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Inside the Ebola Wars the New Yorker
4/13/2017 Inside the Ebola Wars The New Yorker A REPORTER AT LARGE OCTOBER 27, 2014 I﹙UE THE EBOLA WARS How genomics research can help contain the outbreak. By Richard Preston Pardis Sabeti and Stephen Gire in the Genomics Platform of the Broad Institute of M.I.T. and Harvard, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. They have been working to sequence Ebola’s genome and track its mutations. he most dangerous outbreak of an emerging infectious disease since the appearance of H.I.V., in the early nineteen-eighties, seems to have begun on DTecember 6, 2013, in the village of Meliandou, in Guinea, in West Africa, with the death of a two-year-old boy who was suffering from diarrhea and a fever. We now know that he was infected with Ebola virus. The virus is a parasite that lives, normally, in some as yet unidentified creature in the ecosystems of equatorial Africa. This creature is the natural host of Ebola; it could be a type of fruit bat, or some small animal that lives on the body of a bat—possibly a bloodsucking insect, a tick, or a mite. Before now, Ebola had caused a number of small, vicious outbreaks in central and eastern Africa. Doctors and other health workers were able to control the outbreaks quickly, and a belief developed in the medical and scientific communities that Ebola was not much of a threat. The virus is spread only through direct contact with blood and bodily fluids, and it didn’t seem to be mutating in any significant way. -
The American University in Cairo Press
TheThe AmericanAmerican 2009 UniversityUniversity inin Cairo Cairo PressPress Complete Catalog Fall The American University in Cairo Press, recognized “The American University in Cairo Press is the Arab as the leading English-language publisher in the region, world’s top foreign-language publishing house. It has currently offers a backlist of more than 1000 publica- transformed itself into one of the leading players in tions and publishes annually up to 100 wide-ranging the dialog between East and West, and has produced academic texts and general interest books on ancient a canon of Arabic literature in translation unmatched and modern Egypt and the Middle East, as well as in depth and quality by any publishing house in the Arabic literature in translation, most notably the works world.” of Egypt’s Nobel laureate Naguib Mahfouz. —Egypt Today New Publications 9 Marfleet/El Mahdi Egypt: Moment of Change 22 Abdel-Hakim/Manley Traveling through the 10 Masud et al. Islam and Modernity Deserts of Egypt 14 McNamara The Hashemites 28 Abu Golayyel A Dog with No Tail 23 Mehdawy/Hussein The Pharaoh’s Kitchen 31 Alaidy Being Abbas el Abd 15 Moginet Writing Arabic 2 Arnold The Monuments of Egypt 30 Mustafa Contemporary Iraqi Fiction 31 Aslan The Heron 8 Naguib Women, Water, and Memory 29 Bader Papa Sartre 20 O’Kane The Illustrated Guide to the Museum 9 Bayat Life as Politics of Islamic Art 13 al-Berry Life is More Beautiful than Paradise 2 Ratnagar The Timeline History of Ancient Egypt 15 Bloom/Blair Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art 33 Roberts, R.A. -
Kuwaiti Arabic: a Socio-Phonological Perspective
Durham E-Theses Kuwaiti Arabic: A Socio-Phonological Perspective AL-QENAIE, SHAMLAN,DAWOUD How to cite: AL-QENAIE, SHAMLAN,DAWOUD (2011) Kuwaiti Arabic: A Socio-Phonological Perspective, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/935/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk Kuwaiti Arabic: A Socio-Phonological Perspective By Shamlan Dawood Al-Qenaie Thesis submitted to the University of Durham for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Modern Languages and Cultures 2011 DECLARATION This is to attest that no material from this thesis has been included in any work submitted for examination at this or any other university. i STATEMENT OF COPYRIGHT The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without the prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. -
FOREIGNER TALK in ARABIC Input in Circumstances Such As Those
CHAPTER SIX FOREIGNER TALK IN ARABIC Input in circumstances such as those illustrated in chapter four took place by means of modifying the target language (i.e. tendencies of Foreigner Talk). Because Arabs, as the native speakers of the target language, were the majority group in the loci of early communica- tion, they themselves were able to undertake the initiative of modify- ing their native language, especially when the majority of them were monolinguals. Although heavy restructuring and loaning from a for- eign language have permanently affected the formation of varieties of Arabic elsewhere in East Africa and Asia, the type of input and the non-linguistic ecological conditions that facilitated it in the now-Arab world inhibited this process in the case of the dialects. It is unlikely, according to the conclusion of the previous chapter, that native speak- ers undertake a heavy restructuring of their language, even if the purpose is educational. If heavy restructuring is attempted by native speakers it takes place in highly marked situations. When restructur- ing occurs, however, the upgrading nature of FT does not allow a per- manent mark on the output of the non-native speaker. Generally speaking, if FT should be grammatical, and if the con- clusions concerning the socio-demographics of Arabicization have any historical truth, then it must be responsible for the differences between Classical Arabic (as the nearest variety to pre-Islamic Arabic) and the Modern Arabic dialects. These differences are less than the differences between Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic on the one hand and the Arabic-based pidgins and creoles on the other, but are in many respects the result of internal processes, such as gen- eralization and reduction. -
