- ׳ - ־ *-- ATI !BEHSBS -ך^■ ו11״ ft nn ■ ■־*■ jl-.L-^-.ir r ■irn ■ fl 7 RAILWAYS] THE I CONNECTING LINK I BETWEEN 5

L* L* When in Egypt the most comfortable and interesting route to Palestine H is via Kantara

W The Palestine Railways cross Sinai in the tracks

over which the Pharaoh Rameses IIover. Napoleon Bonaparte and other great figures of history have travelled

M M The Palestine Railways connect the most famous places of the with the Land of the Pharaohs. * * ffl i

j EXPRESS CORRIDOR TRAINS j j RESTAURANT a SLEEPING CARS j

" j Full particulars obtainable from the general 2 manager, station. iililliiillllliiiilllliiiilllliiiilllliiiilllliiiilllliiiilllliiiilllliM^ nil! BARCLAYS BANK (DOMINION, COLONIAL AND OVERSEAS( ן 10,000,000 ״£ 1AUTHORISED CAPITAL ן 1SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL 6,975,500 ן PAID-UP CAPITAL " 4,975,500| 1RESERVE FUND 1,650,000 f = 1DEPOSITS over » 60,000,000 OVER 400 BRANCHES PALESTINE: ACRE, HAIFA, JAFFA, , , NABLUS and TEL-AVIV. IALSO — THROUGHOUT— EGYPT, THE SUDAN, 1EAST SOUTH SOUTH-WEST AND WEST- -1 AFRICA, BRITISH GUIANA AND THE BRITISH WEST INDIES, AND AT MALTA, GIBRALTAR, HAMBURG AND NEW YORK. Barclays Bank (Canada): Montreal and Toronto Agents in Iraq: Eastern Bank Limited, Amara, Baghdad, Basra, Kirkuk, Mosul ־א־ * -א-

= The Bank acts as Correspondent for Home, Colonial and Foreign Banks.

= Head Office : W | § LOMBARD STREET,* * LONDON, E.C.3 4, יצ * AFFILIATED TO BARCLAYS BANK, LIMITED

TOTAL RESOURCES OVER £ 300,000,000

2 ill?!■!m FINEST PALESTINE OLIVE OIL AD IN LUXURY OLIVE OIL TOILET SOAP O R A OLIVE OIL SOAP FLAKES SHE M E N CASTILE ־SOAP SPECIAL TOI LET SOAPS FOR HARD WATER SHEMEN WORKS HAIFA

EXPORT TO ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD

INQUIRIES INVITED. illllhiilllllliiilllliiiilllliiiilllllMllllliiiilllliiH^

The Jaffa-Oranges & Grapefruit

packed under the

Trade Mark lORD

ARE THE RICHEST IN SWEETNESS, IN FLAVOUR, IN JUICE.

ןוו״וןןןןווווןןןןו״וןןןןווווןן

Packed by the Jaffa Fruit Company Ltd. P. O. Box 64, Jaffa (Palestine(

ןןןןווןןןןן ןןןןווןןןןןןווןןןןן ןןן ןןןווווןןןן ןןן ןןןו״וןןןןווווןןןן^וווןןןו״וןןןןו״וןןןןו״וןןןןווווןןןן GUIDE

TO NEW PALESTINE

Published by the ZIONIST INFORMATION BUREAU FOR TOURISTS IN PALESTINE

SEVENTH EDITION.

Price :50 Mils.

Printed and Published at JERUSALEM 1933 TOURS IN PALESTINE under the expert Guidance of COOK'S They have unequalled facilities for arranging your sight-seeing so as to,ensure your seeing the most important things under the best conditions. Their tour arrangements include visits to the Jewish Agricultural Settlements. PETRA Cook's maintain a camp at Petra for the use of their clients, which is most comfortable and pleasantly situated. An illustrated brochure on travel arrangements in Pa- lestine and Egypt maybe obtained free on request from COOKS WAGONS-UTS

JERUSALEM HAIFA BEIRUT Tel. 541 Tel. 91 P.O.B. 83 P.O.B. 593 P.O.B. 273

350 offices all over the world. CONTENTS. * I. A TOUR OF JEWISH PALESTINE

Jerusalem ...... 10 Dead Sea, and Jericho ...... 18 Jerusalem to ...... 19 Tel Aviv ...... 20 South of Tel Aviv ...... 24 North of Tel Aviv ...... 25 The Valley of Jezreel (The Emek) ...... 28 Haifa ...... 33 Haifa-Nazareth ...... 36 Lower ...... 37 to — Upper Galilee ...... 39 Model Itinerary ...... 41 Miscellaneous Information ...... 46

11. THE ZIONIST MOVEMENT,ITS ORGANISATION AND ACTIVITIES. 1. Origin of the Movement ...... 48 2. Pre-War Settlement ...... 51 3. The Balfour Declaration and the Mandate... 53 4. The Jewish Agency, Keren Kayemeth Leisrael, Keren Hayesod ...... 54 5. The Jewish National Council (Vaad Leumi) 63 6. Health and Sanitation(Hadassah, Kupath Holim) 63 7. Industrial Development ...... 72 111. Appendices (Statistics) ...... 77

* The official Languages of the country are Hebrew, and English. ABBREVIATIONS : — KKL (or JNF) Keren Kayemeth Leisrael (Jewish Nati- onal Fund). — KH Keren Hayesod (Palestine Foundation Fund). — ZIB Zionist Information Bureau for Tourists in Palestine.

Printed at Goldbergs' Printing Press, Jerusalem. Blocks : M. Pikovsky Jerusalem, I. Soskin, Tel-Aviv. Photos and Cover by : J. Schweig, Jerusalem.- Supervission : J. Gal E se r. TOURIST DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION OF PALESTINE

formed The Association— has been with the object of :

Making Palestine & Transjordan known abroad. Development of Travel to these countries. Making Palestine & Transjordan more attractive to Visitors, in co- .operationwith other organisations

Facilitating touring in Palestine & Transjordan ; taking necessary steps with the Authorities & Consular Bodies of Palestine to this end.

־The Association is non-political and non commercial. If you are interested in the above and would like to assist the projects outlined, communicate with the Hon. Secretary, P. O.B. 841, Jerusalem, for further information. FOREWORD. The majority of Palestinian guide-books are confined to describing sites of religious, historical and archaeological interest, largely, if not wholly, omitting reference to modern Palestine, represented in the main by the progressive upbuilding of the Jewish National Home. Similarly tours arranged by the various Travel Agencies usually apportion very little, if any, time to modern Jewish settlements and institutions, despite their remarkable advance in the past few years. This booklet does not aspire to take the place of the regular guide-books, but to supplement them with an account ofthe achievements due to Jewish settlement. We believe that precisely the traveller who is desirous of reconstructing the scenes of the will be most interested in the country's present development proceeding, as it largely does, on the lines of Biblical tradition. Not only the Jew coming to Palestine to witness his people's return to its ancestral soil, but also the Gentile, watching the trend of the times with an open mind, will be fasci- nated by the unprecedentedpicture of the homecoming of a people after 2,000 years of exile, by the revival of the language of the Pentateuch and the Psalms and by the striving for improved forms of social life. Visits to Jewish villages are easily fitted into the frame of regular itineraries. The Zionist Infor- mation Bureau, located in St. Julian's Way, opposite the offices of the Jewish Agency and Anglo-Palestine Bank, places its services at the disposal of every visitor. Programs are prepared and information pro- vided on the various aspects of Jewish constructive work without any charge. Spring and autumn are the most favourable seasons for visiting Palestine. But summer, too, is being increasingly taken advantage of for this purpose. Spring is the time chosen by the majority because the countryside is then strewn with flowers; and in addition the Purim Festival in Tel Aviv, celebrated along popular lines, and Passover week in Jerusalem, offer special attractions for many. Jerusalem. M. CRUNHUT Tishri 5693 (October 1932( Manager of the Zionist Information Bureau for Tourists. Jerusalem :The Building- Headquarters, Kehavia

PART I. Zionist Information Bureau for Tourists in Palestine. A tour of Palestine is best begun—by a visit to the Zionist Information Bureau (Z.1.8.) the official ,the Jewish Agency ״tourist and information office of the Keren— Kayemeth Leisrael and the Keren Hayesod St. Julian's Way.

A TOUR OF JEWISH PALESTINE. I. SEEING JERUSALEM. Central Offices of National Organisations. — TheJewish Agency and Zionist Executive Birkath Mamillah Road (see Pt. 11. p. 54( Head Office of the Keren Kayemeth Leisrael (X.X.L., Jewish National Fund)., housed in its own building in Rehavia, the first wing of the building which, when completed, will accommo- date the Jewish Agency Headquarters as well as those of the Keren Hayesod and the Vaad Leumi. See Herzl Room and Golden Book,

10 )see Pt. 11. p. 55) The Keren Hayesod wing is now in course of construction. Head Office of the Keren Hayesod (Palestine Foundation fund)— Suleiman Road, on the way from the Post Office to (see ־ ).Pt. 11. p. 57 Vaad Leumi (General Council of the Jewish Com munity in Palestine) — Ben Yehudah Street (Pt. 11. p. 63) (Will be housed in the Keren Hayesod building now in course of construction in Rehavia.( Anglo-Palestine Bank Ltd., Birkat MamillahRoad. Pt. 11. p. 52( Hadassah Women's Zionist Organisation of U.S.A. (Medical Organisation), Aminoff Bldg., Jaffa ־ )Road (Pt. 11. p. 64 WIZO (the— Womens' International Zionist Organi sation) Offices at the Jewish Agency(Pt.11.p.70( The City of Jerusalem 0 Jews constitute 60 /0 of the total population and live in various sections of the city. In the , they concentrate in the south-eastern part; in the New City in Mahne Yehuda, Mea Shearim, Zichron Moshe and the Bukharian Quarter. More recent Jewish suburbs within easy reach by bus are: Rehavia, Romema, Talpioth, Mkor Haim, Kiriath Moshe, Montefiore, Beth Hakerem, Bait Vegan, Neve Jacob.

The Old City or "City within the Walls ". The existing walls of the Old City are about 400 years old and partly follow the walls of the ancient Jewish capital. The Old City includes the Temple Area (quarter of whole) and is divided into Moslem, Christian and Jewish quarter. The Jewish section lies in the south-eastern part, bounded on one side by the Armenian quarter, and on the other by the and its adjoining lanes. The Western Wall (Wailing Wall.( This is an authentic remnant of the ancient Jewish Temple wall. Since the destruction of the Temple the wall has been venerated through the ages, serving as a place of prayer for pilgrim and resident.

11 Jerusalem :Old City.

Synagogues of the Old City. Some representative ones are Hurvah,the Synagogue of Rabbi Yehudah Hehassid. Site originally acquired in 13th century. Rebuilt in17th century by Rabbi YehudahHehassid. Destroyed shortly after and rebuilt 114 years later on same spot. Sephardic Synagogue. According to traditiondatesback to Ist century, time of Rabbi Johanan ben Zakkai. Congregants are either Palestinian-born or from adjoining countries— Sephardic, Mesopotamian, Persian, Moroccan, Cau- .casianand Synagogue of Nissan Beck. Built byHungarian Hassidim in the years 1871/2. Karaite Synagogue. Situated in an old cellar. Karaite sect said to be founded in Bth century. .Strong in Jerusalem in 11th century. Their number has dwindled. To-day only one family is left, which is in charge of the Synagogue. Beth-El. Old Synagogue of a Cabbalist sect founded by Shalom Sarabi from Yemen.

12 Jerusalem : The National and University Library Building. yeshivoth in the old city: (only a few represen- (tativeones are noted Etz Haim —in the Hurvah courtyard. Torath Haim— Street of the Hebronites. Porat Joseph — Sephardic Cabbalistic Yeshiva. Building fund donated by Indian Jews. the new city. THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY AND NATIONAL LIBRARY. On Mt. Scopus. Hourly bus communications. In the later forenoon visitors are guided round the buildings. The University was dedicated in 1925 and comprises the Faculty of Humanities (which awarded in 1931 the first M.A. degrees) and the Faculty of Biological Sciences (since 1931). The following insti- tutes or departments are in existence:Jewish Studies, Oriental Studies, Philosophy, History, Literature, ־Mathematics, Chemistry, Biochemistry, Physics, Zoo logy, Botany, Geology, Hygiene, Microbiology. Botanical, zoological, geological and archaeological collections. A Botanical Garden is being laid out. Since 1929 the University Press has published two periodicals, original works and translations.

13 School Kitchen of Hadassah

The buildings comprise : Laboratories, Einstein Institute for Mathematics (Wattenberg building), Institute of Physics (Monness Schapiro building), Amphitheatre (Minnie Untermeyer foundation), the Library (David Wolffsohn building) the offices, animal house, workshop and engine house. The Hebrew National and University Library has over one quarter of a million volumes. It contains numerous valuable works and of particular interest are a Collection of Hebrew incunabula (lent by Mr. Salman Schocken), and a collection of autographs and portraits (donated by Dr. A. Schwadron). The Library receives regularly 1200 periodicals. It main- tains a special medical department, with reading room, in the Hadassah Hospital.

THE JEWISH SCHOOL SYSTEM (see Pt. 11. p. 61( Some representative schools are:Hebrew Gym- nasium (High School) in Rehavia; Laemel School for Girls in Zichron Moshe ; Boys' Elementary School, opposite Italian, Consulate; Girls' school in the Old City ; Tahkemoni Boys' School in the Kerem Quarter ; Teachers' Seminary, Elementary School and Kindergarten in Beth Hakerem ;Mizrahi Teachers' Seminary, in Bezalel Street ; Alliance

14 Israelite Universelle !School, ; Evelina De Rothschild School' of the Anglo-Jewish Association, Street of the . Evening schools, providing opportunities of general and vocational training for juvenile and adult workers are conducted by the Educational Committee of the General Federation of Jewish Labour.

HOSPITALS, HEALTH AND SOCIAL WELFARE ACTIVITIES )see Pt. 11. p. 64(

ROTHSCHILD (HADASSAH) HOSPITAL with poli- .(clinic(Street of the Prophets Founded in 1854 by Rothschild Family. Trans- ferred to Hadassah Medical Organisation in 1918, and since maintained by Hadassah Women's Zionist Organisation (U.S.A.). Is medical centre for entire Hadassah system. Attached to it are central labora- tories, an X-ray Institute a Pathological Institute and a Nurses' Training School.

NATHAN AND LINA STRAUS HEALTH CENTRE. Is a monument to the "imaginative foresight of Nathan Straus, a pionier in the realm of preventive medicine." Hadassah is utilising this centre to con- centrate all forces engaged in promoting the health of the community. Preventive health activities now operating are: Pre-natal and Post-natal Care, Infant Welfare Station, Pre-school Clinic and Day Nursery, School Hygiene, Dept. of Preventive Orthopaedy, Model Pasteurisation Plant, Dietetics Dept. including school luncheons, classes for mothers and dietetic exhibits. Its services are available to all irrespective of race or creed. (see Pt. 11. p. 65(

MT. ZION PLAYGROUND. Playground work was inaugurated in 1925, through a special bequest by the late Mrs. Bertha Guggenheimer. Administered by Hadassah since 1929. Attended by Jewish and Arab children. Various activities conducted outdoor games, story telling, handwork, etc. (see Pt. 11. p. 67 .( Two additional Guggenheimer Playgrounds are at the Alliance Israelite Universelle School, Jaffa Road, and at the Laemel School, Zichron Moshe.

15 Kiriyath Anabim, near Jerusalem.

BABY HOME AND CHILDREN'S HOME IN TALPIOTH. Accommodates 60 Children. Training School for Baby Nurses attachedto it. Administeredby joint com- .mitteeof WIZO and Jewish Womens' Organisation

DAY CRECHE IN NATHAN AND LINA STRAUS HEALTH CENTRE. Cares for children, varying in age from 11 months to school age, from 7. a.m. to 6 p.m. Jointly supported by parents and Jewish Womens' Organisation.

INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND, with workshops (on J.N.F. land) in Montefiore Quarter, supported by the Palestine Lighthouse Society, U.S.A.

SHAN! HOME INDUSTRY. Workshop for Oriental Women. Maintained by Jewish Womens' Organisation.

16 GDUD AVODAH (Legion of Workers( Jerusalem Branch at Ramat Rahel near Talpioth. Is an urban kvuza, i. c. communal settlement of working people engaged largely in building trades. ׳ GIRLS TRAINING FARM near Talpioth. Prepares girls for horticultural and agricultural work, enabling them to be self-supporting during training period, by sale of their farm products. Flower and tree nursery at Rehavia.

