DOCSLIB.ORG

Article 515337 3Ff1818c4e1e8d

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Article 515337 3Ff1818c4e1e8d ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻠﺪ 1 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 3 ، ﺳﺎل 1388 (، -185 195 ) داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ، واﺣﺪ اراك ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨ ﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺷﺎﭘﺎ -4668 2008 http://jer.entomology.ir ﺟﻠﺪ 1 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 3 ، ﺳﺎل 1388 (، -185 195) ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hem., Psyllidae) در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ٢ ٣ ﻣﺎﻫﺮخ ﺣﺴﻦ ﭘﻮر1* ، ﻋﻠﻲ اﺻﻐﺮ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﻲ ، اﺣﺴﺎن رﺧﺸﺎﻧﻲ ، ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺎﻣﺮي ﺳﻴﺎﻫﻮﻳﻲ4 -1 ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي، ﻗﺮﻧﻄﻴﻨﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻨﺪر ﻟﻨﮕﻪ ، ﺑﻨﺪ ر ﻟﻨﮕﻪ -2 ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻴﺎه ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ، داﻧ ﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﺪرس، ﺗﻬﺮان -3 ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻴﺎه ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ ، زاﺑﻞ -4 ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺟﻬﺎد ﻛﺸﺎورزي ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن، اداره ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت ، ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت، Diaphorina citri ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ آﻓﺎت ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت در ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﻮب آﺳﻴﺎ اﺳﺖ . در اﻳﺮان، اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن، ﺳﻴﺴﺘﺎنو ﺑﻠﻮﭼﺴﺘﺎن و ﻛﺮﻣﺎن ﮔﺴﺘﺮش داﺷﺘﻪ و از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻜﻴﺪن ﺷﻴﺮه ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي Liberobacter asiaticum ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك ﮔﺮﻳﻨﻴﻨﮓ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت اﺳﺖ . در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻓﻮن دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ D. citri در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ زﻧﺒﻮر ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫﺎي Encyrtidae و Eulophidae ، ﻳﻚ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮري از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Chrysopidae ، ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻔﺸﺪوزك ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮ و دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﻜﺒﻮت از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫﺎي Salticidae و Linyphidae ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . در ﺑﻴﻦ د ﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت، زﻧﺒﻮر ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ Tamarixia radiata از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Eulophidae ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻛﻪ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ آن اراﻳ ﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. واژه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﻴﺪي : Diaphorna citri ، دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ، اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hem., Psyllidae ﮔﺎم ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺿﺮوري ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ در ﺑﺎﻏﺎت ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ، ﺗﻜﺜﻴﺮ و رﻫﺎ ﺳﺎزي دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﻮ ﺛﺮ اﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻨﺘﺮل آﻓﺖ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﻤﻮم را ﻣﻴﺴﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزد . از ﻃﺮف دﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ و زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آنﻫ ﺎ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ زﻣﺎن ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ را در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻻزم و اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ . ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ داراي دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴﺪﻫﺎ و ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮ ﻳﻴ ـﺪﻫﺎي آن ﺷﺎﻣﻞ (Tamarix radiata (Waterston, 1922 و Diaphorina * ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه راﺑﻂ، ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ : [email protected] ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ( /6/15 88 ) – ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ( /20/8 88 ) ) 88 ١٨٥ ﺣﺴﻦ ﭘﻮر و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت (Diaphorina citri (Hem., Psyllidae ... aligarensis Shaffe-Alam & Agawal از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Eulophidae در ﻛﻨﺘﺮ ل ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ از اﻫﻤﻴﺖ زﻳﺎدي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارﻧﺪ .