A Political Assassination
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Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State
Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State By Neil Grant Landers A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in French in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor Debarati Sanyal, Co-Chair Professor Soraya Tlatli, Co-Chair Professor Karl Britto Professor Stefania Pandolfo Fall 2013 1 Abstract of the Dissertation Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State by Neil Grant Landers Doctor of Philosophy in French Literature University of California, Berkeley Professor Debarati Sanyal, Co-Chair Professor Soraya Tlatli, Co-Chair Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State addresses the way the Algerian civil war has been portrayed in 1990s novelistic literature. In the words of one literary critic, "The Algerian war has been, in a sense, one big murder mystery."1 This may be true, but literary accounts portray the "mystery" of the civil war—and propose to solve it—in sharply divergent ways. The primary aim of this study is to examine how three of the most celebrated 1990s novels depict—organize, analyze, interpret, and "solve"—the civil war. I analyze and interpret these novels—by Assia Djebar, Yasmina Khadra, and Boualem Sansal—through a deep contextualization, both in terms of Algerian history and in the novels' contemporary setting. This is particularly important in this case, since the civil war is so contested, and is poorly understood. Using the novels' thematic content as a cue for deeper understanding, I engage through them and with them a number of elements crucial to understanding the civil war: Algeria's troubled nationalist legacy; its stagnant one-party regime; a fear, distrust, and poor understanding of the Islamist movement and the insurgency that erupted in 1992; and the unending, horrifically bloody violence that piled on throughout the 1990s. -
Conspiracy of Peace: the Cold War, the International Peace Movement, and the Soviet Peace Campaign, 1946-1956
The London School of Economics and Political Science Conspiracy of Peace: The Cold War, the International Peace Movement, and the Soviet Peace Campaign, 1946-1956 Vladimir Dobrenko A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, October 2015 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 90,957 words. Statement of conjoint work I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by John Clifton of www.proofreading247.co.uk/ I have followed the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, for referencing. 2 Abstract This thesis deals with the Soviet Union’s Peace Campaign during the first decade of the Cold War as it sought to establish the Iron Curtain. The thesis focuses on the primary institutions engaged in the Peace Campaign: the World Peace Council and the Soviet Peace Committee. -
The United States' Janus-Faced Approach to Operation Condor: Implications for the Southern Cone in 1976
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Supervised Undergraduate Student Research Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects and Creative Work Spring 5-2008 The United States' Janus-Faced Approach to Operation Condor: Implications for the Southern Cone in 1976 Emily R. Steffan University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj Recommended Citation Steffan, Emily R., "The United States' Janus-Faced Approach to Operation Condor: Implications for the Southern Cone in 1976" (2008). Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/1235 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Supervised Undergraduate Student Research and Creative Work at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Emily Steffan The United States' Janus-Faced Approach To Operation Condor: Implications For The Southern Cone in 1976 Emily Steffan Honors Senior Project 5 May 2008 1 Martin Almada, a prominent educator and outspoken critic of the repressive regime of President Alfredo Stroessner in Paraguay, was arrested at his home in 1974 by the Paraguayan secret police and disappeared for the next three years. He was charged with being a "terrorist" and a communist sympathizer and was brutally tortured and imprisoned in a concentration camp.l During one of his most brutal torture sessions, his torturers telephoned his 33-year-old wife and made her listen to her husband's agonizing screams. -
Mexico's Forgotten Dirty
