Practical Black Vine Weevil Management
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
From South Africa
First report of the isolation of entomopathogenic AUTHORS: nematode Steinernema australe (Rhabditida: Tiisetso E. Lephoto1 Vincent M. Gray1 Steinernematidae) from South Africa AFFILIATION: 1 Department of Microbiology and A survey was conducted in Walkerville, south of Johannesburg (Gauteng, South Africa) between 2012 Biotechnology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and 2016 to ascertain the diversity of entomopathogenic nematodes in the area. Entomopathogenic South Africa nematodes are soil-dwelling microscopic worms with the ability to infect and kill insects, and thus serve as eco-friendly control agents for problem insects in agriculture. Steinernematids were recovered in 1 out CORRESPONDENCE TO: Tiisetso Lephoto of 80 soil samples from uncultivated grassland; soil was characterised as loamy. The entomopathogenic nematodes were identified using molecular and morphological techniques. The isolate was identified as EMAIL: Steinernema australe. This report is the first of Steinernema australe in South Africa. S. australe was first [email protected] isolated worldwide from a soil sample obtained from the beach on Isla Magdalena – an island in the Pacific DATES: Ocean, 2 km from mainland Chile. Received: 31 Jan. 2019 Revised: 21 May 2019 Significance: Accepted: 26 Aug. 2019 • Entomopathogenic nematodes are only parasitic to insects and are therefore important in agriculture Published: 27 Nov. 2019 as they can serve as eco-friendly biopesticides to control problem insects without effects on the environment, humans and other animals, unlike chemical pesticides. HOW TO CITE: Lephoto TE, Gray VM. First report of the isolation of entomopathogenic Introduction nematode Steinernema australe (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Entomopathogenic nematodes are one of the most studied microscopic species of nematodes because of their from South Africa. -
Root Weevils Ryan Davis Arthropod Diagnostician
Published by Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Laboratory ENT-193-18 May 2018 Root Weevils Ryan Davis Arthropod Diagnostician Quick Facts • Root weevils are a group of small, black-to-brown weevils that commonly damage ornamental and small fruit plants in Utah. • Adult root weevil damage is characterized by marginal leaf notching and occasional feeding on buds and young shoots. • Larval root weevil damage occurs below ground; damage to roots can lead to canopy decline or plant death. • Root weevils are occasional nuisance pests in homes and structures mid-summer through fall. • Manage root weevil larvae by applying a systemic insecticide to the soil around host plants April through September. • Adults feeding on the above-ground portion of plants can be targeted with pyrethroid pesticides Black vine weevil adult (Kent Loeffler, Cornell University, Bugwood.org) starting in late June or early July. IDENTIFICATION INTRODUCTION Root weevils are small beetles ranging in length from about 1/4 to 1/3 inch depending on The black vine weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus), species. Coloration is variable, but the commonly lilac root weevil (O. meridionalis) strawberry weevil encountered species in Utah are black with gold (O. ovatus) and rough strawberry root weevil (O. flecks (black vine weevil) or solid brown to black, rugosostriatus) are a complex of non-native, snout- shiny or matte. As a member of the weevil family nosed beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) that (Curculionidae), these pests have a snout, but it cause damage to ornamentals and small fruit crops is shortened and rectangular compared to other in Utah. Root weevils are occasional nuisance pests weevils that have long, skinny mouthparts. -
Root Weevils Fact Sheet No
Root Weevils Fact Sheet No. 5.551 Insect Series|Home and Garden by W.S. Cranshaw* None of the root weevils can fly and A root weevil is a type of “snout beetle” they are night active, hiding during the Quick Facts that develops on the roots of various plants. day around the base of host plants, usually Adult stages produce more conspicuous under a bit of cover. About an hour after • Root weevils can be common plant damage, cutting angular notches along sunset they become active and crawl onto insects that develop on roots the edge of leaves when they feed at night. the plants to feed on leaves, producing their of many garden plants. Adult root weevils also may attract attention characteristic angular notches. If disturbed, • Adult root weevils chew when they wander into buildings, acting as a root weevils will readily drop from plants and distinctive notches along the temporary “nuisance invader”. play dead. The most common root weevils found Adults typically live for at least a couple edges of leaves at night. in Colorado are strawberry root weevil of months, and some may be present into • Some kinds of root weevils (Otiorhynchus ovatus), rough strawberry autumn. Most eggs are laid in late spring and often wander into homes but root weevil (O. rugostriatus), black vine early summer with females squeezing eggs cause no injury indoors. weevil (O. sulcatus) and lilac root weevil into soil cracks. A few days after they are (O. meridionalis). Dyslobus decoratus is laid, eggs hatch and the larvae move to the • Insecticides applied on the established in some areas and chews leaves roots where they feed. -