(Mcfarland & Hoy, 2001 ) ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي T. radiata و D. aligarensi s ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ آﻓﺖ در ﺗﺎﻳﻮان ﺗﻮﺳـﻂ ﭼـﻦ و ﻫﻤﻜـﺎران ارزﻳـﺎﺑﻲ ﺷـﺪ (Chien et al ., 1991) . ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴ ﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت در ﻣﻨ ﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﻮادﻟﻮپ ﺗﻮﺳ ﻂ T. radiata ﻣﻮ ﺛﺮ واﻗﻊ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ( Etienne et al ., 2001 ). زﻧﺒﻮر ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴﺪ T. radiata از روﺳـﻴﻪ و در دﻫـﻪ 80 ﻣـﻴﻼدي از ﺗـﺎﻳﻮان ﮔـﺰارش ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ ( Chien et al ., 1989 ). درﻓﻴﻠﻴﭙﻴﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴﺪﻫﺎي D. citri ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي T. radiata و D. aligarensis ﮔﺰارش ﺷـﺪه و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ T. radiata داراي ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ (Tang, 1989) . از ﻣﻴﺎن ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮ ﻳﻴﺪﻫﺎي وارداﺗﻲ از آﺳﻴﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻠﻮرﻳـﺪا در آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ T. radiata اﺳﺘﻘﺮار ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ و ﻫﻢ اﻛﻨﻮن در ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮده اﺳـﺖ ( Qureshi (. (. et al., 2009 ﻋﺎﻣﺮي و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، زﻧﺒﻮر (Psyllaephagus stenopsyllae (Tachikawa را ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﻳﻜـﻲ از ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮ ﻳﻴـﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺮاﺣـﻞ ﭘﻮرﮔﻲ ﭘـﺴﻴﻞ آﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒـﺎت از ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ ﺳـﻴﺮﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻨـﺎب در اﺳـﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔـﺎن ﮔـﺰارش ﻧﻤﻮدﻧـﺪ ( Ameri et al ., 2006) . ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪي ﻧﻴﺎ، ﻣﮕﺲ (Allobacha sapphirina (Wiedemann از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Syrphidae را ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺑـﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻮﻓﻖ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت در ﺳﻴﺴﺘﺎن و ﺑﻠﻮﭼﺴﺘﺎن ﮔﺰارش ﻧﻤﻮد ( Motamedinia, 2006 ) . ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮريﻫـﺎي Chrysopa boninsis Huang and Polaszed و Chrysoperla rufilabris Burmeister ﻧﻴﺰ در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل D. citri ﻧﻘـﺶ دارﻧـﺪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒـﺎت را در ﻓﻠﻮرﻳـﺪاي ﻣﺮﻛـﺰي ﻛﻔـﺸﺪوزك ﻫـﺎي (Harmonia axyridis (Pallas ، (Olla V-nigrum (Mulsant) ،Exochomus chidreni (Mulsant) Cycloneda sanginea (Linnaeus و دو ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﺑــﺎﻟﺘﻮري(Ceraeochrysa sp. ، Chrysoperla rufilabri s (Burmeister، ﻋﻨﻜﺒــﻮت Hibana velox Becker و زﻧﺒــﻮر ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴﺪ T. radiata ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ( Michaud, 2001, 2002, 2004; Chien, 1989) . در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻘـﺶ دﺷـﻤﻨﺎن - ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از T. radiata در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ ﻧﻘﺶ دارﻧـﺪ .( .( Michaud, 2004 ) ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ در ﻛﺸﻮر ﻛﻮﺑﺎ از ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫـﺎي Chrysopidae ،Syrphidae و Coccinellidae ﮔـﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ( Gonzalez et al., 2003 ). در ﻛﺸﻮر ﻋﺮﺑـﺴﺘﺎن /6 33 درﺻـﺪ از ﺷـﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎي ﭘـﺴﻴﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺒـﺎت از ﻋﻨﻜﺒـﻮت ﻫـﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ . ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﭼﻨـﺪﻳﻦ ﺷـﻜﺎرﮔﺮ از ﺟﻤﻠـﻪ ﺳﻮﺳـﻚ (Saprinus chacites (Illiger از ﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده Histeridae و ﺳﻮﺳـﻚ Egapola crenulata Dejean از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Carabidae از اﻫﻤﻴـﺖ ﺑﻴـﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮﺧﻮردا رﻧـﺪ ( Al-Ghamdi, 2000 ). ﻳـﻚ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ ﻛﻔﺸﺪوزك از ﺟﻨﺲ Scymnus ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان دﺷﻤﻦ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت از ﺑﺮزﻳﻞ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ( ,. Gravena et al 1996 ). ﮔﻮﻧــــﻪ ﻫـﺎي Syrphophagus diaphorina Myartseva and Tryapitsyn ، Psyllaephagus diaphorina Lim و Syrphophagus taiwanus Hayat and Lin را از ﻣـﻪ ﻣﺘـﺮﻳﻦ دﺷـﻤﻨﺎن اﻳـﻦ ﭘـﺴﻴﻞ ﮔـﺰارش ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ & Viraktamath) . Bhumannavar, 2002) ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎ ت اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ر ﺗﻮﺳﻂ (Bove (2006 از اﻳ ﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ . اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻜﻴﺪن ﺷﻴﺮه ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻗـﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻧﺎﻗﻞ ﺑﻴﻤﺎري ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك ﮔﺮﻳﻨﻴﻨﮓ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت اﺳﺖ . اﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎري اﺧﻴﺮا ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﻘﻴﻬﻲ از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳـﺖ (Faghihi et al ., 2008) . ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ اﻳﻦ آﻓﺖ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔﺎن ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻨـﻮان ﻣﺮﺣﻠـﻪ ﺿﺮوري در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻘﻲ آن ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ١٨٦ ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻠﺪ 1 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 3 ، ﺳﺎل 1388، ( -185 195 ) ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺑﺎغ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت را در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻴﻨﺎب، رودان، ﺑﻨﺪرﻋﺒﺎس و ﺟﺎﺳﻚ ﻛﻪ آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒـﺎت ﺑﻮد و ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺤ ﺎ ﺑﺎﻏﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻤﭙﺎﺷﻲ در آن ﻫﺎ ﺻﻮرت ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘ ﻪ، اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه و در ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﻤـﻦ، اﺳـﻔﻨﺪ ، ﻓـﺮوردﻳﻦ، اردﻳﺒﻬﺸﺖ و ﺧﺮداد در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 1386 و 1387 ﻛﻪ ﻣﺼﺎدف ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻓﺖ ﺑﻮد ﺑﺎزدﻳﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺑﻪ دو ﺻـﻮرت زﻳـﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ : : اﻟﻒ- ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ از ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه D. Vac و ﺗﻮر ﺣـﺸﺮه ﮔﻴـﺮي ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري و درون ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻴﺸﻪ اي ﺣﺎوي اﻟﻜﻞ 75 % ﻧﮕﻬﺪاري ﺷﺪ . ب- ﭘﺮورش در آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮ ﻳﻴﺪﻫﺎ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد زﻳﺎدي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮل 15 ﺗﺎ 20 ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮگ آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ رﺷﺪ ي ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ، از ﺑﺎﻏﺎت آﻟﻮده، ﺟﻤﻊآوري و ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳـﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﺪ . ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ درون ﭘﺘﺮ ي ﻗﺮار داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت روزاﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺎزدﻳﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ و ﺑـﺎ ﺧـﺮوج ﺣـﺸﺮات ﻛﺎﻣـﻞ ،ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ آن ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آﺳـﭙﻴﺮاﺗﻮر ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري و ﺑـﻪ درون ﻟﻮﻟـﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺷﻴـﺸﻪ اي ﺣـﺎوي اﻟﻜـﻞ 75 % ﻣﻨﺘﻘـﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧـ ﺪ. از ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴﺪﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه اﺳﻼﻳﺪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و زﻳﺮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮپ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و از وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫـﺎي اﻓﺘﺮاﻗﻲ آن ﻫﺎ ﻋﻜﺲ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ . ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﺎﺗﻴﻚ ، ﭘﺮﻓﺴﻮر Hyat و ﭘﺮﻓﺴﻮر Yefremova ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ و ﻣﻮرد ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ . ﻣﺤﻞ و زﻣﺎن ﺟﻤﻊ آو ري ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪﻫﺎ و ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎي ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت در ﺟﺪول 1 ارا ﻳﻪ ﺷـﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻃﻲ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري از دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت ﻃﻲ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 1386 ﺗﺎ 1387 ﺣﺸﺮات ﺷـﻜﺎرﮔﺮ ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﻳـﻚ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮري، ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻔﺸﺪوزك، دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ زﻧﺒﻮر ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴﺪ و دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻨﻜﺒﻮت ( ﺟﺪول 1 ) ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ . در ﺑﻴﻦ دﺷﻤﻨـــــﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌـــﻲ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷــــﺪه زﻧﺒـــﻮر ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳ ﻴـــــﺪ Tamarixia radiata ﺑﺮاي اﻳﺮان رﻛـﻮرد ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد . اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻳﻚ زﻧﺒﻮر اﻧﺪوﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﭘﻮره ﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﻴﻦ ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎ ﭘـﻨﺞ ﭘـﺴﻴﻞ آﺳـﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒـﺎت اﺳـﺖ و وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ آن ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮ ح زﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژي ﺣﺸﺮه ﻣﺎده ﻃﻮل ﺳﺮ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ از ﻋﺮض آن (j - 1) ، ﭼﺸﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﻛﺐ ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﻪ رﻧﮓ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ، داراي ﺳﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ ﺳﺎده ﺑﺎﻻي ﺳﺮ (j - 1) ، ﭘﺎﻟﭗ ﻟﺐ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ و ﭘﺎﻟﭗ آرواره ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻨﺪي ، ﺷﺎﺧﻚ زرد (j-1)، در ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده ﺷﺎﺧﻚ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه و ﺑﺪون ﻣﻮﻫﺎي ﺑﻠﻨﺪ (g - 1) ، ﻣﺤﻞ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺷﺎﺧﻚ د ر ﻣﺎده ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ از ﭘﻴﺸﺎﻧﻲ ﻗﺮار دارد (j - 1 ). ﺑﻨﺪ اول ﺷﺎﺧﻚ ﺳﻴﻠﻨﺪري ﺷﻜﻞ، ﺳﻪ ﺑﻨﺪ اﻧﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ در ﻣﺎده ﻫﺎ ﭼﻤﺎﻗﻲ و داراي ﻣﻮ (g - 1)، ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺮوﻧﻮﺗﻮم ﻣﺸﺒﻚ و داراي دو ﻣﻮي ﻣﻮازي ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ (i - 1 ). رﮔﺒﺎل ١٨٧ ﺣﺴﻦ ﭘﻮر و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت (Diaphorina citri (Hem., Psyllidae ... زﻳﺮ ﻛﻨﺎري ﻛﻮﺗﺎه، ﻃﻮل آن ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﻧﺼﻒ ﻃﻮل رﮔﺒﺎل ﻛﻨﺎري، رﮔﺒﺎ ل ﻛﻨﺎري در ﻗﺎﻋﺪه ﻋﺮﻳﺾ و ﻛﺸﻴﺪه در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ داراي ﻳﻚ ردﻳﻒ ﻣﻮ ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺑﺎل ﻛﺸﻴﺪه ﺷﺪه ، اﻃﺮاف ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ ﺑﺎل ﻣﻮدار (c - 1 ،) رﮔﺒﺎل اﺳﺘﻴﮕﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ و ﻣﺜﻠﺜﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ (c - 1) ، رﻧﮓ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺪن ﺣﺸﺮه ﻣﺎده ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎي ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﺗﺮژﻳﺖ ﻗﻬﻮه اي ﺗﻴﺮه (b - 1) ، ﭘﺎي ﺟﻠﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﭘﻴﺶ ران ران ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻬﻮه اي روﺷﻦ (e - 1 ،) ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه، ﺷﻜﻢ ﻛﺸﻴﺪه ﺗﺮ از ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ، ﺑﻪ رﻧﮓ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ، در ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻬﻮه اي ﺗﻴﺮه و در اﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺠﻬﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰ واﻟﻮي (f - 1 .) .) ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژي ﺣﺸﺮه ﻧﺮ ﻣﺤﻞ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺷﺎﺧﻚ ﻧﺮ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﭘﻴﺸﺎﻧﻲ اﺳﺖ، ﺷﺎﺧﻚ 8 ﺑﻨﺪي، داراي ﻣﻮﻫﺎي ﺑﻠﻨﺪ h )1- ؛) در اﻧﺘﻬﺎي ﺷﻜﻢ، ژ ﻧﻴﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎي ﻧﺮ a )1- ) ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد . در ﻧﺮﻫﺎ ﺷﻜﻢ ﺑﻪ رﻧﮓ ﻣﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻬﻮاي ﺗﻴﺮه و ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺣﺸﺮه ﻣﺎده اﺳﺖ a )1- ). ). ١٨٨ ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻠﺪ 1 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 3 ، ﺳﺎل 1388 (، -185 195 ) ﺟﺪول -1 زﻣﺎن و ﻣﻜﺎن ﺟﻤﻊ آوري دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﭘﺴﻴﻞ آﺳﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎت، Diaphorina citri در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺮﻣﺰﮔ ﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1387-1386 . Table 1- Time and place of collecting natural enemies of Asian citrus Psylla, Diaphorina citri in Hormozgan province during 2007-2008 Geographic charac- Natural enemies Time Place ters ً 22 َ 25 ْ 57 ً 04 َ 46 ْ 57 Chrysoperla carnea March,April,May Minab ً 58 َ 06 ْ 27 ً 16 َ 07 ْ 27 ً 04 َ 03 ْ 57 ً 52 َ 19 ْ 57 ً March,April,May, 27 ْ 13 َ 28 ً 72 ْ 28 َ 11 Menochilus sexmaculatus Minab(senderk,sirik)Rudan ً February, March 27 ْ 18 َ 23 ً 57 ْ 05 َ 11 ً 14 َ 31 ْ 26 ً 88 َ 16 ْ 57 ً 08 َ 20 ْ 57 ً 04 َ 03 ْ 57 Adalia bipunctata April Rudan(Faryab, Jagin) ً 44 َ 13 ْ 27 ً 11 َ 28 ْ 27 ً March, April, 57 ْ 25 َ 12 ً 57 ْ 04 َ 44 Exochomus nigripennis Minab(senderc,sirik,Ravang) ً February, March 26 ْ 51 َ 58 ً 26 ْ 30 َ 28 ً 23 َ 18 ْ 27 ً 52 َ 19 ْ 57 E.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Iran's Sunnis Resist Extremism, but for How Long?