Mexico’s Forgotten Dirty War: Guerrero’s Student, Worker, and Campesino Activism Alejandro Guardado On December 3, 1974, two hundred students in the state of Guerrero, Mexico, protested against state and federal police, demanding the death of their state senator Rubén Figueroa. On the previous day, Figueroa had been rescued by the government after being kidnapped by Marxist guerrillas and held for ransom. In this process, the police shot and killed Lucio Cabañas, the guerrilla leader who held Figueroa hostage. Cabañas was labeled a domestic terrorist and bandit by the Mexican state, and was referred to as Mexico’s most iconic guerrilla by the CIA. Students at the Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero resisted and attacked political figures like Figueroa by producing images that included phrases such as, “Muera Figueroa ” (Die Figueroa) and “ Figueroa es traidor ” (Figueroa is a traitor). 1 Such demonstrations reveal the hostile relationship between Guerrero students and politicians as the youth pledged allegiance to this local guerrilla leader. These activists protested and sought vengeance against their state’s established political leaders and police forces. To university students and professors, as well as other sectors of Guerrero’s society, Cabañas’ death felt like a personal loss and direct attack. This student action demonstrates a disconnect from local and federal government, as students clearly rejected the legitimacy of political figures. Through their protest, students identified themselves as noncombatants associated with Guerrero’s insurgent movement during the Dirty War. While Americans remember the Cold War era for the ever- looming threat of nuclear annihilation, many Mexicans faced the threat of an internal Dirty War from their government. -
180203 the Argentine Military and the Antisubversivo Genocide
Journal: GSI; Volume 11; Issue: 2 DOI: 10.3138/gsi.11.2.03 The Argentine Military and the “Antisubversivo” Genocide DerGhougassian and Brumat The Argentine Military and the “Antisubversivo ” Genocide: The School of Americas’ Contribution to the French Counterinsurgency Model Khatchik DerGhougassian UNLa, Argentina Leiza Brumat EUI, Italy Abstract: The article analyzes role of the United States during the 1976–1983 military dictatorship and their genocidal counterinsurgency war in Argentina. We argue that Washington’s policy evolved from the initial loose support of the Ford administration to what we call “the Carter exception” in 1977—79 when the violation of Human Rights were denounced and concrete measures taken to put pressure on the military to end their repressive campaign. Human Rights, however, lost their importance on Washington’s foreign policy agenda with the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and the end of the Détente. The Argentine military briefly recuperated US support with Ronald Reagan in 1981 to soon lose it with the Malvinas War. Argentina’s defeat turned the page of the US support to military dictatorships in Latin America and marked the debut of “democracy promotion.” Keywords: Proceso, dirty war, human rights, Argentine military, French School, the School of the Americas, Carter Page 1 of 48 Journal: GSI; Volume 11; Issue: 2 DOI: 10.3138/gsi.11.2.03 Introduction: Framing the US. Role during the Proceso When an Argentine military junta seized the power on March 24, 1976 and implemented its “ plan antisubversivo ,” a supposedly counterinsurgency plan to end the political violence in the country, Henry Kissinger, the then United States’ Secretary of State of the Gerald Ford Administration, warned his Argentine colleague that the critiques for the violation of human rights would increment and it was convenient to end the “operations” before January of 1977 when Jimmy Carter, the Democratic candidate and winner of the presidential elections, would assume the power in the White House. -
Spies, Assassins, and Statesmen in Mexico's Cold
European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies Revista Europea de Estudios Latinoamericanos y del Caribe No. 103 (2017): January-June, pp. 143-156 www.erlacs.org Spies, Assassins, and Statesmen in Mexico’s Cold War Book Review Essay by Wil G. Pansters – Eclipse of the Assassins. The CIA, Imperial Politics, and the Slaying of Mex- ican Journalist Manuel Buendía, by Russell H. Bartley and Sylvia Erickson Bartley. University of Wisconsin Press, 2015. – Mexico’s Cold War. Cuba, the United States, and the Legacy of the Mexican Revolution, by Renata Keller. Cambridge University Press, 2015. – The Logic of Compromise in Mexico. How the Countryside Was Key to the Emergence of Authoritarianism, by Gladys I. McCormick. The University of North Carolina Press, 2016. We all know they exist: the connections between formal (elected) government and state authorities (police chiefs, ministers, presidents, statesmen), who move in the public sphere with decorum and pomp and according to prescribed ritu- als of power, and figures who mainly move in the shadowy world beyond the rule of law to carry out tasks deemed necessary to defend state and economic interests. This is the world where spies, security agents, and professional hit- men meet and mash with criminals and drug traffickers. These connections are often facilitated and organized by formal state agencies such as the secret ser- vice, special sections of the police or the army, bridging legality and illegality. Even though everybody remotely interested in the inner workings of U.S. em- pire and Latin American states will acknowledge them, the books reviewed here reveal, in different degrees, the networks between statesmen, spies and assassins so strikingly that it obliges the reader to rethink previous understand- ings of particular historical processes or episodes. -
