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TDEC 2014- TN5288--TDEC 2013-Environmental-Monitoring

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TDEC 2014- TN5288--TDEC 2013-Environmental-Monitoring TENNESSEE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND CONSERVATION DOE OVERSIGHT OFFICE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT JANUARY through DECEMBER 2013 Pursuant to the State of Tennessee’s policy of non-discrimination, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation does not discriminate on the basis of race, sex, religion, color, national or ethnic origin, age, disability, or military service in its policies, or in the admission or access to, or treatment or employment in its programs, services or activities. Equal employment Opportunity/Affirmative Action inquiries or complaints should be directed to the EEO/AA Coordinator, Office of General Counsel, 401 Church Street, 20th Floor, L & C Tower, Nashville, TN 37243, 1-888-867-7455. ADA inquiries or complaints should be directed to the ADA Coordinator, Human Resources Division, 401 Church Street, 12th Floor, L & C Tower, Nashville, TN 37243, 1-888- 253-5827. Hearing impaired callers may use the Tennessee Relay Service 1-800-848-0298. To reach your local ENVIRONMENTAL ASSISTANCE CENTER Call 1-888-891-8332 OR 1-888-891-TDEC This report was published With 100% Federal Funds DE-EM0001621 DE-EM0001620 Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Authorization April 2014 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………………………………….3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY……………………………………………………………………………4 ACRONYMS …………………………………………………………………………………………15 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………19 AIR QUALITY MONITORING Monitoring of Hazardous Air Pollutants on the Oak Ridge Reservation .……………………………..23 RadNet Air Monitoring on the Oak Ridge Reservation..…………………..…………………………..32 Fugitive Radiological Air Emissions Monitoring ………………………………..………………..…..38 RadNet Precipitation Monitoring on the Oak Ridge Reservation ..…………………….…..………….49 BIOLOGICAL MONITORING Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring ………………………………....………………………...........55 Monitoring and Inventory of Bats (Chiroptera) on the Oak Ridge Reservation………………………..87 Periphyton Monitoring…………………………………………………………………………………134 Aquatic Vegetation Monitoring on the Oak Ridge Reservation……………………………….………143 Threatened and Endangered Species Monitoring ……………………………………………..………153 White-tailed Deer Monitoring Program on the Oak Ridge Reservation……………………………….182 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Surface Water Monitoring………………………………………………...203 DRINKING WATER MONITORING Sampling of Oak Ridge Reservation Potable Water Distribution Systems………………………….... 220 RadNet Drinking Water on the Oak Ridge Reservation………………………………………………. 223 GROUNDWATER MONITORING Groundwater Monitoring Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation .……………….……………………… 227 RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING Facility Survey Program and Infrastructure Reduction Work Plan…………………………………… 255 Haul Road Surveys……………………………………..……………………………………………… 268 Ambient Gamma Radiation Monitoring of the Oak Ridge Reservation Using Environmental Dosimetry………..……………………………………………………………. 271 Real Time Monitoring of Gamma Radiation on the Oak Ridge Reservation…………………………. .284 Surplus Material Verification…….………………..……………………………………………………292 Monitoring of Waste at the Environmental Management Waste Management Facility (EMWMF) Using a Radiation Portal Monitor ………………………………………..295 SURFACE WATER MONITORING Monitoring of Liquid Effluents, Surface Water, Groundwater and Sediments at the Environmental Monitoring at the Environmental Management Waste Management Facility (EMWMF) ………………………………………………………300 Ambient Sediment Monitoring Program …………………………………..…………………………...320 Ambient Surface Water Monitoring…………………….…...………………………………………….327 Surface Water Physical Parameters Monitoring……………………………..………………………….334 Ambient Trapped Sediment Monitoring …………….………………………………………………….342 APPENDIX A…………………………………………………………………………………………..349 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Division of Remediation, Department of Energy Oversight Office (the Office) is providing a report of the office’s independent environmental monitoring for the 2013 calendar year. Individual reports completed by office personnel make up the report. General areas of interest determine the substance of the reports: Air Quality, Biological, Drinking Water, Groundwater, Radiological, and Surface Water. An abstract is provided in each report. The office’s files, containing all supporting information and data used in the completion of these reports, are available for review. AIR QUALITY MONITORING Monitoring of Hazardous Air Pollutants on the Oak Ridge Reservation The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC), Department of Energy Oversight Office (DOE-O) Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) monitoring program was initially developed to provide independent