Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Final Master Plan October 17, 2006

Prepared for: Department of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services City of San José

Prepared by: Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc.

Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Final Master Plan

October 17, 2006

Master Plan Approved by the City of San José Parks & Recreation Commission September 6, 2006

Approved by the City of San José City Council October X, 2006

Environmental Clearance State Clearinghouse # 2006-07-2117 Mitigated Negative Declaration - City Filing #PP06-111

Prepared for: Department of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services City of San José

Under the Direction of: Department of Public Works City Facilities Architectural Services Division City of San José

Prepared by: Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc.

Table of Contents

page

Executive Summary ...... 1 • Background ...... 1 • Trail Purpose ...... 1 • Master Plan Purpose ...... 4 • Planning Process ...... 4

Site Setting ...... 5 • Physical Setting ...... 5 • Adjacent Land Uses and Property Ownership ...... 6 • Cultural History ...... 8 • Biological Resources ...... 8

Goals and Objectives ...... 17 • General ...... 17 • Circulation ...... 18 • Land Use ...... 18 • Education...... 18 • Environmental Resources ...... 19 • Aesthetic ...... 19

Interagency Coordination ...... 21 • Property Ownership...... 21 • Environmental Requirements...... 21 • Agency Requirements ...... 22

Planning Process ...... 25 • Overview ...... 25 • Project Start-up ...... 25 • Site Reconnaissance and Analysis ...... 25 • Conceptual Design, Public Outreach, and Plan Reﬁ nement ...... 26 • Alternatives Analysis ...... 28 • Environmental Analysis and Clearance ...... 28 • Operations and Maintenance...... 29

page

Master Plan Description ...... 31 • Section 1 - Noble Avenue to Tallent Avenue ...... 31 • Section 2 - Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive ...... 32 • Section 3 - Dorel Drive to Alum Rock Park ...... 33 • Trail Description ...... 34

Estimate of Costs ...... 45

Next Steps...... 49 • Trail Implementation ...... 49 • Conclusion ...... 50

Bibliography ...... 51

Acknowledgements ...... 53

Appendices...... 55 • Appendix A - Meeting Summaries ...... 55 • Appendix B - Grant Funding Sources ...... 76

page

Fig. 1 Regional Map...... 1

Fig. 2 Regional Trail Network Map...... 2

Fig. 3 Vicinity Map ...... 3

Fig. 4 San José Land Use Diagram ...... 7

Fig. 5 Site Analysis Plan...... 10-12

Fig. 6 Photographic Log ...... 13-15

Fig. 7 Alternatives Analysis ...... 27

Fig. 8 Bike Route Sign ...... 32

Fig. 9 Sharrow in Roadway ...... 32

Fig. 10 Routing Trail Around Mature Tree ...... 33

Fig. 11 Boardwalk at Top of Bank ...... 34

Fig. 12 Master Plan ...... 36-38

Fig. 13 Dorel Drive Enlargement Plan ...... 39

Fig. 14 Alum Rock Park Connection Enlargement Plan ...... 40

Fig. 15 Noble Avenue to Tallent Avenue - Section ...... 41

Fig. 16 Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive - Section ...... 42

Fig. 17 Dorel Drive to Alum Rock Park - Section ...... 43

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc. Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Final Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc. Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Final Master Plan Executive Summary

Background: various reaches of the master plan have In the early 1970’s, Berryessa and Alum been implemented, including Reaches 3, Rock were found to be two areas in the 4, 5 and most recently, Reach 2. Due to City most in need of usable parks and open changes in land use, property ownership, space. In response, the Santa Clara County and physical characteristics that have Board of Supervisors and the Santa Clara occurred since the original master plan County Parks and Recreation Department was developed and a more stringent decided to develop a master plan for the regulatory environment, a determination entirety of Upper Penitencia Creek, from was made to prepare environmental Coyote Creek to Alum Rock Park. In 1975, documentation and a new master plan the Board of Supervisors allocated $3.5 to help advance the implementation of million from a Trust Fund from a 1972 Reach 1. Charter Amendment for master planning of the trail system and acquisition of land Trail Purpose: for Penitencia Creek Park. Penitencia Creek Trail is an important component of San José’s city-wide The Master Plan was completed in 1977 trail network, providing recreation- for the four-mile long park and trail along al opportunities and alternative Penitencia Creek from Alum Rock Park to transportation routes for City residents the creek’s conﬂ uence with Coyote Creek in the Berryessa and Alum Rock to the west. The system was deﬁ ned by neighborhoods of northeastern San José seven reaches. Over the last three decades, (see Fig. 2). Penitencia Creek Trail was

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SSanan JJoseose

Fig. 1: Regional Map

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 1 Master Plan Executive Summary identified in the Countywide Trails alignment is developed. Master Plan Update (adopted November 14, 1995) as an important link to the In 2000, the City Council approved The proposed regional Bay Area Ridge Trail, Greenprint; A 20 Year Strategic Plan for which when completed, will encircle San Park, Trail, and Community Facilities. The Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay along Penitencia Creek Trail is one of twenty- ridge tops. The Bay Area Ridge Trail seven systems that will contribute to Council deﬁ nes Penitencia Creek Trail as a 100-mile network as defined by the a “valley ﬂ oor” alignment which provides Greenprint. continuity to the system until the ridge

San Francisco Bay Trail (partially developed) Reach 1 Penitencia Creek Trail

Bay Area Lower Ridge Silver Creek Trail Trail (future)

Guadalupe River Trail (partially developed)

Coyote Creek Trail (partially developed)

Fig. 2: Regional Trail Network Map

In 2005, recognizing the continued Reach 1 is one of the last remaining popularity of the Penitencia Creek Trail and sections along Penitencia Creek that has demands of its residents for a recreational not been developed to some degree (see link between the built sections of the trail Fig. 3). This half mile segment, once and Alum Rock Park, the City of San José completed, will help link Alum Rock Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Park to regional trail systems noted in Services Department, with the support the City of San José’s Greenprint for Park of City Council District 4 office and in and Community Facilities and Programs cooperation with the Santa Clara Valley – A Twenty-Year Strategic Plan (2000), Water District (SCVWD), proposed to San José General Plan (1994) and Santa revisit the prior master plan for the Reach Clara County: Countywide Trails Master 1 segment. The City secured a grant Plan Update (1995). Once implemented, from the Santa Clara County Open Space Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 will link to Authority for preparation of a master plan the recently completed Reach 2 segment and acquisition of property if necessary. of the Penitencia Creek Trail, schools

