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ýC'3 0ý"' 09, , IN u3V ý5 ORAL HEARINGS 1. Statement by Mx. et the 121st mecting of the e on , 16 December 1959 Committe ...... 2. Statement by Mr. Jariretundu Kozonguizi at the Ulst meeting 10 of the Cc=ittee on South West.Africa, 16 December 1959 ...... Statement by Mr. Allard K. Lowenstein at the Ulst meeting 3 of the Cennittee on South West Africa, 16 December 1959 ...... 4. Statement by Mr. Jariretundu Kozonguizi at the 131st meeting 20 oftheCommitteeon South West Africa,5 July1560 ...... 5. Statement by Mr. Sam Nujora at the 131st meeting of the ConLmittee onSouthWestAfrica5July1960...... 6. Statement by Yx. Mburumba Kerina at the 131st meeting of the Committee on South West Africa, 5 July 1960 ...... 7. Statement by Mr. Mburumba Kerina at the 154th meeting of the Committee on South WestAfrica, 11 August1960 ...... 5t 8. Statement by Mr. Sam Eujoira at the 154th meeting of the Committee onSouthWestAfrica,11August1960...... 1/ See Official Records of the General Asseåbly, Fifteenth Session, Supplement Iýo. 12 (T/4 64 .6o-21652

.. bbmm c tn cnetjrig te tssuneo td ve dat o cuments tasO~~stWnheo the Reveten Marks Kope ...... 79 ..... a. an Teega reteivded 12 Jnoe~ 1960 from the at MichalSot Lodo. to th Chairmanc opf the mteeo So~th, West. toic 6 b. Telg eeNt mi~ed on Jly 160 rm th Re. Maku . . 79 Sertow, B echu alad, to th Sctay 19iof the. TsCommitteuesn 0othouWestAfc ..I..nj..ted. No .. , .. C. etter~ dalte 8 At 196 from Mrs.Wonithed F.t CoustnAe New rk to th Charma inTof th Commst 'e to outh West i Africa t.h .e .tr-enrl o , . . . 5 10. Peiion, byletter dated 2~ unes 1959, from Mrs.X Eika Kuhlann Peoples ~ Oransto, Whoek, Soth Wst Aica to te1 Reobth, oth We Africa totenite Nais...... 7 9. et~onbyltterate2aJ 19 f~'m e~Ip~a.V 19. Petition, by lette~r dated 28 July 1960, fromChe Hosea Kta, Swakopu , South West Africa, to the Sertr-eea . 9 1 21. Petitioan, by meorandum, undated, from the Ovainbolan Peoples Organisation, Sea Paint,' Cape Province, Union of South Afr'ica, to th eceay-eerl ...... 9 PETITIONS~L~ RAIG, ITER ALIAA, TO THE SITUATION IN THINDOE LO0CATION 22. Petitionp, by telegram recei.ved on 5 Novrember~ 1959, fro Chief Hlosea Kutako., Chief Samuel Witbopi and the Qvambolan Peaples Organisation, , South West Africa, t the Secretary-General ...... 9 235. Petition, by telegram received on 7 Noveber 1959, from Chief Hosea Kutako, Chief Samuel Witbooi and the Qvamboland Peoples Organisation, Windhoek, South West Africa, to the. Secretary-General~...... 9...... 9 93 24i. Petition, by letter dated 12 Novemiber 1959, from the Action Committee authorized to assist the Advisory Board, Windhoek, South West Africa 93 25. Petition, by letter dated 23 November 1959, from Chief Hosea Kutako, Windhoek, South West Africa, to the Adinistrator of South West Africa...... 9...... 99..9 ...... 97 26. Petition, by telegram received on 4+ December 1959', from Chief Hosea Kut ao, Chief fmuel Witbooi and the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation, Windhoek, South West Africa., to the Secretary-General 99 279. Petition, by telegram received on 11 D~ecember 1959, from Chief Hosea Kutako, Chief Samuel Wtbooil, the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation and the South West Africa National Union, Windhoek, South West frica, to the Secretary-General...... o 9 28. Petition, by telegram received on 12 December 1959, froim Chief Hosea IKutako and the Ovamboanad Peoples Organisation, Windhoek, South West Africa, to the Secretay-.General ...... 9...... 9 29. Petition, by letter dated 15 December 1959, from Mr Jariretundu Kozongsuizi, New York, to the Chairman of the 'Jommittee on South West Africa. . . . 9. . 9. . . 9...... 9...9

Page 30 Ptton, bytelgrre ceived on 15 December 1959, from Chie Hosa Kutako and the Ovamboland Peoples Organisationl, Widok, South2 West Africa, to the Secretary-General ...... 10>6 31 etition, by telgram received on 15 December 1959, from Cief HIosea Kutako, Windhboek, South West Africa, to the'~ Secretary-General...... * . ... lo6 32 Pttion, by telegram received on 15 December 1959, fr'om Chef Hosea~ Kutako,' Windhoek, South West Africa, to the Secetary-General ...... 2lo6 33e tton, by letter dated 15 Dlecembe 1959, fromi Chief H1osea Kutako, Chef Samuvel Witbooi, the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation anid the South West Africa National Union, Windhoek, South West Africa, 3.Petitio, byletter dated 22 Deeber 1959, from Chief Hosea Kutako, Cief Samuel Witbool. and the Ovamboland Peoples Organisat ion, Windhoek, Soupth West Africa., to the Secretary-General ...... log 35 etition, by telegram received on 24- Decemzber 1959, from the Re. ihael, Scott, llavrongo, Ghana, to the . . 110 36 Petition, by letter dated 29 December 1959, from Chief Hlosea Ku1tako, Cef Samuel Witbooil the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation and the South West 1 frica National Union, South West Africa., to the 37 Petition, by letter dated 2 January 1960, from Chief~ Hosea Kutako, Chiief Sael Witbooi, the Oviambolan Peoples Organisation and the South Wlest Ifrica Nation~al Union, Windhoek., So~uth~ West Africa, to te Secretary-General..* .* ...... 112 38 etition, by letter dated 21 January 1960, from Chief Hlosea Kutako, the Ovaraboland Peoples Organisation and the South West _frica National Union, Windhoek, South West Africa., to the Secretary-General 112 39. Ptition, by letter dated 22 January 19607, from Yx Mburumba K~erina, New York, to the Secretary of the Comittee on South West Africa .* 1141 4.Petition, by telegram received on 29 January 1960, from Mesrs. Matheus Andunga, 1Haimbondi Pali, Simion Shivute anid Louis Neengani, Windhoek, South West Africa, to the SecretaryGeneral1 ...... ,...* 117 i i i : ! ll i i i l iii i iii~ liiiiiiii i i~ iii~iilii iiiii i liliiliiii iiliiiiiliiiiililiiiiiii iiiiiiiiI i~ iiii~ iiii~ iili iiiiiiiilii! ii i iilI i iii iillililli ~ii lii iiliiliiii iiiiiilll!iiliiiiii iiiil~ iiiii iiiiiiiiliiiiiliiilili~ iiiiii~ ll ii iiilii ii~ ~ii~ ~ili~ iliil iiii liiiiiili iiliii ii ii lllii!i i i ii ii i liiii i!i i ~ li i i ii ~ ~~ ii 1 iii i i!!i i ii ~ i~ i i i i i i !! ! !! i ii i!i i i ! i1 i i i i ~ i i~ i !!i i ! ii ~ i i ii i ! !~ iii i i ii i i~ i i Ai !i ii ii iiii !iii ii il iii l o... t.. h...... A fi...... 7 42. Petition, by telegram received on 68 Marh 1960,1 from the Rev. Mchael Scott, Accra, to~ the Chairmani of the Committee an~ South West Africa, ...... 17 43. Petition, by letter dated 25 July 1960, from Chief Hosea Kutako,, Windhoek, South West A frica, to the Secretary-General..4 . ... l17 44 Petition, by letter dated 23 July 1960, from the South West Africa Peoples Organisation, Windhoek~, South West A4frica, to the Secretary.Genea1...... * 1 45. Petition,, by letter dated 2 Augu.st 1960, from Mr. , President, South West Africa Peoples Organisation, New York~, to the Chairman of the Committee on South West 1 Africa . , . . 119 PETITIONS RELATING, INTER ALIA, TO TIE REMOVAL OF THE, NATIVE LOCATION AT WALVIS DAY 46. Petition, by letter dated 11 Novembher 1959, from the Ovamboland. Peoples Organisation, Walvis Bay, South West Africa, to the Secretary-General...... l23 PETITIONS RELATING, INTER ALIA, TO COEDI'TIODS IN OVP IBOLAND 47. Petition, by letter dated 3 March 1960, from the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation, Windhoek, Sou~th West Africa, to the Secretary-General...... 125 48>. Petition, by letter dated 7 July 1960, from Mr. Sam Naujoma, President, South West Africa Peoples Organisation, and Mr. M. Kerina, New York., to the Chira of the Committee on South West Africa. . . 131 PETITIONS ELATING,, INTER ALIA, TO THE HOACIIANAS NATIVE RESERVE 49. Petition, by letter dated 13 August 1959, from the Rev. Markus IKoer, South West Africa, to the United Nations ...... * 15 50. Petition,, by letter dated 25 Janiuary 1960, from Mr. J. flausab and others, Hoachanas, South West Africa, to the United Nations,. . . . 167 51. Petition, by letter dated 16 May 1960,, from the Rev. M~arkus Kooer, Serowe., Bechuanaland,, to the United Nations . . . . ., . . . . . * 170 A

Pae6 Par-e PEIIONS RELATING, INTER. ALIA, TO GENERAL CONDITIONS IN TE 52 Petition, by telegram received on 26 January 1960, from Messs. G. Deklerk, W. Van Wyk, 11.0. Beukes end T. Bezuidenhout, R1ehoboth~, South West ffrica, to the Committee on, South We~st 'f'rica . .* ...... *..9...... 180 53 Peti~tion, by telegram~ received on 2 February 1960, from S. Bleukes,VS--' R~ehoboth, South West Africa, to the Committee on South T'est Africa 180 54 Petition, by latter dated 16 February 1960, from members of the Advisory Board of the Rehoboth Comunity and others, Rehoboth, Jouth West Africa, to the 'South West Africa Comrmittee ...... 180 55 Petition, by letter dated 2 Varch 1960, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United N~ations ...... 182 56 Petition, by letter dated 18 May 1960, from Mr. Jacobus Beukos, Rehoboth, South West Africa,, to the United Nat ions ...... 183 57.(! Petition, by letter dated 12 June 1960, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations ...... 18 PETITIONS EIATING, INTER ALIA, TO THE IMPRISONMENT OF M.TOIV0 JA-TOIVO 5. Petition, by telegram received on 10 August 1959, from the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation, Windhoek, South West Africa, to the Secretry-General ...... 188 59 Petition, by letter dated 25 September 1959, from Chief Hiosea Kutako Windhoek, South West Africa, to the Secretrv.-General...... 188 PITIOrS RELATIN~G,, INTER ALIA, TO THE RETURN OF HEREROS INT BECHUANALAND TOSOUTH W ,EST AFRICA 60 Ptition, by letter dated 22 November 1959, from~ Chief' P. Kaharanyo, aehithwe,, Bechuanaland., to the United Nations . . . . * . . . 199 61 Petition, by letter dated 1 January 1960, from Mr. Kamue David Kavaa, Sehithwe, Bechuanaland, to the Secretary of the Committee on South20 vjest 1fric . ..t.t.t . .t . .9 . . .tft ft ...... * 0 ~ ~~i!ii ~i i~i ii iii~~i iii~~~ !iiii!!iiiiiiiiiiilliiiii~'iii~~iiiii~iiii~i% iiii~iiiii !i iiiiiiiiii% i~!iiiiiii~~~i~~~~i~4 -i!~iiiiii~~~!ii!~~ii~~~~i~iii!ii~!ii i i~ii~~i~ ii~ii!!iiii~i!iii~iii!i iii!!~ii~i~~i!i~~~ii~~i iiiiiiii

Eng iiiilish!i Pag PETITION EEQUESTING A SCHOLAESHIP 62. Petition, by letter dated 23 February 1969, from Mr. AL. ., Sibetta, Katima Mission School, Eastern Caprivi Zipfel, South West Africa, to the United Nations Secretariat ...... 20 PETITIONS RELATING, INTER ALIA, TO A DISPUTE, CONCERNING CHURCH MATTERS IN THE REHOEOTH COMMUNITY 63. Petition, by telegram received on 27 August 19/59, from Mr. Jaciobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa to the United 64~. Petition., by letter dated 15 September 1959, from Mr.~ Jacobus Beks Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations . . . . . o 65. Petition, by telegram received on 18 September 1959., from M.Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations21 66. Petition, by telegram received on 25 Septembher 1959, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa,, to the United Nations 21 67. Petition, by telegram received on 2 October 1959, from Kr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations 212 68. Petition, by telegram receoved on 20 October 1959, from 1r. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations 212 69. Petition, by telegram received on 50 October 1959, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West -Africa, to the United Nations 212 70. Petition, by telegram received on 4i November 1959, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Reho~both, South West Africa, to the United N~ations 213 71. Petition, by letter dated 9 November 1959, from 1r.' Jacobus Beukes,' Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations ...... 21 72. Petition, by telegram received on 10 November 1959, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations 216« 73. Petition, by letter dated 22 November 1959, from Mr.. Janobus Beukes,. Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations ...... 21 74. Petition, by telegram received on 27 November 1959, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations 219 75. Petition, by letter dated 22 February 1960, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, 'South West Africa, to the United Nations ...... , 2 ¢ il~i i ii!li~ii~ lii!i!~ iiii i ilii l!iii~ i iiiil!! ;] ] ; i~ i iii i~ lill~ i~ = lii~ ~ii i!i!!!!iii!i~ iili~ii~ iii i~ !i:ii~ il i ii~ iiiilii!i ( Pagage 6. Petition, by letter dated 19 March 1960, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, hoboth, Soth West Africa, to the Secretary-General...... 231 Petition, by telegram redetivedo D9 April 1960, from Wr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West' Africa, to the SecretaryG r a ...... 232 7.Petition, by letter dated 23 July 1960, from YMr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehoboth, South West frica, to the United Nations ...... 232 PETITONS RELATING TO THE BE-ENTRY OF THE REV. MICH~AEL S1COTT INTO SOUT WET AFRICA 7.Petition. by letter datedi 7 June 1960, from the Rev. Michael Scott, London, to the Chairman of the Committee on South West Africa . . 2 26 8.Petition, by latter dated August 1960, fromi the R1ev. Michael Scott, London, to the Chairman of the Committee on South West Africa ..* 257 (03TJIATIONS RELATINIG TO SOUTH WS AFRICA 8.Letter dated l14~ October 1959 from Firs. Ada Patterson-Kuln, Fort Victoria,' Southern Rhodesia, to' the' Secretary' of 'he Security'24 Council...... 2 8.Letter dated 26 October 1959 from Wr. Jariretundu Kozonguizi,, 4 New York, to the Chairman of the Committee on South West Africa . . .1+ 83 $tatement ma~de in New York on 11 November 1959 by Mr. Le'onard~ Gebliel, 24 Oambo contract labourer from South West Africa . . . . . 9 8.Telegram received on 10 January 1960 from the Presidum of the Soviet Afroasian Solidarity Committee,' Moscow, to the SecretaryGeneral ...... 248 4~v j5", "1.4" : {i)!'' '

ORAL HE.ARINGS 1. Statement by Mr. Mburumba Kerina at the 121st meeting of the Committee on South West Africa, 16 December 1959 2~/ A grave and critical situation~ exists in our country. This situation requires immediate and decisive action by the United Nation~s. It is for this reason that we have requested an oral hearing before this Committee, with the hope that immediate action will be taken. The United Nations can no longer countenance the appealling behaviour of th South African1 Government in the international territory of South West Africa. W have stated here repeatedly and seemingly to deaf ears that there is a limit toth suffering to which the people of South West Africa~ can be compelled to adjust. W have now reached that limit. This is the end of our tolerance of midnight arrests unjustified imprisonment, forced labour, removal from our traditiona]l lands andth imposition of the alien doctrine of by morally diseased alien grou~pswh cannot respect our humanity. The cold-blooded killing of our people by the South African troops and the declaration of a state of emergency are not only an effort to suppress and victimize our people but also a deliberate measure of intimidation against our' people's demand that our territory be placed under United Nations trusteeship. Our people have been told time and again by the South African Government that the United Nations will ,not do anything to help them, most recently by Mr. Van der Wath, who spoke here of the benevolent intentions of the South African Government in South West Africa. The Foreign Minister of the Union of South Afr-ca, NMr. Louw, has even gone to the length of charging that the United Nations is responsibl~e for the present state of affairs in South West Africa. It is for not having taken action long ago to prevent this inevitable consequence of South Africa' s flagrant violation of the very principles of this Organization. It is a fact that violec was provoked by trigger-happy Boer police and not by our people in these recent outbreaks. It is' also a fact, that the massacre of our peo~ple by Union troops an~d the continued bloodshed which will follow as long as South Africa is present in ou land must be faced responsibly by this Organization. The time has come for the United Nations to examine the platitudes and distortions of truth spoken by the representatives of the Union of South Africa a the United Nations. The Union Government systematically uses these fabrication Mr.Keraals asweedquestions put to hi ymmes ofteComte a ti % iliiii t heiiiiiiiiiiii~ 1 2 1 stiiiiiiii!iiiiiil a ndiiiiiii 1 22in d ~ m e e t i n gsi ( s eeiiiiiiiii A /AiCiiiiiiiiiiiili ii -73i/ ii iiii SR .1 2 1 a n d 1 2 2 ).i iiiiii~ii~ii 1ii iiii i iiiii~ii ~i i iiiiii~l iiiiiiii 1 111 iii ~iiiiii !!iiiiiiiiiiiiiii the United ations to disguise its real intentions in South West Africa. The cren~t actions of the South African Government are as much a test of the United Nions ability to act to prevent them as they are a demonstration of strength and act of intimidation of our people. What has happened in South West Africa points up the urgency of the need for a compulsory judgement of the International Court of Justice in this case. Fu~rther, Srequires the direct intervention of the Security Cou ncil. If there is any act to be called a threat to international peace and security, the deliberate slaughte~r of innocent people in an international territory of South st Africa i that act. And the fact that it is accomplished by efforts of aliens wohave persistently shown absolute contempt for every principle of' the United tions reinforces the fact. The people of South West Africa have lived for many years under this reign of terror. The present crisis is only the inevitable conclusion of what our conditions .he been and will continue to be as long as South Africa has any authority over us iSouth West Africa. What we demand beore the United Nations is not just the end of' this madness and the restoration of law and order, but we demand that immediate steps be taken to effect the imediate excpulsion -- and I repeat: expulsion -- of the South African overment from our territory. I appeal to the Committee on South West Africa to Sthe following steps immediately and simultaneously: first, that the Committee reust the Secretary-General to visit South West Africa with a view to studying the tuation and to report back at an early date; secondly that the Committee inscribe t question of the crisis in South West Africa on the agenda of the Security Council for its immediate consideration and action. We have also been authorized by our people to seek help from whatever source it is available. For ten years we have mfaintained absolute faith in the United Nations ada hope that it would rescue us from this bondage. This is the final test of our fith in the United lNations. 2.Statement by MJr. Jariretundu IKozonguizi at the la1st meeting of~ the Committee on South West Africa,. 16 December 1959 ,/ Mr Chairman, I thank the Committee through you for once more granting me this ,hering. Mr oznuizi als o answered questins put to him by members of the Crmttee atth 21t n 12n eeins(se /C.3/R12 ad12)

~~ ~ ~ ~ nl sh it ts @ Page 11 On 1 May of this year I told this Committee that Windhoek Location wasante issue which would create a very explosive situation in South West Africa in th future. On 12 October I told the Fourth Committee >of the General Assembly o h United Nations that the Administration was contemplating using force to movet people. The Foreign Minister of the Government of the Union of South Africa went into details, telling the Fourth Comittee that there was nothing like ana troops in Windhoek. Last Thursday the situation exploded; force was used, and troops are, at ti very hour, patrolling the street of Windhoek Location and forcing people tomoet . In a nutshell, this is what happened. On Friday, 4i December, Mr. Potgieter, with his team of municipal police ledb Constable aritz, went out to continue the forcible valuation of the house This valuation was started on 1 November after a public meeting called by . on 28 October had rejected the removal. Whilst the Location people were woaiti an answer to the objections which they had raised, the authorities commenced wi the valuation of the houses. They started with what they considered the " Weake people" -- the -women in the Damara section of the Location. Women were forced to put their thumbprints or signatures on the valuation papers. Their objections wr not heeded. Whilst this was going on, Constable Maritz went to the house of one the headmen in the Damara section of the Location and ordered him to give him the value of his house, This man asked why Constable aritz wanted this, upon which latter said that it was for removal -- that is, the house -was going to be demol1ise as he was to go to Katutura. The headman reminded Constable Yaritz that the peol had told the authorities that they -were not going to move and they had not heard from the authorities yet. In any case, the headman said, he was not going to. mov to Katutura and therefore was not going to give the value of his house. Constable lMaritz thereupon assaulted the headman, and the women who were standing by became excited and came to Mr. Potgieter, the superintendent of the Locationt ask him why Constable Maritz had to assault the headman. Mri. Potgieter simplha four of the women arrested for what he called distu~rbing the peace. So the other Damara women got together and decided that the nxt person te had to appeal to was the Administrator of the territory. They marched to the Administration's building, joined by the Herera women, where they asked to see what they called their "Father". The Aministrator ignored them and went home to "Su1idwes Afrika His" - that is the residence of the Administrato T foloedhin thereth poic were sen to dises th oe. h oe

Pae12 , whereupon they appointed Mr. Uatja Kaukuetu, Vice-President of the South West Arcan National Union, and M4r. Nathan Kbaeva, also of SWANU, to speak to the strate on their behalf. The Magistrate advised the people to agree to the r al, but when Mr. Kaukuetu pointed out that the Authorities had started valuation ut having replied to the objections which the people had raised at the meeting a which the Chief Magistrate himelf Was present -- the Magistrate said that, as fas he was concerned, there was one valid reason for their refusal, and that was t tutura was far out of town and from te places of work. He added that he was srythat this difficulty could not be ironed out earlier. He had nothing further to ay but to. advise them to move. It is significant to note that, at one point during the talk, Mr. Kaukuetu said efllowing: that he was one of the leaders of SWANU and he was airing the views o WANU, which was an organization opposed to violence and therefore "looks to vioence done by the authorities in a serious lighat". The people then organized peaceful and non-violent demonstrations, picketing boycotting of beer halls. The trouble started when two men were arrested by tepolice. Now that was last week, Thursday, 10 December. The other story I have bee relating happened on Friday, 4i December. A crowd then gathered out of curiosity admore police were sent for. The police were under Major Lombard. Then Lombard odered the crowd to disperse, upon wh~ich the Vice-President of the South West an National Union, Mr. Kaukuetu, came forward and talked to the Major. He said hat the people wanted to know why the two men had been arrested, upon which r.Lomibard replied that that was none of their business. Mr. Lombard then gave the codfive minutes in which to disperse, but Mr. Kaukuetu asked him to give more tim as the crowd as too big. Whilst the two men were still talking about the time,,one of the pblicemen d fire and the people began moving. The police followed up the shooting and t people then retaliated by resorting to stones in self-defence. The police were ing at random, In the meantime, troops were summoned and in a moment they ived there in armoured cars and helped the police. A state of emergency was then dcaed after the crowd had been dispersed and a curfew -was introduced at sunset. Sv al armoured cars were surrounding and encircling the location while some were rolling the streets. esterday a cable from Chief Hosea Kutako said that forcible removal was staringin spite of what Captain DeWitt had told a Press conference that the removal wasnotexpcte to tak plc ef ore 30Mac next year. That is the posion

