Improving Hydric Soil Identification in Areas Containing Problematic Red Parent Materials: a Nationwide Collaborative Mapping Approach
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Cyclicity, Dune Migration, and Wind Velocity in Lower Permian Eolian Strata, Manitou Springs, CO
Cyclicity, Dune Migration, and Wind Velocity in Lower Permian Eolian Strata, Manitou Springs, CO by James Daniel Pike, B.S. A Thesis In Geology Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCES Approved Dustin E. Sweet Chair of Committee Tom M. Lehman Jeffery A. Lee Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School August, 2017 Copyright 2017, James D. Pike Texas Tech University, James Daniel Pike, August 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to extend my greatest thanks to my advisor Dr. Dustin Sweet, who was an excellent advisor during this research. Dr. Sweet was vital throughout the whole process, be it answering questions, giving feedback on figures, and imparting his extensive knowledge of the ancestral Rocky Mountains on me; for this I am extremely grateful. Dr. Sweet allowed me to conduct my own research without looking over my shoulder, but was always available when needed. When I needed a push, Dr. Sweet provided it. I would like to thank my committee memebers, Dr. Lee and Dr. Lehman for providing feedback and for their unique perspectives. I would like to thank Jenna Hessert, Trent Jackson, and Khaled Chowdhury for acting as my field assistants. Their help in taking measurements, collecting samples, recording GPS coordinates, and providing unique perspectives was invaluable. Thank you to Melanie Barnes for allowing me to use her lab, and putting up with the mess I made. This research was made possible by a grant provided by the Colorado Scientific Society, and a scholarship provided by East Texas Geological Society. -
Paxton Soil Series Is Named for the Town of Paxton in Worcester County Massachusetts Where It Was First Described
Paxton Massachusetts State Soil Soil Science Society of America Introduction Many states have a designated state bird, flower, fish, tree, rock, etc. And, many states also have a state soil – one that has significance or is important to the state. The Paxton is the offi- cial state soil of Massachusetts. Let’s explore how the Paxton is important to Massachusetts. History The Paxton soil series is named for the town of Paxton in Worcester County Massachusetts where it was first described. The series was established in 1922, described in the Soil Survey of Worcester County in 1927, and then in 1991 it was designated as the official state soil of Massachusetts. Created by the movement of glaciers thousands of years ago, Paxton soils can be found throughout New England and are exemplified by scenic rolling hills dotted with dairy farms. It is considered one of the most productive soils for agricul- ture in New England. What is Paxton Soil? Paxton soil is made of well drained loamy soils formed on wind deposited material that sits on top of rock deposited by glaciers. Classified as a coarse-loamy soil, Paxton soils possess soil particles that are at the larger end of the textural spectrum. Being composed of material scraped from the surface of the landscape over which glaciers traveled, its mineral composi- tion is varied. The rocks contributing to Paxton soils include schist, gneiss, and granite. The clays in its composition have good cation-exchange ca- pacity, although the pH of these soils is low. A cation is a positively charged ion (such as an atom or molecule) which influences the soil’s ability to hold onto essential nutrients and provides a buf- fer against soil acidification. -
The Soil Survey
