BY THE NUMBERS CEMR National associations #EUlocal The Council of European Municipalities and Our mission of local and regional governments www.cemr.eu Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local and in Europe twitter.com/ccrecemr regional governments federated through 60 We promote the construction of a united, peace- national associations. ful and democratic Europe founded upon local self-government and respect for the principle of CEMR is the European section of United Cities and subsidiarity. Local Governments (UCLG), through which it repre- sents European local and regional governments at EUROPE counts CEMR unites Associations international level. associations cover 95% of in 41 countries. their country’s 100,000 60 population. National associations local & regional governments. P7 P15 of local and regional governments in Europe Founded in Who do How are associations 60 41 100,000 AssociationsLocal IntermediateRegional 1951 associations countries local and regional 45 associations legally protected? governments 2 represent?How is your association legally protected? A study on the CEMR and its members 4 16% 19% constitution 1 The constitution, a constitutional law or organic law of associations 5% general law 3 representGeneral law adopted the by a legislative body, regulation 3 3/4 national or regional (parliament, senate, etc.) Regulationlocal or decision level adopted only. by an executive body other (government or presidential directives, decisions, decrees, associations can be referredorders, administrativeto as provision, etc.) 60% 100% of associations act CEMR member associations 6 “umbrella organisations”. Other in the public interest. Albania Cyprus Germany Kosovo North Macedonia Slovenia P12 P19 SHBSH UCM RGRE AKK* ZELS SOS DStGB ZMOS 100% advocacy Austria Czech Republic DLT Latvia Norway 43% Activities 95% knowledge sharing GEMEINDEBUND SMO ČR DST LPS KS Spain of associations covered by the 88% publications STAEDTEBUND FEMP associations 86% training Denmark Greece Lithuania Poland EUDEL have an office in covered research Belgium KL KEDE LSA ZMP 81% BRUSSELS. not covered salary negociation BRULOCALIS REGIONER ZPP Sweden 55% UVCW Hungary Luxembourg SKL P25 P25 VVSG Estonia TÖOSZ SYVICOL Portugal AECM ANMP Turkey of associations count Smallest: 3 Bosnia and Iceland Malta TBB Consultation Associations Herzegovina Finland SAMBAND LCA Romania Staff 2/3 up to 50 employees. Biggest: 400 91% of associations are regularly are consulted consulted by their central government. in every SOGFBiH AFLRA ACOR Ukraine country 10% 24% ALVRS Ireland Moldova AMR AUC Sta < 10 - 1 <10 employees France LGMA* CALM UNCJR UAROR Sta 11-30 - 2 Bulgaria AFCCRE 23% 11-30 employees NAMRB AMF* Israel Montenegro Serbia United Kingdom Sta 31-50 - 3 31-50 employees MASHAM UOM SKGO LGA Sta 51-199 - 4 51-199 employees Croatia Georgia COSLA Sta > 200 - 5 5% 38% HRVZZ NALAG Italy Netherlands Slovakia NILGA >200 employees AICCRE VNG ZMOS WLGA IPO P22 P31 * Associate, observer and invited members Representation in Europe Governing in partnership

