DUTSE JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES (DUJOPAS)

A Quarterly Publication of the Faculty of Science, Federal University , –

Vol. 6 No. 4 December, 2020

ISSN (Print): 2476-8316 ISSN (Online): 2635-3490

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences (DUJOPAS) is published by:

The Faculty of Science, Federal University Dutse. Jigawa State – Nigeria.

Printed by: KABOD LIMITED NL 7 Lokoja Road, Kaduna State, Nigeria. +234(0)8030628933 [email protected]

ISSN (Print): 2476-8316 ISSN (Online): 2635-3490

Copy rights: All right of this publication are reserved. No part of this Journal may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means without prior permission of the publisher, except for academic purposes.

Note: The articles published in this Journal do not in any way reflect the views nor position of DUJOPAS. Authors are individually responsible for all issues relating to their articles. Except for publication and copy rights, any issue arising from an article in this Journal should be addressed directly to the Author.

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GUIDE TO AUTHORS DUJOPAS is a publication of the Faculty of Science, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. It is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes four issues in a year (March, June, September & December). The Journal publishes papers with original contributions to scientific knowledge in all fields of natural, life and applied sciences. Authors submitting papers for publication must adhere strictly to the following guidelines:

1. Research articles should be in the English language. Articles in other languages are NOT entertained. Correction of English language is not the responsibility of the Editorial Board of DUJOPAS. Author(s) not fluent in English are required to get their manuscripts checked by an English-speaking colleague or professional editors 2. Submission(s) to DUJOPAS should be submitted electronically as MS word attachment to [email protected] 3. Articles should be in 12 font size, Times New Roman and double-spaced with the normal A4 size margins. 4. The cover page should contain the title of the paper, author(s) name(s), affiliation(s) of author(s) and complete addresses including e-mail and mobile phone numbers. The corresponding author must also be specified clearly.

5. The article must contain an abstract of not more than 300 words and should be followed immediately by five keywords.

6. Articles submitted for publication must be original and should not be under consideration for publication elsewhere. The content should include (but not restricted to): i. Introduction ii. Methodology (Materials and Methods) iii. Results and Discussion iv. Conclusion v. Acknowledgement vi. References vii. Appendices

7. Articles are accepted on the understanding that they have not been published elsewhere, and will not be, without the Editor-in-Chief’s written consent. 8. The copyright of articles accepted for publication belongs to DUJOPAS. 9. All photos, drawings, diagrams, illustrations and other images in the manuscripts should also be submitted in digital format, preferably as JPEG or GIF files with a minimum of 300 dpi. 10. All references must adhere strictly to the Harvard referencing style. Citations must be given in Harvard style in the text e.g (Ndikilar et al., 2017; Garku, 2008), or Mustapha et al. (2016) or according to Abdulsalam (1988) and Bala & Idowu (2018)., If two or more works by different authors or authoring bodies are cited at one point in the text, use a semi-colon to separate them: (Okoro 2006; Olufemi 2009)

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 The total number of references should not exceed 40 and references should not be numbered.  An alphabetical list of all literature cited in the text should follow the text, headed by References, and double spaces in Times New Roman font size 12.  Names of the periodicals should be given in full.  Page numbers should be mentioned in the references.  If the number of authors is five, include all author names in the references section. If the authors are more than five, then put names of the first five authors followed by et.al.

11. Authors submitting papers must send along N5000 or $20 non-refundable processing fee.

12. Contributors whose articles are accepted for publication would be required to pay page charge of N15, 000 or $100 payable to Bank: ECOBANK Name: DUTSE JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES Number: 3653080563 Each accepted article is entitled to a printed copy of the journal

13. A maximum of 12 pages are allowed, extra pages will attract N1, 000 ($5) per page.

14. Submission of articles is open throughout the year.

15. All correspondence should be directed to The Editor-in-Chief, DUJOPAS, Faculty of Science, Federal University Dutse, P. M. B. 7156, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]

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EDITORIAL BOARD

Editor-in-chief Assistant Editor-in-chief Prof. Chifu E. Ndikilar Prof. Ali A. Sani Department of Physics Department of Chemistry Federal University Dutse Federal University Dutse Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Phone: (234)8069553173 Phone: (234)8035890984

