A Typology in Isfahan, Iran
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Journal of Urban Culture Research Volume 22 Jan - Jun 2021 Published jointly by Chulalongkorn University, Thailand and Osaka City University, Japan The views and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual author(s) and do not necessarily re!ect the policies or opinions of the Journal (JUCR), its editors and staff, Chulalongkorn University, or Osaka City University. Authors authorize the JUCR to publish their materials both in print and online while retaining their full individual copyright. The copyright of JUCR volumes is retained by Chulalongkorn University. © 2021 BY CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY ISSN 2228 – 8279 (Print) ISSN 2408 – 1213 (Online) JUCR is listed in the following citation databases Thomson Reuters Web of Science Core Collection, Emerging Sources Citation Index – ESCI Norwegian Register for Scienti"c Journals, Series and Publishers – NSD Thai-Journal Citation Index – TCI Asean Citation Index – ACI Scopus – Elsevier JUCR is archived at United States Library of Congress Cornell University Library – John M. Echols Collection on Southeast Asia Publishing statistics JUCR has published 155 articles from 35 countries throughout its 22 volume history. This publication is a non-pro!t educational research journal not for sale Journal of Urban Culture Research Executive Director & Editor in Chief Bussakorn Binson, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Associate Editor Alan Kinear, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Contributing Editor Shin Nakagawa, Osaka City University, Japan Managing Editor Pornprapit Phoasavadi, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Editorial Board Frances Anderson, College of Charleston, USA Tom Borrup, University of Minnesota, USA Dan Baron Cohen, Institute of Transformance: Culture and Education, Brazil Bharat Dahiya, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Gavin Douglas, University of North Carolina, USA Made Mantle Hood, University of Putra, Malaysia Trirat Jarutach, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Zuzana Jurkova, Charles University, Czech Republic Rachel Lev-Wiesel, University of Haifa, Israel Svanibor Pettan, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Leon Stefanija, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Journal Administrator Jerald Choi Layout & Design Alan Kinear, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Webmaster Alan Kinear, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand Contact Information: Journal of Urban Culture Research Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road, Pathumwan Bangkok, Thailand 10330 Voice/Fax: 662-218-4582 Email: [email protected] Website: www.cujucr.com This volume is dedicated to the Covid-19 caregivers. Our cover image is a open air gathering & performance space in Singapore provided by Alan Kinear. + Note the page numbers listed on facing page match those shown in the headers for individual articles & pdfs, but for the thumbnail sidebar of the single !le, full volume pdf they will be off due to cover, masthead, table of contents, section dividers & empty right-hand pages of spreads being excluded at the request of database providers. Contents+ Editorial Online Art Projects during COVID - 19 1 Bussakorn Binson, Executive Director (Thailand) Articles Class And Urban Public Space Consumption: A Typology In Isfahan, Iran 3 Kamran Rabiei, Shamin Golrokh & Zahra Bahrami (Iran) Chinese Paradox: Where are Chinese Monuments? Alberto Castelli (China) Technology Singularity In Culture: The Urgency Of The Problem In The COVID-19 20 Pandemic Tetiana Sovhyra (Ukraine) Transformation Of The Relationship Between Neighborhood & Sociality Space 37 And Land Use In Tripoli Lebanon Noha Kassab (Saudi Arabia) Songs From The Sea: Maritime In!uence On Indonesian Popular Songs In The 65 1980s Abdullah Sammy (Indonesia) Tourist’s Willingness To Pay For Urban Tourism: Determining The Factors Of 80 Their Visit Muhammad Hassan Mahboob, Muhammad Ashfaq & Asad Afzal Humayon (Pakistan) The Practice of Creative Music And Dance Performances Of The Asli Mala Group 92 Rungnapa Sathittham & Nantida Chandransu (Thailand) Preservation of Heritage School Buildings In The Philippines: A Case Study Of 104 The Gabaldon Buildings Inero Ancho & Mark Ponce San Juan (Philippines) Moving Towards Equity In The Arts Is America’s Silicon Valley A Cultural 117 Backwater Or Harbinger? Tom Borrup, Heidi Wagner, Elizabeth Taing & Amanda Rawson (United States) Repurposing Of Junk: From Household Metal Waste Into Utilitarian Assemblages 130 Richard Andrew Owusu Addo & Rolland Wemegah (Ghana) Measuring & Evaluating A Competitive & Smart Border Village In West 145 Kalimantan Indonesia Syaiful Muazir, Lestari, Nurhamsyah Muhammad & Riha Alhamdani Muhammad (Indonesia) Rabam Desana Preaching: Its Melodic Values To The Telling Of Desana 164 Mahachati Lanna Ong-art Inthaniwet & Narongchai Pidokrajt (Thailand) Historical Western And Political In!uences On The Architecture Of Thailand’s 181 Chiang Mai Courthouses Piyadech Arkarapotiwong (Thailand) The Process of Creating A Work Of Art From Sensory Integration Of Students 195 With Intellectual Disabilities Of The Panyanukul Schools In Eastern Thailand Tuenrudee Rugmai (Thailand) Hindu Music In Bangkok: The Om Uma Devi Shiva Band 217 Kumkom Pornprasit (Thailand) Futurism In Conceptual Textile Art: An Approach To Improving Sanitation In 228 Ghana William Badoe & Frederick Boamah (Ghana) Journal Policies 246 Volume 21, 2020 – Journal of Urban Culture Research Editorial Online Art Projects During COVID-19 Bussakorn Binson+ Executive Director This volume 22 of the Journal of Urban Culture Research was published during the Covid-19 pandemic, so as Chief Editor, I would like to consider the current arts event scene in terms of how it impacts what artists are doing. In a time of crisis, people's well-being is of paramount importance, socializing among art lovers is not possible. People are unable to meet and do social activities together, face-to-face. Consequently, those events related to art and culture, such as visual art, performances, music, and exhibitions have been cancelled, and those that were not cancelled moved online. And the artists, of course still had to !nd ways to express themselves, and many have done this by transforming the above face-to-face format into online activities. All forms of online art and cultural events that have appeared in recent months re"ect the creativity associated with what some call the “new normal” way of life. For instance, I would like to share some examples of online art projects during the pandemic which were undertaken by several groups of doctoral students from Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts at Chulalongkorn University. These art-related projects aimed to reduce the stress people feel in society when they must quaran- tine at home. The 'Smile' project enabled participants to send photos of people smiling to a project manager via the social media platform Facebook. Team members then assembled thousands of smile pictures from participants and created a video clip accompanied by a song composed by the group. The aim was to show how to create a program in which happiness or rather the feeling of happiness can help participants overcome the stress of being afraid of the pandemic, or the loneliness caused by not being able to meet friends for a long time. + Bussakorn Binson, Executive Director JUCR, Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. email: [email protected]. Volume 22, 2021 – Journal of Urban Culture Research Editorial: As One Door Closes… | 2 On the creative arts side, another interesting project was an unusual fashion show. It was designed to invite people stuck in their quarantined homes to look for everyday items found all around, such as pots, pans, broomsticks, and bed sheets, and then use these items to decorate their bodies and walk like a model in their house. Participants were encouraged to create a video clip or still photographs and send them to an administrator using Facebook. Team members then creatively edited and mixed these fashion video clips and photographs to entertain partici- pants and their families and friends on Facebook and Instagram social media plat- forms. This project became popular among fashion lovers as it provided entertain- ment for those stuck at home and an opportunity for fashion designers to display their creativity. For the performing arts, one team created an interesting dance project. Using one song/tune, participants were encouraged to create their own choreography for a dance based on the tune they were sent. Participants made their own video clips, which were edited together by the team. The resultant video combined all the various dances into one artistic vision. This kind of artistic project enables those people who are interested in dancing to share their ideas and productions togeth- er on social media without having met in person. It was very relaxing to see one's own work combined with the work of others. One project focused on music and movement, for which participants were asked to submit video clips of ‘natural movement’ in everyday life that would ‘!t’ with music provided by the project manager on Facebook. Movement such as playing music by hitting a glass or a bottle of wine with chopsticks to present and explore different tonality, tapping eggs in time to the music, using the body as a musical instrument, brushing teeth according to the rhythm of music and so on. The pro- duction combined the video clips of different participants in time to the music. Another interesting project showed how art can be utilized to raise awareness of proper hygiene