A/AC. 73/3 Page 135 Now what has to be done is, in the first instance, to dissuade the Governme from removing the people. This can be done through direct intervention of the United Nations, through its Secretary-General or his representative, who can be sent to South West Africa as soon as possible. This Committee can also call upon as Mr., Kerina has already suggested, the Security Council to intervene. I must say that this is a test case for the United Nations with respect to the South African Governent. The Union of South Africa wants to test the strength of the United Nations, for she realizes that next year she will have to give a categorical reply to the United Nations. So if the United Nations fails to do anything this time, South Africa will know that the United Nations will not be able to do anything at the end of next year should she defy the United Nations or the judgement of the Court, if that is against her. In conclusion, I want to touch a little on the reasons for removing the people. It is said that in the new location the health of the people will be much ensured. Would not one rather wonder why people who are so much concerned about the health and life of the African people in their location should suddenly decide to end that very life which they want to save 5o much by removing people to so-called better conditions? People would rather let other people die from lack of light in a hut or from lack of fresh air in a hovel rather than murder them. Should we call this mercy killing? Is not this cold-blooded savage murder? Are these the people to whom international authority entrusts people? This killing was planned. The Government knew that the people did not want to move. The Government newspaper Die Suidwester had this to say in a big headline after the public meeting to which I already referred and at which the people made it clear that they were not going to move: "Removal of location attacked". The first paragraph reads as follows: "The impending removal of the Windhoek Location was strongly attacked this week at a public meeting in the Location by a number of Africans. They described the move as something which would cause trouble and lead to expenses and which is done merely to implement the A artheid laws of the Government." The newspapers and the authorities did not deny this. In the Cape Times of 5 October 1959, a correspondent from Windhoek of .that paper had approached the local authorities and reported that a man from the local authorities in Windhoek had confirmed that the people of the location had refused to move. So the authorities knew very well that the people were not ad to move nd they forcibly started the evacuation of their houses. In end the situation exploded, and that is where we are today. A state of eegency exists at the moment in South W,,est Africa and the authorities are mkg use of that state of emergency to remove the people forcibly. My friends an ,on behalf of the people of South West Africa, would very much like to se imediate action taken by the United Nations, or by anyone who can take a on, to save our people from this destruction by the brutal people of the i of South Africa. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. . Statement by Mr. Allard K. Lowenstein at the 121st meeting of the Committee on Sou,.th West Africa, lb December 1959 4i/ Thank you, Mr Chairman, for the privilege of appearing before this rittee. I am distressed to impose once more on your time, and I do so only bcse I feel that my two colleagues, who were not able to be here today, and mysef, have first-hand information from the location in -Vindboek that bears ctly on the crisis which has come into being in the last few days. I would very briefly a statement as it will appear in the corrected summary record fo my testimony before the Fourth Comittee earlier this fall in order to tie ether the comments that I would like to submit to you this morning. "Mr. Lowenstein said that the situation in South West Africa was more explosive than was thought. That did not mean that the indigenous inhabitants were ready to revolt, or that any responsible 'frican leaders believed in violence as their means of seeking a change in Government. On the contrary, the last words of Chief Hosea Kutako to the United States petitioners before their departure had been an eloquent plea for love and peace.* But the indigenous inhabitants seemed as determined to oppose the plans for removing them from Hoachanas and from the Windboek location, as the Union Government seemed bent on carrying them out. It had already been necessary to use force to remove one man from Uoachanas. A minor incident could be sufficient to push some Africans toward an explosive protest, for there was a growing feeling that they had nothing more to lose. "It would be wrong, therefore, to dismiss: the possibility of violent outbreaks, for which the international community would bear the responsibility owing to its failure to bring sufficient pressure on the Union Government to live up to its sacred trust." (A/Ci 'sR.911, para. 46) 4/ Mr. Lowenstein also answered questions put to him by memabers of the Committee at tlhe 121st and 122nd meetings (see A/AC .75/SR. 121 and 122).

A/AC .73/3 English Page 15 The events that took place over the week-end and that are now still in train of coercion, are not events that surprise the few of us who were in the Windhoek Location last summer. I spent many hours with members of the Windhoek Advisory Council and other leaders of the .indhoek Location. And while it now seems quite plain that it would be foolhardy to enter their names into the record of the United Nations at this stage, I should like to bring some word of the conversations that we held at that time. In the first place, the feeling against removal from the Windhoek Location was so unanimous that even the nominated members of the Advisory Council Africans who had been appointed by the South African Goverilent as the elected representatives - had opposed the intention to remove the people from Location. Even these nominated members had made clear that they could not support the effort to remove the people from Location. We talked about "riotous" opposition being so unanimous. Certainly, the conditions of life in the Location are appalling. I think it would be fair to say that many Western people who have lived in comfort much of their lives would not as readily perhaps make the kind of sacrifice of havng a less squalid living condition offered to them merely to uphod what are the fundamental principles of human liberty, as the people in the Windhoek Location had shown they were willing to do. Because, there is no question that the new Location is cleaner and less crowded than the old Location. But there are several things about it that make it unacceptable to the people of the old Location, almost to a man. In the first place, the Location to which the people are to be removed is to be governed by a set of rules which make it more nearer a prison than a home to the African people. And these people live today almost as if in a prison. And to give up their last vestiges of freedom of movement by moving to a new place that would be governed by a central police station, in or out of which no one could go without passing first through a police official who would check passes, where crimes by law-would be prohibited for living together - and as this Committee knows - would be separated by large buffer strips, to go to a place where children might not, under conditi ns that would suggest family life, be able to live with their families, and go to a Location in which at all times all people would be under the thumb of a

Pae16 s v1sory au'thoty which has repeatedly demonstrated its hostility to human feedm and to the status of human beings of the peoples who live in ation. To do all this, to accept these rules and to move into this, as the eople here at present, is simply because it may be leas uncomfortable, w an offer that was not acceptable to the people of this Location in their e of freedom and in their desire to live as human beings. It needs also to be mentioned, as the Rapporteur has done, that some of these pepe actually have freeholds, and in the case the new Location, this would n be possible. But the rents in the new Location would be higher and the inreased cost of. living manifested not only in the rents but also. in the. e to take public transport to and from work, because of the greater tance from work of the new Location, presaged hardships of living in the nomic area that were difficult for the people to 'see any sense in undertaking. "Why" they kept asking "is it necessary, if the interest is in our living c itions to move us many miles from work? Why can't our living conditions improved by giving us better wages, by giving us the opportunity to earn eough money to own our own homes and our own property where we would like to le, where we are near our work, where we are near town, where we are in a position to mingle freely among ourselves?" Furthermore, as one of the leaders in the Windhoek said: "You know, we just don't believe that in our own country we should be subject to being thrown out of our own homes, no matter how much we are opposed to this action, even if we were wrong in opposing it, e if our judgement is non-accurate. It is, after all, our homes and our ives and our country. And, we will not allow a minority group, because of brute force, to send us off to a place to which we don't wish to go." Having said that about some of the reasons for the tenacity and unanimity of the people of the Windhoek Location in opposing the threat to removing them, Iwanit to talk for a few minutes about the spirit of these people because tto,seems to me an important of what this Committee should know in its eluation of the situation now in existence. I suppose it would be difficult for people who are not armed to contemplate armed revolt. But, I would testify to the fact that in these unarmed people there is no spirit for ,violence, but as I1 said at the Fourth Ccaiftee mecet-Ing, the leadership is universally a leadership of peace, of love, of patience, and that the rank and file, respecting and understanding this spirit, in the long period of their difficult status, have never attempted, however clandestinely, to organize for violent opposition. These unarmed peaceful people, denied the right to vote, denied the right even for their Advisory Council's opinion to be respected, however unanimous, denied the right to have a normal inter-change of ideas with persons of the dominant race, asked me "How can we protest against what we are all against and be effective? What method is left to us? How do we indicate to the world that we don't want to be forced to leave our homes and that we want to oppose this with ever non-violent means that we can find?"t I suggested to them a number of things which I think many of them had already thought of. I think it is important for this Committee to see how the conversations that we held last summer might bear on the events of this past week; because in the depth of their desire not to oppose removal violently, alternative plans were perceived and discussed. One is the idea that economic pressure, such as it is, in a people who live in such economic severity, be brought to bear. And this idea of economic pressure was behind the theory that by boycotting some of the municipal so-called services, the feel ings of the African people would have to be taken into account with no violence, and that their feelings would be clear. There was discussion of sending thousands of postcards to the United Nations to indicate the depth of the feelings of the rank and file in the Location. There was discussion of having signs painted which could be held aloft and put on streets and on houses. There was discussion, which was particularly pathetic because of the difficulty of implementing it, but it was a fact that I submitted, and my friends in the Windhoek Location took seriously to heart, that objective white people in Windhoek should at all times be notified that protest rallies were to be held all through the (inaudible) river dam, so that clergymen and journalists, and perhaps a few of the more transigent, and thus less afraid white liberals, such as they are, could be present to see what happened so that there would be an account available of a conscientious, objective source.

A/AC .73/3 Page 18 I say it was a difficult point because it was so hard for the African people to think of who they could get who would fill this role, much as they would have liked to have found people that would. Of course, in the actual events, there was not time to even seek out such people even had they been available. But I say that in this discussion, in many hours of talk, under the most squalid and difficult conditions of terror and of poverty, there was never the spirit of violence, there was never the intent to seek uays of killing or hurting a white man here or there, or of making clear, through the use of force, the almost unanimous feeling of the people of Windhoek location. As we finished our discussions, I remember one African from the Windhoek location saying to me: "You understand that we will never resort to force, and you understand that therefore we will never have success in opposing what is being done to us, unless we can expect from the outside world that there will be help, admiration and interest in our plight as non-violent people trying to hold on to what is left of their homes and their rights". In the process of our discussions, T also stumbled on some interesting facts, that I mention now because I think that they bear looking into by this Committee. In the first place, we were informed reliably this was a reason that came not from the African people but from Europeans that mass evictions to the new location were not contemplated for perhaps a year and a half because of the fact that the new location was not equipped at that stage, and would not be for some time in the future, with sufficient water. Now I am interested to know how many people will be evicted, not because the principle is more apparent with the increase in numbers, but because there come into question serious doubts in my mind - in the event that the situation is not dramatically changed since last sumer - that the people, if any substantial number are moved, will be able to survive for very long in so-called better conditions if the water supply in the new location is as limited as was indicated. It was also suggested to me that one of the methods that would be conceived by the Government to assist in the process of forcing the movement was to cut off the water and the electricity in the old location. I mention this because I think we must watch in the next few days and weeks to see whether the intent ......

A/AC .73/3 English Page 19 of the Government is such that it is willing to resort, in the name of humanity - as it keeps saying to the world - to tactics quite out of the pale of human comprehension. This Committee knows what happened last weekend and I will not burden it with repeating that. But I do want to say that after considering the reasons that the African people feel so universally that they do not want to move, in the spirit of that opposition to removal, and the methods that were discussed first-hand with them last summer of ways in which their protest could be effected and not violent, after considering these things, I suggest, Sirs, that you weigh also the question of what any Government worthy of being the sacred trustee of civilization would do to a group of unarmed people, even if they were protesting illegally under the South African law against the removal of their homes. I submit that you might fire over their heads; I sulmit that you might use tear gas. I submit that neither of these things would be justified in South West Africa for the a priori reasons that we discussed before this: that the people have the right to protest against decisions they do not believe are in their best interests. But even if we forget that point, surely any Goverment which fires into a crowd, and fires bullets and not tear gas, which uses the merest pretexts to kill and to wound, is not a Government which should be taken seriously in protestations of the desire to find suitable solutions to the tensions caused by its maladministration of its sacred trust. Therefore, I would conclude by urging on this Committee the point of view that was expressed by the petitioners previously, as havin- now become far more urgent, far more poignant and far more immediate in its importance: first, that the matter must be submitted to the International Court, under compulsory jurisdiction as authorized by the appropriate resolution, for the specific purpose of being quite sure that if the South African Government stays in South West Africa any longer, it stays there admittedly,by naked force, as it has demonstrated it is willing to use, and not as the sacred trustee of all of u.s Second, that this present crisis, a crisis in human relations as grave in its import as crises in other parts of the world, although this time removed from the central stage of world affairs by geography and by isolation, imposed by

-he United Nations and the South West Africa i "presence" to South West Africa and by putting if it refuses to allow this presence to come, to African people, away from Government officials and for itself the spirit of the mandated Territory, se interest the sacred trust is to be administered; t these steps do not produce a change in the vernment, that the Security Council be requested his threat, not only to the human rights of the to peace on the African continent and to the e and human progress in a world in which so many may not again occur to stand up united, despite de of justice and right in a Territory so clearly Kozonguizi at the 131st meeting of the Committee 1960 .27 ossible for me, once more, to address this Committee West Africa. I intend to devote my entire petition of Inquiry into the occurrences in the Windhoek mber 1959 and into the direct causes which led to irmanship and sole membership of Mr. Justice Hall, rica. t followed a very familiar pattern nowadays in ent actions, whether they be good or bad, have to nces. Understandably this Commission had all the disgusting superficiality, prejudice embarked on of its terms of reference designed to evade the Le disturbances on the authorities. The findings ito the direct and immediate causes of the tion on the night of 10 December 1959 are fantastic, I questions put to him by members of the Committee .ngs (see A/AC.73/SR.132 and 133). /... the course of events leading to the occurrences have been c suit the stand of the Union Government and its Foreign MiniE med the United Nations for the disturbances. The Commissiol to save the face of the local authorities and to justify p( dinal finding in the report is that the disturbances were ii report specifically mentioned that the disturbances were il itioners to the United Nations, allegedly in an attempt to 1 resentation to the world. But all evidence, including that Commission, indicates that the violence was premeditated bal authorities through Major Lombard and Mayor Jaap Snyman what Mr. Hall, whose political views are not unknown in Sou y in regard to Africans but in settler politics as well in [nd, the responsibility lies squarely not only with the muni Ldhoek but also with the Administration of South West Africa the Union of South Africa. It is incumbent upon us here to say a word or two about v Hall is well known to South West Africa not only as a judE f-appointed expert on South West African history, in which distort the history of South West Africa. His failure as a 3 elevation to the Bench -- not to say anything about his bE tirement to be appointed Judge President of the Supreme Coui rica -- is a well-established political fact in legal circlE rica. Even now his political escapades are a source of con( pulation in South West Africa. Only last month the Suidwes m to resign from the Bench or to pack and go back to the Un' he should continue to agitate for a republic in South West ter Mr. Hall had made several speeches for the incorporatioi to the Union of South Africa and the Republic. Mr. Hall ha om the rostrum of the South African Parliament, by men like .o completely disagreed with his findings in the report. Th ivernment entrusted with the inquiry into the causes of the st Africa last December. There is nothing more revealing a Ln than the two last sentences in the report: e report, gives a distorted account of the events leading to ie night of 10 December in the Windhoek Location. He rds all the evidence which shows that the opposition to the t, as has been alleged by the local authorities, in goes back to the time when the plans for the Location were early as 1947, plans were being formulated "to improve the the residents of the Windhoek Location"; but nothing was done t Party was returned to power by South Africa's White ad 1953. In 1954 the administration of the Africans in s surrendered to the South African Department of Native oerd, who was then the Minister of Native Affairs, immediately Licy of apartheid as applied to the Union of South Africa was iuth West Africa. Dr. Verwoerd stated in Parliament: t be a buffer strip of at least 500 yards wide between the ial area and that of any other racial group. No development I be allowed in the buffer strip." Windhoek Location was to go and a new one was to be established e distance from the capital of White South West Africa. When here was going to be a removal, the Africans in the Windhoek given the Windhoek Council assurance of co-operation in any improve their living conditions at the site where they lived still living. The question of removal had not been raised a question of building new houses. But, Dr. Verwoerd having in Parliament, having taken over the administration of the st Africa, his word was to override that of the local he ruled that the Location was to go and that the new one d about eight miles out of town. F ~ ~ iled, and in ?ctions to t. Apparently no resnonsp )rity. E, to the m s of the ions were Lsal of 3hips the ;st other would o be considerably higher, and that the distance at which ituated from their places of work would compel the people tich their wages were far too low to permit. Indeed, the ..ing in the old location walked to their work because thE or transport. To any request for higher wages the Admini eply was that it could not force employers to pay more th aying. It was specifically stated that the Africans were mprovement but to apartheid. Said one correspondent to T1 should not be s bai, atmei or plan this inh- en the press raised the matter in one of the Mayoral press conferences, but -or of the town dismissed their objections as mere propaganda of the er Kaffers (kaffir loafers). This immediately incensed African opinion and ss was flooded with letters attacking the Mayor's irresponsible statement laring that the Africans would never agree to move. Editorials in the lso regretted the "unfortunate" statement of the Mayor and appealed to him nge a meeting with the Location residents where the issue might be bly discussed. meeting was held on 27 November 1958. Present at the meeting were members Advisory Board and members of the Committee of Advisors to the Board; the Jaap Snyman; the Superintendent of the Locations, Piet de Wet; and the Lreas Commissioner of the Native Affairs Department, Mr. Van der Wath. der Wath spoke on behalf of the Administration and gave the following as for their intention to move the people: ie living conditions in the Location were appalling; the health of the left much to be desired; there was little light in their huts and no fresh tsoever; the living conditions had a bad effect on the working capacity of )ple; the result is that many workers were able to do only a half day's work and such people could not expect to be paid higher wages; the new site was because there was room for expansion, and, moreover, the future industrial ' the town would be located near the new , so that workers would be ieir places of work. The rents would be higher, but the 100 per cent ment in health facilities and other services justified the increase. The could request a reduction in rents if their income account showed a big s. The rents would be £1.19.6 a month, whilst those who purchased their would only pay £1 for the services. The meeting was continued on ember 1958. he then Superintendent of Locations stated that the people were to be bo facilitate the implementation of the Government's apartheid policy. He n said that the Advisory Board had consented to the removal. On ember 1958 a public meeting was held at the Windhoek Location at which the s of the Advisory Board, one by one, publicly denied having consented to

Pas their removal. On 21 January a meeting was held where Mr. Piet de We clear once more that the decision to move the people was taken unilat, Administration and the local authorities. This the Advisor Board reresidents of the Location, who decided unanimously that they were not move. That was the position in February 1959 when I left South West What happened after this is contained in a report sent to us froi Africa. The position was such that I had to state before this Commit in May, that the situation in the Windhoek Location was explosive. 7 authorities had commenced erecting houses in the new site and apparenbeen decided that whether the people agreed or not, they were going ti Information from very reliable sources reached us that the Gover] the Union of South Africa and the Administration cf South West Africa contemplating the use of guns and bulldozers to move the people to thl Location, should they refuse to go. On 4 October 1959, the Location Superintendent called a meeting Herero Location not to discuss removal as such but to appoint the repof the people on the Evaluation Board for houses in the old Location. people seized this opportunity to re-emphasize their oft-repeated opp( their removal. On 12 October 1959 I told the Fourth Committee of the General Asi United Nations that the Administration of South West Africa was contel use of force to move the people to the new Location. In a last bid to sound out the opinion of the Location residents. Location Superintendent, Mr. Potgieter, called a meeting. Present at were Mr. Hager, Chief Magistrate of Windhoek; Bruwer Blignaut, Chief I Commissioner for South West Africa; Jaap Snyman, Mayor of Windhoek; P: Manager of the Municipal Native Affairs Department; Mr. Van der Wath, Commissioner in the Native Affairs Department, and Major du Preez, th( Special Branch or the political section of the South African Police West Africa and now head of the Criminal Investigation Department in Africa, and other officials. This meeting was attended by a crowd of 3,000 and 4,000 location residents. The press was present and it was the Location residents, through their representatives, explained unami the newspapers in Windhoek unanimous. reported on 31 October 1959 aboul de to realize that they were maki ay that the time had come for thE The editorial ended by saying ck. Apart from the newspaper ,ere opposed to the removal. The orter of The New York Times, thai mes of 5 November 1959 reported had said that the people in the ut the reply of the Administrati( was threats through their romise to Mr. Bracker that the Johannes van der Wath's statemet idon the scheme -was unthinkable. evaluation of houses forcibly in 'his evaluation was started in thE -ced, against their will, by signatures to documents. It wa Ly as to expose blatantly the SDamara women, on Friday, -h West Africa, Daan Viljoen, but editorial -iows the c( -lis. come to the contents of the report, we find that there is no connexion, !ged by Mr. Hall, between the removal and the violence of the police, the were out to make those who did not listen feel. Those who did not listen ose who demonstrated against the removal. .ere is no evidence to link the petitioners at the United Nations with the of the evening of 10 December. Most of the people, who, according to the were in correspondence with the petitioners at the United Nations, were sent at the scene -- For example, Mr. Nujoma and Mr. Kapuuo. As for vo, he lives in Ovamboland and had nothing to do with the Location removal. ho were there -- for example, Mr. Muundjua -- Major Lombard himself d, were prepared to help to disperse the crowd. It is thus left to ge to support his allegation that the crowd had come there for violence instructions of their leaders, who had been advised by the petitioners United Nations. en, again, from the list of casualties we find that most of those people thing to do with politics or with the petitions at the United Nations. it, therefore, that the conclusion of the Commission is false. would like at this juncture to deal with specific points in the report re either inaccurate or completely false. have already referred to the distorted analysis on page 5 of the report ts leading to the disturbances. While it was submitted in evidence by the al authorities that the Location Advisory Board consisted of six appointed opeans and six elected non- Europeans, Mr. Hall says in his report that the onsists of six non-Europeans representing the inhabitants and six is appointed by the Council. e 1955 letter addressed to Dr. Verwoerd by the Advisory Board did not ask Mr. Hall alleged, to use his influence to expedite the removal, but to living conditions in the old Location. 1957 the Board did not accept Katutura as the site of the Location. This ided by the local authorities. I have already quoted what Mr. de Wet 1, and I am prepared to quote from the minutes of the Advisory Board anytime -- the official minutes of the municipality of Windhoek. Other of the Advisory Board have already denied this publicly. I... A/AC .73/3 Eng-i sh Page 29 We have already quashed the conclusion that there was no opposition to thE removal before September 1959. But in addition we should perhaps mention that the Editor of The Windhoek Advertiser, Daan Minnaar, has mentioned in his column "Main Street" that he will be prepared to produce evidence of the lettel written in opposition to the removal by the residents of the Location. As far as the letters quoted as originating from petitioners are concerned the parts quoted out of context either had nothing to do with the removal or, where the removal was mentioned, the letters had nothing to do with the events of 10 December. Letters quoted from Mr. Kerina to Messrs. Toivo and Kapuuo had nothing to do with the removal. No suggestion of bolstering the representation at the United Nations by refusing to move to the new Location can be found in those letters. The letter to Mr. Nujoma which mentioned the removal is dated 9 December, which means it could have been posted on 10 December in New York, t very day on which the disturbances took place. And this letter seems to be the basis of the Commissioner's findings. The letters which are quoted as originating from me seem to have struck Mr. Hall with the cordiality of the salutations: e.g. "I salute you", "hearty congratulations", "Dear Comrade". Therefore,,nothing in these letters can be said to have anything to do with the removal. The statement that Mr. Kerina was the author of the plan to form the South West Africa National Union is completely false. Yx. Kerina had nothing, and st has notbing, to do with the South West Africa National Union.. He is not even a member and I do not think he has even seen the Constitution of SWPNU. The report says that Mr. de Wet told the inquiry that the rents had not be fixed and that, therefore, the peoples objections were not justified. In fact, the rents had been fixed and this was conveyed to the people at a meeting addressed by Mr. Wan der Wath of the Native Affairs Department and Mr. de Wet himself, the minutes of which meeting I have in my possession. In fact, the rent has now been fixed at a minimum of no less than E2 and the bus fares have been increased while the wage struggle still continues between the municipality Windhoek, the Administration of Windhoek and the employers of labour. Recently Town Council rejected a proposal to review the Katutura regulations. Many of t who have moved have begun to feel the pinch even before they have been I in entirety. This has come to the notice of some employers, apparently, now trying to get something done about them. They proposed and -lor Levinson tabled it before the Council, but the Counil rejected it. want now to show what actually lies in store for the people in Katutura. .s we want to put on record to bear witness for us in the future when the and army will be shooting people, this time in Katutura to maintain law and by making reference to the effects of removals elsewhere under the ient of Bantu Administration and Development. Removals have been carried are planned in the following areas: Johannesburg, Cape Town, Durban, -a, Pieter Maritzburg, Benoni, Barkpan, Boksburg, Nigel, Dundee, and )ntein. In all these cases, as in Katutura, the Government provides only .c loan funds, i.e. for African housing. Africans themselves pay interest loan and also over a period of years repay the State loan. They may either ;e the houses by paying monthly instalments, but not the sites on which the igs are built, or else may rent them. Iditional amounts are payable monthly towards the costs of services such as sewerage and rubbish removal, sports facilities, township administration contributions towards the building of schools. In some cases the Africans the services in full and in others they are partially met from the Services id by employers. Other local authorities subsidize these public services Le Beerhall accounts. crding to the 1958-59 Survey of Race Relations in South Africa published Institute of Race Relations, the conditions in those locations to which have already been moved are bad. It is stated that in places where people ss than £15 a month the position is acute, e.g. in Pretoria. There the ;t rents available to African families are F-25.5. Transport to and from )sts the worker more than £1 monthly. It is said that large numbers of s who cannot pay these amounts have fallen into arrears with their rents. icans -- but not for other sections of the population -- penalties may be by courts for thiQ or else the family may be summarily ejected from the

A/AC .73/3 English Page 31 Then again it stated that in the model township of Daveyton in Benoni, life has a major drawback for many of the African residents which is the increase in their living costs that has accompanied their removal from the overcrowded slum dwellings they occupied previously. The slums were near the industrial areas but now 15 per cent of the wages of many workers is spent on transport. At the same time their rents are two to three times larger than they paid before. As a result they have less money available for buying food and the incidence of tuberculosis has increased sharply. And now what is the position in Windhoek? The average wages come to 210. The transport costs will be about a per month and the rent stands at a minimumi of £2, which is more than ten times the rent they used to pay. But in Pretoria and other towns in the Union of South Africa the wages are higher than in Windhoek, which means that the situation in Katutura will be much worse than that of either Pretoria or Eave ton. That is what apartheid can beget. Poverty for the black man and prosperity for the white man. This is what the Municipality of Windhoek is determined to enforce. It is that policy, the Government and the people behind it which and whom we want to rid our country of. For the last fourteen years we have appealed to the nations of the world. But perhaps they have been too slow. But apartheid is on the march. Indeed, it has already shown the extent to which it is prepared to go to manifest itself. S I 4

.dea was accepted by the African people of the location because the new hous4 ,o be built on the same spot. However, nothing had been done until the Lalist Party came into power in 1948. In 1954 the Native Affairs Eepartment ,ansferred from the Administration of South West Africa to that of the Nativ *s Department of the Union of South Africa. In the same year the Minister o: !Affairs, Dr. Verwoerd, now the Prime Minister of South Africa, announced partheid should be extended to South West Africa and that all the locations Territory should be moved and new ones built on the basis of apartheid to -oom for the white settlers. He went on to state that the locations must be as far as possible away from the towns and that a buffer strip of about rds be maintained, that separation of ethnic groups be applied in the ;ory in the respective African locations. . Nujoma also answered questions put to him by members of the Committee at ie 132nd and 133rd meetings (see A/AC.73/SR.132 and 133).

