Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references]
Abaco Knoll, 359 116, 304, 310, 323 Bahama Platform, 11, 329, 331, 332, Abathomphalus mayaroensis, 101 Aquia Formation, 97, 98, 124 341, 358, 360 Abbott pluton, 220 aquifers, 463, 464, 466, 468, 471, Bahama volcanic crust, 356 Abenaki Formation, 72, 74, 257, 476, 584 Bahamas basin, 3, 5, 35, 37, 39, 40, 259, 261, 369, 372, 458 Aquitaine, France, 213, 374 50 ablation, 149 Arcadia Formation, 505 Bahamas Fracture Zone, 24, 39, 40, Abyssal Plain, 445 Archaean age, 57 50, 110, 202, 349, 358, 368 Adirondack Mountains, 568 Arctic-North Atlantic rift system, 49, Bahamas Slope, 12 Afar region, Djibouti, 220, 357 50 Bahamas-Cuban Fault system, 50 Africa, 146, 229, 269, 295, 299 Ardsley, New York, 568, 577 Baja California, Mexico, 146 African continental crust, 45, 331, Argana basin, Morocco, 206 Bajocian assemblages, 20, 32 347 Argo Fan, Scotian margin, 279 Balair fault zone, 560 African Craton, 368 Argo Salt Formation, 72, 197, 200, Baltimore Canyon trough, 3, 37, 38, African margin, 45, 374 278, 366, 369, 373 40, 50, 67, 72 , 81, 101, 102, African plate, 19, 39, 44, 49 arkoses, 3 138, 139, 222, 254, 269, 360, Afro-European plate, 197 artesian aquifers, 463 366, 369, 396, 419,437 Agamenticus pluton, 220 Ashley Formation, 126 basement rocks, 74 age, 19, 208, 223 Astrerosoma, 96 carbonate deposits, 79 Agulhas Bank, 146 Atkinson Formation, 116, 117 crustal structure, 4, 5, 46 Aiken Formation, 125 Atlantic basin, 6, 9, 264 faults in, 32 Aikin, South Carolina, 515 marine physiography, 9 geologic hazards, 529, 534 Alabama, 217, 476, 514 Atlantic City, New Jersey, 471, 472 hydrocarbon exploration, 445, 450 Albemarle Embayment, 99, 109, 111, Atlantic Coast fault province, 558, intrusive bodies in, 31 115 559, 560 LASE in, 387 Albemarle Valley, 490 Atlantic Coastal Plain, 100, 107, paleoshelf edge in, 44 Albion Member, Clinchfield 370, 517, 521 postrift sedimentary rocks, 74, 87 Formation, 125 See also Coastal Plain seismic experiments, 183, 188 Algeria, 213, 374 Atlantic Continental Shelf, 116, 382 shoals in, 95 Alisporites spp., 209 See also Continental Shelf stratigraphy, 74, 79 Alleghanian Orogeny, 49 Atlantic County, New Jersey, 438 synrift, 74, 203 Altamaha Anomaly, 24 Atlantic Margin Coring (AMCOR) Baltimore Canyon, 11, 12, 404 aluminosilicates, 514 Project, 1, 67, 74, 464, 470, Bamberg Formation, 125 Alvin Canyon, 12, 534, 537 477 Barnegat Light, New Jersey, 471 Alvin Complex, 15 Atlantic Seaboard, 565 Barnwell, South Carolina, 585 American Craton, 368 Atlantic Slope Project (ASP), 67, 74 Barnwell Group, 125 American Geophysical Union, 59 Atlantis, 59 barrier islands, 159, 551, 554, 555 Anchispirocyclina lusitanica. 111, Atlantis Canyon, 12 Basement Hinge Zone, 27 115 Atlantis Fracture Zone, 38 basement structure, Georges Bank Andros Island, 347 Atlantis rift basin, 38, 254 basin, 247 anhydrite, 205 Atopochara trivolvis, 116 Basin and Range Province, 19, 46 Anoplophora, 213 Attapulgus area, Georgia-Florida Bass River Formation, 101 Antarctic ice cap, 376 border, 516 Bath County, Virginia, 223 Antarctica, 132 Aurora Embayment, 139, 141, 143, Bathonian assemblages, 20 Antilles Current, 314, 356 144, 145 Bay of Biscay, 46, 199, 287 Apalachicola Embayment, 40 Aurora Phosphate District, North Bay of Fundy, 41, 49 Appalachia, 57, 61, 62 Carolina, 141, 143, 505, 507, Bear Seamount, 221, 253, 370 Appalachian belt, 220 511 Beaufort Formation, 122 Appalachian Front, 569, 580 Australia, 146 Beaverdam Formation, 99, 100 Appalachian Gravity High (AGH), Australian margin, 19 Belemnitella, 96 232 Avalon Terrace, 373 Belgrade Formation, 126 Appalachian Mountains, 3, 19, 22, Avon Park Formation, 476 Belknap complex, 225 89, 219, 223, 279, 369, 371, Azores hotspot, 234 Bermuda hotspot, 234 569 Bermuda igneous province, 223 dike swarms, 219, 226 Baccaro Member, Abenaki Formation, Bermuda rise, 223 earthquakes, 567 72, 74, 259, 261, 372 Big Cypress Group, 116 faulting, 557 backstripping, 399, 404, 407 bioclastic debris, Baltimore Canyon geothermal resources in, 521 Bahama Banks, 1, 12, 157, 163, trough, 75 gravity high, 202 311, 358, 513 biostratigraphy, North Carolina, 143 orogenic belt, 32, 107, 159, 233, Bahama Escarpment, 12, 330, 332, bioturbation, 121, 355 299, 567 335, 353, 360 Biscay margin, France, 19 relation to continental margin, 57 Bahama Fault Zone, 503 Biscayne aquifer, 464, 466, 468, apparent polar wander (APW), 224 Bahama Islands, 9, 26, 63, 75, 135, 471, 476 Aptian-Albian time, 77, 79, 91, 115, 329, 517 Black Creek Formation, 119, 121
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Black Mingo Group, 123, 124 Caicos basin, 329, 341, 359 geologic hazards, 529 Blake Escarpment, 12, 39, 63, 75, calcite, 143 seismic experiments, 183, 188 76, 78, 194, 291, 295, 296, California, 146 synrift, 203 304, 319, 323 , 348, 353, 371, Calvert Formation, 98, 99, 133, 139, Carson Subbasin, 374 539 507, 517 Carstens Valley, 15 Blake Outer Ridge, 543 calving, ice, 149 Carteret Canyon, 12, 14, 534 Blake Plateau, 10, 11, 12, 58, 63, Camerosporites secatus, 209 Castle Hayne Limestone Formation, 64, 77, 78, 157, 263, 291, 346, camptonite, 222, 226 125, 517 348, 358, 370, 513, 539, 543 Canadian Arctic Archipelago, 208 Cat Gap Formation, 262 clay deposits, 517 Canadian margin, 197, 255, 256, Cat Island, 330, 331 phosphate resources, 501, 510 276, 372 Catapsdrax dissimilis Zone, 101 Blake Plateau basin, 1, 3, 37, 39, 40, Cap Blanc, West Africa, 49 Cay Sal Bank, 344, 345 67, 75, 79, 81, 109, 139, 291, Cape Ann, Massachusetts, 486, 488, CDP, 387, 395 366, 460 573 Cedar Keys Limestone Formation, geologic hazards, 529, 530 earthquake (1755), 534 124, 476 gravity model, 194 Cape Canaveral, Florida, 160, 475, Cenozoic, 1, 3, 5, 6, 37, 39. 