BANKS. Anglo-Palestine Bank Ltd., Birkath Mamillah Road.(Affiliate ofJewish Colonial Trust,London.( Central Bank for Co-op. Institutions, Ben Yehuda Street. Halvaa Ve'hisachon, Ben Yehuda Street. The Palestine Mortgage and Credit Bank, Ben Yehuda Street. The Palestine Corporation Ltd., Tancred Lane. Mizrahi Bank, Jaffa Road.

MUSEUMS, ANTIQUITIES, HOLY PLACES. Bezalel Museum and Workshop of Jewish Arts and Crafts, Bezalel Street. Excavations of Hebrew Palestine Exploration Society, housed in Bezalel Building.

GOVERNMENT MUSEUM OF ANTIQUITIES. Tombs of Absalom and Zacharia (Mt. of Olives). Tombs of Kings (near American Colony). Cave of Zadakiah I _ r, T , ) near Damascus Gate. Cave ofr Jeremiah. j Cave of the Judges, near Bukharian Quarter. David's Tomb (so-called) near Zion Gate. In hands of Moslems. Visited by Jews during Feast of Weeks. Rachel's Tomb on way to Bethlehem. 's Tomb Northwest of Jerusalem.

17 2. DEAD SEA, JORDAN RIVER AND JERICHO.

The Dead Sea (1300 ft. below sea level can be reached from Jerusalem by car in 50 minutes. Here are situate the Works of the Palestine Potash Ltd. which are in possession of the concession for the exploitation of the valuable minerals of the Dead Sea. Potash and Bromide are exported. Note : Access to the workshops is only allowed for business purposes or with special per- .mission Large areas of land of the Concession Area have been turnedintoSalt Pans, where,byevaporation, the potash and other valuable salts contained in the Dead Sea are extracted. A Workmen's Camp has been established on the shore and factories erected on the hillridge. A sweet water pumping station is on the banks of the Jordan and to the west of the road a deep sea pumping station, pumping brine from a depth of 53 metres. West of the road, behing the pumping station the area belongs to the "Kallia Seaside and Health Resort." A road leads to the newly established modern restaurant on the shore of the Dead Sea.

From Dead Sea

8 km. to River Jordan, said to be traditional site where Israelites, under Joshua, crossed the Jordan.

JERICHO.

The village of to-day is on the site of the City of the Crusaders. Jericho of 1lerod's time is nearer to the hills. Road to left from Jericho leads to Elisha's Fountain. Ancient Cannaanite city, captured by Israelites under Joshua. (Excavations in progress( Tel Aviv: Allenby Road.

.׳JERUSALEM TO TEL AVIV .3 )Quickest by car (.

MOZA. )5 miles from Jerusalem.) Small Agricultural settlement. Industries : fruit preserving and brick making. Workmens' Convalescent Horne— "Arza" situated near spot where , the founder of the Zionist Organisation, planted a cypress in 1889.

KIRIATH ANAVIM Kvuza or cooperative farm, where members work and live as a single economic unit,all domestic and agricultural work being conducted jointly (30 families). Established on 4,000 dunams (approximately 1000 acres) of J. N. F. land and equipped by K.H.— Grapes and other fruits grown. Large dairy farm main source of supply for Jerusalem branch of "Tenuvah" Cooperative Selling-Agency for Coope- rative Zionist settlements. 4. TEL AVIV.

POPULATION. Founded in 1909 as a suburb of Jaffa. Population in 1911-550; in 1920-3,000; in 1922-13,000; in 1924—22,000 ;to-day over46,000. First town in world built and populated wholly by Jews. Elected Muni- .cipalAdministration

RAMBLES THROUGH TEL AVIV. The oldest important thoroughfare is Ilerzl Street, off which Ahad Haam Street leads to Nahlat Benjamin (main business street). Thence via Allenby Street to the seashore. Another stroll via Rothschild Boulevard brings us to Lev Tel Aviv (residential quarter.) Eliezer Ben Yehuda Street leads to Nordia (residential section on J. N. F.land.) Thence through TelNordau to "Shehunat Hazafon", (workers' quarter on J.N.F. land) and to the YarkonRiver and Stadium.

PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. Town Hall (Iria), Bialik Street ; Ahad Haam House; Museum (Rothschild Boulevard(.

SCHOOLS. In various parts of the city. Information can be obtained from ttie Secretary of the Vaad Hahinuch in the Municipal Building. Some representative schools are : , -- Herzlia-Gymnasium Ahad Haam Street (First Hebrew High School, 26 years old.( Teachers' Seminary for Girls andModel School— Neve Shalom. Tahkemoni School— Lilienblum Street (Mizrahi( Tel Nordau Elementary School, Tel Nordau (General.( Beth Hahinuch (House of Education) Carmel St. (Labour Organisation .( Noar Haoved, Carmel Street. (Club, evening courses and technical courses conducted by the Educational Committee of General Federation of Jewish Labour for working boys and girls.( Numerous Kindergartens (For location enquire at Town Hall.( W.1.Z.0. Kitchen in Tel Aviv.

HOSPITALS AND HEALTH ACTIVITIES. Hadassah Hospital— Balfour Street Kupat Holim (Sick Benefit Fund) — Maze St. (See Part II p. 68.( Red Magen David, (First Aid Organisation) Rothschild Boulevard. Lina and Nathan Straus Health Centre, Balfour St. (See p. 65.(

INDUSTRY. Important beginnings of industrial development are evident and visitors are advised to inspect: Rutenberg Electric Power Station, Hashmal St . י Palestine Cold Storage & Supply Co., Jaffa-Tel Aviv Road. Lodzia Textile Factory, Near Railway Station. Goralsky & Krinitzi Furniture Factory, Merkaz Mishari. Levkovitz Tannery, Eliezer Ben Yehuda Street. Lieber Chocolate Factory,Jaffa Road. Dror Furniture Cooperative, Hashmal Street.

21 Blum Artificial Teeth Factory. Isaac Hos Corona Shoe Factory. "Omanuth" PublishingHouse and PrintingPress, Sheinkin Street. Hapoel Hatzair Co-operative Printing Press. Silberberg Leather Bag Factory. Moses— Waskewitz Cigarette Factory.

DAILY NEWSPAPERS. " Haaretz" and the organ of the Labour Orga- nisation "Davar".

BANKS. Anglo-Palestine Bank Ltd., Herzl Street General Mortgage Bank of Palestine Ltd., Nahlat Benjamin. Bank Hapoalim (Workers' Bank, Montefiore Street. Kupat Am, Lilienblum Street. Halvaa Vehisachon (Co-operative Bank) Herzl St. Ashrai (Co-operative Bank), Rothschild Aye Misrahi Bank, Herzl Street. WOMEN'S INSTITUTIONS. Hostel (Girls' School where domestic science, vegetable-growing, poultry-raising and bee-keeping are taught, with hostel for 40-45 pupils), Alia Street, (Wizo). Connected with above: Wizo Public Kitchen and Restaurant (250 guests daily), Allenby Road Mothercraft Centre, (Wizo), Carmel .Street Infant Welfare Stations (Wizo) at Neve Shalom, Nordia, and Yemenite Quarter. Day Creche (Wizo and Histadruth Nashim), Bograshov Street. Day Creche (Histadruth Nashim) Health Centre. Day Creche (Women Workers' Council),Eliezer Ben Yehuda Street. Guggenheim Playgrounds (Guggenheim Fund and Hadassah), Balfour St. Girls' Farm, Carmel Street Tenuvah, Ahad Haam St. is a Cooperative Marketing Association established in 1926 to market

22 the products of the Jewish agricultural Labour settlements in Palestine. In every Jewish settlement, wishing to affiliate with Tenuvah, a local agricultural cooperative is 'organised, that facilitates the concen- tration of their products in the Tenuvah warehouses and dairies of the district. These local cooperatives are in turn bound— to a District Cooperative of which there are three Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa. These three District Cooperatives are bound to one Central Cooperative, registered with the Government, and known as Central Tenuvah. The main functions of the Central Tenuvah are to coordinate the marketingsystems of its cooperatives on the local market and to investigate the possibility of foreign markets. Up to the present, Tenuvah products have largely reached the local market only, but plans are now under way to exploit the foreign markets as well, and some success has already been attained in this direction. Tenuvah has attained a high economic standing and is, at present one of the most important factors in Palestine agricultural life. Many central dairies have been erected and equipped with new and up-to date machinery for the modern production of dairy goods. A modern pasteurisation plant has been established in the Straus Health Centre, (Jerusalem). A large number of shops have been opened in various parts of the cities to distribute Tenuvah products, which are well patronised in spite of the fact that they are higher in price. Tenuvah distributes all kinds of agricultural products, from milk and dairy products, which comprise about 60 percent of the sales, to poultry, eggs, fruit, vegetables, honey, and preserves. The rapid increase in the sales is testified by the following figures: Total receipts in 1924, £P. 20,000 Total receipts in 1931, £P. 147,000 LABOUR INSTITUTEONS. Workers' House (local Trad£ Unions Head- quarters and Tel Aviv Workers' Council), Yarkon Street. Lecture Hall and Library of Educational Com- .mittee,Nahmani Street Loan and Savings .Society, Nahlat Benjamin St.

23 Mikwe :Eucalyptus Wood.

5. SOUTH OF TEL AVIV. A quarter of an hour from Tel Aviv brings one to Mikveh Israel (Agricultural School for Boys), founded in 1870 by the Alliance Israelite Universelle; Nahlat Yehuda, a smallholders' settlement on J.N.F. land, (area 1,450 dunams; about 40 families, equipped by Keren Hayesod) ; Girls' training farm on 900 Zion, centre of־dunams (J. N. F. land) ; Rishon-le viticulture, founded in 1882.— Population about 2,700. Area under cultivation 35,700 dunams.— Large Wine Cellars. See Yemenite Quarter Shivat Zion on J.N.F. land. , Founded in 1882. See Girls' Training Farm, (on 500 dunams J.N.F. land) (Wizo & Women Workers' Council) financed by Rumanian Federation of Wizo. (Established for 120 pupils for training in all branches of agriculture and horticulture,30 during first year); Tirat Shalom, New Yemenite Settlement on J. N. F. Land. Rehoboth, Founded in 1890. Population about 3,500. Chief ־products oranges and grapes. Headquarters laborato ries and experimental fields of the Agricultural Experiment Station of— the Jewish Agency. Head- quarters of "Boustnai" Organ of Farmers' Association— of Palestine. Other points to visit, Yemenite Quarter Shaaraim, Yemenite Children's House ; South of

24 Magdiel:Middle-class Settlement in the Plain of Sharon.

Rehoboth:Kfar Marmorek, New Yemenite settlement, Givath Brenner, Kvutzath Schiller, Gordonia, Beth Hanan, new settlement of BulgarianJews; 40 families founded by K. H.; Vatikin (pertaining to the 1000 Family settlement); Kfar Aharon, Settlement of sons of old colonists wish the assistance of the K. H. , founded in 1880 by the Bilu. Maskereth Batia (Ekron) founded in 1884. The latter two settle- ments are mainly engaged in cultivation of cereals. Beer Tuvia,rebuilt by the Emergency Fund in 1930, 44 smallholders families on J.N. F. land. Naanah (near Arab village Naaneh and Government Aero- drome). New settlement of young workers' group employed by colonists at same time developing farm and grove of their own. Hulda, land purchased by J.N.F. in 1909 and colonised when Herzl Forest planted. Now being rebuilt. Ben Shemen, a small- holders' settlement on J.N.F. land founded by K.H. Kfar Hanoar at Ben Shemen, childrens' farm and school (about 100 pupils). Return to Tel Aviv.

6. NORTH OF TEL AVIV. Shehunat Borohov, first workers' suburban quarter. Established in 1922 on J.N.F. land with the assistance of Palestine Workers' Fund and Keren Hayesod. See Girls' Training Farm (Wizo and Wo- men Workers' Council). Ramath Gan, suburb. Dairy farming, market gardening, fruit growing, (especially

25 Orange Plantations in the Plain of Sharon. strawberries). Bne Brak, class agricultural settlement, founded in 1925 by Warsaw merchants, who abandoned their former vocations to cultivate the soil of Erez Israel, numerous loans being granted by K. H. On the way to new plantations of various groups of persons, still living abroad. Petah Tikva, founded in 1878 by Jerusalem Jews. The oldest Jewish agricultural settlement in Palestine. Now a flourishing colony of about 8,000 inhabitants. Centre of orange and other plantations. Girls' Training Farm (Wizo and Council of Women Workers). Givath Hashlosha, group of workers who have their farm and plantations, but who largely depend on earnings from work in the— neighbouring plantations. Am Ganim, on J.N.F. land, smallholders' settlement. From here to the settlements Hadar and Ramataim; thence to (40 families) workers' settlement on J. N. F. land, and to the middle class settlements, Magdiel (Magdiel, Kfar Malal and Ramataim founded by K. H. and Magdiel partly equipped) and . Travelling northward and passing through Raanana, arrive at Ramat Hasharon and Herzlia, an American Zion Commonwealth Settlement, near which are the ancient ruins of Appolonia. Gan Rashal, plantation of American group. Heruth, new plantation of American Labour group. Irgun of Kfar Saba and Petah Tikva, wor■ kers' settlement; Gan Hasharon, Group of Canadian Jews. Kalmania, English Plantation; , 15,000 dunams, Canadian and American group. Tel ־Mond, plantations begun by the late Lord Melchett and his associates. Much land in this vicinity, the so

26 called "South African land", belongs to J.N.F. and new workers' settlements have been established on it. (If proceeding by car northwards, the following points are of interest; if trip is made by train, alight at Tulkarem and proceed to Hedera). By ear: Near Tulkarem large new plantations of Belgian company organised by the late Jean Fisher, Nathania, of the Bne Binjamin (Colonists' sons). Wadi al Hawareth, 45,000 dunams J.N.F. land purchased by Canadian Zionists. Part of these lands is allocated for nine settlements comprising nearly 1,000 families,including class elements. New settlements :Irgun Vitkin, ׳middle Irqun Haemek. Hedera ; (Also onrailway line:about 3,000 inhabitants, with some 600 workers. Famous for its heroic battle with malaria. Orange Plantations. See Girls' Training Farm, Kvuza Gordonia and Yemenite Quarter on J. N. F. Land. Gan Shmuel, alongside of Hedera Railway Station, Kvuza, engaged in orange— growing, on J.N.F. land, Karkur London Ahuza A Group of English Jews, also Ovdim and Kvuza on J.N.F. land. The plain extending from here to Benjamina. is in Jewish hands and is now being put under cultivation (principally oranges). Adjoining, a new large Pica settlement, Pardess Hanna. We then come to a large Jewish-owned (Pica) complex, Givat Ada (Marach), a village about 60 families; Benjamina, with apopulation of 100 families; see perfume factory, flower-garden and Pica Agri- cultural Experiment Station. Traversing Nahal Zerka (Crocodile Creek) and passing Shuni we reach Zichron Jacob, one of the most important of the old settle- ments; founded 1882, it cultivates 20,800, dunams, chiefly vines and olives; see wine cellars; population about 1,400. Bath Shlomo, extension of Zichron Jacob. Thence toMeir Shefeya, a farm orphanage,maintained by the Junior Hadassah Organisation of America. About 100 children are educated here. This whole area is situated east of the railway line. The whole of the marshland between the railway and the sea, known as Kabara, (40,000 dunams) has been drained by the Pica. Proceeding northward, we reach Athlit, Agricultural Settlement. Hamelah Salt Works and Haifa Harbour Stone Quarry located here. The entire Plain of Sharon has of late years developed into a centre of Jewish activity specialising in citriculture.

