Leviticus Bibliography
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Leviticus 16:1-34 Page 1
TWENTIETH MESSAGE, Leviticus 16:1-34 Page 1 TWENTIETH MESSAGE: THE DAY OF COVERINGS Leviticus 16:1-34 Introduction Leviticus 16 is a climax to everything that has gone before in the book of Leviticus. It is built on and combines much of what had been revealed previously in the messages from The Tabernacle. It tells of Israel’s great annual observance that came to be called the “Day of Atonement.” The Hebrew word translated “atonement” literally means “covering” (see comments on Lev. 1:4 in MESSAGE 1 under the heading to cover over him ). It refers to covering over a person or an object to protect it from the effects of sin. The word “atonement” in Christian theology refers to Jesus’ vicarious, substitutionary death to pay the penalty for sins for sinners. It applies to the pardon we receive from the penalty for our sins when we accept Jesus as our Savior. In Leviticus, the word “covering” applies to a different concept. It refers to protecting a person and his possessions from sins that come into his or her life after that person becomes a believer and is saved. “Covering” in Leviticus was granted to Israelites as the result of the person’s offering fire-offerings and performing many other actions in obedience to God. Covering did not occur from the grace of God only, as salvation does. It symbolized how God covered Israelite believers from their sins when they lived for Him, obeyed Him, and served Him. Therefore, the word is translated literally in these comments as “covering”, to avoid reading into it ideas it did not contain. -
Getting Started with Leviticus by Ted Hildebrandt Copyright © 2012
1 Getting Started with Leviticus By Ted Hildebrandt Copyright © 2012 Introduction to Leviticus The book of Leviticus is torah, a set of instructions designed to teach the priests and the people of Israel the ritual requirements for living in the presence of a holy God. The Hebrew title is taken from the first word of the Hebrew text, “and he called,” which tells little about the actual content of the book. The more common title of “Leviticus” comes from the translation of the Hebrew Old Testament into Greek (called the Septuagint/LXX ca. 200 BC) into the Latin Vulgate (ca. 420 AD) and eventually into English. The title should not, however, be understood as referring exclusively to the Israelite tribe of Levi. The term “Levite” occurs only three times in the book of Leviticus (Lev 25:32-33). However, priests [kohen], who were the direct descendants of Aaron, are referenced over 175 times in the 27 chapters of this book, despite it being the shortest book of the Pentateuch [Gen-Deut]. Thus the title “Leviticus” refers to the “Levitical priests” (cf. Deut 17:9, 18) although the book addresses the holiness of the whole people of God as well (Lev 15:2; 17:2), for Israel itself was to be a “kingdom of priests and a holy nation” (Exod 19:6). Leviticus moves away from the historical narrative approach that dominates Genesis and Exodus to a more instructional format, giving various rules, regulations, and requirements for maintaining holiness and cleanness and avoiding defilement, pollution, and uncleanness. It links into the greater narrative of the Pentateuch in its opening verse, where God speaks to Moses from the Tent of Meeting, or Tabernacle, upon which the glory-cloud of God’s presence had just descended (Exod 40; cf. -
An Outline of the Book of Leviticus Introduction Leviticus Is One of The
An Outline of the Book of Leviticus Introduction Leviticus is one of the most difficult books for the modern reader to grasp because it is so detailed and seemingly so archaic. But it describes very important aspects of Israel’s religious life. I. Law of Offerings, General Instructions .................................... 1:1-6:7 The text instructs the Jew as to the various offerings that he must bring to the altar, and the priest as to the basic procedure to do the offering. A. Introduction ........................................................................... 1:1-2 B. Burnt Offering ....................................................................... 1:1-17 1. A bull .............................................................................. 1:3-9 2. A sheep or goat ............................................................... 1:10-13 3. A bird, turtledove or pigeon............................................ 1:14-17 C. Grain Offering ....................................................................... 2:1-16 1. Fine flour with oil (some burned, some for priests) ........ 2:1-3 2. Baked or cooked with oil ................................................ 2:4-10 3. Regulations: no leaven, no honey, salt ........................... 2:11-13 4. Firstfruits whole grain .................................................... 2:14-16 D. Peace Offering (fat on top of burnt offering) ......................... 3:1-17 1. From the herd, male or female ........................................ 3:1-5 2. From the flock, male or female lamb -
Bible Book Club Leviticus