63, 69, Blake Ridge, 291, 319, 323, 371, 494, 495 76, 81, 87, 89, 107,131, 166, 539 Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 11, 41, 365 Blake Spur, 12, 14, 291, 293, 305, 149, 467, 488 Bahama Islands, 340, 344 319, 372 Cape Fear, North Carolina, 151, 494, Baltimore Canyon trough, 269, Blake Spur Fracture Zone, 22, 25, 38, 495, 496, 544 279, 280, 287 39, 40, 50, 298, 568 Cape Fear Arch, South Carolina, 77, Blake Ridge, 291 Blake Spur Magnetic Anomaly 109, 116, 119, 121, 124, 125, erosional processes, 314 (BSMA), 22, 24, 32, 39, 44, 45, 126, 139, 311 Georges Bank, 263, 264, 280, 365 111, 194, 233, 284, 298, 334, Cape Fear Formation, 117 magmatism, 217 348, 356 Cape Fear River, North Carolina, North Carolina, 145 Blake/Bahama Abyssal Plain, 539 121, 497 sediment patterns, 376 Blake-Bahama basin, 335, 348, 356, Cape Fear Terrace, 145 tectonism, 557 360 Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, 5, 9, central Atlantic rift system, 50 Blake-Bahama Escarpment, 371 12, 13, 14, 22, 63, 75, 109, central Atlantic, 25 Blake-Bahama Formation, 263 111, 151, 160, 163, 301, 306, Central Florida Phosphate District, Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge, 14, 64 315, 370, 455, 524, 545 511 Blake-Caicon ridges, 223 Cape Henlopen, 159 Central Florida Platform, 505 Block Canyon, 10, 12, 15 Cape Lookout, North Carolina, 11, Central High Atlas basin, Morocco, Block Island, 87, 488 12, 485, 488, 544 213 Block Island Fault, 32, 46 Cape Lookout High, 139, 141, 144, cerium, 513 Block Shelf Valley, 10 145, 505 Chandler Bridge Formation, 126 Blomiden Formation, 205 Cape May, New Jersey, 89 Charleston, South Carolina, 31, 40, Blue Ridge Mountains, 557 Cape May Formation, 100 123, 126, 217, 233, 299, 495, Blue Ridge province. 111, 568 Cape May Slope, 89 496, 539, 560, 562, 568 Bone Island Formation, 111, 115 Cape Romain, South Carolina, 160, earthquake (1886), 6, 356, 534, Bone Valley Member, Hawthorn 505, 543, 544 543, 565, 566, 571, 580 Formation, 139, 503, 505, 507 carbonate fluorapatite, 143 shoreline retreat, 551 Borelis sp., 124 carbonates Charleston block, 40 Boston, Massachusetts, 150, 159 bank sedimentation, 5, 10, 11, 28, Charleston Bump, 314, 319, 510 Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, 489 38, 44, 125, 163, 311, 345, Chatham Rise, 146 Boston-Ottawa Seismic Zone, 568 369, 387, 407, 458, 464 Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, 98, 100, Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR), deep-water, 166 158, 493, 517, 527 320 platforms, 12, 63, 260, 263, 280, Chesapeake Group, 98, 99, 507 Bouguer anomaly, 220, 223, 331, 307, 314, 322, 365, 369 Chesapeake Valley, 490 347 reefs, 10, 11, 64, 111, 163, 271, Chesapeake-Delaware basin, 89, 90, Boulder Zone, 476 306, 311, 455 91, 95. 97, 98, 99 Brandywine fault system, 90, 559 resources, 517 Chester shoal, 496 Brandywine Formation, 99 sediment, 3, 115, 121, 125, 135, Chickahominy Formation, 97, 98 Brevard—Blue Ridge anticlinorium, 141, 145, 155, 160, 163, 354, Chicora Member, Williamsburg 219 359, 374, 541 Formation, 123 Bridgeton Formation, 99, 100 Carboniferous, 49, 209 Chile, 146 Brightseat Formation, 97 Card Sound Dolomite, 119, 121 Choctawhatchee Formation, 139 Broadwater, Virginia, 549 Caribbean plate, 359 Choffatella decipiens, 111, 115, 116 Brooke fault zone, 561 Camian Sea, 213 Choptank Formation, 98, 99, 133, Browns Bank, 160, 245 Carolina basin, 50 139, 517 Brunswick, Georgia, 24 Carolina Fracture Zone, 22, 25 Choristothyris, 96 Brunswick Magnetic Anomaly (BMA), Carolina Phosphate Province, 505 Chowan Formation, 99 22, 40, 44, 45, 49 Carolina Platform, 31, 32, 37, 38, Clark Hill Reservoir, 574 Budgell Harbor stock, 222 40, 49, 73, 109, 138, 139, 152, clathrates, 542 Bull Shoal, 496 311 Clavator harrisi, 116 Bumpnose Limestone, 126 Carolina trough, 3, 5, 37, 38, 39, clay deposits, 204, 515 Burches Ferry, South Carolina, 121 75, 77, 139, 254, 276, 285, clay minerals, 143 Buzzards Bay lobe, 467 288, 291, 410, 423, 460 Clayton Formation, 124
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Clean Water Act, 529 344, 353, 358, 360 Dobbs Ferry fault zone, 578 Clifton Forge, Virginia, 559 Bahama Platform, 332 dolomite, 143 climate Baltimore Canyon trough, 271, Drake Passage, 132, 376 fluctuations, 5, 131, 132, 311, 279, 280, 306, 451 Dry Branch Formation, 125 355, 366, 378, 382 Blake Plateau, 541 Dufrenoyia sp., 116 relation to fluvial systems, 157 Blake Plateau basin, 303, 307, 460 Duplin Formation, 139, 144 Clinchfield Formation, 125 Carolina trough, 306, 314, 460 Durham basin, 202, 203, 206, 208 clinoplitolite, 143 continent flooding in, 90 Clinton-Newbury Fault System, 41 Georges Bank, 253, 259, 264, earthquakes, 6, 90, 331, 356, 531, coastal geologic hazards, 549 280, 376, 453 534 Coastal New England (CNE) province, Gulf of Maine, 243 hazard, 565 220, 225 Massachusetts, 468 East African Rift, 374 Coastal Plain, 1, 22, 27, 40, 49, New England continental shelf, 222 East Coast Boundary Fault (ECBF), 109, 115, 271, 311 New England igneous provinces, 32, 43, 44 faults, 557 220 East Coast Gravity Anomaly, 206 waste disposal, 584 New England seamount chain, 221 East Coast Magnetic Anomaly See also Atlantic Coastal Plain New England, 225, 234 (ECMA), 3, 5, 21, 22, 26, 30, coastal zone management, 549, 584 Providence Channels, 334 32, 38, 43, 44, 63, 68, 73, 111, Coastal Zone Management Act Southeast Georgia Embayment, 448 185, 202, 222, 233, 252, 269, (1972), 584 Straits of Florida, 334 272, 286, 287, 356, 387, 404 cobalt, 513 tectonism, 557 East Coast Onshore Offshore Cobequid-Chedabucto Fault Zone, 49 Crisfield, Maryland, 526 Experiment (ECOOE), 183 Cobequid-Chedabucto transform, 368, Cross Formation, 125 East Greenland, 374 373 crustaceans, 11 Eastern Piedmont fault system, 203 Cohansey Sand, 99, 100 crustal faults, 32 Eastover Formation, 99, 139 Columbia Formation, 99, 100 crustal fracturing, 19 echo sounding, 9 Columbus basin, 329, 330, 341, 356 crustal structures, 19, 41 Edingsville Beach, South Carolina, Complexiopollis