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Whose Brain Drain? Immigrant Scholars and American Views of Germany
Harry & Helen Gray Humanities Program Series Volume 9 WHOSE BRAIN DRAI N? IMMIGRANT SCHOLARS AND AMERICAN VIEWS OF GERMANY Edited by Peter Uwe Hohendahl Cornell University American Institute for Contemporary German Studies The Johns Hopkins University Harry & Helen Gray Humanities Program Series Volume 9 WHOSE BRAIN DRAIN? IMMIGRANT SCHOLARS AND AMERICAN VIEWS OF GERMANY Edited by Peter Uwe Hohendahl Cornell University The American Institute for Contemporary German Studies (AICGS) is a center for advanced research, study and discussion on the politics, culture and society of the Federal Republic of Germany. Established in 1983 and affiliated with The Johns Hopkins University but governed by its own Board of Trustees, AICGS is a privately incorporated institute dedicated to independent, critical and comprehensive analysis and assessment of current German issues. Its goals are to help develop a new generation of American scholars with a thorough understanding of contemporary Germany, deepen American knowledge and understanding of current German developments, contribute to American policy analysis of problems relating to Germany, and promote interdisciplinary and comparative research on Germany. Executive Director: Jackson Janes Board of Trustees, Cochair: Fred H. Langhammer Board of Trustees, Cochair: Dr. Eugene A. Sekulow The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) alone. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies. ©2001 by the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies ISBN 0-941441-55-5 This Humanities Program Volume is made possible by the Harry & Helen Gray Humanities Program. Additional copies are available for $5.00 to cover postage and handling from the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies, Suite 420, 1400 16th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. -
Helmut Walser Smith, "Nation and Nationalism"
Smith, H. Nation and Nationalism pp. 230-255 Jonathan Sperber., (2004) Germany, 1800-1870, Oxford: Oxford University Press Staff and students of University of Warwick are reminded that copyright subsists in this extract and the work from which it was taken. This Digital Copy has been made under the terms of a CLA licence which allows you to: • access and download a copy; • print out a copy; Please note that this material is for use ONLY by students registered on the course of study as stated in the section below. All other staff and students are only entitled to browse the material and should not download and/or print out a copy. This Digital Copy and any digital or printed copy supplied to or made by you under the terms of this Licence are for use in connection with this Course of Study. You may retain such copies after the end of the course, but strictly for your own personal use. All copies (including electronic copies) shall include this Copyright Notice and shall be destroyed and/or deleted if and when required by University of Warwick. Except as provided for by copyright law, no further copying, storage or distribution (including by e-mail) is permitted without the consent of the copyright holder. The author (which term includes artists and other visual creators) has moral rights in the work and neither staff nor students may cause, or permit, the distortion, mutilation or other modification of the work, or any other derogatory treatment of it, which would be prejudicial to the honour or reputation of the author. -
Historical Aspects of Thuringia
Historical aspects of Thuringia Julia Reutelhuber Cover and layout: Diego Sebastián Crescentino Translation: Caroline Morgan Adams This publication does not represent the opinion of the Landeszentrale für politische Bildung. The author is responsible for its contents. Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Thüringen Regierungsstraße 73, 99084 Erfurt www.lzt-thueringen.de 2017 Julia Reutelhuber Historical aspects of Thuringia Content 1. The landgraviate of Thuringia 2. The Protestant Reformation 3. Absolutism and small states 4. Amid the restauration and the revolution 5. Thuringia in the Weimar Republic 6. Thuringia as a protection and defense district 7. Concentration camps, weaponry and forced labor 8. The division of Germany 9. The Peaceful Revolution of 1989 10. The reconstitution of Thuringia 11. Classic Weimar 12. The Bauhaus of Weimar (1919-1925) LZT Werra bridge, near Creuzburg. Built in 1223, it is the oldest natural stone bridge in Thuringia. 1. The landgraviate of Thuringia The Ludovingian dynasty reached its peak in 1040. The Wartburg Castle (built in 1067) was the symbol of the Ludovingian power. In 1131 Luis I. received the title of Landgrave (Earl). With this new political landgraviate groundwork, Thuringia became one of the most influential principalities. It was directly subordinated to the King and therefore had an analogous power to the traditional ducats of Bavaria, Saxony and Swabia. Moreover, the sons of the Landgraves were married to the aristocratic houses of the European elite (in 1221 the marriage between Luis I and Isabel of Hungary was consummated). Landgrave Hermann I. was a beloved patron of art. Under his government (1200-1217) the court of Thuringia was transformed into one of the most important centers for cultural life in Europe. -
