ib Qā’id Dhahānat wa Ṣiḥat Jismānī: …………………..….……………………………..Mamoon Bokhari Nā’ib Auditor: …………………..….………………………………………………………………….Mazhar-ul-Haque

Arākīn-i-Khuṣūṣī (Special Members): …………………..….…………………………………….Nasir M. Malik

2013 Q1/Q2 - Al-Naḥl Page 79 The image of the plaque affixed at the entrance of Anṣārullāh Hall that was built in 2008 to commemorate the Aḥmadiyya Khilāfat Centenary, at Baitur Raḥmān mosque in Silver Spring, MD, the national headquarter of the Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, USA

Al-Naḥl NONPROFIT Published by Majlis Anṣārullāh, USA, ORGANIZATION An Auxiliary of The Aḥmadiyya Movement in Islām, USA U.S. POSTAGE 15000 Good Hope Rd, Siver Spring, MD 20905 PAID Printed at the Fazl-i-Umar Press. CHAUNCEY, OH Postmaster: Send address changes to PERMIT NO 2 P.O. Box 226, Chauncey, OH 45719

Page 80 - Al-Naḥl Vol. 24 No. 1-2