exigua-Santalacites Cuba, 3, 146, 329, 343, 344, 348, 549 minor Zone, 119 359 Eleuthera Island, 330 Complexiopollis-Atlantopollis Zone, Cuban Fracture Zone, 49 Elizabeth Islands, 467 117 Cuffytown Creek Granite, 523 Englishtown Formation, 95 Comprehensive Environmental, Culpeper basin, 203, 205, 208, 217, environmental processes, 13 Response, Compensation and 223, 369, 373 Environmental Protection Agency Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), (EPA), 584, 585, 590 584 Dan River basin, North Carolina, Eocene, 14, 63, 72, 77, 97, 101, Congo River, 368 202, 208, 366, 517 102, 103, 124, 132, 407, 438 Connecticut, 149, 203, 486 Darwinula, 208 Bahama Islands, 345 Continental Offshore Stratigraphic dating techniques, 148 Bermuda igneous province, 223 Test (COST), 1, 67, 245, 256, Dawson Canyon Formation, 72 erosional shaping, 314 272, 291, 404, 417, 529 Daytona Beach, Florida, 475 Georges Bank, 260 Continental Rise, 14, 27, 163, 258, Dead Sea, 368 Ocala Limestone, 473, 477, 503, 262, 263, 264, 387, 445 Dead Sea Rift, 206 517 Continental Shelf, 5, 9, 27, 67, 115, debris flow deposits, 11, 15, 356 Shenandoah igneous province, 223 135, 145, 245, 481, 486, 490, Deep River basin, 202, 206 equilibrium profiles, 155 514 Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), 1, erosion hydrocarbon exploration, 445 67, 74, 248, 262, 272, 280, 291 oceanic, 5, 314 sediment movement, 533, 535 Deerfield basin, 205, 208, 209, 220 shoreline, 549, 550, 551, 552 Continental Slope, 5, 11, 27, 67, deglaciation, 131, 132, 146, 149 slope, 12, 13, 14 163, 263, 387, 445 Delaware, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 135, submarine, 145 Carolinas, 145 139, 151, 152, 477 estuarine systems, 157 sediment movement, 533, 536 geothermal gradients, 526 Eurydice Formation, 70, 74, 278, continuous seismic reflection Delaware Bay, 100, 158, 526 366, 373 profiling (CSRP), 481 Delaware Bay Fracture Zone, 38 Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), Cooper Group, 126 Delaware River, 12, 97 U.S., 484, 501, 513 Cooper River Delta, Alaska, 531 Delaware River estuary, 472 Exogyra sp., 95, 96 Coosawhatchie Formation, 139 Delaware River paleochannel, 152 Expanding Spread Profile (ESP), 287, copper, 513 Delaware Shelf Valley, 10 387, 389 coral mounds, 12 Delaware Valley, 490 exploration wells, oil and gas, 1, 3, Comer seamount, 221 Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia, 99, 6, 445, 590 Comwall-Kelvin fault, 89 100, 149, 159, 514 Exuma Sound, 11, 12, 329, 331, 340, Corollina Zones, 209 demagnetization, 224 341, 347, 353, 354, 359 Corsair Canyon, 12, 260 densification, 403 Coskinolinoides texanus, 116 denudation, 157 Fairhaven Diatomaceous Earth Cow Creek Limestone, 116 Devonian, 41, 77 Member, Calvert Formation, Crescent Beach, Florica, 475 Diamond City, North Carolina, 549 517 Cretaceous, 3, 5, 6, 28, 32, 37, 39, Diatomites, 517 Fall Line, 75, 76, 107, 110, 117, 40, 64, 67, 87, 91,115, 138, diffusion, zone of, 466 125, 311, 557, 559 370, 404, 408 dike swarms, 206, 219, 226, 369 faults, 6, 38, 40, 49, 50, 89, 110, Bahama Islands, 337, 341, 342, Discocyclina blanpiedi, 124 197, 217, 233, 258, 303, 331,
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337, 345, 359, 369, 373, 531, 243, 366, 373 gold, 514 536, 543, 557 Fundy Rift, 50 Golden Lane trend, Gulf of Mexico, See also specific faults Fundy-Cobequid fracture system, 360, 458 Fernandina Beach, Florida, 474, 477 222 Gondwana, 49 ferromanganese crust metals, 513 Grand Banks, 26, 49, 209, 283, 374 Fire Island Inlet, 159 Galveston, Texas, 551 earthquake (1929), 59, 62, 356, fish fossils, 96 Gardi, Georgia, 526 534, 565 Fishing Creek placer gold deposits. Gardiner's Clay, Long Island, 149 synrift, 198, 199 North Carolina, 514 gas hydrates, 320, 542 Grand Banks-Iberia platform, 51 flocculation, 158 Gaspe synclinorium, 219 granitic felsites, 222 Florida, 10, 11, 12, 63, 77, 107, geologic hazards, 529,549 gravel resources, 481 146, 217, 315, 358, 471, 476, geology, northern Atlantic coastal gravity measurements, 57, 67, 186, 493, 514 plain, 87 197, 243, 253, 269, 272, 331, carbonates, 517 geomagnetic studies, 67 419 faults, 559 Georges Bank basin, 3, 5, 19, 20, anomalies, 21, 37, 61, 220, 222, phosphate deposits, 501 32, 37, 38, 39, 46, 50, 67, 74, 340, 346, 527 Florida Bay, 165 79, 81, 138, 243, 276, 288, highs, 40, 202, 232 Florida Continental Shelf, 503 369, 374, 475, 503 lows, 40 Florida Current, 10, 334, 356, 359 basement rocks, 68 Great Abaco Canyon, 12, 330, 337, Florida Escarpment, 320 geologic hazards, 529, 532 346, 348 Florida igneous province, 219 hydrocarbon exploration, 445, 453 Great Abaco Fracture Zone, 335, 337, Florida Keys, 110, 151, 165, 463, postrift sedimentary rocks, 72 347, 348 477, 485 seismic data, 188 Great Bahama Bank, 10, 12, 166, Florida Panhandle, 40 synrift, 70, 203 299, 329, 344, 347, 354 Florida Peninsular arch, 109 Georges Bank, 9, 10, 11, 13, 31, 67, Great Bahama Canyon, 12, 330 Florida Phosphate Province, 503, 507 149, 160, 243, 366, 374, 455, Great Egg Valley, 10, 490 Florida Platform, 40, 77, 138, 358 485, 486 Great Meteor hotspot, 234 Florida Straits. See Straits of Florida. gravels, 157 Great South Channel, 9, 533 Florida-Hatteras Shelf, 295, 305, paleontology, 209 Great Stone Dome, 5, 31, 32, 73, 311, 315, 323 stratigraphy, 68 222, 280, 287, 370, 455 Florida-Hatteras Slope, 11, 12, 78, synrift, 199 Greater Antilles, 344 162, 371, 494, 513 Georges Canyon, 12 greenhouse effect, 551 Floridan Aquifer System, 463, 466, Georges Shoal, 9, 488, 490 Greenland, 214, 222 471, 473, 475, All Georgia, 12, 22, 40, 77, 107, 152, Griffins Landing Sand Member, Dry Floridan Plateau, 475 157, 159, 217, 222, 463, 476, Branch Formation, 125 fluvial systems, 157 477, 503, 514, 515 ground water, fresh, 463, 471, 477 Fogo seamount chain, 222 clay production in, 517 Gulf Coast, 117 foraminifera, 20, 77, 78, 87, 95, 96, faults, 