Open Door Policy World History Definition
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
America Becomes a World Power
World Class Education www.kean.edu 1 Topic 11 2 What is imperialism? The “New Imperialism” – Africa, Asia, Caribbean Causes of American overseas expansion - Imperialism The Spanish American War Emergence of America as a new World Power 3 John Hopson, Imperialism (1902) – domestic overproduction – domestic under-consumption - new markets – overseas investment Vladimir Lenin, “Imperialism the Highest Stage of Capitalism”(1916) – “exploitation of …small or weak nations by a handful of the richest or most powerful nations” – “intensification of antagonisms between imperialist nations” Niall Ferguson (Harvard University/ Oxford University) , “No organisation in history has done more to promote the free movement of goods, capital and labour than the British Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries. And no organisation has done more to impose Western norms of law, order and governance around the world.” 4 The Industrial Revolution The End of the American Continental Expansion The “New Imperialism” The Apostles of Empire “Non-colonial imperial expansion” 5 Alfred Thayer Mahan Albert J. Beveridge William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt 6 The Influence of Sea Power On History, 1660-1783 (1890) 7 “We will not abandon our opportunity in the Orient. We will not renounce our part in the mission of our race, trustee under God, of the civilization of the world. The Pacific is our ocean... Where shall we turn for consumers of our surplus? China is our natural customer... The Philippines give us a base at the door of all the East....” 8 McKinley on taking the Philippines “…that there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them….” 9 “The guns that thundered off Manila and Santiago left us echoes of glory, but they also left us a legacy of duty. -
Intro Cover Page
EXCERPTED FROM US Taiwan Strait Policy: The Origins of Strategic Ambiguity Dean P. Chen Copyright © 2012 ISBN: 978-1-935049-44-9 hc FIRSTFORUMPRESS A DIVISION OF LYNNE RIENNER PUBLISHERS, INC. 1800 30th Street, Ste. 314 Boulder, CO 80301 USA telephone 303.444.6684 fax 303.444.0824 This excerpt was downloaded from the FirstForumPress website www.firstforumpress.com Contents Preface ix 1 U.S. Interests in Taiwan 1 2 U.S.-China-Taiwan Relations from Nixon to Obama 35 3 Wilson’s Vision for an Open China 77 4 Freeing Taiwan from Communist Domination 141 5 The Inception of Strategic Ambiguity 185 6 The Future of U.S. Policy in the Taiwan Strait 243 Bibliography 265 Index 279 About the Book 298 vii 1 U.S. Interests in Taiwan The Taiwan Strait is probably one of the most dangerous flashpoints in world politics today because the Taiwan issue could realistically trigger an all-out war between two nuclear-armed great powers, the United States and People’s Republic of China (PRC).1 Since 1949, cross-strait tensions, rooted in the Chinese civil war between Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist Party (KMT) and Mao Zedong’s Communist Party (CCP), have been contentious and, at times, highly militarized. As will be discussed in Chapter 2, the Taiwan Strait crises in 1954, 1958, 1995-96, and 2003-06 brought the PRC, Taiwan, and the United States closely to the brink of war. In each of these episodes, however, rational restraint prevailed due to America’s superior power influence to prevent both sides from upsetting the tenuous cross-strait status quo. -
DAIHATSU YONEX JAPAN OPEN 2017 PART of the Metlife BWF WORLD SUPERSERIES
DAIHATSU YONEX JAPAN OPEN 2017 PART OF THE MetLife BWF WORLD SUPERSERIES Authoriser : BADMINTON WORLD FEDERATION (BWF) Organiser : NIPPON BADMINTON ASSOCIATION (NBA) 1-1-1 Jin'nan, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8050 Japan Tel: +81 3 3481 2382 Fax: +81 3 3481 2456 Email: [email protected] Website: http://dyjapanbadminton.com/2017/ Dates : 19th (Tue.) -24th (Sun.) September 2017 [19th (Tue.) September for Qualifying Round] Venue : Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium 1-17-1 Sendagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0051 Japan Referee : Mr. Carsten Koch (GER) ([email protected]) Deputy Ref. : Mr. Phillip Lee (SIN) ([email protected]) Sponsor : DAIHATSU YONEX Prize Money : US$325,000 US$ Winner Run-up Semi-finalists Quarter-finalists Last 16 MS 24,375 12,350 4,712.50 1,950 1,137.50 WS 24,375 12,350 4,712.50 1,950 1,137.50 MD(@pair) 25,675 12,350 4,550 2,356.25 1,218.75 WD(@pair) 25,675 12,350 4,550 2,356.25 1,218.75 XD(@pair) 25,675 12,350 4,550 2,356.25 1,218.75 Each of the payments is subject to Japanese withholding tax law. (20.42% tax on each prize money, except for players from JPN/KOR/USA earning totally below US$10,000 per person) The organizer is responsible for deducting amounts in accordance with the law before the payment. Scoring System : Rally Point 3 x 21 scoring system Shuttles : YONEX TOURNAMENT F-90 Nippon Badminton Association 1-1-1 Jin'nan, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8050 Japan Tel: +81 3 3481 2382 Fax: +81 3 3481 2456 Email: [email protected] DAIHATSU YONEX JAPAN OPEN 2017 PART OF THE MetLife BWF WORLD SUPERSERIES Events : Men's Singles 32 in main draw Women's Singles 32 in main draw Men's Doubles 32 in main draw Women's Doubles 32 in main draw Mixed Doubles 32 in main draw *Maximum numbers of Qualifying draws are 16 entries per event. -