monitoring of hazardous metals in air at the East Tennessee Technology Park (ETTP) and to verify the Department of Energy’s (DOE) reported monitoring results. Monitoring at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL or X-10) and at the Y-12 National Security Complex was added as an extension of the HAPs monitoring at East Tennessee Technology Park (ETTP). Although permitted emissions have declined at DOE facilities, a number of DOE operations on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR), primarily the demolition of contaminated buildings, continue to have the potential to emit hazardous metals. The HAPs monitoring program continued through 2013 as an independent monitoring effort performed by TDEC’s Division of Remediation (DOR), DOE-O Office to provide data on hazardous metals in ambient air on the ORR and as independent verification of DOE’s monitoring at ETTP. Monitoring with high-volume air samplers was conducted for arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, total chromium, lead, nickel, and uranium. Across the ORR, levels of most metals in 2013 were slightly elevated compared with values in 2011 and 2012. With the possible exception of chromium, analytical results for all metals were below regulatory standards and risk-specific dose levels. All total chromium analyses, with the exception of those from ETTP site during the fourth quarter, were slightly above a risk-specific dose for hexavalent chromium, but below the risk-specific dose for trivalent chromium and the current laboratory quantification value for the analytical method used. RadNet Air Monitoring on the Oak Ridge Reservation The RadNet Air Monitoring Program on the Oak Ridge Reservation began in August of 1996 and provides radiochemical analysis of air samples taken from five air monitoring stations located near potential sources of radiological air emissions on the Oak Ridge Reservation. RadNet samples are collected by staff of the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation and analysis is performed at the Environmental Protection Agency’s National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama. In 2013, as in past years, the data for each of the five RadNet air monitors largely exhibited similar trends and concentrations, with a few exceptions. The results for 2013 do not indicate a significant impact on the environment or public health from Oak Ridge Reservation emissions. 4 Fugitive Radioactive Air Emission on the Oak Ridge Reservation As a part of its obligation under by the Tennessee Oversight Agreement, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation monitors fugitive emissions of radioactive contaminants on the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Reservation. The results are compared to background measurements to determine if releases have occurred and standards provided by the Clean Air Act to assess compliance with associated emission standards. In 2013 eight high- volume air samplers were deployed in the program. One of the samplers was stationed to collect background information. The remaining units were positioned to monitor remedial and waste management activities on the ORR. Monitored activities included: the decommissioning and demolition of facilities constructed during the World War II Manhattan Era to produce enriched uranium, plutonium, and other radioisotopes used to manufacture the first atomic weapons; remediation of associated waste disposal facilities; and disposal of radioactive waste at the Environmental Management Waste Management Facility. Findings indicate that fugitive releases occurred during 2013, but the concentrations measured were below federal standards. RadNet Precipitation Monitoring on the Oak Ridge Reservation The RadNet Precipitation Monitoring Program on the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) provides radiochemical analysis of precipitation samples taken from monitoring stations at three locations on the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge Reservation. Samples are collected by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation and analysis is performed at the Environmental Protection Agency’s National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory. Gross beta analysis for the RadNet precipitation program was discontinued in 2010 and tritium analysis was discontinued in 2012. Analysis for gamma radionuclides is performed on each composite monthly sample in 2013 and will continue to be monitored. Since there is not a regulatory limit for radioisotopes in precipitation, the results from ORR sampling locations are compared to EPA’s drinking water limits and can also be compared to data from other sites nationwide. While the stations located on the Oak Ridge Reservation stations are in areas near nuclear sources, most of the other stations in the RadNet precipitation program are located near major population centers, with no major sources of radiological contaminants nearby. Regardless, the radiological results
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