    Atlantic Council SOUTH ASIA CENTER ISSUE BRIEF Iran’s Sunnis Resist Extremism, but for How Long? APRIL 2018 SCHEHEREZADE FARAMARZI ome fifteen million of Iran’s eighty million people are Sunni Muslims, the country’s largest religious minority. Politically and economically disadvantaged, these Sunnis receive relatively lit- tle attention compared with other minorities and are concen- Strated in border areas from Baluchistan in the southeast, to Kurdistan in the northwest, to the Persian Gulf in the south. The flare up of tensions between regional rivals Saudi Arabia and Iran over Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Yemen would seem to encourage interest in the state of Iranian Sunnis, if only because the Saudis present them- selves as defenders of the world’s Sunnis, and Iran the self-appointed champion of the Shia cause. So how do Iran’s Sunnis fare in a state where Shia theology governs al- most every aspect of life? How have they been affected by this regional rivalry? Are they stuck between jihadist and other extreme regional Sunni movements on the one hand, and the Shia regime’s aggres- sive policies on the other? Is there a danger that these policies could push some disgruntled Iranian Sunnis toward militancy and terrorism? A tour of Turkmen Sahra in the northeast of Iran near the Caspian Sea, and in Hormozgan on the Persian Gulf in 2015 and 2016 revealed some of the answers. More recent interviews were conducted by phone and in person in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and with European-based experts. “Being a Sunni in Iran means pain, fear, anxiety, restrictions,”1 said a young The Atlantic Council’s South woman in a southern Hormozgan village.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Development of an Optimum Framework For
    THESIS DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMUM FRAMEWORK FOR LARGE DAMS IMPACT ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN ARID REGIONS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Submitted By ALI ASGHAR IRAJPOOR (2004-Ph.D-CEWRE-01) For The Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN WATER RESORECES ENGINEERING CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore 2010 i DEVELOPMENT OF AN OPTIMUM FRAMEWORK FOR LARGE DAMS IMPACTS ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN ARID REGIONS THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT By: Ali Asghar Irajpoor (2004-Ph.D-CEWRE-01) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING Thesis Examination Date: February 6, 2010 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif Dr. Muhammad Munir Babar Research Advisor/ External Examiner / Professor Internal Examiner Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro ______________________ (Prof. Dr. Muhammad Latif) DIRECTOR Thesis submitted on:____________________ CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 2010 ii This thesis was evaluated by the following Examiners: External Examiners: From Abroad: i) Dr. Sebastian Palt, Senior Project Manager, International Development, Ludmillastrasse 4, 84034 Landshut, Germany Ph.No. +49-871-4303279 E-mail:[email protected] ii) Dr. Riasat Ali, Group Leader, Groundwater Hydrology, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Land and Water, Private Bag 5 Wembley WA6913, Australia Ph. No. 08-9333-6329 E-mail: [email protected] From Pakistan: Dr. M. Munir Babar, Professor, Institute of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering, Deptt. Of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro Ph. No. 0222-771226 E-mail: [email protected] Internal Examiner: Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Landscape Change of Minab Delta Morphs Before and After Dam Construction
    Natural Environment Change, Vol. 1, No. 1, Summer & Autumn 2015, pp. 21-29 Assessing landscape change of Minab delta morphs before and after dam construction Manuchehr Farajzadeh; Professor, Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Mohammad Kamangar; M.Sc. Remote Sensing & GIS, department of natural resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar-e-Abbas, Iran. Fahimeh Bahrami; M.Sc. Watershed Management, Department of Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar-e-Abbas, Iran. Received: April 18, 2015 - Accepted: October 5, 2015 Abstract As special depositional environments which are adjacent to the seas, deltas have provided a field for human habitat establishment. Geomorphic features of deltas are in constant transformation due to their dynamic features. Constructing dams on rivers can intensify these changes and cause either negative or positive consequences. Minab delta in Hormozgan Province of Iran is a round or crescent- shaped delta which has Esteghlal Dam constructed on its creating river. Minab Dam is constructed upstream of Minab Delta in Hormozgan Province. The research aimed to derive landscape metrics of delta and assess their changes before and after the construction of dams. Landsat Satellite images of 1983 and 2013 provided the four classes as abandoned delta, active delta, subaqueous deltaic plain and aquatic environment, using maximum likelihood method, with a Kappa Coefficient accuracy of 86.55 and 88.42 for revealing changes quantitatively. To quantify landscape metrics, percentage of landscape (PLAND), Number of Patch (NP) and Mean Patch Size (MPS) metrics were computed. As indicated by the results, the NP metric increased in all the classes except active delta, and all classes showed a reduction in MPS metric.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Thermal Remote Sensing in Earthquake Precursor Studies
    APPLICATION OF THERMAL REMOTE SENSING IN EARTHQUAKE PRECURSOR STUDIES A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfilment ofthe requirements for the award of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in EARTH SCIENCES by VINEETA RAWAT DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE ROORKEE-247 667 (INDIA) SEPTEMBER, 2010 ©INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE, ROORKEE, 2010 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE ROORKEE CANDIDATE'S DECLARATION I hereby certify that the work which is being presented in the thesis entitled APPLICATION OF THERMAL REMOTE SENSING IN EARTHQUAKE PRECURSOR STUDIES, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and submitted in the Department of Earth Sciences of the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee is an authentic record of my own work carried out during a period from July 2006 to August 2010 under the supervision of Dr. Arun K. Saraf, Professor, Department of Earth Sciences, Dr. Josodhir Das, Scientific Officer, Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee. The matter presented in this thesis has not been submitted by me for the award of any other degree of this or any other Institute. b& (VINEETA RAWAT) This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is correct to the best of our knowledge. (Josodhir Das ) (ArtnTK. Saraff Supervisor Supervisor Date: o-2s SeJaJ-. 2.o1 o The PhD Viva-Voce Examination of Ms. Vineeta Rawat, Research Scholar, has been held on OZ Aterr/lC// Signature of Supervisors Signature of External Examiner ABSTRACT Earthquakes are the most unexpected and devastating natural phenomenon occurring on Earth.