84% of 95% of In 2018, the European Parliament associations associations adopted a resolution that supports Contact collaborate with collaborate with CEMR becoming a permanent the Committee the Congress consultant of the EU institutions. of the Regions. (Council of Europe). CEMR Find us on Resolution on the role of cities in the institutional framework of the Union Square de Meeûs 1 www.cemr.eu P35 P36 1000 Brussels twitter.com/ccrecemr Co-funded by the Europe Tel. +32 2 511 74 77 for Citizens Programme of the [email protected] European Union Europe needs to take a local shift. Join us in making it happen! BY THE NUMBERS CEMR National associations #EUlocal The Council of European Municipalities and Our mission of local and regional governments www.cemr.eu Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local and in Europe twitter.com/ccrecemr regional governments federated through 60 We promote the construction of a united, peace- national associations. ful and democratic Europe founded upon local self-government and respect for the principle of CEMR is the European section of United Cities and subsidiarity. Local Governments (UCLG), through which it repre- sents European local and regional governments at EUROPE counts CEMR unites Associations international level. associations cover 95% of in 41 countries. their country’s 100,000 60 population. National associations local & regional governments. P7 P15 of local and regional governments in Europe Founded in Who do How are associations 60 41 100,000 AssociationsLocal IntermediateRegional 1951 associations countries local and regional 45 associations legally protected? governments 2 represent?How is your association legally protected? A study on the CEMR and its members 4 16% 19% constitution 1 The constitution, a constitutional law or organic law of associations 5% general law 3 representGeneral law adopted the by a legislative body, regulation 3 3/4 national or regional (parliament, senate, etc.) Regulationlocal or decision level adopted only. by an executive body other (government or presidential directives, decisions, decrees, associations can be referredorders, administrativeto as provision, etc.) 60% 100% of associations act CEMR member associations 6 “umbrella organisations”. Other in the public interest. Albania Cyprus Germany Kosovo North Macedonia Slovenia P12 P19 SHBSH UCM RGRE AKK* ZELS SOS DStGB ZMOS 100% advocacy Austria Czech Republic DLT Latvia Norway 43% Activities 95% knowledge sharing GEMEINDEBUND SMO ČR DST LPS KS Spain of associations covered by the 88% publications STAEDTEBUND FEMP associations 86% training Denmark Greece Lithuania Poland EUDEL have an office in covered research Belgium KL KEDE LSA ZMP 81% BRUSSELS. not covered salary negociation BRULOCALIS REGIONER ZPP Sweden 55% UVCW Hungary Luxembourg SKL P25 P25 VVSG Estonia TÖOSZ SYVICOL Portugal AECM ANMP Turkey of associations count Smallest: 3 Bosnia and Iceland Malta TBB Consultation Associations Herzegovina Finland SAMBAND LCA Romania Staff 2/3 up to 50 employees. Biggest: 400 91% of associations are regularly are consulted consulted by their central government. in every SOGFBiH AFLRA ACOR Ukraine country 10% 24% ALVRS Ireland Moldova AMR AUC Sta < 10 - 1 <10 employees France LGMA* CALM UNCJR UAROR Sta 11-30 - 2 Bulgaria AFCCRE 23% 11-30 employees NAMRB AMF* Israel Montenegro Serbia United Kingdom Sta 31-50 - 3 31-50 employees MASHAM UOM SKGO LGA Sta 51-199 - 4 51-199 employees Croatia Georgia COSLA Sta > 200 - 5 5% 38% HRVZZ NALAG Italy Netherlands Slovakia NILGA >200 employees AICCRE VNG ZMOS WLGA IPO P22 P31 * Associate, observer and invited members Representation in Europe Governing in partnership