Perspectives Vol. 3 No. 2
Perspectives (1969-1979) Volume 3 Number 2 Fall Article 1 1-1971 Perspectives Vol. 3 No. 2 Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/perspectives Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the Liberal Studies Commons Recommended Citation (1971) "Perspectives Vol. 3 No. 2," Perspectives (1969-1979): Vol. 3 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/perspectives/vol3/iss2/1 This Complete Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Western Michigan University at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Perspectives (1969-1979) by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Volume 3 Fall 1971 No. 2 COPYRIGHT 1971 BY SCHOOL OF GENERAL STUDIES, WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY. Cover Design by FREDERICK W. SEEGERS Graphic Artist, WMU-TV Printed at Printing Services, Western Michigan University PERSPECTIVES is a publication of the School of General Studies at Western Michigan. It is designed primarily for members of the Association for General and Liberal Studies, and for any other persons who in some way are committed to improving undergraduate educa tion. Inquiries about membership in the Association for General and Liberal Studies should be directed to Professor Ollin J. Drennan, College of General Studies, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001. EDITORIAL BOARD EDITORIAL STAFF Neal Balanoff Joseph M. Condie, Editor Samuel Baskin F. Theodore Marvin, Co-Editor Kenneth E. Boulding Susan Glidden, Editorial Emanuel Hackel Associate Stanley J. Idzerda Robert M. Limpus Clifford L. Maier Joseph R. Royce EXECUTIVE COUNCIL AGLS Douglas Dunham, Michigan State University President January 1, 1974 Ollin Drennan, Western Michigan University Secretary January 1, 1974 H. -
Stop 3 on German Avenues Route Wartburg Castle
German Avenues Route Route 2 5 Stops From the tiptop of the country at the Baltic Sea all the way down to Lake Constance, the German Avenues Route connects tree-lined paths, bucolic scenery, glittering lakes, forested trails, stunning castles, and postcard towns. Don’t take this one too fast—the Avenues Route is all about slowing down and soaking it in. MATADOR network in paid partnership paid in with Photo:Shutterstock/dugdax Stop 1 on German Avenues Route Rügen Photo:Shutterstock/ricok Germany’s Baltic coastline might not be on the international visitor list, but it’s hugely popular with German tourists, and for good reason. A string of pleasant seaside towns with generous beaches and a laid-back atmosphere lacking the clueless crowds? Yes, please. We’ll take two. One of the main hotspots here is Rügen, Germany’s largest island, which lies on the eastern edge of the coast towards the Polish border. Spanning some 350 square miles, it has an abundance of sand, quaint fishing villages, and national parks with chalky cliffs. Major events like the Störtebeker Festival open-air theatre show, in Ralswiek, take place here as well, and the 200-year-old Putbus Theater is as regal as they come. Note: A 100-year-old narrow-gauge railway called “Raging Roland” connects many of the island’s resorts. Click here for more info Stop 2 on German Avenues Route Bauhaus at Dessau Photo:Staatskanzlei Sachsen-Anhalt/Michael Deutsch Dessau is all but synonymous with the Bauhaus school of design, which really hit its stride when it operated from Dessau between 1925 and 1932. -
Wartburg Castle in Germany
Wartburg Castle in Germany Fortress atop a Hill – Wartburg Castle in Eisenach, Germany Wartburg Castle is a historic work of medieval architecture in Eisenach, Germany. The fortress atop a hill is today seen as a symbol of Germany's feudal period. Construction of the castle as the royal residence of the Ludovicians began in 1067, the work of Count Ludwig der Springer (the Jumper). The family prospered for about 200 years, until the death of King Heinrich Raspe IV, the last Ludovician king. After the end of the Ludovician dynasty, the castle fell to the Margrave of Wettin, Heinrich von Meissen. This marked the beginning of the end of Wartburg Castle, as the seat of power soon moved elsewhere. Wartburg Castle is most famous for the role it played in the life of Martin Luther. Excommunicated by Pope Leo X in May 1521, Luther went to Wartburg to hide out throughout his exile. Luther lived in the castle until March 1522, and during his time in the castle, he translated the New Testament into German, which soon became the most popular translation. For this, Wartburg is a pilgrimage destination for Christians from around the world. In 1817, the first Wartburg Festival took place with German fraternities celebrating the nation's victory over Napoleon. It was also the site of book burnings and other events during the 1848 Revolution, and the movement for unification. Architect Hugo von Ritgen helped reconstruct Wartburg Castle in the 19th century under plans by the Grand Duke of Saxony. The restoration brought back the 16th century designs, including the Luther Room. -