...... 73/3 I! i~iiii : Z i ilIIII]L~iI Ii!I:=:II!Il ii=iii~~iiliii] ii~liiii+9Engiilii sh41 i iy i£ = ==! = ;;=£;; £= £ =i = ; £ £==iiI=iii= 2£i==== ii zi! ii : =: Fa ge 33i := i T he) acua faci=i====i== i...... is tha the...... poic ...... r a c ial...... d i c i in t o in =~ ...... !...... !!I...... i...... i ...... i =I I ======South=i WetAfiahaebenmr strict thanili~iiil~i iniliiiiii~~iiiiil the = ] Union % its l i nce 1954= discussions have bieen held between the Town Council and the Afirican Advisoryliiiliii!ii i=i~illilil~iiiliillii; liiilii~iii!illii~ liliiliI liiiliiliiiiiil~iii liii!!ilii ii Boardiii members££??ii!iiiiliiiiiil in iiiiinii icinliiiiiiii w2ii iiil~iil~ith the improvementi of the Windihoek location. £ 7:; iiiliiiii~iiiiii=iiii~i i However,~~iii~ii~ the! Afr i i cansliii i nii!iiiiliiiiii i theiii l£iiiiiiiiilii Windhoek i ilaioniiiiiiii accpte theiii!=£ !~iiiiiii1iiii~i~~ iii ide of location imrve e t...... the sam site and..... s t r n g l o b e c e t o...... t...... h...... e !i!!! =i i=! !!! !...... i != =ii!= !!! i F...... id e ...... the removal of ll~lii111~il th lo i o oniIliilii 28liiiiiiiiii Novemberi 1956. Theiiiilliiiiiliiiiiiiiii Superili~iiii ii iiiiiii iliil~i~i i ntendentiiliiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiii i liiiilii of i~ thei il ocati i on, Mr.P.A.= de= Wet.======<= === ,told the=,== Advisory==== Bor mebr that the=== inhabitants of ======-==== ...... theii ii !iilii~loat iiiiiii ~ is w ould i b e moved to facil itate i thei implem entat ioniii of the iiii ii iiiiii iiiiiiliiii ii i ! ii ii l !iil iliiiii iii iii iiii iiiiiil ii ii~iliii iiiii !!iiiiii~iiiiiii iiii ii llii ii iii li ii i ilii iiiii apartheiii ii iiIiii iid puiiiiiiiiili iiiiiii! i iiii l li ii iiii i iiiiiii ii lliiii iliii iiiiiiii iii i i iili !!ilili ii iiiii iiii i ilii ii liiiiiiii iii ii~lii iiiiiiillliiiii He fur h e statedi tha th ei A dviiii ioard hadi consente ...... the ...... Thi was..... denied...... b y t he...... h e...... o a r...... d o n- i { l ~ i iiii = i! : i i 30 N ov em b eri 19 58liiiiiiiii a tli a pubi!ili iiiiii i~iiii~iiiiiiilic mi e eti i+= inigiiiiiiil h eiiii ii l dliiiii ii iiiiiiiii!iii~ in~!ii~ th e W lil iiiiiiiiiiiiii iiii ii i iiiiiii ii0~i[lo a i onli iiii. i i i iiiiiiiiii =iiii Oni ...... ii...... 2 2 J a u r 1 9 5 a...... h e...... r i...... io n s , Mr .iiii de Wet at w i he mad iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii it cil ea thati the' iiiideci iii~iiiiiiiiiiiii !Iii il£ii @iiililiiiii i on to move theii ii pieiioipieiiii!iiiIii£il~ii iiii ili' I~iii!i~iiiiiiii li wa a e byiiiiii iiiii A d i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiistiition i iiiiiii i iiiaiiiidiiiiitihiii £ oiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiaiiiiiiiiioiiiiiii ieii Theiiii members oii iifliiiiii theiii~i iiiiiii Advisoryiiil Bor reportedl tiioiii theii reiet o h indhoekiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii loaton who oposd hereovl chmean wo iiii turn inifd thei auhoite that tihieyiili were ~~ no rprdt mv rmter l oain On2 coe 99apblcmeigwshl nthWidoklc in une h himnhpo r ogee ,tenewlcto ueitnet

AN .73/3 English Page 34 In November 1959, Mr. Potgieter, the location Superintendent, and the Municipal Police began to evaluate African houses in the Windhoek location. Women were forced against their -will by the municipal police to attach their fingerprints or signatures to the document which stated that every person who puts his signature on that document agrees to move to the new location. On 28 November 1959, Mr. Potgieter and the Municipal Police assaulted and arrested four women who refused to sign the documents carried by the police. About 300 women led a demonstration to the Government building and the residence of the Administrator. The latter refused to address them, and the women then went on to see the Chief Magistrate of Windhoek, -who told them that "they better prepare to move to the new location". The Magistrate also refused to release the four arrested women, who slept in jail the night before. On 29 November 1959 the women appeared before the Magistrate's Court and were fined Z3 each. On 8 December 1959 the residents of the Windhoek location organized a boycott of all municipal facilities in the location as an expression of their protest against the removal plan of their location. The municipal beer hall, cinema and bus service were affected by this boycott. On 10 December a meeting was held between the Advisory Board members under the chairmanship of Mr. de Wet, the Manager of the Municipal Native Affairs Department. Present at the meeting were Mr. Snyman, the Mayor of the Windhoek, Mr. Hager, Chief Magistrate, and Major Lombard, Deputy of the Police. Mr. Snyman, the Mayor of Windhoek, said at this meeting: "If you continue with the boycott, I will close all the municipal facilities in the location and I will not re-open them again." He further went on to state that "those who do not want to hear shall feel (Die wat nie wil hoor nie-sal voel)".-7/ Mr. Hager, on the other hand, said: "You Bantus, don't you know that the money from the beer hall, cinema and bus services are used for your benefit?" "Those who do not obey the law will be sent to the native reserves." Major Lombard, the Deputy Commissioner of Police, said: "Bantus, I give you the last warning. Go and tell your people that they must not interfere with the law. You must now play with a lion, the lion will bite you." One of the Advisory Board members, Mr. F. Tjiueza, replied that "the boycott is a protest against the pending removal of the location." Mr. Snyman immediately replied to Mr. Tjiueza: "We are not here to'negotiate anything with you people but we have come bere to warn you." Mr. Snyman and his company then walked out of the meeting. "He who will not hear must feel."

A/AC .73/3 English Page 35 Cn 10 December at about 8.30 P.m. the police arrested Mr. F. K-ujambera and three other men who were walking on the street near the Municipal Beer Hall. These gentlemen were brought before Mr. Snyman and Mr. de Wet, who were already in the Municipal Office near the Location armed with revolvers. They ordered the police to beat the three African gentlemen and throw them into jail. Mr. Kujambera was beaten half dead and thrown into custody. -Many residents of the Location saw -what happened to Mr. Kujambera and the others. They demanded the release of these men, but their request was refused. At that time more police arrived at the Municipal Office armed with machine-guns, sten-guns, rifles and pistols. More Africans came to see why the police were in the Location, as it was unusual for the European police to enter the Location at that time of the night. Yajor Lombard ordered the crowd to disperse within five minutes. Mr. Kaukuetu, Vice-President of the South West African National Union, spoke to Yajor Lombard and promised him that he -would explain the matter to the people and at the same time would persuade them to go home. While Mr. Kaukuetu was addressing the people, the police opened fire on the crowd, killing nine persons, among them a woman and child. About fifty persons were injured. At this stage the South African soldiers arrived in armoured cars, shooting at any person walking in the street. I remember that a woman by the name of Eva David was shot in the stomach while walking in the street far away from the scene of the trouble. No police were killed or'injured in this disturbance. On 11 December the South African Police and troops patrolled the whole Location, threatening to shoot people who refused to move to the new Location. Yany women and children fled the Location and a few of them went to the new Location just to save their lives. This was regarded as a great victory by the Administration and the White settlers in the country. Completely false statements were issued by the local press, stating that the Africans were moving to the new Location of their own free will. The same day more than a thousand firearms were sold to the European residents of Windhoek, and during the night the Location was surrounded by the South African police and soldiers. Africans were refused permits to go outside the Location, and those from outside were refused permits to enter the Windhoek Location. On 13 December a state of emergency was declared in the territory prohibiting gatherings of any kind in the Locations except church services.

A/AC-73/3 English Page 36 On 14 December Mr. Jacob Kuhangua, Assistant Secretary of the South West African Peoples Organization, and Mx. Mbaeva were served with deportation orders to leave the Windhoek urban area within seventy-two hours. Mr. Mbaeva, who was supporting his aged mother of about sixty-five years of age, left his mother in a miserable condition in Windhoek Location. Mr. Mbaeva is presently in the Epukiro Native Reserve. Mr. Kuhangua was escorted by six armed policemen who took him to Onamakunde in Angola. Ee was brought before the Portuguese officials by the South African police, who stated that Mr. Kuhangua was a politician and that he was not wanted by the South African authorities in South West Africa. The police also asked the Portuguese officials to keep Mr. Kuhangua in prison in Angola, but Mr. Kuhangua refused to remain in Angola, stating that he was born at Ondimbo in Ovamboland and that he -was not a Portuguese citizen. The Portuguese authorities told the South African police to take Mr. Kuhangua, back to South West Africa as he was not needed in Angola. On their way back to South West Africa the police threatened to kill Mr. Kuhangua for refusing to remain in Angola. Mr. Kuhangua was brought before the Native Commissioner at Oshikango, who instructed one of the local government head men to keep him under house arrest, with the order that nobody should visit him. Mr. Kuhangua has been under this house imprisonment with his legs and arms chained together every night. Mr. Jackson Katjikuka, a member of the Executive Committee of the South West African Peoples Organization, was discharged from a local Boer firm after it was discovered that he was a member of our Organization. Mr. Katjikuka went to the Registration Office to seek a work permit, and to his surprise he was served with a deportation order and was asked to leave Windhoek within seventy-two hours. So far, about 200 Africans have been deported from Windhoek. One, Mr. Kureva, was told that he must go to the United Nations to seek work from this Organization. On 22 February, two Coloured men, Mr. Izaaks and Mr. Diergaart, were served with deportation orders to leave Windhoek within seventy-two hours for the Rehoboth Gebiet'. Mr. Diergaart has a family and could not possibly find employment in Rehoboth to support his wife and children. No reasons -were given by the Administration for the deportation of these two men. Nq i i .73/3.i oEnglili APage 37 iiii the other handlmaiy Afiicaiiiisinessm...... iiiiireiisidiliewiiiif teir iiiii for thi year. Two of te are Mr. fb and Mr. iauni iiii ii On 28 i December thii p lie rided the homes ofiii ie Hoseaii iiiiii Mr. Klii Mr. ilii Muundjua8 Mr. i Mr. N n and m At the same time, the polii i ...... r ide ...... in.. iimb liiilil Theyi took11ii a l~iii i iiliiiiliIii l l ou personaiiiiliiiiii£iiiIiiiiiiii ii~~ i 0ii~il~ andli offii ii i ci a cor esp nde ce Many o thes i llt er wer use byi theiii po i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil ii i ii~i l i~ii il ce at the£ Co m ss o ' proceeding held inii iiiiiliiiiiiii Wi dh e on 1iii1l Januar 1960 The iiiimiiiiii made un ru stat ment tiiiai the iiii ii iii liiiI ii iiiiiilii lliiii!iili iiii i ii ii!iliii ii ii iiiI iiiii i iiiiiiii letters i receivedi byii i iii iiii i the i ii African leadiers liii fromi overseas i iiii incitedi the people i toiii iiiilil i ! iiili iil ! i ! iiii i liiIii l i iiiili iii i oppose !I theiiiiiiiiiiii re ol ofliii the>iiii~i '! L ocat~iiliiiil i on.i Amon thei letters iiiodiuiced wirel ithiose receive from ii Mr. £ iira Mr. K gii, thel Reern Markii Scottiiandiithoseiifromithe U n t e N ti o n s.il? iiil iii~iiiii Iii i~ iiiiii ii~~ ~ii~iiiiiiil il~iiil iii ...... wou=iild iiii iii iii i iiiilike t i nf r tiiisi Comm tte iihat we iiave neve bee sa i f e wiithiii i iiii... the Unini Goermet Thei iiiisins fo ourlIii ii refsa to mov fro iiuri~ oldl Locationiiii to he ne on a ei er siiiiiiiiiiliiiiliiiiiiiii -iii le to und rstand Ch ii~iiiii~ilen iiii overilliiiiliwiiiii e iiiiiIiiii! iiill igh ee yearsiiiiii~i ~ ii' of agelii~lli==i'! will notiiiF~i be al o ed t iv i h h i paet;te ilb ocdt tyi opud The~~~~~~~~~~: ne oainwllb iie ntoehi rus Th oaio ilbei ap.EeypesneteigteLoainwilrpr

A/AC .73/3 English Page 58 Our people in South West Africa are not prepared to accept the policy of apartheid racial discrimination which is being enforced upon us by the South African Government. We feel that to accept apartheid is just as good as digging our own graves. In the field of labour., there is an organization in South West Africa known as the South West Africa Native Labour Association with its headquarters in Grootfontein, in the northern part of the country. This Association is authorized to sell Africans from extra-territorial Native Reserves. Every white man who wishes to employ an African is required to make an application to this organization. As a rule, he has to pay an amount of Z10 or E12 for a contract labourer of about fourteen to twenty years of age. These young men are not allowed to return home to their families, even for a vacation, before the expiry of their eighteen months' contract. They are not allowed to get sick pay or annual leave, and no compensation even in the case of accidents. Their wages are 1/5 per day; they are not allowed to be accompanied by their wives. Contracted Africans are required to carry three passes per day: the Extra-Territorial or Northern Native Identification Passes,& which indicates that the said servant is employed under the South West Africa Native Labour Association contract system. At the same time he must carry a contract service pass -which shows that he is employed by a certain master in that certain town. He must also have a written piece of paper from his master stating that he is authorized to walk on the street for a certain time. If the police find him on the street after that time given by his employer, he is arrested and put into jail to face the Magistrate the following day. The fine is from F3 to E10. The Magistrate has the right to cancel his contract and repatriate him to the Native Reserve. It is a law in South West Africa that every African who stays in urban areas or towns must work under a white man and a contract services pass should be issued to him every month. r4oto-offset copies of an Extra-Territorial or Northern Native Identification Pass and a New South West Africa Native Labour Association Contract of Service, submitted to the Committee at its 151st meeting by Mr. Nujomal, are reproduced below, following the text of Mr. Nujoma's statement.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 39 In July 1959, Chief Muala of the Oukualuzi people in Ovamboland, who has become very old, chose one of his nephews, Mr. Shikalepo Ileka, to be his successor. This action was approved by the whole tribe. Unfortunately, the Goverment in South West Africa, knowing the position of the old Chief and his attitude to the apartheid policies, refused to recognize Mr. Ileka. In October, Mr , Blignaut, the Chief Native Commissioner and the Local Welfare Officer.in Ovamboland, went to depose the Chief and appointed another man, also a nephew of the old Chief Yluala. This action by the Government met with disapproval of the whole tribe and threatened to overthrow the appointed Chief. On 3 December, YX. Bligi aut received a cable from the Welfare Officer at Ondonga stating that troops should be sent immediately to Ouhualuzi to rescue the Government appointed Chief. Mr. Blignaut hurried to Ovamboland with eight African and twelve White policemen, armed with machine-guns and sten-guns under the command of Yajor Lombard. At Ctjiwarongo they were joined by some more policemen and many others from Grootfontein, Tsumeb and Onamuteni. On their arrival in Oukualuzi they found the area very quiet. However, they went on to depose the elected Chief, Mr. Shikalepo Ileka, and appointed another man by the name of Shikongo Tapopi. He was given orders to shoot anyone who opposed the policy of the Government in the same area. Most of the people -who supported the old Chief Yuala were deported from the area. They are: Miss Vivi Yluala, the daughter of the old Chief; Messrs. Kapueja, Abed Sheja, Alex Sheja (nephew of the Chief), Sam Nilenge, Absai Amunjela, Ipinge Nuala (son of the old Chief), Joel Skikongo and Andreas Ileka. Many of these people were fined. Cn 25 November, Mr. Ananias Kamanja was fined U5. Mr. Olinus Amakali paid an ox worth F35. Mr. Stephanus Amuama was fined aO. Mr. Phinea Musilika was fined Z5. On 5 December, Mr. Nakale Muala, the son of the old Chief Muala -was fined ElO. On 14 December, Mr. Philemon Gabriel was fined F-7. Mr. Festus Mbandi -was fined F30. On 10 December, Mr. Thomas Magongo was fined ElO and Mr. Shivute Nanguasha was fined R25. Mr. Sbampa Amuhua -was fined ElO. Yany of the relatives of the old Chief flea the area to seek protection elsewhere. The property of those who were deported from this area were destroyed leaving some of the families homeless; many of the people's cattle were confiscated by the Government appointed Chief.

Englishi1Iiiiiiiii Pageiiiiiii 40i~~ When thee peopl went t se th loiicalili wefr off ie atiiiiniiit complain~~~~~~ ~ abu hi ifcliste eesipytl og oeadoe h Governent-apoint Chie. Manyof thse whoopposd thaponmt of thene Chie by he Gvernent erenot llowd tobuy hea sen to viibliiiasi reuto h rogti ot Ws fia hs ha sbigogtwt h mone ofthevarius ribs inOvabolnd; he undis clle th Trial und bu th mstsupisngthngt al f sisth fcttatth Gvenen i tr

Pag 41 t to te nitdN by t people o W B T o p was that ofCe ta I ..... vii ,i 10/ Adiitao wi iiit i rear to tise .... I aditiia t have=i= the serious case of Mr. J oi, theiGeneraiicretarylandiMr. the Assiistant Sertr ofi= the South West. Ai Pol Oa ti in Sout Wes Afic for th purposeA ofsuyn.Amn hs ougpol r Mr. iililii Onesmu Aku nj and Mr. Ben Huaraka. Mr. Onesmus went to Capie Town for studies.i!iliiiiiiiliii...... i~ii ilii iiiiiii~liiil Iiiiiiliiil!!iiill i =iii~iili Whil = = =in=== Cape Tow he was arrste by= == th polic and fined E4= an sent back toi==== = iiiii Sout Wes Africa. Mr. Ben H-i=ak has been= re u e a= pas por to...... go to...... i G...... hana ~= = ..... iI...... ! .. f o ri s t udli iii i e s . ii il i iiiiiill iiii~iii li iiiii ii ii ii~iiiiiiiiil i iiiii ~iii ili l iii Thli!iiiiiiiii iiii i siii th iiiiiliiliiiilii l atestiiii stoiry~i of ouriiiii~iiiiii pe pl iniilii So t Wieist Africa.iiiili The Goverinment li ii iii liliiiiiIiiliiiiiiiii i~i lii isi de e mi e toiii pro ee wit theiiii removal plan~iiii~~iiiili andi= is prepared to force thei people~~ii=ii!ii=iiii~li~iiiiii= i~iiiiiili iiiii~ii=iiiiii~iii=iiiii~==liiiiii!iiii iiiii~iiilii=ii=i tol move Tihii pe p e onilil thei oiilhier hiand, airiei alsoliiiiiii pre are notii tiiii move.iiii Thiereiiiiiii! isilii i~iliiiii Illi ~ilIiiiiiiii Iiiiii iiiiiiiii ii~iiiliiii~~iii£!i thereforeiliiiiii a ...... dangeri threatenin ou ipiipii if nothin is done for tiiiii We iii!i i ii ii i£iiiiii ii i]iiliiiii ii iaippiea£i i Iiililiiiii tiiiiioiii tiheiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~ii Un iie Nt i ons, espe iall to th Cioiiitiei oni' Sout Wes Africa, to warn th Uni~iiiiiiiiRili i onii Gov rn en andiiiiiiliii toiii requeiiiiist thatiii Go e nm n toii stopiiiiiiiiliiiili theseiiiiiiii~ii~li~iiiiili violen measuresinow being = = = taken ag ins u peiople inii Soutih West Africa.lii~ili Lo/ See ph to of se cop belowii~iiiili of the lettir dated, 7ilii iiMaiiyiiiii1i9iiii0 fr...... ithe =iiliiSicretaryiii i ~ iiii .... So t West...... Afric toiii ..... Assli iiiiii~iiii st n Se re ar , va bo P op e Oriaion WaviBy l/M.NoasbitdtthComtefortlgasasolw: toiiiii L.iiii~i iNil ni Whoek TEE PARICLA MA EOTDOTEFS ELEVEN BR DEORE INCLUIN S OAEILTTRFLOS (a)~~~~~~~~~~ Teega sent = 4 jul 196o (? froiim1i Ausanltt r*ei e ok CONIION= BAD... IN i OVADO 766 H AO ERESE GI NE