Bible Book Club Leviticus The book of Leviticus is a collection of laws most of which are focused around the question of how best to worship God. Right at the heart of Leviticus lies the principle of holiness. God is holy and so holiness describes the deep character of God. Leviticus describes both how God can be worshipped and how his people can themselves be holy, as a reflection of who God is in the world. How long will it take? Anything tricky? Reading time: 2 hours Well yes…the whole book of Leviticus. It is Short of time? Just read 1.1-17; 11.1-47; notoriously difficult to read and make sense of. 16.1-34; 26.1-46 Some tips that might help you make more sense Though in all honesty, this is the kind of book of it: that, hard though it is, you have to read all of if Leviticus is written into a particular context – you want to understand the mindset that lies ● the worship of God in the temple of Israel – behind it. the laws are designed to help people know how to worship God, both in the temple and in their daily lives. Try to look behind the laws for what they tell you about God and Genre about worship. ● A major theme in Leviticus is ‘purity’ and Law ‘impurity’. You should not confuse these with ‘good’ and ‘sinful’. The idea that lies behind the terms is that God is holy and pure but human beings, simply by living, would become unclean and so would be Inspiring quotes unable to come close to the holiness of God. -
From Ark of the Covenant to Torah Scroll: Ritualizing Israel’S Iconic Texts
Syracuse University SURFACE Religion College of Arts and Sciences 2014 From Ark of the Covenant to Torah Scroll: Ritualizing Israel’s Iconic Texts James W. Watts Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/rel Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, History of Religions of Western Origin Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation James W. Watts, "From Ark of the Covenant to Torah Scroll: Ritualizing Israel’s Iconic Texts," pre- publication draft, published on SURFACE, Syracuse University Libraries, 2014. This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Arts and Sciences at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Religion by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. From Ark of the Covenant to Torah Scroll: Ritualizing Israel’s Iconic Texts James W. Watts [Pre-print version of chapter in Ritual Innovation in the Hebrew Bible and Early Judaism (ed. Nathan MacDonald; BZAW 468; Berlin: De Gruyter, 2016), 21–34.] The builders of Jerusalem’s Second Temple made a remarkable ritual innovation. They left the Holy of Holies empty, if sources from the end of the Second Temple period are to be believed.1 They apparently rebuilt the other furniture of the temple, but did not remake the ark of the cove- nant that, according to tradition, had occupied the inner sanctum of Israel’s desert Tabernacle and of Solomon’s temple. The fact that the ark of the covenant went missing has excited speculation ever since. It is not my intention to pursue that further here.2 Instead, I want to consider how biblical literature dealt with this ritual innovation. -
The Book of Psalms “Bless the Lord, O My Soul, and Forget Not All His Benefits” (103:2)
THE BOOK OF PSALMS “BLESS THE LORD, O MY SOUL, AND FORGET NOT ALL HIS BENEFITS” (103:2) BOOK I BOOK II BOOK III BOOK IV BOOK V 41 psalms 31 psalms 17 psalms 17 psalms 44 psalms 1 41 42 72 73 89 90 106 107 150 DOXOLOGY AT THESE VERSES CONCLUDES EACH BOOK 41:13 72:18-19 89:52 106:48 150:6 JEWISH TRADITION ASCRIBES TOPICAL LIKENESS TO PENTATEUCH GENESIS EXODUS LEVITICUS NUMBERS DEUTERONOMY ────AUTHORS ──── mainly mainly (or all) DAVID mainly mainly mainly DAVID and KORAH ASAPH ANONYMOUS DAVID BOOKS II AND III ADDED MISCELLANEOUS ORIGINAL GROUP BY DURING THE REIGNS OF COLLECTIONS DAVID HEZEKIAH AND JOSIAH COMPILED IN TIMES OF EZRA AND NEHEMIAH POSSIBLE CHRONOLOGICAL STAGES IN THE GROWTH AND COLLECTION OF THE PSALTER 1 The Book of Psalms I. Book Title The word psalms comes from the Greek word psalmoi. It suggests the idea of a “praise song,” as does the Hebrew word tehillim. It is related to a Hebrew concept which means “the plucking of strings.” It means a song to be sung to the accompaniment of stringed instruments. The Psalms is a collection of worship songs sung to God by the people of Israel with musical accompaniment. The collection of these 150 psalms into one book served as the first hymnbook for God’s people, written and compiled to assist them in their worship of God. At first, because of the wide variety of these songs, this praise book was unnamed, but eventually the ancient Hebrews called it “The Book of Praises,” or simply “Praises.” This title reflects its main purpose──to assist believers in the proper worship of God. -
THE OLD TESTAMENT WILDERNESS in ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE a Christian Investigation