The German Fear of Russia Russia and Its Place Within German History
The German Fear of Russia Russia and its place within German History By Rob Dumont An Honours Thesis submitted to the History Department of the University of Lethbridge in partial fulfillment of the requirements for History 4995 The University of Lethbridge April 2013 Table of Contents Introduction 1-7 Chapter 1 8-26 Chapter 2 27-37 Chapter 3 38-51 Chapter 4 39- 68 Conclusion 69-70 Bibliography 71-75 Introduction In Mein Kampf, Hitler reflects upon the perceived failure of German foreign policy regarding Russia before 1918. He argues that Germany ultimately had to prepare for a final all- out war of extermination against Russia if Germany was to survive as a nation. Hitler claimed that German survival depended on its ability to resist the massive faceless hordes against Germany that had been created and projected by Frederick the Great and his successors.1 He contends that Russia was Germany’s chief rival in Europe and that there had to be a final showdown between them if Germany was to become a great power.2 Hitler claimed that this showdown had to take place as Russia was becoming the center of Marxism due to the October Revolution and the founding of the Soviet Union. He stated that Russia was seeking to destroy the German state by launching a general attack on it and German culture through the introduction of Leninist principles to the German population. Hitler declared that this infiltration of Leninist principles from Russia was a disease and form of decay. Due to these principles, the German people had abandoned the wisdom and actions of Frederick the Great, which was slowly destroying German art and culture.3 Finally, beyond this expression of fear, Hitler advocated that Russia represented the only area in Europe open to German expansion.4 This would later form the basis for Operation Barbarossa and the German invasion of Russia in 1941 in which Germany entered into its final conflict with Russia, conquering most of European 1 Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf, trans Ralph Manheim (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1943, originally published 1926), 197. -
Stunde Null: the End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago." Their Contributions Are Presented in This Booklet
STUNDE NULL: The End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago Occasional Paper No. 20 Edited by Geoffrey J. Giles GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE WASHINGTON, D.C. STUNDE NULL The End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago Edited by Geoffrey J. Giles Occasional Paper No. 20 Series editors: Detlef Junker Petra Marquardt-Bigman Janine S. Micunek © 1997. All rights reserved. GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE 1607 New Hampshire Ave., NW Washington, DC 20009 Tel. (202) 387–3355 Contents Introduction 5 Geoffrey J. Giles 1945 and the Continuities of German History: 9 Reflections on Memory, Historiography, and Politics Konrad H. Jarausch Stunde Null in German Politics? 25 Confessional Culture, Realpolitik, and the Organization of Christian Democracy Maria D. Mitchell American Sociology and German 39 Re-education after World War II Uta Gerhardt German Literature, Year Zero: 59 Writers and Politics, 1945–1953 Stephen Brockmann Stunde Null der Frauen? 75 Renegotiating Women‘s Place in Postwar Germany Maria Höhn The New City: German Urban 89 Planning and the Zero Hour Jeffry M. Diefendorf Stunde Null at the Ground Level: 105 1945 as a Social and Political Ausgangspunkt in Three Cities in the U.S. Zone of Occupation Rebecca Boehling Introduction Half a century after the collapse of National Socialism, many historians are now taking stock of the difficult transition that faced Germans in 1945. The Friends of the German Historical Institute in Washington chose that momentous year as the focus of their 1995 annual symposium, assembling a number of scholars to discuss the topic "Stunde Null: The End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago." Their contributions are presented in this booklet. -
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Wartburg (Germany) No