History of Badminton
Facts and Records History of Badminton In 1873, the Duke of Beaufort held a lawn party at his country house in the village of Badminton, Gloucestershire. A game of Poona was played on that day and became popular among British society’s elite. The new party sport became known as “the Badminton game”. In 1877, the Bath Badminton Club was formed and developed the first official set of rules. The Badminton Association was formed at a meeting in Southsea on 13th September 1893. It was the first National Association in the world and framed the rules for the Association and for the game. The popularity of the sport increased rapidly with 300 clubs being introduced by the 1920’s. Rising to 9,000 shortly after World War Π. The International Badminton Federation (IBF) was formed in 1934 with nine founding members: England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Denmark, Holland, Canada, New Zealand and France and as a consequence the Badminton Association became the Badminton Association of England. From nine founding members, the IBF, now called the Badminton World Federation (BWF), has over 160 member countries. The future of Badminton looks bright. Badminton was officially granted Olympic status in the 1992 Barcelona Games. Indonesia was the dominant force in that first Olympic tournament, winning two golds, a silver and a bronze; the country’s first Olympic medals in its history. More than 1.1 billion people watched the 1992 Olympic Badminton competition on television. Eight years later, and more than a century after introducing Badminton to the world, Britain claimed their first medal in the Olympics when Simon Archer and Jo Goode achieved Mixed Doubles Bronze in Sydney. -
Oecd Development Centre
OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 147 (Formerly Technical Paper No. 147) CHINA’S UNFINISHED OPEN-ECONOMY REFORMS: LIBERALISATION OF SERVICES by Kiichiro Fukasaku, Yu Ma and Qiumei Yang Research programme on: Reform and Growth of Large Developing Countries March 1999 CD/DOC(99)4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................ 3 RÉSUMÉ .................................................................................................................. 4 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 4 PREFACE ................................................................................................................ 6 I. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................... 7 II. OPENING UP THE SERVICE MARKETS ........................................................ 11 III. POLITICAL ECONOMY OF LIBERALISATION OF SERVICES ....................... 17 IV. CONCLUDING REMARKS ............................................................................... 23 ANNEX: OPEN-ECONOMY REFORMS SINCE 1994 ............................................. 25 NOTES AND REFERENCES ................................................................................... 32 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................... 35 ANNEX TABLE 1. REGULATIONS ON THE OPENING-UP OF THE SERVICES SECTOR IN -
Imperialism in Asia: Or China and Japan Meet the West
Imperialism in Asia: or China and Japan meet the West China: ancient civilization: 3,500BC “Middle Kingdom” foreigners were “barbarians.” 1644 Ming dynasty replaced by Manchu or Ch’ing dynasty 17th century British East India Company desires trade with China 1800-1839 England then Portugal, France and other European powers import opium into China; by 1840 40,000 chests of opium imported 1839-1842 Opium War China vs. England etc. 1842 Treaty of Nanking- first of “unequal treaties” China forced to open 4 port to western trade Summary: China’s basic reaction to the West? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Japan: Transformation by Borrowing 1600-1868 Tokugawa Shogunate: feudal warrior society 1868 Meiji Restoration- of the Emperor –result of exposure of the West 1854 US Commodore Perry arrives in Japan Japan opts to copy the West: army, navy education system, industrialization Process of modernization controlled by the state By 1900 Japan is 5th largest industrial nation in the world West’s consistent attitude toward Japan: underestimate Japan “amazes” West 1. 1894 Sino (China) Japanese War Japan attacks China to get Korea 2. 1904-5 Russo-Japanese War: Japan launches surprise attack on Port Arthur President Theodore Roosevelt asked to mediate Russo-Japanese War Treaty of Portsmouth (NH) earns Roosevelt the Noble Peace Prize Roosevelt and the “Gentleman’s Agreement” with Japan US and Europe React to Modern Asian Realities China: Japan’s quick victory in 1894 Sino-Japanese war exposes China’s weakness European nations now carve out “spheres of influence” in China Sphere of Influence: an area in China in which a foreign nations claimed exclusive rights for trade and economic development 4 US Secretary of State John Hay Open Door Notes 1. -