Pag 42 EktaTrrtraeofNodlkeN*r 1 a S

A/AC -73/3 English BEVELE. Elke persoon wat die draer in diens neemm rriic>ett 00, rhierdi,*epas,. in die aa egewe kol m in ink sy eie naarn en die datum en plek van indiensneming iivul en perséon räaå hom er I gee ljf in dfeus ncem sonder voorafgaande geskrewe toesternming van I 'n nå straat, ~istxýqt-natn Xnmjis~ amptenaar aangästel oor naturellesake, of posbevelhebber ýUn die 14rkgewer hierdlc pas in ink onderteken en die datum waarop iIiq kontäk ålndig, lnv&K nlqraýk' W die naturel a eý'"l behou word. Dit is In o rtrOng om dit ~ bQm Nvjý e' di 1, in hierdie pas genoem, moet sy werkgewer, of die persoori-,«p Me se elendorn hy sterf, hierdie pas aan die naaste, magistraat, assistent-naturellekommissaris of PýM)evélhebber van Polisle stuur. t.XSrRUCTIONS. Every person engaglng the bearer sliall enter in ink on this pass in the approximate coluinn his own name and the date and place of employråent. No person may employ or take him into service without the prio)r written permission of a MaCistrate, Assistant Native Commissioner, Officer in Charge of Native Affairs or Station Commander of Pofiec, Orr disch,ýrge the emplöyer shall sign this pass in ink, and insert the date on which the contract is terminated. This pass shall be retalned by the Native. It is an offence to take it from him. Upon the deatt of the native referred to !.n thås pass, his employer, or tlke person on whose property be died shall forwaiý this pass to the nea-rgst agistrate, Assistant Native Commissioner or Station Commander of Police. ANUMISUNGEN. Wer den Inhaber dieses Passes in Dienst hhumt, muB seifien amen unddas Datum und der. Arbeitsplatz in der entsprechenden Spalte c¥sselben mirC Tinte eiý a Ti Ohne vorherige schriftliche Genehmigung elnes Magistrats, Ililfs-Eingehotene,,i- Komrfflssars, eme amten får Elngchora-nen-Ångelegenheiten Oder Kommandeurs cines Polizeipo*en, darf nietrinnå n tellen Oder in Dienst nehmen. gr X,,, Cici-ii unu aas, ijaturn, an tern der Vertrag aufhört, elntragen. Der Llngebo.ýgjmuUy dieseneP'a e Iten. Es ist strafhar, dem Eingeborenen den PaFI abzunchmen. Belm. Tode ýäs i i dimlýxt P4 ýý enen Eingeborenen ist der Paa von dem Arbätgeber oder der Person, auf Cerei Grundstil er 94orben ist, an den nächsten Magistrat,, I-lilfs-Elngeboreiien-Kommissar oder Konim ~Mur elnés Pol ipostens zu schicken. Die besitter hiervan word gelnsIge'magtig om tépug te, *#er naý_"ý The bearer ofIR orderetl,',iL urn to V-, " p; ýIZ ý"ýriýý ýý' MAGICTRAAT geldig vir MARIE ý-i AL, S^A...... äfld for umste G agtigde Arnlt'ý . Dat r11 St.m Auffidrised Office Date 1 MAGIÖTRATýE Fare deposited from ...... to Grootfontein: OK aA Rall Warrant No. ssued at on ...... 1 for journey from ...... to Grootfonteln. iÅt

Pae44 iS.W .A . 1127ii~i d. In =i ir g iiiiiii ie ii r e n KANOO VA DI DIITAER iOFIi OF THE ADMINISTRATOR, P.O B4x 74, 4 ALIS BAY. Siiii Wih re o r l r of te 2 turn herwi th copy of theii petiiitiioiiii iiiwariiiiiiiiiiei i ovi of and at the request ofthePim Miisterhaveiiito4 inform you iihat he Ui Government cannotiiiconcedleiiliiha the inhabi of... South West . Africa have the ...... to address.... peti s t Unite Nation Organsation ioriiiii tht tr is a obiato on the Union Government to forward petition tot The petitioners have, of 6ourse, iniiiil~liiiiiiliiiiiiiiIiiii commo v ith otheriii South!iiii African c iize s the subject's ri i~iiiiiiiiIii ~i l i iiiiii!ili iii~ii l~ii!..iih ofi pe it o toi thei ii iilliighestiiiii l g s a iel~iii and admii~iii ini ii i stratiii£ ili~iilili% i ve authoriii ty ii i n thei land. iiiiiiiii i!~iiI. If this r itili ii~i ilil ~iii i~i i rrectii l ylii exercised,= the11111 pr pe procedurei woudii~iiii~i liii b eiiiiliiiiiiliiiii=ii~iliiiiiiii t oiiliiiiiliisiliiiiiiiii t o t e U io niiiiiiiiiiiililliiiiiiil ...... t h r o u gh== H~l~,ii=iis -iiiiiiiii~iiiiiiliii Governmentiiniihis regard. iiouiii faithfullyiiiii £ i 0i ,~ii iZRY iCA.ii-

-1-1~t - * fltettttlt find jUt Sltttt nUts BUtt fit tttt lnndtttt, Ott tfnt.ntme tin Ut EttflttOt dtetntnttts) sCent. wttd en tnt ittUntUt OtfeUt. ntnetet. S.d. battieR at. nat tat attune LoU etofntitie fituntit I -~ ~-- 'A~ 2' A I L%~ t ~ di. tue did a a flatten tt~ .L.A., Greotftonteft

Important! The Employers attention is directed to Paragraph 4 of this Contract. It is essential that he applies, in good time, before expiry of the contract, to the nearest S.W.A.N.L.A. Agent for a Railwarrant for the relative labourer(s) with which he/they will obtain a Railway ticket for the return journey. The Identification Pass(es) of the labourer(s) concerned must be sent along with the application for warrant(s) to the S.W.A.N.L.A. Agent who will return sneh Pas(es) together with Raulwarrant(s) to the Employer. Belangrik! vandiekotra, y die naseSW.A.N.L.A. Agn aansoek doe vir spoorwegbiljet(te) vir die Arbeider(s) waarmee iiy/huAile sal reiskaarties vilr sy/Jiulle terugreis verkry. Die Identlikasiepas(se) van betrokke Arbeider(s) moet sarn met die aansoek(e) vir spoorwegbiljet(te) aan die S.W.A.N.L.A. Agent gestuur word. Hy sal die Pas(se) saam met die Blljet(te) aan die werkgewer terugstuur. Wichtig! Die Aufmerksamkeit des Arbeitgebers wird auf Paragraph 4 gelenkt. Es ist nota- n's - --LL411ug vor Anwaur ries fr1lftitxtes Deiff nacflsten 6.W.A.N.L.A.- Vertreter einen Eisenbahn-Fahrschemn(e) fur den/die betr. Eingeborenen beantragt, wqrauf er/sie von der Eisenbahn Rlckfahrkarte(n) erhalten wird/werden. Der IdentifikationspaZ jedes Eingeborenen muZ zusammen, mit dem Antrag fUr die Eisenbahn-Fahrscheine dem S.W.A.N.L.A.-Vertreter eingesandt werden, der den/die PaB/Pgsse zusammen mit dem/den Fahrschein(en) dern Arbeitgeber zuriicksenden wird. N- 52 rr

Pag 47 WSouhWs ~ia uy16 2 Ib wiii toiexpiessimyiappreciitionitoiiheiCommitiee iiiSoiiiiWest Aiiica for llowingimeitoimikeithisisiii emei t on behalfof our people in South West Arica. There arei others of our peopile who couiii ild express themseils ith mh m iiilquenceiii than... In i M r.iiiliililiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiliv a n M r K uh an g ua sihi uldlii~liii a!iiliiiliiiiiiiilil b eiiili h e rei t h e m seiiliviesi.iiiiliiiiiiiiii~illi iiiliiiii=iii ii !iiiii j!i Ouriiii peopiiiiiii=iiiiiil le regiiardiiiiii the territory=i== ofii So* ' = iiii ==iii === = i iii =!iii th West ...... Afriiiiica! asiii Iiii an internatiiiionaliilii =!i =iii ii= ~i ... tertoy It is adiisee by the Goeneto h nono ot fiaa ai man at of th Leagu of...... Te.....ove nm nt ha inte...... obiain an repniblte in th adinistio of our conty Wek tha wheni teUio of Sot Af i acetdtemadtio othWs fia i al soiiiiiiili ac ep e th responsiiiiiiiiiiiiI=ii[ £l~!iiiiiiiii bii~i~iiiiili ty ofi adm=!iiiii i ni=iii i =i=iis i n th terr tor aiiis "a~i sacred ili il ii!iiiiii iiilii iiiii~. i iliiiilii£! i: iiiiiiliiiii~~iii i

Englishi i iiiii i 48 h iii D i violntidatiftw lvelii Afican men, womeni and hil dreniii ad te i ous wounding itiient to -prov . o.I an ilcntnet ess vr means w ihi~ it= use to " i mps its= pic== i esi up..... racist~ poices Ou conr isi,, ~i adminstere byagop fSuhAfia a inlist an te i by pcr cosie Ae for uropan dvelomentand mproemen. Th chif mehodsof teiEuopea indicateiiiii~ tha forceiiii~i isii the onl method i the unestn and £ repc in hi benefits: fro tesepoicis ithr icl or iii~iiiiinicl at i th i can's expene. Weintit any ne sigleiEropea toi~ stt open lithati i s opposedito the~~~~~~ prsn sytmadwudc-prt n hr natuyeulbsswt Africansiiiiiiiii]1= in the ...... an us f o r l n a d r s u c s Si a , t e o l leaders~ ~ ~ ~ ~ repce nolwdb uoensi u onr r hs hs

~Pag 49 pricilesan poicesar bae on ac l htre n coo xliaino ou pole Hr ae eweamle f heqaltyo Erpen edeshpwhc exist in ur contry Th diitao o h ertrMr ijede otcnie isl in ny ay ccontale o teAfia pepefrhsdmn taiv po ce. Heb reue eve todsusArias reace ihte.Onyafwdy bee th eebrsotnsheargnl n dmnlyrfsdt eev h

Pag 50 enoc oenet poliies The Yayor of Widhoek, ir J. iiii ii s t cnfirmed a of t use of force, Hei often resort t his fiiiiiiisitsiiiiiA i i cn t wh A c O the afternoon o 10 December 1959,4iiii iiddreisid theiAdiisoriiiiaiiioi the Windhoek loction on the subject ofi the Africans' bioycotti ofi ti iip ciities aindii the iminent locatin removal. He told the gathring thatthe r em ova liiii iiiiiiiiiiiiii iiwouiilidiiiiii p...... ce...... lan n e d d e sp ite th e A fr ican s ' p ro te st , tha t t heii~iiiii~i ii iiii iiiiilliiii~iiiiiiiliii ~i iiilii ii iiiiii~iiliiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiii iiliiiiiil ii ii li Admnitraio wa no hr ongtaewt frcn u nyt ante t h a tiiii "h w h o~lili d o e si~ii n o tl~iiiil~! h e a m u stiiiiiilii~i f e e l " .l i ii~ iii~~iii~iiililiiii~ llli iiii~l!i~ii~l l il 2iiiii ii~iiiiiiciilil~lil iiiiii! iiiiiiii% iiii ililIiiiiiiiii iiiiii iiii Inii the~ liiii of our mos reiiiiii ex e i en e ati theiiiiiiiii~i iiiiiii iiiiii i r ha ds ou peop iii£iiiiiiiii iii£i iiiiii iiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiil seeiiiiiiii iiililiii-Aiii~iii£i iiiiiilii thei]iiiiii Unioniiiiiiii Go e nm n ' fra ti attempts£iiii toiiii imp lementii apartheii idi iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii"2iiiiiiiin Southiiii~iQi~iliiiii Westiiliiii~iiiiiiiii~iiii~l Af ia ili atiiil any! costiiiili as part of the largerliiii schemeiiiii~iiiiiiiliiiii~iiiiiii ofiii p e a t i iiii foriiiiiiiiiiiiiiii] the so-cal~ ~iii £iii l ii %iiiii iiii~iiiii~ii!iii "bitte en siiiug lii wh c h a inaiili~ilst themseiiiiii~iiiiiiiiii iillves areiii creati i ng Europeaniiiiiiii~iiliii!iii=iii=i= i"li!iiiiiiiiiiiiil~~~~ se tl r in..... So t We t Af i airigo i ir ieisingl awar of ..... untenabili tyiiiiiii~iiii ii ofi thei ipiosiitiioni~i iniii~ thei~iii liliiht oifliiworldliisentiment; and the very Africans whom iliiiiii~iii the co si e unfi to=£ ...... th m el e .... em erging...... n ...... ov erii= the= , = contnent bu wha ...... them most is:::: the... fact that in== South Wes Afr iiiilIi o n e o f t h l s t r e a i i nisr o g h l d s o f...... hi t e...... dyai onglaesipi rsn rmrgtudrternssi h loain ndrsre.LatYa' eglrsltono h eerlAsml cotiue oteaxeyaogErpan vrterftr nSuhWs fica. WeArcn ono nesadwh h uoen stlr nSuhWs fiahv beoebidt trkraiyi fia wya h aetmeteUie ain shoud.b rearde asthei enmyadwythycnnotevsg n hne h Foreign~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ Yditro h no f ot fia v? ouhsee oet h exeto lmn h nvtbecneune fhsGvrmn' noptn onteUntdNtin.Werjc tergh fschpolea hset xrcs an uhrt oe s oheeaogte o hi olege nSut etArc do~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~...weseayoemno aftemrl oltclo nelculsaueo u elessc s he uao CpanWtoi o ie Mul fikaui

QU/AC .73/3 ~Pg 51 At= th* is ime& we can= only anticipate more von of. the same kin that w have sufeed unes an=, end=== ii = =i =iiiiiii.. iis put toi the Uion of South Afia' admiistrtio -in South West Afriica !iIt sfrti esntatw gi aluo h intenatona communit to=I!==== exercise it authority::::::: over... South=: West. Afrca We== aski ======think~ ~ it i toiiiiii be1 benethiieidiiityif aiovreigiStaeitopuisiiichi carefully = seetd purlinedleters;aidcumet w i would= have usi believei ithatiii the Afr~iiii~iiii c n areliiii~iiiii co te te an have no grievance of th i own that~ the do notiii i iiii iiliiiii iiii iiiii iiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiliii i!iiii~l~iiiililiiii iii ii!iii il~iiiiiiiiiiiiilil i !iiiiiiili suffer asi= otheriiiiiiiiiiiiiiliil~iiliii~lii human beinigsiandiare incapa.....f protesi ng ii i n an organizediiii51],il~ii manr a douetwi haeu e i httesinfcn higwsta location supritedet' ofic ...... daae andiil a few picur frme broken, rather~ii than to present the essential fact that humaniiiiliiiil i lifeiii ii was wantonlyi destroyedii = liiili liiiill iil ii=iilil liliii ii~ili iii~liill i~iiil !iiii~iiiiii becausei i=iiiiiii=! Afr il l i ii~iiiii!liiiiii iiiii i iii~ ii a e to chai l l eng th Adm iiii i~ii iiili ii lii=i~ ii i nstraio ' r !il l il ii iiiht~i to her theml outlii !i! of i i tiiiii eir homesiii iii iiiiiiiiiiiandiiii iinitoiii anoiithier locationIiiil !lli iiii i k eiiiiiiiii ii ii ii il=!!iiI iii i iitiii l e .i Nowhiiieireii ini thei repioritiiiiii i doiiii iiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiil !i we ~ ii siee ii a photograph ofiiii tiheii dead and thei wounded Africans shot down from behindi.iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii =i ;. This report mi ii htii surpriseii any one buti ....a.n. Afri...... Adm i iiiiist i on We kno tha the enquir wasi in ti te toll placat international=.....iiii iiiiiiii i iiiiii~iilil~~iiiiii!i~i ii i=iiii === oiio rahe thanii toscuinzete ea aue o teditubncs.Wias kno bette than to expec a trul obeiv judcia evlato of thes eventsi Ti by juge pp ie by=i th noioenet n ano xetamree n

A/Ai ii3/i Englisi Page 52 Wei can conclude ...... these andi other observati s w h a Windhoek Advertiser and other iiicali piipiirs that th conduct i oii te Cmisi o represents ani implicit abuse of judicia office. I itis a iiies drinigi t heaing violated judicia i d offnde jud iidecorum.iMyimainireason fori iivein mentioningsuchaworthless document is thatiiheiSiutiiifriiiniGovernme it will ~ ~ ~ £iii 2i~ii~ unobel qut it duiu cocuin wit gra prd and chaaceriti arriogliiance before the comingi i Geineiraliilii Assemblyiiii.i illi i Heriie isi !!aiiliierfect eixaimiple iii of how i i So th Af ia ef se o eeor t com re en th meaning = of= its actilii i ons.E~~i Iiim£iliiii£Itii~ i si£ii£ iii~ii£ in o c i a l iiior>iii anyoneiliiitoiiexpect aniyiiiiichaniiiiiiofilaiiitiiiudie byiiiiihe SoiiiiiilAfriiiican The deliberatelyi misladin allegtion containedi iinliiiiiiil the report aboutime pesnal hardl deserv alinyii!1iiii! reply I hiiaiviiie~ili this tol say:ii Ii maenoaoog o responsibilit toiiiiiii ourselve to eradcat thesie~ aborn evl an o sli shilll ourselves ~ ~ ~ ~~ iiiii as[ masters11 of! our owietn.hiomsio'ieotacue eo ben av n repnil.Ims awt hnst h ninGvrmt an is larat ioaton o or eoles leenar hma.rghstht.t. a ben mosilefr etorman nthtcodtinfo on.It s reisl theirown ishoourabe acs whch hae mae merealie myrespnsiiiie om peope ad t myslf vermoreclerly We avepleged urslve, hoeve, i Sot etArcat pl l o u fot twr civngorfedmwis cooert n h bssofeulity and~l mutual resect bu we! kno thatiiKii thisii= is onceiore t ac n w e g i i morl,~iiiil l egali::d poii~iiil itiiiiiiiii ca resposibi i ii Yil it e n enoc t authrit inorcuty invailuabiileiiiiiii?)~ sourc in;: inomn tihiiwold of iondit~iions i our coutry 7. S e by Mr. 4iribaK iutt 15tmenoteCmteo fiii7i-iicai11 Au ...... rm ...... gu...... l...... ommittie forthisopportunityivntmi in our conty Last yea Mr Chiiii£ii air i/ A . 7 3 / 3iiH, i £ iiii i i, , iil liiili~ iiiiiiii iiiliii iii iliiii iiilii i ~iiiiil liiiiii~ iiii ii, iiiiiiiU i , ,iiiiiiiiiii iiii~ii!iiiii iii iii iii~iii ]iiii ii~ ~iiiii! ii~ii, i lii ii E n g l i s hiiiilili~ liiiliii iiil ~ ii~iiii~ ii iiiiiiiii iiii iiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii=i i~i!ii=iiliiiii~il~iiiiiiiiill iiiiiii i i iiii iiii;i ~ii ii =iiiiii iliili~~iiilliiliiiiiiiiliiiiilii iilililiii lii iiiilii i ii iii i I '~ ...... ei i iii ii ii i 5 4 ...... iiiiiiii iiiii iii ii1i = i ~ iii = i ...... iii iliii~ i iiiiiiiiiiiii iii = i=i i i= i ~ ii ii ! ~ l { ~~ ...... Unionli~iili is maitaiin regular air patrols along its borders. These ~~~~~ ~ are romiapeTownupioith weticostinlad alng he Knen Rivr ndthiCprviStip ad he acos BechuanlandI! to the £i nothestr Transvaaliii and down~iiiiii tol Durban. ! "Part ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ofths re hsileay ee toruhl rconotrd "Thei= Uno has= flying rightsi~i; i acros te Potetortesbyigremen with~~ ~~ Britain,, but no agemn ye exst toli allow[: fo oeranitoo mo e e t acrossi th s areas.Iiliiiiiiiiii "The~=*: Unin' fis miiay tah i h edrton ooelAJiiiiiiiiiii~n tok p i pstinSlibuy ewmots goan t s nontht vntsi the~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ not r en olwdwt h lss teto. Mr himnareg ftro abe moe norepei u ontr byteSot ficnGvrnet an fth edrso h SuhWstArc Peoples ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : Oraiainwohaelvdi ranaessnete emnrgm r being nlawflly dportedto th Nortern aras whreithyiareionfindito camp ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i bul foioiia rsnr tOaoo A ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ iiiiiii letter ili of2 uy16 oM.Njm rmM.LusNlnai iePeident of~~~~~i theil iiiiuiti Wesiiiia eole Ogaiziiiitaed "Anelery anofabut88yeas f ge wos nmeisDa iiiii Kiaingiuieii settledin Winhoek bfore 195.iTheionithi7th daiofiJuy 1960iheiwa depored frm Winhoek o Ovabolan. Thedeporeeidosinotknowinyone norhashe ny riedsor elaive nethe hs h anwhee t gotoinii Ovamboland.~~~~Ii Hoevr heii wa eore ihotayiesn On th 8th ay o July1960 I Ir Kashkuka a meber f ourSout WestAfrian Pople Orgnizaionwas rresed i Walis By wihou being i possesion o a 'Pol Tax'card, hich iithe 4hipassone ha to~~~~~ ~ ~iiii have.i On theiiiii 3th] da ofJli90iVr ahiua perdbfr the~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Magstrte niWlii Ba, bingfoudigilt, M. Ksiiukiwa fined ~~~~ ~ ~ ~ iiiliiiii iiiiiii (tetiiepud)o oth adlbu nji.Ee t~cugh he E25fine ws paid theiGvernmet authritiesstill ave hi in jai as ai deaiee oriiil aiiii priiinei. On ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ iiiiiliiiii th t a fJl 90 frcnyuhihs ae r bein inlli possession11 ofIIi cameras taking= phoogrph anhnsing oi~Ai iiiii iii iii i iPg 55i P tIis Comittee a the United N a large col m to go oi i scusi ngii as usualev and !l e thes i e pass inti t fade records t hi story. Mr. Chairianiltiwouldibeiieryiwrong foriihis Committeeiti be . .. .. hisii i nd ofii reasoniig. Theliiiiiiyiof the liouth WestiAiiicaiisia iii i i ii iiii i v s e r lii~iiiii m a t rfiihin t d iiniia ititiii t o.i Mr.ii Ch iran thereiiiiii isii an~iii~ii element ofil fearlilii~ han igteNain lssi Southlii illililll West Afi i ia. Ti s fear which has overcimetieiii reaso ig of th Eu rope ansiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i n W e s A fr ica h aiiiisiiii come ab out a s theire su lt ofiie ri n ii neither oppressioninoiideportationsior apaitiiidiwilliitlm.iIi viewIoflihatiis iiiii eniini ini Central Afric to ay I caini onl aiiitiiithisiiiiiiiiimoiiimientiiiiii isiiii iiiiithat thiie daysiiiiiii2Aiii ofteUin"diitaini ot es fiaaenmee.Iwl etil be falng inmduisiIfaltmetoheetaordmdfror coutr to ii beiii plce unde th Unitedli~i~iil Nain Trusteeshi doe ni by anyiii meansiiiiili prejudi i ceiiiiiiiii th presenice~ii ofii our...... Europeanii friendsii li whoii~iiiiilii hav made= Sout West Afric thiriiiiii home.iiiii~iliii Weiliiiii beili£ii I~i]liev that -we£~iiii can £iii best res lv our diff renc onl in th absence~i ofi the Southiii African G:!=ii ii= i ...... en=t iiiniiiiour country.iii== .. Howeveri iili ill ~ilili~li i i t iiil isii aii~i~ii l soii~i siiliii i ii can to! mentionii~ thatii we]! in Sout Westi Africa !Iii-~iii!ilke ourii feii~iliiiIi lowme !iin ot e part ofi Jf ic will no bel'I be g n for crumbsI~ from ! the tables of Eu op a se tl r in ou cou tr no areiiii we go n tiii stopiiii iistruigiglingiiliii iiiiiii ~ iii ii£iiiii iiiii =i i ii iiIiii ..... th ...... of...... t e U i ...... Mayi I withiii yiour permissioniliili Siiiriliiiiiliiliaitliliihisii juiiiiilture appealI to the CommitteeI~iiiiiiilliiiiiiil onilii Southl Wes Pfricaiii~ to adopt~iii a resolutionili oriiiiiilli toi writei ailiil~ii~iiiiiii~ letter toi the~ili Unioniii Gov rn en requesting thatli= Gio-vierniieiit toi iiilliiiiliiii~i stopl!!iii iitiihel iiiportationisii and theiiiii unjusti ifii=iiii *i iedI! i i mprii i so m n ofii th lea er andi meimiers of th SW IP iniiii thelii territory iiIi]=!iIii ii ii forthw== i th= =i ].!i ======..