84% of 95% of In 2018, the European Parliament associations associations adopted a resolution that supports Contact collaborate with collaborate with CEMR becoming a permanent the Committee the Congress consultant of the EU institutions. of the Regions. (Council of Europe). CEMR Find us on Resolution on the role of cities in the institutional framework of the Union Square de Meeûs 1 www.cemr.eu P35 P36 1000 Brussels twitter.com/ccrecemr Co-funded by the Europe Tel. +32 2 511 74 77 for Citizens Programme of the [email protected] European Union Europe needs to take a local shift. Join us in making it happen! InIn Ina a Innutshell nutshellInaIn anutshell a nutshella nutshell nutshell NATIONALNATIONALNATIONALNATIONALNATIONALNATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS ASSOCIATIONS ASSOCIATIONS ASSOCIATIONS ASSOCIATIONSASSOCIATIONSASSOCIATIONS OF OF LOCAL LOCAL AND AND OF REGIONAL REGIONALOF OFOFOFLOCAL LOCAL LOCALLOCALLOCAL GOVERNMENTS GOVERNMENTS AND AND ANDAND REGIONAL REGIONAL IN INREGIONALREGIONALREGIONAL EUROPE EUROPE GOVERNMENTS GOVERNMENTS GOVERNMENTS GOVERNMENTSGOVERNMENTS IN INEUROPE IN IN INEUROPE EUROPE EUROPEEUROPE

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MacedoniaMacedoniaSelf-Government of the RepublicSKGOSKGO of SKGO MembersMembers: 1398: 1398Members : 1398 SHBSHSHBSH NAMRBNAMRB BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria AFLRAAFLRAAFLRA TÖOSZTÖOSZTÖOSZ LSA LSALSA ZELSZELS Self-GovernmentNorthNorth Macedonia ofMacedonia the Republic of SKGO SKGOSKGO Members: 1398 MembersMembers: 61: 61 SHBSH SHBSH NAMRB MembersMembersMembers: 311: 311 : 311 MembersMembersMembers: 1614: 1614 : 1614 MembersMembers: Members60: 60 : 60 Macedonia Self-GovernmentMembersMembers of: 170 the: Members170 Republic : 170 of TypeType of ofMembers MembersType: of: Members : MembersMembers: 13981,398: 1,398 Members: 61 NAMRBNAMRBNAMRB Members: 311 Members: 1614 Members: 60 North MacedoniaZELSZELS Members: 170 Type of Members: TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembersMembers: :: 61 : 61: 61 MembersMembersMembers: 265: 265 : 265 TypeType of ofMembersType Members of Members: : Members Members : : 311: 311 TypeType of ofMembersType Members of Members: : Members Members: : 1,6141614: 1,614 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Staff: 18 MembersMembers: 81 : 81 Staff: 66 Web: www.tbb.gov.tr WebWeb: www.aam.org.al: www.aam.org.alStaff: 3 StaffStaff: 55:Staff 55 : 55 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb : www.kuntaliitto.fi: www.kuntaliitto.fiWeb: www.kuntaliitto.fiStaffStaff: 220: 220 WebWeb: www.toosz.hu: www.toosz.huWeb: www.toosz.huStaffStaff: 6: 6 WebWeb: www.lsa.lt: www.lsa.ltWeb: www.lsa.lt StaffStaff: 18: 18 StaffStaff: 16: 16 MembersTypeType of ofMembersmembers :Webmembers 81Web : www.skgo.org: www.skgo.org: : Web : www.skgo.org StaffStaff: 66: 66 WebWeb: www.tbb.gov.tr: www.tbb.gov.tr Web: www.aam.org.alStaffStaff: 3: 3 Staff: 55 Web: www.kuntaliitto.fi Web: www.toosz.hu Web: www.lsa.lt Type of MembersType of Members: : Web: www.skgo.org Web: www.aam.org.al WebWeb: www.namrb.org:Web www.namrb.org: www.namrb.orgStaffStaff: 55: 55 WebWeb: www.kuntaliitto.fi: www.kuntaliitto.fi WebWeb: www.toosz.hu: www.toosz.hu WebWeb: www.lsa.lt: www.lsa.ltWebWeb: www.zels.org.mk: www.zels.org.mk StaffTypeStaff: of16: 16Members : WebWeb: www.skgo.org: www.skgo.org The CouncilCouncil ofof EuropeanEuropean MunicipalitiesMunicipalities andand WebWeb: www.aam.org.al: www.aam.org.al Web: www.namrb.org Staff: 16 Staff: 16 The Council of European Municipalities and OurOur mission mission WebWeb: www.namrb.org: www.namrb.org Web: www.zels.org.mkStaffWebWeb:: www.zels.org.mk16: www.zels.org.mk UKRAINE UKRAINE UKRAINE RegionsTheTheThe Council Council Councilis the of unitedof of European EuropeanEuropean voice of Municipalities Municipalities MunicipalitiesEurope’s local and andand Our mission AUSTRIA AUSTRIA FRANCE FRANCE ICELAND ICELAND LUXEMBURG LUXEMBURG Web: www.zels.org.mk SLOVAKIA SLOVAKIA UKRAINE Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local