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Flora & Fauna Survey of Nalbaugh State Forest (Part) Bombala District, Eden Region, South-Eastern

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Flora & Fauna Survey of Nalbaugh State Forest (Part) Bombala District, Eden Region, South-Eastern This document has been scanned from hard-copy archives for research and study purposes. Please note not all information may be current. We have tried, in preparing this copy, to make the content accessible to the widest possible audience but in some cases we recognise that the automatic text recognition maybe inadequate and we apologise in advance for any inconvenience this may cause. FOREST RESOURCES SERIES NO. 9 FLORA AND FAUNA SURVEY OF NAL~AUGH STATE FOREST (PART) BOMBALA DISTRICT, EDEN REGION, SOUTH-EASTERN NEW SOUTH WALES BY D.L. BINNS AND- R.P. KAVANAGH FORESTRY COMMISSION OF NEW SOUTH WALES FLORA AND FAUNA SURVEY OF NALBAUGH STATE FOREST (PART), BOMBALA DISTRICT, EDEN REGION, SOUTH-EASTERN NEW SOUTH WALES by DoL.Binns and RoPo Kavanagh FOREST ECOLOGY SECTION WOOD TECHNOLOGY AND FOREST RESEARCH DIVISION FORESTRY COMMISSION OF NEW SOUTH WALES SYDNEY 1990 Forest Resources Series No. 9 1989 Published by: Forestry Commission ofNew South Wales, Wood Technology and Forest Research Division, 27 Oratava Avenue, West Pennant Hills. N.S.W. 2120 r.o, Box 100, Beecroft. N.S.W. 2119 Australia. Copyright@ 1989 by Forestry Commission ofNew South Wales ODC 182.5:156.2 (944) ISSN 1033-1220 , ISBN 073055676 X /' ./ r Flora and Fauna Survey of Nalbaugh State Forest (Part), Bombala Dlstrlct, Eden Region: -I- CONTENTS PAGE .ABSTRACT ...........................,............. 1 INTRODUCTION 2 THE STUDY AREA 2 1. Location ......................................... .2 2. Physiography and Geology .............................'. .2 3. Disturbance History .................................. .3 A. FLORA 5 METHODS 5 1. Site Location ....'................................... 5 2. Floristics and Vegetation Structural Data ...................... 5 3. Previous Floristic Studies 6 4. Habitat Data ....................................... 6 5. Taxonomy and Nomenclature 6 6. Limitations 7 7. DataAnalysis ...................................... 7 RESULTS ~ 8 1. Floristics ......................................... 8 2. Vegetation" Communities 8 . DISCUSSION . .54 \ 1. Significant Plant Species .54 2. SignylCant Plant Communities ............ ............. 55 t) B. FAUNA 57 METHODS 57 1. Site Selection ...................................... 57 2. Arboreal Marsupials and Nocturnal Forest Birds 57 3. Small Mammals .. .'. ................................ 57 4. Large and Medium-sized Mammals ..........•.........:.... 59 5. Datafrom Other Sources ............................... 59 6. Limitations ....................................... 59 RESULTS 60 1. Distribution ofFauna Sampling Sites by Vegetation Community. ....... .60 2. Arboreal Marsupials and Nocturnal Forest Birds. ................ .61 (a) Survey Sites 61 (b) Road Transects 61 3. Small Mammals ........... .. 61 Forest Resources Series No. 9 Forestry Commission of New South Wales Flora and Fauna Survey, Nalbaugh State Forest -ii- (Part), Bombala District, Eden Region DffiCUSSION . ..........'...71 1. Signfft.cant Animal Species. ............................. ,71 2. Signfft.cant Animal Habitats. .....................'........ 71 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ' 73 REFERENCES ' 73 APPENDICES . 75 APPENDIX lA. 75 APPENDIX IB . 81 APPENDIX IC ., 91 APPENDIX 2 : 99 .' Forestry Commission of New South Wales Forest Resources Series No, 9 Flora and Fauna Survey of Nalbaugh State Forest -1- (Part). Bombala District. Eden Region ABSTRACT The results of a flora and fauna surveyof an areaof approximately 1500ha in NalbaughStateForest (37 01' - 37 06'S, 149 21' -149 24'E), southeast of Bombala, southernN.S.W., are presented. The vegetationis describedon the basis of 62 surveyplots. The fauna surveywas based on a strati­ fied sampleof30 of these plots. In addition, forest alongside a total of 11.4km of road within the study area was searched at night for animals. A total of 267 native and 5 naturalised vascularplanttaxa wasrecorded. 20 vegetationcommunities are described, 10 of which are of limitedextentin the surveyarea, represented by singleplots. The vegetation is predominantly open forest; commoncanopyspecies beingEucalyptus cypellocarpa, E. obliqua,E. globoideaand E. sieberi. A fairly extensive areain the northernhalf of the survey area is wet sc1erophyll forest of predominantly E.