Killing Hope U.S
Killing Hope U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II – Part I William Blum Zed Books London Killing Hope was first published outside of North America by Zed Books Ltd, 7 Cynthia Street, London NI 9JF, UK in 2003. Second impression, 2004 Printed by Gopsons Papers Limited, Noida, India w w w.zedbooks .demon .co .uk Published in South Africa by Spearhead, a division of New Africa Books, PO Box 23408, Claremont 7735 This is a wholly revised, extended and updated edition of a book originally published under the title The CIA: A Forgotten History (Zed Books, 1986) Copyright © William Blum 2003 The right of William Blum to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Cover design by Andrew Corbett ISBN 1 84277 368 2 hb ISBN 1 84277 369 0 pb Spearhead ISBN 0 86486 560 0 pb 2 Contents PART I Introduction 6 1. China 1945 to 1960s: Was Mao Tse-tung just paranoid? 20 2. Italy 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood style 27 3. Greece 1947 to early 1950s: From cradle of democracy to client state 33 4. The Philippines 1940s and 1950s: America's oldest colony 38 5. Korea 1945-1953: Was it all that it appeared to be? 44 6. Albania 1949-1953: The proper English spy 54 7. Eastern Europe 1948-1956: Operation Splinter Factor 56 8. Germany 1950s: Everything from juvenile delinquency to terrorism 60 9. Iran 1953: Making it safe for the King of Kings 63 10. -
ONE STEP at a TIME Per Bay, No Minimum
THIS WEEK on the WEB White River Township Fire Department honors employees Page 2 BEECH GROVE • CENTER GROVE • GARFIELD PARK & FOUNTAIN SQUARE • GREENWOOD • SOUTHPORT • FRANKLIN & PERRY TOWNSHIPS FREE • Week of March 7-13, 2019 Serving the Southside Since 1928 ss-times.com PAGES 6-9 SBL: COVER STORY E.M. Company celebrates 50 years PAGE 6 RENTAL BAYS Rent garage bay, $15 an hour ONE STEP AT A TIME per bay, no minimum. Perry Meridian senior wins first prize TOOLS available for rental for $5 an hour: scholarship after a life of adversity compressor, welder, chop saw, cut off saw, working cabinet, floor jacks, hydraulic lift for engines, PAGES 4-5 drills, torches and impact gun. ROBERT HAUNTS & JAUNTS SUMMER CAMPS 2019 GRAMMAR GUY SBL: OPEN 4 BUSINESS HENRY Stressful host produces Today’s summer camps offer Top 10 funniest words a Mechanic’s Friend A ‘farm’ in the city stressful ghost something for everyone in the English language 317-650-6099 Page 9 Page 3 Pages 11-17 Page 22 University Heights - rehab that works for everyone. REHABILITATION LONG TERM CARE MEMORY SUPPORT superPOWER www.university-heights.us 2 Week of March 7-13, 2019 • ss-times.com COMMUNITY The Southside Times Contact the Southside THIS Editor/Publisher News Quiz on the Have any news tips? Want WEEK to submit a calendar event? WEB Have a photograph to How well do you know your share? Call Rick Myers at 300-8782 or email him at Southside community? [email protected]. Remember, our news Test your current event deadlines are several days knowledge each week prior to print. -
In Argentina: Antisemitism, Exclusion, and the Formation of Argentine Nationalism and Identity in the 20Th Century and During Military Rule (1976-1983)
Bowdoin College Bowdoin Digital Commons Honors Projects Student Scholarship and Creative Work 2021 The Jewish “Other” in Argentina: Antisemitism, Exclusion, and the Formation of Argentine Nationalism and Identity in the 20th Century and during Military Rule (1976-1983) Marcus Helble Bowdoin College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/honorsprojects Part of the Jewish Studies Commons, and the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Helble, Marcus, "The Jewish “Other” in Argentina: Antisemitism, Exclusion, and the Formation of Argentine Nationalism and Identity in the 20th Century and during Military Rule (1976-1983)" (2021). Honors Projects. 235. https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/honorsprojects/235 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship and Creative Work at Bowdoin Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of Bowdoin Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Jewish “Other” in Argentina: Antisemitism, Exclusion, and the Formation of Argentine Nationalism and Identity in the 20th Century and during Military Rule (1976-1983) An Honors Paper for the Department of History By Marcus Helble Bowdoin College, 2021 ©2021 Marcus Helble Dedication To my parents, Rebecca and Joseph. Thank you for always supporting me in all my academic pursuits. And to my grandfather. Your life experiences sparked my interest in Jewish history and immigration. Thank you -
CHAPTER FOUR Spain to China