THE OLD TESTAMENT WILDERNESS IN ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE A Christian Investigation D. Keith Innes The Old Testament Wilderness in Ecological Perspective: A Christian Investigation D. Keith Innes Copyright © 2008 Donald Keith Innes Unless otherwise stated the Scripture quotations contained herein are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright © 1989, by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., and are used by permission. All rights reserved. The Old Testament Wilderness in Ecological Perspective Keith Innes Abbreviations BDB F. Brown, S.R. Driver and C.A. Briggs: A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament with an Appendix Containing the Biblical Aramaic (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1952). BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelstiftung, 1967/77) GKC Gesenius: Hebrew Grammar (edited and enlarged by E. Kautzsch, revised by A.E. Cowley; Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1910). GNB Good News Bible (Today’s English Version) (The Bible Societies/Collins, 1976). JBL Journal of Biblical Literature. JSOT Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. LXX The Septuagint Greek translation of the Old Testament. MT The Massoretic Text. NRSV The Holy Bible, New Revised Standard Version (London: HarperCollins, 1989). REB The Revised English Bible (Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press, 1989). VT Vetus Testamentum. ZAW Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft. The Old Testament Wilderness in Ecological Perspective Keith Innes THE OLD TESTAMENT WILDERNESS IN ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE - A Christian Investigation CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction and Acknowledgements 1 1.1. The Natural Wilderness 1 1.2. The Biblical Wilderness 2 1.3. The Symbolic Wilderness 2 1.4. -
Santas E Sedutoras:As Heroínas Na Biblia Hebraica
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIENCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS ORIENTAIS PROGRAMA DE LINGUA HEBRAICA, LITERATURA E CULTURA JUDAICAS SANTAS E SEDUTORAS AS HEROÍNAS NA BIBLIA HEBRAICA A mulher entre as narrativas bíblicas e a literatura Patrística Eliézer Serra Braga São Paulo 2007 2 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA, LETRAS E CIENCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE LETRAS ORIENTAIS PROGRAMA DE LINGUA HEBRAICA, LITERATURA E CULTURA JUDAICAS SANTAS E SEDUTORAS AS HEROÍNAS NA BIBLIA HEBRAICA A mulher entre as narrativas bíblicas e a literatura Patrística Eliézer Serra Braga Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Língua Hebraica, Literatura e Cultura Judaicas, do Departamento de Letras Orientais da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, para obtenção do título de Mestre. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Ruth Leftel São Paulo 2007 3 A Anna Maria, minha amada esposa, que com graciosidade apoiou-me durante os anos em que trabalhei para realizar este sonho. Considero-a a grande dádiva de Deus para minha vida. 4 AGRADECIMENTOS Dirijo-me primeiramente a minha orientadora, Dra. Ruth Leftel, cujo apoio excedeu a suas responsabilidades, conduzindo-me com segurança na caminhada rumo à conclusão desta etapa importante de minha vida. Serei para sempre grato por havê-la conhecido. Sem seu apoio, sabedoria e orientação confiantes, talvez eu não chegasse ao fim deste projeto que superou minha capacidade. Seu conhecimento e experiência revelados na orientação e nas aulas, somados a confiança por ela depositada em mim, foram imprescindíveis no desafio de pesquisar um tema tão abrangente como a cultura do povo israelita. -
Introduction to the Book of Leviticus
The Book of Leviticus by William D. Barrick, Th.D. Bereans Sunday School Class Placerita Baptist Church 1.0 The Significance of the Book of Leviticus ? Why would we want to study a book that dedicates seven chapters to the sacrificial system of ancient Israel and five chapters to details concerning indelicate matters like the emission of a variety of bodily fluids? ? “It is perhaps the most neglected of the neglected biblical books.” — Samuel E. Balentine, Leviticus, Interpretation (Louisville, Ky.: John Knox Press, 2002), 1-2. Jewish children once commenced their biblical studies with the Book of Leviticus. — Bernard J. Bamberger, Leviticus, The Torah: A Modern Commentary, 5 vols. (New York: Union of American Hebrew Congregations, 1979), 3:xix. “Genesis is the book of beginnings, Exodus the book of redemption, and Leviticus the book of atonement and a holy walk. In Genesis we see man ruined; in Exodus, man redeemed; in Leviticus, man cleansed, worshiping and serving.” — Merrill F. Unger, The New Unger’s Bible Handbook (Chicago: Moody, 1984), 85. “Leviticus is thus a work of towering spirituality, which through the various sacrificial rituals points the reader unerringly to the atoning death of Jesus, our great High Priest. An eminent nineteenth-century writer once described Leviticus quite correctly as the seed-bed of New Testament theology, for in this book is to be found the basis of Christian faith and doctrine. The Epistle to the Hebrews expounds Leviticus in this connection, and therefore merits careful study in its own right, since in the view of the present writer it is pre- eminent as a commentary on Leviticus.” — R. -