SUBJECT EDITORS

Biological Sciences Chemistry Prof. M. M. Abubakar Prof. Ali A. Sani Department of Biological Sciences Department of Chemistry Federal University Dutse Federal University Dutse Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Computer Science/IT Environmental Sciences Prof. Ahmed B. Garko Prof. Abdulhamed A. Ibrahim Department of Computer Science Environmental Sciences Department Federal University Dutse Federal University Dutse Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Mathematical Sciences Physics Prof. Uba Ahmad Ali Prof. Chifu E. Ndikilar Department of Mathematics Department of Physics Federal University Dutse Federal University Dutse Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

ADVISORY TEAM

Prof. S. C. Oukoumi Noutchie Prof. Shafi'u Jibrin Department of Mathematical Sciences Department of Mathematics North-West University, Mafikeng, Federal University Dutse South Africa Email: [email protected]

Prof. Abdulahi Ndzi Njah Prof. G.M. Wajiga Department of Physics Department of Computer Science University of Lagos MAUTECH Yola Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Prof. Bashiru Garba Dr. Gideon Mbiydzenyuy Department of Chemistry Department of InfoTech Usman Danfodiyo University Sokoto University of Boras, Sweden Email: [email protected]

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Prof. M. B. Yerima Prof. M. S. Sule Department of Microbiology/Biotechnology Department of Biochemistry Federal University Dutse Bayero University Kano Email: [email protected]

Prof. Auwal I. Magashi Prof. Ibrahim Garba Department of Plant Breeding Department of Geology Kano University of Science & Technology Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Email: [email protected]

Prof. B. M. Auwalu Prof. S.U. Gulumbe Department of Agronomy Department of Statistics Bayero University Kano, Nigeria Usman Danfodiyo University Sokoto Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Prof. Aliyu B. Nabegu Prof. Babangida Sani Department of Environmental Sciences Operations Research Kano University of Science & Technology Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Email: [email protected]

PUBLICATION CHARGES

Article Charges Authors submitting manuscripts must send along N5000 or $20 non-refundable processing fee. Contributors whose articles are accepted for publication are required to pay page charges of N15, 000 or $100 payable to DUJOPAS. Each accepted article is entitled to a printed copy of the journal. This fee excludes postal charges. A maximum of 12 pages are allowed, extra pages will attract N1, 000 ($5) per page.

Offprints/Reprints Interested authors will charged the printing and postal charges.

Advertisement Full page: N30,000 ($200) Half page: N15,000 ($100) Quarter page: N10,000 ($70)

Subscription per annum Institutions: N15,000($100) Individuals: N7,500 ($50)

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CONTENTS

Title and Author(s) Page No. The Numerical Applications of Implicit Second Derivative on Second Order Initial Value Problems of Ordinary Differential Equations Yusuf Skwame, Donald J. Zirrah, John Sabo, Yusuf T. Kyagya, Adamu A. Bambur 1

Phytochemical screening, Antifungal and Antioxidant activities of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) Leaves Namadina, M.M., Sunusi, U., Abdulrazak, M.H., Hamza, U.I., Musa, F.M., Ismail, F.I., Bashir, A.U., Yau, F.M., Barde, H.A, Kaila, M., Makin, T.Y 15

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors associated with Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria Shehu Abdullahi, Baffa Adamu 28

Evaluation of the effects of Date palm waste Compost on Growth and Physiology of Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seedlings Yakubu, M., Hayatu, M., Ubara U.E., Erumwenbibi A.I, Hamza A.M., Shehu, A.S., Ibrahim, Z. 37

Prevalence of Transitional Lumbosacral vertebral Bodies in Patients with Chronic Lower Back Pain Undergoing Plain X-Ray in Rasheed Shekoni Specialist Hospital, Jigawa, Nigeria Mohammed Kabir Saleh, Sa’idu Nata’ala, Idris Sule , Muhammad Sidi, Zubair Usman, Umar Jibo, Nafiu Mohammed Ahmad 47

Determination of Stature using Anthropometric Parameters in Adolescents from Selected Secondary Schools, Samaru- Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria Tanko, M., Ahmadu, W., Agbon, A.N., Bauchi, Z. M., Sadeeq, A.A., Musa, M. 57

Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Neisseria Meningitidis among Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) in Gashua Community, Bade Local Government Area, Yobe State, Nigeria Usman, I. A., Mohammed, Y., Rogo, L. D. and Idris, A. M. 67

A Review on the Use of ICT as a means of Security within Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria Auyo, S.G., Idris A., Mato,I., Ibrahim,A.A. 76

