Changes in Spinning Anatomy and Thread Stickiness Associated with the Origin of Orb-Weaving Spiders
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Climate Change and Invasibility of the Antarctic Benthos
ANRV328-ES38-06 ARI 24 September 2007 7:28 Climate Change and Invasibility of the Antarctic Benthos Richard B. Aronson,1 Sven Thatje,2 Andrew Clarke,3 Lloyd S. Peck,3 Daniel B. Blake,4 Cheryl D. Wilga,5 and Brad A. Seibel5 1Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528; email: [email protected] 2National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom; email: [email protected] 3British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge CB3 0ET, United Kingdom; email: [email protected], [email protected] 4Department of Geology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801; email: [email protected] 5Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881; email: [email protected], [email protected] Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2007. 38:129–54 Key Words The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and climate change, Decapoda, invasive species, physiology, polar, Systematics is online at http://ecolsys.annualreviews.org predation This article’s doi: Abstract 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.38.091206.095525 Benthic communities living in shallow-shelf habitats in Antarctica Copyright c 2007 by Annual Reviews. < All rights reserved ( 100-m depth) are archaic in structure and function compared to shallow-water communities elsewhere. Modern predators, includ- 1543-592X/07/1201-0129$20.00 ing fast-moving, durophagous (skeleton-crushing) bony fish, sharks, and crabs, are rare or absent; slow-moving invertebrates are gener- by University of Southampton Libraries on 12/05/07. For personal use only. ally the top predators; and epifaunal suspension feeders dominate many soft-substratum communities. -
North American Spiders of the Genera Cybaeus and Cybaeina
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The University of Utah: J. Willard Marriott Digital... BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Volume 23 December, 1932 No. 2 North American Spiders of the Genera Cybaeus and Cybaeina BY RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN and WILTON IVIE BIOLOGICAL SERIES, Vol. II, No. / - PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SALT LAKE CITY THE UNIVERSITY PRESS UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SALT LAKE CITY A Review of the North American Spider of the Genera Cybaeus and Cybaeina By R a l p h V. C h a m b e r l i n a n d W i l t o n I v i e The frequency with which members of the Agelenid genus Cybaeus appeared in collections made by the authors in the mountainous and timbered sections of the Pacific coast region and the representations therein of various apparently undescribed species led to the preparation of this review of the known North American forms. One species hereto fore placed in Cybaeus is made the type of a new genus Cybaeina. Most of our species occur in the western states; and it is probable that fur ther collecting in this region will bring to light a considerable number of additional forms. The drawings accompanying the paper were made from specimens direct excepting in a few cases where material was not available. In these cases the drawings were copied from the figures published by the authors of the species concerned, as indicated hereafter in each such case, but these drawings were somewhat revised to conform with the general scheme of the other figures in order to facilitate comparison. -
Burmese Amber Taxa
Burmese (Myanmar) amber taxa, on-line supplement v.2021.1 Andrew J. Ross 21/06/2021 Principal Curator of Palaeobiology Department of Natural Sciences National Museums Scotland Chambers St. Edinburgh EH1 1JF E-mail: [email protected] Dr Andrew Ross | National Museums Scotland (nms.ac.uk) This taxonomic list is a supplement to Ross (2021) and follows the same format. It includes taxa described or recorded from the beginning of January 2021 up to the end of May 2021, plus 3 species that were named in 2020 which were missed. Please note that only higher taxa that include new taxa or changed/corrected records are listed below. The list is until the end of May, however some papers published in June are listed in the ‘in press’ section at the end, but taxa from these are not yet included in the checklist. As per the previous on-line checklists, in the bibliography page numbers have been added (in blue) to those papers that were published on-line previously without page numbers. New additions or changes to the previously published list and supplements are marked in blue, corrections are marked in red. In Ross (2021) new species of spider from Wunderlich & Müller (2020) were listed as being authored by both authors because there was no indication next to the new name to indicate otherwise, however in the introduction it was indicated that the author of the new taxa was Wunderlich only. Where there have been subsequent taxonomic changes to any of these species the authorship has been corrected below. -
Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996
Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 49, 71 p. (1997) RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1996 Part 2: Notes1 This is the second of 2 parts to the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1996 and contains the notes on Hawaiian species of protists, fungi, plants, and animals includ- ing new state and island records, range extensions, and other information. Larger, more comprehensive treatments and papers describing new taxa are treated in the first part of this Records [Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 48]. Foraminifera of Hawaii: Literature Survey THOMAS A. BURCH & BEATRICE L. BURCH (Research Associates in Zoology, Hawaii Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, HI 96817, USA) The result of a compilation of a checklist of Foraminifera of the Hawaiian Islands is a list of 755 taxa reported in the literature below. The entire list is planned to be published as a Bishop Museum Technical Report. This list also includes other names that have been applied to Hawaiian foraminiferans. Loeblich & Tappan (1994) and Jones (1994) dis- agree about which names should be used; therefore, each is cross referenced to the other. Literature Cited Bagg, R.M., Jr. 1980. Foraminifera collected near the Hawaiian Islands by the Steamer Albatross in 1902. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 34(1603): 113–73. Barker, R.W. 1960. Taxonomic notes on the species figured by H. B. Brady in his report on the Foraminifera dredged by HMS Challenger during the years 1873–1876. Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral. Spec. Publ. 9, 239 p. Belford, D.J. -
A Protocol for Online Documentation of Spider Biodiversity Inventories Applied to a Mexican Tropical Wet Forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
Zootaxa 4722 (3): 241–269 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.3.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6AC6E70B-6E6A-4D46-9C8A-2260B929E471 A protocol for online documentation of spider biodiversity inventories applied to a Mexican tropical wet forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae) FERNANDO ÁLVAREZ-PADILLA1, 2, M. ANTONIO GALÁN-SÁNCHEZ1 & F. JAVIER SALGUEIRO- SEPÚLVEDA1 1Laboratorio de Aracnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Comparada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Colonia Copilco el Bajo. C. P. 04510. Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México. E-mail: [email protected] 2Corresponding author Abstract Spider community inventories have relatively well-established standardized collecting protocols. Such protocols set rules for the orderly acquisition of samples to estimate community parameters and to establish comparisons between areas. These methods have been tested worldwide, providing useful data for inventory planning and optimal sampling allocation efforts. The taxonomic counterpart of biodiversity inventories has received considerably less attention. Species lists and their relative abundances are the only link between the community parameters resulting from a biotic inventory and the biology of the species that live there. However, this connection is lost or speculative at best for species only partially identified (e. g., to genus but not to species). This link is particularly important for diverse tropical regions were many taxa are undescribed or little known such as spiders. One approach to this problem has been the development of biodiversity inventory websites that document the morphology of the species with digital images organized as standard views. -
A Summary List of Fossil Spiders
A summary list of fossil spiders compiled by Jason A. Dunlop (Berlin), David Penney (Manchester) & Denise Jekel (Berlin) Suggested citation: Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2010. A summary list of fossil spiders. In Platnick, N. I. (ed.) The world spider catalog, version 10.5. American Museum of Natural History, online at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html Last udated: 10.12.2009 INTRODUCTION Fossil spiders have not been fully cataloged since Bonnet’s Bibliographia Araneorum and are not included in the current Catalog. Since Bonnet’s time there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the spider fossil record and numerous new taxa have been described. As part of a larger project to catalog the diversity of fossil arachnids and their relatives, our aim here is to offer a summary list of the known fossil spiders in their current systematic position; as a first step towards the eventual goal of combining fossil and Recent data within a single arachnological resource. To integrate our data as smoothly as possible with standards used for living spiders, our list follows the names and sequence of families adopted in the Catalog. For this reason some of the family groupings proposed in Wunderlich’s (2004, 2008) monographs of amber and copal spiders are not reflected here, and we encourage the reader to consult these studies for details and alternative opinions. Extinct families have been inserted in the position which we hope best reflects their probable affinities. Genus and species names were compiled from established lists and cross-referenced against the primary literature. -
Nest Site Choice by the Intertidal Spider Desis Formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and Nest Utilisation by Its Hymenopteran Egg Parasitoid