Semantic Innovation and Change in Kuwaiti Arabic: a Study of the Polysemy of Verbs
` Semantic Innovation and Change in Kuwaiti Arabic: A Study of the Polysemy of Verbs Yousuf B. AlBader Thesis submitted to the University of Sheffield in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of English Literature, Language and Linguistics April 2015 ABSTRACT This thesis is a socio-historical study of semantic innovation and change of a contemporary dialect spoken in north-eastern Arabia known as Kuwaiti Arabic. I analyse the structure of polysemy of verbs and their uses by native speakers in Kuwait City. I particularly report on qualitative and ethnographic analyses of four motion verbs: dašš ‘enter’, xalla ‘leave’, miša ‘walk’, and i a ‘run’, with the aim of establishing whether and to what extent linguistic and social factors condition and constrain the emergence and development of new senses. The overarching research question is: How do we account for the patterns of polysemy of verbs in Kuwaiti Arabic? Local social gatherings generate more evidence of semantic innovation and change with respect to the key verbs than other kinds of contexts. The results of the semantic analysis indicate that meaning is both contextually and collocationally bound and that a verb’s meaning is activated in different contexts. In order to uncover the more local social meanings of this change, I also report that the use of innovative or well-attested senses relates to the community of practice of the speakers. The qualitative and ethnographic analyses demonstrate a number of differences between friendship communities of practice and familial communities of practice. The groups of people in these communities of practice can be distinguished in terms of their habits of speech, which are conditioned by the situation of use. -
Outbreak of SARS-Cov-2 Infections, Including COVID-19 Vaccine
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Infections, Including COVID-19 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections, Associated with Large Public Gatherings — Barnstable County, Massachusetts, July 2021 Catherine M. Brown, DVM1; Johanna Vostok, MPH1; Hillary Johnson, MHS1; Meagan Burns, MPH1; Radhika Gharpure, DVM2; Samira Sami, DrPH2; Rebecca T. Sabo, MPH2; Noemi Hall, PhD2; Anne Foreman, PhD2; Petra L. Schubert, MPH1; Glen R. Gallagher PhD1; Timelia Fink1; Lawrence C. Madoff, MD1; Stacey B. Gabriel, PhD3; Bronwyn MacInnis, PhD3; Daniel J. Park, PhD3; Katherine J. Siddle, PhD3; Vaira Harik, MS4; Deirdre Arvidson, MSN4; Taylor Brock-Fisher, MSc5; Molly Dunn, DVM5; Amanda Kearns5; A. Scott Laney, PhD2 On July 30, 2021, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Massachusetts, that attracted thousands of tourists from across Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). the United States. Beginning July 10, the Massachusetts During July 2021, 469 cases of COVID-19 associated Department of Public Health (MA DPH) received reports of with multiple summer events and large public gatherings in an increase in COVID-19 cases among persons who reside in a town in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, were identified or recently visited Barnstable County, including in fully vac- among Massachusetts residents; vaccination coverage among cinated persons. Persons with COVID-19 reported attending eligible Massachusetts residents was 69%. Approximately densely packed indoor and outdoor events at venues that three quarters (346; 74%) of cases occurred in fully vac- included bars, restaurants, guest houses, and rental homes. On cinated persons (those who had completed a 2-dose course July 3, MA DPH had reported a 14-day average COVID-19 of mRNA vaccine [Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna] or had incidence of zero cases per 100,000 persons per day in residents received a single dose of Janssen [Johnson & Johnson] vac- of the town in Barnstable County; by July 17, the 14-day cine ≥14 days before exposure). -
Michael S. Brown, MD