China's Special Economic Zones And
China’s Special Economic Zones and Industrial Clusters: Success and Challenges Douglas Zhihua Zeng © 2012 Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Lincoln Institute of Land Policy Working Paper The findings and conclusions of this Working Paper reflect the views of the author(s) and have not been subject to a detailed review by the staff of the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy. Contact the Lincoln Institute with questions or requests for permission to reprint this paper. [email protected] Lincoln Institute Product Code: WP13DZ1 Abstract In the past 30 years, China has achieved phenomenal economic growth, an unprecedented development “miracle” in human history. How did China achieve this rapid growth? What have been its key drivers? And, most important, can China sustain the incredible success? While policy makers, business people, and scholars continue to debate these topics, one thing is clear: the numerous special economic zones and industrial clusters that emerged after the country’s reforms are without doubt two important engines of China’s remarkable development. The special economic zones and industrial clusters have made crucial contributions to China’s economic success. Foremost, the special economic zones (especially the first several) successfully tested the market economy and new institutions and became role models for the rest of the country to follow. Together with the numerous industrial clusters, the special economic zones have contributed significantly to gross domestic product, employment, exports, and attraction of foreign investment. The special economic zones have also played important roles in bringing new technologies to China and in adopting modern management practices. However, after 30 years’ development, they also face many significant challenges in moving forward. -
The Wilsonian Open Door and Truman's China-Taiwan Policy
Dean P. Chen American Association for Chinese Studies Annual Conference October 12-14, 2012 Origins of the Strategic Ambiguity Policy: The Wilsonian Open Door and Truman’s China-Taiwan Policy 1 The Problem of the Taiwan Strait Conflict The Taiwan Strait is probably one of the “most dangerous” flashpoints in world politics today because the Taiwan issue could realistically trigger an all-out war between two nuclear-armed great powers, the United States and People’s Republic of China (PRC). 2 Since 1949, cross-strait tensions, rooted in the Chinese civil war between Chiang Kai- shek’s Nationalist Party (KMT) and Mao Zedong’s Communist Party (CCP), have been contentious and, at times, highly militarized. As analyzed by many scholars, the Taiwan Strait crises in 1954, 1958, 1995-96, and 2003-06 brought the PRC, Taiwan, and the United States closely to the brink of war. 3 In each of these episodes, however, rational restraint prevailed due to America’s superior power influence to prevent both sides from upsetting the tenuous cross-strait status quo. Indeed, having an abiding interest in a peaceful resolution of the Taiwan Strait conflict, Washington has always assumed a pivotal role in deterring both Taipei and Beijing from aggressions and reckless behaviors. U.S. leaders seek to do this through the maintenance of a delicate balance: acknowledging the one-China principle, preserving the necessary ties to defend Taiwan’s freedom and security while insisting that all resolutions must be peaceful and consensual. 4 The Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, and Ronald Reagan administrations formalized these commitments in the three U.S.-China 1 This paper is an abridged and modified version of the author’s recent book: Dean P. -
Vietnam in APEC: Changes in Trade Patterns After the Open Door Policy
Chapter Ⅲ M. Fujita Chapter Ⅲ Vietnam in APEC: Changes in Trade Patterns after the Open Door Policy Mai Fujita APEC Study Center Institute of Developing Economies 1. Introduction At the APEC Kuala Lumpur Ministerial Meeting in November 1998, the following three countries were formally admitted as new members: Vietnam, Russia and Peru. For APEC, this implied further enhancement of its diversity, which had been regarded as one of its prominent features in comparison to other regional frameworks. First, APEC became more diverse in terms of the level of economic development of its members. Vietnam is classified as a “low income country”, with annual per capita GNP of 320 US dollars in 1997 (World Bank, 1998), while APEC also includes some of the richest countries in the world. Second, APEC now has two additional former Socialist countries as its members besides the People’s Republic of China, which implies diversity in terms of political and economic systems of its members. Third, APEC now extends over an extremely wide geographical region. It extends from the Pacific coast of South America to the eastern border of the Russian Federation. This study focuses on Vietnam as a new member of APEC. Since Vietnam started its ‘open door policy’ in the process of transition from central planning to a market economy in the late 1980s, it has made tremendous progress in integrating into the Asia Pacific region through expanded economic, commercial, and political relations. This meant a remarkable shift in terms of the country’s external economic relations, which had been characterized by strong and almost exclusive links with the members of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) prior to the reform period. -