This is a repository copy of Nest site choice by the intertidal spider Desis formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and nest utilisation by its hymenopteran egg parasitoid. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/139051/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Owen, CA, van Noort, S, Compton, SG orcid.org/0000-0002-1247-8058 et al. (1 more author) (2019) Nest site choice by the intertidal spider Desis formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and nest utilisation by its hymenopteran egg parasitoid. Ecological Entomology, 44 (1). pp. 62-70. ISSN 0307-6946 https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12675 (c) 2018, The Royal Entomological Society. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: 'Owen, CA, van Noort, S, Compton, SG, and Coetzee, JA (2018). Nest site choice by the intertidal spider Desis formidabilis (Araneae: Desidae) and nest utilisation by its hymenopteran egg parasitoid. Ecological Entomology,' which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12675]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. -
Tarantulas and Social Spiders
Tarantulas and Social Spiders: A Tale of Sex and Silk by Jonathan Bull BSc (Hons) MSc ICL Thesis Presented to the Institute of Biology of The University of Nottingham in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Nottingham May 2012 DEDICATION To my parents… …because they both said to dedicate it to the other… I dedicate it to both ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Dr Sara Goodacre for her guidance and support. I am also hugely endebted to Dr Keith Spriggs who became my mentor in the field of RNA and without whom my understanding of the field would have been but a fraction of what it is now. Particular thanks go to Professor John Brookfield, an expert in the field of biological statistics and data retrieval. Likewise with Dr Susan Liddell for her proteomics assistance, a truly remarkable individual on par with Professor Brookfield in being able to simplify even the most complex techniques and analyses. Finally, I would really like to thank Janet Beccaloni for her time and resources at the Natural History Museum, London, permitting me access to the collections therein; ten years on and still a delight. Finally, amongst the greats, Alexander ‘Sasha’ Kondrashov… a true inspiration. I would also like to express my gratitude to those who, although may not have directly contributed, should not be forgotten due to their continued assistance and considerate nature: Dr Chris Wade (five straight hours of help was not uncommon!), Sue Buxton (direct to my bench creepy crawlies), Sheila Keeble (ventures and cleans where others dare not), Alice Young (read/checked my thesis and overcame her arachnophobia!) and all those in the Centre for Biomolecular Sciences. -
Cribellum and Calamistrum Ontogeny in the Spider Family Uloboridae: Linking Functionally Related but Sbparate Silk Spinning Features
2OOl. The Journal of Arachnology 29:22O-226 CRIBELLUM AND CALAMISTRUM ONTOGENY IN THE SPIDER FAMILY ULOBORIDAE: LINKING FUNCTIONALLY RELATED BUT SBPARATE SILK SPINNING FEATURES Brent D. Opelt: Department of BioLogy, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061 USA ABSTRACT. The fourth metatarsusof cribellatespiders bears a setal comb, the calamistrum,that sweeps over the cribellum, drawing fibrils from its spigots and helping to combine these with the capture thread's supporting fibers. In four uloborid species (Hyptiotes cavatus, Miagrammopes animotus, Octonoba sinensis, Uloborus glomosus), calamistrum length and cribellum width have similar developmental trajec- tories, despite being borne on different regions of the body. In contrast, developmental rates of metatarsus IV and its calamistrum differ within species and vary independently among species. Thus, the growth rates of metatarsus IV and the calamistrum are not coupled, freeing calamistrum length to track cribellum width and metatarsus IV length to respond to changes in such features as combing behavior and abdomen dimensions. Keywords: Cribellar thread, Hyptiotes cavatus, Miagrammopes animotus, Octonoba sinensis, Ulobortts glomosus Members of the family Uloboridae produce ond instars (Opell 1979). However, their cri- cribellar prey capture threads formed of a bella and calamistra are not functional until sheath of fine, looped fibrils that surround par- they molt again to become third instars. Sec- acribellar and axial supporting fibers (Eber- ond instar orb-weaving uloborid species pro- hard & Pereira 1993: Opell 1990, 1994, 1995, duce a juvenile web that lacks a sticky spiral 1996, 1999: Peters 1983, 1984, 1986). Cri- and has many closely spaced radii (Lubin bellar fibrils come from the spigots of an oval 1986). -
The Taxonomy and Distribution of the Spider Genus Phryganoporus Simon (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Desidae)