    [Show full text]
  • Studying the Most Important Effective Factors on Dispersion of Sohaerocoma Aucheri and Its Non-Dispersion in Hormozgan
    J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 3(5)601-605, 2013 ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied © 2013, TextRoad Publication Scientific Research www.textroad.com Studying the Most Important Effective Factors on Dispersion of Sohaerocoma Aucheri and Its Non-Dispersion in Hormozgan *S. Ghiyasi 1, A. Godari2 and R .Asad Poor3 1Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran 2Department of Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Bandarabbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandarabbas, Iran 3Research Center of Agricultural and Natural Sources of Hormozgan ABSTRACT Sphaerocoma aucheri is one of the important types of coastal ranges of Hormozgan Province which plays a role in the production of coastal regions and a level of 23794 hectare was allocated to its growth in this province . Studying the most effective factors in the dispersion and non-dispersion of this type to the soil study in four regions within the dispersion region of this genus and the region of lack of witness type was done via profile digging and different parameters were analyzed .The results have been shown that the average of soil factors, EC, gypsum, sand, Ca and Mg, Na, S.A.R and K amount in each three depths and factors of clay percentage and K amount in two depths and percentage of saturation moisture in 2nd depth between regions of this genus and the regions in which this type was not available, there is a significant difference (level of Duncan Test= 95%).There is a significant difference between witness regions with the regions in which this genus exits for soil acidity and sand percentage in three depths.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Accuracy Predict the Concentration of Nitrate Groundwater by Spatial Distribution Model (Surface Kriging Map): Hasht Bandi of Minab, Iran
    IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-ISSN: 2319-2402,p- ISSN: 2319-2399.Volume 9, Issue 4 Ver. I (Apr. 2015), PP 86-90 www.iosrjournals.org Assessment of accuracy predict the concentration of nitrate groundwater by spatial distribution model (surface kriging map): Hasht Bandi of Minab, Iran Yadolah Fakhri1, Leila Rasouli Amirhajeloo2,Athena Rafieepour3, Ghazaleh Langarizadeh4, Bigard Moradi5, Yahya Zandsalimi6, Saeedeh Jafarzadeh7,Maryam Mirzaei8,* 1Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. 2Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran. 3Student's research committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran 4Food and Drugs Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran 5Department of health public, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 6Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran 7Research Center for non-communicable disease, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran 8Research Center for non-communicable disease, Msc of critical care nursing, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran *Corresponding author, Email: [email protected] Abstract: Recently, the spatial distribution models, such as surface kriging map were used extensively in the Assessmentof environmental pollutants such as nitrate groundwater. Therefore the Assessment of the accuracy of the maps in predicting concentration ofnitrate were determined. In this research, 162 water samples from 27 wells in HashtBandi of Minab (17 main and 10 controlled wells) were collected. The concentration of nitrate was measured by spectrophotometry DR28000 according to ferrous sulfate 8153 method. Kriging map accuracy Assessed by statistical analysis between measured and predicted concentration of nitrate in 10 controlled wells.