27 7. THE VALLEY OF JEZREEL (THE EMEK( This plain, stretching south-east from Haifa, intersected by the Haifa-Semakh-Damascus Railway, is the centre of post-war Zionist Colonisation. It can be approached from Haifa or from Jerusalem via the Nablus-Jenin-Afule highroad. The Western section extends from Haifa to the Afule-Nazareth highway, the central section along both sides of the road, and the eastern section between Afule and Beisan. — — A JERUSALEM NABLUS AFULE. Pass Kidron Valley and Mount Scopus, (Hebrew University) on right, (5 km. from Jerusalem) Tel- Elful, the site of Givath Saul, on the land allotted to and inhabited by the tribe of Benjamin. Jhis hill was the birthplace and royal residenceof King Saul. Behind hill is Anathoth, birthplace of Jeremiah. On left Nebi Samuel, birthplace of prophet Samuel. Tomb of Samuel visited by Jews of Jerusalem on 24th Heshvan. Soon after leaving Tel-Elful pass two ancient Roman roads, one on the right, leading northward to Damascus, the other on the left to Caesarea on the Mediterranean Coast near Jewish colony Hedera (see further), Neve-Jacob (l*/2 km " from Tel-Elful), Moshav, newly founded with help of K.H. by Misrahi. Vegetable growing, dairying. Ataroth (2 km. further on left) Founded in 1922 by K.H. on X.X.L. land. Large cistern built to preserve water for use during dry seasons, as there is no water ־supply. 18 families, smallholders' settlement, based on principles of "self-labour" and cooperative market ing. Tel Nasbeh (north of Ataroth Pacific School of Religion in California has discovered large and important remains of Canaanite and Israelite periods. Ramallah, inhabited mostly by Christian Arabs. Ravine of Robbers, (32 km. north of Jerusalem) called thus, as travellers in former times were exposed to danger. , (2 kms. from main road) Ark of the Covenant placed here after conquest of Canaan. Sinjil, (on left) Village. Name derived from crusader Ray mond de Saint Giles, Count of Toulouse one of few crusader names still in use. Lubban Valley, Famous in ancient times for its myrrh and other spices Wine brought from here in ancient times for tempi services. Pass from Lubban to Nablus (Sichem

28 The Emek : Spring. Jacob's Well near Nablus, sacred to Christians. Sichem-Nablus. Near the village of Ballata important archaeological discoverieshave been made and traces of an ancient town found. The modernNablus (Biblical Sichem) is situated in a valley between Mount Gerizim (left) and Mount Ebal (right). Here live the last descendants of the Samaritans, whose number has dwindled to 150. Speak Arabic, but younger generation taught Hebrew. Do not intermarry, even with Jews. Nablus has 16,000 inhabitants. Centre of Arabic soap industry. Sebastia, (a few km. from Nablus), ancient , capital of the Kingdom of Israel. Archaeological excavations. Pass Plain of Dothan where Joseph was sold to Ishmaelites, and Jenin (the En Ganim of the Bible), and enter the Valley of Esdraelon (Emek) at Afule.

B. AFULE— . Afule, purchased by American Zion Common- wealth,in 1925. See Girls' P^arm for 20 pupils (Wizo and Women Workers' Council, financed by the Wizo Argentine Federation.) Is at junction of railway lines, to Haifa, Nablus and Damascus. Afule. Centre of Emek. Junction of roads, one road leading through the K.H. settlements in the western part of the Emek to Haifa, the other country road, through the K.H. settlements in the Eastern part of the Emek to Beisan. ־ ill The Emek :Beth Alpha. On the way to Beisan : , first Cooperative Jewish settlement in theEmek. Founded in 1911, endured great hardships. Several shomrim (watchmen) killed. Near this kvuza a few families from Scotland settled on private land. In 1923, Moshav of 42 families established. Further to right is Zarin, Biblical Jezreel, winter residence of Queen Jezebel and King Ahab. Kfar Yeheskel, (named at wish of donor of £P. 36,000 to —the J. N.F.) Pass through long avenue of cypresses, Brenner Boule- vard, in memory of well known writer, Haim Brenner, killed during riots of 1921. Visit co- operative dairy of Tenuvah, The Workers' —Agri- cultural Producers' Cooperative Association (see page ). This branch serves as centre for all Keren Hayesod settlements in the Nuris region. Dairy equipped with testing laboratory and cooling machi- nery. This settlement has made remarkable progress since its inception in 1923. Sixty settlers, mostly with 20 or more years of experience in the country. Each settler has about 90 dunams, which he and his family cultivate. No hired labour employed. All products marketed cooperatively, extensive grape- ־fruit plantations. Geva, kvuza. 25 families, about 1,500 dunams. Established in 1921. Is now self supporting. One of principal protagonists of small

30 with Balfour Forest (Emek Jezreel( group (kvuza) idea. All buildings permanent, made of concrete. Surrounded by fine orchards, pomegra- nates, almonds, apples, cypresses, and myrtle. Mixed farming, dairying, grain, etc. Am Harod. Established in 1923. Kvuza of 120 families, (about 400 persons). Protagonist of large group idea and is the largest kvuza in the country. Recently transferred to permanent buildings on the hill opposite the old site, called Kumi. Grow cereals, vegetables and fruit, (grapes and grape fruit). Large dairy farm. See workshops, (shoes, furniture, etc.) Largest common nurseries and children's home. Adjoining is another kvuza, Tel Joseph, also in its permanent buildings on the hill. Gideon's Well. The original spring formed by the overflow of the water now planted with eucalyptus trees and drained. The spring has been harnessed and water conducted in pipes to various settlements of the Nuris region for irrigation purposes and general use. Large areas in this region planted with grape fruit and grapes. Grapes ripen before those in Judea and bring good prices. Old site of Am Harod, at present occupied ־by a young kvuza (Hugim), composed of Palestine born halutzim-graduates of secondary schools in Tel Aviv, Jerusalem and Haifa. Beth Alpha, kvuza. On 5,500 dunams cultivated by 2 kvuzoth (80 fami-

31 lies) _ Kvuza Hefziba with settlers from Czecho- Slovakia and Germany, and Kvuza Hashomer Hazair from East Galicia. See floor of old Jewish Synagogue dating back to the sixth century recently excavated by the Archaeological Department of the Hebrew University. Finely preserved .

C. FROM AFULE TO HAIFA. , settlement of American Zion Com- monwealth, Kfar Gideon, still housed in huts Smallholder's settlement. Settlers from Transylvania. Kvuza Misra. ,Moshav. Self supporting. Ginegar, Group settlement, (kvuza). Dairying and cereal growing. See Balfour Forest (300,000 trees) plantedbyJ.N.F. Cultivate cereals and grapes. Gevath, Group settlement in commemoration of pogrom victims of Pinsk, most of the members coming from that town. Nearby branch of Jewish Agency. Agri- cultural Experiment Station for Emek. Kvuzoth Sarona, Hasharon and , on same route. Sarona and Hasharon combined 2 years ago into one settlement, named Ramath David in honour of Mr. David Lloyd George. Thence to the smallholders' settlements , Kfar Jehoshua and the Kvuza Mishmar Haemek (Hashomer Hazair) near Megiddo, where extensive excavations 'are being carried on by an American expedition. , Said to be ancient site of Nahalal which existed in Joshua's time. Land (about 2,000 acres) bought by J. N. F. in 1921 and settlement established the following year by K.H. Land was largely covered by swamps, breeding ground of mosquitoes. One of these swamps called by Arabs, Am Sammune, i.c. Poisoned Well, and according to tradition, any one drinking from the well was bound to die of malaria. Water of the region has been purified, now considered best drinking water in the Emek. The drainage of those swamps by the J.N.F. has reclaimed about 3,500 dunams, and waters which used to run to waste are nowused for irrigation. Plan of village wheel shaped, with public buildings in centre. Is smallholders' settlement on X.X.L.land. Loans given by K.H. to each settler, for buildings, purchase of livestock, implements, first plantations and seeds, 75 families. Total population 600. Nahalal is protagonist of Moshav type of settlement. Engaged

32 in dairying, fruit-plantation, viticulture and cultivation 0f cereals. The Agricultural School for Girls founded in 1924 by K. H. and taken over by Wizo. Canadian Organisation "Hadassah" and N.S.H.M. finance this school; land and water supplied by J. N. F. Occupies 500 dunams. All branches of agriculture taught. 120 dunams already under intensive cultivation, (vine, fruit, vegetables, tree nurseries and flower gardens). In addition to purely agricultural training, farm housekeeping is taught. Two years' course. Age of girls from 18-25. Farm 70 to 75 pupils.

8. HAIFA 50 years ago Haifa was a small, unimportant town. In 1922 it already had 25,000 inhabitants; to- day its population is 50,000. The Jewish population increases rapidly: in 1922 it was only 25% of the total population in 1931 already 35%. A large modern harbour is being built in Haifa, which will not only serve the purposes of Palestine trade but also as transit centre for commerce between Europe and the Far and Near East, as well as shipping port for the oil of Iraq. To-day already 27% of the exports and 35% of the imports of Palestine pass through Haifa (5 years ago the figures were 20% and 30% respectively). Haifa is connected with Egypt by rail through Kantara and with Syria through Afule- Semakh-Damascus. A direct Haifa-Baghdad railway 1s projected. Haifa is also the central port of the air-line of the Imperial Airways which connects Erez Israel with England, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq,

33 Haifa: Festivity in the Technical Institute Grounds.

Persia and India. Important foreign concerns, such as "Imperial Chemical Industries", have erected in Haifa head-offices for the entire Orient. East of the town, on the sea-shore are the large reservoirs of the "Vacuum Oil" and "Shell Oil" Companies. The latter company also manufactures its tins here. Further East are the railway workshops, the "Shemen" Oil and Soap Factory (£P. 200,000 capital), and a small alcohol factory. Along the Haifa Road, on the South-Eastern slope of the Carmel is the important Arab factory Karaman, Dick & Salti Ltd. and the Rutenberg Power Station. In the same direction, some 7 km from the town, is the large cement factory "Nesher" (£P. 300,000 capital .( In the town itself, at its Eastern end and not far from the railway station, are the large Rothschild Mills, one of the largest and most modern factories in the country, to which a Mazoth Factory is attached. Nearing the centre of the town, the Arab market; higher up, the quarter of the Sephardic Jews. Adjoining, the Merkaz Mischari which was built in 1927 and not far away plots for the erection of the second Merkaz Mischari (to be larger than the i first), started in 1932. To the West, quarters of the Christian population, including the German Colony" Here also several German industrial concerns : Soap

34 Factory "Hamma", etc. At the Western end of the town the Jewish quarter Bath Galim, on the sea- .shore,bathing-beach, casino, etc All this part of the town is at the foot of the Carmel. On the slopes of the Carmel is the Hadar Hacarmel Quarter (the most important Jewish quarter) with 7,000 inhabitants and Herzlia, the first Jewish quarter of Haifa, which was started in 1901. In this district is the Technical Institute for the training of engineers and architects with special courses for artisans attached. Near to it the Secondary (Reali) School, with dormitories for resident pupils. The top of the Carmel, with its healthy climate, cool breezes and groves (chiefly pines) is a very popular holiday resort for visitors from the entire country and from abroad. Several Jewish quarters (Ahusath Herbert Samuel, etc.); Workers' Sanatorium. In the West French monastery. The Carmel is connected with the town itself by a regular bus- service. Further to the South-East, also on the hills, the Neve Shaanan quarter (1,000 inhabitants) where, among others, houses for the employees and workers of the Rutenberg Power Station have been built. At the beginning of the World War there were in Haifa,, a few dozen small industrial concerns. In the } ear 1930 there existed some 300 Jewish industries with invested capital of £P. 750,000- -£P.800,000 and some 2000 workers. Some £P. 500,000 are invested in Arab industrial concerns, which employ some 1000 workers. The lands in the vicinity of Hafia are in great part in Jewish hands. In the region of the Haifa- Acre Bay the KKL possesses 33,000 dunams and 5,000 dunams belong to the Palestine Economic Corpo- ration of America. A few years ago this area was covered by swamps which have in the meantime been drained by the KKL. Particular mention should be made of the change made in the bed of the stagnant Fuara River. Recently a workers quarter has been erected here, with some 200 houses. It will be a garden city and thanks to its ideal situation, near the sea coast, can become a health resort. The lands which are further away are destined for agri- cultural development. Here are also the Imperial Airways aerodrome and the railway workshops.

35 HOSPITALS AND HEALTH WORK. Hadassah Hospital, (Hadar Hacarmel .( Borochov Sanatorium, (On the Carmel). For working mothers and children. Kupat Holim, (Hadar Hacarmel.( ׳ WORKERS INSTITUTIONS. Beth Am (People's House) Large Amphitheatre, Hadar Hacarmel.

INSTITUTIONS OF WOMEN'S ORGANISATIONS. Extension classes in cooking, housekeeping, hygiene, gardening and poultry-keeping (Wizo( ?Lome for Haluzoth, fund provided by Palestine Women's League in the U.S.A. Ohel Sara, Baby Home, built with monies donated by Mr. W. Kaplan and the late Mr. David Simons of Detroit on plot belonging to the JNF. Day creche for the children of working mothers, directed by the Histadruth Nashim and Women Workers' Council (85 children.( Passing Jedro we come to Acre, which shows beginnings of Jewish activity. "Nur" Match Factory.

9. HAIFA— NAZARETH.

By car the highroad leads through the hills, while the railway passes through the lowland. En route "Nesher" Cement Works, the largest factory in Palestine. To it is attached a workers' settlement; thence to Jajur, kvuza on J.N.F. land, financed by K.H., with a population of about 120. From here to Nazareth most of the valley is in Jewish hands, chiefly belongs to J.N.F. The main centres of settlement are Kfar Hassidim, Hassidic settlers from Poland. From Nazareth across the Eastern Emek to Beisan (see Afule-Beth Alfa p. 31). Beth Shearim, Moshav, Yugoslavian group. 36 . 10. LOWER GALILEE. — Between the Afule— Nazareth— Tiberias High- way and the Afule Semakh railway track a group of Jewish villages is situated, established about 30 years ago by the PICA. A country road connects them, from Nazareth via Kfar Tabor to Kinnereth. All engaged mainly in grain and dairy farming. The most important points are: Kfar Tabor on 16,000 du- nams, Sarona, Alonia (Sedjera) on 12,000 dunams, Beth Gan,— Yavniel on 32,000 dunams. North of the Nazareth Tiberias road, Hittim, Moshav of the Mis- rahi Organisation on J.N.F. land, 4,000 dunams, sub- sidised by the K.H.; and the PICA settlement of Mizpa.

11. TIBERIAS, KINNERETH AND DAGANIA. Tiberias has a population of over 9,000 with Jewish majority (5,500); see the new Jewish suburb Kiriat Shmuel, and Rutenberg Power Station; also Peter Schweitzer Hadassah Hospital (on J.N.F. land). Visit the Tomb of Maimonides (Rambam.( Driving southward on the highroad along Lake Tiberias (Sea of Galilee) we pass the Hot Baths, for the exploitationof which a group which also includes Jews has lately acquired a concession. (Just above these Baths are the Tombs and Yeshiva of Rabbi Meir Baal Haness). Passing the PICA settlement of Kinnereth, the Hashomer Hazair group (all refugees or exiles from Russia) and the Kvuza Kinnereth, we cross the Jordan Bridge arriving at a large Jewish settlement complex, all kvuzoth on J. N. F. land, equipped by the K.H. Dagania "A", "the mother of the kvuzoth" founded in 1909, a thriving communal settlement ; offers splendid view from communal dwelling house. A.D. Gordon, Labour leader and thinker, a member of Dagania A. is buried in Dagania cemetery where J. L. Greenberg in also interred. Dagania B, founded in 1920; Kfar Gunn in 1927 (German halutzim), are engaged in . cereal culture,plantations, vegetablesand dairying;irrigation works already installed. Near the point of confluence of the Yarmuk and Jordan, the Rutenberg hydro-electric works have been established, with two new settlements : Tel Or (officials) and Naharaim (workers' residential

37 Kvuza Dega^a^'A" on the Jordan River. quarter). The course of the Jordan, has been diverted and a reservoir built. These works are expected to provide power to supply electric current for industrial, lighting and irrigation purposes for the whole of Palestine and Transjordan. Model arrangements for workers' health and welfare. A little further on Kvuza Gesher. Return via Menahemia and Betania, PICA settlements, and the kvuza of Kinnereth, similar to Dagania, on J. N.F. land financed by the K.H.

38 Kefar Nahum (Capernahum) :Ruins of an Ancient Synagogue. — 12. TIBERIAS SAFED.

From Tiberias we drive along [the shore of Lake Kinnereth to Migdal, founded before the war, " newly extended. From here a trip may be taken to Kfar Nahum (), ruins of the famous ancient synagogue. Rosh Pina, founded in 1882, a large PICA settlement, with more than 450 inhabi- tants, on about 15,000 dunams. Its chief products are tobacco, wine, olives and cereals. Safed. Mediaeval city of Jewish learning. Here lived and died Rabbi Izchak Lurie, the Holy Ari and Rabbi Joseph Caro, the author of the Shulhan Aruch. Visit Hadassah Hospital and old synagogue. Starting point for excursions to Meron, where the tomb of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai is visited. Popular festivals are held at the tomb on Lag B'omer Day. Three hours ride from Safed, Pekiin, where reside descendants of Jews from the time of the Temple.