559 Gulf Coast province, 558 99, 10, 111, 116, 119, 123, saismicity, 575 Gulf Coastal Plain, 107, 109 124, 513 Georgia Bight, 160 Gulf of Adan, 406 North Carolina, 143 Georgia Coastal Plain, 117, 121, 125 Gulf of Biscay, 203 Fort Monroe High, 89 geothermal gradients, 526 Gulf of Elat, 111 Fort Pierce, Florida, 493, 496 geothermal resource potential, Gulf of Maine, 9, 10, 32, 38, 61, Fort Pierce Formation, 111, 116 Atlantic Coastal Plain, 521 149, 151, 159, 243, 279, 370, forward modeling, 408, 417, 418 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 206 486, 488, 533 fossils, 77, 78, 87, 96, 99, 100, Gettysburg basin, 202, 204, 207, basins, 206, 207 115, 116, 117, 124, 126, 135, 208, 217, 222, 369 gravels, 157 208 Gettysburg Formation, 205 seismic data, 188 Aurora, North Carolina, 144 Ghyben-Herzberg Relation, 466, 468 synrift, 199 Fossocytheridea lenoirensis, 116 Gibraltar Fracture Zone, 213, 374 volcanics, 206 fracture zones, 26, 31 glacial deposition, 9 Gulf of Maine Embayment, 37, 38, See also specific fracture zones glacial isostasy, 134 40, 41 Franklin Batholith, 41 Glacial Lake Passaic, 149 Gulf of Maine Fault Zone, 41 Franklin rift basin, 21, 38, 41, 50, glacial moraine deposits, 9 Gulf of Maine Platform, 67, 243, 250, 279, 486 glacial retreat, 9 249, 250 Franklin shoreline, 488 glacial scouring, 9 Gulf of Mexico, 3, 26, 38, 39, 49, Fredericksburg, Virginia, 99 glaciation, 131, 132, 134, 146, 149, 50, 311, 315, 323, 356 Freetown, Africa, 234 467, 486 Gulf of Mexico basin, 111 fresh ground water, 463, 471, 477 glacio-tectonic influence, 10 Gulf of Mexico rift system, 50 freshwater, 6, 466, 468, 542 Glades Group, 116 Gulf of Mexico Shelf, 503 Frying Pan area, Onslow Bay, North glauberite, 205 Gulf of Suez, 403, 404, 410 Carolina, 144 glauconite, 143 Gulf Rim Fault Zone, 40, 49 Frying Pan Phosphate District, 505, Globigerina sp., 101 Gulf Stream, 10, 12, 58, 60, 64, 78, 509 Globigerinatella insueta, 101 131, 141, 145, 157, 162, 291, fuller's earth, 516 Globoconusa daubiergensis, 124 311, 314, 315, 319, 323, 359, Fundian Fault System, 41 Globorotalia sp., 99, 101 370, 380, 443, 513, 539 Fundían Moraine system, 149 Globotruncana sp., 95, 101, 102, Gulf Stream Outer Ridge, 14 Fundy rift basin, 41, 50, 202, 203, 121 Gulf Trough, 315, 323, 503, 516 205, 207, 208, 217, 220, 223, GLORIA surveys, 11, 12, 13 gypsum, 204
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halite, 205 Iceland, 357 Kent Island Formation, 100 Hammer Creek Formation, 203 Iceland-Faeroe Ridge, 357 Key Largo, Florida, 334 Harborn Hill Moraine, Long Island, igneous bodies, 31 Key Largo Limestone, 152 149 Indonesia, 146 Key West, Florida, 463 Harleyville Formation, 126 Interior province, 558, 559 kimberlite belt, 220 Hartford basin, 202, 205, 207, 209, International Phase of Ocean Drilling kimberlites, 220, 222, 234 217, 220, 223, 276, 369, 373 (IPOD), 1, 188 Kirkwood Formation, 99, 471 Hartford-Deerfield basin, 50 Intertropical Convergence Zone, 368 Hatteras Abyssal Plain, 14, 15 Irish margin, 27 Labrador, 222, 529 Hatteras Embayment, 109, 152 Ironshire Formation, 100 earthquake (1934), 565 See also Albemarle Embayments Iroquois Fan, Scotian margin, 279 Labrador Current, 57 Hatteras Formation, 72, 263 Iroquois Formation, 20, 35, 72, 74, Labrador Sea, 222, 234 Hatteras Outer Ridge, 14, 15 259, 369 lacustrine deposits, 3 Hawaii, aquifer, 466 Irwinton Sand Member, Dry Branch Lafayette, South Carolina, 549 Hawthorn Formation, 139, 382, 476, Formation, 125 LaHave Platform, 38, 39, 67, 248, 503, 505, 507, 516 Isaacs Harbour, Nova Scotia, 514 252, 260, 372 hazards, geologic, 529,549 Island Beach, New Jersey, 75, 89 Lake City Limestone, 125, 476 heat flow, Atlantic Coastal Plain, 521 Isle of Wight, 525 Lake Lockatong, 204, 374 Heezen Canyon, 259, 260, 261, 372 Lake Magadi, 368 Helena Banks Fault, South Carolina, Jackson Bluff Formation, 139 Lake Okeechobee, Rorida, 549 40, 138, 543 Jacksonville, Florida, 10, 337, 477, Lake Rudolph, East Africa, 374 Helicostegina gyralis zone, 125 540 Lake Tanganyika, 368 Hibernia Field, 458, 529 Jacksonville basin, 503, 505, 507 Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, 568, High Atlas basin, Morocco, 213, 368 Jacksonville Fracture Zone, 25, 39, 575 Hillsboro Beach, Florida, 495 50, 337, 347 Lang Syne Member, Rhems Hillville Fault, 90 Jacksonwald Syncline, 203 Formation, 123 hinge zone, 39, 40, 45, 49, 89, 256, James River, Virginia, 97, 98 Laramide Orogeny, 346, 353 264, 269, 272, 275, 404, 412, Jeffreys Ledge, 486 Large Aperture Seismic Experiment 430 Jericho Run Member, Beaufort (LÄSE), 64, 183, 269, 287, 387 Hispaniola, 343, 345 Formation, 122 Laurasia, 49 historical studies, Atlantic margin, 57 Jocassee Reservoir, 574 Laurentide Ice Sheet, 149 Holocene, 10, 13, 14, 100, 102, Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Lawson Limestone, 121 152, 407, 495 Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES), Ledyard Moraine, Connecticut, 149 Bahama Islands, 354 1, 67, 293, 463, 473, 477 Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina, 141, earthquakes, 565 Jurassic, 3, 5, 20, 26, 35, 38, 44, 143, 144 Gulf of Maine, 243 64, 72, 74 , 75, 77, 79, 90, Lehigh Acres Formation, 116 New England, 150 111, 374, 404, 410, 445 Lepreau Harbor, 203 North Carolina, 146 Appalachian Mountains, 223 Ligurian Tethys Margin, 19, 28 sedimentation, 160, 162, 163, 167 Bahama Platform, 332 Ligurian Tethys rift system, 50 Hornerstown Formation, 96, 97 Bahama Islands, 341, 343, 353, Lincolnshire coast, Great Britain, 549 hot springs, 521 356, 360 Lindenkohl Canyon, 14, 538 hotspot activity, 197, 234, 253, 562 Baltimore Canyon trough, 271, Lisbon Formation, 125 Huber Formation, 123, 124, 125 272, 274, 278, 285, 301, 387, Litchfield pluton, 220 Hudson Canyon, 10, 11, 12, 59, 152, 407, 419, 451, 460 lithostratigraphy, 5, 141, 399 284, 490 Blake Plateau basin, 301, 322, 460 Little Bahama