Reach 1 Reach3 Reach 2

Reach 4

Reach 5

Reach 6

Reach 7

Currently Being Planned Planned

Constructed or Interim Identiﬁ ed Improvements Fig. 3: Vicinity Map

(Noble, Toyon, Piedmont and Piedmont the San José Water Company and residential Hills), parks and community amenities owners. Portions of the trail also fall within (Alum Rock Park, Noble Park, Penitencia Santa Clara County right of way. Many of Creek County Park, Berryessa Library the properties immediately adjacent to the and Berryessa Community Center) and creek corridor are privately owned and established transit hubs (Penitencia Creek occupied by single-family residences. To Light Rail Station on Capitol Avenue and address the concerns of stakeholders and bus service). local residents, numerous meetings were conducted during the master planning The trail will be adjacent to Penitencia process. A Technical Advisory Committee Creek Road and Penitencia Creek from (TAC) was formed and comprised of Noble Avenue to the entrance of Alum City staff and representatives from local Rock Park, providing pedestrians with a agencies. The input gathered from these creekside trail experience. TAC meetings was incorporated into the project plans prior to being presented to Master Plan Purpose: the community. A community meeting was The preparation of a trail master plan held to encourage public dialogue regarding serves to document the master plan alignment preferences, recreational needs process and provides guidance for and general project concerns. The trail eventual trail development in a number alignment presented in this master plan of ways. The master plan identiﬁ es: represents the efforts and participation • a recommended trail alignment of these different individuals, groups that balances environmental, and agencies (see Appendix A for project aesthetic, safety and functional meeting summaries). concerns in order to gain the widest project support possible, • implementation and project cost requirements for trail development including required permits from state and local agencies, and • design guidelines for trail development to maintain design continuity with other trail reaches and to document a materials palette for trail amenities.

Planning Process: Reach 1, a half mile corridor, contains property belonging to the City of San José, Santa Clara Valley Water District, Bicyclist sharing roadway at Alum Rock Park entrance

Physical Setting: Dorel Drive to the confl uence with Coyote Situated between Noble Avenue to the west Creek. Preliminary fl ood control plans and the entrance to Alum Rock Park to the show a fl ood wall on the south bank of east, Reach 1 contains numerous notable Penitencia Creek from Dorel Drive to physical features (see Fig. 5: Site Analysis Noble Avenue. This fl ood wall will vary Plan and Fig. 6: Photographic Log), with the in height but is not anticipated to be more prominent features being: than four feet tall and will serve to reduce • dense riparian vegetation along the the risk of fl ooding for the neighborhood creek to the south of the creek. • open meadows north of the creek west of Dorel Drive Reach 1 is bounded to the north and south • close proximity between Penitencia by low to medium density single-family Creek Road and the creek residences. Even though it is a suburban • narrow and steep creek channel east area, the neighborhood character is of Dorel Drive quiet and possesses a rural quality. • network of existing footpaths, worn Incomplete sidewalk, varying roadway into the vegetation and generally width, and split-rail fencing in front of paralleling the creek, some residences all contribute to the • two informal creek crossings, one appearance. The physical characteristics located near Tallent Avenue and the of the site divide it into three distinct other near Rock Canyon Circle sections: • numerous utility poles located along • Noble Avenue to Tallent Avenue Penitencia Creek Road. • Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive • Dorel Drive to the entrance of The existing width of Penitencia Creek Road Alum Rock Park is narrow, in some places only 24’ wide. With Penitencia Creek immediately to the north of the roadway and residential homes to the immediate south, any proposed trail alignment along the roadway corridor will be signifi cantly constrained between these elements. Steep slopes and environmental constraints limit trail development along the north bank of the creek.

A large portion of the riparian corridor west of Dorel Drive falls within the 100-year ﬂ oodplain. The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is currently collaborating with the SCVWD to develop ﬂ ood control View of Penitencia Creek from roadway improvements along Penitencia Creek from

Noble Avenue to Tallent Avenue street parking in addition to two lanes of The site is generally characterized by a vehicular traffi c. wide fl ood plain sloping downward from north to south with two distinct large open Dorel Drive to the entrance of meadow areas, totaling approximately ¾ Alum Rock Park acre. This area contains mature trees, The creek channel is much steeper and both riparian and upland species, which eroded, especially near Dorel Drive. This provide critical habitat for a variety of section of the creek lies within private wildlife. In some locations in this section, property. The creek channel gradually the creek is less than 20’ from the edge departs from the roadway to the north in this of pavement on Penitencia Creek Road. section creating a greater separation from A fish ladder is located in the creek the road than anywhere else along Reach approximately 250’ east of Noble Avenue 1. A vehicular road bridge, two privately to accommodate the passage of steelhead owned driveways, and a fence occur in this trout. An elevated access road for the San section north of Penitencia Creek Road. The José Water Company runs west to east privately owned fence is approximately 6’ along the northern boundary of this area from the edge of pavement and is failing in and is situated mostly above the 100-year some areas due to undercutting of the creek fl ood elevation. The Noble Avenue bridge banks on which the fence rests. To the south sits below the 100-year fl ood elevation and of and immediately adjacent to Penitencia is slated for replacement in concert with Creek Road is a very steep hillside that proposed flood control improvements rises almost vertically in some areas. by the USACE in the next 10 to15 years. Speed bumps exist at two locations to deter The San José Water Company access road vehicles from speeding through the tight located at the toe of the residential slope curves to and from the park entrance. This occurs within a large active landslide section of Penitencia Creek Road is under zone.1 the County of Santa Clara jurisdiction.

Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive Adjacent Land Uses and Property The creek bank on the north side is steeper Ownership: and the total project area narrows. Large The land uses immediately adjacent to the boulders line the edge of the roadway creek corridor in Reach 1 are primarily for approximately 200’ to deter off-street classiﬁ ed as medium low density, urban parking. The creek is generally further hillside and public/quasi-public. These from the roadway in this section than land uses are reﬂ ected by the presence of in the prior section. A cluster mailbox residential homes and public park/open serving Alum Rock Park and residents space, which represents Alum Rock Park. living beyond the park is located near the Predominant land owners immediately intersection of Dorel Drive and Penitencia adjacent to the creek are the San José Creek Road. The roadway is widest Water Company, City of San José, Santa through this section, accommodating on-

1 Preliminary Geotechnical/Geologic Study for proposed Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1, GeoForensics, Inc, October 2005

PProjectroject SSiteite

eek Cr cia iten PPenitenciaen Creek

CCoyote Creek o y o te C re e k

Source: City of San José General Plan Fig. 4: San José Land Use Diagram

Clara Valley Water District, residential By 1850, California was granted statehood, owners and County of Santa Clara. which presented San José with the dawning Further from the Reach 1 corridor within of a new era. As the City grew, residents approximately 2 miles are more medium recognized the importance of Penitencia low density housing, non-urban hillside Creek and the canyon leading into the representing the hills above San José, foothills as open space resources and in 1872, public park/open space at Noble Park the area became known as Alum Rock Park, and Penitencia Creek County Park, the state’s ﬁ rst municipal park. public/quasi-public representing local schools and some general commercial From the early 1900’s until the 1960’s, the on Piedmont Road (see Fig. 4). fertile Santa Clara Valley was predominately covered in fruit orchards which fueled an Cultural History: agricultural economy. However, during the Penitencia Creek and Alum Rock Park 1960’s and 1970’s the prosperous agricultural have rich and varied histories. The Santa industry in Santa Clara Valley was slowly Clara Valley was inhabited by the Ohlone replaced by high tech office parks and Indians for more than a millennium prior new housing. This new technology-based to Spanish settlement in the eighteenth industry spurred growth and development century. The Ohlones lived as hunter- within the Valley which continues to this gatherers in small “triblets” around the day. area, subsisting primarily on rabbits, acorns and buckeye. An archaeological Biological Resources: survey was performed in 1976 and small Riparian habitats are widely considered as architectural deposits called midden were some of the most valued habitats for wildlife found within the area near the proposed species in California. Reach 1’s riparian Reach 1 segment. However, a similar woodland is comprised of sycamore, big- archaeological survey was performed leaf maple, alder, willow, buckeye, walnut, in January 2006 and no prehistoric bay laurel and oak. Understory species archaeological deposits were found. include blackberry, currant, willow and poison oak. In addition, there is an existing Spanish missionaries arrived in the Valley grove of mature eucalyptus providing by 1769 and founded Mission Santa Clara habitat for raptor species. The Penitencia de Asis in 1777. The mission’s Padres Creek corridor provides an abundance of would make penitential pilgrimages with shelter, shade and water serving a varied their followers to a tranquil oak grove community of species. Common species bordering the creek, lead prayer and found within the riparian corridor include perform their penance along the creek, red-tailed hawks, turkey vultures, wild hence the name Penitencia Creek. The turkeys, egrets, California quail, black- Spanish lived in the area until the mid- tailed deer, bobcats, ground squirrels and nineteenth century when the discovery the occasional mountain lion. Penitencia of gold brought explorers from around Creek is also a rich habitat for aquatic species the world to California by the thousands. such as frogs, turtles and ﬁ sh.

There are a number of special status species that have the potential to occur within the project area. Special status species are those listed, proposed or are considered candidate species by either the Federal or the State resource agencies, as well as those identiﬁ ed as State species of special concern. In addition, raptor nests and migratory bird nests are also protected. There are six special status wildlife species that have the potential to occur within the project site, though only steelhead trout and California red-legged frog have been observed along Penitencia Creek. A ﬁ sh ladder was constructed by the SCVWD in the 1990’s to promote continued improvement of steelhead habitat along Penitencia Creek.

In addition to wildlife, there are 24 special status plant species that have the potential to occur in the project vicinity, although none have been observed.

Fig. 5: Site Analysis Plan

Site Setting MATCHLINE -PAGE 12 -PAGE MATCHLINE 0 50' 100' 200' 6 5 4 3 2 1 Fig 5: Site Analysis Plan

7 MATCHLINE -PAGE 11 -PAGE MATCHLINE Fig. 5: Site Analysis Plan

Fig. 6: Photographic Log

1 2 Terminus of Reach 2 Noble Avenue bridge

3 4 Fish ladder facility Roadway shoulder near Noble Avenue

5 6 Sycamore near Tallent Avenue Wider roadway section between Tallent Avenue and Dorel Drive

Fig. 6: Photographic Log

7 8 Wide shoulder between Rock Mailbox near Dorel Drive Canyon Circle and Dorel Drive

9 10 Corner of Dorel Drive Private driveway near Dorel Drive

11 12 Failing fence east of Dorel Drive Narrow roadway east of Dorel Drive

Fig. 6: Photographic Log

13 14 Private driveway near Park Speed bump in roadway entrance

15 16 Park entry and parking lot Terminus of Park trail system

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 15 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 16 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Goals and Objectives

The goals and objectives for this master plan constraints. for trail improvements were developed early • Establish guidelines and in the planning process to guide decisions specific recommendations for throughout. trail development that address alignment, street crossings and General: site amenities. • Facilitate connection between Reach • Provide trail recommendations 2 and Alum Rock Park. consistent with the spirit of the • Accommodate growing need for policies set forth in the Santa Clara additional bicycle, pedestrian and County Trails Master Plan Update, recreational facilities. San José’s Greenprint for Park and • Enhance City’s network of alternative Community Facilities and Programs transportation routes by providing – A Twenty-Year Strategic Plan, San residents with expanded connections José General Plan, City of San José’s between existing trail systems and Riparian Corridor Policy, Coyote modes of public transit. Watershed Aesthetic Guidelines and • Provide access to creek open Santa Clara Valley Water Resources space areas for the enjoyment and Protection Collaborative’s Draft education of residents. Guidelines & Standards for Land Use • Evaluate alternative trail alignments Near Streams. and determine a recommended • Seek to address the concerns of alignment which best balances affected stakeholders, agencies aesthetic, educational, and physical and local residents and ensure alignment needs with trail safety, that the ﬁ nal Master Plan receives property ownership and regulatory the widest support possible.