The Soil Survey The soil survey delineates the basal soil pattern of an area and characterises each kind of soil so that the response to changes can be assessed and used as a basis for prediction. Although in an economic climate it is necessarily made for some practical purpose, it is not subordinated to the parti cular need of the moment, but is conducted in a scientific way that provides basal information of general application and eliminates the necessity for a resurvey whenever a new problem arises. It supplies information that can be combined, analysed, or amplified for many practical purposes, but the purpose should not be allowed to modify the method of survey in any fundamental way. According to the degree of detail required, soil surveys in New Zealand are classed as general, . district, or detailed. General surveys produce sufficient detail for a final map on the scale of 4 miles to an inch (1 :253440); they show the main sets of soils and their general relation to land forms; they are an aid to investigations and planning on the regional or national scale. District surveys, for maps, on the scale of 2 miles to an inch (1: 126720), show soil types or, where the pattern is detailed, combinations of types; they are designed to show the soil pattern in sufficient detail to allow the study of local soil problems and to provide a basis for assembling and distributing information in many fields such as agriculture, forestry, and engineering. Detailed surveys, mostiy for maps on the scale of 40 chains to an inch (1 :31680), delineate soil types and land-use phases, and show the soil pattern in relation to farm boundaries and subdivisional fences. -
A Guide to Potential Soil Carbon Sequestration Land-Use Management for Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
A Guide to Potential Soil Carbon Sequestration Land-Use Management for Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions By H.W. Markewich and G.R. Buell Terrestrial carbon sequestration has a potential role in reducing the recent increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) that is, in part, contributing to global warming. Because the most stable long-term surface reservoir for carbon is the soil, changes in agriculture and forestry can potentially reduce atmospheric CO2 through increased soil-carbon storage. If local governments and regional planning agencies are to effect changes in land-use management that could mitigate the impacts of increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, it is essential to know how carbon is cycled and distributed on the landscape. Only then can a cost/benefit analysis be applied to carbon sequestration as a potential land-use management tool for mitigation of GHG emissions. For the past several years, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been researching the role of terrestrial carbon in the global carbon cycle. Data from these investigations now allow the USGS to begin to (1) “map” carbon at national, regional, and local scales; (2) calculate present carbon storage at land surface; and (3) identify those areas having the greatest potential to sequester carbon. Ongoing efforts of the USGS to achieve these objectives are: • compilation and synthesis of site-specific data needed to estimate carbon storage and inventory in soils, reservoir sediments, wetlands, and lakes of the conterminous United States; • characterization of present-day carbon storage by Black Mountain Range, western North Carolina—an area landscape feature and environment; and of high carbon soils—looking north from summit of Mount Mitchell, highest peak in eastern United States. -
The Moenave Formation: Sedimentologic and Stratigraphic Context of the Triassic–Jurassic Boundary in the Four Corners Area, Southwestern U.S.A
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 244 (2007) 111–125 www.elsevier.com/locate/palaeo The Moenave Formation: Sedimentologic and stratigraphic context of the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in the Four Corners area, southwestern U.S.A. ⁎ Lawrence H. Tanner a, , Spencer G. Lucas b a Department of Biology, Le Moyne College, 1419 Salt Springs Road, Syracuse, NY 13214, USA b New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Road, N.W., Albuquerque, NM 87104, USA Received 20 February 2005; accepted 20 June 2006 Abstract The Moenave Formation was deposited during latest Triassic to earliest Jurassic time in a mosaic of fluvial, lacustrine, and eolian subenvironments. Ephemeral streams that flowed north-northwest (relative to modern geographic position) deposited single- and multi-storeyed trough cross-bedded sands on an open floodplain. Sheet flow deposited mainly silt across broad interchannel flats. Perennial lakes, in which mud, silt and carbonate were deposited, formed on the terminal floodplain; these deposits experienced episodic desiccation. Winds that blew