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R. Venugopalan Known Things Unknown Secrets Reading excerpt India Known Things Unknown Secrets of R. Venugopalan Publisher: Health Harmony

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CONTENTS

Preface ...... 5 Acknowledgements ...... 7 A Prayer ...... 9

UNDERSTANDING

BASIC HINDU QUESTIONS ...... 3 Religion...... 3 Origins of Hinduism ...... 3 Hinduism way of salvation...... 4 Hinduism the concept of boardroom discussion...... 6 A Hindu...... 7 Sruti...... 7 ...... 8 Four contain...... 12 Important ?...... 13 Upa-Vedas...... 14 Limbs of the Vedas...... 16 ...... 17 Upa-Puranas?...... 19 Agamas and its types ...... 21

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SOUL SEARCHERS-RITUALS & Shaiva Agamas ...... 23 Sakta Agamas...... 24 Shat-Darshana ...... 25 Four Varnas/Four Castes...... 31 ...... 33 Duties of the Brahmins ...... 34 Origin of ...... 35 Sub-Divisions in Brahmin Caste ...... 35 ...... 36 ...... 37 ...... 38 and Pravaram...... 39 Chatur-Yuga (Four Yuga) ...... 41 or Krita Yuga ...... 42 Treta Yuga ...... 43 Dwapara Yuga...... 44 Yuga ...... 46 RELIGIOUS & OCCULT BASICS...... 47 Niddhi ...... 47 Riddhi ...... 48 Asta (8) Siddhies...... 48 64Kalas ...... 50 Apsaras...... 55 Gandharvas...... 56 Kinnars...... 56 Kimpurushas...... 56 Yakshas...... 57 Asta Vasus ...... ,...... 57

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CONTENTS ...... 57 Aadityas ...... 58 Asta-Dikhpala ...... 60 Somarasa ...... 61 Devas and Asuras...... 61 Daitya ...... 62 Bhoota ...... 62 Preta...... 63 Rakshasha...... 63 Pisacha...... 63 Samaya (Time)...... 64 Distance/ Measurement ...... 67 Kalpas...... 68 Kalpas as per Brahmanda and Purana ...... 69 Lokas ...... 70 ...... 70 GODS & GODDESS OF HINDU RELIGION ...... 75 Lord ...... 76 ...... 78 Bhasma (Holy Ash)...... 84 Linga...... 87 Jyotirlinga ...... 92 Benaras ...... 95 Lord ...... 96 Incarnations of Lord Vishnu ...... 97 Navagrahas ...... 105 Surya...... 105 Chandra……………………………………………...... 106

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SOUL SEARCHERS-RITUALS & CULTURE OF INDIA Budh (Mercury)...... 107 Mangal (Mars) ...... 107 (Jupiter) ...... 108 Shukra (Venus) ...... 108 Shani (Saturn / Manda) ...... 109 Rahu (Dragons Head) & Ketu (Dragons Tail)...... 109 ...... 110 M i t ra ...... 111 Pusan/ Pasupata ...... 111 Lord ...... 111 A g ni ...... 113 Kubera ...... 113 Yamaraja...... 114 Du,rga ...... 115 Animals Deities ...... 119 Kamadhenu...... 119 Nandi ...... 120 Airavata ...... 121 Akupara...... 121 Garuda...... 121 Sheshnaga ...... : ...... 122

KNOWN THINGS AND UNKNOWN ANSWERS...... 125 Conch Blowing ...... 126 Bell & Gongs...... 128 ...... 130 Ornaments & Beauty ...... 132 Bindi or Tilak…………………………………………...... 139

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CONTENTS Mangala ...... 147 Mehendi () ...... 150 Uses of Henna ...... 150 Parts of the Body Henna applied ...... 151 Medicinal benefits of Henna...... 151 Beliefs...... ,...... 151 Kajal ...... 152

WORSHIP & TEMPLE RITUALS ...... 153 Upasaka ...... 154 Upasana ...... 154 Bhavas...... 160 Sixteen (shodasha)limbs of of a deity ...... 162 Deepam (Wick lamp) ...... 163 Tim ing of lighting of the lamp ...... 164 Type of Oil used in the lamp...... 166 Certain Facts ...... 167 Importance of Wicks in the lamp...... 167 ...... 168 Prasadam ...... 170

CULTURE, ETIQUETTES & CUSTOMS ...... 171 Namaskar...... 172 Prostration ...... 175 Touching the feet of the elders...... 176 VamaBhaga ...... 177 Shikha ...... 179 16- Samskaras ...... 183 Garbhadana samskara:...... 184

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SOUL SEARCHERS-RITUALS & CULTURE OF INDIA samskara: ...... 185 Simantonoyana samskara:...... 185 samskara ...... 186 samskara: ...... 187 samskara:...... 189 samskara: ...... 190 samskara: ...... 190 Chudakarana samskara: ...... 190 Vidyarambha samskara: ...... 190 Ceremony (Thread Ceremony) ...... 191 Samavartana samskara: ...... 198 Vivaha (Marriages)...... 199 Panchamahayajna samskara:...... 204 samskara:...... 205 Sanyasa samskara:...... 205 Antyesthi Samskara ...... 205 The Pancha Mahayajnas...... 211

NATURE ...... 213 Bel () ...... 213 Belphal ...... 214 Bilva...... 214 Bel Wood...... 215 Tree...... 215 Kusha Grass ( Bipinnata) ...... 218 Neem (Azidirachta Indica)...... 219 Medicinal benefits...... 220 Peepal (Ficus Religious) ...... 222 in Peepal...... 224 Tulasi (HolyBasil) & Shalagrama ...... 226

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CONTENTS Shalagrama ...... 228 (Eloeocarpus ganitrus) ...... 229 Bargad Vriksha (Ficus Bengalensis Linn) ...... 235 Flowers...... 236 River ...... 238 Spiritual Questions...... 245 Spiritual FAQ...... 246 Tridosha...... 268 Dhatus...... 271 Vayu...... 274 Meditations...... 277 ...... 279 Fasting...... 281 Hypnotism and Mesmerism ...... 282 Power of Suggestions...... 284 Telepathy ...... 286 Clairvoyance...... 288

Narayana Verlag; 79400 Kandern Tel: 0049 7626 9749700 Except from R. Venugopalan: INDIA known things unknown secrets

R. Venugopalan India Known Things Unknown Secrets

290 pages, pb publication 2003

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