Apicomplexa and Histone Variants: What's New?
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An Intestinal Gregarine of Nothria Conchylega (Polychaeta, Onuphidae)
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 104 (2010) 172–179 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Invertebrate Pathology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jip Description of Trichotokara nothriae n. gen. et sp. (Apicomplexa, Lecudinidae) – An intestinal gregarine of Nothria conchylega (Polychaeta, Onuphidae) Sonja Rueckert *, Brian S. Leander Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Program in Integrated Microbial Biodiversity, Departments of Botany and Zoology, University of British Columbia, #3529 – 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4 article info abstract Article history: The trophozoites of a novel gregarine apicomplexan, Trichotokara nothriae n. gen. et sp., were isolated and Received 12 November 2009 characterized from the intestines of the onuphid tubeworm Nothria conchylega (Polychaeta), collected at Accepted 11 March 2010 20 m depth from the North-eastern Pacific Coast. The trophozoites were 50–155 lm long with a mid-cell Available online 23 March 2010 indentation that formed two prominent bulges (anterior bulge, 14–48 lm wide; posterior bulge, 15– 55 lm wide). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that approximately 400 densely packed, Keywords: longitudinal epicytic folds (5 folds/lm) inscribe the surface of the trophozoites, and a prominently elon- Alveolata gated mucron (14–60 lm long and 6–12 lm wide) was covered with hair-like projections (mean length, Apicomplexa 1.97 m; mean width, 0.2 m at the base). Although a septum occurred at the junction between the cell Lecudinidae l l Lecudina proper and the mucron in most trophozoites, light microscopy (LM) demonstrated that the cell proper Parasite extended into the core of the mucron as a thin prolongation. -
Feline Immune Response to Infection with Cytauxzoon Felis and The
FELINE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INFECTION WITH CYTAUXZOON FELIS AND THE ROLE OF CD18 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CYTAUXZOONOSIS by KARELMA FRONTERA-ACEVEDO (Under the Direction of Kaori Sakamoto) ABSTRACT Cytauxzoonosis is a highly fatal, hemoprotozoal disease of cats in the Mid-Western, Mid- Atlantic, and Southeastern United States, caused by Cytauxzoon felis. Although the causative agent has been recognized since 1976, no study has profiled the immune response of infected cats, there is no definitive cure, and C. felis has not been successfully maintained in cell cultures in vitro, thwarting research efforts. One of the main histopathologic characteristics of this disease is the presence of giant, infected, intravascular macrophages, many of which are adhered to the vascular endothelium. The main goals of this project are: 1) to characterize the feline immune response to C. felis; 2) to develop a cell culture system in order to study C. felis in vitro; and 3) to determine whether CD18 plays a role in the pathogenesis of cytauxzoonosis. INDEX WORDS: Cat, Cytauxzoon felis, pathogenesis, protozoal disease, veterinary pathology FELINE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO INFECTION WITH CYTAUXZOON FELIS AND THE ROLE OF CD18 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CYTAUXZOONOSIS by KARELMA FRONTERA-ACEVEDO BS, University of Florida, 2004 DVM, Louisiana State University, 2008 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ATHENS, GEORGIA 2013 © 2013 Karelma Frontera-Acevedo All -
Highly Rearranged Mitochondrial Genome in Nycteria Parasites (Haemosporidia) from Bats
Highly rearranged mitochondrial genome in Nycteria parasites (Haemosporidia) from bats Gregory Karadjiana,1,2, Alexandre Hassaninb,1, Benjamin Saintpierrec, Guy-Crispin Gembu Tungalunad, Frederic Arieye, Francisco J. Ayalaf,3, Irene Landaua, and Linda Duvala,3 aUnité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (UMR 7245), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, CP52, 75005 Paris, France; bInstitut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205), Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CP51, 75005 Paris, France; cUnité de Génétique et Génomique des Insectes Vecteurs (CNRS URA3012), Département de Parasites et Insectes Vecteurs, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; dFaculté des Sciences, Université de Kisangani, BP 2012 Kisangani, Democratic Republic of Congo; eLaboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire Comparative des Apicomplexes, Faculté de Médicine, Université Paris Descartes, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Cochin Institute, 75014 Paris, France; and fDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 Contributed by Francisco J. Ayala, July 6, 2016 (sent for review March 18, 2016; reviewed by Sargis Aghayan and Georges Snounou) Haemosporidia parasites have mostly and abundantly been de- and this lack of knowledge limits the understanding of the scribed using mitochondrial genes, and in particular cytochrome evolutionary history of Haemosporidia, in particular their b (cytb). Failure to amplify the mitochondrial cytb gene of Nycteria basal diversification. parasites isolated from Nycteridae bats has been recently reported. Nycteria parasites have been primarily described, based on Bats are hosts to a diverse and profuse array of Haemosporidia traditional taxonomy, in African insectivorous bats of two fami- parasites that remain largely unstudied. -
