Full Circle Magazine #28 1 Contents ^ Full Circle Program in Python - Pt2 P.07 Ubuntu Women P.30
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full circle ISSUE #28 - August 2009 LINUX, APACHE, MYSQL & PHP SERVER (LAMP) PART 1 full circle magazine #28 1 contents ^ full circle Program In Python - Pt2 p.07 Ubuntu Women p.30 LAMP - Part 1 p.12 Ubuntu Games p.32 My Opinion p.21 MOTU Interview p.27 Allmyapps Networking With SSHFS p.15 Command & Conquer p.05 Fast Internet With Squid p.17 Review p.25 Letters p.28 Top 5 p.36 The articles contained in this magazine are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. This means you can adapt, copy, distribute and transmit the articles but only under the following conditions: You must attribute the work to the original author in some way (at least a name, email or URL) and to this magazine by name ('full circle magazine') and the URL www.fullcirclemagazine.org (but not attribute the article(s) in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you must distribute the resulting work under the same, similar or a compatible license. full circle magazine #28 2 contents ^ EDITORIAL This magazine was created using : Welcome to another issue of Full Circle magazine. nd welcome to another new series! I promised you LAMP, and here it is: creating your own LAMP server. LAMP stands for Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP (sometimes Python) and is the foundation upon which many an Internet server sits, so it is very widely used. In part one (this month) ARichard Bosomworth discusses the installation and administration of a LAMP server and, next month, will touch on FTP and Firewalls, so stay tuned! Also this month, Greg has a small correction to his Python Part 1 series, so make sure you check that out, and he goes on to talk more about variables. Ubuntu is a complete operating system that is perfect for In other news, just last week Karmic Koala (Ubuntu 9.10) reached Alpha 4, and laptops, desktops and servers. August 31st brings the Ubuntu Developer Week (UDW): Whether at home, school or work Ubuntu contains all the applications you'll ever need including word processor, email application and web browser. Ubuntu is and always will be free of charge. You do not pay any licensing fees. You can The UDW timetable is at: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UbuntuDeveloperWeek download, use and share Ubuntu with your friends, family, school or business for absolutely Enjoy the issue, and keep in touch! nothing. Once installed, your system is ready to use with a full set of productivity, internet, drawing Editor, Full Circle magazine and graphics applications, and [email protected] games. use the new 'contents' link to jump to the contents page from any other page! full circle magazine #28 3 contents ^ NEWS New Skype Beta For Linux From Scratch 6.5: The release notes detail the Microsoft Linux The DIY Operating known issues with the new Acknowledges Linux As Beta version and details all the System Guide improvements made to the Desktop Competitor client. The software, which is Microsoft listed Linux distributors under a proprietary license, is Canonical and Red Hat among available to download for competing commercial software Ubuntut 8.04 and later suppliers in its annual report to versions, Debian Lenny, Fedora the US Securities and Exchange After over a year of silence 9 and later, openSUSE 11, and Commission. from Skype's Linux developers as a generic, statically or since even a minor update to The report said the Linux dynamically linked binary. The Linux From Scratch project has the Skype Linux client and operating system had gained released version 6.5 of its step-by- over two years since the last "some acceptance" as PC makers step instructions on how to create : www.h-online.com look to reduce costs and more major update was revealed, a your own Linux system from people buy netbook PCs that new beta release of Skype for scratch. The 300 pages of To download the new beta of mainly run Linux. instructions show how to obtain Linux has been made Skype: the source code components and available. The new version 2.1 Windows Vista has proven to be http://www.skype.com/download/s then compile your own 32-bit Beta uses the Skype SILK too large and too costly for Linux system. LFS 6.5 has been kype/linux/ codec which should bring netbooks, which has driven updated to cover building a better quality audio, even on adoption of Linux. system using Linux kernel version low bandwidth connections. It 2.6.30.2 with GCC 4.4.1 and Microsoft's Windows 7, due for also now supports high quality version 2.10.1 of glibc. LFS release in October, is to have a video and can make use of requires you already have a Linux special light version optimised for system running to do the PulseAudio. SMS messaging is use on netbooks. compilation and assembly of your now available, as is the ability own DIY Linux. Other updates to to organise contacts into : 6.5 are listed in the What's new groups. The chat functionality www.computerweekly.com since the last release page of the has also been enhanced with book. better indications of typing, message editing and new : www.h-online.com emoticons. full circle magazine #28 4 contents ^ COMMAND & CONQUER ecently a reader had substitute the “count” Usage: ping [-LRUbdfnqrvVaA] [-c count] [-i interval] [-w deadline] requested that I cover [-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface or address] the basic layout of a section with [-M mtu discovery hint] [-S sndbuf] help or man (manual) an actual [ -T timestamp option ] [ -Q tos ] [hop1 ...] destination Rpage. For the benefit of this value. The article, I will focus on the 'help' words are and 'man' pages for the “ping” intended to – number of ping tries command. The command: give you an – time between pings idea of what – maximum time to wait for reply ping -h the switch – allows you to fill the ping with a pattern of bytes does. – defines the size of the packet to send will display the help command – sets the IP Time to Live for ping (the “-h” switch, along Ideally, the – Set the source IP or device with the “--help” argument, are help page is – ''do'', ''want'' or ''dont'' are options the defacto default). The help intended as a – defines the size of the send buffer information will look something quick – allows you to set special IP timestamp options like what is shown in the box reference, in – sets the Quality of Service option (either decimal or hex value accepted) above right. case you're - can be a list of destinations unsure what The first square brackets switch containing “-LRUbdfnqrvVaA” is corresponds to well as more information, but a list of possible switches that explains what the command is the input you wish to supply. If, that isn't always the case. intended to do, or intended to don't require arguments however, you're new to the (mainly because they format be used for. The options command and don't know what To view the man page, use this section lists all the switches, output), and for an explanation half of the switches do, it's best command: as to what any of these and a short description of what to read through the man page, each does. To navigate through switches does, it's required to since it offers an explanation of man ping check the man page as well. the rest of the manpage, use each and every switch, as well the up and down arrows, or The next series of square The synopsis section displays as possible uses, help website, page up and page down. The brackets that show a switch something similar to the help etc. There are some help pages text on the very bottom looks and value combination (e.g. “-c command, but it is followed by that offer descriptions of like this: “Manual page ping(8) count”) requires you to a description section, which arguments and switches, as line 21/356 15%”. It tells you full circle magazine #28 5 contents ^ COMMAND & CONQUER that you are viewing the Options manual page for ping, and are Useful information pertinent to the command (definitions, at line 21 out of 356, or 15% of explanations, etc.) the way through the Bugs document. Once you're done See Also viewing the rest of the options History Security (if applicable) section, you come upon a Availability section named “ICMP Packet Details”, which defines what This is useful in case you want they are. There are a few more to look up a specific term from definitions before you reach the help page, since you know the bug heading, but each one exactly where to go. Also, if is fairly well explained, so I will you ever write your own tool, not explain each one. The bugs or would like to add a man listed are currently open page to a script you wrote, you (known bugs that haven't been then know how to format it. fixed in that version), and the Hopefully this article has See Also: section offers a few helped you to get a better other commands to look at understanding of how that will be useful in manpages work, and how to combination with the make sense of the often command you are currently confusing help pages. reading up on. The history section is straight-forward enough, while security and availability tells you a little more about the command.