of the arts, Wartburg Castle attracts around half a million Wartburg (Germany) visitors every year, from all over the world.. [Note: The State Party does not make any proposals in the nomination dossier as regards the criteria under which No 897 it considers the property should be inscribed on the World Heritage List.] Category of property In terms of the categories of property set out in Article 1 Identification of the 1972 World Heritage Commission, this is a monument. Nomination The Wartburg Location Eisenach, Free State of Thuringia History and Description History State Party Germany The legendary creation of Wartburg Castle is attributed to Date 25 June 1998 Count Ludwig der Springer. The first steps in its construction were taken in 1067, following the troubles caused by the Investiture Contest, troubles which encouraged the birth of feudalism. The castle is Justification by State Party mentioned for the first time in 1080 as a strategic base, one of the key points in the early years of Ludovician There is hardly a castle in all Germany as famous as sovereignty. This sovereignty grew more firmly Wartburg. Its situation, perched on a height of some established during the first half of the 12th century. 400m above delightful countryside south of the city of Raised to the dignity of landgraves, the Ludovicians Eisenach in Thuringia, its varied aspect, and the sense of supported the policies of the Stauffen emperors. The harmony it evokes are only two of its attractions for building of the palace in the second half of the 12th visitors. What makes Wartburg Castle such a magnet for century illustrates their status as Princes of the Empire. -
1999 Fritz Stern FRIEDENSPREIS DES DEUTSCHEN BUCHHANDELS
1999 Fritz Stern FRIEDENSPREIS DES DEUTSCHEN BUCHHANDELS Bronislaw Geremek Außenminister der Republik Polen _________________________________ Laudatio Es ist mir eine besondere Ehre, heute aus konnte, oder dem Land, das mich gütigst aufge- Anlass der Verleihung eines der großartigsten nommen hat?«. Bei seiner Selbstbestimmung deutschen und europäischen Preise an den her- bezieht sich Fritz Stern auf Deutschland und vorragenden Historiker Fritz Stern vor diesem Amerika. Publikum sprechen zu dürfen. Ich halte es für Deutschland ist das Land seiner Kindheit. bedeutungsvoll und symbolträchtig, dass gerade Er wurde in Breslau in einer jüdischen Familie, jetzt, wo die Magie der runden Jahreszahlen uns die seit zwei Generationen assimiliert war, gebo- zur Reflexion über das nächste Jahrhundert und ren. 1938, im Alter von zwölf Jahren, verlässt Jahrtausend verleitet, ein Historiker mit diesem Fritz Stern mit seinen Eltern Deutschland und Preis ausgezeichnet wurde. Paul Valery sagte gelangt in die USA. Er bewundert die Dichtung einst, die Geschichte sei eines der gefährlichsten Heinrich Heines und spricht kein Wort Englisch. Gifte, die die Chemie des Intellekts erzeugt Wie seine Urgroßväter, Großväter und sein Va- habe. Diese bitteren Worte sind am Ende des 20. ter sollte er Arzt werden, »aber erlebte Ge- Jahrhunderts von einer gewichtigen Aussage- schichte, der Bann der Zeit« lenkten ihn in eine kraft. Der große Historikerstreit in Deutschland andere Richtung. Er wurde zum Historiker der und anderswo scheint sie zu bestätigen. Man- Selbstzerstörung Deutschlands, deren Ursprung cherorts erliegt manch einer der Versuchung, er in den Jahren, die dem Ersten Weltkrieg vor- sich von der Geschichte abzuwenden, keine Ver- angingen, erblickte. Vielleicht tat er dies, weil antwortung für die Vergangenheit zu überneh- der Historiker zugleich in der Gegenwart und in men, will sich mit der Suche, um das Gesche- der Vergangenheit zu leben versteht. -
Juergen Boos in Conversation with Jonathan Landgrebe the Ghost In
the frankfurt magazine Juergen Boos in Conversation with Jonathan Landgrebe The Ghost in the Machine – Artificial Intelligence in German Books The Bauhaus in the World – A Century of Inspiration Time for a Second Look – Graphic Adaptations of Multimedia Worlds EDITORIAL Dear readers, Bauhaus. And they’re not just for display: anyone Are you intrigued by our cover photo? I’d like to can try the costumes on. Their first appearance is tell you the story behind this image. In 2019, we’re at the German Guest of Honour presentation at Cicek © FBM/Nurettin celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Bau the Taipei International Book Exhibition in Febru haus – the most important art, design and archi ary. And of course, this isn’t all we’re presenting in Bärbel Becker tecture school of the 20th century. On our cover, Taipei: we’ve put together a special collection of has been at the Frank you see three costumes based on the original new books about the Bauhaus movement which furter Buchmesse drawings and colour swatches of Oskar Schlem is also on display. This magazine will give you an for many years and is mer, the painter and sculptor who created the Tri insight into our Bauhaus showcase as well. the director of the adic Ballet – a modernist dance concept. From This is the second issue of the frankfurt magazine. International Projects 1920, Schlemmer led Bauhaus workshops in paint We received lots of positive feedback from the department. ing murals, and in wood and stone sculpture, and readers of our first issue – publishing colleagues, from 1923–1929, the Bauhaus theatre.