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Ncjrs· :L! :, ,'::I':' :Li This Microfiche Was Produced from Documents Received for Inclusion in the NCJRS Data Base If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. ~ . : 'National Criminal Justice Reference Service .' r ________~~ _________________________. C: nCJrs· :l! :, ,'::I':' :li This microfiche was produced from documents received for inclusion in the NCJRS data base. Since NCJRS cannot exercise control over the physical condition of the documents submitted, f' the individual frame quality will vary. The resolution chart on r.:j NEW HETHODOLOGY FOR THE DETECTION OF NARCOTICS this frame may be used to evaluate the document quality. f' , .".-.... D..t::..~_ .." .. "(.~, __ ~~ .. ___ 4---~--:rs. ",....:....~, ...;..,~. !J ,,'.\ GRANT NO~ NI 71-088G ATIONAL INSTITUTE OF LM? ENFORCEHENT AND CRHIINAL JUSTICE 2 8 2 5 I .0 :; 11111 . 11111 . LAW ENFORCENENT ASSISTA.l\JCE ADMINISTRATION 3 2 11111 . 2 2 UNITED STATES DEPARTNENT OF JUSTICE I"I~ I . aE ~3.6 WASHINGTON, Do C~ 20530 11111.1 t Mi I .0 -----r. I 111111.25 111111.4 111111.6' S UBMITTE D BY: ." HUNTINGDON RESEARCH CENTER MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART BOX 6857 NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS-1963-A ! BALTIHORE p Hary1and . 21204 FEBRUARY 29, 1972 i ,,1 '1 '~. ,," -, , ..... ' \; r'" Microfilming procedures used to create this fiche comply with the standards set forth in 41CFR 101-11.504. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the author(s) and do not represent the official DATE FI LMED i position or policies of the U. S. Department of Justice. ,- ~.~.-.,;".....~~~,.,. ....... ~............ --.. ''''· ... ...-'_·f, '" .. _,_,,_.,' _. ___ .,.,.,,,., ,',_".,"~ ..Lf;"~i -', . .... , ,,, ....,,.- 3-2-82 ~Nat!o.!laIIJ)_~t!!ute of Justice __ 2!iI '_. _~ , . United States Department of Justice ' -..---, -----.. --.~ . Washington, D. C. 20531 A,-: ", - -~ -- -~--.--- -~-- ----------------------- - - ------- i ii SUHHARY PREFACE - PUPPOSE OF STUDY CI::fft~~ ="1: ~ztt ..~,:; e ~~ --- I The purpose of this study vias to isolate bacteria or The specific aim of th.is study was to isolate bacteria fungi capable of synthesizing adaptive enzymes 1;'lith metabolic or fungi capable of synthesizing adaptive enzy.mes vvith metabolic activity versus the morphine substrate •• activity versus the morphine substrateo Evidence for the production Sixty-two experimental lots of culture media were prepared I of g,uch induced enzymes was to be the ability of the organisms to in order to L1 ve~tigate all facets of the adaptive process. A ,'lide gro'iof.in a minimal medium in which morphine sulfate was the sole r variety of sources was utilized in order to maximize t.1ie liklihood carbon and nitrogen sourceo Quantitative evidence for morphine of the success full recovery of organisms possessing the requisite I utilization ",'las also to be provided by the development of a sensitive qualifications 0 Pure cultures of organisms known to possess the chemical procedure for meaGuring the progressive disappearance of ability to adapt readily to environments containing only low levels the morphine substrate from the culture medium in which the microbial of nutrients were used as inocula as were ATCC bacterial and fungal growth was obtained(> If successful results were obtained in this stock cultures, selected for their metabolic activities versus initial study, subsequent funding was to be requested for additional similar substrates as reported in the literature. Other sources studies leading to the overall goal of development of a rapid method included ornamental DOPPY plants, cesspool and manure samples, pond for the detection of narcotic leve Is in body fluids of suspected' and river v/ater, and dust from narcotic cabinetse Soil samples from addictsQ opium poppy fields p 'Vlere received at three different times and tested i il"!1'\~.:I: ifi by t\'lO main experimental approaches. [' The test me thodology \.;as deve loped as the experimental o Ii phase progressed. A direct approach was used in \-Jhich microbial jl rrn 1lif isolates from the various sources outlined above 'Vlere inoculated U.S. Department of Justice I: National Institute of Justice directly into culture meciia in \.;hich morphine sulfate was the sole This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the 1l ~i' ~1• [ person or organization originaling it. Points of view or opinions stated I l in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily carbon-nitrogen source~ This e)..'-perirnentation did not lead to the represent the official posilion or policies of the National Institute of 1 Justice. recovery of oandidate organisms. Permission to reproduce this copyrighted material has been I granted by II n PUBLIC DOMAIN I LEAA [ to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). h Further reproduction outside 01 the NCJRS system requires permis­ [ sion of the copyright owner. .. ,f<>, 1 I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------......