dominantly east to south-southeast formed migrating dunes and sand sheets that were covered by low-amplitude ripples. The facies distribution varies greatly across the outcrop belt. The lacustrine facies of the terminal floodplain are limited to the northern part of the study area. In a southward direction along the outcrop belt (along the Echo Cliffs and Ward Terrace in Arizona), dominantly fluvial–lacustrine and subordinate eolian facies grade mainly to eolian dune and interdune facies. This transition records the encroachment of the Wingate erg. Moenave outcrops expose a north–south lithofacies gradient from distal, (erg margin) to proximal (erg interior). The presence of ephemeral stream and lake deposits, abundant burrowing and vegetative activity, and the general lack of strongly developed aridisols or evaporites suggest a climate that was seasonally arid both before and during deposition of the Moenave and the laterally equivalent Wingate Sandstone. -
Perennial Lakes As an Environmental Control on Theropod Movement in the Jurassic of the Hartford Basin
geosciences Article Perennial Lakes as an Environmental Control on Theropod Movement in the Jurassic of the Hartford Basin Patrick R. Getty 1,*, Christopher Aucoin 2, Nathaniel Fox 3, Aaron Judge 4, Laurel Hardy 5 and Andrew M. Bush 1,6 1 Center for Integrative Geosciences, University of Connecticut, 354 Mansfield Road, U-1045, Storrs, CT 06269, USA 2 Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, 500 Geology Physics Building, P.O. Box 210013, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; [email protected] 3 Environmental Systems Graduate Group, University of California, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95340, USA; [email protected] 4 14 Carleton Street, South Hadley, MA 01075, USA; [email protected] 5 1476 Poquonock Avenue, Windsor, CT 06095, USA; [email protected] 6 Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 North Eagleville Road, U-3403, Storrs, CT 06269, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-413-348-6288 Academic Editors: Neil Donald Lewis Clark and Jesús Martínez Frías Received: 2 February 2017; Accepted: 14 March 2017; Published: 18 March 2017 Abstract: Eubrontes giganteus is a common ichnospecies of large dinosaur track in the Early Jurassic rocks of the Hartford and Deerfield basins in Connecticut and Massachusetts, USA. It has been proposed that the trackmaker was gregarious based on parallel trackways at a site in Massachusetts known as Dinosaur Footprint Reservation (DFR). The gregariousness hypothesis is not without its problems, however, since parallelism can be caused by barriers that direct animal travel. We tested the gregariousness hypothesis by examining the orientations of trackways at five sites representing permanent and ephemeral lacustrine environments. -
To Download Elementary School Geology Packet
Garden of the Gods Park Contact: Bowen Gillings City of Colorado Springs Parks, Recreation & Cultural Services Email: [email protected] P: (719) 219-0108 Program updates can be found at: https://gardenofgods.com/educational/edu- 1/school-field-trips Land Use Acknowledgement: We gratefully acknowledge the native peoples on whose ancestral homeland we gather, as well as the diverse and vibrant Native communities of Colorado today. Geology of the Park Program Welcome! We look forward to sharing the geological story of Garden of the Gods with your students. We align with current Colorado Academic Standards for K-5 Earth and Space Science. Goals: Students recognize the exceptional geological wonder of the Garden of the Gods. Students gain a broad understanding of the geological events that shaped the Pikes Peak region Students gain a broad understanding of and appreciation for the science of geology. Students identify the three rock types and the three geological processes. Students recognize the geological formations in the Park, their ages, and composition. 1 Teacher Reference Guide: Basic Geology of Garden of the Gods The Pike’s Peak region has been shaped by millions of years of mountain building and erosion. There have been three different mountain building events in the geological history of this area: 1. The Ancestral Rockies (320-310 million years ago). The erosion of these first Rocky Mountains formed the sedimentary Fountain Formation and the Lyons Sandstone layers. 2. The Laramide Orogeny (70-65 million years ago). This process uplifted the Front Range. The layers seen in the Garden were forced upright as the land broke along the Rampart Range Fault. -