Pattern of Findings for Patients Undergoing Conventional Intravenous Urography in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria Umar Mansur, Mohammed Sidi, Anas Ya’u, Aminu Abubakar Abubakar, Aliyu Hassan Abdullahi 82

A Comparison Between Twitter Based Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network Comment Classification Algorithms Muhammad Abubakar, Aminu Tukur 92

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Impact of Medicinal Plants and Deforestation on Communities in Wawa - Zange Forest Reserve, Gombe State, Nigeria. Umar K. Y., Abba H. M., Umar I. 102

Thermodynamics Study of Congo Red Dye Adsorption onto H2SO4 Treated Rice Husk (Oryza sativa) Powder Sagir, M. R., Ayuba, A. M., Umar, M., Mohammed, S. Y., Kabir, M., Suleiman, H., Abubakar, M, Danmusa, T.A 113

Assessment of Datasets used for the Evaluation of Techniques for Detection of SQLIVS in Web Applications Kabir Umar, Nuruddeen T. Wurno 120

Assessment of Systemic Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Serum Electrolytes in Lactating Wistar Rats Following Oral Administration of Monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) N.S Emmanuel, Y. Tanko, I.G Bako and A. Mohammed 131

Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activities of Vitellaria paradoxa Stem Bark and Root Extracts against Some Clinical Isolates of Respiratory Tract Infections Namadina M.M., Idris A. M., Sunusi U., Abdulrazak M.H., Musa F. M., Olaogun O.N., Aminu M. A., Yakubu N., Sani M.H., Ali Z.A., Nuhu Y., Makin T.Y., Gwarzo A.M 139

Uterotonic Evaluation of Sida Corymbosa Aqueous Leaf Extract on Non-pregnant Wistar Rat Uterine Tissue J.M. Bakut, N.S. Emmanuel, A.U. Zezi, N.M. Danjuma 150

Analytical simulation for reversible reactions using a linear reactive general rate model of liquid chromatography Abdulaziz G. Ahmad, Abubakar A. Abubakar, Idris M. Idris 158

Vegetative Growth and Root Development of Maize (Zea Mays) Seedlings in Response to Spacing and Fertilizer Placement Methods at Federal University Dutse School Farm Dangora, I. I., Auyo, M. I.,Ahmed, A., Madaki, A. L. 169

Yield and Brix of Watermelon as Affected by Time of Planting and Variety at Bunkure, Sudan Savanna Ecological Zone of Nigeria Dangora, I. I., Abubakar, A. W., Auyo, M. I., Muhammad, M 177

Effects of some Salts on Photosynthetic Ability and Yield of some of Cowpea Cultivars [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] Auyo, M. I., Ahmed A., A., Dangora, I.I., Kutama A.S. 185

Antibacterial Activities of Neem Seed Oil Extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Ahmed A., Auyo, M. I., Dangora, I.I., Musa, A., Hashim, S. 194

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Urea Aided Synthesis and Electron Spin Resonance Studies of MnxZn1-xO Nanoparticles by Microwave Assisted Method S. S. Abdullahi, G.S.M. Galadanci, Mahmud I. Abdulhamid, Musa I. Bello, N. M. Maharaz 203

Comparative Analysis of Open Source Web Vulnerabilities Scanners for Detection of SQL Injection Vulnerabilities Nuruddeen T. Wurno, Kabir Umar 212

Determination of Carrying Angle among Hausa Ethnic Population of Zamfara State, Nigeria Ahmed Sani, Musa Habibu Modibbo, Idris Abdu Tela Umar, Umar Kabiru Bilkisu 221

Evaluation of Nutritional Value of Capsicum annum (Pepper) in Response to Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract, Cocos nucifera (Coconut) Water and N-(2-Chloro-4-Pyridyl)-N-Phenylurea (Cppu) Application Sadiq, S.B., Mukhtar, F.B., Abubakar, A.W.3 Umar, A.M. 228

Mineralization of Acridine Orange Using Zinc Oxide Nano-Particles under UV-Visible Irradiation Kaila Y. Baban, Muhammad Danladi, Hayatu Isa Musa 238

Typha Biomass Energy for Sustainable Management of Typha . Domingensis L. in Affected Communities of Northern Nigeria Mukhtar, A.A. and Abdullahi, I.L. 246

Survey of Parasites of Rodents and their Implications to Public Health in Damaturu Metropolis Muhammad D. Abdullahi, Mustapha Tijjani 253

The Performance Measures Operational Analysis of the Closed Queueing Network Sunday Olanrewaju Agboola 263

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