DISTINGUISHED PHYSICIANS AND Michael S. Brown, M.D. Sir Richard Roberts, Ph.D. Winner, 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Winner, 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine MEDICAL SCIENTISTS MENTORING Winner, 1988 Presidential National Medal of Science A globally prominent biochemist and molecular biologist, DELEGATES HAVE INCLUDED... Dr. Brown received the world’s most prestigious medical Dr. Roberts was awarded the Nobel Prize for his prize for his work describing the regulation of the groundbreaking contribution to discovering RNA splicing. cholesterol metabolism. His work laid the foundation for Dr. Roberts is dedicating his future research to GMO crops the class of drugs now called statins taken daily by more than 20 million and food sources, and demonstrating the effect they have on humanity. — GRANDg MASTERS — people worldwide. Ferid Murad, M.D., Ph.D. Mario Capecchi, Ph.D. Boris D. Lushniak, M.D., M.P.H Winner, 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Academy Science Director The Surgeon General of the United States (acting, 2013-2014) Winner, 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine A world-renowned pioneer in biochemistry, Dr. Murad’s Winner, 2001 National Medal of Science Rear Admiral Lushniak, M.D., M.P.H., was the United award-winning research demonstrated that nitroglycerin Winner, 2001 Lasker Award States’ leading spokesperson on matters of public health, and related drugs help patients with heart conditions by Winner, 2003 Wolf Prize in Medicine overseeing the operations of the U.S. Public Health Service releasing nitric oxide into the body, thus relaxing smooth Mario Capecchi, Ph.D., a biophysicist, is a Distinguished Commissioned Corps, which consists of approximately muscles by elevating intracellular cyclic GMP, leading to vasodilation and Professor of Human Genetics at the University of Utah School of Medicine. -
On Dictatorship, Literature and the Coming Revolution: Regime and Novels in Iraq 1995-2003
NIDABA AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST STUDIES CENTER FOR MIDDLE EASTERN STUDIES | LUND UNIVERSITY On Dictatorship, Literature and the Coming Revolution: Regime and Novels in Iraq 1995-2003 Ronen Zeidel UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA [email protected] The last years of the Saddam regime in Iraq are often described as the disintegration of the very pow- erful state as the result of the cumulative impact of wars and sanctions. Yet in one field, literature, the Saddam regime maintained a firmer grip during its last years. This article describes the regime’s politics with regard to literature and literary production, concentrating on the novel, in the period between 1995–2003. The article explains why the regime targeted the literary field before its doom and why it focused on the novel. Examining the Iraqi regime and its “eccentricity” during this period illuminates the control of the totalitarian Ba’ath dictatorship, and sheds a new light on the belated emergence of literary reaction, silently hatching during that period, in the form of a new literary generation that would revolutionize Iraqi cultural life after 2003. This revolution is often calledDeba‘athification and only its political and bureaucratic aspects are given attention. This article is, thus, about the cultural background of deba‘athification. Keywords: Iraq; literature; totalitarianism; cultural revolution ON DICTATORSHIP, LITERATURE AND THE COMING REVOLUTION: REGIME AND NOVELS IN IRAQ 1995-2003 63 INTRODUCTION Caiani and Catherine Cobham’s (2013), The Iraqi Novel: Key Writers, Key Texts. This book is not fo- The last years of the Saddam Hussein’s regime cused on the 1990s and is more interested in the style in Iraq are often described as the disintegration of and literary value of key texts than in the context a very strong and monolithic state as the result of of their publication or the discourse they produce. -
EGYPTIAN and KUWAITI ARABIC in CONTACT: the CASE of KUWAITI /K, Tʃ/ and /Θ
Dialectologia 16 (2016), 45-70. ISSN: 2013-2247 Received 2 June 2014. Accepted 1 September 2014. EGYPTIAN AND KUWAITI ARABIC IN CONTACT: THE CASE OF KUWAITI /k, tʃ/ AND /θ/ Abdulmohsen A. DASHTI, Raheema AKBAR & Hanan TAQI College of Basic Education, State of Kuwait∗ [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Studies of dialect have recently attracted the interest of sociolinguists who are trying to seek answers as to how and why mutually intelligible linguistic varieties may influence one another when they come into contact, and more importantly the linguistic outcomes of such contact. These studies show that it is very unlikely that adult immigrants can fully and accurately acquire a non-native variety. Chambers (1992) argues that the acquisition of a second dialect is governed by a number of linguistic rules. In a previous study (Dashti 1997), the author examined the acquisition of three phonological variables, namely, (q) (ʤ) and (ð) of Kuwaiti Arabic together with their variants by Egyptian Arabs whose native Arabic variety is Egyptian Arabic. It was suggested then, that the acquisition of both the variable (k) and the variable (θ) in the speech of Egyptian Arabs are also worth investigating in future research. This study aimed at investigating the acquisition of the Kuwaiti variables (k) and (θ) and their variants by Egyptian acquirers in the light of Chambers’ principles. 40 subjects were interviewed and 40 hours of tape-recorded conversation were collected, phonetically transcribed and then statistically analysed. Analysis showed that both variables were complex and difficult to acquire by Egyptians. -
Arxiv:2003.13670V4 [Cs.CY] 3 Apr 2020 IV Program