Troccap-Feline-Endo-Guidelines
Disclaimer The guidelines presented in this booklet were independently developed by members of the Tropical Council for Companion Animal Parasites Ltd. These best-practice guidelines are based on evidence-based, peer reviewed, published scientific literature. The authors of these guidelines have made considerable efforts to ensure the information upon which they are based is accurate and up-to-date. Individual circumstances must be taken into account where appropriate when following the recommendations in these guidelines. Sponsors The Tropical Council for Companion Animal Parasites Ltd. wish to acknowledge the kind donations of our sponsors for facilitating the publication of these freely available guidelines. Contents General considerations and recommendations .......................................................... 1 Diagnosis ................................................................................................................ 1 Treatment ............................................................................................................... 1 Prevention and control ............................................................................................ 1 Public health considerations ................................................................................... 2 Gastrointestinal Parasites .......................................................................................... 3 Ascarids (Toxocara spp., Toxascaris leonina) ........................................................ 3 Hookworms (Ancylostoma -
Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Biological Sciences Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 9-26-2018 Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes Christopher E. Lane Et Al Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/bio_facpubs Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology ISSN 1066-5234 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes Sina M. Adla,* , David Bassb,c , Christopher E. Laned, Julius Lukese,f , Conrad L. Schochg, Alexey Smirnovh, Sabine Agathai, Cedric Berneyj , Matthew W. Brownk,l, Fabien Burkim,PacoCardenas n , Ivan Cepi cka o, Lyudmila Chistyakovap, Javier del Campoq, Micah Dunthornr,s , Bente Edvardsent , Yana Eglitu, Laure Guillouv, Vladimır Hamplw, Aaron A. Heissx, Mona Hoppenrathy, Timothy Y. Jamesz, Anna Karn- kowskaaa, Sergey Karpovh,ab, Eunsoo Kimx, Martin Koliskoe, Alexander Kudryavtsevh,ab, Daniel J.G. Lahrac, Enrique Laraad,ae , Line Le Gallaf , Denis H. Lynnag,ah , David G. Mannai,aj, Ramon Massanaq, Edward A.D. Mitchellad,ak , Christine Morrowal, Jong Soo Parkam , Jan W. Pawlowskian, Martha J. Powellao, Daniel J. Richterap, Sonja Rueckertaq, Lora Shadwickar, Satoshi Shimanoas, Frederick W. Spiegelar, Guifre Torruellaat , Noha Youssefau, Vasily Zlatogurskyh,av & Qianqian Zhangaw a Department of Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5A8, SK, Canada b Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom -
Iipcr Assay List 2020.Xlsx
GeneReach Biotechnology Corp. Human Aquaculture Companion animal Livestock Diseases Emerging Human Shrimp Fish Canine Feline Equine Bovine Poultry Swine Ruminant Diseases Diseases AHPND/EMS Aeromonas Anaplasma Bartonella Anaplasma Bovine Actinobacillus Bluetongue Bacillus ALV-J C. difficile Plasmid salmonicida platys henselae phagocytophilum Leukemia Virus Pleuropneumonia Virus anthracis PL3 AHPND/EMS Carp Edema Bordetella Bovine Papular Avian Influenza Africa Swine Fever Bacillus Babesia gibsoni EAV Brucella abortus Chagas Disease Toxin 1 Virus (CEV) bronchiseptica Stomatitis Virus H9 Virus anthracis pXO1 Candidatus Baculovirus Flavobacterium Bordetella Bovine Avian Brachyspira Brucella Bacillus Chikungunya Mycoplasma EHV-1 penaei psychrophilum bronchiseptica Tuberculosis metapneumovirus hyodysenteriae melitensis anthracis pXO2 virus haemominutum Candidatus Avian Reovirus IRIDO- Canine Adeno Brucella Chlamydia CMNV Mycoplasma EHV-3 Brucella abortus (Asia & America Chlamydia psittaci Brucella spp. Megalocytivirus Virus 2 abortus psittaci turicensis regions only) Crimean-Congo Crimean–Congo IRIDO- Chlamydophila Chicken infectious Brucella EHP Canine Babesia EHV-4 Brucella spp. CSFV Hemorrhagic hemorrhagic Ranaviruses felis anemia virus melitensis Fever fever Canine Influenza Duck Virus IHHNV ISAV Cytauxzoon felis EIAV BVDV-1 FMDV FMDV Brucella spp. Dengue Virus Virus Enteritis Virus Fowl adenovirus Infectious Canine Filariasis (Brugia IMNV KHV D. immitis Influenza H3N8 BVDV-2 (Pan Adv, type 4, JEV Bovine Chagas disease Leishmaniasis spp.) -
Emerging Human Babesiosis with “Ground Zero” in North America