Geology and Stratigraphy Column
Capitol Reef National Park National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Geology “Geology knows no such word as forever.” —Wallace Stegner Capitol Reef National Park’s geologic story reveals a nearly complete set of Mesozoic-era sedimentary layers. For 200 million years, rock layers formed at or near sea level. About 75-35 million years ago tectonic forces uplifted them, forming the Waterpocket Fold. Forces of erosion have been sculpting this spectacular landscape ever since. Deposition If you could travel in time and visit Capitol Visiting Capitol Reef 180 million years ago, Reef 245 million years ago, you would not when the Navajo Sandstone was deposited, recognize the landscape. Imagine a coastal you would have been surrounded by a giant park, with beaches and tidal flats; the water sand sea, the largest in Earth’s history. In this moves in and out gently, shaping ripple marks hot, dry climate, wind blew over sand dunes, in the wet sand. This is the environment creating large, sweeping crossbeds now in which the sediments of the Moenkopi preserved in the sandstone of Capitol Dome Formation were deposited. and Fern’s Nipple. Now jump ahead 20 million years, to 225 All the sedimentary rock layers were laid million years ago. The tidal flats are gone and down at or near sea level. Younger layers were the climate supports a tropical jungle, filled deposited on top of older layers. The Moenkopi with swamps, primitive trees, and giant ferns. is the oldest layer visible from the visitor center, The water is stagnant and a humid breeze with the younger Chinle Formation above it. -
LATE MIOCENE FISHES of the CACHE VALLEY MEMBER, SALT LAKE FORMATION, UTAH and IDAHO By
LATE MIOCENE FISHES OF THE CACHE VALLEY MEMBER, SALT LAKE FORMATION, UTAH AND IDAHO by PATRICK H. MCCLELLAN AND GERALD R. SMITH MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, 208 Ann Arbor, December 17, 2020 ISSN 0076-8405 P U B L I C A T I O N S O F T H E MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN NO. 208 GERALD SMITH, Editor The publications of the Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan, consist primarily of two series—the Miscellaneous Publications and the Occasional Papers. Both series were founded by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradshaw H. Swales, and Dr. W. W. Newcomb. Occasionally the Museum publishes contributions outside of these series. Beginning in 1990 these are titled Special Publications and Circulars and each is sequentially numbered. All submitted manuscripts to any of the Museum’s publications receive external peer review. The Occasional Papers, begun in 1913, serve as a medium for original studies based principally upon the collections in the Museum. They are issued separately. When a sufficient number of pages has been printed to make a volume, a title page, table of contents, and an index are supplied to libraries and individuals on the mailing list for the series. The Miscellaneous Publications, initiated in 1916, include monographic studies, papers on field and museum techniques, and other contributions not within the scope of the Occasional Papers, and are published separately. Each number has a title page and, when necessary, a table of contents. A complete list of publications on Mammals, Birds, Reptiles and Amphibians, Fishes, I nsects, Mollusks, and other topics is available. -
South-East Asia Second Edition CHARLES S