Penitencia Creek Road

Circulation: • Provide links to existing trail networks and open park space. • Encourage alternative methods of transportation. • Minimize conflicts between pedestrians, bicyclists and motorists. • Provide for universal access (ADA compliance). • Provide trail visibility for security. Runners on Penitencia Creek Road Land Use: • Minimize impacts to riparian corridor. • Utilize areas already impacted for improvements. • Ensure that improvements are compatible with existing land uses.

Shoulder on Penitencia Creek Road near Noble Avenue

Education: • Facilitate awareness of sensitive riparian corridor environments. • Promote conservation of resources.

Pedestrian Creek crossing

Environmental Resources: • Minimize changes to creek shading levels to protect steelhead habitat. • Protect existing riparian resources by minimizing construction encroachment • Align trail to minimize impacts to existing riparian vegetation.

Fish ladder

Aesthetic: • Provide public access to open space and view sheds. • Conserve and maximize open space. • Preserve rural character of open space.

Informal path near creek

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 19 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 20 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Interagency Coordination

Proposing trail improvements along for the entire length of trail Penitencia Creek involved resolution improvements. of a number of challenging physical, environmental and regulatory issues, which Environmental Requirements: necessitated the involvement of several agencies and the City of San José. • The City of San José’s Riparian Corridor Policy states that Property Ownership: development adjacent to riparian habitats provide a minimum The trail passes through several different 100’ setback from the edge of the agencies’ properties and jurisdictions. Joint riparian corridor or top of bank, use agreements will be required to allow for whichever is greater. However, the eventual development of the trail, which lower-impact uses such as trail include provisions for maintenance of the development qualify for a setback trail improvements. exception and can be sited as close as 10’ from the edge of the • The collaborative development of riparian corridor. Trails may a joint use agreement is required enter the riparian corridor where between the City and County for there is no reasonable alternative trail improvements east of Dorel which avoids or reduces the Drive, because Penitencia Creek encroachment into the setback area. Road in this area falls under County Additionally, Section UD-1.3.3.1 of jurisdiction. the Santa Clara County’s Uniform Interjurisdictional Trail Design, Use, • A joint trails agreement between the and Management Guidelines states City and the SCVWD is required that “where topographic, resource management, or other constraints or management objectives make [staying out of a riparian zone] infeasible or undesirable… riparian setbacks may be adjusted.”

• Special status species such as steelhead trout have been found within the site. Mitigation measures described in the environmental document will identify ways to protect these species.

• Under the California Environ- mental Quality Act, impacts to Santa Clara Valley Water District easement

environmental resources resulting from a project must be analyzed and reported, and measures to avoid or reduce impacts to insigniﬁ cant levels identiﬁ ed and incorporated into the project.

• Numerous trees within the project area are classifi ed as ordinance- sized trees. The removal of trees greater than 18 inches in diameter measured at 24 inches above grade requires obtaining a permit through the City prior to Penitencia Creek near roadway removing the tree. Proposed trail improvements have been sited to the CDFG determines that the activity minimize removal of ordinance- could substantially adversely affect sized trees. Removal of these types an existing fi sh and wildlife resource, of trees has a recognized acceptable a Streambed Alteration Agreement mitigation replacement of a four to is required. In addition, a certifi ed one ratio (four new trees to replace CEQA document is required before every tree that is removed). Also, any work is performed within a creek any ordinance-sized trees located channel. Any impacts to the riparian within the riparian corridor are corridor will require mitigation. typically recommended to be replaced at a ratio of three to one • The Regional Water Quality Control as a square footage (three square Board’s (RWQCB) mission is to feet of new trees to replace every preserve, enhance and restore square foot of tree removed). the quality of California's water resources, which includes managing Agency Requirements: construction-related discharge of stormwater runoff. Adhering • The California Department of Fish to the latest National Pollutant and Game (CDFG) is responsible Discharge Elimination System for conserving, protecting, and (NPDES) requirements, project managing California's fi sh, wildlife, owners disturbing more than one- and native plant resources. To meet acre of land must obtain a General this responsibility, the CDFG must Permit for Discharges of Storm be notifi ed prior to beginning any Water Associated with Construction activity that will substantially Activity from the RWQCB prior to modify a river, stream, or lake. If commencing construction activities.

In addition, the San Francisco Bay biotic assessment of ordinary high Area Joint Aquatic Resource Permit water levels for the creek may be Application (JARPA) process allows required to determine the precise for a single permit application to limits of USACE jurisdiction and replace many individual applications permit applicability. required for state, regional and national agencies. • The County of Santa Clara requires an encroachment permit for work • The SCVWD manages waterways performed within the County’s within the County for purposes of right of way along Penitencia fl ood protection, stream and creek Creek Road, east of Dorel Drive. stewardship, underground aquifer In addition, the County will also management and district-built require a joint-use agreement with reservoir maintenance. Projects the City for trail maintenance located within 50’ of a SCVWD to be performed within County designated watercourse, or within jurisdiction. 50’ of SCVWD property or easement must obtain a construction permit. • Provision C.3 of the NPDES This permit requires project review, permit specifi cally addresses the which includes the assessment of control of the stormwater impacts impacts to affected watercourses associated with new development due to construction activity. In and redevelopment projects. The addition, a joint-trails agreement current requirement states that and encroachment permit must projects creating or replacing be obtained for any proposed more than 10,000 square feet of improvements falling within impervious area are subject to two SCVWD property or easements. separate control measures 1) the treatment of on-site stormwater • With respect to water resources, and 2) controlling the quantity the United States Army Corps of of stormwater leaving a project Engineers (USACE) aims to provide site through the use of detention, sustainable solutions which manage retention and infi ltration. the nation’s water resources and protect the welfare of the people. Under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act and Section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, permits may need to be obtained from the USACE to perform the boardwalk and helical pier work adjacent to the creek east of Dorel Drive. A