HAMPSTEAD HEATH TO TIAN AN MEN (AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF DAVID CROOK, CHINA) CHAPTER FOUR Spain to China - Agent to Educator (1938-41) I reached Barcelona a week before street fighting broke out within the Republican ranks. The city was in a state of tension. I arrived on the night of April 27. I can picture a dimly-lit room in a hotel on the fashionable Paseo de Gracia, with half a dozen shadowy figures discussing in three languages (Russian, Spanish and English) what I was to do. My ultimate KGB orders were to spy on one of the opposing sides in the impending conflict: the POUM (an anti-Stalinist left wing political party) and their allies. These included the Spanish anarchists and, of special interest to me, the British Independent Labour Party (ILP), with whom George Orwell was aligned, My contact was to be one "Sean O'Brien", a pleasant enough character, though less genial than his name suggests. The fighting broke out on May 3, when the Republican Government tried to seize the main telephone exchange. Until that day the Telefonica had been controlled by the anarchists, who were in a position to listen to and interrupt phone calls by top government and Communist Party officials I was instructed to write a brief political autobiographical sketch. I had provided one orally in Madrid. Now more details were to be told. I complied conscientiously, including the fact that I was of Jewish family background, naively believing that this would attest to my anti-fascism, never dreaming that anti-Semitism might exist in Soviet society still less in a Communist intelligence organization. -
Community Security in Caracas: the Collective Action of Foundation Alexis Vive
COMMUNITY SECURITY IN CARACAS: THE COLLECTIVE ACTION OF FOUNDATION ALEXIS VIVE A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Latin American Studies By Jonathan Weinstock, B.A. Washington, DC August 25, 2015 Copyright 2015 by Jonathan Weinstock All Rights Reserved ii COMMUNITY SECURITY IN CARACAS: THE COLLECTIVE ACTION OF FOUNDATION ALEXIS VIVE Jonathan Weinstock, B.A. Thesis Advisor: Marc W Chernick, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This thesis is divided into two arguments. The first part is an argument for community security: a community-based vision of human security, which conflates development and personal security. Social movements then animate community security, addressing local problems and creating endogenous solutions. Arturo Escobar’s work on post-development theory and Raúl Zibechi’s new social movements as territories in resistance best explains this phenomenon. At the community level, I utilize Stephen Schneider’s work on community crime prevention and organic mobilization as complex and difficult to maintain. With this lens, I establish an analytical framework for community security movements based on the themes of identity, praxis, constituency and autonomy. Examinations on gender relations, networks, violence and production are also weaved into the analysis. The second part is an argument that a Caracas (Venezuela) based group is a community security movement and that this analytical framework is best fitted for understanding them. Though Caracas is among the most insecure and politically turbulent cities in Latin America, small pockets of peace exist in working class neighborhoods. -
Popular Politics, Democracy, and Citizenship on the Peripheries of Guadalajara, Me
THE COUNTERNARRATIVES OF DOÑA LUCHA: POPULAR POLITICS, DEMOCRACY, AND CITIZENSHIP ON THE PERIPHERIES OF GUADALAJARA, MEXICO, 1965-1994 by Brad H. Wright A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Public History Middle Tennessee State University August 2020 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Christoph Rosenmüller, Chair Dr. Martha Norkunas Dr. Louis Kyriakoudes Dr. Tanalís Padilla ACKNOWLEDGMENTS During the many stages of a six-year process of research and writing, I benefited immeasurably from the mentorship, support, and scholarly critiques of Christoph Rosenmüller, Tanalís Padilla, Martha Norkunas, Louis Kyriakoudes, and Pippa Holloway. Alex Aviña, Celso Castilho, Carwil Bjork-James, Jorge Delgadillo, Jaime Pensado, and Catherine Nolan-Ferrell all kindly engaged this project at different moments and provided rich insights. I deeply appreciate the indispensable wisdom, patience, and generosity of colleagues in Guadalajara, especially Noemí Gómez, Martha Arias, Efrén Orozco, Sonia Serrano, Rubén Martín, Esther Carrillo, Susana Montoya, Robert Curley, Luis Fernando Arana, Celina Becerra, Jorge Regalado, Hilda Monraz, Ana María de la O, Juan Carlos Núñez, Elena Casanova, Alicia Sahagún, Mercedes Pascual, Claudia Delgado, and Angelica Jiménez. Through participation in conferences, I had the privilege of receiving impactful commentary from many scholars. I offer special thanks to fellow panelists and audience members at the VIII Encuentro Internacional de Historia Oral y Memoria in Bogotá, Colombia in 2019, the 2018 Southeastern Council of Latin American Studies meeting, the 2017 Latin American and Caribbean Section of the Southern Historical Association proceedings, the 2016 Latin American Studies Association meeting, the 2015 Society for U.S. Intellectual History conference, and the 2014 meeting of the Southeastern Council of Latin American Studies.