On the Establishment of the Cribrate Weevil, Otiorhynchus Cribricollis Gyllenhal, in Hawaii ( Coleoptera: Curculionidae )X
Vol. XVIII, No. 1, August, 1962 189 On the Establishment of the Cribrate Weevil, Otiorhynchus cribricollis Gyllenhal, in Hawaii ( Coleoptera: Curculionidae )x Elwood C. Zimmerman HUNTER HOUSE, MACDOWELL ROAD PETERBOROUGH, NEW HAMPSHIRE {Submitted for publication December, 1961) A weevil new to the Hawaiian fauna has been discovered on the island of Hawaii, and I have identified the specimen submitted to me for examination as the widespread pest known as the cribrate weevil. Otiorhynchus2 cribricollis Gyllenhal (Figure 1). Otiorhynchus cribricollis Gyllenhal, in Schoenherr, 1834, Genera et Species Curculionidum 2(l):582. Brachyrhinus cribricollis (Gyllenhal), of authors. See C. Lona, 1936, Coleopterorum Catalogus 148:165-166, for synonymy, bibliography, and notes. Fig. 1. Otiorhynchus cribricollis Gyllenhal, length 9.5 mm. (HSPA Photo.) 1 Prepared during the tenure of National Science Foundation Grant G-18933, "Pacific Island Weevil Studies." 2 I prefer to use the original spelling Otiorhynchus instead of Otiorrhynchus as amended by Gemminger and Harold, 1871. 190 Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society One adult was collected in association with larvae which were feeding in roots of "gobo" (Arctium lappa or great burdock) at Onodera Farm, near Kamuela, Hawaii, June 2, I960, by Minoru Matsuura. This broad-nosed weevil is a native of the Mediterranean region of Europe, from where it has been spread by man to various regions, including parts of America and Australia. It is probable that it was introduced to Hawaii from California. Albert Koebele, well-known early entomologist in Hawaii, first found the weevil in Australia at Adelaide in 1890, and it has since become a pest of economic importance there. -
IOBC/WPRS Working Group “Integrated Plant Protection in Fruit
IOBC/WPRS Working Group “Integrated Plant Protection in Fruit Crops” Subgroup “Soft Fruits” Proceedings of Workshop on Integrated Soft Fruit Production East Malling (United Kingdom) 24-27 September 2007 Editors Ch. Linder & J.V. Cross IOBC/WPRS Bulletin Bulletin OILB/SROP Vol. 39, 2008 The content of the contributions is in the responsibility of the authors The IOBC/WPRS Bulletin is published by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West Palearctic Regional Section (IOBC/WPRS) Le Bulletin OILB/SROP est publié par l‘Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Intégrée contre les Animaux et les Plantes Nuisibles, section Regionale Ouest Paléarctique (OILB/SROP) Copyright: IOBC/WPRS 2008 The Publication Commission of the IOBC/WPRS: Horst Bathon Luc Tirry Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), Federal University of Gent Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Laboratory of Agrozoology Institute for Biological Control Department of Crop Protection Heinrichstr. 243 Coupure Links 653 D-64287 Darmstadt (Germany) B-9000 Gent (Belgium) Tel +49 6151 407-225, Fax +49 6151 407-290 Tel +32-9-2646152, Fax +32-9-2646239 e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Address General Secretariat: Dr. Philippe C. Nicot INRA – Unité de Pathologie Végétale Domaine St Maurice - B.P. 94 F-84143 Montfavet Cedex (France) ISBN 978-92-9067-213-5 http://www.iobc-wprs.org Integrated Plant Protection in Soft Fruits IOBC/wprs Bulletin 39, 2008 Contents Development of semiochemical attractants, lures and traps for raspberry beetle, Byturus tomentosus at SCRI; from fundamental chemical ecology to testing IPM tools with growers. -
1 Classical Biological Control of Banana Weevil Borer, Cosmopolites Sordidus (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) with Natural Enemies Fr
Classical biological control of banana weevil borer, Cosmopolites sordidus (coleoptera; curculionidae) with natural enemies from Indonesia (With emphasis on west Sumatera) Ahsol Hasyimab, Yusdar Hilmanc aIndonesian Tropical Fruit Research Insitute Jln. Raya Aripan Km 8. Solok, 27301 Indonesia bPresent address: Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute. Jl. Tangkuban Perahu Lembang. Bandung, PO.Box 8413. Bandung 40391, Indonesia c Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development, Jl. Raya Ragunan Pasar Minggu - Jakarta Selatan 12540, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Introduction General basis and protocol for classical biological control Biological control is defined as "the action of parasites (parasitoids), predators or pathogens in Maintaining another organism's population density at a lower average than would occur