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 23 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 24 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Planning Process

Overview: 2005, a site inventory and opportunities The master planning process included and constraints were gathered and coordination with numerous agencies and incorporated into a site analysis plan took just over a year to complete. TAC for the entire length of Reach 1 (see Fig. input along with input from the community 5). The site analysis plan delineates the meeting was invaluable to the development following: of the master plan. • Property ownership and land use • Riparian corridor limit and 10’ The following steps were taken towards the riparian buffer development of the Final Master Plan: • 2.3-year and 100-year flood 1. Project Start-Up elevations 2. Site Reconnaissance and Analysis • Topographical survey including 3. Conceptual Design, Public Outreach contours and utilities and Plan Refi nement • Existing site features such as 4. Cost Analysis fencing, the fish ladder and 5. Alternatives Analysis driveways 6. Environmental Analysis and • Aerial photo of the site Clearance • Existing pedestrian, bicycle and 7. Operations and Maintenance vehicular circulation patterns Analysis • Vehicular traffi c counts 8. Final Master Plan • Potential nodes or creek crossing points Project Start-Up: The purpose of providing a comprehensive An initial site walk was conducted on assessment of opportunities and September 19, 2005 to review project limits, constraints is to present the factors in potential trail alignments and potential which the site encourages or limits trail environmental impacts of each alignment. development. Opportunities can be Studies and surveys, such as a biotic defi ned as those site characteristics lending assessment, cultural resources assessment, themselves to easy trail development, hazardous materials assessment and enhancement of the trail experience, geotechnical analysis were conducted at maximum preservation of environmental the site over the following months. resources and responsiveness to project goals. Constraints can be defined as Site Reconnaissance and Analysis: those site characteristics restricting trail A site visit attended by City staff and project development such as physical barriers, consultants was held on September 21, poor trail experience, public safety and 2005 to review the project limits, identify unresponsiveness to project goals. possible alignments, discuss potential property acquisition and identify potential environmental impacts. From this site walk and one conducted on September 19,

Conceptual Design, Public Outreach, conceptual drawing. and Plan Refi nement: The conceptual design process involved A community meeting was held on January the following steps: 11, 2006 at Berryessa Public Library. • TAC Meeting #1 “Alignment A” and “Alignment B” were • Community Meeting presented to the community. Residents • Alternative Alignments Analysis expressed safety concerns over both • TAC Meeting #2 alignments’ close proximity to the roadway Each of these steps represents a design and suggested that alternative alignments iteration where refi nements were made to be explored to keep trail users further from the preliminary master plan addressing the roadway and in the riparian corridor comments from either the community or for a more pleasant trail experience. The the TAC members. These refi nements community asked that the team revisit the have resulted in the recommended trail site and identify additional options. alignment shown in this document. A site walk was conducted on January 19, After delineating the site analysis plan 2006 to explore alternative alignments to from the Site Reconnaissance and address the community’s suggestion that Analysis phase, two preliminary trail other alignments should be evaluated. An alignments were developed for the TAC evaluation of each alignment was noted and meeting #1 held on October 19, 2005. The incorporated into an Alignment Alternatives focus of this meeting was to solicit input plan (see Fig. 7). The Alignment Alternatives from TAC members on the alignments: plan showed the two alignments presented • Alignment A – The Class 1 trail to the public (Alignment A and B) and would follow the San Jose Water also showed the additional alignment Company access road, cross the alternatives explored during the site walk. creek via a proposed pedestrian Alignment A is designated by the blue bridge at Rock Canyon Circle, join dashed line. Alignment B is designated Penitencia Creek Road and then by the red dashed line. A third alternative proceed to Alum Rock Park with which was explored would utilize the San a separate pedestrian trail and on- Jose Water Company road and follow the street bike route. ridgetops around an existing neighborhood • Alignment B – The trail would and then finally cross Penitencia Creek follow Penitencia Creek Road into Alum Rock Park. This alternative for the entire segment and would is denoted by the dashed purple line. A incorporate a pedestrian trail, fourth alternative alignment would follow separated from the on-street bike the north edge of Penitencia Creek from route. Noble Avenue to Dorel Drive and then cross the existing bridge on Dorel Drive The TAC members’ comments were to get back on to Penitencia Creek Road. noted and incorporated into a revised This alignment then crosses to the south

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 26 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Planning Process 3rd Alternative 3rd 4th Alternative 5th Alternative Creek Alignment A Alignment B Legend Fig. 7: Alternatives Analysis

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 27 Master Plan Planning Process side of Penitencia Creek Road along an However, the most signifi cant reason these expanded roadway shoulder that would alternative alignments were considered be created by cutting into the hillside and impractical was due to the fact that it is retaining the steep slopes with a retaining unlikely the regulatory agencies would issue wall. The alignment would continue the required construction permits for any of along the shoulder until the entrance them. After recognizing these constraints, of Alum Rock Park. This alternative is it was deemed that pursuing “Alignment denoted by the solid yellow line. A fi fth B” or the “Roadway Alignment” along alternative alignment would follow the Penitencia Creek Road would be the most San Jose Water Company road, cross the prudent course of action. This alignment creek at the proposed Rock Canyon Circle improves pedestrian safety, is structurally bridge and proceed along the north side and fi scally feasible, is accessible by users of Penitencia Creek Road until Dorel of all physical abilities and would likely Drive. At Dorel Drive, this alignment, receive the required regulatory permits denoted by the green dashed line, would as it minimizes environmental impacts. cross to the south side of Penitencia Creek This approach was further justifi ed by the Road and follow the same alignment as likely disruptions to the other alignments that denoted by the yellow line. anticipated by future flood control improvements to be made along this reach A second TAC meeting was held on March of the trail. 15, 2006 to solicit input on the roadway alignment, potential fencing from Dorel Environmental Analysis and Clearance: Drive to Alum Rock Park, joint-use Under CEQA guidelines, an environmental agreements, mitigation requirements, document must be prepared to evaluate mailbox relocation and crosswalk project impacts and to identify measures locations. TAC member comments to mitigate any potential impacts to a less were recorded and incorporated into the than signifi cant level. An assessment is preliminary master plan. required of project impacts on the following factors: Alternatives Analysis: • Aesthetics, recreation and land use After analyzing several different • Air quality and noise alignments utilizing the San José Water • Biological, mineral and cultural Company access road, the north side of resources Penitencia Creek, and the south side of • Geology and soils Penitencia Creek Road east of Dorel Drive, • Hazardous materials staff determined that none of them could • Hydrology and water quality be deemed practical due to steep grades, • Population, housing, utilities and the necessity for a signifi cant bridge span public services to cross Penitencia Creek in the park and • Transportation and traffi c the need for private property acquisition.