--,," j ~ iii ! I ! iv ,? . , j J The major approach used throughout this study was that I i ,~ , of co-induction of enzyme productions By this procedure the morphine ~. , In the final month of the contract period, another I I substrate ~.,as incorporated into culture media containing yeast ! experimental approach "las initiated_ Morphine :sulfate solutions J r \.;ere II.t:Lcd" to port~ons of' th' f' 1..:1 . I .l.o • extract as a nutritive sourceo The theory behind this method is f e op~um poppy ~e u, Bo~l samples at 10 I that while growth of the organisms is primarily due to their fi . day intervals in an attempt to induce enzyrnes in response to the r ( I { metabolism of the main nutrient (yeast extract) there is simultaneous I presence of the morphine substrate Q The initial samplings from tb,ese I 1 degradation of the morphine molecule, By sequential passage in I' soi ls following ·t.hree "feedings" provided isolates \1h.1.ch gave I I I media containing successively lower concentrations of the main ! preliminary evidence for morphine utilization& This Nas the status r I 4 I nutrient t.l1e ability to degrade the morphine substrate is enhanced , I of this phase at the time of the expiration of the contracte ,j I , I such an approach has been successfully used in all. atropine test J r t . I I system. The results of co-induction e~)eriments are listed below: ? 1 j [ 10 No candidate organisms were recovered from the ! f I sample group that included the ornamental poppy ! [ , , plants ~ vlater and dust samples, cesspool and manure I' 1 I [ extracts and pure cultures of environmental isolatesd f I' 1 20 \·'fuen ATCC bacterial and fungal isolates \llere 1, [ investigated, evidence for morphine utilization was . , i I )r' ! obtained. Th,e contract period expired before further I ' I [ I 1 testing and verification of these results was possible. ] 3. No candidate orgaiJ.isms "lere isolated from the LE and i' [ ]lI .J: '. t 1 HRC-E soil samples from Turkish opium poppy fields. I, II [ 4. The HRC-B Turkish soil samples, received late in the 1-: f 1 r ~ contract period provided isolates that sh0l1ed promise /1 [ t i t : of adaptive enzyme activity following a number of 1'1 I .l i, passages, particularly in media adjusted to pH 8.2. [ 'j i ! Again the expiration of time prevented pursuit of \1 I 1 [ these findings 0 i ~' " tlr1 r~ [1- ,,1 l ... '" ~,1 " tiW I ill J~ ------ ------------------------- I Page ~ Table 7 - Grovlth Results on NevI Media I TABLE OF CONTENTS ~1lIoIIUW~1! =e:='WI.1IaI a;t ,. Formulations Using a Variety I of Inocula 33 Paqe Table 8 - GrOl'lth Results of ATCC Cultures -- on a Variety of 2i.gar Media 34 I i Table 9 .. Agar 1:0 Broth Transfers of ATCC Organisms 35 ii I Table 10 -Results of Blind Passage (Broth to 1 Agar) of Arthrobacter OAydans, ATCC .... 14358 36 2 f Haterials a.l1d 11ethods Table 11 - Results of Transfers from Enriched ~~....... Iliorphin6 Broth to Horphine Bas al [ ~!:.., ...~~:!;h£~~9X ...... ~fl=~"s.~~ Broth and Enriched Brotl; (ATCC Organisms) 37 Phase #1 - Initial Work with a wide variety of Table 12 - Results of Secondary Passage of l pure cultures an"d Environment.al Isolates 9 III positive Tubes of Table 11 to l'1orphine Bas al Broth and Enriched Phase #2 - Investigations Employing ATCC Bacterial Broth (ATCC Organisms) 38 [ 14 III and Fungal Strains Table 13 - First Passage of ATCC Organisms 17 In Series B 39 [ Phase #3 - Turkish Soil Samples /11 24 i Table 14 - Second Pa.ssage of ATCC Organisms Phase 4f4 - Morphine-Fed Soil Approach In Series B 40 '[ Tables of Results /11 Table 15 - Result of: Initial Plating of ..at..... :..:....,e d rt' ..! , Nt -r"iDR TurkiSh Soi 1 a.nd Poppy Seed Extracts 41 Table 1 - Growth Results of Pseudomonas Strains 26 with and ,1ithout Narcotics III '. [ I ' Table 16 - Results of Direct Inoculation of Broth i Nedia ~vith Turkish Soil and Poppy Seed Table 2 - Grovlth Results of First Passage of 27 Extracts 42 pseudomonas Growth from Primary Plates II. , [ Table 17 - Group of Pure Culture Isolates From Grm'Jth Results of a Variety of LE Soi 1 in Horphine Broth 43 Table 3 tvlicroorganisms on Ne'i'l Agar Hedia Formulations 28 lU [ Table 18 - Broel to Agar Transfers From Morphine Table 4 ~ Grcwth Results of Second Passage of .,. 29 Brot.'I1. Inoculated Nith Turkish Soil [ pseudomonas Growth rJ Extracts 44 Table Sa - GraYlth Results of Pseudomonas Strains 30 Table 19 - Agar to Broth Transfers of Isolates in Broth Media From LE Soil 45 31 JJ [ Table 5b - GrcMth Results of Secondary Passage Table 20 - Grmlth of HRC·-E Soil on Both Solid and Liquid ~1edia After One and Two Table 6 - Broth to Ag~r Transfers of Pseudomonas 32 " U Passages in Shaker Flasks 46 [ Strains [ U Ll , .. ' \1 l I: n~ L Ii ~ I r i I 1 i- fJ,~ rrp I t ! ~ H Table 21 - First Passage of Pure culture Agar .
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