Bank, 10, 12, 166, Hudson Fan, 14 Carolina trough, 301, 460 301, 329, 337, 340, 346, 348, Hudson Ridge, 31, 284 dike swarms, 219 354 Hudson River, 12, 152, 490 Florida igneous province, 219 Little Egg Inlet, New Jersey, 490 Hudson River drainage system, 14 Georges Bank, 199 Lituola subgoodlandensis, 116 Hudson Shelf Valley, 10, 14, 490, Georges Bank basin, 248, 256, Lloyd San Member, Raritan 587 258, 260, 301, 421, 453, 460 Formation, 468 Hudson Submarine Canyon, 11 Gulf of Maine, 243 Lockatong Formation, 373 Hudson Valley, 14 New England seamount chain, 221 Logan Canyon Formation, 72 Hull, Massachusetts, 486 Newark rifts, 217, 228 London Dumping Convention (LDC), human impact on geologic processes, Newark Supergroup, 208 583, 590 167, 549, 552, 554, 583 paleogeography, 369 Long Bay, North Carolina, 141 Hurricane Agnes, 157, 550 postrift sediments, 50 Long Island, New York, 149, 151, Hurricane David, 550 Providence Channels, 334, 340 463, 468, 477 hurricanes, 157, 549, 550 Scotian Shelf, 197, 212 coast, 60, 94, 135, 271 Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, 488 sedimentary rocks, 68, 87 Long Island basin, 276 hydrocarbons, 445 South Florida, 333 Long Island Fracture Zone, 24, 38 maturity, 419, 420, 422, 423, 426 synrift basins, 197 Long Island Platform, 32, 37, 38, 39, hydrogeology, 463 tectonism, 561, 563 40, 41, 49, 50, 67, 73, 138, Hydrographer Canyon, 12 White Mountain magma series, 225 248, 260, 274, 276 Long Island shelf, 490 Iberian Meseta, 213, 374 kaolins, 515, 516 Long Island Sound, 485, 486, 489 ice Kelvin Fracture Zone, 206, 213 Louann Salt, 111 calving, 149 Kelvin Seamounts, 206 Lower Continental Rise Hills, 14, 15 rafting, 59, 488 Kennebec River, 150 Lumberton, North Carolina, 525
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Lunenberg Bay, Nova Scotia, 514 Mexico, 146, 458 Monteregian Hills, 220, 221, 224, Lusitania basin, 213, 374 Miami, Florida, 466, 468 225, 234 Lydonia Canyon, 11, 12 Miami Limestone, 152 Monticello Reservoir, 574 Lynn, Massachusetts, 59 Miami Terrace, 329, 331, 334, 503, Moodus, Connecticut, 571 505 moraines, 149, 467 Machias River, 150 Mic Mac Formation, 72, 74, 259, Moroccan Meseta, 366, 374 McBean Formations, 125 261, 262, 376 Morocco, 5, 206, 213, 228, 247, McKenzie Delta, 542 microfauna, 147 257, 373, 374 Macon, Georgia, 515 microfossil assemblages, 72, 75, 77, Morozovella sp., 101, 124 magmatism, 5, 19, 217 79, 96, 100, 147 Mount Laurel Sand, 96 magnesite, 143 microtopographic features, U.S. Mountain Run fault zone, 561 magnetic data, 63, 185, 197, 243, Atlantic basin, 11 mudline, 163 272 Micula muris, 101, 121 Mulinia, 100 anomalies, 22, 26, 37, 44, 49, 68, Mid-Carolina Platform, 139, 143, multichannel seismic (MCS) 185, 220, 221, 222, 250, 272, 146, 378 reflection profiles, 197, 399 280, 340, 348, 419 See also Cape Fear arch See also seismic reflection profiles See also East Coast Magnetic Mid-Carolina Platform High, 378, Anomaly 505 Nanjemoy Formation, 97, 98 highs, 40, 70 Middle Atlantic Bight, 160, 162, 534 nannofossils, 99, 100, 101, 117, lows, 40, 220 Middle Atlantic Province, 485, 490, 119, 121 Magothy Formation, 91, 94, 102, 495 Nantucket Fracture Zone, 38 468 Middle High Atlas basin, Morocco, Nantucket Island, Massachusetts, 72, Maine, 149, 220, 486 213 87, 149, 245, 260, 464, 466, beach preservation, 554 Midway Group, 123 All Maine basin, Georges Bank, 199 Milankovitch theory, 132, 133, 368, Nantucket Moraine, 149 Manasquan Formation, 97 373 Nantucket rift basin, 50, 222, 250, manganese, 513, 545 Minas Geofracture, 49 254 Manhattan Prong, 578 mineral resources, 501 Nantucket Shoals, 9, 10, 160, 488, Manokin aquifer, 100 Miocene, 14, 15, 79, 98, 99, 101, 490 Marginotruncana sp., 101, 102 132, 139, 141, 145, 146, 221, Nantucket Sound, 468 marine physiography, U.S. Atlantic 315, 319, 371, 378, 382, 407, Naples Bay Group, 116 basin, 9 439 Narragansett basin, 49 Marks Head Formation, 139 Carolina Phosphate Province, 505 National Academy of Sciences Marlboro Clay, 97, 98 clay deposits, 516 Committee on Oceanography Marquesas Supergroup, 116 Florida Phosphate Province, 503, (NASCO), 59 Marshalltown Formation, 95 505 National Environmental Policy Act Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, Hawthorn Formation, 503, 516 (NEPA), 529 10, 72, 87, 149, 464, 466 Kirkwood Formation, 471 Navesink Formation, 96 Maryland shelf, 491 miogeosynclines, 62 Neeses Formation, 125 Maryland, 87, 89, 90, 91, 94, 96, Misaine Member, Abenaki Formation, Neogene, 5, 12, 72, 75, 97, 98, 101, 97, 99, 133, 139, 151, 463, 477 259 115, 132, 138, 371, 376, 382, faults, 557, 559 Missisauga Formation, 72, 75, 376 437, 568 geothermal gradients, 526 Mississippi River delta, 163 Baltimore Canyon trough, 443 mass wasting processes, 14 models, Blake Escarpment, 319 Massachusetts, 10, 72, 87, 149, 203, continental margin evolution, 1 Blake Plateau, 315 220, 421, 486 forward, 408, 417, 418 Florida Phosphate Province, 503 Massachusetts Bay, 484, 486 Neogene sedimentation, 382 North Carolina, 140, 143, 145 Matawan Group, 94, 96 radiogenic, 521 Neogloboquadrina acostaensis Zone, Mauritanide orogen, 213, 299 rift, 403, 406, 429 101 Meers fault, Oklahoma, 573 sea-level changes, 471 neotectonics, 565 Meguma Terrane, 39, 49, 50, 373 sedimentary, 372 Nephrolithus frequens, 101 Meiga area, Georgia-Florida border, subsidence, 399,429 New Bern Formation, 125 516 synrift, 373 New Egypt Formation, 96 Merchantville Formation, 94, 102 thermal subsidence, 253, 410, 418, New England. See individual states Merrimack River, 150 430 New England igneous provinces, 220 Mesozoic, 1, 5, 9, 19, 40, 41, 49, Mohawk Formation, 72, 74, 259, New England Offshore Mining 63, 67, 89, 107, 135, 365, 376 261, 262, 376 Environmental Study (NOMES), Bahamas, 344, 349 Mohican Fan, Scotian margin, 279 489 Baltimore Canyon trough, 269, Mohican Formation, 20, 72, 74, 209, New England Seamount Chain, 19, 287 262, 366, 369, 373 31, 32, 37, 220, 221, 222, 223, Georges Bank, 248 Moho structures, 21, 31, 37, 40, 43, 253, 370, 568 Newark basin, 560 181, 183, 186, 395 New England-Quebec (NEQ) igneous magmatism, 217 mollusks, 95, 96, 117, 119, 121, province, 220, 221, 222, 225, rift basins, 203 126, 147, 513 233, 234 rifting, 32, 37, 39, 40, 43, 560, See also fossils New Hampshire, 149, 220 568 molybdenum, 513 New Jersey, 96, 97, 99, 149, 151, sedimentation, 162 Monmouth Beach, New Jersey, 553 152, 279, 438, 463, 477, 490 metal oxides, 513 Monmouth Group, 96 coast, 11, 12, 60, 73, 89, 91, 135, metallic deposits, 513 Monomoy Point, Massachusetts, 488 269, 271, 471