To assist in the preparation of CEQA to identify required maintenance requirements, the following technical tasks and their frequency. studies were conducted: • Post City contact information at • Biotic established intervals along the trail • Cultural resource for users to report maintenance or • Hazardous materials safety problems. • Geotechnical • Develop programs to encourage Each of these studies involved performing a trail users to participate as site inventory, analyzing project impacts and volunteers in trail maintenance identifying mitigation measures to reduce events. impacts to a less than signiﬁ cant level. The • Provide dog waste dispensers to proposed trail alignment along Penitencia encourage dog owners to clean Creek Road affects some existing riparian up after their pets. Post signs vegetation that will require mitigation by informing public about dog planting additional riparian vegetation. ordinances and restrictions. • Post trail rules and hours of The environmental studies’ analyses and operation at access points along recommendations were incorporated Reach 1. into a preliminary Administrative Draft Initial Study reviewed by the City’s Planning Department in May 2006. A Draft Initial Study was submitted to the State Clearinghouse for a 30 day public circulation period in July 2006, and a resolution identifying the mitigation and monitoring plan for the mitigated negative declaration on the project was adopted by the City Council. The City has prepared and circulated the environmental analysis prior to adoption of the Master Plan, consistent with CEQA.

Operations and Maintenance: To ensure continued trail use and enjoyment by City residents, a maintenance and management plan should be enacted prior to trail development. The following management policies are recommended: • Develop a management and maintenance plan prior to implementation of improvements

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 29 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 30 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Master Plan Description

Input received from the TAC as well as from the community meeting was incorporated into the master plan document. Within the framework of goals and objectives stated earlier, opportunities and constraints were identified that ultimately helped guide the Master Plan recommendations listed below.

The recommended trail alignment (see Fig.12) is the result of carefully reviewing Penitencia Creek near Rock Canyon Circle and balancing different criteria and considerations for trail placement. The to accommodate proposed trail following considerations, listed in order of width. importance, were used to determine a ﬁ nal • Alignment along roadway alignment: provides high visibility for • Utilize public lands and right of policing trail activities. ways for trail alignment. Acquisition • Close proximity to creek provides of private property is expensive and trail users with a creekside lengthens the trail implementation view. process. • Alignment of trail along the • Minimize impacts to vehicular trafﬁ c existing roadway minimizes by maintaining existing roadway environmental impact to riparian widths. corridor. • Minimize impacts to environmental

resources and protect area resources Constraints: to improve likelihood of obtaining • Connection between Reaches required construction permits. 1 and 2 requires crossing the • Minimize pedestrian / vehicular Noble Avenue bridge, creating conflicts along the Reach 1 a potential conﬂ ict between trail segment, crossing streets only where users and vehicular trafﬁ c. necessary. • Alignment’s close proximity to road provides sidewalk-like The Master Plan descriptions are divided experience of trail. into three sections along Reach 1: • Alignment along roadway • Noble Avenue to Tallent Avenue does not allow for County • Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive standard multi-use trail width, • Dorel Drive to Alum Rock Park necessitating separate bicycle facilities. Section 1 - Noble Avenue to Tallent • Alignment along roadway Avenue: encounters a mature riparian Opportunities: tree, which requires routing the • Existing road shoulder width able

trail around this tree and further able to accommodate proposed trail into the riparian corridor (see Fig. width. 10). • Alignment along roadway provides high visibility for policing trail Recommendations: activities. • Provide a 6 foot wide raised • Close proximity to creek provides concrete paved trail, vertically trail users a visual connection to separated from the roadway by waterway and riparian corridor. City standard curb and gutter. • Alignment of trail along the existing Use permeable paving such roadway minimizes environmental as permeable concrete where impact to riparian corridor. possible. • Provide “Pedestrian in Road” Constraints: signage at Noble Avenue bridge • Alignment’s close proximity to road until bridge is replaced by Santa provides sidewalk-like feel to trail. Clara Valley Water District and • Alignment along roadway does U.S. Army Corps of Engineers not allow for County standard trail as part of future flood control width. improvements. • Provide “Narrow Path – Walk Bikes” signage at potential trail entrance at Noble Avenue. • Provide “Bike Route” signage every 1/8 mile in both directions along Penitencia Creek Road (see Fig. 8). • Provide “sharrow” pavement markings along Penitencia Creek Road if current regulations are modiﬁ ed to allow streets without Fig. 8: Bike Route Sign on-street parking to designate bike use in this manner (see Fig. 9). • Preserve riverine shading for the steelhead population by retaining existing mature trees along Penitencia Creek Road and routing the trail around the trees where possible.