13. UPPER GALILEE.

From Safed, on the road to Damascus, Ayeleth Hashahar (kvuza) on PICA land. On the Jordan, Mishmar Hayarden, and near the Hule Lake, Yesod Hamaala. On the road to Metullah-Beirut Kfar Gileadi (members of two kvuzoth Tel Hai and Kfar Gileadi,

39 Jewish Herd in Galilee. now united, into one kvuza), now part of the Kibutz Hameuhad. This point well known for the heroic defence offered against a Beduin raid in 1920, on which occasion Joseph Trumpeldor, founder of the Halutz Movement and several of his comrades were killed. They are buried in the small cemetery between the two settlements, Tel Hai and Kfar Gileadi, and a marble memorial is beingerected near-by; population about 150. Chief products cereals, wool, honey, and fruit. From here we drive to the Syrian frontier,. where the Jewish settlement of Metulla is situated, founded in 1896 by Baron Rothschild, with a popula- tion to-day of 175. A fine road leads from Safed via Acre, to Haifa.

40 Jerusalem: The Wailing Wall. ITINERARY I. TWO WKKKS IN PALESTINE FIRST DAY Morning: Arrival in Jerusalem, visit Zionist Information Bureau, Old City with Wailing Wall and Jewish Quarter, Old Synagogues (View from roof of Nissan Beck Synagogue), Temple Area, (visiting hours to 11.30 a.m. only.) Afternoon : By car via Talpioth suburb (Baby Home of the Women's Zionist Organisation) Girls' Agricultural Training Group, Ramath Rahel, Rahel's Tomb, Bethlehem, Solomon's Pools to and back.

41 Jerusalem :Zecharia's and Absalom's Pillars

SECOND DAY Morning: Hebrew University and National Library, Agricultural Museum of the Zionist Organi- sation, Mount of Olives, Tombs of the Kintrs, Museum of Antiquities. Afternoon : By car to Dead Sea, Jordan, New and Old Jericho, and back. THIRD DAY. Morning : Hadassah Institutions (Lina and Nathan Straus Health Centre, Rothschild Hospital etc.) Blind Institute Workshops, Home for the Aged, Laemel School, Tahkemoni School Misrahi Teachers' ־,Seminary, School of the Alliance Israelite Universelle "Evelina de Rothschild" Girls School of the Anglo Jewish Association. Afternoon : at leisure. FOURTH DAY. Visit: Offices of the Jewish Agency. Head Office of Keren Kayemeth Leisrael in Rehavia-j (see Golden Book and Herzl Room), Head Office of the Keren Hayesod.

42 י

Rehoboth: Jewish Plantation Settlement in Judea. Afternoon : Bezalel Museum and Exhibitions of Arts and Crafts, Rehavia Girls' Tree nursery, Beth Hakerem Quarter (Teachers' Seminary), Kiriath Moshe-Montefiore. FIFTH DAY. Morning : Walk through Kidron Valley, Zacharia's and Absalom's Monuments, then by car to ,Convalescent Home, Kiriath Anavim ־'Moza Workers Rishon le-Zion. Afternoon : Via Ness Ziona to Bet Hanan and Rehoboth, Nahlat Yehuda, Mikve Israel, Tel Aviv. SIXTH DAY. Morning : Tel Aviv Hebrew Gymnasium, Museum for Home Products, Ahad Haam House, Rutenberg Power Station, Tahkemoni School for Workers' Children, Mother Craft Training Centre, Day Creches, Girls' Farms. Afternoon: visit some of the industrial under- takings, such as Lodzia Textile Factory, Lieber Chocolate Factory, Goralski & Krinitzi Furniture Factory, "Omanuth" Printing Works. Life at the beach. SEVENTH DAY Via Shehunath Borohov, Ramath Gan, (Fruit Product Factory "Assis",) Bne Brak, Petah Tikva, Ramataim, Magdiel Kfar Malal, Hadar, Kfar Saba, (lunch), Gan Haim, , Nathania, Tulkarem, Nablus, Jenin to Afule. Visit Balfouria and Merhavia.

43 Betania: P.I.C.A. Settlement.

EIGHTH DAY. )Take food for the day.) From Afule to Kfar Yeheskel, Geva, Am Harod (settlement and spring), Tel Joseph, Beth Alpha (Old Synagogue), Beisan (excavations) Gesher, Rutenberg Central Power Station with Tel Or and Naharaim, Kfar Gunn, Dagania,Kinnereth, Tiberias (Hot Baths.( NINTH DAY. Morning : Sightseeing at Tiberias, Kiriath Shmuel, via Migdal, Kfar Nahum (excavations,(

44 Haifa : "Keali" (Secondary) School.

Rosh Pina,Mishmar Hayarden, Yesod Hamaala, Hule Swamps, Tel Hai Kfar Gileadi to Metulla. (lunch.( Afternoon : Via Ayeleth Hashahar and Rosh Pina to Safed. TENTH DAY. Morning: .Sightseeing in Safed, walk around the town on circular road, Castle, visit old Synago- .guesand Yeshivoth, excursion to Meron Afternoon : via Meron, Acre, Jidro Drainage works of J.N.F. to Haifa. ELEVENTH DAY. Morning:Bath Galim see Immigrants' Hostel of the Jewish Agency, (lunch.(

Dining Hall of the Reali School in Haifa.

45 Afternoon : Hadar Hacarmel and Technical Institute, Hebrew Secondary .School, Hadassah Hospital, Labour Offices and Club, Amphitheatre.

TWELFTH DAY. Morning:Visit Grands Moulins, "Shemen" Oil and Soap Factory, Rutenberg Power Station, "Nesher" Cement Factory (closed to visitors), via Kfar Hassidim, Beth Sbearim to Nahalal Village with Agricultural School for Girls. Afternoon : Back to Haifa via Sarona, () Hasharon, Gevat, Sarid, Ginegar (Balfour Forest). Agricultural Experiment Station at Jebata, Kfar Jehoshua, Kfar Baruch, Mishmar Haemek, Megiddo (excavations.(

THIRTEENTH DAY. Morning: From Haifa to Athlit (Crusaders' Castle, Haifa Harbour Quarries and Palestine Salt Works), Bath Shlomo, Shefeya, Zichron Jacob, (lunch.( Afternoon : via Benjamina, Pardess Hanna, Givat Ada, PICA lands at Kabara, (largest drainage scheme in Palestine) Hedera (spend night.(

FOURTEENTH DAY. Hedera, Hefziba, Gan Shmuel, Kerkur, Wadi Hawareth purchased with means from Canada Jews by J. N.F. Nathania, via Tulkarem, Gan Haim, Kfar Saba, (see 7th day) to Tel Aviv,Haifa or Jerusalem.

IMPORTANT.

The itineraries do not allow for Sabbaths or Holy Days; more time will thus have to be given than actually stated here. The Zionist Information Bureau will be pleased to draw up more comprehensive itineraries and vary them according to the special requirements of in- .dividualtourists The Z. I. 8., is not a commercial agency. GUIDES. The Z.1.8. will be glad to assist groups in securing cheap accommodation, and to furnish the names of Jewish guides, acknowledged by the Zionist Organisation, and holding Government licences.

GUIDANCE IN THE SETTLEMENTS. Tourists travelling without guides may apply to the Secretariat (Mazkiruth) in the large settlements, or in the absence of such Secretariat to any member of the kvuza, or preferably to the man in charge of the grounds (Hatzran.(

CURRENCY. NOTES. (LP"1=1000 mils( One Mil One half £P. (500 Mils) Two Mils One £P. (1000 Mils) Five Five £P . Ten Ten £P. Fifty Fifty £P . Hundred Hundred £P . The following terms are commonly used: 1 Grush for 10 Mils, 1 Shilling for 50 Mils.

SQUARE MEASURE. The Palestinian square measure is the dunam, approximately 0.23 acre=1000 m . 2 PART II.

THE ZIONIST MOVEMENT, ITS ORGANISATION AND ACTIVITIES. 1. ORIGIN OF THE MOVEMENT. Ever since the Jews were exiled from Palestine, known to them and to all Bible readers as Erez (The Land of) Israel they have been in an anomalous position. Loyal to their nationality, they have retained their national spirit and unity, although compelled to live scattered among the other peoples of the world. They have—retained some of the cardinal features of nationality racial character, common— traditions and language, common hopes and beliefs except the land from which they were dispossessed, and this physical deficiency was compensated by an intense passion for their country, which was fed both by the religious tie with which their faith linked them to Erez Israel and the consciousness of their historical role in that land. It was in Palestine that the Jews lived normally as a nation and made their notable contribution to human values,— and it was there that the Jews felt they would some day— resume that normal life and renew that contribution to mankind's progress. In the Roman and succeeding periods when the world was still small, the exiled Jews were able to preserve even in the Galuth (the Exile) their way of living and thought, the product of their own Torah (Holy Law) and teachings of the Prophets. They were helped to retain their identity by the persecution and intolerance meted out to them from the earliest days of . This treatment served but to strengthen the bonds that tied them together and in spite of the assimilating influences of their environment, the Jews have persisted as a nation and to-day number about 17 millions. In later times, as the new world expanded, the Jews were obliged to emigrate from land to land, on account of the ill-treatment suffered. This always took the form of preventing them from taking root among the peoples with whom they sought refuge. They could not own land or cultivate it and were ־denied rights of citizenship. Hence, subject to this persistent insecurity, they were forced into occupa

48 ב " tions which did not bind them to the land in which they temporarily lived, such as commerce and finance and the liberal professions. In the Middle Ages, as numbers grew, they were hemmed in physically their in Ghettos in aS well as culturally Europe. Within the Ghetto walls they maintained their corporate life, re-interpreting the ancient Law and Jewishoccasionally adding to it. Up to the 16th century, when Joseph Caro laid down a new code of conduct based on the Iloly Scriptures, the Jews were able to continue their traditional culture. Limited though it was, yet of a higher standard than that of the peoples around them, it achieved a remarkable spirituality which expressed itself in those high moralattributes which still inspire the Jew to-day. Approaching modern times, the Ghetto walls crumbled and the wave of emanicipation which freed other peoples from feudalism and despotism gradually ameliorated the physical lot of the Jew. He was allowed to move in the society around him, and the new learning and freedom which followed the French Revolution were accessible to him also. The free mingling of the Jews among other peoples which I^l to their emigration to the new world and indeed ־to all parts of the earth produced, however, the con ditions which precipitated the birth of . Whereas the Jews of the Ghetto had preserved their national heritage and common bonds of union, the emancipation of the Jews and their admission into the life of other peoples threatend to disturb this cultural and spiritual identity. Throughout the— centuries they had lived on a Jewish cultural island now the sea of an alien civilisation engulfed them and their peculiar tradition was endangered. At the same time, though civil and legal rights were granted to them, Gentile society often exhibited a hardly concealed hostility to the Jew, mainly for the qualities which enabled him to take rapid advantage of his new-found liberty, as well as for his aim to preserve his national identity,— danger which, they considered a to their own national life, !his form of "antisemitism" is still rampant in many countries. At first many Jews and Gentiles thought that the best policy for the Jew was to absorb himself into the nation whose country he had adopted —to assimilate their ways, jnter-marry with them and so gradually dissolve hls separate nationality. This solution was indeed

49 preached and tried, but it failed since it might or might not have been a way out for individuals,but not for a whole race. The Jews themselves were not prepared to surrender their historic nationality and their masses clung— even in the maelstrom of modern conditions —to their own mode of life and thought. At no time did the entirely die out among them as a spoken tongue, and it was at all times the medium of their daily prayers. But, since the Jews refused to die and the Gentiles to absorb them, it was necessary to find a reconciliation between the two. In every country in which they lived, Jews became loyal citizens, contri- buting as conditions permitted, to its art, philosophy, commerce and general development. Yet though born in England America, France or Germany, as the case might be, they could not become completely and exclusively Englishmen, Americans, Frenchmen or Germans. There was always an admixture of Jewish culture, whether religion, in the ordinary sense, dominated or not. And this ancient culture was the very essence of the Jew, the source of his idealism, and his inspiration. If he surrendered it, nothing could really replace it, while his surrender would fail to bring greater toleration from non-Jews. Under such circumstances Zionism, in the modern form, arose. The love of Palestine had, as remarked, taken the place of the land itself among the normal characteristics of Jewish nationality. Embodied in prayers, evidenced in the celebration of festivals which were all tinged with Palestinian customs, all this, "the love of the land", had served as a tie between Jews even when had weakened. It was a common ancestral home which kept its sons united though seas and continents divided them. Allegiance to their respectively adopted countries did not suffer inany way from this idealised devotion to the country in which their forbears had furthered the moral progress of mankind. With the nineteenth century's recognition of nationality as a normal and creative force in world society, the Jews felt that they, too, could reassert their right to such recognition. They sought, therefore, to set up again a full Jewish life in which Jews need not be of mixed culture (Anglo-Jewish, German-Jewish etc.). but live simply and wholly as members of the Jew# nation. Naturally that could take place only on tbcj

50 soil of their historic land, and they turned, therefore, to the re-settlement of Palestine as an escape from their spiritual dilemma. While the number of Jews who settled in Palestine were few, they were helped and encouraged by large numbers of their brethern, who saw in this movement a rebirth of their people. It was never thought that all Jews would or could go to to Palestine,but what was contemplated, was the setting up of a National Home; an economically sound and culturally self contained racial entity, such as would solve the problem of creative existence for large numbers of Jews gathered in Palestine and, at the same time, serve to strengthen the national self- esteem and cultural heritage of the Jewish people in other countries. To this home the Jews looked for a new interpretation of Jewish life, which had perforce to be suspended and merely preserved since the Ghetto walls had broken down. Just as other races that had scattered abroad, Irish, Greek, and the English, too, have each their national centre although neither Ireland, Greece nor England con- tain all the Irish, Greek and English, so it is held that Palestine can serve again, as it did 2,000 years ago, as the National Home of the Jews.

2. PRE-WAR SETTLEMENTS The movement soon began taking shape, in the well-known pamphlet "Auto-Emancipation", by Dr. Leo Pinsker, in the foundation of the "Hoveve Zion," a world-wide fraternity of lovers of Zion, in the commencement of colonisation in Palestine, and above all in the emergence of the "BILU," a body of Zionist student immigrants from Russia. In the eighties the first settlements were established: in Judea:- Petah Tikva, Rishon le Zion, Rehoboth; in Samaria:- Hedera and Zichron Jacob; in Galilee:- Rosh Pinah and Metulla. The same period also saw the rebirth of Hebrew in Eastern Europe, and some time afterwards, in Palestine where Eliezer Ben Yehuda was the first to introduce its use as a spoken language. Upon the initiative of Theodor Herzl in 1897, the first Zionist Congress was convened at Basle. There the of the Zionist movement proper was laid by the formation of the Zionist Organisation, and by the adoption of the so- called Basle Programme, which declares that Zionism aims at the establishment of a publicly-recognised,

51 legally-securedhome inPalestine for the Jewishpeople. All other groups and tendencies soon united under the aegis of the strong movement which,led by Dr. Herzl, drew the attention of the Great Powers to the proposed solution of the "Jewish Question". Many diplomatic connections with political leaders and Governments were established during those early years. Of these none were so friendly or so favourable as the relations with Great Britain, which, as early as 1903, offered the Zionist Organisation a territory in East Africa for an autonomous Jewish settlement. Though that offer was not accepted, by the Zionist Organisation which wished to remain loyal to Erez Israel,British sympathy towards the aims of Zionism led finally (1917) to the so-called Balfour Declaration. Already in the early days of the movement, which assumed ever larger— dimensions, the first practical steps were taken the foundation of two important financial institutions for colonisation purposes. The Jewish Colonial Trust, with its Palestinian branch, the Anglo-Palestine Bank Ltd., became the financial instrument of the movement and the Jewish National Fund (Keren Kayemeth Leisrael), its agency for land purchase. The inexperience of the new settlers and the rigours of the climate made their struggle to establish themselves a very severe one, and they probably would have yielded to despair had not Baron Edmond de Rothschild of Paris come to their help. The Baron placed the villages on a secure economic footing; and in1900 the ICA* commencedits activities by founding settlements in Lower Galilee (Kfar Tabor, Yavniel, Sedjera etc.) having ultimately taken over the colonisation activities inaugurated by the Rothschild Administration. In 1908 the Palestine Zionist Office was established, Dr. Arthur Ruppin being placed at its head; the first tracts had been purchased by the JNF, and settlements were founded at Ben Shemen and Hulda in Judea, Dagania and Kinnereth in the Jordan Valley, and Merhavia in the Valley of Jezreel. This marked the emergenceof the Zionist Organisation as a colonising Agency. The main tendency of Zionist work in Palestine was and is to promote agricultural settlement, but urban development, too, became an important branch

— ■־'"■ ICA, The Palestine Organisation now termed PICA, Palestine Jewish Colonisation Association.