© Copyright Australian Museum, 2002 Records of the Australian Museum (2002) Vol. 54: 275–292. ISSN 0067-1975 The Taxonomy and Distribution of the Spider Genus Phryganoporus Simon (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Desidae) MICHAEL R. GRAY Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia [email protected] ABSTRACT. The widely distributed Australian desid spider genus, Phryganoporus Simon, is taxonomically reviewed and validated. Phryganoporus nigrinus is removed from synonymy with P. candidus, while Amaurobius gausapatus, P. g. occidentalis and P. tubicola are synonyms of P. candidus. The species recognised here belong to two clades, [P. candidus (L. Koch), Phryganoporus vandiemeni (Gray) n.comb.] and [P. nigrinus Simon, P. davidleei n.sp., P. melanopygus n.sp.]. These clades are distinguished by the possession of a divided or entire cribellum and genitalic characters. Distribution maps and notes on relationships are given. GRAY, MICHAEL R., 2002. The taxonomy and distribution of the spider genus Phryganoporus Simon (Araneae: Amaurobioidea: Desidae). Records of the Australian Museum 54(3): 275–292. Spiders of the genus Phryganoporus are cribellate web opportunist scavengers and predators. Most non-territorial, builders that are distributed throughout Australia. They build communal interaction (collective nest construction and webs on low vegetation and their abundant white hair cover cleaning, prey capture and feeding) took place between probably helps reduce body heating, particularly for spiders individuals below the subadult stage. Such communal occupying exposed webs in semi-arid to arid regions. interaction is probably a consequence of pheromone While the species described here are typically solitary, mediated sibling tolerance and is not regarded as true one species, P. -
Research Article
z Available online at http://www.journalcra.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH International Journal of Current Research Vol. 11, Issue, 06, pp.4750-4756, June, 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24941/ijcr.35599.06.2019 ISSN: 0975-833X RESEARCH ARTICLE COURTSHIP AND REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION IN TWO CLOSELY RELATED DESID SPIDERS, BADUMNA LONGINQUA AND BADUMNA INSIGNIS (ARANEIDAE: DESIDAE) *1Marianne W. Robertson and 2Dr. Peter H. Adler 1Department of Biology, Millikin University, Decatur, IL 62522 2Department of Entomology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: We studied the development and reproductive behavior of two sympatric New Zealand spiders, Received 18th March, 2019 Badumna longinqua and Badumna insignis (Araneae: Desidae), in the laboratory. Both species have Received in revised form intersexual size dimorphism and, within each species, males vary up to 35-fold in size. Females of B. 24th April, 2019 longinqua produce up to 12 egg sacs, and those of B. insignis produce up to 18 sacs. Clutch size and Accepted 23rd May, 2019 number of egg sacs is positively correlated with adult female longevity, but not female weight, in both Published online 30th June, 2019 species. Courtship in B. longinqua is longer and entails more acts than in B. insignis. Both species exhibit prolonged copulation. The number of palpal insertions during copulation is not correlated with Key Words: clutch size, length of sperm storage, female longevity, male weight, or female weight in either Development, Courtship, species, but number of insertions is positively correlated with relative male weight in B. longinqua Copulation, Reproductive Isolation, and time until first oviposition in B. -
Inter Subfamily Comparison of Gut Microbial Diversity in Twelve Wild
Inter subfamily comparison of gut microbial diversity in twelve wild spider species of family Araneidae Kaomud Tyagi1, Inderjeet Tyagi1, Priya Prasad2, Kailash Chandra1, and Vikas Kumar1 1Zoological Survey of India 2Affiliation not available August 12, 2020 Abstract Spiders are among the most diverse groups of arthropods remarkably known for extra oral digestion. The largest effort based on targeted 16S amplicon next generation sequencing was carried out to decipher the inter subfamily comparison of gut bacterial diversity in spiders and their functional relationship. Twelve spider species belonging to three subfamilies, Araneinae (8), Argiopinae (2) and Gasteracanthinae (2) of family Araneidae have been studied. Analysis revealed the presence of 22 phyla, 145 families, and 364 genera of microbes in the gut microbiome, with Proteobacteria as the highest abundant Phylum. Moreover, the phyla Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Deinococcus Thermus were also detected. The bacterial phyla Bacteriodetes and Chlamydiae dominated in Cyclosa mulmeinensis and Neoscona bengalensis respectively. At genera level, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, and Bacillus were the most dominant genera in their gut. In addition to this, the genus Prevotella was observed only in one species, Cyclosa mulmeinensis, and endosymbiont genus Wolbachia generally responsible for reproductive alterations was observed in one spider species Eriovixia laglaizei. Our study revealed that the gut bacterial diversity of the spiders collected from wild are quite different from the diet driven spider gut bacterial diversity as published earlier. A functional analysis revealed the involvement of gut microbiota in carbohydrate, lipid, amino acids, fatty acids and energy metabolism. Introduction Spiders (order Araneae) are arthropods that usually act as natural predators on insect pests in agricultural ecosystem (Michalko et al., 2018; Yang et al., 2017) bio-control agent for various diseases (Ndava et al., 2018), and indicator species for environment monitoring (Ossamy et al, 2016).