Section 2 - Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive: Opportunities: Fig. 9: Sharrow in Roadway • Existing road shoulder width

• Recommended trail alignment RIPARIAN prevents access to existing cluster CORRIDOR mailbox. TRAIL • Existing power pole and mature trees near Penitencia Creek Road coincides with trail alignment. 3'-0" MIN

Recommendations: • SYCAMORE Provide a 6 foot wide raised concrete TO REMAIN paved trail, vertically separated from the roadway by City standard PENITENCIA curb and gutter (see Fig. 16). Use CREEK ROAD permeable paving such as permeable concrete where possible. CURB AND GUTTER • Provide “Narrow Path – Walk Bikes” signage at potential trail entrance at Fig. 10: Routing Trail Around Mature Tree Dorel Drive • Provide “Bike Route” signage every 1/8 mile in both directions. • Provide “sharrow” pavement markings if current regulations are modiﬁ ed to allow streets without on-street parking to designate bike use in this manner. • Coordinate with U.S. Postal Service to relocate cluster mailbox to the Penitencia Creek Road near Tallent Avenue south side of Penitencia Creek Road, near Poppy Lane. • Route trail to the north of the existing power pole and around trees.

Section 3 - Dorel Drive to Alum Rock Park: Opportunities: • Alignment along roadway provides high visibility for policing trail activities. • Alignment of trail along the existing roadway minimizes environmental impact to riparian corridor.

Constraints: • Alignment’s close proximity to Cluster mailbox near Dorel Drive © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 33 Master Plan Master Plan Description

road provides sidewalk-like feel intersection with Dorel Drive to to trail. avoid trail alignment conflicts • Alignment along roadway does with the eroding stream bank and not allow for County standard existing utilities (see Fig.13). Re- trail width. grade south side of Penitencia Creek • Alignment crosses a vehicular road Road to accommodate roadway bridge and private driveways. realignment. • Stream bank is steep and eroded from the vehicular bridge to Trail Description: approximately 100 feet to the The master plan also serves to provide design east. guidelines suggesting how the completed • Existing fire hydrant and trail will look and feel. Since this trail will power pole coincide with trail be part of a regional trail system, it needs to alignment. be able to accommodate a moderate level • Existing privately owned fence is of pedestrian trafﬁ c. The City’s standard failing and needs replacement. trail width is 12’ with 2’ shoulders yielding a total width of 16’. However, since this Recommendations: trail is located in especially constrained • Use a concrete deck boardwalk conditions, the proposed trail width of 6’ supported by helical pier is a signiﬁ cant, but reasonable compromise foundation system for the 100 foot that still allows for passing wheelchairs. segment east of vehicular bridge to The narrower proposed trail width of 4’ minimize construction impacts to from Dorel Drive to Alum Rock Park is due creek (see Fig. 11 and Figure 13). to a narrow roadway and steep encroaching • Provide a 4 foot wide raised slopes; thus this section will have passing concrete paved trail, vertically spaces every 200’ to meet ADA requirements. separated from the roadway by This narrower width balances appropriate City standard curb and gutter (see Fig. 17). Use permeable paving such as permeable concrete where NEW RESIDENTIAL FENCE possible. 4'-0" WIDE CONCRETE • Provide “Narrow Path – Walk DECK 3'-6" FENCE Bikes” signage at potential trail CURB AND GUTTER entrances at Dorel Drive and Alum EDGE OF EXISTING Rock Park. PAVEMENT • Provide 3’-6” tall rural-character HELICAL PIER FOUNDATION fencing between pedestrian trail EXISTING GRADE and roadway from Dorel Drive to CREEKBED Alum Rock Park to reinforce visual separation. • Shift the centerline of Penitencia Fig. 11: Boardwalk at Top of Bank Section Creek Road to the south at the

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 34 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Master Plan Description pedestrian access with minimal impacts to art size, type and location will be refi ned riparian vegetation. during the fi nal design document sphase, but these artistic embelishments will likely The materials used to develop this trail help to make the trail a more engaging, should reflect the rural setting of this memorable and educational pedestrian reach of the trail. The use of split-rail or experience. other ‘open’ fencing from Dorel Drive to Alum Rock Park and integrally colored concrete of softer natural tones rather than standard concrete colors would help reinforce the rural character of the trail. In addition, imprinting or sandblasting iconic symbols such as leaves from native plants or wildlife paw prints into the concrete at entrance nodes to the trail may serve as an educational opportunity for trail users. This paving element may provide an opportunity for public art. The inclusion of interpretive signage at the fi sh ladder might also enhance the educational experience for Penitencia Creek road east of Dorel Drive trail users. The Reach 1 segment should also exhibit the “look and feel” of the other reaches within the Penitencia Creek Trail chain to provide trail users with a consistent and enjoyable trail experience. Lastly, the trail should be low maintenance and have minimal long-term impacts to neighbors and environmental resources.

One method to ensure a consistent 'look Example of open fence along Alamitos Trail and feel' between the various trail reaches as well as providing an improved aesthetic experience is through the incorporation of art elements. The City has a Public Art Program which requires that 2% of the design and construction cost of a project be earmaked for public art. Due to the constraints of the site, art pieces for this reach will likely be incorporated into the main trail elements, including concrete pavement, riparian barrier, open fence, directional or regulatory signage, and interpretive sign. Details of the Example of concrete imprint

Fig. 12: Master Plan

Master Plan Description MATCHLINE -PAGE 38 -PAGE MATCHLINE 0 50' 100' 200'

penser

Dog waste dis Fig. 12: Master Plan

dispenser

Dog waste MATCHLINE -PAGE 37 -PAGE MATCHLINE Fig. 12: Master Plan

' 40

20'

10'

0 Fig. 13: Dorel Drive Enlargement Plan

' 40

20'

10'

0 Fig. 14: Alum Rock Park Connection Enlargement Plan

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 40 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Master Plan Description 0 4' 8' 16' Fig. 15: Noble Avenue to Tallent Avenue - Section Avenue to Tallent Fig. 15: Noble Avenue

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 41 Master Plan Master Plan Description 0 4' 8' 16' Fig. 16: Tallent Avenue to Dorel Drive - Section Avenue Fig. 16: Tallent

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 43 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 44 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Estimate of Costs

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 47 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 48 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Next Steps