    [Show full text]
  • The Economic Geology of Iran Mineral Deposits and Natural Resources Springer Geology
    Springer Geology Mansour Ghorbani The Economic Geology of Iran Mineral Deposits and Natural Resources Springer Geology For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/10172 Mansour Ghorbani The Economic Geology of Iran Mineral Deposits and Natural Resources Mansour Ghorbani Faculty of Geoscience Shahid Beheshti University Tehran , Iran ISBN 978-94-007-5624-3 ISBN 978-94-007-5625-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-5625-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012951116 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, speci fi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on micro fi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied speci fi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection Among Pregnant Women in Hormozgan Province, South of Iran
    Iran J Parasitol: Vol. 14, No. 1, Jan-Mar 2019, pp.167-173 Iran J Parasitol Tehran University of Medical Open access Journal at Iranian Society of Parasitology Sciences Public a tion http:// ijpa.tums.ac.ir http://isp.tums.ac.ir http://tums.ac.ir Short Communication Prevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Pregnant Women in Hormozgan Province, South of Iran Seyedeh Zahra KHADEMI 1,2, *Fatemeh GHAFFARIFAR 1, Abdolhosein DALIMI 1, Parivash DAVOODIAN 3, Amir ABDOLI 4,5 1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Biology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran 3. Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Ban- dar Abbas, Iran 4. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran 5. Zoonosis Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Received 19 Oct 2017 Abstract Accepted 11 Jan 2018 Background: Toxoplasmosis can cause miscarriage or complications in the fetus. Diagnosis and treatment of this disease by anti-parasitic drugs especially in early pregnancy can help to prevent fetal infection and its complications. This study Keywords: aimed to determine T. gondii infection in pregnant women, evaluate risk factors in Toxoplasma gondii; the transmission of the disease and congenital toxoplasmosis. Pregnant women; Methods: Overall, 360 sera of pregnant women from 5 cities in the Hormozgan Prevalence; Province in southern Iran with different climate were evaluated from 2015-2016 Iran for T. gondii infection by using ELISA method and positive cases of IgM and IgG were tested again using Avidity IgG ELISA.
    [Show full text]
  • A Reconnaissance Report on Two Iran, Makran Earthquakes
    A Reconnaissance Report on two Iran, Makran Earthquakes Iran, Makran Earthquakes ; 16 April 2013, Mw7.8, Gosht (Saravan) and 11 May 2013 Irar (Goharan), Bashagard, SE of Iran Authors and Affiliations Mehdi ZARE1, Anooshiravan Ansari2, Heydar Heydari3, Mo- hammad P.M. Shahvar4, Mehdi Daneshdust5, Majid Mahdi- an6, Fereidoun Sinaiean7, Esmail Farzanegan8 and Hossein Mirzaei-Alavijeh9 1International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seis- mology (IIEES), Tehran, Iran, [email protected], (Member EERI) 2IIEES, [email protected] 3Relief & Rescue Organization, Iranian Red Crescent Socie- ty, Tehran, Iran 4IIEES, [email protected] 5Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran ([email protected]) 6Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran ([email protected]) 8,9Building and Housing Research Center, Tehran, Iran, (7: [email protected]), (8: [email protected]) and (9: [email protected]). report design by Brijhette Farmer, EERI Introduction Iran has experienced two strong earthquakes, in April and May 2013, in the Makran ranges within 25 days. The first earthquake occurred on 16 April 201s3, with Mw7.8 the Sa- ravan region in the eastern end of Iranian Makran. The se- cond one happened in western Makran, on 11 May 2013, with Mw6.2, in Irar, Bashagard region, close to the Minab-Zendan Fault zone. This report tries to summarize the reconnaissance reports and early seismological and earthquake engineering evaluations on these two strong earthquakes. Figure-1: The epicenter of the Gosht (Savaran), 1. Seismicity of the Makran belt. SE Iran, western Pakistan, by Norwegian Refu- gee Council (from https://www.relief-web.int).
    [Show full text]
  • The Freshwater Fishes of Iran Redacted for Privacy Hs Tract Approved: Dr
    AN ABSTRPCT OF THE THESIS OF Neil Brant Anuantzout for the degree of Dcctor of Philosophy in Fisheries presented on 2 Title: The Freshwater Fishes of Iran Redacted for Privacy hs tract approved: Dr. Carl E. Bond The freshwater fish fauna of Iran is representedby 3 classes, 1 orders, 31 familIes, 90 genera, 269species and 58 subspecIes. This includes 8 orders, 10 families, 14 generaand 33 species with marine representatives that live at least partof the tixne in freshwater. Also included are one family, 7 genera,9 species and 4 subspecies introduced into Iran. Overhalf the species and nearly half the genera are in the family Cypririidae; over75% of the genera and species are in the orderCypriniformes. The fish fauna may be separated into threemajor groups. The largest and nst diverse is the Sannatian Fauna,which includes the Caspian Sea, Azerbaijan, Lake Bezaiyeh, Rhorasan,Isfahan, Dashte-Kavir, and the four subbasins of the Namak LakeBasins. Of the fish found in Iran, 14 of 31 earnilies, 48 of 90 genera,127 of 269 species and 46 of 58 subspecies are found in theSarmatian Fauna. Endemisa is low, and nstly expressed at the subspecific level.The fauna contains marine relicts from the Sannatian Sea and recentinmigrants with strong relationships to the fishes of Europe, the Black Seaand northern Asia. The marine relicts are absent outside the Caspian Sea Basin, where the fauna is best described as a depauperate extensionof the Caspian and Aral Sea faunas. The second major fauna is the Nesopotamian Fauna,and includes the Tigris and Euphrates river Basins, the Karun1iver Basin, and the Kol, nd, Maliarlu, Neyriz and Lar Basins.