microorganisms Review Emerging Human Babesiosis with “Ground Zero” in North America Yi Yang 1, Jevan Christie 2, Liza Köster 3 , Aifang Du 1,* and Chaoqun Yao 4,* 1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; [email protected] 2 The Animal Hospital, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; [email protected] 3 Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, 2407 River Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; [email protected] 4 Department of Biomedical Sciences and One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 00334, Saint Kitts and Nevis * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.D.); [email protected] (C.Y.) Abstract: The first case of human babesiosis was reported in the literature in 1957. The clinical disease has sporadically occurred as rare case reports in North America and Europe in the subsequent decades. Since the new millennium, especially in the last decade, many more cases have apparently appeared not only in these regions but also in Asia, South America, and Africa. More than 20,000 cases of human babesiosis have been reported in North America alone. In several cross-sectional surveys, exposure to Babesia spp. has been demonstrated within urban and rural human populations with clinical babesiosis reported in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans. This review serves to highlight the widespread distribution of these tick-borne pathogens in humans, their tick vectors in readily accessible environments such as parks and recreational areas, and their Citation: Yang, Y.; Christie, J.; Köster, phylogenetic relationships. -
Addendum A: Antiparasitic Drugs Used for Animals
Addendum A: Antiparasitic Drugs Used for Animals Each product can only be used according to dosages and descriptions given on the leaflet within each package. Table A.1 Selection of drugs against protozoan diseases of dogs and cats (these compounds are not approved in all countries but are often available by import) Dosage (mg/kg Parasites Active compound body weight) Application Isospora species Toltrazuril D: 10.00 1Â per day for 4–5 d; p.o. Toxoplasma gondii Clindamycin D: 12.5 Every 12 h for 2–4 (acute infection) C: 12.5–25 weeks; o. Every 12 h for 2–4 weeks; o. Neospora Clindamycin D: 12.5 2Â per d for 4–8 sp. (systemic + Sulfadiazine/ weeks; o. infection) Trimethoprim Giardia species Fenbendazol D/C: 50.0 1Â per day for 3–5 days; o. Babesia species Imidocarb D: 3–6 Possibly repeat after 12–24 h; s.c. Leishmania species Allopurinol D: 20.0 1Â per day for months up to years; o. Hepatozoon species Imidocarb (I) D: 5.0 (I) + 5.0 (I) 2Â in intervals of + Doxycycline (D) (D) 2 weeks; s.c. plus (D) 2Â per day on 7 days; o. C cat, D dog, d day, kg kilogram, mg milligram, o. orally, s.c. subcutaneously Table A.2 Selection of drugs against nematodes of dogs and cats (unfortunately not effective against a broad spectrum of parasites) Active compounds Trade names Dosage (mg/kg body weight) Application ® Fenbendazole Panacur D: 50.0 for 3 d o. C: 50.0 for 3 d Flubendazole Flubenol® D: 22.0 for 3 d o. -
Lecture Exam #1 (100 Points Total) Multiple Choice (2 Points Each) (Each Question Has One Correct Answer)
VMP 930 Fall 2019 Name: ________KEY__________ VMP 930 ‐‐ Lecture Exam #1 (100 points total) Multiple Choice (2 points each) (Each question has one correct answer) 1. Which protozoa has an Obligate Indirect Life Cycle where canids are definitive hosts that become infected after ingesting aborted cattle fetuses? A. Cystoisospora felis B. Toxoplasma gondii C. Sarcocystis cruzi D. Neospora caninum E. Sarcocystis neurona 2. Which flagellate can form cysts? A. Trypanosoma cruzi B. Leishmania infantum C. Giardia sp. D. Tritrichomonas blagburni E. Toxoplasma gondii 3. A 4‐year‐old mixed breed dog recently moved to the US from Mexico and presents to your clinical with lymphadenopathy and fever, suggestive of an infection. A thoracic radiograph revealed an enlarged heart. You suspect a chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Which is the best diagnostic test to confirm your suspicion? A. PCR test from a blood sample B. IFA serology test to detect antibodies C. Xenodiagnosis D. Cardiac biopsy with histology E. Lymph node aspirate smear and microscopic examination 4. A new pig farmer is worried about a recent outbreak of scours in his 12‐day old piglets. At that age you know that piglet scours can be cause be bacteria or coccidia. After performing a fecal exam, you confidently diagnose Cystoisospora suis. What oocyst morphological features did you see to make that diagnosis? A. The oocyst had 2 sporocysts and no polar cap B. The oocyst had 4 sporocysts and a polar cap C. The oocyst had 4 sporocysts and no polar cap D. The oocyst was very tiny and contained 4 sporozoites E. -
Genomes Abstract