52 Lord Reading in the Balfour Forest of Zionist activity. The "", the precursor of the "New Yishuv" (or the pioneers who began to enter the country in the eighties) contributed its modest share to the development of the towns. The main progress in this direction has been made by the settlers of the "New Yishuv", who built up modern quarters in Jerusalem, Haifa and Jaffa. The outstanding feature in this field is, of course, the establishment of modern Jewish town quarters and of Tel Aviv (1909). The Hebrew language was established as the vernacular of the Palestinian Jews and introduced into the schools as the medium of instruction.

3. THE BALFOUR DECLARATION AND THE MANDATE. Though with the outbreak of the War Jewish colonisation in Palestine came to an abrupt standstill, the Zionist Organisation in the Diaspora intensified Its efforts to assure the recognition of the historic claim of the Jewish people to return to Palestine. Ihe result of the efforts of Dr. Chaim Weizmann and Mr. Nahum Sokolow was the famous Balfour eclaration, issued by the British Government on

53 November 2nd, 1917, over the signature of the late Lord Balfour, the then Minister of Foreign Affairs. " His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country". One after another the leading Powers formally approved the Balfour Declaration. The Peace Con- ference received a Zionist delegation, and finally the political status of Palestine was incorporated in the Mandate which was entrusted to Great Britain with the duty "of placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions, as will secure the establishment of the Jewish National Home." The preamble of the Mandate repeats the Balfour Declaration and refers to the historic connection of the Jewish people with Palestine. Provision is also made for the Zionist Organisation to be recognised as the Jewish Agency. Other clauses in the Mandate prescribe the procedure with reference to citizenship, allotment of state land for close settlement, immi- .gration,etc

4. THE JEWISH AGENCY FOR PALESTINE Constitutionally, the Jewish Agency is a public body recognised as such under Article 4 of the Mandate for the purpose of "advising and co-operat■ ing with the Administration of Palestine in such economic, social and other matters as may affect the establishment of the Jewish National Home, and the interests of the Jewish population in Palestine. When the Mandate for Palestine first came °־into force, it was the Zionist Organisation which was recognised as the Jewish Agency, with a pr vision that it should take steps to procure the co-operation of all Jews willing to assist in the establishment of the Jewish National Home. Pursuant to this provision, the Zionist Organisation entered 3 into negotiations with the leaders of the princip ! communities throughout the world, and the Jewish in its jeWish Agency present form was formally constituted by an agreement concluded at Zurich in August 1929, on the basis of equal representation for the Zionist Organisation and for non-Zionists. This agreement will always be connected with the names of its chief creators: Dr. Chaim Weizmann, then President of the Zionist Organisation, and the late Mr. Louis Marshall of New York. The organs of the Jewish Agency are a Council, an Administrative Committee and an Executive, in each of which bodies the principle of equal represen- .tationfor Zionists and non-Zionists is maintained The object of the Jewish Agency is to discharge its functions as set forth in the Mandate and quoted above, while seeking the realisation of the following aims:— Encouragement and furtherance of Jewish immigration; provision for meeting Jewishrelig- ious needs, subject to assuring and safeguarding individual freedom of conscience; the fostering of the Hebrew language and Jewish culture ; the acquisition of land as Jewish property; the י promotion of agricultural colonisation based on Jewish labour. In this way harmony wasachieved with the aim of Zionism which was defined by the first Zionist Congress in 1897 as "to create for the Jewish People a home in Palestine secured by the Public Law ." Thus, the Jewish Agency for Palestine is the channel through which the moral and material contri- butions of the Jewish people at large are directed towards the upbuilding of Jewish life in Palestine, within the conception of the Jewish National Home as provided for in the Mandate.

KEREN KAYEMETH LEISRAEL. The settlement of Palestine is not a commercial undertaking, but a work of national regeneration, which can only be brought to a successful issue by the united financial efforts of —world Jewry. The Keren— Kayemeth Leisrael Ltd., Jewish National Fund was founded in 1901 to purchase land in Palestine with the voluntary contributions of the Jewish people and to administer it as the common property of the Jewish people. The land purchased is disposed of only on the basis of hereditary lease- holds for agricultural purposes in the rural districts and of hereditary building leases in the cities. The Fund has also installed water-supplies in settlements on its land, and engages in afforestation, (through its special Tree Fund), as in the Herzl and Balfour Forests. The settlements established on KKL land have been, in the main, financed by the Jewish Agency with means put at their disposal by the KH amount- .ingto more than £1,500,000 Its moneys are collected from donors throughout the world. In addition to collections on Jewish holi- days etc., the Fund collects contributions by means of a Blue Box, distributed among a million Jewish homes throughout the world, and through the Golden Book, which is modern Jewry's Roll of Honor of those who help in the rebuilding of the Homeland. The land possessions, both rural and urban, of the Fund, total 296,904 metric dunams. Two thirds of this area was, when purchased, unfit for settlement and was drained and reclaimed by the Fund at great expense. The Fund's principal acquisitions have been in (1) The Valley of Jezreel, (2) The Plain of Haifa- Acre, and (3) The Sharon Plain. The first region is the principal zone of Zionist colonisation and consists of mixed farming settlements. The second is a great urban land reserve for the future expansion of Haifa, and is in part also fit for intensive cultivation. The Hadassah Women's Organisation of America has made itself responsible for meeting the cost of this stretch. The third consists of plantation land. The acquisition of a great part of this region is being made possible by the Jews of Canada (45,000 dunams) and of South Africa (15,000 dunams.( Five urban quarters for workers have been built up on J.N.F. land in Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, Haifa and Tiberias. The principal Jewish public buildings in the country are built on J.N. F. sites such as : The Hebrew University, the University and National Library, Jerusalem, the Great Synagogue of Tel Aviv and other synogogues, the Herzlia (Tel Aviv), Reali (Haifa) and Jerusalem .Secondary Schools, Bezalel School of Arts and Crafts, Jerusalem, the Technical

;־>(־, institute,Haifa, Ohel Shem, Tel Aviv, various hospi- tals, etc. In a word, the J.N.F. gives the Jew access land, preserves the land, promotes to the healthy suburban development, and adds beauty and utility barren places. to its dry and The J" N. F., which was founded in 1901 until August 1932 received £ 3,257,0( 0 from Jews throughout the world. KEREN HAYESOD. Post-War development in Palestine brought not only an opportunity but the necessity for settlement on a much larger scale. The financial means for carrying out this— work are supplied by the Keren Hayesod Ltd., Palestine Foundation Fund. Its activities date back to April 1921, but its Head Office was not transferred from London to Jerusalem until October 1926. Since the formation of the enlarged Jewish Agency, the K. H. has become its central financial institution and the chief instrument for Jewish sett- .lementin Palestine Fund is on a The t The based voluntary tithe. K.H. demands financial sacrifices in proportion to the income of the contributor. During the eleven years of its activities, the K.H. has succeeded in spreading its work over more than sixty countries. Scarcely any country in which Jews are living has failed to contribute its share to the total. The net income of the K.H. on September 30th,1932, had amounted to £ 4,880,000. Its income has had to cover the expenditures for the economic and cultural requirements of the growing Jewish Community in Palestine, and there is no phase of Jewish life, which has not, at some time or other, benefited from its activities.

IMMIGRATION. Immigration is regulated by the Jewish Agency and the Government of Palestine. The latter provides certificates for artisans, agricultural settlers and labourers, to be admitted at the request of the Executive in accordance with the estimated capacity pi the country to absorb such immigrants. Other I "migrants are allowed to enter the country on the

57 basis of adequate capital (£ 1,000 reduced in certain cases to £ 500) or an assured income of their own. The Keren Hayesod extends a helping hand to every immigrant without means from the moment he prepares for his journey across the sea to the time when he himself attempts to find his feet. The work begins in the immigrant's country of origin. Halutz organisations are given financial aid for the systematic training of future . "Palestine Offices" to assist the newcomer are established in most of the important centres of Europe. At the Palestine ports, i.c. Jaffa and Haifa special "hostels" provide board and lodging until work has been found for the newcomer. The immi- grant is granted loans to help him find his feet in the country. For all these purposes the K.H. had spent up to June 1932 £424,466. During the last decade the Jewish population of Palestine has increased by 100,000 souls. Agricultural Settlement forms the essential basis, the core, as it were, of all Jewish life in Pales- tine, for to many of its adherents, Zionism meant a longed-for return to the soil. Towards its development are directed the coordinated efforts of the Agency, Executive, K.H., K.K.L. £ 1,515,000, or almost a third of the K.H. total expenditure has been devoted to agricultural settlement. According to the economic census of April 1930, Palestine contains 107 Jewish villages or settlements with a population of approximately ־as compared with 72 such centres with 17,262 ,40,000 settlers in 1922. This means that the Jewish agri cultural population has more than doubled itself in 8 years. The Government census (end 1931) gave the Jewish population in the agricultural settlements as 46,400 or 26.6% of the total Jewish population in Palestine. In the settlements established by the K.H., the settler is granted a loan sufficient to set him up completely on land. He is supplied with milk and draught animals, machinery, buildings, manure and seed. The settling of a family (exclusive of the purchase price of the land) involves an average outlay of £ 700. Some of the settlers have recently signed contracts, undertaking to repay, in annual instalments, the sum invested by the Keren Hayesod, plus interest.

58 Emek : Jewish Girls. There are several principal types of settlement in Palestine.

9 a) The Moshava : The type of settlement which has imported tho usual individualist constitution. The farms vary in size and hired labour is the rule. In these settlements capital has been invested either by the settler alone, or jointly by the settler and the Keren Hayesod or other financial institutions,(Reho- (.both,Hedera, Magdiel are examples b) The Moshav is a smallholders settlement on land of the Jewish National Fund, which is allotted in equal holdings to each family on hereditary lease. Although each individual family runs its own farm independently, there is a cooperative buying and selling agency, mutual help is systematised, and mutual responsibility is organised to a high degree The village affairs are administered by a committee which is the representative of all holders. No wage labour is permitted, all work being carried out by the farmers and their dependents. Nahalal and Kfar Yeheskel in the Valley of Jezreel are such settlements. In all, there are 23 Moshavim in Palestine. Cooperation is carried a step further in the Kvuza or commune w^hich works an estate of the J" N. F., on hereditary lease, in common. Every "ember has equal rights, "each giving according to

59 his capacity and receiving according to his needs" kvuzoth; There are two main types of the one in which the income is entirely derived from the pro and . ducts of the estate, the other in which it is jn part derived from this source and in part from earnings of members engaged in work elsewhere. In both types all income and expenses are pooled Am Harod, the largest of the kvuzoth, is repre- sensitive of the first type and Givat Ilashlosha, near Petah Tikva, of the second type. A large number of kvuzoth of both types, among them Am Harod and Tel Joseph, are organised into national collectives () based on the principle of mutual assistance and exchange of manpower between the member-settlements. There are two such Kibbutzim, numbering between them some 3,000 members and playing an important part in the absorption of new immigrants. An important part of Keren Hayesod work is represented by the Agricultural Experiment Station, whose laboratories and central offices have been transferred from Tel Aviv to Rehoboth and Gebath (in the Emek Jezreel) and which has additional experimental fields in other parts of the country. The aim of the institution is to raise the level of Palestinian agriculture both by scientific investigation and by practical demonstrations. The Keren Hayesod has also assisted the foundation of the "Museum of Natural Science and Agriculture" in Jerusalem, now .University ׳affiliated with the Hebrew

URBAN SETTLEMENT. ־The growth of Jewish settlements and Jewish industry has gone hand in hand with that of agri culture and represents an investment of £ 934,519 by the K.H. in eleven years. The K.H.budget for public works has provided means for the building of roads in new districts and proved a boon during the unemployment ־ .crisis Zionist Organi־ The Labour Department of the sation has granted from the funds of the Keren Hayesod considerable credit to urban cooperative and other enterprises, which opened fresh fields of work for Jewish labour, as for example, in the quarrying industry. The building industry and allied trades have benefited largely by the establishment of "The

60 Haifa :Hebrew Technical Institute. — General Mortgage Bank of Palestine" the first institution of its kind in the country. Another vital factor in the developmentboth of Jewish industry and Jewish plantation and irrigation works is the Palestine Electric Corporation— founded by the engineer P. Rutenberg-which, a few years ago, set up power stations in Tel Aviv, Haifa and Tiberias, and which will, with the approaching com- pletionof its great central power stationin the Jordan Valley, be able to supply all Palestine, except Jerusalem, with electric light and power. The har- nessing of the Jordan and Yarmuk will provide electric power for industry and agriculture at more favourable rates. Of the £ 1,000,000 capital of the Palestine Electric Corporation, £ 100,000, represent an investment of the K. H.

EDUCATION. The Department of Education was established by the Zionist Organisation after the War. It conso- lidated the network of schools organised by various bodies tinder the influence of Zionism. The school system has grown steadily and is now officially recognised by the Government as the public school system for the Jews paralleling the Government school system for the Arabs. About 250 institutions

61 are maintained by or affiliated with the Department of Education now about to be transferred to the Vaad ha-Leumi. All grades of schools are included, kindergarten, elementary, secondary and Teachers Training Schools. The number of pupils enrolled in the academic year 1931/32 was over 23,145, which constitutes two thirds of all Jewish children attending school. The medium of instruction is Hebrew, while foreign languages taught include English and Arabic. From the point of view of cultural conceptions and social philosophy, the schools are divided into three categories : Mizrahi (Orthodox), General and Labour. Over 60% of the children are enrolled in the general schools, about one third in the Mizrahi schools and ׳ about 7° 0 in the schools of the Labour Federation. A large degree of autonomy is allowed to each type of work, the system being unified through the supervision of the Department of Education and the Vaad Hachinuch (Board of Education (. The schools expend in all about £ 180,000, the largest single contributor to the budget being the ׳Keren Hayesod, which in recentyears has appropriated about £ 75,000 annually, lately reduced to £ 40,000. The Government of Palestine gives a grant-in-aid of about £ 20,000. The remaining sum needed is derived from tuition fees, contributions of town councils, the settlements and P.I.C.A. (The Palestine Jewish Colo- nisation Association(. Besides the regular school work, the Jewish Agency and other Zionist bodies conduct, mainly with the aid of K. 11. funds, additional educational activities for youth and adults. The Educational Committee of the Labour Federation offers educational opportunities for juvenile workers and adults. The Hebrew Technical School at Haifa gives a course in engineering and architecture to graduates of secon- dary schools, and also conducts a trade school for boys, graduates of the elementary schools. The Hebrew University and the JewishNational and University Library, while they do not come under the Department of Education but constitute a separate corporation, may, however,be said to crownthe whole Hebrew Educational System.

62 5 THE JEWISH NATIONAL COUNCIL )vaad leumi(

The Executive Committee of the Jewish Elected \ssembly is the recognised representative of the organised Jewish community of Palestine, and auto- matically includes allJews unless there is an individual request to be omitted. The first elections were held in May 1920, and the first National Assembly met in October 1920. Although immediately recognised de facto by the then High Commissioner, Sir Herbert Samuel, the Ordinance granting official status to this body was not promulgated until January 1928. Elections are held every three years. The last elections took place in the winter of 1930. This Assembly consisting of 71 members, returned on the basis of proportional representation, elected a General Council (Vaad Leumi) of 23, which in turn appointed an executive committeeof 6, to carry on all business. At this session it was decided that all services, cpnnected with health, education and social welfare, should gradually be taken over by the Jewish community of Palestine, for which purpose the Vaad Leumi should avail itself of its important right to impose taxes on the Jewish community. The functions of the Vaad Leumi are twofold : 1. To organise the local communities for the conduct of communal affairs. 2. To represent the Palestine Jewish commu- nity before the Government and to cooperate with the Jewish Agency.