A/AC .73/ Englis Page 5 Ths efelisvryipotattote ece r~nqiliyan heodel poliica trasiton i ou coutry Attahedto m sttemet ae coiesof everl pssessen to e b th Eldes a hom tobe sbmitedto tis ommitee 14 14/ Pht-ofe coie of th eitain4emtps n te om sumte to4~ the < Comte byM.Kr rUeroue tteedo hi sttmet

A/Ä C 73/3 Engli sh Page 57 EL 4. MUNISIPAUTM V MUNICIPA= OF WINDIl0EK976 Reýksnvmmer Serial number Geproklamcerde gebied W I ýN n 0 z K PToclaim ed A rea of ...... REGISTRASIESERTIF~ T CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION. (Moet op versock ann 'n gemagtigde beampte getoon word). ,ýon demand to an authorised officer). (To be produce Naturel (uaarn en van) Native (nam e and surnam e), ...... 7 ...... Vader K.pt,' F a th e r ...... C h ief ...... Kraalhoof Provinsie of land van geboorte K raalhead ...... Province or country of birth ...... Reåasting-identiteltsilommer T ax Identity num ber ...... Woondistrik District of dom icile ...... >- 7 L ?->" ., ...... Blykbare ouderdom Hoogte vt. dm. A pparent age ...... H eight ...... ft ...... in . BOU Gelaatskleu B uild ...... I ...... - ...... C om plexion ...... Merke en besondere tekens M arks and prom inent features ...... 1...... Opmerkings van geneeskundige beampte M edical O fficer s rem arks ...... Die naturel van wie die identifikasiebesonderhede hierbo vermeld staan, word hlerby gemagtig an The native, whose particulars of identifi t! quoted ý»ve, is here y authorised to re~ in dia binne die geproklameerde gebied te bly en by __4 1 - - ý in the proelaimed area and to/VTSIde t - ý Z'o ...... ---- ..... * ...... In tijw<.x.M..tot in-et die doel om ...... for the purpose ...... of ...... 4 ...... - -? Registruiebeampte Regist~ Offloer. (Vir herultgifte kyk agte-p.) (For - relesucs see Reverse.) Munisipalltelt lýan RA. municipalityof WINDH0E K SpALITEIT ýVJI,, N2 ST fr WIIV måNg 04, tratinFet Registragon No. Maande ...... Months A/AC-73/3 English Page 58 R. 8. munisipalitelt van (2) Mnnieipality of W I N D H 0 E K Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig ot This certificate has been reissued and is available until -r 4 / apNnw ...... If ...... I Vol i gistrwieqampte'/ Registering Officer. Gere 9 Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot Regi tmrmati rhis certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... M aande ...... 6 .. M onths ...... I ...... 11 ...... a a i e van .tIu"jsI 1-t it RegistrasiebeampLe /Registering Officer, NDHOER fierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot "'q 'his certiff icate has been reissued and a kLvaijpbfe ...... 'NIA Registras le Geragi Registrat . n No. Hierdie Bertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en ge ig t rhis certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... Maand ...... Month ...... Registrasiebeampte / Registering Officer. 5. Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geIdig tot This certtficate has been reissued and is available until ...... I ...... I ...... Registrasiebeampte / Registering Officer. 6. Ifierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot This certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... R gistrasiebeampte / Registering Officer. 7. Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot This certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... I ...... Registrasiebeampte / Registering Officer. S. Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot This certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... - ...... I ...... Registrasicbeampte / Registering Officer. 9. Merdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot This certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... I ...... I ...... Registrasiebeampte / Register ng Officer. 10. Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot This certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... I ...... Registrasiebeampte / Registering Officer. 11. Hierdie sertifikaat is opnuut uitgegee en geldig tot This certificate has been reissued and is available until ...... I ...... i;; b emp t e Re giste r ing C fficer

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A/,",C .73/3 Em lish Page 60 i 19 Village Management Jauary February March Board of OUTJO NATIVE LOCATION SrrE PEJLMIT issued under regulation No. 17 of the regulations published under Government Notice No. 49/1937. April May Juue Permission is hereby granted to to occupy site No...... July August September in the OUTJO Urban Ar'e"., location, subject to the regulations published under Government Notice No. 49/1937. October November December ...... Superintendent of Locations. D ate of Issue ...... Service Contract Receipt for payment of rates provided for in regulation No. 17 of the regulations published under Government Notice No. 49 of 1937. 19 5 19 r _0 U-T 70- -OUTJO March J----y February March April May June April May June - -July September July August September November December October November Decembe October ii,,C7/ Engis Pag 6 Reispa Trvll Ps Nauelec Nativ na e...... Noam worb ekn N a e k o n b ...... Nom2anvae N a eo22h r ......

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A/AC .73/3 English Page 64 8. Statement by Mr. Sam Nujoma at the 154th meeting of the Committee on South West Af rica, 11 iugust 1960 L5J Thank you, Mr. Chairman and distinguished members of the Committee on South West Africa for allowing me to speak at this late hour of the Committee's work. I wish to make a brief.statement on behalf of those I represent in South West Africa namely, the African people of South West Africa. On the 17th June 1960, ,Yr. Eliaser T 3handeleni, a member of the National Executive Committee of the South West "'frica Peoples Organisation, was arrested and taken into exile at a place located between Okavango and Ovamboland near the borderof Angola and South West Africa with a bucket of waterand a small amount of food. On the 17th June 1960, Yx. Ja-Toivo, the General-Secretary of the South West Africa Peoples Organisation in Ovamboland was arrested again and put under house confinement. The South African officials threatened to dismiss all the elected headmen in Ova.mboland who support the South West Africai- Peoples Organisation in Ovamboland. A camp has been built where all the political leaders of the South West Africa Peoples Organisation will be detained - this camp is the one I have just referred to. On the 14th June, Mr. Kashikuka, a member of the National Executive Committee of SWAF0 at Walvis Bay, was arrested and fined Z25. After the payment of the fine Mr. Kashikuka was sent to prison and later the local authorities escorted him to Ovamboland. In Ovamboland he was brought before the Native Commissioner who gave instructions that Mr. Kashikuka be placed under house arrest together with Yx. Ja-Toivo. On lst June, Mr. Nghijalua who lives at Enana in Oukuanjama area had his cattle confiscated and taken to the Government's kraal. When Mr. Nghijalua demanded the release of his cattle the veterinary doctor told him that he will shoot the Bull and the remaining calf. The old man turned round and asked the doctor as to whether he has come to help the people in Ovamboland or to destroy them. The doctor turned and shot theold man's bull and calf and left. We fear very much, Mr. Chairman, that the people who were injured during the December disturbances will be ordered to leave Windhoek urban area because i5/ Yx. Nujoma also answered questions put to him by members of the Committee at the 155th meeting (see AMIC.'73/SR.155).

A/AC .73/3 English Page 65 some of these people are not in a position to work for European settlers, as it is unlawful for an African to live in an urban area if he is not employed by a European settler. In June., two Coloured men were assaulted by the W.indhoeh location Superintendent, Mr. Potgieter, who accused them of having incited the people in December to protest against the.removal of the location to Katiatura. First, Yx. Potgieter hit and kicked Mr. Goeiman in his office and asked where his brotherin- law was. Mr. Goeiman replied that he was at the shop in the location. Mr. Potgieter sent a policeman to bring him to his office. On his arrival at Mr. Potgieter's office, the latter began to kick him and he also knocked his head against the wall until he became unconscious. Potgieter them began to accuse the two Coloured gentlemen of being communists and agitators. I would like to inform this Committee that this is not the first time that Mr. Potgieter has acted in this way in his capacity as the location Superintendent as well as the representative of the local authority in the location. It also alleged that Potgieterin November 1959 assaulted African women who refused to have their houses evaluated. The most disturbing development is the latest deportation order issued to lvilr. Nelengani, Vice-President of SWAPO, to leave Windhoek within 24 hours. In addition to this there is also the case of Yx. Martin Joseph, a member of the National Executive Committee at Walvis Bay, who has been arrested and who is presently being kept in custody awaiting to be deported to Ovamboland. These are the latest activities of the Union Government in South West Africa which is trying to deceive the Committee by saying that it is leaving the door open for negotiations. I appeal once more to the Committee to take immediate action on what we have just reported because to us these activities are being carried out with a good reason by the Union Administration in our country. The Committee must intervene to protect the lives of our people before it is too late.

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A/AC .73/3 English Page 67 seems to be missing. It should f ollow column 2106. 1 am writing the Rev. Scott today and will note that fact for him. It is therefore impossible to tell exactly what was the outcome of the debates. The editorial from the Guardian, also enclosed, suggests the possibility of obtaining travel documents for Mr. Kooppr and others like him through the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. I enclose also a copy of Mr. Scott's covering letter to me. (Signed) Winifred F. Courtney (Mrs.) Winifred F. Courtney Enclosures W Copy of letter from the Rev. Michael Scott to Mrs. Winifred F. Courtnev Thank you very much for your letter and diligence over the question of the Rev. Marhus Koo-per. I am enclosing a copy of the Hansard report of the debate on the adjournment of the House of Commons dealing with this matter and also a leading article which appeared in yesterday's "Guardian" published in Manchester. Would you please convey this to the Chairman. (ii) Extract from The Guardian, Ylanchester, 3 August 1960 POLITICAL REFUGEES A number of political fugitives from the Union of South Africa are,,Ucw staying in the High Commission Territories. Surely the time has come to give them some sort of regular status which would make it possible for-them to move elsewhere if they wish. Several instances of their difficulties were mentioned in the Commons last week and, in the flurry preceding adjournment, attracted too little notice. On Thursday, Mr. -Alport, Minister of State for Commonwealth Relations, said in answer to questions from Mr. Marquand and Mrs. Castle that political refugees in these territories have been given special residence permi.ts."conditional on their holders not taking an active part in politics." On Friday, Mr. Marquand raised the case of the Rev. Marcus Kooper, an African Methodist minister formerly resident in South-west Africa and now living in Bechuanaland under a temporary residence permit. Mr. Kooper, he said, had several times petitioned the United Nations on behalf of his tribe, the so-called Red Nation, whose land holdings had,

A/AC .73/3 English Page 68 they alleged, been severely curtailed by the Union Government. (On this account he was arrested in 1959 and for a while detained in a place remote from his home.) The South-west Africa Committee of the United Nations has told him that it will give him a hearing when he can get to New York. But the committee was told on July 5 that "Mr. Kooper is unable to leave Bechuanaland for New Yorh, because of the absence of the necessary travel documents." And he cannot get the documents because., as Mr. Thompson, the Under-Secretary for Commonwealth Relations, -put it, "he is definitely not one of our people for passport purposes." It is not, in the circumstances, much good his asking the Union Government, whose person in this sense he legally still is. Have these people to stay indefinitely where they are, geographically immobi _e and politically emasculated? The proper comment is that of a Conservative NP, Mr. Emery: "Itseems absolutely crazy that refugees... should only be able to get out of Bechuanaland if they obtain and Indian 'laissez passer' or are smuggled aboard a plane to fly to Ghana." Yoreover, though the number of people concerned is now small, it may well grow as the number of independent _Pfrican States, some of them authoritarian in character, increases. What the refugees need is something equivalent to a passport, on the strength of which they could apply for a visa to enter what country they wish. During the Commonwealth Conference, Dr. Nkrunah threw out the idea of a general Commonwealth passport, which did not make much impression. But is there not a better instrument to hand? The proper source of a travel document for refugees is surely the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, heir to the former International Refugee Organisation. He has a representative accredited to the British Government; he can, on information gathered by his representative, readily recognise as a refugee and issue a travel document to someone who is not British for passport purposes; it is established that "political dissidents" can be accepted as refugees in international law. Thousands of European refugees have received such documents - the postwar successor of the old Nansen passport. There has been no previous occasion to apply this provision to Africa; but is there any reason why it should not be don now? Then the High Commissioner could help equally a refugee from the Union in Bechuanaland, from Angola in the Congo, or from Dahomey in Ghana,, or vice versa, as need arises. Will the Government use its good offices with him on behalf of those now in difficulties?

A/AC .73/3 English rage 69 PETITIONS RAISING GENERAL QUESTIONS RELATING, INTER ALIA,, TO THE STATUS OF SOUTH WEST AFRICA AND COUDITIONS IN THE TERRITORY 19/ 10. Petition, by letter dated-2 August 1959, from 1 rs. ., ;rika Kuhlmann, Gmaruru, South West Africa, to the Secretary of tiae Committee an South West Africa 201 Re. !TARTHEID I am writing to ask you to bring this letter on the subject of : partheia to the notice of the members of your Committee, and to have the kindness to acknowledge receipt of it to me. First I should like to give you some brief information about myself. I come of an old missionary family well known and respected in the -whole Territory by both white and black people. My grandfather, Missionary Dannert, came here in 1874 and my father,, Missionary Kuhlmann in 1898. 1 myself have held religious services for the indigenous inhabitants (in hospitals and prisons and in the villages'). My relations with them are excellent, as was _proved when they askea in dismay questions like "What will become of us?" on hearing that I was going away to get married anE when they promiseO- to sing at my wedding. To revert to the subject of Apartheid, I should like to say that thrcuEh misleading reports which are reaching the United Nationsthe opinion persists there that sharp and. unnatural dividing lines are drawn between the black and white races through Apartheid. This distinction, however, is in keeping with the race consciousness of the black people; they themselves live in their different tribes in a rigorous state of Apartheid. I can give you some instances of this.. indigenous inhabitants of different tribes, Zulu, Basuto, Xhosa., Herero, Ovambo, and Bergdamara, have been gathered together here in large numbers for railway construction in the last two years. They all live in completely separate camps. When I tried, to bring together Xhosas and Zulus for a combined. religious service they explained that this was impossible. Neither could set foot in the Lq/ one of these petitions, a letter dated 18 June 1959 from the Rev. William J. Devenney to the Chairiran of the Ccmmittee on South West Africa, has not been reproduced in this document. For text, see A/c.4/422. 20/ original in German.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 70 other's camp. They asked for Sunday services in their own camps, on the ground that they could not visit churches attended by other natives because they were afraid of them. Actually blows were exchanged and blood was shed when Zulus. entered the villages of other tribes apparently to make purchases. on one farm Hereros left a small child to die of hunger after its mother's death, because the father was an Ovambo. I could give you many examples of similar outrages on the part of the Hereros. One day when I wentvisiting the sick with some Bergdarnara women and enquired about the sick people in the adjoining Herero villages I received.the indignant reply "How do we know who is sick in the Herero villages?" My repeated attempts to bring together women and girls of the Herero and Bergdamara tribes for a Bible class were unsuccessful for a long time because the Herero women stayed away when the Be The settlements of the four established tribes are rgdamara women came. alongside each other, but they hardly set foot on each other's territory. i could give plenty of examples of this. For the tribes and races to live apart is therefore in accordance with the N, black people's own way of thinking. For instance we once sat in a crowded religious service in the Gmatjette reserve of the Hereros with black and white people closely packed together, yet in a picnic -which we had afterwards out of doors the black' people sat down quite as a matter of course a stone's throw away from us. These examples and facts would be sufficient to prove that Apartheid is to the black people a perfectly comprehensibl.e system which they employ among themselves. The agitation to put an end to Apartheid does not come from the people themselves but from certain outside circles. Here in South West Africa we have enjoyed hitherto a peaceful and predominantly satisfactory form of coexistence and neighbourly co-operation of all sections of the population, and it iswrong that dissension should be introduced among us from outside. Only today a black foreign worker who is at present in hospital said he never wanted to leave South West Africa because it is so peaceful. These statements are made in all honesty and good faith. (Signed) Erika Kuhlmann

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A/AC .73/3 English Page 73 The Unpolice Zone In the Unpolice Zone, the Okavango, Ovamboland and the Kaokoveld our people are not allowed to have a market of any kind for their live-stock or crops and have no other sources where they can get money for their needs except to go on contract as unskilled cheap iabourers where many of them suffer terribly or lose their lives. We are told by the Government Officials that our cattle have desease and can therefore not be sold which of course is not true. How can the cattle have a desease and not die or become meagre as a result of the desease? We reallised that this was only a plan of cutting us off from any other sources of earning money so that we can be induced to like to go on contract to the Police Zone which is the only way by which we can get money in our hands, although it might mean sufferings. In the three above mentioned areas, we are allowed to trade among ourselves, but people of one area are not allowed to trade with the other areas. Even in buying things from ones own people one must have money with which to buy things one wants, but this money is only obtainalle when one has allowed himself to te sold as a contracted cheap labourer. Medical Treatment There are no Government Hospitals in the Unpolice Zone. There are only Mission Clinics which are unable to provide the necessary medical aid to the indigenous people. There are only two medical Doctors at Ondangua in Ovamboland which have been provided by SWPJUA to examine the young men who are to be recruited into the Police Zone to work for the Europeans as contracted cheap labourers. These roctors are there to examine the people who are going to work but not to treat them medically. Education There are no Government schools in Ovamboland and Okavango ,ihilip there is not a single school of any kind in the Okaokoveld. In Cr ambol ' and and the Okavango, there are only Mission schools which give tuition up to Std. III. This Std. III is also very inferior as compared with the other Native schools in the Police Zone. At present the type of education given there is the so called Bantu edu ation where the pupils are taught everything at school through the medium of their mother

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A/A .7/ Enl sh Page 7 Encosre (i) opyof ette daed 8 Feruay 159 fom esss. LuisNelngan, Sm N~om and thes totheChie NaiveCommssinerWinhoe We hve he onor t infrm ou hatwe he vemb peplearestrngl protstig aains th il-tratmet mete ou to r. ermn J-Toio a Tsmeb

A/AC-73/3 English Page 77 (ii) Letter dated. 11 April 1959 from the Chief Bantu Affairs Commissioner for South West Africa to "Yma." L/ Louis Nelengani and others, Windhoek I have to acknowledge your letter of the 28th February concerning your complaint about mna. Herman Toivo and. wish to inform you that Toivo was issued. with a pass in order to enable him to proceed. direct to his home in Ovamboland. Instead. of doing so he stopped at Tsumeb and-contravened the law by entering the Tsumeb compound without any permission from the mine owi ers or the compound. manager. When any person contravenes the law he must bear the consequences. The Yagistrate at Tsumeb acted. in his lawful capacity and. I cannot find. any fault with the court proceedings or any subsequent steps taken by him. No unlawful or cruel action had been applied to Toivo who being apparently an enlightened person should. have known better than to have acted in a way which brought him into trouble. He has only himself to blame. The Government is not only my Government as inferred by you but yours as well as I can give you. the assurance that every person in the Country European or Bantu can rest assured. that he will not suffer any illtreatment if he does what is right and. required by law. Your personal interest and. that of your co-writers in mna. Toivols case is appreciated. but I am afraid. that I cannot agree that it is representative of the Ovambo people whom I know as very peace loving and-who would. not countenance any act which would. bring a person in collision with the law. (signe ) Bruwer Blignaut CHIEF BANTU AFFAIRS COMMISSIONER FOR S.W.A. 12. Petition, by letter dated 2 October 1959, from Mr. Jacobus Beukes, Rehobothp South West Africa, to the United. Nations 23/ With reference to the Secretariat of the United. Nations, I herewith attach communications from which you yourself can see what answer was given by the 22/ "Mna.", an abbreviation of "Morera", meaning "Sir" or in Sesutho, is used by officials of the Department of Bantu Administration and. Development to address "Natives" or "Bantu". 23/ Original in Afrikaans.