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coastal plain, 75, 90, 96 North Florida Platform, 503 Oriente, Cuba, 329 continental rise, 75 North Sea, 19 Orpheus basin, 222 continental shelf, 1, 6, 280, 491, Northeast Channel, 11, 12, 38, 39, Orpheus igneous province, 222 437 41, 252, 533 Osceola basin, 503, 507 geothermal gradients, 526 Northeast Onslow Bay Phosphate Osprey Formation, 198, 200, 369, seismicity, 568 District, 505, 509 374 shoreline, 553 Northeast Providence Channel, 329, ostracodes, 20, 115, 117, 119, 121, New Madrid, Missouri, earthquakes 331, 334, 340, 341, 353 124, 126, 147, 208 (1811-1812), 565, 566 Northwest African margin, 365 Ostrea sp., 96, 117 New Madrid rift zone (Missouri), 233 Northwest Providence Channel, 166, Ottawa-Bonnechere graben, 206 New Shoreham Fault, 32 329, 334, 340, 341, 348 Outer Carbonate Bank area, 389 New York Bight. 370, 484, 490, Norwegian margin, 31, 38, 44, 276 Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), 501, 515, 534 Notre Dame Bay, Newfoundland, 222 535, 590 New York Bight basin, 276 Notre Dame Bay igneous province, Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act New York, 149, 463, 477, 485 220, 222, 233, 234 (OCSLA), 529 seismicity, 568 Nova Scotia, 22, 39, 41, 149, 160, Ovalipollis pseudoalatus, 209 shoreline, 553 228, 257, 260, 283, 455, 486, oxygen isotope (lsO) data, 133, 136 New York City Seismic Zone, 575 514 Newark basin, 40, 89, 202, 203, Nova Scotia-Georges Bank Pacific continental margin, 146 204, 207, 208, 213, 222, 223, Continental Rice, 264 paleoceanographic conditions, 131, 276, 369, 373, 560, 568, 570, Nummoloculina heimi, 116 138 578, 580 Paleocene, 14, 75, 77, 89, 97, 101, Newark rift system, 217 Oak Hill, Virginia, 527 102, 121, 438 Newark Supergroup, 111, 203, 208 Ocala Limestone Group, 125, 464, Baltimore Canyon trough, 443 Newark-Gettysburg basin, 202, 203, 476, 477, 503, 517 Black Plateau basin, 314 205, 206, 207 Ocala Platform Highs, 146, 378, 503, Carolina trough, 314 Newfoundland, 234, 529 505 Georges Bank, 260 Newfoundland Fracture Zone, 50 Ocean City, Maryland, 471 Gulf Stream, 314 Newfoundland-Gibraltar Fault system, Ocean City aquifer, 100 paleochannels, 152 50 Ocean City-Manokin aquifer, 471 paleoclimatic conditions, 131, 138 Newfoundland-Gibraltar fracture zone, Ocean Drilling Project (ODP), 293 paleoecology, North Carolina, 143 222 ocean dumping, 585 paleoenvironments, 5, 365 Newport River, 497 Ocean Reef Group, 116 Paleogene, 72, 75, 97, 98, 101, 121, Nichol shoreline, 488 ocean volume changes, 133 162, 166, 315, 370, 376, 541 Nicholas Channel, 329, 345 oceanic crust, 12, 43, 44, 50, 57, 63, paleoshelf edge, 371 nickel, 513 283, 284, 287, 295, 404 Paleozoic, 19, 35, 39, 48, 49, 57, nonmetallic deposits, 515 Oceanographer Canyon, 11, 12, 260, 74, 202 Noralyn Formation, 505 455 Blake Plateau, 295 Norfolk Arch, 97, 99 Ocmulgee Limestone, 125 Georges Bank basin, 243, 248, Norfolk basin, 38, 276 offshore oil & gas (petroleum) 254 Norfolk Canyon, 12 exploration, 1, 6, 62, 67, 271, Gulf of Maine, 243 Norfolk Fracture Zone, 38, 40, 50 272, 288, 445,463,501,529 thrust faults, 32, 46, 568 Noricysta sp., 209 Ohio-Hetzel shoal, 496 Palisades Sill, New Jersey, 206 Normandy Arch, 89 oil discovery, 419, 421 Palm Beach, Florida, 495, 496 North American craton, 49 oil spills, 1, 529 palynomorph assemblage, 20, 100, North American plate, 19, 39, 40, Okeechobee basin, 503, 507 197, 208, 209, 366 48, 50, 197, 207, 234, 253, Old Bahama Channel, 329, 345, 359 Pamlico Formation, 100, 152 332, 359, 360 Old Church Formation, 98 Pamunkey Group, 97 North Anna Reservoir, Virginia, 562 Oldsmar Formation, 124, 125, 476 Panama Isthmus, 360 North Atlantic basin, 103 Oleneothyris, 96 Pangea, 49, 63, 68, 213, 234 North Atlantic Province, 485, 486 Oligocene, 72, 75, 77, 79, 97, 98, climate, 368 North Atlantic Rift Zone, 214, 374 101, 102, 126, 371, 376, 412, Pantagenet Formation, 263 North Atlantic Shelf, 11 438, 443 Parkers Ferry Formation, 126 North Atlantic Western Boundary Bahamas, 340, 341 Parsonsburg Sand, 100, 149 Current, 63 Bermuda igneous province, 223 Passaic Formation, 203, 205 North Biscay margin, 27 Blake Escarpment, 319 Patinasporites densus, 209, 366 North Carolina, 40, 75, 99, 107, Blake Plateau, 315 peat deposits, 517 132, 140, 141, 151, 152, 369, Georges Bank, 260, 264 Peedee Formation, 119, 121 379, 463, 477, 497, 513, 514, North Carolina, 145 Peedee River, South Carolina, 121 525 Omas-Accomack unit, 100 Penholoway Formation, 152 beach preservation, 554 Onslow Bay, North Carolina, 141, Peninsular arch, Florida, 311 carbonates, 517 144, 147, 505, 507, 509, 511 Pennsylvania, 99 clay prodiction in, 517 Onslow Embayment, 139, 141, 143, Pensauken Formation, 99, 100 Coastal Plain, 507 144, 145, 505 peridotites, 222 continental margin, 138, 139 Ontario, 234 Permian, 49 Continental Shelf, 509 opal, 143 Peru, 146 faults, 543 Ophiomorpha, 96 petroleum exploration, 1, 6, 62, 271, geothermal gradients, 526 Orbitolina sp., 116 272, 288 phosphate deposits, 501 Ordovician, 77 petroleum geology, 6, 37, 445