6. HEALTH AND SANITATION

The new conditions of work and climate in Palestine, to which most of the Jewish immigrants must themselves, first slowly accustom , require a special health and sanitation system, !his is provided chiefly through the Hadassah Medical Organisation ,the Women's Zionist Organisation of America מ and the Workers' Sick Fund (Kupat Holim .(

63 י HADASSAH The Hadassah Women s Zionist Oro-arncof of America, now in the twenty first year of "<- -existence, comprises several hundred branch & throughout the United States. Since 1918, it v conducted in Palestine a country-wide system f preventive and curative activities, known as th Hadassah Medical Organisation, including hospital polyclinics, laboratories, pre-natal and infant welfare

Hadassah Centre in Jerusalem : Infant Welfare Centre. stations, Straus Health Centres, a nurses' training school, departments for school hygiene and nutrition, a rural medical service, anti-trachoma and anti-tuber- culosis campaigns, etc. HOSPITALS 1. Rothschild (Hadassah) Hospital of Jerusalem, ־to which are attached polyclinics, an X-ray institute,a pathological institute, a bacterio

64 logical and chemical laboratory, and the Hadassah Nurses' Training School. 2-3. During 1931, Hadassah transferred two of its hospitals to the Yishuv, which are now known as the Tel Aviv Township-Hadassah Hospital and the Haifa Community-Hadassah Hospital. Both these institutions are subsi- .disedby Hadassah 4. The Safed Hospital, containing the only tuberculosis ward in the country, which receives patients from all parts of Palestine. These four hospitals together have a total bed-capacity of 355 to 403 beds. In 1931, they treated about 10,800 patients.

POLYCLINICS In addition to the polyclinics attached to the four hospitals, Hadassah conducts a separate poly- clinic at Tiberias. In 1931, these five institutions treated a total of about 80,000 new cases, and received 350,000 patients' visits. b*TRAUS HEALTH CENTRES. The two Nathan and Lina Straus Health Centres of Hadassah, in Jerusalem and I*el Aviv, are devoted to the spread of health education by means of lectures, newspaper articles, and exhibits. The Jerusalem Centre has the following departments: Health;Edu- cation; Corrective Gymnasium ; Nutrition ; Dental Clinic ; Health Welfare Station and School Hygiene Department of Hadassah Medical Organisation ; Day Nursery of Histadruth Nashim Ibrioth ; Pasteurisation Plant; Straus Soup Kitchen. The departments of fhe lei Aviv Centre are: Health Education ; Sex Hygiene Station ;Library; Infant Welfare Station and School Hygiene Department of Hadassah Medical Organi- sation; Dental Clinic of Tel Aviv Dental Society ; Day Nursery of Histadruth Nashim Ibrioth; Food- testing Laboratory of Engineers' Society.

HEALTH WELFARE STATIONS. The 22 health welfare stations in the towns and villages provide pre-natal, infant welfare, pre- school and distiict nursing services. In 1931, they ad a total registration of 3,549 expectant mothers,

65 י 3,828 infants, and 1,517 pre-school children. The district nurses attached to the stations paid 50,299 home visits during 1931.

SCHOOL HYGIENE DEPARTMENT. This department supervises the physical and mental development of about 24,000 Jewish school children in all parts of Palestine, and trains them in personal and social hygiene. One of its major achievements lies in having reduced the incidence of trachoma in the Jewish schools from 34°/0 iv 1918 to 7.9% in 1931. NUTRITION DEPARTMENT. In addition to serving the needs of the medical institutions of Hadassah, the Nutrition Department also conducts an extensive educational campaign by means of exhibits, lectures, and courses in dietetics and cookery for housewives.

BUDGET. The estimated budget of the Hadassah Medical Organisation for 1931-2 called for an income of about LP.81,800, of which the Hadassah Women's Zionist Organisation of America provided LP. 50,000, the Junior Hadassah LP. 3,000, and Baron de Rothschild LP. 2,500, making a total of LP. 55,500 received from abroad. The remaining LP.26,300 were received from local sources : LP. 14,700 from the institutions subsidised by Hadassah, and LP. 11,500 from those maintained by it. Palestine Council. Hadassah also conducts several non-medical activities in Palestine : systems of School Luncheons and Playgrounds and Clothing Distribution. These activities are administered by the Palestine Council of Hadassah.

SCHOOL LUNCHEONS. In 1931, the Hadassah School Luncheons system comprised 17 schools and 50 Kindergartens, where 3,201 children were served midday meals. At the same time, 4,141 boys and girls in the 17 schools were given theoretical instruction in dietetics and practical training in cookery.

66 PLAYGROUNDS. The Guggenheimer Playgrounds Fund system consists of (administered by Hadassah) 5 year-round playgrounds (3 in Jerusalem, 1 in Tel Aviv, and 1 fn Haifa) and 1 summer playground (Safed). In Haifa, ־the playground receives financial support from the Histadruth Nashim Ibrioth and the Vaad Hadar Ha Carmel. The Guggenheimer Playgrounds system also provides expert supervision for the playgrounds at Raananah and Rehoboth, which are maintained by the local branches of the Histadruth Nashim Ibrioth.

CLOTHING DISTRIBUTION. Distribution of Clothing and Linens sent from Americaby Hadassah is arranged through the agency of the Histadruth Nashim Ibrioth in various centers, inco-operation with the Palestine Council of Hadassah.

Junior Hadassah. ׳ NURSES TRAINING SCHOOL. The annual budget of the Hadassah Nurses' Training School, amounting to about LP. 3,000, is covered by Junior Hadassah. The total number of graduates of the School to date is 171.

CHILDREN'S VILLAGE MEIR SHEFEYA. The major project of Junior Hadassah is the Children's Village Meir Shefeya, near Zichron Jacob, where about 100 orphan girls and boys are being reared for life on the land. During 1931, beginnings were made with a supplementary project in the form of an orangs plantation at Pardess , where the Meir Shefeya graduates will complete their training in practical agriculture.

RURAL MEDICAL SERVICE. The Kupath Holim Amamith (RuralSick Fund), founded by Hadassah in 1931, has assumed respon- sibility for medical service in 30 settlements not affiliated with the Labour Kupath Holim. Kupath Holim Amamith, like the Tel Aviv and Haifa hospitals, is subsidised by Hadassah.

67 Central Workers' Hospital in the I?mek. KUPATH HOLIM Kupath Holim forms part of the General Fede- ration of Jewish Labour in Palestine, and provides workers with medical assistance in the event of sickness. It is organised on the same lines as similar Sick Benefit Societies in Europe, but differs from European societies in that it works through its own institutions. No legal provision or compulsory Health Insu- rance of employees exist today in Palestine, and the Federation of Labour cannot compel its members to ־join the Kupat Holim, yet the fund has a paying membership of 19,000 and together with their depen dents serves about 37,000 persons. The services of the Kupat Holim include : 1. Medical treatment of members and their dependents during illness. 2. Supply of medicine 3. Payment of travelling expenses of country members ordered to come to the central clinic. 4. Sick benefit to members receiving no wages while ill. 5. Convalescence facilities 6. Maternity benefit.

68

t 7. Sanitary and preventive work. 8. Xray and other special treatment. The Kupat Holim has established the following institutions: 1. THE CENTRAL HOSPITAL in the Valley of Esdraelon (The Emek) serves all the settlements of the Emek and the Jordan valley. The Hospital consists Internal 0f three departments: Diseases, Obstetrics and Children. All the technical requirements of a modern hospital have been fulfilled and many special improvements to suit climatic conditions added. The American Jewish Physicians' Committee, the Hadassah and the Jewish Community of Shanghai, through the K.H., have contributed to the construction of the new buildings.

2. TDK ARZA CONVALESCENT HOME AT MOTZA, NEAR JERUSALEM. Established in 1923 with help of various or- ganisations. The Canadian Hadassah provided means for thecompletion of the building and for the erection of the special house for the staff. Over 1,000 working men and women, weakened "through overwork, malaria etc., are admitted to the home every year.

3. BOROCHOV SANATORIUM ON MOUNT CARMEL. Established with the help of Jewish workers Alliance of America, the Rosenthal family, Breslan (in memory ־of a departed son) and other individuals and institut ions. Some 300 workers are receivd here annually. 4. Central Medecine Depot. .5 Three large clinics at Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Haifa. 6. 60 smaller rural clinics. 7. Three dispensaries. 8. Three electro-therapeutical institutes. 9. A dental clinic in Tel Aviv. Kupat Holim institutions are found at 50 points m various parts of the country. The annual budget of the Fund is £52,000; 18.5% of this is covered by members monthly contributions; 13°/0 by employers' contributions ; 58% by the Jewish Agency while the Hadassah provides treatment in its institutions to members of Kupat Holim.

»;־.» % WOMEN'S INTERNATIONAL ZIONIST ORGANISATION (WIZO .( The Zionist endeavour has arousedJewish women all over the world to active cooperation. Since the beginnings of the Movement women have been in the first ranks of those who proclaimed the Zionist Ideal and fought for it. When the time came for the practical realisation of Zionist aims, it became clear that certain departments of work, particularly the training of women for the work of reconstruction and the care for the welfare of mother and child were apt to be overlooked. This wide field of activity remained to be undertaken by women's organisations. In this way the Wizo, the Women's International Zionist Organisation, which to-day has 40,000 members in 40 countries all over the world, set itself a social task of the widest importance, with its task to promote the training of women and children's welfare work. The Organisation is directed by a Palestine and a Galuth Executive (Head-Office in London), elected at bi-annual World Conferences of delegates of the Wizo Federations. There are three ways in which the Wizo endeavours to help the Jewish woman, particularly the new immigrant, to adapt herself to the conditions of the country, to educate her for life in Palestine and to raise the general standard of living in the country by looking after the welfare of mothers and children :1) Training of women in all branches of agriculture ; 2) Instruction in economic and hygienic household management and in rational feeding and 3) Instructing mothers in modern infant hygiene and maintaining children's welfare centres. The Aliya which is to be expected in the next few years puts before the Wizo new tasks of professional training for girls. In carrying through its program of training women in agriculture, Wizo cooperates with the Women Workers Council (Moazath Hapoaloth), which has affiliated with Wizo on the basis of group representation in 1931. The Palestinian Women's Organisation "Histadruth Nashim Ivrioth" has also affiliated with Wizo in the summer of 1932 and will in future form, together with the Palestinian Fede- ration of the Wizo, theHistadruth Arzith,aPalestinian Women's Organisation.

70 Girls' Farm of the W.1.Z.0. at Ness Ziona.

The following institutions are maintained by the Wizo : 1( Girls Agricultural School at Nahalal 2( Domestic Science School(Hostel), at Tel Aviv. 3) Training Kitchen andRestaurantin Tel Aviv. 4( Courses of Domestic Science, evening courses for working girls, the laying out of utility gardens (to date 420), gardening instruction. The Histadruth Arzith has also clubs Haifa Tel Aviv (advice in and ׳ in domestic science questions, etc(. 5( J^hree children's welfare and consulting centres for mothers, and a Mothercraft Training Centre in Tel Aviv. 6( Five Girls Training Farms: Ness Ziona, Yehuda, Petah Tikva, Shehunath Borochov and Afule (in cooperation with Moazath Hapoaloth). . 7) Baby Home in Jerusalem and Day Creche m Tel Aviv (both founded by Histadruth Nashim Ivrioth and maintained since 1929 by Wizo). ; Annual budget of Wizo is £21,000. Number of Pupils in training institutions and farms : 30, in the

71 courses for women and girls :600, in the gardening courses for schools and kindergartens, about 7,000. !he children welfare work of the Wizo benefits annually about 2,600 children.

7. INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT Palestine's geographic position naturally fits her to become an important industrial and commercial centre of the Middle East. The Haifa Harbour which is under construction, the Suez Canal to the South, her network of good roads, her hydro-electric power, her transportation facilities already provided or on the point of construction, such as the Haifa Bagdad Railway— all point in this direction. In several industrial fields prospects are the more favourable in that the necessary raw materials are found either in the country itself or nearby. Two that can be readily mentioned are the chemical industry with phosphate, potash, bromine and mag- nesium deposits in the country, and the textile industry with the raw materials in the neighbouring countries. In industry, as elsewhere, much depends on individual capacities. The immigration influx into Palestine brings persons of experience moved by natural impulses who are prepared to devote all their energies to the economic rehabilitation of the country. A comparison with pre-war conditions in Palestine shows the extent of iudustrial progress already made. Before the war enterprises were generally of a domestic or an artisan type, with almost no machi- nery and no hired labour. The only pre-war industries of importance were the soap industry of Nablus and Jaffa, and the wine industry of Rishon le Zion and other colonies. Many obstacles to industrial progress have been removed such as the antiquated Customs tariff of to Turkish ,times. Electric power is now available in- dustry. !he Palestine Electric Corporation is already operating power stations at Tel Aviv, Haifa and Tiberias,and is rapidly completing its Jordan hydro— electric power station, which willsupply 40,000 H.P" Industry is mainly established in Tel Aviv and Haifa. It is important to note that industrial progress has not proceeded at the cost of harsh exploitation of cheap labour, as in other colonial countries Here wage been paid, an a fair has 8-hour day adopted and with the aid of the Kupat Holim (Workers' Sick Fund) to which manufacturers contribute, suitable labour conditions have been created. Industrial ad- vance has found expression, not only in increased production but in improvements of quality, so that local products can now stand comparison with similar European goods. Without adequate tariff protection,local industry has gained a firm hold on the local market. While in 1923-24, such products as hosiery, footwear, matches, furniture, fancy leather goods, cement and toilet soap were entirely supplied by foreign import, these are now mainly covered by local supplies. Cement imports alone have decreased from £ 100,000 to £20,000. Palestine industries have also succeeded in setting a footing in a number of export markets. Palestine goods compete successfully with many European products in the Syrian market and some articles have gained a place for themselves in other neighbouring countries, as well as in countries overseas. Exports have risen from £ 54,000 in 1925 to £ 140,000 in 1929. The Jewish Manufacturers' Association of Pa- lestine has played its part in the industrial progress of the country. Credit facilities have been improved, fresh capital has been attracted from abroad, special advantages have been obtained for new enterprises and new export markets have been developed. The second Levant Fair, held in Tel Aviv in the Spring of 1932, attracted numerous visitors and exhibitors both from Palestine and abroad. 250,000 persons, Palestinians and tourists, visited the Fair. The.Exhibitors numbered 120. - AGRICULTURAL CONTRACTING ENTERPRISES. 1 Palestine Plantations, Ltd., (Tel Mond), Haifa, P.0.8. 412. A limited company, founded by the late Lord Melchett, sells and developson the account of third parties orange .groves at Tel Mond, to the north of Kfar Saba ־ 2 Gan Chaim Corporation,Ltd., Tel Aviv,P.0.8.139. A limited company in which the prospective citrus planter can buy shares to be changed afterwards against bearing orange groves. 3 Jaffa Plantations Ltd., Hedera, P.0.8. 9. Founded by Dr. Bruenn. Develops orange plantation near Hedera on account of third parties. ־ 1 Palestine Investment & Development Agency Ltd Col. F. H. Kisch P.0.8. 760 Jerusalem Tel.1220 Haifa Representation M. A. Aleinikoff P.0.8. 137. Tel Aviv Representation E. Weinsehall M. F. 106 Allenby Rd. 5. Hanotaia Ltd., Tel Aviv, P.0.8. 18. Founded by the Bne Benyamin Organisation. Develops and supervises on contract orange groves at Natania and Yehudia on account of persons still living abroad. 6. Yakhin Agriculture Contracting Cooperative Association Ltd., Tel Aviv, P.0.8. 332. Founded by the Central Federation of Jewish Labour in 1926. Develops and supervises on contract orange groves in various parts of the country on account of persons still living abroad. 7. Agriculture and Building Bank for Palestine,Ltd Tel Aviv, P.0.8. 761. Sells land at "Meretz", near Tulkarem. Other companies developing orange groves on behalf of persons living abroad are : Company Ltd. Tel Aviv (Fisher Plantations, Tulkarem.) Achusa New York A & B )Plantations at Raanana and near Gedera(

At the Seashore in Tel Aviv PALESTINE AND EGYPT LLOYD Ltd. TRAVEL AGENTS

offer their experience and knowledge for planning and arranging tours, individual and conducted, in the Near East, especially in Palestine, and its neighbouring countries. A JEWISH TRAVEL ORGANISATION with own offices at all important places and a well trained European staff is at your disposal for valuable advice and courteous assistance so as to ensure your best travel comfort. Please write for literature and information, stating your individual needs. We shall meet them in accordance with the amount you wish to spend. m

Head Office: JERUSALEM, P.0.8. 307. Tourist Depi.: CAIRO, 4 Shareh Maghraby.

OFFI C ES: JERUSALEM CAIRO JAFFA ALEXANDRIA TEL AVIV PORT SAID HAIFA KANTARA BEIRUT BAGDAD ALEPPO ״ " Telegraphic Address PELTOURS a■ BANCO Dl ROMA JOINT STOCK COMPANY Paid Up Capital Lire 200,000,000 Reserves Lire 62,000,000 HEAD OFFICE: ROME 164 Branches in Italy and Colonies

Foreign Branches : — Switzerland: Lugano Chiasso Malta : Ta Valetta — Turkey : Istanbul— (Constantinople)— Izmir— (Smyrna)— Syria : Beirut Alep— Damascus Horns Dattaquie — Tripoli— — Palestine : Jerusalem Jaffa Haifa Tel Aviv. Foreign Affiliations : .Bancodi Roma (France): Paris — Lyons Banco Italo Egiziano: Egypt. a :a

VISITORS TO PALESTINE PLANT YOUR OWN ORANGE GROVES ON PROVED LAND With the most modern and productive methods Title Deeds (Kushans) on first payment.