NLM Citation: Harb OS, Boehme U, Crouch K, et al. Genomes. In: Walochnik J, Duchêne M, editors. Molecular Parasitology: Protozoan Parasites and their Molecules [Select Chapters]. Cham (CH): Springer; 2016 Oct. Bookshelf URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/ Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Genomes Omar S. Harb, 1 Ulrike Boehme,2 Kathryn Crouch,3 Olukemi O. Ifeonu,4 David S. Roos,1 Joana C Silva,4 Fatima Silva-Franco,5 Staffan Svärd,6 Kyle Tretina,4 and Gareth Weedall7 Abstract In the last decade, the rise of affordable high-throughput sequencing technologies has led to rapid advances across the biological sciences. At the time of writing, annotated reference genomes are available within most clades of eukaryotic pathogens, and including un-annotated sequences over 550 genomes are available in total. This has greatly facilitated studies in many areas of parasitology. In addition, the volume of functional genomics data, including analysis of differential transcription and DNA-protein interactions, has increased exponentially. With this unprecedented increase in publicly available data, tools to search and compare datasets are also becoming ever more important. A number of database resources are available, and access to these has become fundamental for a majority of research groups. This chapter discusses the current state of genomics research for Author Affiliations: 1 Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia USA Email: [email protected] Tel: +1 215-746-7019. 2 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA Email: [email protected]. 3 Wellcome Trust Centre for Molecular Parasitology, B6-28 SGDB, 120 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA Email: [email protected] Tel: +44 141 330 3746. -
Cytauxzoon Felis Infections Are Present in Bobcats (Lynx Rufus) in a Region Where Cytauxzoonosis Is Not Recognized in Domestic Cats Adam J
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Veterinary Parasitology 153 (2008) 126–130 www.elsevier.com/locate/vetpar Cytauxzoon felis infections are present in bobcats (Lynx rufus) in a region where cytauxzoonosis is not recognized in domestic cats Adam J. Birkenheuer a,*, Henry S. Marr a, Camille Warren a, Anne E. Acton a, Eric M. Mucker b, Jan G. Humphreys c, Melissa D. Tucker a a Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 4700 Hillsborough Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States b United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, United States c Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 325 Weyandt Hall, Department of Biology, Indiana, PA 15705, United States Received 3 August 2007; received in revised form 10 January 2008; accepted 11 January 2008 Abstract This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Cytauxzoon felis (C. felis) infections in bobcats (Lynx rufus) from a region where C. felis is recognized in domestic cats, North Carolina (NC), and a region where C. felis is not recognized in domestic cats, Pennsylvania (PA). Samples from NC (n = 32) were obtained post-mortem via cardiac puncture from legally trapped bobcats. Samples from PA (n = 70) were collected post-mortem onto Nobuto blood collecting strips by the PA Game Commission. Each sample was tested using a C. felis specific PCR assay as well as a PCR assay targeting host DNA to rule out the presence of PCR inhibitors. Three samples were excluded due to the presence of PCR inhibitors. Thirty-three percent (10/30) of the samples from NC and 7% (5/69) of the samples from PA tested positive for the presence of C. -
Nephromyces, a Beneficial Apicomplexan Symbiont in Marine
Nephromyces, a beneficial apicomplexan symbiont in marine animals Mary Beth Saffoa,b,1, Adam M. McCoya,2, Christopher Riekenb, and Claudio H. Slamovitsc aDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138-2902; bMarine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1015; and cCanadian Institute for Advanced Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 1X5 Edited* by Sharon R. Long, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved August 3, 2010 (received for review February 23, 2010) With malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), Toxoplasma, and many associations can also sometimes be locally high in particular host other species of medical and veterinary importance its iconic repre- populations or environmental conditions, overall prevalence of a sentatives, the protistan phylum Apicomplexa has long been de- parasite within a given host species nevertheless varies over space fined as a group composed entirely of parasites and pathogens. and time. We present here a report of a beneficial apicomplexan: the mutual- Mirroring the consistent infection of adult molgulids with Neph- istic marine endosymbiont Nephromyces. For more than a century, romyces, the obligately symbiotic Nephromyces has itself been found the peculiar structural and developmental features of Nephromy- only in molgulids, with all but a few stages of its morphologically ces, and its unusual habitat, have thwarted characterization of the eclectic life history (Fig. 1) limited to the renal sac lumen (6, 11). The phylogenetic affinities of this eukaryotic microbe. Using short-sub- apparently universal, mutually exclusive association of these two unit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences as key evidence, with clades in nature thus suggests that the biology and evolutionary his- sequence identity confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization tories of Nephromyces and molgulid tunicates are closely, and (FISH), we show that Nephromyces, originally classified as a chytrid mutualistically, intertwined.