[astigatawith dense, tall understorey of Acacia dealbata and Bedfordiaarborescens. Twoof the communities are shrubdominated, each being of very limited extent. Conservation significanceof plant species is assessed on a regional and nationalbasis. Twelve species are regarded as regionally significant (restricted distribution or infrequently recorded). Only one of these,Persooniasp. C (CC brevifolia") is considered nationally significant. Five of the twenty plant communities are considered regionally significant. A furthersix communities are of restricted occurrencein the surveyarea,but similarto regionally widespread communities. The recordedabundances ofarborealmarsupials (five species), nocturnalforestbirds (five species) and small « 200 g) ground-dwelling mammals (four species) were generally low. This is notable in comparisonwith the abundance of many speciesfrom the adjacent Waratah CreekFlora Reserve and elsewhere in the region. The PowerfulOwl Ninox strenua, Masked Owl Tyto novaehollandiae andYellow-bellied Glider Petaurusaustralis were regarded as the most significant species detectedwithinthe study area. The most significanthabitats for these species includewet sclerophyll forest with Eifastigaia (commu­ nity NAL 6 or forest types 154 and 155)and swampforest withE. ovata (community NAL 10 or forest type 143). The White-throated NightjarCaprimulgus mystacaliswas recorded at its westemmostoccurrencewithinthe region, Forest Resources Series No. 9 Forestry Commission of New South Wales Flora and Fauna Survey of Nalbaugh State Forest (Part), Bombala District, Eden Region -2- INTRODUCTION This report presents the results of a survey ofvascular flora and selected faunal groups l" (arboreal marsupials, large owls and small terrestrial mammals), undertaken in part ofNalbaugh State Forest on the eastern edge of the New South Wales southern tablelands, east of Bombala. The objectives were as follows: 1. To describe the vegetation of the area and compile an inventory of vascular flora. 2. To characterize the fauna occupying the area, taking into account' results from previous studies. 3. To record the presence of any communities or species of particular significance and to locate areas of rich biological diversity. 4. To evaluate the conservation significance of the flora and fauna in .the study area in a local, regional and national context. The vegetation component of the field work was carried out by D. Binns, R. Shiels and R. AlIen during 19-3Oth June 1989. The fauna component was carried out .by R. Kavanagh, R. Shiels and R. Allen during 31 July-14 August 1989. THE STUDY AREA 1. Location I The study area is mainly within Nalbaugh State Forest but includes a small portion of Coolangubra ~ S.F. It is situated about 20 km south-east of Bombala, south-eastern New South Wales. It is ' bounded approximately by latitudes 37 01' - 37 06' Sand longitudes 149 21' - 149 24' E and occupies an area of approximately 1500 ha. 2. Physiography and Geology The area occupies the eastern edge of the southern tablelands. It is mostly within the upper catch­ ment of White Rock River, except for a small area along the northern boundary which is within the Saucy Creek (upper Bombala River) catchment. There is a general slope towards the west, from the high ridge (up to 1110 m altitude) on the eastern boundary of the area, to the White Rock River valley at an altitude of about 540 m. Slopes are moderately steep to rarely precipitous in the south­ eastern portion of the area, including deeply incised gullies. An area of lower relief occurs along, the northern boundary. Extensive areas of gently undulating topography occur around Mines Road in the northern half of the area and along White Rock River on the western boundary. Geology is entirely lower Devonian granitoids (Beams, 1980). The steeper southern half of the area is mainly adamellite, which has generally formed stoney soils with high content of coarse quartz grains. The northern part consists of granodiorites which have tended to form more clay-rich and apparently more fertile soils. Forestry Commission of New South Wales Forest Resources Series No. 9 Flora and Fauna Survey of Nalbaugh State Forest -3- (Part), Bombala District, Eden Region 3. Disturbance History The more accessible parts of the area,particularly on gentletopography around MinesRoad, were selectively logged duringthe 1920s and 1950s (N. Cowley, Forester, Bombala District,pers. comm.). I.. Logginggenerally removed less than50% of the overstorey basalarea. Additional minorloggingwas associated withthe upgrading of MinesRoadin the early 1970s. An areain the centre-west of the study area washarvestedby routine integrated loggingduring1987-1989 and wasnot surveyed. Muchof the area, particularly on steepertopography, hasneverbeenlogged. The areahas been periodically burnt by wildfire. The last majorfire wasin the early 1950sand resulted in extensive, mostlyeven-aged standsof Eucalyptusfastigata andAcacia dealbata in some parts of the area. Grazinghas probablybeen limitedto flats adjacent to WhiteRockRiver. Thereis evidencethat some limitedclearingof these flatsmay haveoccurred late last centuryor earlythis century, and clearings currentlyexistjust outsidethe studyareaon the western side of the river. Plantations of the exoticPinus radiata have beenestablished
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