Also Available: FRUIT BEARING GROVES URBAN PROPERTY in the PRINCIPAL TOWNS

For Particulars and Terms, apply to LT. COL. F. H. KISCH, C.8.E., D.S.O. PALESTINE INVESTMENT & DEVELOPMENT AGENCY Jerusalem Tel. 1220 60ך .P.0.8 HAIFA Representative TEL-A VIV Representative M. Aleimkoff E. Weinshall, M.E. Tel. 178 P.O.B. 137 Tel. 127 106 Allenby Road APPENDICES STATISTICS KEREN KAYEMETH LEISRAEL (Jewish National Fund( a) LAND POSSESSIONS OF THE J.N.F. tjrAL Metr. Dunams״ 38,000 "״ "■" - judea Samaria and Sharon ...... 43,000 Haifa-Acre Plain ...... 31,000 Emekjezreel ...... 164,000 Jordan Valley ... 12,000 000יGalilee "— """ """ 4 292,000

1,635 ״. .״ .״ URBAN Total 293,635

ERRATA.

Ll> LP ACQUISITION OF LAND Rural Land 1.354,914 Urban Land 152,805 1,507,719 AMELIORATION OF RURAL LAND Drainage 139,897 Water Installation 108,411 248,308 AFFORESTATION 151855 BUILDINGS Farm buildings and workmen's dwellings 42,950 Urban dwellings 18,280 61,230 VARIOUS Loans 8,544 Equipment for farms 20,527 Kpes 34,621 (stock) " 5,550 Total LP 1,003,733

77 APPENDICES STATISTICS KEREN KAYEMETH LEISRAEL (Jewish National Fund( a) LAND POSSESSIONS OF THE J.N.F. rurAL - - Metr. Dunams d»,uuu38,000 ״.■ judea Samaria and Sharon ...... 43,000 Haifa-Acre Plain ...... 31,000 Emek Jezreel ...... 164,000 Jordan Valley ■ ...- ...- 12,000 4,000 ״"י Galilee 292,000 1,635 ... ״. .״ URBAN Total 293,635

b) GROWTH OF J.N.F. Rl RAL LAND POSSESSIONS Metr. Dunams In 1920 22,000 72,000 1922 ״I 130,000 1924 ״■ * 1926 177,000 201,000 1928 ״ 277,000 1930 ״ 292,000 ־ 1932 ״ c) TABLE Ob J.N.F. INVESTMENTS AS ON 31st MAY 1932 LP LP ACQUISITION OF LAND Rural Land 1.354,914 Urban Land 152,805 1,507,719 AMELIORATION OF RURAL I AND Drainage 139,897 Water Installation 108,411 248,308 AFFORESTATION 151,855 BUILDINGS Farm buildings and workmen's dwellings 42,950 -> T rban dwellings 18,280 61,230 VARIOUS 8,544 20,527 34,621 " 5,550 Total LpTOO3/733

77 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES )LEVANT) LIMITED I. C.I. and its Subsidiary LEVANT AGENCIES LIMITED

supply

THE PALESTINE INDUSTRY and AGRICULTURE with all their needs. o

Offices at :

HAIFA (Head Office), JAFFA, JERUSALEM, BEYROUTH, ALEPPO, TRIPOLI, DAMASCUS, MERSINA, IZMIR,

LIMASSOI LIMASSOI. NICOSIA, FAMAGUSTA, and BAGHDAD d) NUMBER OF TREES PLANTED BY THE J.N.F. AS AT END 5692

1. Ginegar 395,000 2. Mishmar Haemek ...... 176,000 3 um-Kebi-Sufsefa ...... 133,000 4. Ben Shemen ...... 112,000 5. Sarid ...... 71,000 6. Kinnereth ...... 65,000 7. Kefar Malal ...... 60,000 8. Kiryath Anabim ...... 50,000 9. Nuris-Block ...... 46,000 10. Hulda ...... 40,000 11. Nahalat Yehuda ...... 36,000 12. Nahalal ...... 30,000 13. Beer Tobia ...... 27,000 14. Merhavia ...... 26,000 15. Hittim ...... 21,000 16. Em Harod ...... 18,000 17. Gvath ...... 17,000 18. Degania ...... 6,000 19. Kefar Barukh ...... 1,000 Total 1,330,000

KEREN HAYESOD a) CASH RECEIPTS; Ist APRIL 1921 -30th JUNE 1932.

1. United States of America ...... £ 2,395,977 2. South Africa ...... 391,138 3. Germany ...... 241,906 4. England ...... 227,059 5" Poland ...... 217,999 6" Rumania ...... 197,056 7■ Canada ...... 164,443 S" South American Republics ...... 130,607 9- ... Czechoslovakia ...... '... 99,700 ]°■ Holland ...... " ... 99,190 n" ...... France, Belgium & Switzerland ...... 93,172 12" Baltic States (Lithuania, Latvia, - Finland and Esthonia) ... 89,555 13 Erez Israel 52,634 " Balkan States (Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Greece) 46,871 h■ Austria 40,714 16- ...... Other countries 226,419 £4,714,440

79 LJ AIV A THE GATEWAY n/\lri\ OF THE EAST

The development of Haifa As the leadingport in the East Mediterranean, As the outlet for the Ira(! and Persian oil fields, As the junction of the Air Route to India, As the industrial centre of the Near East, makes the purchase of land in the city of its surrounding's the most profitable and sound of Palestine investments. The Land Companies The The The PALESTINELAND AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT ZION DEVELOPMENT Co. I COMMONWEALTH I Co. JERUSALEM-HAIFA

OFFER

Building plots in Haifa town, Hadar Hacarmel, Neve Shaanan. Industrial plots in the Harbour area, directly adjoining Railway line & water way. Plots for villas on Mount Carmel. Land for agriculture, fruit plantations, residential or industrial purposes in and near AFF U L E the central point of Haifa's hinterland.

1 OF ALLOCATION KEREN HAYESOD— FUNDS IN ן,) PALESTINE !"ROM Ist APRIL 1921 30th JUNE, 1932. £ . in70 IAgricultural Colonisation ... 1,514,969 32.4 Colonisation, 9 Urban Investments and Public Works ...... 934,519 20.0 ;j. Education ...... 911,177 19.5 4. Immigration ...... 424,404 9.1 5, Public Health and Sanitation ... 292,265 6.3 6 Religious and Communal Institutions ... 283,030 6.1 7. Administration and Miscellaneous ... 309,123 6.6 Total £4,669,547 100.0

ACTIVITIES OF HADASSAH MEDICAL ORGANISATION

No. of out-Patients in Clinics ...... 1,830,000 No. of Visits paid to Clinics ...... 7,000,000 Budget ...... £ 1,500,000

EDUCATION

Zionist Schools and Kindergartens Schools Pupils Teachers !913 12 1,064 91 IQ2O 1:37 12,830 605 1932 265 23,145 917 In 1932 : Kindergartens 140 5165 180 Elementary Schools 110 15587 551 Secondary Schools 5 1527 96 Teachers' Seminaries 4 403 44 Technical and Manual Schools 6 463 46 265 23,145 917 Jjebrew University :250 Students alfa Technical Institute: 125 Students PALATIN-HOTEL 1 TEL AVIV

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Excellent Cuisine Very Moderate Prices DISTRIBUTION ACCORDING TO LOCALITY pupils 5,035 ״with ״Jerusalem 35 institutions Jaffa-Tel Aviv 50 8,322 1,913 ״ ,י, Haifa 17 ״ ״ Tiberias 3 387 266 ״ ״ Safed 3 ״ ״ Other towns 8 312 Settlements in Judea 65 3,887 Settlements in Samaria 20 1,025 Settlements in Galilee and Emek 64 1,998

INCOME OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF THE JEWISH AGENCY 1931/32:

Keren Hayesod ...... LP 75,700 PICA ...... 5,600 School-fees and other contributions from the Yishuv 76,600 Government of Palestine 19,200 Other sources 8,000 LP 185,100

THE POPULATION OF PALESTINE

Percentage of Census of 23.X.1922 Census of 18.X1.1931 Jewish population 1922 1931 Jews Non-Jews Jews Non-Jews ~ 83,794 673,388 174,610 861,211 ~lf~11 17 Total 1922: 757.1821i1h71h1tang 1931 : 1,035,821

POPULATION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TOWNS IN 1931

Jews Non-Jews Total Jerusalem 51,200 90,500 Tel Aviv 45,600 46,200 Jaffa 7,200 44,7001 51,900 Haifa 15,900 50,400 Safed 2,600 9,500 Tiberias 5,400 3,2001 8,600 KING DAVID HOTEL JERUSALEM

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Jews Arabs Per per Number thousand Number thousand Births 5,539 32.7 40,472 57.5 Deaths 647 9.7 19,502 27.8 Natural increase 3,892 23.0 20,970 29.7

POPULATION FIGURES FOR THE YEARS 1921 — 1931

jews 50,000 19,000 31,060 Christians 32,000 14,000 18,000 Moslems 358,000 183,000 175,000 Others 4,500 2,500 2,000 Total 444,500 218,500 226000

י IMMIGRATION

Among 118,000 Jewish immigrants to Palestine during the period 1920 np to middle of 1932 there came from : Poland 47,000 39.8% Russia 28,000 23.7% Rumania 5,000 4.2% Lithuania 4,000 3.4% South,West and Central Europe 8,000 6.8% Asia 9,000 7.6% United States 2,000 1.7% Other countries 15,000 12.8% 118,000 100.0%

INDUSTRIES Jewish Agency Census, Spring 1930 No. of factories and workshops ...... 2,475 No. of persons working therein ...... 10,968 Capital invested ... £P 2,234,000 v ...... alue of annual production ...... £P 2,510,000

85 gSHam11«««1»11«n«u■ !iwtw wiraiim■!!"!wi■atisnwiafißiWitnmunttH■!mwiauwtHiißUßiuuwtiai nits»■!!■!lauati■!■■imiattaußti■j1«1■I«HMDwI«HMn1 THE EASY WAY | THROUGH—— — ——— —— — י— ——— ״PALESTINE -־— — — «.! ״__ »—

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No. of users of power 8,300 3,400 360 NO. of Lamps in residences 85,300 34,200 5,600 No. of motors supplied with power 1,400 650 20

SURVEY OF PRINCIPAL AGRICULTURAL JEWISH SETTLEMENTS.

)Transliteration in accordance with the newly published Memorandum of the Waad Ha-1,eumi,"1932( * A denotes** that the settlement has been financed by the KH (wholyor in part) ; two denote that the settlement has been financed by the KH (wholly or in part) and established on KKI«-land. The simple underlining of the namemeans that the settlement is of the Kvuza type ; the double underliningthat it is of the Moshav type. Figures are approximate. - Number of Old Dv Name Year of Inhabitants nams foundation (as per Census (rounded )of 1931) off figures י JUDEA (near Jerusalem) 1. Kiriyath Anabim** 1919 109 500 2. Moza 1894 151 700 3. Ataroth** 1920 112 250 4. Neve Jakob 1925 101 1000 ״"'׳' 5. Ramath Rachel 1926 131 80 6. Hartob 1896 101 5000 JUDEA (South of Tel Aviv) 7. Mikwe Israel 1870 383 2400 ""' 8. Nahalat Yehuda7 7 1913 257 800 9. Rishon Lezion 1882 2478 35700 10. Nes Ziona 1882 1012 9400 ״ 11. KefarAharon 1927 108 300 12. Rehoboth 1890 3075 23000 13. Shaaraim" 1900 541 400 14. Kvuzath Schiller** 1927 83 400 15. Kibbuz Hameuhad 155 (GibeathBrenner)''"'" IG. 59 Kefar Marmorek*** 17- Bet Hanan 1929 178 1800

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PALESTINE'S GREATEST PRESENT NEEDISCONTINUEDDEVELOPMENT THE BASIS OF DEVELOPMENT IS AGRICULTURE, AND CITRUS GROWING IS ITS MOST PROFITABLE AND PROMISINGBRANCH " " YAKHIN Co-operative Agricultural Contracting Society,Ltd" Undertakes all kinds of Agricultural Work,especially planting of Orange Groves, Banana Groves, etc. " YAKHIN" STANDS FOR RELIABILITY AND EFFICIENCY.

Head Office : 19. Hahashmal Str., Tel Aviv. P.0.8. 332 Tel. 313 18. Ben Shemen** ""(Children's Village)* 1906 353 2500 !9. Beer Jakob 1908 265 2200 20. Gedera 1885 201 7100 9], Beer Tobia** 1896 206 5600 22_ Ekron 1884 309 14200 23. Naane* 69 24. Hulda** 1909 49 2000 JUDEA (North of Tel Aviv) 25. Nahalat Izhak !34 26. Shekhunat Borokhov** 1924 723 1050 27. Ramath Gan* 1924 973 2800 28. Bnei Brak* 1921 956 1500 29. Petah Tikwa* 1878 6729 30400 30. EinGanim 1908 335 2500 31. * 1926 142 490 32. Kefar Ganim 1926 307 3000 33. Mahane Yehuda** 1906 472 600 34. Nahalat Ganim 81 35. Ramathaim* 1927 180 400 ,36. Hadar 1928 71 4000 ־ Magdiel* 1925 732 4800 .37 38. Kefar Malal (Em Hai)** 1912 230 2600 39. Kefar Saba 1892 1395 7200 40. Gan Haim 1928 97 3500 41. Gan Hasharon 1928 17 1000 42. Raanana* 1923 615 9700 43. Ramath Hasharon 1924 312 2000 44. Herzlia* 1925 1209 14000 45. Kiriyath Shaul 1923 26 260 46. Kalmania 1927 25 1320 SAMARIA 47. Tel Mond 1929 183 13000 48.- Nathania 1928 253 11000 49 Wadi el Hawarith** 1931/32 30 33500 50" Gan Shemuel** 1913 63 900 Karkur(Ahusa) 1913 200 14900 ־51 (Kvuza and Moshaw)** 1921/25 82 3000 53" 1891 1906 50000

89 SAN REMO HOTEL

SEA SHORE TEL-AVIV

TELEPHONE 623

* lliiiilllliMiliiliiiillliiiiilllliiiilllliiiililliiiilllliiiililliiH

[PILAI^TATIOK SOCIETY ווו״וווווו״ווו

Undertakes planting, cultivation and management of orange groves. Submits budgets, plans and professional advice by experienced experts.