Geological Evolution of South-East Asia Second Edition CHARLES S. HUTCHISON Geological Society of Malaysia 2007 Geological Evolution of South-east Asia Second edition CHARLES S. HUTCHISON Professor emeritus, Department of geology University of Malaya Geological Society of Malaysia 2007 Geological Society of Malaysia Department of Geology University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Geological Society of Malaysia ©Charles S. Hutchison 1989 First published by Oxford University Press 1989 This edition published with the permission of Oxford University Press 1996 ISBN 978-983-99102-5-4 Printed in Malaysia by Art Printing Works Sdn. Bhd. This book is dedicated to the former professors at the University of Malaya. It is my privilege to have collabo rated with Professors C. S. Pichamuthu, T. H. F. Klompe, N. S. Haile, K. F. G. Hosking and P. H. Stauffer. Their teaching and publications laid the foundations for our present understanding of the geology of this complex region. I also salute D. ]. Gobbett for having the foresight to establish the Geological Society of Malaysia and Professor Robert Hall for his ongoing fascination with this region. Preface to this edition The original edition of this book was published by known throughout the region of South-east Asia. Oxford University Press in 1989 as number 13 of the Unfortunately the stock has become depleted in 2007. Oxford monographs on geology and geophysics. -
Permophiles Issue
Table of Contents Notes from the SPS Secretary 1 Lucia Angiolini Notes from the SPS Chair 2 Shuzhong Shen Officers and Voting Members since August, 2012 2 Report on the First International Congress on Continental Ichnology [ICCI-2015], El Jadida, Morocco, 21-25 April, 2015 4 Hafid Saber Report on the 7th International Brachiopod Congress, May 22-25, 2015 Nanjing, China 8 Lucia Angiolini Progress report on correlation of nonmarine and marine Lower Permian strata, New Mexico, USA 10 Spencer G. Lucas, Karl Krainer, Daniel Vachard, Sebastian Voigt, William A. DiMichele, David S. Berman, Amy C. Henrici, Joerg W. Schneider, James E. Barrick Range of morphology in monolete spores from the uppermost Permian Umm Irna Formation of Jordan 17 Michael H. Stephenson Palynostratigraphy of the Permian Faraghan Formation in the Zagros Basin, Southern Iran: preliminary studies 20 Amalia Spina, Mohammad R. Aria-Nasab , Simonetta Cirilli, Michael H. Stephenson Towards a redefinition of the lower boundary of the Protochirotherium biochron 22 Fabio Massimo Petti, Massimo Bernardi, Hendrik Klein Preliminary report of new conodont records from the Permian-Triassic boundary section at Guryul ravine, Kashmir, India 24 Michael E. Brookfield, Yadong Sun The paradox of the end Permian global oceanic anoxia 26 Claudio Garbelli, Lucia Angiolini, Uwe Brand, Shuzhong Shen, Flavio Jadoul, Karem Azmy, Renato Posenato, Changqun Cao Late Carboniferous-Permian-Early Triassic Nonmarine-Marine Correlation: Call for global cooperation 28 Joerg W. Schneider, Spencer G. Lucas Example for the description of basins in the CPT Nonmarine-Marine Correlation Chart Thuringian Forest Basin, East Germany 28 Joerg W. Schneider, Ralf Werneburg, Ronny Rößler, Sebastian Voigt, Frank Scholze ANNOUNCEMENTS 36 SUBMISSION GUIDELINES FOR ISSUE 62 39 Photo 1:The Changhsingian Gyaniyma Formation (Unit 8, bedded and Unit 9, massive, light) at the Gyaniyma section, SW Tibet. -
Oil and Gas Plays Ute Moutnain Ute Reservation, Colorado and New Mexico
Ute Mountain Ute Indian Reservation Cortez R18W Karle Key Xu R17W T General Setting Mine Xu Xcu 36 Can y on N Xcu McElmo WIND RIVER 32 INDIAN MABEL The Ute Mountain Ute Reservation is located in the northwest RESERVATION MOUNTAIN FT HALL IND RES Little Moude Mine Xcu T N ern portion of New Mexico and the southwestern corner of Colorado UTE PEAK 35 N R16W (Fig. UM-1). The reservation consists of 553,008 acres in Montezu BLACK 666 T W Y O M I N G MOUNTAIN 35 R20W SLEEPING UTE MOUNTAIN N ma and La Plata Counties, Colorado, and San Juan County, New R19W Coche T Mexico. All of these lands belong to the tribe but are held in trust by NORTHWESTERN 34 SHOSHONI HERMANO the U.S. Government. Individually owned lands, or allotments, are IND RES Desert Canyon PEAK N MESA VERDE R14W NATIONAL GREAT SALT LAKE W Marble SENTINEL located at Allen Canyon and White Mesa, San Juan County, Utah, Wash Towaoc PARK PEAK T and cover 8,499 acres. Tribal lands held in trust within this area cov Towaoc River M E S A 33 1/2 N er 3,597 acres. An additional forty acres are defined as U.S. Govern THE MOUND R15W SKULL VALLEY ment lands in San Juan County, Utah, and are utilized for school pur TEXAS PACIFIC 6-INCH OIL PIPELINE IND RES UNITAH AND OURAY INDIAN RESERVATION Navajo poses. W Ramona GOSHUTE 789 The Allen Canyon allotments are located twelve miles west of IND RES T UTAH 33 Blanding, Utah, and adjacent to the Manti-La Sal National Forest.