C:\Documents and Settings\Latim
KURY, Adriano da Gama. Novas lições de análise sintática. 2. ed., São Paulo: Ática, 1986. O DESJARRETAMENTO DE JACÓ MAROUZEAU, J. L’Ordre des mots en latin. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1953. Profa. Dra. Suzana Chwarts (USP - Universidade de São Paulo) ______. L’Ordre des mots dans la phrase latine. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1949. RESUMO ______. Traité de stylistique latine. 10. ed., Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1946. Neste estudo analiso momentos da trajetória do patriarca Jacó a partir do ______. Introduction au latin. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1941. momento em este que se torna Israel. Tal precurso, que tem seu início em Gn 34 e seu desfecho em Gn 49, é marcado por um processo de fragilização do patriarca em PONTES, Eunice Souza Lima. O Tópico no Português do Brasil. Campinas: Pontes, 1987. relação a seus filhos e os habitantes da terra. Conhecido, em outros episódios, RIBEIRO, Manoel Pinto. Nova Gramática da Língua Portuguesa. 16. ed., Rio de Janeiro: por sua sinuosidade e astúcia, Jacó emprega, em suas falas, uma terminologia Metáfora, 2006. específica que se relaciona - semântica e tematicamente - à idéia de infertilidade. Desjarretar significa cortar o tendão de um animal, diminuindo sua força vital, e SILVA, Amós Coelho da; MONTAGNER, Airto Ceolin. Dicionário Latino-Português. 2. indiretamente, sua potência e fertilidade. ed., Rio de Janeiro: Amós Coelho da Silva e Airto Ceolin Montagner, 2007. Palavras-chaves: Bíblia Hebraica, Infertilidade, Patriarcas, Filhos de Israel, Siquém. VILLENEUVE, F. Odes e épodos. Horácio. Paris: Societé D’édition “Les Belles Lettres”, Episódio I : Jacó ganha o nome Israel e perde sua perfeição física 1946. -
Tie the Knot”: a Study of Exogamous Marriage in Ezra-Nehemiah Against the Backdrop of Biblical Legal Tradition
Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Faculty Publications 2016 When Not to "Tie the Knot”: A Study of Exogamous Marriage in Ezra-Nehemiah Against the Backdrop of Biblical legal Tradition Gerald A. Klingbeil Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/pubs Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, Jewish Studies Commons, and the Sociology of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Klingbeil, Gerald A., "When Not to "Tie the Knot”: A Study of Exogamous Marriage in Ezra-Nehemiah Against the Backdrop of Biblical legal Tradition" (2016). Faculty Publications. 378. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/pubs/378 This Contribution to Book is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 9 When Not to “Tie the Knot”: A Study of Exogamous Marriage in Ezra- Nehemiah Against the Backdrop of Biblical Legal Tradition 1 Gerald A. Klingbeil Introduction he study of a particular historical period, including its underlying legal principles and realities, is not always an easy undertaking, T particularly when the primary data is limited and—as some would claim—historically unreliable due to its theological (or ideological) bias. This has been the case for Persian period Palestine as portrayed in the book of 1 This study was first presented in the Historical Books (Hebrew Bible) section of the International Meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature, July 26, 2007, in Vienna, Austria. -
Commentary on the Holy Scriptures, Vol
STUDY NOTES ON THE HOLY SCRIPTURES (with an Emphasis upon Composition Criticism to Identify Biblical Themes) By Gary H. Everett THE BOOK OF LEVITUCUS February 2012 Edition 4/19/2012 8:43:37 PM THE BOOK OF LEVITICUS By Gary H. Everett Page 1 of 81 All Scripture quotations in English are taken from the King James Version unless otherwise noted. Some words have been emphasized by the author of this commentary using bold or italics. All Old Testament Scripture quotations in the Hebrew text are taken from Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia: With Westminster Hebrew Morphology, electronic ed., Stuttgart; Glenside PA: German Bible Society, Westminster Seminary, 1996, c1925, morphology c1991, in Libronix Digital Library System, v. 2.1c [CD- ROM] Bellingham, WA: Libronix Corp., 2000-2004. All New Testament Scripture quotations in the Greek text are taken from Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition (with Morphology), eds. Kurt Aland, Matthew Black, Carlo M. Martini, Bruce M. Metzger, M. Robinson, and Allen Wikgren, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft (United Bible Societies), c1966, 1993, 2006, in Libronix Digital Library System, v. 2.1c [CD-ROM] Bellingham, WA: Libronix Corp., 2000- 2004. All Hebrew and Greek text for word studies are taken from James Strong in The New Strong's Dictionary of Hebrew and Greek Words, Nashville: Thomas Nelson, c1996, 1997, in Libronix Digital Library System, v. 2.1c [CD-ROM] Bellingham, WA: Libronix Corp., 2000-2004. © Gary H. Everett, 1981-2012 All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form without prior permission of the author. 4/19/2012 8:43:37 PM THE BOOK OF LEVITICUS By Gary H.