Central Office: Tel Aviv, P.0.8. 317, Telephone 558 Branches : Petah Tikwa, P.0.8. 25 Rishon Lezion, P.0.8. 5 Rehoboth, P.0.8. 33 54. Nahliel** 1912 230 100 55. Pardes Hanna 3 925 282 18000 56. Binyamina 1923 744 17900 57. Shefeiya 1891 168 2000 58. Bat Shelomo 1891 51 9000 59. Zichron Jacob 1882 1192 16000 60. Gibeat Ada 1902 153 11400 61. Atlith 1909 496 8100

EMEK JEZREEL 62. Kefar Hassidim** !925 420 9300 63. Kefar Atta** 29 64. Ramath Hazafon (Mejdel)** 60 4000 (Kvuza)** 112 3100 65. Yagur" 1924 66. (Nesher Factory). !924 756 3500 67. Kefar Yehoshua** !925 245 5100 68. Kefar Barukh** 1927 174 3500 69. Jeida* !925 67 3200 70. Beth Schearim** !go? 10 1100 71. (Sarona** !279 43 2200 __ ■■"■■"״ ׳ > * ״״ , Ramath TT 72.70 Davidsj Hasharon 1927 05 93nn6KA Gevath (Agr. Experiment .73י Station)** 1927 28 3700 74. (Kvuza)** !927 74 4100 75. Mishmar Haemek" !927 122 5300 790° 76. Nahalal** 1921 648 ° 77. Ir Jezreel (Afule)* 1925 786 1600° 78. Sheikh Abrek** !927 37 100 Merhabia (Moshav 79/80. ** 94 and Kvuza) 191/112 302 00 620° 81. Balfouria* 19!9 238 ° 82. Tel Adashim** !924 251 710° 83. Kefar Gidon** 1924 96 350 84. Misra■■■■" !92J 81 4100 4040 85. Sarid** 1924 65 ° 86. Jinijar (Ginegar)** !923 109 300 87. Kefar Hahoresh** !93! 15 88- 420° Kefar Yehezkel** !92! 431 890° ־89 E^THarod*^" ]921 478 9O" 570° Tel Yosef** 1921 261 91" 35°° BehAlfa** 2119 147

91 !E]E>]EW HOTE JERUS. AIEM :OHEBT-'SrJKM'UI*.^ STIR,a":EX ׳ ,jHorsrjE 28 !" 131 !י..o י.l

NRST C LASS MOTEL C ENTR ALLY LOCATED MODERN ARRANQEMENTS RUNNINQ NOT AND COLP WATER IN EACH ROOM ROO n5 w ITH P ATMS EXCELLEN T CUISINE PROMPT 5 E R \1 I C E MAXIMUM c on co rt i

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ZE^UBABELi BA|4 ;» CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY Ltd. CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF PALESTINE COOPERATIVES 2 JEHUDA HALEVY STR. TEL AVIV

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The aims of the society are tohelp in the progress of all sorts of co-operative institutions in Palestine. The ZERUBABEL BANK issues 50,000 debentures of £P. 5.- each, for the total sum of £P. 250.000,bearing 2% interest. 3% are distributed every month as loans to debenture holders, without any interest ; payment begins only after 36 years,the debenture being deposited as guarantee. Every year 328 loans of the amount of £P. 7,500. are distributed. These loans are made on the 15th of each month. The Debentures of the ZERUBABEL BANK can also be paid for by instalments. The debentures of the ZERUBABEL BANK constitute an important factor in the community's wealth. ** 92. Hefzibah () 1921 107 2100 93. Gm** 1921 ]08 2500 LOWER GALILEE AND JORDAN VALLEY 94. Kefar Tabor 1902 :!04 16000 95. Sejera 1899 162 12200 96. Mizpah * 1908 66 2500 97. Kefar _Hittin'B 1924 94 2300 98. MigcteT" 1910 263 6600 99. Kinnereth (Village)** 1908 256 2000 100. Kinnereth **(Kvuza) 1908 122 2500 101. Degania A 1909 138 2300 102. Degania B«* 1920 136 1800 103. Kefar Gun** 1926 59 1500 104. Gesher 1923 100 4100 105. Tel Or -Naharaim (Rutenberg works) 1926 214 6000 106. Menaamiya 1902 182 15300 107. Bethania 1913 35 900 108. Jabneel 1902 391 24400 ,109. Bet Gan 1904 134 9000 UPPER GALILEE 110. Rosh Pina 1882 472 14100 111. Ayelet Hashahar 1917 103 4400 112. Mishmar Hajarden 1890 65 9200 113. Yesod 1883 156 11400 Hamaala- 114/5. Tel Hai Kefar Giladi 1917 100 6100 116. Metula 1896 197 9600 117. Em Setim 1891 1 6000 118. Meron :11 2500

93 VISIT KALLIA SEASIDE AND HEALTH RESORT ON THE DEAD SEA JERUSALEM'S SEASIDE RESORT

Restaurant, Bathing Establishment, Boats,

_Travel by the luxurious liners of the < EXPORT STEAMSHIP CORPORATION Regular fortnightly service FOUR NEW LINERS BUILT IN 1931 s.s. EXCAMBION s.s. EXOCHORDA EXETER ״ EXCALIBUR ״ One class only. No overcrowding. More space per passenger than any steamer afloat. Menus k la carte

Steamers ply from Jaffa via Haifa and Beirout to Alexandria, Naples, Leghorn, Genoa, Marseilles, Palma, Gibraltar, New York. JAFFA AGENTS : M. DIZENGOFF & Co. P. O. Box 252, Jaffa. Also agents for Messrs. ARMEMENT DEPPE S/A Anvers. Messrs. G. & T. MABRO Alexandria. Messrs. J. LAURITZEN LINES Copenhagen. ,,,,!Illlliilllllliilllllliilllllliillllhiilllllliilllllliilllllliilllllliilllllliilllllliillllhiillllh BETH SEFER REALI IVRI, HAIFA )Hebrew *Secondary— (School( Principal Dr. Biram Founded in 1314. Comprises 4 preparatory and eight secondary school classes. THE BOARDING DEPARTMENT (Dormitory) School provides accommodation״ or the and tuition for pupils from abroad. ,Secretary״ For particulars apply to the P.0.8. 20, Hadar Hacarmel, Haifa, Palestine. Phone 164. ןןווווןןןןןן״וווןן״ןןןןןן״יווווו״״ווווי^ווו״

!3: H Visit Tiberias The most beautiful spot in Palestine Ideal winter climate Magnificent lake and mountain scenery.

Famous Hot Springs known in antiquity as the ,Imperial Roman Baths י

Infallible cure for Rheumatism, Nerve and Skin diseases, women's ailments, etc.

Prospectus and full information will be sent free of charge on application to the

AMEI TIBERIA Co H P.O.B. 61, Tel-Aviv, or P.O.B. 77, Tiberias.

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Arrange Your Financial Affairs in Palestine through The MIZRAHI-BANK Ltd

JERUSALEM TEL AVIV P.0.8. 685 ♥ P.0.8. 309 Which transacts all banking business on most moderate terms. a" L METROPOL HOTEL, tel aviv TEL. 803. 47/49 Hajarkon vStr. near Allenby cor. )formerly !he San-Remo Building( opp. the Casino near the sea baths. Furnished rooms for single persons and families on very convenient terms.— New improvements, running water in all rooms, modern furnishing, excellent service.— Small flats available by arrangement. Full board and single meals availablealso on easy terms and according to personal agreements.

ZINCOGRAPHY A. SOSKIN

24■ HERZL STR., TEL AVIV t P. O. B. 250 TEL. 347

CAREFUL and RESPONSIBLE EXECUTION OF ALL WORK

AGRICULTURAL AND BUILDING BANK FOR PALESTINE Ltd. Tel Aviv, Allenby Street 70 P.0.8. 761 Tel. 622

Plantation Land on Sale II B" HANOTAIAH NOW SELLING Specialists in ORANGE GROVES ORANGE GROVES 12 Rothschild Boulevard in units of ten dunams P.0.8. 18. Tel. 670 and 2'/2 dunams building TEL AVIV, Palestine. plots on a 5 year plan. Cable Address : "HANOTAIAH" Tel Aviv EASY PA YM FNTS

Hanotaiah Operations : ORANGE GROVE NATHANIAH IS A HANOTAIAH SUCCESS MANAGEMENT — . SAFRIA PLANTING and RISHON I'ZION MARKETING HERZLIA and other Colonies. SOLICITED. HANOTAIAH Estimates Gladly Given.

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S. KORNGOLD & Co. Iן BOOKSELLERS

Works on Palestine & the Near East ף|

Guide Books — Maps — Plans

Palestine Government Publications

KZ?=x=s& Jaffa Road (Hotel Fast building) Jerusalem HOTEL HERZ LI A JERUSALEM, BEN-JEHUDA ST. P.0.8. 708, TEL. 1240.

The up to date hotel, situated in the heart of the New City. Bedrooms all provided with hot and cold running water, private bathrooms, European kitchen. Moderate prices. Special prices for long stay and families.

Prop. LEVY & NAVON

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GUARDIAN EASTERN INSURANCE COMPANY LTD. LONDON All classes of Insurance Transacted

General Agents for Palestine PALESTINE & EGYPT LLOYD Ltd.

THE IMMIGRANTS BANK ״ PALESTINE-POLAND" Ltd. TEL AVIV, 3 HERZL STR. P.0.8. 425 TEL. 442

Accepts Savings and Depositson Current Accounts and Fixed Terms at Reasonable Conditions. Promissory Notes, Bills of Lading and other Documents collected Cheques of differentCurrencies bought and sold. Transfers money to and from all parts of the world and executes all kinds of Banking Actions. GOLDSMIT-HOUSE JERUSALEM First Class Pens/on, Most Beautifully Situated. All Rooms With Hot and Cold Running Water, Central Heating, Many Private Bath Rooms, Beautiful Garden, Tennis Court, Garage.

P. O.B. 269 Telephone" 533 Telegrams : "GOLDHOUSE

THE WORKER'S BANK Ltd. TEL-AVIV

Authorised Capital £ P. 100,000 Paid-up Capital & Reserves £P. 87,000

Transacts all kinds of Banking Business %1llllll11llllll11l!llll1illllll111lllll11llllll1Hlllll1ill₪ I PALESTINE I KUPAT AM BANK I CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY Ltd. Established 1918 CAPITAL £. P. 20,000. HEAD OFFICE E TEL-AVIV,13 Herzl Street, Tel. 456 P.0.8. 352 JERUSALEM BRANCH Birkat Mamilla Street, Tel. 316, P. O. B. 388

All Banking Business transacted on most favourable conditions Correspondents in Most Commercial Centres of the World

^ןןןןןןןווווןןןןןוווןןןןןוווןןןןווווןןןןןוווןןןןןוווןןןןווווןןןןווווןןןןןוווןןןןווווןןןןווווןןןןוווןןןןןןווןןןןןןוווןןןןןוווןש """""""""""" # a" ttimninminii.*"""""""""""" ן I HOTEL WARSHAWSKY First class family hotel Established 1905 Situated in the centre of Jerusalem. Large airy rooms with hot and cold running water. Excellent Cuisine.

100 Moderate charges. Special Rates for Families Proprieior: HERLING

Tel. 113 Jerusalem, P.0.8. 488 Teleg. Address: HERLINGHOT HAIFA MOUNT CARMEL

WOLLSTEIN HOUSE Tel. 478.

First Class Hotel & Pension

EXCELLENT CUISINE

JEWISH GUIDES LICENSED BY THE GOVERNMENT

Qualified, Reliable, Intelligent.

ARE AVAILABLE

■ ==■ g— 1 —^jb^S NEW CENTRAL HOTEL St. Julians Way, Jerusalem. P.0.8. 177, Tel. 53. Proprietor : J. Amdursky. Over Forty Years' Existence of this Hotel GuaranteesComfort andGoodService toall Guests. Reserve Your Rooms in Advance. Telegraphic address : Jamdursky, Jerusalem. :® 101 OTTOMAN DANK FOUNDED 1863

LONDONOFFICE : 26, Throgmorton Street, E. C. —Rue Meyerbeer ,7 נ PARIS OFFICE PALESTINE BRANCHES Jerusalem— Jaffa Haifa— Nablus Tel-Aviv. THE BANK HAS ITS OWN BRANCHES OR AGENTS IN EVERY IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL TOWN IN THE NEAR EAST.

STRENGTH SERVICE SECURITY THE PHOENIX LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY )incorporatedin Vienna 1882( Bound by preferential contract with the Jewish National Fund and invests its funds in the Upbuilding of the Land and the Redemption of the Soil. Results for 1931 New Sums Assuredsured £ 21,240,000 Premiums Received:eived £ 6,228,662 . Gross Income £ 7,042,657 Reserve Fundss £ 18,273,210 Total Assets £ 19,618,458 The amount of insurance policies in force as on 13-12-31 was Hundred and Ten Million Pounds Sterling The Insurance Department of the Jewish National Fund has effected insurance with the ״ PHOENIX" Life Insurance Company amounting to Twelve and A Half Million Pounds Sterling.

" ״ MOTEL eHMEL R. H. NUSSINSON, Prop Tel Aviv, 2 Hashahar Str. Tel. 128 FIRST CLASS HOTEL Excellent and Punctual Service Hot & Cold Running Water in Every Room. Reasonable Rates Strictiy Kosher THE ASHRAI BANK COOP. SOCIETY LTD. TEL AVIV.

־Accepts Deposits andSavings on Current Accounts and for Fixed Periods on Attractive Terms Under takes Transfers of Moneys, Collection of Bills and Other Documents. Purchase and Sale of Cheques and ForeignCurrency. SavingGroups for Mortgage Loans. Arranges ordinary Banking Transactions. Issue of a series of debentures bearing a yearly 5 per cent interest and secured by real estate mortgages. Mortgage Loans to debenture holders are distributed every two months. Address: BAN^A^Hl^^^E^^^V Box 11■(! Telephone 563 " . Cable address : "Ashraibank

UNION GENEVE Swiss Insurance Company Transacts the following kinds of insuiance LIFE, FIRE, FIDELITY, ACCIDENT, WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION, PLATE GLASS. — Saving Clock Insurance Payments of 50 Mils per THREE Days. Head Office: GENEVA, Switzerland Chief Office for the Orient CAIRO, EGYPT Chief Office for Palestine: TEL AVIV, Herzl Street, 4. ״אינעאמ*ולאה- BUY ־ר Grands Moulins Palestine Matzoth Finest Quality — Fresh - Strictly Kosher

Matzoth Factory of the Grands Moulins of Palestine, Haifa itT»10l*1ARK ׳* יו : Bank of tbe {Temple Society Ximitefc .)in 1924 imfcer Palestine law (#011ח&£ה פ י 6 The only German Bank in Palestine.

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Jaffa, P.0.8. 24 Tel. 789, 790 Haifa, P.0.8. 344 Tel. 382, 255 855 ,555 ־.Jerusalem, P.0.8. 328 Tel Careful Execution of all Banking Transactions.

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THE ENGLISH HOTEL, HAIFA Opposite the Military Camp. Two Minutes from Carmel Station. Personally Supervised English Management. English Cooking or Jewish Cooking. Telephone: 780 Telegra;ns : Nigebruc, Haifa Enquiries to : N. M. Bruce . P. O. B. 535, Haifa, Palestine. " PARDESS" Co-operative Society ofOrange GrowersLtd. ESTABLISHED 1900.

The Largest Exporters of Oranges, Grapefruit & Lemons in Palestine. Shipping Agents Agents of Socony-Vacuum Corp

TEE AVIV, P.O. Box 461 Cable Address : "PARDESS" Tel Aviv

WHEN IN HAIFA VISIT PENSION SALZMAN TELEPHONE 403

HIMELFARB HOUSE BEZALEL STREET, JERUSALEM TEL. 1075

Well furnished rooms for single persons and families at modest prices. Running water in all rooms, modern furniture, excellent service. Strictly Kosher. * « You travel comfortably and safely with NESHEK י )YERUSHALMI AND HERSHKOVITZ(

Best Chauffeurs. First Class Motor-Cars.

LOW PRICES FIRST CLASS SERVICE

Jerusalem, Jaffa Road. Telephone 3 30.

H. AZULAI, Director.

"

4 IF YOU'RE WISE—~ ADVERTISE!" ► 4 ► 4 BENJAMIN LEWENSOHN'S ► 4 ADVERTISING SERVICE OFFERS ► 4 FACILITIES AT MODERATE ► 4 TERMS FOR PRESS ► 4 PUBLICITY CAMPAIGNS ► * J Sole Contractor for "The Commercial Bulletin", Palestine Telephone Directories, Guide-Book,' and P i ך 4 Leading Contractor for Principal Newspapers and r 4 Publications in Palestine. — — — J Commercial Information Trade Tips f 4 Central Bldg., Jaffa Rd. T Telephone 972יP" O. Box 703 Jerusalem r 4

* ASSICURAZIONI GENERAL! THE GENERAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. OF TRIESTE AND VENICE Est. 1831

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Guarantee Fund : £ 20,000,000

> )Twenty Million Pounds Sterling(

Agents All Over The World

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Fire, Life, Marine, Accident ♥ 107

General Agents for Palestine

SILSERMAN, DISKIN & KAPLAN Jerusalem Jaffa Haifa ♥ ♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥V ♥ ♥ Take a Kodak with y" I ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ > ♥ > ♥ » ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥ ♥Do not risk spoiling the valuable ♥ photos of your trip. ״ See that they get expert treatment ♥ in ♥ the hands of ♥ ♥ ן Kodak ♥ ♥ ♥ )Egypt) S.A. 4 St. Julian's Way, Commercial Centre, Jerusalem. ♥ All photographic & cinematographic ♥ requirements attended to ♥ ♥Kodak Branches in the Near East

♥Cairo Alexandria Beirut Athens * ♥ Constantinople Bucarest ♥ ♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥ ♥♥♥♥♥♥♥ יי♥ 2S v ־M / r" 0״ a w t י־־ר ״ז "ע H ענ * bo l-c

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PRODUCERS OP FAMOUS WINES AND BRANDIES

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A STANDARD QUALITY THROUGHOUT THE WORLD

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WINEGROWERS ASSOCIATION RICHON-LE-ZION - PALESTINE

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THE LARGEST PROPRIETORS OF VINEYARDS IN PALESTINE

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" BRANCHES AND AGENCIES Aifc OVER THE WORLD ־ HAIFA Harkour in construction.