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phosphates, 6, 141, 143, 144, 146, Zone, 119 Georges Bank, 69, 70, 247, 257, 157, 160, 377, 495, 501,507, Pseudoplicapollis longiannulata- 264 545 Plicapollis incisa Zone, 119 models, 403 , 406, 410, 429 phosphogenesis, 138, 145, 146, Pumpkin Bay Formation, 111, 115 Riggins Mill Member, Clinchfield 377, 495 Pungo River Formation, 99, 133, Formation, 125 phosphogypsum, 511 139, 141, 143, 144, 146, 379, Rio Grande rift system, 232 Piedmont Gravity High, 206 382, 507, 508, 509, 517 ripple marks, 63 Piedmont Province, 75, 77, 107, Punte Allegre Formation, 345 rise channels, 14 202, 514, 517, 523, 568, 574 Pycnodonte, 96 River Bend Formation, 125, 126 Pine Key Formation, 119, 121 pyrite, 143 Rizuza River, 368 Piney Point Formation, 97, 98 pyroxenites, 222 Rockall margin, 31 placer deposits, 514 Rocky Point Member, Peedee plankton, 144, 147 Quaternary, 80, 81, 87, 115, 132, Formation, 121 Plantation Tonque, Rebecca Shoal 136, 147, 376 Ronkonkoma Moraine, Long Island, Dolomite, 121 Bahamas, 360 149 plate tectonics, 26, 63 Baltimore Canyon trough, 280 Rotalipora cushmani, 101 See also tectonic processes Georges Bank, 260 Rugotruncana subcircumnodifier Zone, platinum, 513, 514 New England, 149 102 Pleistocene, 6, 10, 14, 100, 132, North Carolina, 141, 145 Rum Cay bank, 329 147, 160, 379, 494 sedimentation, 157, 162 Bahamas, 354 Quebec, 226 sabkhas, 369, 373, 374 Florida Phosphate Province, 503 Quincy area, Georgia-Florida border, Sable Island, 261, 280, 486, 529 Grand Banks, 209 516 Saffir-Simpson Scale, 550 Georges Bank, 260 St. Augustine, Florida, 475 glaciation, 151 Racemiguembelina fructicosa, 121 St. Mary's County, Maryland, 89 nonglaciated province, 151 radioactive waste disposal, 586, 590 St. Mary's Formation, 98, 99, 139 North Carolina, 146 radiogenic model, 521 Sakhalin Island, 146 Scotian Shelf, 209 Rampano fault, New York, 203, 558, salinity, water, 468, 470, 471, 477 sea-level changes, 471 560, 562, 568 Salisbury Embayment, 37, 38, 40, tectonism, 563 rare-earths, 514 49, 89, 90, 139, 152, 370 Pliocene, 98, 99, 315, 341, 379, 439 Raritan Embayment, 89 Salisbury, Maryland, 87, 89 Bahamas, 354 Raritan estuary, 587 salt, 5, 32, 39, 73, 262, 276, 278, Florida Phosphate Province, 503, Raritan Formation, 468 301, 370, 373, 374, 517 505 Rebecca Shoal Dolomite, 121, 124 basins, 49 North Carolina, 141, 143, 144, Recent time, 163, 199, 429 diapirs, 30, 38, 44, 252, 257, 264, 145, 146 Red Hill complex, 225 276, 282, 287, 301, 303, 306, plutons, 220, 221, 222, 234, 568 Red Sea, 19, 111, 203, 368, 375 322, 345, 442, 455, 545 Plymouth, Massachusetts, 486 Red Snapper Sink, Florida, 475 Salt Mountain Limestone, 124 Pocomoke aquifer, 100 Redbank Formation, 96 saltwater intrusions, 463, 466 Point Judith, Rhode Island, 490 reefs Sam an a Reentrant, 341 pollen records, 5, 119, 147, 151, Bahamas basin, 3, 5, 165, 166 San Andreas fault, 565 209 Blake Plateau, 305 San Andreas Rift, 206 pollution, 529, 531, 583 sedimentation, 5, 10, 11, 64, 111, San Cayetano Formation, 345 Porcupine expedition (1869), 59 163, 166, 372, 458 San Salvador, 348 Porters Creek Formation, 124 See also carbonate, reefs sand Portland, Maine, 486, 488 Reforma-Campeche shelf complex, resources, 481 Portsmouth, Virginia, 524, 526 Mexico, 458 ridges, 488, 491 post-glacial sediment deposition, 9 Rehacythereis eaglefordensis, 117 transport, 533 postrift sediments, 3, 5, 35, 40, 109, reptilian remains, 96 Sandersville Limestone Member, 115, 199, 255, 257, 258, 259, Resource Conservation and Recovery Tobacco Road Sand, 125 274, 279, 287, 430 Act of 1976 (RCRA), 584 Sandwich Moraine, Massachusetts, postrift tectonism, 107 Rhems Formation, 123 149, 467 postrift unconformity (PRU), 35, 38, Rhode Island, 10, 484, 490 Sanford basin, 204, 208 44, 199, 274, 295 Richmond, Virginia, 99 Sanford High, 503, 505 Potomac Formation, 91, 102, 561 Richmond basin, 89, 90, 204, 208, Sanford-Durham-Wadesboro basin, Pourtales Terrace, 503, 550 213, 366, 373 North Carolina, 517 Powell Canyon, 534 Richmond-Brandywine trend, 90 Santa Barbara, California, oil spill, 1 Poza Rica trend, Gulf of Mexico, 360 Riddleville basin, 40, 203, 213 Santaren Channel, 329, 331, 345 Praeorbulina glomerosa, 101 ridges, 10 Santee Limestone, 125 Precambrian, 570 migration, 488 Santee River delta, 497 Presumpscot Formation, 149, 151 rift basins, 28, 40, 43, 45, 49, 297 Sawdust Landing Member, Rhems Project Magnet, 243 See also specific rift basins Formation, 123 Providence Channels, 329, 331, 334, rifting, 3, 5, 19, 39, 40, 49, 50, Scatarie Member, Abenaki Formation, 340, 341, 348, 353 111, 202, 229, 269, 295, 365, 72, 257, 259, 369 Pseudoenzonalasporites summus, 209, 373, 417, 458 Schuykill River, 490 366 Baltimore Canyon trough, 74, Scotian basin, 20, 38, 39, 50, 69, Pseudohastigerina wilcoxnsis, 124 274 70, 72, 74, 261, 278, 301, 369 Pseudoplicapollis cuneata- Blake Plateau, 299, 301, 322 Scotian Margin, 258, 259, 279, 370, Semioculopollis verrucosa Carolina trough, 299, 301, 322 376
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Scotian Shelf, 149, 197, 209, 245, See also Florida Baltimore Canyon trough, 274 259, 261, 366, 374, 458, 485, South Florida basin, 19, 35, 37, 39, Georges Bank, 247, 257 486 40, 109, 110, 111, 360 tectonic subsidence, 399,404, 429, palynology, 212 South Florida Embayment, 138 439 synrift, 199 South Florida/Bahama Banks tectonism, 557 Scots Bay Formation, 373 province, 163, 165 Tennessee, 568 Scottsburg basin, 208 South Georgia Rift, 40, 49, 50, 77, terrace formations, 152, 488 Scoyenia, 208 204 terrane boundaries, 19 Screven Formation, 139 South Mountain granite batholith, 41 Tertiary, 9, 12, 87, 91, 100, 101, Sea Bright, New Jersey, 553 South New Jersey High, 90 102, 121, 160, 494 sea level, 5, 10, 11, 13, 87, 102, South New Jersey Uplift, 89 Bahamas, 345, 353 310, 314, 315, 359, 366, 441 South Toms Canyon, 14 Baltimore Canyon trough, 288, changes, 5, 6, 20, 59, 61, 90, Southeast Georgia Embayment, 37, 407, 437, 443, 450 131, 132, 263, 280, 354, 376, 39, 40, 45, 75, 77, 