Anonymous Collocation Discovery: Harnessing Privacy to Tame the Coronavirus∗ Ran Canetti† Ari Trachtenberg‡ Mayank Varia§ Boston University April 7, 2020 Abstract Successful containment of the Coronavirus pandemic rests on the ability to quickly and reliably identify those who have been in close proximity to a contagious individual. Existing tools for doing so rely on the collection of exact location information of individuals over lengthy time periods, and combining this information with other personal information. This unprecedented encroachment on individual privacy at national scales has created an outcry and risks rejection of these tools. We propose an alternative: an extremely simple scheme for providing fine-grained and timely alerts to users who have been in the close vicinity of an infected individual. Crucially, this is done while preserving the anonymity of all individuals, and without collecting or storing any personal information or location history. Our approach is based on using short-range communication mechanisms, like Bluetooth, that are available in all modern cell phones. It can be deployed with very little infrastructure, and incurs a relatively low false-positive rate compared to other collocation methods. We also describe a number of extensions and tradeoffs. We believe that the privacy guarantees provided by the scheme will encourage quick and broad voluntary adoption. When combined with sufficient testing capacity and existing best practices from healthcare professionals, we hope that this may significantly reduce the infection rate. To avoid confusion, we stress that this work does not propose any direct medical treatment. arXiv:2003.13670v4 [cs.CY] 3 Apr 2020 Rather, it proposes a way to pool together information from the community in order to help (a) direct medical personnel in how to best allocate and use testing resources, and (b) direct individuals as to when to get tested and self-quarantine. -
Modern Standard Arabic ﺝ
International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture (Linqua- IJLLC) December 2014 edition Vol.1 No.3 /Ʒ/ AND /ʤ/ :ﺝ MODERN STANDARD ARABIC Hisham Monassar, PhD Assistant Professor of Arabic and Linguistics, Department of Arabic and Foreign Languages, Cameron University, Lawton, OK, USA Abstract This paper explores the phonemic inventory of Modern Standard ﺝ Arabic (MSA) with respect to the phoneme represented orthographically as in the Arabic alphabet. This phoneme has two realizations, i.e., variants, /ʤ/, /ӡ /. It seems that there is a regional variation across the Arabic-speaking peoples, a preference for either phoneme. It is observed that in Arabia /ʤ/ is dominant while in the Levant region /ӡ/ is. Each group has one variant to the exclusion of the other. However, there is an overlap regarding the two variants as far as the geographical distribution is concerned, i.e., there is no clear cut geographical or dialectal boundaries. The phone [ʤ] is an affricate, a combination of two phones: a left-face stop, [d], and a right-face fricative, [ӡ]. To produce this sound, the tip of the tongue starts at the alveolar ridge for the left-face stop [d] and retracts to the palate for the right-face fricative [ӡ]. The phone [ӡ] is a voiced palato- alveolar fricative sound produced in the palatal region bordering the alveolar ridge. This paper investigates the dichotomy, or variation, in light of the grammatical (morphological/phonological and syntactic) processes of MSA; phonologies of most Arabic dialects’ for the purpose of synchronic evidence; the history of the phoneme for diachronic evidence and internal sound change; as well as the possibility of external influence. -
For Young Scientists
THE BLAVATNIK AWARDS For Young Scientists N E R AT I O N O T G E F S C E X I E N N T E I F H I C T G I N I N N V O I V R A D T I O N 2021 The Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists honor exceptional young scientists and engineers by celebrating their extraordinary achievements, recognizing outstanding promise, and accelerating innovation through unrestricted funding. Table of Contents Key Features ..............................................................................................................................................4 Our History ................................................................................................................................................6 Blavatnik Regional Awards ...................................................................................................................8 Blavatnik National Awards .................................................................................................................10 Blavatnik Awards in the United Kingdom ......................................................................................12 Blavatnik Awards in Israel................................................................................................................... 14 Blavatnik Science Scholars ................................................................................................................. 16 In the News ............................................................................................................................................. 18