Master planning and environmental of transportation choices, and documentation for Reach 1 of Penitencia support connectivity between Creek Trail is just the beginning of the process transportation investments and toward trail implementation. The master land uses) plan offers a vision of what the trail can • Bicycle Transportation Account be, but ultimately, identifying and securing (Improve safety and convenience funding sources, preparing construction for bicycle commuters) documents and obtaining necessary permits • TDA Article 3 Funds (Pedestrian from regulatory agencies is what’s required and bicycle projects) for trail implementation. • Land and Water Conservation Fund (Aquisition or development Trail Implementation: of outdoor recreation areas and The ﬁ rst step towards trail implementation facilities including trails) is identifying funding sources. Since the • Transportation Funds for Clean Air recommended trail alignment in this master (Projects to reduce air pollution plan has a greater emphasis on pedestrian from motor vehicles) access improvements, grant funding will • Rivers, Trails and Conservation likely also need to have an emphasis on Assistance Program (Technical pedestrians. Assistance for projects that conserve rivers, preserve open The following is a list of potential funding space, and develop trails and sources (see Appendix B for additional greenways) details): • Bay Area Ridge Trail

• Habitat Conservation Fund (trails/ Once funding is secured for the programs) construction of the project, speciﬁ c project • Recreational Trails Programs programming needs to be developed. (Construction maintenance, Project programming is the process of restoration, purchase and lease reviewing the contents of the master plan of lands, motorized equipment, and determining the speciﬁ c qualities and educational programs to promote amenities the trail project will contain. trail safety) These programmatic items are then • Environmental Justice: Context incorporated into construction documents Sensitive Planning (Programming for the trail. A series of construction and implementation of transportation document reviews are conducted by improvements) the City and regulatory agencies to help • California River Parkways (Trails guide the construction of the trail and along rivers and streams) ensure all required permits are obtained. • Transportation for Livable Also during this part of the process, joint- Communities (For projects developed use agreements will need to be obtained through an inclusive community between the City and the County as well planning effort, provide for a range as between the City and the SCVWD.

Conclusion: Seeing this project through to completion is critical to getting one more link completed in the City’s overall vision of a connected network of over 100 miles of trails. On a more local level, Reach 1 will serve to provide a long-awaited connection to Alum Rock Park and other neighborhood amenities, opening up an abundance of recreational and open space opportunities for neighbors.

References

• Preliminary Geotechnical/Geologic • Focus on the Future Report San José 2020 General Plan GeoForensics, Inc. City of San José October 2005 August 1994

• Master Plan • Coyote Watershed Aesthetic Penitencia Creek Park Guidelines Royston, Hanamoto, Beck and Abey Merrill & Befu Associates July 1977 December 2000

• Phase I Environmental Site Assessment • City of San José Greenprint for Lowney Associates Parks and Community Facilities and November 2005 Programs City of San José • CEQA Initial Study/Mitigated September 2000 Negative Declaration Denise Duffy & Associates • Draft Guidelines & Standards for August 2006 Land Use Near Streams Santa Clara Valley Water • Cultural Resources Study Resources Protection Holman & Associates Collaborative January 2006 August 2005

• Biotic Assessment Study Biotic Resources Group August 2006

• Uniform Interjurisdictional Trail Design, Use and Management Guidelines Santa Clara County April 1999

• Countywide Trails Master Plan Update Santa Clara County November 1995

• Riparian Corridor Policy Study City of San José May 1994

© copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 Landscape Architecture, Inc. 51 Master Plan © copyrighted 2006 Callander Associates Penitencia Creek Trail Reach 1 52 Landscape Architecture, Inc. Master Plan Acknowledgements

Mayor

Ron Gonzales

City Council Members

Linda J. LeZotte, District 1 Forrest Williams, District 2 Cindy Chavez, District 3 Chuck Reed, District 4 Nora Campos, District 5 Ken Yeager, District 6 Madison Nguyen, District 7 David D. Cortese, District 8 Judy Chirco, District 9 Nancy Pyle, District 10

Public Works

Katy Allen, Director

Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services

Albert Balagso, Director (Acting)

Technical Advisory Committee

Jan Palajac, Associate Landscape Architect, City of San José, Department of Public Works, City Facilities Architectural Services Division Bill Tucker, Senior Landscape Architect, City of San José, Department of Public Works, City Facilities Architectural Services Division Yves Zsutty, Program Manager, Citywide Trail System, City of San José, Department of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services Mike McClintock, Parks Facilities Supervisor, City of San José, Department of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services, Parks Division - Alum Rock Park Cindy Rebhan, Parks Manager, City of San José, Department of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services, Parks Division Manuel Cota, Principal Engineer Technician, City of San José, Department of Transportation, Planning and Project Division Armando Gomez, District 4 Council Liaison, City of San José Alicia Bosco, District 4 Council Liason, City of San José

Technical Advisory Committee (continued)

Michael Rhodes, Senior Planner, City of San José, Department of Planning, Building Code Enforcement Steve Bui, Senior Engineer, Santa Clara Valley Water District Theo Hipol, Assistant Engineer, Santa Clara Valley Water District Brian Mendenhall, Project Manager, Santa Clara Valley Water District Bill Yeung, Associate Civil Engineer, Santa Clara County Roads and Airports Bill Miller, Ofﬁ cer, San José Police Department Richard Ortiz, Maintenance Supervisor, City of San José, Department of Parks, Recreation and Neighborhood Services John Brazil, Bicycle/Pedestrian Program Coordinator, City of San José, Department of Transportation Sam Yung, Associate Civil Engineer, Santa Clara Valley Water District

Consultant Team

Mark Slichter, Principal-in-Charge, Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc. Marie Mai, Project Manager, Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc. David Rubin, Project Designer, Callander Associates Landscape Architecture, Inc. Leianne Humble, Environmental Consultant, Denise Duffy & Associates Kathleen Lyons, Plant Ecologist, Biotic Resources Group Dan Dyckman, Senior Geotechnical Engineer, GeoForensics, Inc. Miley Paul Holman, Archaeologist, Holman & Associates Lester Ikegami, Civil Engineer & Land Surveyor Belinda Blackie, Senior Project Engineer, Lowney Associates Kevin Ahern, Marketing, Data Marketing Inc.