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A/AC .73/3 Engli sh Page 80 Enclosed is a copy of a resolution in this regard which was -passed by our annual Congress this summer. It is our sincere hope that this resolution will receive your careful consideration. (signed) Thcmas E. Cronin International Affairs Vice President-NFCCS College of the Holy Cross Worcester 10, Massachusetts Enclosure TITLE: Resolution on South West Africa 14HEREAS: The United Nations is responsible for the control of social conditions in the mandated areas of the world; and WHEREAS: The principles of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights are not upheld in various places in Europe, Asia, and Africa, and especially in the mandate of South West Africa; and =REAS: Owing to the rigid Union of South Africa government censorship, very little information on the conditions in South West Africa has been circulated throughout the United States therefore BE IT RESOLVED: That the XVI National Congress of the National Federation of Catholic College Students call on the United Nations to publicize effectively the conditions prevalent in South West Africa, and to insist that remedial action be taken by the trustee goverment; and BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED: That copies of this resolution be sent to the State Department, the United Nations Ccmmittee on Mandated Areas, and the student federations of South Africa; and rk BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED: That the International Affairs Vice President of the National Federation of Catholic College Students be directed to carry out the provisions of this resolution.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 81 15- Petition, by letter dated 23 May 1960,%from Mr. Jacobus Beukes p Rehoboth, South West Africa, to the United Nations 27/ You are respectfully asked to give serious consideration to our entreaty and request as set out in the attached communication. My humble entreaty is that the present session may,, through the Mandate, bring about the release of us, the people of Rehoboth, and the entire Territory of South West Africa, so that we may be able to enjoy the happy future to which we are entitled. I trust that, in accordance with whathas been published in the Press, such news may always be published as will enable us to survive. We shall be grateful for a brief acknowledgement that the ccmmunications have reached tf eir destination. We are profoundly confident that on this occasion me shall survive in our long struggle. We respectfully ask His Excellency the Prime MiniEtcr of Chana and also the.representatives of the other Member States to help us at all costs so that everyone living in South West Africa may behappy. This will be greatly appreciated by us. (Signed) Jacobus Beiikes Enclosure Letter dated 25 May 1960 from Mr. Jacobus Beukes to the Captain and Members of the Advisory Board, Rehoboth,.South West Africa I hereby respectfully ask that this communication be forwarded to His Excellency the Administrator of South West Africa and then to His Excellency, Dr. Vervoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa, Cape Town. "HISTORICAL REVID,1 OF NATIONAL EXISTENCE FROM 1870-1871- 1874" 1. We, the people of Rehoboth, were independent and sovereign under the authority of our Captain and National Council as well as of the Rhenish Mission. This status was confirmed by a treaty of friendship in 1885, and we were later placed under the mandate of the old , which'has been replaced by the present United Nations as provided in the Charter and the provisions of Article 22. The mandate i as entrusted to the Union Government on 17 December 1920. 27/ Original in Afrikaans.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 82 2. It has been officially learned that His Excellency Mr. Dag Hammarskjold is to visit South Africa. We respectfully ask that in connexion with this visit Mr. Hammarskjold be invited to Rehoboth. 3. The purpose of the invitation is to provide information on the Charter and the Administration under the mandate by which our future existence is ensured. 4. The latest action has given cause for concern that we must abandon our national ideology and ideal. This demonstrates that our historical existence has been contemptuously disregarded and treated as a popular delusion. 5. We hereby state on the basis of solid evidence that the people of Rehoboth were the first settlers and embodied the principles -of the first civilization. After the two great wars of 1881 and 1882, the Rehobothians asked for protection from abroad. In responsQ to this request, as -we know, the German Kaiser and the King of England agreed that South West Africa should be given to Germany as a colony. The request of Captain Hermanus van Wyk and the members of hia National Council was granted. Whereupon the Rehobothians had at the same time to agree to meet the troops at Walvis Bay and bring them into the interior. The party was attacked en route by the Hottentots. The Rehobothians suffered casualties and destruction, but they persevered in order to bring the troops into the interior to Windhoek. The fighting then bro ,e out again. Rehoboth independently set up its own baster Ccmmunity under German discipline, and this was later reinforced by a second company that was assisted by an active civilian force. From 1894 to 1907 the Rehobothians loyally persevered and stood together until peace and tranquility were restored. 6. In the later action of 1914 between the German Government and the Allied Powers, the Rehobothians independently stood together and sided with the Allies at the cost of heavy sacrifices in property and lives. That is why we must say that the most recent hapl3ening will not be able to triumph over our historical and basic national existence. In witness whereof. (Signed) Jacobus Beukes iiiiI~i~ii lEnglishi iiiii 8 3 16 Petition, by lte dated 14June 1960, fro the South ...... Ogan7ii Si iiicloisiidilease findpeition, whih we r you f a o UnitedNationsOra izi ehalf ofiiOii iwhosie naime haschangedto iSiW.i.Pii ..... we will explain in t next...... the Mandatory ...... pe t t t t e m and moral-beingi and the social piiiressiofithe iihabitants ofiiheiterritori subject11 i the pre sent Mandate". Thei onl materia iiiiiii iiii lii by i thei Admiiiii i n ii i trati o ofi iilili isi what he ado ted fromi th Unon Goenet and thati i is 'frc an vilne ... Rearin 'sociaiiiliililiiii~ii progress', th only!i~iili -progress iili wasi inil bui 1!ilingo 'beer-halls',lii hichiiiii is proitbl toteGvenet btnini iiliiiii~iii~ii theiiiiiI intret of th inhabitants. ]1i ]

A/AC .73/3 English Page 84 "Article 5 "Subject to the provisions of any local la i for the maintenance of public order and public morals, the mandatory shall ensure in the territory freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship, and shall allow all missionaries, nationals of any state member of League of Nations, to enter into, travel and reside in the territory for the purpose of prosecuting their calling". No Asiatic is allowed in S.W.A. for any of the above purposes. Here is no "freedom of conscience", as the minds of the peoples (inhabitants) minds are continually occupied with fear, regarding travelling permits, as to go from one place to another. REPORT The tribe in Ovamboland by name of Cukualuthi, whose chief was Mara, passed away. Therefore, the people of the said tribe elected a new chief in their favour (which they favour). Then the Commissioner of Native Affairs in Ovamboland, banished the chief, anh appointed a new chief in his favour, whose name is Mr. Tapoppi. Mr. Tapoppi, visited the neighbourly Nama Tribe, russled their cattle and goats, then he ordered these people to leave the vicinity. With the influence of the Native Commissioner in the back-ground, Mr. Tarcrpi, cn the 20th day of May 1960, confiscated all cattle, goats and sheep belonging to Mrs. Quambi Shoni, and forced her to leave the vicinity. Even our respected clergyman has forwarded Tapoppi personally, such as Mr. Offico and Mr. Abisia Jhamunjela, after they tried to negotiate with Mr. Tapoppi, they were only threatened by being banished from Ovamboland without even their personal belongings, as to those who tried to oppose him and the Native Commissioner. Regarding Mr. Sam Nujoma, who was banished from Windhoek on exile in Ovamboland, what is going to happen to his family? They have no source of income. Yours sincerely, (Signed) Louis Nelengani Vice President O.P.0 (Signed) (illegible) Foreign Secretary O.P.0.

A/Ac .73/3 English Page 85 17- Petition, by letter dated 13 June 1960, from the Bristol Peace Council, Bristol, England, to the Secretary-General The following is the text of a resolution adopted this evening by the Bristol Peace Council at its Annual Meeting; it is being sent to the Secretary-General of the United Nations Organisation and for information to the British Prime Minister and to the local Press. "This Annual Meeting of the Bristol Peace Council, noting the application by the Union of S. Africa of racial discrimination against the native people of the former German colony of S.W. Africa., entrusted to S. Africa under mandate by the League of Nations, and the attempt by the Union to treat the territory as a province of S. Africa, appeals to the United Nations Organisation to safeguard the liberties of the native -peoT)les and to fulfil the obligations taken over from the League of Nations by itself assuming direct responsibility for administering the territory." ( igned) F.M. Clegg (Miss) Hon. Secretary/Treasurer 18. Petition by letter dated 22 June 1960, frcm Chief Hosea Kutako and Chief Samuel Witbooi, Windhoek, South West Africa, to all Member States of the United Nations 2,,/ In view of the fact that the question of South West Africa has been discussed by the General Assembly of the United Nations for fourteen years since 1946 and; In view of the fact that numerous resolutions debated and passed by the General Assembly of the United Nations with overwhelming majority - Member States seem to iiiake no effect on the Government of the Union of South Africa and; That even two Advisory Opinions of the International Court of Justice (1950 and 1955) respectively, seem to have gone unheeded to by the Government of the Union of South Africa and; In view of the fact that the conditions in both the Union of South Africa and in the Yandated Territory of South West Africa continues to deteriorate. The condition in the Mandate -proper continues to deteriorate to an unparallel degree with oppression and Apartheid laws applied even more rigidly and; 29/ By covering letter of the same date, addressed to the Secretary-General, the petitioners requested the circulation of their petition to all Members of the United Nations.

...... Engliii Page 86i I viIIbImi i "T fz reetel and flaranlyi by the Mandator - a Government hich even onii this thiei 20th century is not fit to administer the Mandate bec e o i t Aparthei Poliici which we think tii be moal wo and pioiiiiiiticaiiiiifliihi ii a to yourireipectie G of ll Mebe Ntionsii ilii i Unii ii Nto t request an iea il Sessio of th Ginel Assbly of t Ut N to 2id amn o matters: 4 242..= . =i==!= ==. ======.=====%=.=... (a) To request the Special Sesio toii appoit a Intrnatiinii Commissioniii com to South W K so that i can see the w c conii to which we are relegated and cpl toiiiii i (b To ask...... h...... tlsiiufaieroar c fm i4iiiiiiii iii ii>2i liiii ii iii iiii i ii~ ~ iii iiiiil i iii ~ iiiii ilIiiiii i ...... inithe Territory who at ...... G o v e r n m e n t d r . ... We hv be ai f r s e 146. We r request fo suh...misio.evr.cedd.o We~~~~~ ~ ~ now apea to; you repetiv Goermens i te blie ad hpeha to .... end the~~ ,R# UntdNtosadohrcneecs (signed Hosea Kutaiio Chie Hosea Kutako I i)!iii iil6 Chief iSamueili Wiitbooi iiI!Qlii? i ci!i i iiA i iiiili ii li~I8 iiil ii/ii i73/3 .Engliih i i i i i i i87 19. Petli iii i t ilii i on, by =iiiili b letter i t 28 J 1960, from Cis Mandate and morove it is th wishes of the.. inhbitnt thiaiii iiit shouldbeplaced under the nited Natins. Th A iiiiiritii hm Afterthekillin o A i iiiiiiil ii i Dr 1 i WidiieiiihiiG veinmit irouitiarm ania moirediirsi dn in ths ay (a) When an Afr~~~ilii'ii ii ou"fiokaniiatiaprittise orh is not given ~ ~ i~ such iii a i perit nl ess hei isi prprd og ndrsdei h new Location.i (b Aficns h eeepoe yteMncplt n h eue orsd

A/AC-73/3 English Page vill. not move, he is told that he will encounter hardships in the future. When an -tUrican who is intimidated in this way, moves to the new Location, such an African is represented by the Government to have moved voluntarily. (f) Most of the white employers threaten their African employees with dismissal if they did not move to the new Locations and as a result many Africans have been dismissed from employment. The Administrator of South West Africa told the Europeans recently that they should decrease their African labour and that they should do the work themselves. Education Bantu Education has been introduced into the two only Secondary Schools for Africans in South West Africa - Augustineum and D6bra. Bantu Education will also be introduced into all African Schools in South West Africa early in 1961. The object of Bantu Education is to teach African children from childhood that they are inferior to the Europeans. Africans are not allowed to leave the country for further studies. All the Africans in South West Africa are opposed to Bantu Education and it is being forced down our throats. This is a clear indication that the Africans have no rights in their land of birth. P new school is under construction in the new Location - Katutura. It has been said that when the new school has been completed the 1,frican Schools in the Old Location of Windhoek would be closed down. -All the ' fricans in the Old Location of Windhoek are determined never to set their foot in the new Location Katutura and they have no intention of sending their children to Katutura for the purpose of attending school there under any circumstances. The closing down of the schools in the Old Location will mean that African children will have no school. Police Brutality Whenever an African is arrested he is beaten mercilessly by the Police before trial. Sometimes they are assaulted by the Police without any charge against them. These beatings sometimes cause the deaths of many Africans. Health The deathrate is extremely high because there are no Hospitals,, clinics or medical Doctors in the Native Reserves. Patients from the Reserves travel hundreds of miles by motor lorrieti Lo ilh(- ne-rcb , hn-pit als or medioal Doctors. delay. In theHospitls, ot patints hae to a hligec eoetetet filigwihte antb tedd 1 Afrca Hspial ae vercrwdd ad hee s ashrtge f edca Pracitiner an Nuses.AfrcanNures re acke an ar relacd b Eurpea Nuse intheAfrca Hopitlsso s t prvie eplomen fr te Wit

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A/AC .73/3 English Page 91 20. Petition, by letter dated 17 July 1960, fran Mrs. Maria Pruter, Swakopmund, South West Africa, to the Secretary-General L22 With regard to the letter from Herero Chief Hosea Kutako I would like to mention that my husband has been in the country for more than forty years and myself for more than thirty years. 1. We do not own anykind ofarms, since we-are not hunters. 2. 1 must also say that the Government i doing an enormous lot in the-Vay of providing hospitals for natives, schools, etc. 5. We employ in our business and house more than forty natives, among them all sorts of contract labourers, some of whom have renewed their contracts between five and eight times. Do you believe that the boys would have done that had they been dissatisfied with their wages and treatment? Our natives are being paid in accordance with performance. Among them are several who earn more than Z20 a month. In spite of rising wage scales which has taken place over the years, there has been no improvement in their housing and clothing, since they have used all wage increases to buy liquor. Although I have made efforts to help the boys in the improvement of their homes, not one of them responded by showing interest. At the moment our chauffeur is ill and in our home. The white doctor visits the boy each day and treats him. I myself cook for the boy on Saturday and Sunday afternoons, since both my houseboys adhere to their working hours, namely, 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., and 3 to 6 p.m. It is too bad that UNO troops had to be sent to the Congo. If those efficient natives had been left to themselves, the European world would have seen how efficient the natives really are. Once the natives govern themselves, we are convinced that the history of Africa will be turned back by 100 to 200 years. (signed) M. Pruter *N.B. Saturday afternoon is free. Sunday morning hours are from 8.30 a.m. to noon, and instead Wednesday afternoon is given off. 32/ Original in German.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 92 21. Petition, by memorandum, undated, frcm the Ovamboland Peoples Organis.ation, Sea Point, Cape Province, Union of South Africa, to the Secretary-General I= THE TERRITORY OF SOUTH WEST AFRICA WAS GIVEN IN MANDATE TO THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA, IT WAS ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT GOVERNMENT WOULD PROMOTE THE ECONOMIC, EDUCATIONAL, AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMEhT OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES. HOWEVER: THIS HAS NOT BEEN DONE AS WILL BE SEEN FROM THE FIGURES LISTED BELOW. POPULATION: Whites: 48,588; non-Whites: 366,013 (1951) LAND: For Whites only: 37,578,865 hectares. For non-Whites: 21.,825,997 hectares. SCHOOLING: In 1952 the amount spent on Schooling was as follows: For Whites only: Z659,781 For non-Whites: Z144,072 There is no High School for Africans in the whole territory. HOSPITALS: For Whites only the amount spent in 1952 was: Z40,000 For non-Whites the amount spent in 1952 was: Z20,000 ECONOMIC: Work reservation is applied on State enterprises such as the Railways, which makes it impossible for non-Whites to rise above the level of manual labour. Wages: Average non-l-Thite in Towns. P5 per month Average non-White in Farms: Zl per month Women are paid less, and recruited labour even less. There are no openings for the economic advance of non-Whites. The PASS LAWS are stringently applied as in the Union. POLITICAL: Non-Whites have no say in the government of the Territory. APARTHEID IS APPLIED AS IN THE UNION. AS WILL BE SEEN, THE UNION GOVERNMENT HAS DONE LITTTR, IF NOT NUDHING, TO ADVANCE TEE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE SPHERES INDICATED IN THE CONDITIONS OF MANDATE. We, therefore, TFE OVAYBOLAND PEOPLES' ORGANISATION, call upcn the JNITED NATIONS ORGANISATION to place the territory of SOUTH WEST AFRICA under the rule and jurisdiction of the TRUSTEESHIP COMMITTEE of the tMITED NATIONS'ORGANISATION. (Signed) E.H. Kalundalalie Ovamboland People's Organisation

A/C.7/ Enlis Pag 93 PETITIONS~' REAIG NE*LA OTESTAINI TH WIDHE LOATO 22. Petiion by teermrcie n3Nvme 15,fo he-oe uao Che4aulWtoiadteOabln epe raiain idok Sout WetArc, oteScetr-eea WE ASK UNOTO PASS RSOLUTION ALIGONSUHARC.TDESTFM CARIG U EMVLO ACN RMTER EIETA RA CHIE HOSE KUTPK CHE4AUE IB SA UOAPEIETOFOABLN EPE 4ORGANISATION 24eiin ytlga rcie n7Nvme 99,fo he oe uaoChe Saue 44bo n h vmoadPope raiain idok Sot WetArc, oteScetr-eea PRPRAINSFR EOALO ARCASFOMTEI AN GINTTHI WSE HAV BGU I WNDOE SOPTAE MMDITEACIO T PEVNTIT CHE HOE444 O HEFSME WTOI SA4UCA RSDNTO1MLN EPE ORANSAIO 4. Peiinb ete ae 12 Noeme 199 rm h cin omte authrize toassit te Adisoy BordWindoek Souh Wst Aric In te Wndhek dvetisr o th 5t Ocobe, 159 r- otgete th

A/A ....73/3~i = Engliish Pageii9i Th surn i Mr. Pieii r l c t the mei and asked permission to attend which+21 was~iiip g by the Cirman. The...... purpose of the m n wa to a it a valuator who wuld ii i African houses in the present Locations. The non-EuropeaniAdvisoriiioa i hadben i nstructedl by iihe Governmentto telllii= the Africans ini the Locatioi to appoii aluator. There we thre sp ak r whoiili iii! spokei on behalfl of! the Afr iii iiiicas. Th fi rs speake sa !iiiiiii iiiiiiiii l ii i ii i=liiiilid theyi~ iiiiiiiiil i!iilii iiadl ref se tc bei ilil iii iiemoviedi toiiii "Y T TU A and!i !iiiiiiiliiiii i! ]iiii i would ~i~iiiii~i th r f r no eii l ect~iii aiiiii vaiiiii l uator. ~liii i~~iiiiiiiIl~iiii®il!i Mr.ilii Pogite repie ithatii~ii ifth frcaswee o tyigtob i aboiutiiiliiiiili wouldiliii avoidi troubleiiiiiiiiii he must relz tha ifi wewrorilemvdt "KA UTi weii w oul not.....pe..e.ul..n..i.f..e...... mustiiiiii r a i i= that peace ought tobe reciprocal Mr.~ii iiiilir~ai tha if:'i th epewr euigt pon autr he ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ == would= cocld thtteieeosrcigtewr hc a ien timiiiiiii byii at 'YiATUTURAii Ifithis is regarded as seeking trouble, it is iroof ofithe oppressioniiii )ii meted outiiiii~ toiii th Arcaswhc wiiiiscmpa but hol

...... = = == = ,! = ...... = = ==: .A / A C . 7 3 /3===...... = *'!I... i.....i a...... glisih:i iiiiiiiiiiiIi~ililiiiii~iii i iiii~i £i£ i i~li~i£ =ili=liii ii~lii~~iiiiiEP a g e 9 5i ~i~ ?!< =ii=i agreediii to thei~iiii ho d n of i such aii meii etiiii i ng buit noi dat was f ii iii£@iiii iii Ii ii i~ iiiii~iiliiil£iii i xe an wel areiiI~ii si ll iwiiillitiniilgi fo thatli me ti g Thei Avi s r Bo r repeate thiieili re u s oniiiii~iiilIiiliii21iiiiiiI!li 41iiiiiiii liliiii i ...... i1ii4tiiiiii Octoberiiiiii~iiii~ 195 fo ai pub i~i;ilc i m e ing They proposediiiliiii tha the Cihiiiiiiefiiiii Na iv C ommissioner...... an Mr....*...... % ...... =...... ==, d e r...... s nt...... = Ifii thei pu li m e ing£iiii£ii ii li I ii ii i i ii calUi wiieii sh l co cl d tha th Govermentiii i£iiiiii i Aii is afrai...... to hea th trt whic the11 nonEuopan wi~iil giean...rasn ...... the refuse...... mov...... p ...... f o...... holding a meeting, we will not depart from our dec "] ===iic iisiiiiion of refusig toibe move asiiiiiiiiriefuiiiii iii d m c a icaiiiiiiiliii lyl~iii~iiil~i j si fiiia ble Th me t n was cl se wit the= == = agreementi betwee Mr Ptiiiiii aiini thei Boardmeni thatii anothe meetin would beiiiii iiiii !ii!iiiliiiili c a l l e d .l~i£ii iiii~llili liiililii iiiiiiiiiili iIi £iii ths stht n196 h Ministeriliiiiii~iiiii of i Na ie~ Affaii!ir indcae inthUio Senat tha sic Nativ Affirs ini lli=ii South il Wes Afic no elpatial ne theilii samiiotrlia i th io of South Afia a geaerleaureofliigei could e broght aout btweentheitoiarea.iTheminiseristteditaticorectl siutdadaeut aieLctosaeshdbe eetdadpoiinmd frtermvlorelnigoinorclitutdLctos Th iite ecie ntefloigwrsterqieet hc a

A/AC .73/3 English Page 96 When the Africans asked the Manager of Locations why they were not building the new houses in the old location, he replied that the area was too small for expansion and that there were two cemetries one for Europeans and the other for Non-Europeans which would prevent the expansion of the Locations. He said there was inadequate grounds for sports grounds and parks. On the 27th November, 1958, Mr. van der Watt of the Native Affairs Dept. said at a meeting that the Location was going to be removed so as to be closer to the industrieswhich were being established near the new Township. Proofs that the Locations will be removed in accordance with the decision of the Union Minister of Native Affairs and not for the reasons given by Mr. van der Watt and Mr. de Wet are as follows: There is a cemetery in the European residential area but the European town has expanded inspite of the cemetery. The cemetery is hemmed in by the European town. Europeans are not being removed from the vicinity of the cemetery. The Locations in the following towns will be moved away from industries and the European towns:- Gobabis, Okahandja, Cmaruru, Walvis Bay, Keetmanshoop and Luderitz. The Locations in the above towns have enough areas for sportsgrounds and parks. All these nonsense about cemeteries, industries, sportsgrounds and parks suited the Africans of early times who were deceived-by Eajor.Leutwein that their guns were sick and that they should have them injected and it resulted in the Africans losing their lands and other property. Whenever people were removed from their lands in South West Africa, it was always the Africans and not the Europeans and they-were removed from what were regarded as white areas. The Africans have therefore more knowledge of the evils of removals than the Europeans. There is no doubt that the Africans are despised and are regarded as objects which can be pushed about so as to facilitate the expansion of the so called white areas. It is strange that the Minister of Native Affairs had the face to make a law in the Union of South Africa for the Africans of South West Africa in the absence of African representativesand exported it to south West Africa. The Africans would welcome the construction of new houses in the old Location provided their wages have been increased and regulations that will be agreed upon between the Africans and the Town Council but not the oppressive regulations made by the Town Council for the new Township.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 97 With regard to the removal, we wish to remind the South West Africa, Administration that Apartheid is responsible for the injustices and bad conditions under which we the Africans live in South West Africa and for whichthe South West Africa Administration and the Union Government are criticised by the rest of the world. Tile cannot be expected to support Apartheid at a time when we and the rest of the -world are busy trying to eradicate this evil. Our decision to refuse to move to the new Township is firm and final. E.S. Vetira J.G. Muundjua A.A. Kapere R. Meroro E. Tjiuma (Signed) R. Kavendjaa ACTIOU COMMITTEE AUTHORIZED TO ASSIST THE ADVISORY BOARD 25- Petition, by letter dated 23 November 1959, from Chief Hosea Kutako, Tindhcek, South West Africa, to the Administrator of South West Africa Re: Removal of Windhoek Location to Katutura Township As the municipality of Windhoek has decided to remove the African people living in the Windhoek location and because the people have refused to move giving their reasons, to which, reasons, the municipality has not as yet replied and because the municipal authority is proceeding with preparations for removing the people. 1, as a person with first hand knowledge of the evils attached to forcible removals, wish to inform Your Hon. as to my experiences concerning such mass removals. -1. At first we were living at Augaigas, Sesbalie and Onjoroha; here we were told that we should be given Orumbo, Okatumba etc. as the present land was too small for a people to multiply and that we were to be given land where we should spread and which will be ours for generations. 2. Later, when we settled at these places, we were told that there were no grazing at these places and that we should take our cattle out during the dry seasons and graze them at Okambondona etc. We did as we were told but when we wanted to ccme back during the rainy season, we found that wire had been erected by the authority and-we were prevented to return by them.

A/AC .73/3 English Page 98 5. Then from there 'we were told that we should be removed to Epukiro; but as the people suffered great loss through their previous removals and because they were promised that the places would be theirs for generations, they refused to move. Force was resorted to by the Government and windmills were pulled down, houses burned down and people were bombed. The same thing happened at Waterberg, Rehoboth, Otavi, Rietfontein etc. This removals caused my poor people great loss in household and other belongings cattle and even loss of human life for which losses no compensation was made. 4. Further the municipality maintain that there is a cementry to west of the present site of the location and accordingly the location cannot be expanded farther west. There is a cementry in the European residential area of Windhoek but the European town has expanded inspite of the Cementry. The cementry is hemmed in by the European town. The Europeans are not being removed from the vicinity of the cementry. The locations in the following towns will be moved away from industries and places of work: Gobabis, Okahandja, Cmaruru, Walvis Bay, Keetmanshoop and Luderitz. The locations in the above towns have enough ground for parks and sportsgrounds and no cementries. Whenever people were removed from their lands in South West Africa, it was always the Africans and not the Europeans and they were removed from what were regarded as white areas. The Africans have therefore more knowledge of the evils of removals than Europeans. There is no doubt that the Africans are despised and regarded as objects which can be pushed about so as to facilitate the expansion of the socalled white areas. It is strange that the Minister of Native Affairs had the courage to make laws in the Union of South Africa for the Africans of South West Africa in the absence of the African Representatives and then export them to South West Africa. For these and the enclosed reasonsLY given by the people themselves; I submit that the people are justified in their refusal to be moved to another site and therefore beg to implore Your Honour to intervene and refrain the municipal authority from removing the people against their will. (Signed) Chief Hosea Kutako 35/ The statement enclosed with the letter is the same as that reproduced as enclosure B of annex XIX in the report of the Committee on South West Africa to the General Assembly at its fourteenth session (A/4191).