in their absence" (Debach 1964). Thus, biological control represents the combined effects of a natural enemy complex in suppressing pest populations. The concept of biological control arose from the observed differences in abundance of many animals and plants in their native range compared to areas in which they had been introduced in the absence of (co-evolved) natural enemies. As such, populations of introduced pests, unregulated by their natural enemies may freely multiply and rise to much higher levels than previously observed. Biological control is a component of natural control which describes environmental checks on pest buildup (Debach 1964). In agriculture, both the environment (i.e. farming systems) and natural enemies may be manipulated in an attempt to reduce pest pressure. Classical biological control concerns the search for natural enemies in a pest's area of origin, followed by quarantine and importation into locations where the pest has been introduced. -
The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State -
Of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador
Belgian Journal ofEntomology 5 (2003) : 89-102 A review of the Oedemeridae (Coleoptera) of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Stewart B. PECK and Joyce COOK Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada (e-mail: ste'[email protected]). Abstract Extensive new collections contribute new information on the identity and distribution of the oedemerid beetles of the Galiipagos Islands. Specimens previously recorded as near Oxacis pilosa CHAMPION are descn'bed as Oxycopis galapagoensis sp. n. Oxacis pilosa CHAMPION of Guatemala and Nicaragua is transferred to the genus Oxycopis. Hypasclera collenettei (BLAIR) is the most common and widespread species in the islands, and is variable in that it shows significant differences in aedeagus morphology between separate islands. Alloxacis hoodi V AN DYKE is found be a synonym of H. collenettei. H. seymourensis (MUTCHLER) is known only from the central islands. Paroxacis galapagoensis (LINELL) is also widespread. All four Galapagos species are presently considered to be endemic, and each represents a separate ancestral colonization of the archipelago. Keywords: · Hypasclera, Oxycopis, Paroxacis, island insects, endemic species, colonization. Introduction Members of the beetle family Oedemeridae are commonly called the false blister beetles. Adults are found frequently at lights or by sweeping vegetation, and they are obligate pollen feeders (AR.NETT, 1984). Larvae may feed on plant roots or may be inhabitants of moist decaying wood and some may live in salt-soaked driftwood (ARNETT, 1984, KrusKA, 2002). Oedemerids have been described and reported from the Galapagos by several workers: BLAIR (1928; 1933); F'RANZ (1985); LINELL (1898); MUTCHLER (1938); and VAN DYKE (1953). -
Monophyly of Clade III Nematodes Is Not Supported by Phylogenetic Analysis of Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequences
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7509r5vp Journal BMC Genomics, 12(1) ISSN 1471-2164 Authors Park, Joong-Ki Sultana, Tahera Lee, Sang-Hwa et al. Publication Date 2011-08-03 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-392 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Park et al. BMC Genomics 2011, 12:392 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/392 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Monophyly of clade III nematodes is not supported by phylogenetic analysis of complete mitochondrial genome sequences Joong-Ki Park1*, Tahera Sultana2, Sang-Hwa Lee3, Seokha Kang4, Hyong Kyu Kim5, Gi-Sik Min2, Keeseon S Eom6 and Steven A Nadler7 Abstract Background: The orders Ascaridida, Oxyurida, and Spirurida represent major components of zooparasitic nematode diversity, including many species of veterinary and medical importance. Phylum-wide nematode phylogenetic hypotheses have mainly been based on nuclear rDNA sequences, but more recently complete mitochondrial (mtDNA) gene sequences have provided another source of molecular information to evaluate relationships. Although there is much agreement between nuclear rDNA and mtDNA phylogenies, relationships among certain major clades are different. In this study we report that mtDNA sequences do not support the monophyly of Ascaridida, Oxyurida and Spirurida (clade III) in contrast to results for nuclear rDNA. Results from mtDNA genomes show promise as an additional independently evolving genome for developing phylogenetic hypotheses for nematodes, although substantially increased taxon sampling is needed for enhanced comparative value with nuclear rDNA. -
Coleoptera: Belidae
Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina ISSN: 0373-5680 [email protected] Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Argentina FERRER, María S.; MARVALDI, Adriana E.; SATO, Héctor A.; GONZALEZ, Ana M. Biological notes on two species of Oxycorynus (Coleoptera: Belidae) associated with parasitic plants of the genus Lophophytum (Balanophoraceae), and new distribution records in Argentina Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, vol. 70, núm. 3-4, 2011, pp. 351-355 Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=322028524019 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative ISSN 0373-5680 (impresa), ISSN 1851-7471 (en línea) Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 70 (3-4): 351-355, 2011 351 NOTA CIENTÍFICA Biological notes on two species of Oxycorynus (Coleoptera: Belidae) associated with parasitic plants of the genus Lophophytum (Balanophoraceae), and new distribution records in Argentina FERRER, María S.*, Adriana E. MARVALDI*, Héctor A. SATO** and Ana M. GONZALEZ** * Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA), CCT CONICET- Mendoza, C.C. 507, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina; e-mail for correspondence: [email protected] ** Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste C.C. 209. 3400 Corrientes, Argentina Notas biológicas sobre dos especies de Oxycorynus (Coleoptera: Belidae) asociadas con plantas parásitas del género Lophophytum (Balanophoraceae), y nuevos registros de distribución en Argentina RESUMEN. Se brinda nueva información sobre la asociación de gorgojos del género Oxycorynus Chevrolat (Belidae: Oxycoryninae) con plantas parásitas del género Lophophytum Schott & Endl. -
Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida: Families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) 1 Nastaran Tofangsazi, Steven P
EENY-530 Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida: families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) 1 Nastaran Tofangsazi, Steven P. Arthurs, and Robin M. Giblin-Davis2 Introduction Entomopathogenic nematodes are soft bodied, non- segmented roundworms that are obligate or sometimes facultative parasites of insects. Entomopathogenic nema- todes occur naturally in soil environments and locate their host in response to carbon dioxide, vibration, and other chemical cues (Kaya and Gaugler 1993). Species in two families (Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) have been effectively used as biological insecticides in pest man- agement programs (Grewal et al. 2005). Entomopathogenic nematodes fit nicely into integrated pest management, or IPM, programs because they are considered nontoxic to Figure 1. Infective juvenile stages of Steinernema carpocapsae clearly humans, relatively specific to their target pest(s), and can showing protective sheath formed by retaining the second stage be applied with standard pesticide equipment (Shapiro-Ilan cuticle. et al. 2006). Entomopathogenic nematodes have been Credits: James Kerrigan, UF/IFAS exempted from the US Environmental Protection Agency Life Cycle (EPA) pesticide registration. There is no need for personal protective equipment and re-entry restrictions. Insect The infective juvenile stage (IJ) is the only free living resistance problems are unlikely. stage of entomopathogenic nematodes. The juvenile stage penetrates the host insect via the spiracles, mouth, anus, or in some species through intersegmental membranes of the cuticle, and then enters into the hemocoel (Bedding and Molyneux 1982). Both Heterorhabditis and Steinernema are mutualistically associated with bacteria of the genera Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively (Ferreira and 1. This document is EENY-530, one of a series of the Department of Entomology and Nematology, UF/IFAS Extension. -
Nematop® Black Vine Weevil
THE PROBLEM: THE PEST (OTIORHYNCHUS SULCATUS): Ju un l A J ug y a S e M p Characteristic notching of leaves r O p caused by adult weevils. c ® A t r N nematop a o M By far the most severe v b D Effective Biological Control of e e F damage is caused by the c n J larvae, which feed on roots, a Black Vine Weevil rhizomes and the bases of woody stems. They may girdle the root crown, and strip bark from woody stems. Even large Life cycle of vine weevil (Optimum times for plants can wither and die application of nematodes indicated in red) within a short period of time. The adult weevils (ca. 8-13 mm long) emerge from late May to early July. They feed on leaves at night, and hide By examining the stem base and the root-zone area, during the day in the soil or under litter. Laying of eggs the larvae can be detected at an early stage and may begin after 3-4 weeks, and larvae hatch some 2-3 effectively controlled with nematop®! weeks later. Root damage from larval feeding is most severe through the autumn, and again in the spring as Plants attacked: temperatures begin to rise. Larvae over-winter deeper in More than 200 species of crop plants and ornamentals the soil and finally pupate in late spring. are known to be particularly susceptible to vine weevil attack, including strawberry, raspberry, blackcurrant, nematop® is only effective against larvae and pupae and blueberry, grapevine, yew, rhododendron, azalea, should therefore be applied during April / May and from euonymus, camellia, cyclamen, rose, geranium, and August to the end of September.