Rahmenterminplanung BWF / DBV / Gruppe SO / BWBV Kalenderjahr 2021
Rahmenterminplanung BWF / DBV / Gruppe SO / BWBV Kalenderjahr 2021 Stand : 08.08.2021 WE Jan Feb Mär Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez 02./03. 06./07. 06./07. 03./04. 01./02. 05./06. 03./04. 07./08. 04./05. 02./03. 06./07. 04./05. A-RLT (11/13) Dutch Junior, DMM (BN-Beuel), DM U19, A-RLT (11/13) EM U17, Masters Finale U11 DM U13 (Beuel) A-RLT (11/13) GrSO-MM (BBV) A-RLT (11/13) DM Jun.(BN-Beuel) B-RLT (15/19/SO) BWBV-/C-RLT E/D Bez.-/D-RLT Reg.-/E-RLT Bez.-M. BWBV-M. SpT 01 DM (Bielefeld) Swiss Open, Malaysia Open EM Indonesia Masters Canada Open, Korea Open, Japan Open, Macau Open, WM Spanish Open, GrT GrSO DM Jun.(BN-Beuel) BL SpT E/E(E/E) SaarLorLux Open, BL SpT E/E(E/E), RL SpT E/E RL SpT 17/18 BWBV-M. AK Bez.-MM AK WT 3 BWBV-M. 09./10. 13./14. 13./14. 10./11. 08./09. 12./13. 10./11. 14./15. 11./12. 09./10. 13./14. 11./12. A-RLT (15 E/D) German Junior, A-RLT (15 E/D) A-RLT (11/13), German U17 Open EM U17, WM, GrSO-M. Jun., JtfO Berlin A-RLT (11/13) A-RLT (15 E/M) GrSO-MM (BWBV) Reg.-/E-RLT BWBV-/C-RLT E/M BWBV-/C-RLT E/D BWBV-/C-RLT D/M BWBV-/C-RLT D/M Reg.-/E-RLT Bez.-/D-RLT Reg.-/E-RLT 02 GrSO-M. -
Annual Report 2015 and Financial Statements
ANNUAL REPORT 2015 AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1 MISSION To promote and develop all levels of Badminton participation in the Oceania region. VISION Badminton is administered by capable Member Associations and regularly played in schools and communities in Oceania with a pathway for athletes and officials to excel at international events Oceania Badminton Confederation is the Regional Sports Organisation for badminton in the Oceania Region and is affiliated to the Badminton World Federation. CONTENTS President’s Report 6 Chief Operating Officer’s Report 8 Regional Development Manager’s Report 10 Events Committee Report 13 Technical Officials Committee Report 15 Women In Badminton Committee Report 17 Member Country Reports Australia 20 Cook Islands 23 Fiji 24 Guam 25 New Caledonia 26 Northern Marianas 28 New Zealand 30 Tahiti 32 Tonga 33 Tournament Results 36 Financial Statements 39 Audit Report 51 3 CONTACTS PRESIDENT: Geraldine Brown (Australia) DEPUTY PRESIDENT: Nigel Skelt (New Zealand) EXECUTIVE BOARD: Loke Poh Wong (Australia) Gail Eraio (Cook Islands) Michelle Hollands (New Zealand) Leo Cucuel (Tahiti) Leody Vainikolo (Tonga) LIFE MEMBERS: Heather Robson Robin Bryant BWF REPRESENTATIVES: Geraldine Brown VP Oceania and Chairwoman in Badminton Commission Nigel Skelt Council Member and Chair of Marketing Committee Peter Cocker Technical Officials Commission Loke Poh Wong BWF World Senior Championship Working Group STAFF: Julie Carrel Chief Operating Officer Nadia Bleaken Development Manager Lynne Nixey Administration Manager 4 MEMBERSHIP: -
An Open Door a Commodore and the US in Asia 59
An Open Door, a Commodore, and the U.S. in Asia US History Name: _________________ Reading: The following excerpt is from an interview with Walter LaFeber [a distinguished historian] about the U.S.A.’s Open Door Policy. Please read the excerpt and answer the questions that follow. “The United States doesn’t see itself in this way. Our position is – and it’s quite different than the other imperial powers’ position – the American position is that we do not want to colonize China. We do not want China carved up. We want to keep China whole. This is known traditionally in American history as the ‘Open Door policy’. We want China to remain whole to have its administrative integrity uncompromised, and we want to sell to all of China, not parts of it. The European powers, on the other hand, particularly the Russians, the Germans, and the Japanese want to carve up China. They want parts of China for themselves. A major reason for this is that the United States believes – I think it’s right – , that it can, in an open door situation, that it can compete with anybody, that we have the cheapest steel, the cheapest locomotives, the cheapest textiles, we can processed more cheaply than anyone. If we only have what the American Secretary of State, John Hay, calls a ‘fair field and no favor’ in 1900, then we can make a lot of money out of China. The other European powers and the Japanese realize this. So what they want to do is essentially colonize China, carve up parts of China, and keep the United States, as well as other powers, out.