26. Petition, by tel.egr'am received on Deccmber 1959,.fom Chief Hosea Kua1ko 7hief Samu~el Wtbooi and the Ovail1oar Peoples Organiation Widok FOCIL RMVAL OF AFRICANS FR.OM THIR L~AND BEGN I WINDHOEKI SITUATION EXPL&OIVE FOUR. PESONS IN~ JAIL STOP TAKEIMMEDIAE ACTIO CHlIEF HOSEA UAOCIFSMEWTBI SAM~ VAIJCM PRSIEN OVM N PEOPLES ORANSAIO 27 Ptiton bytlgaOFevdo 1Dcmer15,fc he oe uao Cief amu~l Wiboi the TOvabln PeoplesA Oraiainad h ot Arica ~ational Unon Windhotek Southn West AfiaoteScetr-eea MAS REMOVA IN WIDHE FORCE USE AGANS AFRICAN STO ELVEILE THIoRmTYTW ERIOUSL INJRE SIUAIN RIIALTAEIMEDAECTO CHE OE UAOCIFSME IBI

D/A $ .73/3l ~ W$D f'IOT~L (s14 e~Ft i gned) jarirbund KOOGU Enclosure List~~~ ofcsate 4 Benit q tch

Ovambc Ev Dan~iel. Kasindele $ imbandi Paul Domingo Jeroboam Mthews (ii) moran o the back Asearly as 1947 pln were ben dicsedt imrvelvncodtnsf te resients of h Wnhoe Loatio.Btnohn a dnni the Natinls Part was r~etuned to powerandh Miite if Native Affir anoucdi apar'tneid plans. I15 te admiistration ofteArcn n'Suh',etArc as transf~ere to th eatetooaieAfiso h no fSuhArc an thu ame directliti the puveqf teaprhiplnofteMnse. are anat of an othe railgop odveomn tali aloedi th bfe r~ strip. As b fa aspsil octo utas beiagnal awa frmaErpentw. Plansfo e4 anectsp weerse nteTwaoni fWnhe n theatio obetdt the anner in whcI t hl ceev en ade at a meeting held on 22.1.1959 inthe Windhoek Locto le e ad G n tel th peopethat it is o snl ar mebrwosi4t u hti a decdedbyLoca~l Authitiand the Adiitation" TheAdmiistration anyoa uhrte hain deciedthe fias ah tthe prss In 1958 th fis 1etr perdi h idokArie an the______wihthe sceewsbsd4hypitdotteeooi n iaca adhp the t'e will be busare toa be paid; these willI not be comnatewt h lowwaes~ of the people; to the request fo highr wages the Admnisnttration 's rep:ly wa ta they cou~ld not foQrce employers~ to pay higher waese; the majority of the pepl in th old. locationl just walk to work and. they do not have to incur transport Th~ey fuxrther~ stated that as inhbibtants of' South West Afr~ica the residents othe Windoek Location had an inheirent rit to the and they iivei oni and to deriethem of it would be a violation of th~at right. Afe satings that they were not opposed to impr~ovement theysad "Apatheid should not be confused wth impovement. The policy of aated mae the in'terests of the Euroeans pamon whilst depriving the Afiaso cnomi opotuniis eatonal avancemuent and the enjymntof poltia rigat. The Africans are terefore not prepared toacp n ceeo plan wich is based onl apartheid as they have The Pess aise tematter in on of th aoaress Conferences and he disiseditas jut ppgna of the "rondloper~ kaf±ers" (kaffir-.1oafers). This inese the Africas very much and th~e Press was flooded with letters attakin th Maor' "irespnile" statement, and declaring 'that Africans we Ediorils n te Press also regretted th "unfotnate" statement of the Mao nd apeldto the Myr to arrange a meeting with~ the loca'tion residents Inl the end teTwConipromised 'that as son as Mrh. Bruwer Blignaut (Cie Native Commssioner) returned to Windhoek from the United N~ations, that a meetng oul be hed A4etn wa held on the 27-11-1958. Present were the Member~s of the AdvioryBoad and the Committee of Advisors to the Boardmembers (the latter were repnil f ~or most of 'the letters in the Press), the Mayor, Mr. Jaeap Snyman, the upeintndet o Locations (M~r. P.A. d~e Wet), and thej Urban Areas Commissionler in ~ th aive Affai~rs Department, Mr. v. der Wth. Mr4z. Van der >Wath gave the reasons for the intention to move the people. 1. Liin onditionse in' the location were appalling. 2. Tehalth of the people left much to be desired. There was itl light in their huts and no fresh air whatsoever.

English Page 103 3.. The living conditions had a bad effect on the working capacity of the people.~ The result was that many workers were only able to do a half-day's work in a day, and such people could not expect higher wages. 4., The new site 'was chosen because there was room for epansion and moreover the future industrial site of the City will be on that side so that workers will1 be near places of work. 5. The rents wuld be htier bkut te 100 per cent improvmn in health facilities and. other series justified the higher rnts The people could request reduction in rents if the incm acon shwe a big surplus. The rents would be ga.9.6d and those wopurchased. the houses would only pay a for the services. Th meing ended in confusi-on as the Mayor refused to anwer usin u to him. On the 2,8.11.1958 the ten Superintendent of Loaios Mr PA.eWt stated that the. people would be moved to facilitate 'the imlmato of th Apartheid plicy. He further stated that th Advisory Bord hadcnetdoth removal, This was denied by the Mmers of that Board on the 3011.98aa public meeting in the Location. Another meeting 'withM.PA de Wet was held on 22.115 atwhchemd itclear tat the decision to move the people was unilaterally takenb h Administration and the local authorities. This the Advisory Board mebr rpre to the residents of the Location who decided unanimously that thywrao on to move. This was the position in March 1959. On .5.15 Mr ±ogi one u tthe Committee on South West Arica that the Windhoek Locatio "is ante su which will create a very explosive situation in South 'West Africa inthe near f'uture". 4.10-1959: The location superintendent callaed a meeting in th

12.10-1959Mr Koz rnguizi told the Fourth Comttee of te General Assembl.y of~~~~ th Nta h diitatio was contemltn US ung force (gun, machine gunaduldoers) to mov theeple to the new location. 291-959; A pulcmetn as held inthe Locaion underthe Chairanship of~~ Mr Poge, te Location superintendent. Present were: Mr Hager (Chief' Magistaeo Wi ndhoek); Mr.' B. Blignut, Cheftiv C omfissoner; Mr.Jaa Snman Myor of Windhoek; Mr. de Wet, MaaeroMncpal Native AffairsT Dept. M.Vndr Wah ra Aas Comsinri h aiv far eatet Colne D Peez, ea o th "ecetBranh cr plitialbranc of the ot by~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~3,0-,0 loainrsdns counry o baly hat her wa n copratio bewe wrce d no wirts han 1.11195: Te Lcalautoriiesbegn wth.theevauaton f te Housst i A dpuatin f Dmaa e te requestedrethe Admini strao fthertory Mr.~ ~ ~ DanVloe)t ee hmwhc eree to do.j and Kapetb an gra fear."att~e~In mov).Polcetried to ar'rest thepol h wer pcketting. Two men ware arreistedi]ii'ii(iiFrani s K iiiiiii iiiiiiiii ii ainidi anotheirii iiii un{ i dentii ~ i f i i ed iiiimani)i. i~iiliiii iiiiiii ii iii ] A ] were cuioiyekes Two oad three thusn pepegterdtee todLmta h epl eentteet aodmg ande aske hi ayteplc werethere.Lombard a aded theowere there to maintain lpawp ad orer. Hetwasptold that the people did notthreatenanyoneand overheardt menio omehn bu tng .A h epebgnt ev poiiiii0iialice began t fie i nto te crowd. The police just fired at random. P fe Someiiiiiiii atte i 0o 0 i ate by 0hrwi stones afterithe were fired upon. The fi iiig cntinued for aboutii5imin0iis ani oieri500iroHidsifiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiifire0. Mr.iiiiiii iiiiiiiiii added i thaiiii no y E were kill ed o wounded a ri the poiit slihtl damaged. iiiiA£ stateof emergeyhas beendeclared.Nomeetiiiiiii any kind except church iiand bil src can bei held. Any vioata ofathis is subject to tiiieii isix months'iiiiiiii ipisonment. Armoured cars wiiii machiiiigiiiiiatriiiiieiireiii i siiii%1iiiiiiiiiiii~ii e f i veii aniiii: i sundown. Mr.i Nuijii o"mai Presidentii of theiii iii Ovaiiimibiioiai ni dii iiiiiiii People 'siii! ~i===i%,ii===!¢ i T=ii iii i===i == =!i=iii [= %+ i=;']& 1i~i;iiiii plic wer sentii to iiioan oe ai trba area. He say tha the pi c we e s n the pe pl asiiiiiii:iiliiiiiLiili~ill~li was don in Windhoek.i However, thei people inii i ',iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiii~iiiii~ .. iiiil==i:iiii l====:=iii=i= i dii d not mak anyiii£=: trouble.i...... i I: i 7 -]££

30.Pettin, by teegra recived on 15 Dleember, frmCief Hosa Kut81ko and th Oamo0n Pepe Organistion, Wnhok South West Arica, to th~e JAOBKUANUASEREARY OF VABLN PEOLE'SORGNSTO ND NATHENIAL ~ ~ MAVSERTYOF SUHWES~T AFRIXCA NAIAONAL UNION~ WER~E 31 9eiin ytlga reeie o 1 Decembpe 99 fro Chefr Hose KuQf 7idh9k South Wes Afrca to the Secreary-Gnera

Athog the Africans live sparate from the Euopeans todythi residentia2l area is regarded to be too closea to teEuropea residentia ara The Afrian are opposed to the removal becauseth Aparthi Poic is responsibl.e fre the injustices under whichi the y live inouth WestAfrc;sc as lack of politicl rights, inadquate uati ona fi iti ai facilities, unsuccessfl famig the restrictio of temvmnso h Africn in the lan of their birth, lo aebnihet0n termvlo Africa from th~eir lands. All thee injustices whic aerlgtdteArcn to the status of slaves are mee u to the Afrcn only but noet t h puzrpose of payin opnain the ~ .4 Adinstaoragst th e tns n h arr5est fteAriasb h The Aiitao refse to hear thm Helf the stadn t her an yad.H then ordre th~em to teaeh groun imeiaey The polic todohe sppiose bic d They were fe Z3 e T heiiii~l A friiiii i i!iiiii i!!ii i liiili i c n t oii i!i!iiiii iili!! i iiil~ii~iiilll ld t h e M aglli iiii l ii! iiii iii iiii i s r t t h a t h e y c o l n o t u n d e r st a ndi w h t h e iriiiiiiii i ii i lliiiiiiiil li i~liiiiiiiiii iii ii~iiii'ii i~~iiiiiiii~ iiiiii!iiii~ i~iiiiii houses were being evaluated while they had refused to move to the new location, £ £ ==iiiii iil~ii=i~i!iii;i=ilii! i i~iii~i ii ii ii =ii I ==i0: ii ! ==iiiiiiii :!: ~ iiii ~ ~ii0i i£i bu h vlaincniud On.=i!liliiiiii the~iIQli=iiil~Iii~iIIiiIi 8thiiili!ii!il December 1959 the Africans decided to boycott Municipal Beer Hall, ,=,,i: ii~i~ ii~i== ,~===!!====i :; ii=II======"=iii = ';iii!=="=i===== :::::::::::::: i b u s esiii a nii c in e m a.i iii li iiii i iiiiiiiili~iii!iiiii ii~iI!iiiiiili iiiiii ~ ii0 ii ii~ illi i!ii~~iiiil iii0 1iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i li ii i ~ ] 0i~ ii0 iii000 i1!i0 iii ii iiiiiii00 iIII O ni£!iiii£1i=£i £i=£1i~i iil t h ei ili l o f D e c em b e r 1 9 5 9 a tii 3 o 'c l o c k p ii!=i]==iiii~. =' m . a special Advisory Board metn a ovndb h onCucil The ofiil rsetwr h

Pag 108W~Q ~ ~ nti addessd te Afrcn in treateing attitude "He wh does not hear mut feel," said~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Majo Lobrrpatn nm prvntn th pepl to us tear i4b a si crowd . Two p who w t g he iwi th ii were u j t a Ti tei r re lase hi ch was yi . 4< c for police reinforcement. Thepol ce for e u de Mai Lombardii~ii iiiii ar ie andiliiiii or ee ithellI peop l iiiiliiiiiil to il disperse within f ::::::::i li= minutesi: i:i...... :i: ii lleade iriisi ii iiiiIiiililiifii iithel iiii illAifricans 111 requiiiiiiiiiesitedii ifor moiriiiellii£ii ii iiii llii111%111 ii i £l~ timieiiliiiii to enbl themil to pe su d theii peopleliiiiiiiiiii toiii~iiiiiiiiiii go.iii iiiiiiiii~ iiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiili As .... th pepl e turned toiiiiii goii thei police firedliiiiii£ii without warining killingi ii severali i %i iii~i£iiiii£%i %iiiiiiiiii i ~ ££ii£ii iiii~iiiiiii £ i %ii iiiiiii£i%111 i i~ iii£ii %iiiiiiiiiii£i iii %£iiiiiiiii! % i+i ~i£iiiii%£i%% i iili ! £! people The Africans reacted by throwing stones. The pol i c e r et r e at e d in t o the iiiiiiilii iiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiihiiiiiii M un i ip a o f f c e f ro w hii~~iii~liiiiiiiiiiiii1iii~~iii e y i fiiiiieiii k~iiiiiii iiiiiil iiili ng miiiioiiiiiii reiiiiiiiiiiiiii piiei opii le. iiiiiilii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii~~iiliiiiiiiili~iii iiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii L a e th mii£iii~iiii££iiliiili t a ry fo r ceilii camelliiililiiii~iiii ini!ili a rm o u red~iiil ca rsliiiiii w it m a h n gun s.iiiii T h eyiiillliiiiililliiiiiiiiii f irediiiiii ~iiiiiiiiii ~ilil iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii i ilill~iiiiiii iii iiiiiii~i~iiiiiii~iii iiiiiiiiiii£iiii shots at random with'the result that some people were hit by bullets in their h o m eii iiiii iii iiiiiii iii si.li iii liliiii i ii iii iiiiiii i iii iiil ii i : Th: e European Communiityii hadii iiiillliiiilli iiililiii il beeni iinformed aboutiiliilili# ili ii liiiiil i theiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiii planned attacikiii i h i ii on Africiansi i %%£iiiii ~£ ~£££££ii££ii££iii %££1£! £ii~i £ i iiii £££I£iiii~££%%£iii~i~~i%1iiii£i i~i%% ii%1££%! a da b e or thei attack.iiii i ii iiiliiiiiiiiiiiThe Europeansii iiii iii iiii whoi ii i livieiiiiiiiiiiiil ii iniii iitiheiiiiiiiii!iiiiii vicinityiiii iiii iii o fiii~ iill ~iiiiii iiiiiii iiiiiili iihle i location ii ~i~iii~ iiii!i~!i w e r ei iiilllii i iliiil t o l d iiiiiiiliiiilii i !iiiiii t o e v a c u a t e b e f o r e t h e a t t a c k b e g a n. iiiiili!iiiiiiiii ll~~iill~li!liiil~illii~ W eiiiliiii h ave1iiiii re so toiiiiii b e iiiii iiiiiiii1iii iiiii~liliiiiiiiiiiiiii li eveiilii tha th e atta ck w asili p remieidltat ed . W ith in twoi daysii~iiiiiiiiiii iiii ilii i!iii~ii ~iiiiiii ~l~ii ~ii l i~ iill~ iiiiiii ~ll~iiiiii iiii iiiiiiiil~~ ii!ii~ i as fro theiiliiii~ii day£iiii ofi~iiiii thei~iiiiii~iiiililii i ci denti th Europeaniiiiiiii~iii Cormuunityii~ in Windhoek b ought more thanl~iii=iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiii~iiii£iiii~iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiii~iiiii~iiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiii iiill iiiiiiiiiiiii~iiiiiii~ twoi thusn revover an ils re nt aebe lcda e o iion a roun Wi n dho ek.iiii T wo m i iii£ ii iiiii£iii ili i t r aii!!iiiii iii iliii liiii i r c a t arriiiiiliii£ii iii iii iiii£i i v e ii iiiii i i n Wiiiiiiiiiii i n d o e f romiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii tiiiiiieii U niiiiiiiii~iiiii i o o fiiiii~iiiiiiii£ii~iiiiiiiiii i~iiiiiii~iiiiiili S o u t h A f r i c a .: = : Q i 'ii ~iiiiii~i=, ii:i ii~ i iiiii i iliii: iiii~i i~ iiiii !ii~iiiiiiil i i = iiiiiiiiiii=i iiiiiii~iiiii:2ii

It is obvious from the above statemen tht the , s tto i

Pae 110 Windhoek has just become a war camnp. The Lo~cationl is being patrolled day adnight 'by aroured cars and armed police jeeps and miachine guns. We strongly requ~est the U~nited N~atiions to urge upon the Union Governent to wthdraw its policea and defence f'orces f'rom South West Africa. The Ujnion Government h~as appointed Mr. Justice Hall Judge President for Suh West Africa to investigate the cause of riots8 in Windhoek Loation. But as whaeno faith in the Union Government we do not trust a~ny commission appointed bthe Unio Goernet. We are afraid that such a commission will3 not 'be free frm mprialit taking from the atmosphere in which the commission will invstigate. We therefore ask the United Nations to send. en impartial commission to ouh West Africa immediately to investigatin the recent killings and shootings ofAricans in the Windhoek Location by the Union Govrnment for~ces. It is abslutely necessary that a United Nations Commission shold visit SuhWest Afric immditely because the ab~sence of a United Nations Commission iSoth West Africa has created the impression amnong Government officials in Sot Wes Afic and the >Union that the Unted N'ati-ons is far away in New York~ and illnever set its foot in South. West Africa to prevent them flo oppressing th Afr icans. The debates on Suth West Africa in the United Nations during the past 1yea woul have been effective had the United Nations sent a commission dur'ing tht period.

FaEngli 36. Petition, by letter dated 29 D~ecember 1959, from Chief Hlosea 1Ktako , Chief Samuel. Witbooi, the Ovamboland Peoples Organiseati.on and the Sout West Afr'ica National Union, Windoek, South West Africae, to the Secretary-General We wish to inform~ you with grave concern that the situation in Wndoek Location is still. tense. The pol~ice patrols have culminated in the raids of Airican homes. The homes~ of Chief Hlosea Kutako, Sam Nujpoe,. President of the Ovamboland Peoples Organisatio (his deportation still pending), Louis N~elengani, Vic President of the 0vmoln Peoples Organization, Will.y Kaukuetiu, Vice Peident of the South West Africa National~ Union, Uaseta Mhuha , Secretary-General of the South West Africa N~atoa Union, Ne, anael Mbaeva, Organizing Secretary of the SouthWest Pfrica Nationa no (already deported), the house of the late Mr. Brnhard Gutsclh, bothr of Mr. Mburumba Keri1na Getzen, and four other prominent Afrcans were raie ysera morning, the 28 December 1959. Documants confiscated from the 'various peoplie inclding United Ntions documents, pamphlets, books personal. letters a~nd documents of various politial organisations, note and minute books as well as nwspa~pers and moe.Asmo Z90 set aside by Chief Hosa Jutako for the maintenance of MrJariret.nd Kozonguzi and a Bank book of the Ovambolar4 Peoples Organisation andasu ofE4 ncas from the same Oganisation were also confiscated. in the raid. Shootings. The Government i.s deliberately creating hostili-ty between Black and White and as a result more than two thousand rifles and revol.vers were bought by the white community of' Windhoek within the month of December and irresponsible shootings have alr'eady occurred in the country. On the 27th D)ecember 1959, three Africans were shot by unidentified Europeans on the 0 ala a - Windhoek main Road. It has become a common slogan among some -whites sections that they will. exterminate the Africans before the United Nations takes the country over. In the light of this grave situation, we appeal to the United Nations to treat this matter as urgent. sgn)Ce IseKt1o (Signed) Sam Nujoma Preside~nt

37.Peiton, by leter dated 2 Janu~ary 1.960, fro Chief Hosea Kutako, Chief :amTe Wtbooi, he Ovamboland. Peoples CEnistion and the South Wet Africa Naetional Union~ , W~n ek, South West Aifrica, t o the We woul ike to inform you that two Africans iho were ijured in the sotings of Africns by te SouXth African Goverment forc es on the 1.0th Decemaber 199died in Widok One of' themf dido the 18th Decemlber and the other' one Shooing intheteritoy ae still, cntinuing. One. Africa woma washot dbthe Groontein diict. As we pointed out in our p eios lteofhe 29th Deember' 1959k, som setions of the white communty saytha tey il exterinte the Aficansbefore the Unied tons taes the cut over. Ara who are killed i s a vest i gate by e Ithe lih fti rv~e si~tuatio we ash e United Nations to senad a suprvioryComissonto Sout West Afri±ca imediately, as we bhelieve tht the presence~~~~~ ofaUie11tcsCmmsinwl not only stop these il.legal, k~illings butit il inuc th Goenmn to ine tat such killngs fSi~gna H~osea Kutakc Chief Hosea Kutako Chief~ Smuel Wi tbco~i Sam Nuj(m Pesidentof the Ovambol2and Peoples CEanisaticn Willy IKeu4uet President of th South West Africa National Union 38.Pettio, y lette dae 21 Janary 1960, fro Chief Hosea Kutako, the vamolan Peple Oraisation and th outh West Africa National. Unio, Wndhek, Suth West Africa, to the Secret jry-7enral Theforibl evalutio ocf African houses whc was ssended~ on the ocasion of~~~~~~~ kilig of~ twleAfias1. esmdo the 4th January190 Th pocdue adoted by the Govermn is as follows: A note is sent to the Afican huse ower telin him that hi.s house would be evalua~ted on the date mentone~nthenoe and that he. should be present.