109, 138, Blake Plateau, 305 379, 382, 401, 429, 431, 441, 139, 152, 304, 311, 503, 516 Carolina Phosphate Province, 505 471 geologic hazards, 529, 538 Floridan Aquifer System, 475 rise in, 551 hydrocarbon exploration, 445, 447 Georges Bank, 259 Sea of Japan, 146 Southern New England, 10 Gulf of Maine, 243 sea-floor spreading, 3, 5, 25, 39, 40, Spain, 374 Massachusetts, 468 43, 44, 49, 50, 72, 79, 111, Spencer Canyon, 14 sea-level changes, 437 269, 274, 287, 288, 356, 366, Spring Garden Member, Castle Hayne sediments, 152 458 Formation, 125 teshenites, 222 seamounts, 31 Stafford fault system, Virginia, 89, Tethys Seaway, 51, 212, 213, 214, seismic profiles, 9, 140, 145, 155, 559, 561 368, 374 177, 247, 259, 291 Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, thermal evolution, 417 seismic reflection profiles, 5, 21, 31, 486, 489 thermal springs, 223 67, 140, 177, 182, 243, 248, storm-associated hazards, 549 thermal subsidence models, 5, 253, 271, 274, 279, 280, 315, 331, Straits of Florida, 11, 12, 166, 311, 410, 418, 430, 439 332, 365, 399, 419, 444 314, 315, 329, 331, 333, 345, thorium, 523, 527 seismic refraction profiles, 5, 61, 62, 353, 359, 476 thrust faults, 19, 22, 49 177, 222, 243, 253, 331 gravity anomalies, 346 Tiger Scarp, 490 seismic stratigraphy, 139 Stumpy Point, North Carolina, 525 tile fish, erosion due to, 11 seismic-velocity data 21, 63, 177, Stumpy Point Granite, 525 tin, 514 181 subaerial erosion, 61 Tinton Formation, 96 Senegal basin, 45, 49 Subbotina sp., 101, 124 titanium, 514, 516 Shark River Formation, 97 submarine canyons, 9, 11, 12, 13, Tivola Limestone, 125 shell bed, 96 59, 62, 151, 329 Tobacco Road Sand, 125 Shenandoah igneous province, 220, Georges Bank, 60 Toms Canyon, 538 222, 224, 234 New York coast, 58 Tongue of the Ocean (TOTO), 11, Shirley unit, 100 subsidence, 5, 19, 63, 64, 81, 115, 329, 341, 347, 354, 359 shore hardening, 553 138 total tectonic subsidence (TTS) shoreline retreat, 549, 550, 551, 552 Sunniland trend, Florida, 360 analysis, 404 siderite-magnetite, 143 Susquehanna River system, 157 TOTO. See Tongue of the Ocean, silver, 514 Suwanee channel, 110, 121, 124, 126 trace elements, 511 Silver Bluff Formation, 152 Suwanee Current, 314 Trade Wind Belt, 165 Sinclair Reservoir, 574 Suwanee Strait, Georgia, 311, 314, Trail Ridge, Florida, 514 Sinepuxent Formation, 100 315, 323, 503, 505 Treadwell Limestone Member, sinkholes, 541 Suwannee Limestone Formation, 126, Clinchfield Formation, 125 slope erosion, 12, 13, 14 476 Trent Marl Formation, 126 Snow Hill Marl Member, Black Creek Suwannee Terrane, 40, 49, 50 Triassic, 35, 41, 48, 49, 72, 77, 79, Formation, 119 syenites, 222 374 South Africa, 146 synrift basins, 197, 454, 457 coastal New England province, 225 South America, 49 synrift deposits, 3, 256, 264, 274, dike swarms, 219 South Atlantic margin, 10 287, 406 fault basins, 64, 202 South Atlantic Province, 485, 491, Georges Bank, 248, 256, 454 493 Tabb Formation, 100 Grand Banks, 209 South Atlas Fault Zone, Morocco, 46, Tadjoura-Ali Sabin hörst, 220 Gulf of Maine, 243 49, 213 Talbot Formation, 152 Newark Supergroup, 208 South Carolina, 22, 40, 75, 77, 107, Tamesi fauna, 123, 124 palynomorphs, 20 139, 151, 159, 217, 222, 463, Tamiami Formation, 139, 476 rift structures, 9 476, 477, 496, 503, 515 Tampa Formation, 476 Scotian Shelf, 199 clay production in, 517 Tasmanites, 209, 366 synrift basins, 197 seismicity, 575 Tavernier Tongue, Rebecca Shoal tectonic processes, 234, 561, 563 See also Charleston, South Dolomite, 124 Triassic-Liassic Carolina, earthquake Taylorsville rift basin, 89, 203, 204, paleogeography, 365, 368, 373 Soth Carolina-Georgia Seismic Zone 208, 213, 373 synrift, 198, 200 (SCGSZ), 574, 580 tectonic processes, 1, 5, 6, 13, 19, Trinitella scotti, 121 South Florida, 10, 135, 163, 484, 26, 63, 107, 135, 152, 229, Trinity age, 116 495 269, 359, 366, 378 Tunisia, 213, 374
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Twiggs Clay Member, Dry Branch 224 Western North Atlantic basin, 371 Formation, 125 volcanic layers, Baltimore Canyon White Oak Lineament, 543 trough, 74, 280 White Mountain Volcanic Series, 19, undercurrents, 59 volcanic processes, Bermuda igneous 31 Ural Mountains, 213 province, 223 White Mountain magma series uranium, 511, 523, 527 volcanic units, Newark rifts, 209, (WMMS), 220, 225 Utley Limestone Member, Clinchfield 217 White Mountains, 220, 234 Formation, 125 volcanism, 62, 63, 206, 220, 286, Wicomoco Formation, 152 373, 374 Wilcox Group, 123, 124 Valley and Ridge Province, 57, 521, Williamsburg Formation, 123 522 Wadesboro basin, 202 Wilmington Canyon, 10, 11, 12, 13, vanadium, 513 Wales, 63 14, 15, 152, 491 Veatch Canyon, 12 Walker's Cay fault zone, 340 Wilmington Fan, 15 Veenia quadrialira, 117 Washington, D.C., 557 Wilmington Valley, 15 Venezuela, 146 Washington Canyon, 12 Wisconsinan shorelines, 11 Vermont, 149, 221 waste disposal, 6, 583 Wood River Formation, 111, 115 vertebrate fossils, 96 Waste Gate Formation, 91 Woodbury Formation, 94 Vincentown Formation, 97 Wenonah Formation, 96 Woods Hole, Massachusetts, 61 Vineyard Moraine, 149 West Africa, 49 Woods Hole Oceanographic Virginia, 91, 96, 97, 99, 133, 139, West Florida Escarpment, 320 Institution (WHOI), 59, 243 152, 227, 269, 369, 507, 514, West Florida Shelf, 40, 358 527 West Georgia Transition province, Yarmouth Arch, 39, 250, 252 coast, 61 558, 559, 560 Yarmouth Interglacial, 149 faults, 557, 559 West Palm Beach, Florida, 329 Yarmouth Sag, 39, 250 seismicity, 568, 470 West Rock, Connecticut, 206 Yorktown Formation, 99, 139, 141, Virginia Beach Valley, 490 Westchester County, New York, 577 143, 144, 507 Virginia Coastal Plain, 97 Western Alps, 50 Yucatan Peninsula, 356 Virginia Seismic Zone (VSZ), 574 Western Boundary Undercurrent, 14, Virtual Geomagnetic Poles (VGP), 63, 64, 157, 162 zirconium, 514
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