    [Show full text]
  • Minab Flood Delineation, V1 Minab - IRAN Flood Delineation and Flood Damage Assessment, Iran Flood Delineation, V1 - Overview Map
    480000 500000 520000 540000 560000 580000 56°40'0"E 56°50'0"E 57°0'0"E 57°10'0"E 57°20'0"E 57°30'0"E 57°40'0"E 57°50'0"E GLIDE number: N/A Activation ID: EMSN066 Int. Charter call ID: N/A Product 1: AOI 01 Minab Flood delineation, v1 Minab - IRAN Flood delineation and flood damage assessment, Iran Flood delineation, v1 - Overview Map ^ Afghanistan and Rudan Helm N " N 0 ' " 0 0 ' 2 0 Iran ° Uzbekistan 2 7 Azerbaijan ° 2 7 (Islamic 2 Republic Turkmenistan Bandar-e-Abbas of) Turkey 0 0 0 0 ^Tehran s 0 0 u nd 0 0 I 01 Minab Afghanistan 2 2 PaIkrainstan 0 0 (Islamic 3 3 Iraq Republic of) Persian Gulf 02 Bandar-e-Jask Kuwait Pakistan 03 Chabahar United Saudi Arab Arabia Emirates Qatar United Arab Emirates Arabian Sea 125 India Oman km Jowzan Cartographic Information Kahnuj Full color A1, high resolution (300 dpi) Hajjiabad N 1:195000 " N 0 ' " 0 0 ' Hashtbandi 1 0 ° 1 7 ° 2 7 Dalalun Harmood 0 4 8 16 2 Kerman Minab Minan Dam km Nakhl-e Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 40N map coordinate system Ebrahimi Tick marks: WGS 84 geographical coordinate system 0 0 ± 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Legend 3 Tiab, Minab 3 Mazegh-e Bala Product 1 Reference BH140 - River Line Mazegh-e Pain Flooded Area BH020 - Canal Line BH080 - Lake Area Kulegh Kashi Boundaries BH130 - Reservoir Area Area of Interest Band-e Zarak AP030 - Primary Route Provinces AP030 - Secondary Road Municipalities AP030 - Local Road AP010 - Cart Track AQ040 - Bridge Line /" AL020 - City N " "/ N AL020 - Town 0 ' " 0 0 ' ° 0 "/ 7 ° AL020 - Village 2 7 2 "/ AL020 - Hamlet "6 AL020 - Other AL020 - Residential Built-Up Area Sarney Dam AL020 - Industrial Built-Up Area AL020 - Other Built-Up Area 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 9 9 2 Pum 2 Map Information Hormozgan Between January 9th and 13th 2020, heavy rains and river overflowing led to widespread floods, especially affecting Sistan and Baluchistan, Hormozgan and Kerman provinces in South-East Iran.
    [Show full text]
  • Camelus Dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran 1* 2 3 Research Article J
    Ehsaninia et al. Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran 1* 2 3 Research Article J. Ehsaninia , B. Faye and N. Ghavi Hossein‐Zadeh 1 Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran 2 FAO/CIRAD‐ES, Campus Internaonal de Baillarguet, TA C/dir B 34398 Montpellier, France 3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Received on: 8 Jan 2019 Revised on: 21 Mar 2019 Accepted on: 31 Mar 2019 Online Published on: Dec 2020 *Correspondence E‐mail: [email protected] © 2010 Copyright by Islamic Azad Univers ity, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran Online version is available on: www.ijas.ir The aims of the present study were to evaluate phenotypic diversity and to determine the live body weight of camel ecotypes elevated in the south region of Kerman province in Iran. The morphological characteris- tics and body measurements of 136 camels (117 females and 19 males; aged between 3 and 12 years) from eight regions of the Jazmurian were measured. The ecotypes involved Rudbari, Native and Pakistani camel populations, which are the major camels in these rearing areas. The traits evaluated were length and width of the head, ears and the hump, heart and barrel girth. The live body weight was determined using three traits including barrel girth, heart girth and the height at withers. Data were analyzed with general linear model (GLM) and CORR procedures of SAS program. The overall averages of barrel girth, heart girth, height at shoulders and body weight were 177.56 ± 16.81 cm; 222.77 ± 17.53 cm; 174.32 ± 9.14 cm and 346.21 ± 54.27 kg, respectively.
    [Show full text]