Whena the valuator' comes on the apinted date he dead4h vleo i house. If the Aricn r'efuses to tell hmor~ if he ise not preet thxevlao ~uually writes down~ the value which accordin to his own judgmenti ufcet The Govenment is simultaneously using indirect presur to intjimdtth people to go to the new Location - "Katutura&' Africn are unutly beigise with prohibition orders preventing them from remainDingiD h rclie rao Windhoek as is the cas

3.Ptition, b~y letter dated~ 22 January 190, from Mr. Mburumba Kerina, Ne Yrk o te Secetar of the Comtte on South West Arica Encloedpeasefind (1) statement on Souith West Africa from the South Afia National Congress; (2) account of the arrest and deportation of Tghe statemet from~ thie African National~ Conress was attached. to a peronal lette. Th accoun of the arrest and deportation of Mr. Jacob Kuhangua was a porionofa personal~ letter. Plae make these~ materials immediatel~y available to the Committee o Enclosures (i)~~~ ~ ~ Ltedae8Jaur190fothe African National Congress, Joanesbug, (1)TheAFRCANNATONA COGRES f South Africa which has persistently appealed tt the Unite NtosOgnzation agais the atrocities perpetrated by heNatonlis Gvermet inmpleeing~ its Apartheid policy is gravely cnend atth extenion of thisa policy to South West Africa. (2) he ompetedenal f political. rights to the nonEuopean people&s of South Afria. and the use of force in the violent removal. of non-European people fro thir andandoe in~ order to enforce this policy of Apartheid has been the aus of anydeahs resultJing from police terrorism. ()These acts are, in themsel~ves., sufficiently deplorable

(AiAC i 73/i Englishi QPg 115 iiiiiiin th ie subject iiiiiiof iiiiiiiiii debateiiii at num iiriui ss of t e Al dt t contemp wi th hi ch t e Southi~ Afriii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiidiiihiiiii ii iof the U it i i. (5)Th ituation is further aggravated by t f that, not only doe the iiSioiuthi Ari can Government., stubbornly continii toii defy anid violateiiiii theiUiiiiiiiiiiiiiiraiiiiiif Human Rights, ut ti resorts to force and4violenc as riiii the peoli n an effort to i le any r thereto...r (6) In our view te nt of ici e i n direct c t with the Un ==,4i l Declaratiiiiiiiiuma.=Riiiiiby the South iiiiinliieiien=inSou h .ii West Af ia caiillsli for the i directiiiiiiI~~iiiiiiM interventiiiiiiiiii on o thei Unitiediiiatioiis Orgiiaiiiation.i to Katutu iira iwhihrsle iiiiiin the = det of twle fian n h inhe loai ma welcnttt nato grsioyteSuhArcnGvrmn agans th pepeo othWsfia (7 e oewihcnnta h ot fia Gvrmni natmtt cofueth ise, hsapo ne omsinofiqiyt nesiaetecue of~~~ ~ th prtssi ot etArc.A hi omsini pone yoeo the~~~~~ parie cocreadi ailyecuivbigcmoe fWie ny

F ,7 7 74i iii!iI4i[ i1 i£= ,i i:Ii i i~ iii 1ii liiIi! ii £iiliiiiliii l li~ i1 ii iliii~ i£iiii ii£i i i!£iiii ~iii i iii~ iiii iiiiii£ii i ii ii iiii ii /AC.73/3~iii i£i=il ] ~ ~ =l iil iil li! iili!Ii i l~ f!i i*i i['*l CIi E n g l i sh ii ii~ i l l!i ;= ii iiiiiiiLiiiiiii£ii il ii£ii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiliiii~i] i i i iiii ii ijiiiI Pag 116 ~iliil ii iiiii!iiiiliiiiiiliii!ii~liiiiii @ SH (11) we !! arei coiinviliiiiiic d t a h o u i n o h pi robiiiii l emsiil ofiii~ South= @ W iestiiiiii~iiiiiiii~ Afric wil depend Kiiiiiii~ upo the recogn liiii of hei oveiigty f te idignou peoples,~ i andii acceding toi tiheir deman for Unite Naton Trsesi as afirs st epii t o w rd sel f -riul e .£iii ~~ilii ilii ii iiiIi iliiii ~ii~iiiiiiiiiiii iiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiii1ii ~i ~!il i~i~ili i~ii~li4=@iiiiilil liil~iii (Si@ i g n e d)i Diiliiiiii ...... iiiNio kiw e iii~ l! iiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiliiii ...... 2 iii i iiii iiiiiiiiiiiiii ii iiiii iii lili il lliii iii iiii!iiiiii @iiiiii iii!~i l iiiili iii iiiiii 7]iiii ~~ ~ ~ ~ ec et r General: iiiiiiiiii£iiiiiiiii iiliiiiiii~ i~iiiiii~iiii~ii£iii - ,i % ...... Accountiliiiiiiii of theiarrestiandideporta ioniof Mr.iJaciiiiiiiiii Mr.ii~i~ii Ja ob H!iiiiwh as be n liin ...... Cap Town an recentl i i Widok h r eh sb e s itantiiiiiiiiiiiii~'iii~ii secretaryili iiiiiiii Ovab Peole Oraisi on, -wasiiili' arese byii the! police ther on 17 Deceber ai~ week afe the riots.iiiiii He w s p a e n er e c r ,a d l d t get into .... car Hei i:iiiiiiii:i ::.: '! was i takeni,, t=o i,!i2 Ovmoadweete ett naga i sotw niothofcefte Chief.... Bat far omsinr u M.Khnu a etotie Afe hi hy u imi nohrcawthu aing nyhintoi r asking.... hi antig Then~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ fthetohi otePruus odradcosdt oncle Onamakunde.~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ;N] TeetetokimtaPotgeeofca.Hssoronsitn ofi AfricansiH spoke toi thei Port gues off cia an ad T i iiliiIil you man, aiiiiiiii Ii ~ iilii~il li politician.i Heiii~IIliiiiI isii und sir le He iisiii disturbing our country.iiiiiiii I n...... Il ii~~ifrontii~ofieveyon th Poruges of ica ase Mr Kuanu wher he hadiiiII£~llIi~i...... benbr." a or nSuhWs ficteohi ie ftebre" i

! i/ii iiiii Ag ii The goenment isdigntigfrhm n iighmntig iiduiii Halli im ii l!ii= ...i ...... i, S imon Sh> i v t and louls Ne e g i Windhoek, 4 South West Afri t the Secretary-General AFRi!i,ICANS...... ARE FORCED TO L THEIR ...... S ITiiiiTIiOi C R I T I C A L S EiiiN D ii iiiii iii! i i T O i I i£iii=li iiDiNGA ViA PALI SIMON SHIVUTEiLOUISiiE EiGANi 41.i Petition, byiI teega received on 6 Miairii 1960,li froim the ReiiiMichaelSc - C -Ciaiito theGiiiii Cha i£iiran ofii iomi t e nes fr c i I -FF[!iii iiLY TO FETITIN YOU IE iiiEIiiS OF HALLS ...... R I O T S A N D R E°P ...... U i PiETiiii iii!iiiiiii IC Ni EiRiSiiiiili !ii i iiii~~~MCHE SCOTTAIi i i NI; 42 eitin ytlg eevdo 8Mrh16,fo h e.McalSot Tuit h himno feComte nSuf etArc PEIINYOASSEUIYCUCLATOAGISCOTNIGTRAPAE SOTWS AFIC MIHE SCT 43.~~~~~ Peiin, by:12 letrdtd2 uy 90 rmCifHse u idok t Sout WetArct h@ ertr-eea A/AC .73/ I hve en yo a eprt on teevenits le to th kilngs of' the 44 Ptiio, y eterdaed23July 16,fo the~ South Wet AfrcaPeopes int~ Sout West Africa inWidoe bfre195 Teno te4t day~z of~l Jul 196 h~e wa epre from 1e deore withou anyg~ereason.L ~y~wer On he8t dy f ul 160 Mr Hahuaamebro ou aSot Wp~est~ Africa PepesOgaiaiowa rrse i ali By itot engi osesino a 'PLLAX'card, wichis he 4h pss ne hs t hae. n th 13h dyo

Theeor -we 'apel to the wold oranstin t hp us1 in our strgl to pu~t South West Africa under the truteehip of the UiedNtos hi yer (Siged) ouis Ne]# ani Petition forwarded t th UnonGoenet Crifc eofps ng fa registere posta 3aril N.198 .6 45. Pettiob letter date 2 _iuut16,frmM.SmNjo rsdn -outh -West Africa PeplsOranstin Nw okh i n o Comit tee on Sot Westiiii i ia ii I aveii the honourii to inform yu tha I have just received a letter f m t SecretaryGei nel of the South West Africa People's Organization in -which he eclosed aclppn fromt WindhoekAdetie of28J 1960 This article eal wi th vii i lence resuii i ng fro the vaiii l ioini of iiiAfri can'shouiesi capacity. O 2_ Novembe 199 Mr. Pte t 4 nhscpct stelcto Su pe r iliii i nt ende nti andiii theiii mu n ic ip ali p ol icei!!lili a ssiau lt edii l f ou r D am arailil i w om eniiii iii i iiiiiii -whoiili iiii re fu sediiiiiii iiiliiii iiii~ii~iiii~iiiiiiii~iilii~ liiiii~iiiiiii~liiiiiii~iliiiiiiii~iiiiiii £iiii~~iiiiiiilii!iii~iiiiiiiii~iilii iiiiiii1iiliiiliii t o~i h a vei th e iri iiihi iii-ii iui iii liiii valu atediii iiii!i i andi i l aterii a rre stediliiiiiiiiiliiliiii th em andi pu t th em in j a il b e c au seiiii lliiiil l i iiliii ~iii ~iiiiiii~ilii ~iiiii~ ~iii i iiii~iiiiliiiii iiii ~ ~iii!! ii ~ii ~~ii i~iiiiliii i~ii ~ ii iii~liiiii!lilli iiihi eyii o p p o s ediiiii t heiiii ii~iiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiii~iii ii l o c ati iiii i oniiiiiiiiiiiiii r e m o vaiiiiiiiliiiiiii ii iiiiii l .iiiii i iiiiiiiiiiiiiii~iiiiliiiiiiii liiiiiiUii~i~ iiii~iiii£iiiiiiiiiiBiii ii £ ii¢iiiiiE ii£iiiiiIiiiiiii iiii¢iiii The...... u.a....tion...... a...... n ...... Sout West Afrii!i i c cont!! ii ii i ne to carr on -wl~!ii i i!i i i th deportatli "i !!i i on and reovl of Afri ~ii=!!iii!i i!i !i!i £i£ i cans fro theiriii home andi~iiii tradi~, ii ilit iili~i,,ionl iii i! i ,iiiiiiiiiiiiiilandsoi! i ii~i i. ii,, i=i.. pea i,,l i ga in ,il onii! beha~!= l fi=i of the iii=iiii , ,i=o S ou thi iiiii ii~iii~ii~iii W e s t iiiiiiiiiii P e o l e ' O r a n z t i n t oi t h U n i t e d N a t i o nsiil C...... o n.. iii Soii uthiiiiii!ii~iiiliiiii Westiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiirliiciiiiiiiitioiiii taikie immediate measures against the South African governmentiiii~iiiiiiiiiiii~~iiiiiiiiiiii i~ii iiiiiiiiiiiiiIiii iii :iiiiiiii iiiii iiiii ii£;/i iil~ii ii iiiii i il i i b e o r t h a c tiiioiii ofii S ou t h Aifiiiiicaiii piioiliiicei andlli~iiliiililiiiiiii sioiliiiiiri ciiiiusiiii fu rt h e r piiiihiiysiiiic a l iii~i i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiii ilili£i~iiiiiiiiiiili iiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiii£iiii iii iiiiiii i~i iIiii i ii=iiii iiiii£iii i~iiiii£ iiiiiiiii i i n j u r ainiiidil~liiiiiiiiii~iiii b l o o d s h ed o f A f i ia n si.iiiiiiiiiiiiii~iii~iiiiiiiiil~i!iiiiiiiiiiii iliiii iiiii ii iiiii ii ii iliiiiii iiiii iiiiiiiiiiii (Signed Sam Nuo ,Pesdn S out h W e st A...... f riiiic aiiiiiiP e op le 'sii O rigii.iiiiliii £ £ ££ iiiiiLiiiiiil/ iiii i iiheliet iio e ...... th ...... piisitil rificate. ! iiiAii i /iiiiiAii iii i Ci iiiiii ,!iiii ii i - ii7ii 3i iii ii/iiii3iiii~i@iii i ii~iii'~ ,ii~ iii ii i~~ioi i£i " iEing l ii is h iii!=iiiili ii iiiiiiii=iiii i ilii~iii!ii iiiiii!iii~ ii~ ii£ iii iI iiiii£Aii iiiii i~ iliiiiiiiiliil iii iiii iii!iii iii i !ii P a g e 1 2 0£~ ii££illiiliiiiii iiliiii ~ i. liiiiiiiiii£Ii~ii iii ii ii iii~iiii~ii~iii£i iii~iiiiiiii ii iii!ii!iiiiii iiIiii E n c l o s u r elii ~lii~Iiiiiil~i ! ii il~iiliii~i=i iil~iiiiiiiili!i ~iiliiiiiii ~iii Ext rac from thei~iiil~~ iiiiiiioe iidieitiiiii, iii28 iii Ju l i 196ii iiil0i l ili iiiiilii ii~iiii!iiiii~iiliiiiiiiiii YOU~ii AR THEii~70ii iiiiiiiii TiiiTiiiRiii BEHINiiiiD LOiiiiCiiiiiiAiTiiiiiiiOiiNiiiiiRIOTS ii ii References~iiii: iiiiili-ii toitheinigitiiniDecember of l si yiar wheniriotingibrokeiou i ni~ I iilliiii the Windihoekil loctio an 11~il Nat ve los thei lives iiil~i -,,er made~ii ini~i thei Wi i ndhoiiekii iiiiiiii i ~ !i i iiMagisitiriiiaties'ilililiiili~iliii Couirtiiii duringi

E si Pag 122~ Not normal ."hie e er inii rgaitWilias'oficeIiegane fll onciosnss iaiii £iiii not ce tha iitheii accu sed!l was i 'not ati n normalii iii iiiiii ii iiili~iiiii!ii l y . He ap ea e toiiiiiiiiiiiii iiii iiiiiiiii iiiiihiavieiiiiiiiii ilii£i iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iil b e e d r in k i:n gi.":111iiiiilii i~lii iiili iiiiiiiii~iIlli iil~iii .I i .li tha morniiiiii iii i ng however, %i%!i%1iiii% i~iiiiiI~igi theyiii~iiiii iiii went to se a f: i of Atones Th wtestl r eVsta e ett h optl weeh a examined.~~~~~~~~~ Hi aksilhrt swl sohe at fhsboyweeh a been hit. ~~i ~ i ]i~iiiiiii7i Asked~~~~~~~~~~ iflli~i he hadiii give Poge n esnt sauthm h wtestl the Court that he had not done soionithat :ay. He aid ht l ha eol Appearingiii frteacsdiMr etMlrw il i1i Mr.ii :P.C. ; va der M-er=we is apperin fo theli~ii~i Crown.~

THE NAIV LOAINA ALI A 7 wihg t infr yo thtw r ocd yteGvrmntt oet e is focingus tomove The Waiiil vi s i Biy Municipalit hiiadiiiiiiiiiiiii d d t g e o r a , w tieiiiii lio iis sit to the whitelSeitlersiand tatlisithe onlyreasoniwiii@ thei Afriica inhabitants musti bei removed to a fariremote siteinthesand-dunes of theiiii i iiiiies iit We aski the United Nations toi puti aii stop to! such evil t me mt out iii upon the A frican people.....o...... t. Kindli reard. hiis case as an urget matter. We! fur he re u s UNO! to...... place= th territory...... of South...... Wes Af ic under... the Trusteeshii iii iiii ii= ~i iiiilii i p Sy te ofIlili the Unitiedii Na i n imimedi£ iiiil ii~ iiiiiate! ii~iil.iii iiiL7/iiiiiiii iWailisiii Bay whiiiiii is administiiieriiiieid asii anli iintegraiiiiii partiilSo thiWsiiA rica iliiiiiii ililiiiliii t i toriilliiii~iiiiiiii!!iiill y ii an il i ntegrai i ii = li partilii ofiiii theli Un iiiiiii i o ofiiiliiiiiii So t Af ic pro inc ofiiiiiiiiiiiiii iii;i theli%1 Cap ofi G oodiiiii iHope .~lii!ii i1!iiiiiii1iiiil ii i ~liiii~ iii iiiiiiili i~li 3 8 /ii T r a n smil~iiii~i~iiiiiiiiliiiiliiiii iiiii e t oiiii t heiiiiiiii U i t e N ..a ...... i b y l e t t e d a e ...... 1 9 5 f r om...... Mr iiiiuriiiii £Kerina. g == i + i i i ii = ; i

A/A 73/ English > 44 4 4 Pac 124 We ar4loakn4 h nie ain oalwth e.McalSot Messrs.~~~: 44rmaKrn n aieud oznuz oseko u eafa th Untd aios Fileon Egomb Joanne Ni444g Joane Chi4op 4ersAgl 44dia 4hvt bayRih 444ki 4euaSmnKvl Joep Au4z Joa4eihl 44teu Nagob 4eaj 4 444 m Simo She-ul Josa Nhilui44 Simo 4kl (Sined V..Ndd 44444Ogniato Serear ofWli4a S. W.A

A/AC 73/3 Engli sh Page 125 39/ PETITIONS RELATING, INTER ALIA, TO CONDITIONS IN OVAMBOLAND47. Petition, by letter dated 3 March 1960, from the Ovamboland Peoples Organisation, Windhoek, South West Africa, to the Secretary-General We have the honour to inform you that old Chief Yluala of the Ukualuzi tribe of Ovamboland has become very old and chose one of his nephews, Mr. Shikalepo Ileka, as acting Chief and his successor. This action was approved by the whole tribe. After the approval, however, there arose a great fear on the part of the Native Affairs Dept. because the old Chief Yuala could not agree with the Native policy of the Union Government. The officials of the Native Affairs Dept. thought that Mr. Ileka, who was appointed by old Chief Muala and the tribe would oppose the Union Government's Native policy as his uncle did. On October the 12th, 1959 the Chief Native Commissioner, Mr. Bruwer Blignaut and the Welfare Officer at Ondangua in Ovamboland went to Ukualuzi and appointed one of Chief TvMala's other nephews, Mr. Shikongo Tapopi, as Chief of Uk-ualuzi and the whole Ukualuzi tribe. When Chief Yluala and the Ukualuzi tribe heard that the Government overthrew the elect Chief Shikalepo Ileka, who was appointed by the people and they have elected or appointed their own chief; the people were very much disappointed and angry and overthrew the Government appointed chief and the Government tribal secretary, Mr. Gabliel Tapopi who is regarded as a government tool in the Ukua-luzi area. On the 3rd. December 1959 the Chief Native Commissioner, Pt. B. Blignaut, received a radiogram from the Welfare Officer at Ondangua in Ovamboland stating that troops should be sent to Ukualuzi to rescue the Government appointed chief and his tribal secretary. The Chief Native Commissioners took twelve white and eight African policemen armed with machine guns, sten guns, rifles and pistols under the command of Yaj. Lombard. ; ,t Otjiwarongo they were joined by some more policemen and many others from Grootfontein, Tsumeb and Onamutoni. ,1hen the police arrived at Ukualuzi they found that everything was quiet. The T 39/ See also Nos. 11 and 94 above. i h

Pagee 12 Govenmen at Ukabiara and Anra IlIa

A/C 73/ Englis ii~~Pg 127] ?S~ wa es or e byi siiiiiii!~iiil ~iiiiii i ii!i iii i x armed poiiiii iilii i iiiii iiiiiii i i!Iii li ce e whoi took h iii!ii i iiii ~ iiii ii il ii i ii ~iiii iiiIiil i m to~ Gn m ku d in An o a HeiIi ~==iiiI w as iiiiiiiiiiiii b rough b ef oreiii thiieiiii P o rt ug ueseiiii Oifficliii andi theii S o ut A f ri c an P ol i ceiiiiiiii ii tioiil d iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii£i~iii iiiiiii iiiiii iil A~iiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiii ii£I~iiliiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiiliil ~iiiiiiii iiiiii~iiiii!ii iii! iiiiiiiIii them tha Yx Kuh ngu wasili a po i ic a an wa not! wantedii byii~ th S . Africiiaini! ~i ~iiiiiI ii i!ii iiiiiiiiliii!iiiii!i ii~i ii ii=~Ii ~=£~ i iilii¢£IIiii~i~ii!iiI~!iii~ 1i= =I !IiiiIiiI! authori iiii ii tyiiiiiiiii li i!! lliil!iiiii i ii S .W Afrl i ca The iiiiii then askedii thiieillliii Portuigiueseliii ii authorityiiiiii toiiiii!i iiii!iiiii iiiii iii iilii iii i iiiiii iii keepii Mriagu npisnteein= Angol bu x.J Khnaopoedte statil~iiiiiiiliiiiiiiiii hatii~!!i hiei~ii wasiiiiiiiiiii biiiiiiiii i n iiiiiii i d£iiiiiiiiiiiiii i n Ov m ol n an wa thereforei£]liiiiiili notii aiiii Portugueseii ciitizen.iliiiiii Tiheniiiiii ii theii iiiiiii Portiugueseiiiiililiiiiiiii officiialsii itolidi the ii iiiiiiiiiiiiliiii iiiliiliiiAiiiiiiliii tiioiiiiiitakeiiil Mr.ili~ Ku an u backii w iiii iiiiiii ii iil iiii i th theml toii~i~ S.W .A. asii theyi do~il no need him therei either.iiiiii iliiiiiiii ii Oniii£iiii iiiiiii i li iiiiiiiliiliiiiiiiii th ir way back to S.W.A. the police threatened to kill Mr. Kuhiangu iiiii ia iiii foriiiiiii riiiefusingiiiii ii ililiiiiiiiili ii~iiiiiii ...iii iii iiii~ii ili i iii!!iii~iiiiii to r i n iiiiil iniiiiii 5iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii A g l ...... is underii houseiiiii arrestii nowiiii andii sleeiipisiili wiithiiii~iiiiiiii h i~ leg and arm s ti =iii ii! Iiiiiiii i e together . =iiiiiii ]ii I iiiiiii~iiii=i~lii~ii iiii! ii!iiiii Onte2t.Dcme 99te-oiew noserhheouef Rev Hauubagl an tha of M.J-ovin vm d Thytkal corsodnefo h ...adfins Thyusdtes orepnenea theii comm= =!isio oif~i i Inqu===ir into=i== thei= ditrbne inii Widhe oni nigh of December thei~i~iiiiiii = 1 0th In th hos of Rev===== ... Hamutuimbaiiiingiiiilii, thepolce rokion su=£icase and whenii Rev.i Hamtubal askedi the why did= they not ask for akey, one ililiil~iiiiiiliiiiii ofliiiill then li! ca llld ! Stey ii, stti o e ati Gr o f i spran up ...... re vo ve r P o in ting...... it ...... h im h e.... th re ten e to ...... to ta lk 1liiiiiililiilii~ what hei termedi nonsense.iiii iiiiiiliiiiiiiiiii On thei 15h De em e 1959i Yiiii Sa Nu oa presidenti ofi iiiiii ii .Ovamibolandliiiiliiil1= i'i Pepl'sOransain nd BthloewSia wrisuditdeoain orders. [ The ap eae ai ns theiriiiiii dep rtaioiorei;iiiie 3thiDeeiiii95 wheniiii=! they~i apeae befor the~i courtiiLi£ they=i wer told-i= thati thei caehvebe wihdrawniiiiiiii onl to be rearreste againiii~iii for the~liiiii samei case on theii=i 3rdii Januaryi~ 190 On Jaur h I 90 te perdi or ndwr nomdta h csagins thmhv enwtdan hy aebe evdwt te deportat~~~~~~~~~~~idrsfrthlirdtmiadteiaeispnin.Tesiae

Engli sh Page: 128 a emerofO..O ws ishage foma ocl oe frmaferthy av laned that e isa meber f th O.iiiiienihiwenitoiheirgisiatioioffceit aks~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~ii fo emttiekwrh a ev ihadprainodr nea th on fSW Arc r iig i dageouiindtins Ti boodryhaidi id diteiiiiiiiiieo leint twoiiiiaiiii We apealto te Unted atios totak theterrtoryofiSW.iAricafro theUnin Gvermen an paceit iretlyundr te nitd NtiosTustesiiiiip i ~~~~~~nl shiiiiii iiii i££~~~~~~Pg 129iiiiiiiii ]!iii iOn~i the 22ndiii Ferur 196oi Mr Iiwa ereiwthadeotaio rdr Mr. Izaas as wfe nda bbylivngwitihm i Wndhekand-ws eplye area ioifii Wiiiinhe wiitiiiin 72 hours Noilil reso iivn nihsiiss Theili Government islliii~lii deporting~ii th fiast tes-aldNaiersre becus hi s areasililiiiii hae eeievrl tuheib tedrugtin wllb reeviso ha aora hr r n en fmkn iigtee vr youn Ovmowtotacranps aldteietfcto aso fh rein mlyetfrwaee esn ei retdadtrw nogo

Pae 130 (i)Exrac fom heWnhek Advertiser,9Fbuay16 OVABLN DROUGET CAUSED CONCER AT W!ALVIS Th infux of Ntives fro the >drought sticken Ovambln Reerve cause grae onern at Walvis Bay during the past year Ti is relctdi theana reot fthe loca Chief Maitae Lare nmbes f Oumbs esentenced foretrn h re ihu emt durngth pat ea. nce they had seve thi etne hywr lcdi wokfr aeio of 3 months., but, because some of the fimswrepyigths In n atemt~ ttp the influx the Mgstrate reports that he ngtae thepat ea prtonofthe eanig of these no-cntat Naie amaid to thePas Ofie., so that they could buy their traintckt home after~ their peio n the aea had axpired. Despte these measures, maywere tot returning home because there wasa lac ofo- operto from some eployers whonise on pai g ghr -wages to The Maitaeas r1eports that there was a peacefu relatonhipbewn thevarousracil grup ndr his juidiction during the pastyer The were o sins o disturbanes~ and the transear of the Natives and Col~oureds to the newloatin as aried out without any incidents.