OurOurOur mission mission mission AUSTRIA FRANCE ICELAND LUXEMBOURG Web: www.zels.org.mk SLOVAKIA UKRAINE UKRAINE Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local AUSTRIA CROATIA CROATIA FRANCE ICELAND LUXEMBOURG NORWAY NORWAY SLOVAKIA AssociationAssociation of ofUkrainian Ukrainian Cities Cities RegionsRegionsRegions is is is the thethe united unitedunited voice voicevoice of of of Europe’s Europe’sEurope’s local locallocal AUSTRIA AUSTRIA CROATIA FRANCE FRANCE ICELAND ICELAND LUXEMBOURG LUXEMBOURG SLOVAKIA SLOVAKIA Association of Ukrainian Cities and regional governments federated through AustrianAustrian associations associations CROATIA FrenchFrench Association Association of ofthe the Council Council AssociationAssociation of ofLocal Local Authorities Authorities in in AssociationAssociation of ofLuxembourg Luxembourg Cities Cities AssociationAssociation of ofTowns Towns and and AUCAUC Association of Ukrainian Cities and regional governments federated through We promote the construction of a Austrian associations CROATIA CROATIA French Association of the Council Association of Local Authorities in Association of Luxembourg Cities NORWAY NORWAY NORWAY Association of Towns and AUC AssociationAssociation of 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Europeunited,united, united,founded peaceful peaceful peaceful upon andlocal and and democratic self-democratic democratic MembersMembers: GEMEINDEBUND10: 10 Members: HRVZZ21HRVZZ AFCCRE MembersRegionsMembers : 1,000: 1,000 Members: 72 SAMBANDSAMBAND Members: 102 SYVICOLSYVICOL Regional AuthoritiesNorwegianRegionalRegional Authorities AuthoritiesAssociation Members of Local: 2786 and ZMOSZMOS Staff: 62 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersGEMEINDEBUND: GEMEINDEBUND10: : TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 21 MembersMembers: 1000: 1000AFCCRE TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 72 TypeType of ofMembers Members: Members: : 102 MembersMembers: 439: 439 Regional AuthoritiesType Type of ofMembers Members: : Members : 2786 WebWeb: www.auc.org.ua: www.auc.org.ua Staff: 62 Europe founded upon local self- Members : 10 Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 21 : 21 Members: 1000TypeAFCCREType of ofMembersmembers members: : Type of Members: Type of MembersMembers: Members : 102: 102 KS RegionalKSKS Authorities Type of Members: Members Members: 27862,786: 2,786 Web: www.auc.org.ua StaffStaff: 62: 62 CEMR is the European section of United Cities Europe founded upon local self- StaffStaff: 14Type: 14 of MembersMembers: : 10: 10 StaffStaff: 4: 4 Type of Members: TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 1000 Staff Staff : 28 : 28 Type ofMembers MembersMembers : :72: 72 StaffStaff: 5: 5 Type of Members: Type Type of ofMembers Members: : KS StaffStaff: 29: 29 Type of Members: Web: www.auc.org.ua CEMR is the European section of United Cities governmentEuropeEuropeEurope andfounded founded founded respect upon upon forupon thelocal local local self- self- self- Type of Members: Staff: 4 Type of Members: Staff: 28 Staff: 5 Members: 439 KS Staff: 29 CEMR is the European section of United Cities government and respect for the WebWeb: www.gemeindebund.atStaff: www.gemeindebund.at: 14 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.hrvzz.hr: www.hrvzz.hrStaff:Type 4Type of ofmembersMembers members: : StaffStaff : 11: 11 Type ofStaffMembers MembersStaff: 11: 11: 1000: WebWeb : www.samband.is: www.samband.isTypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.syvicol.lu: www.syvicol.luStaff: 5 TypeType of ofMembersmembers membersStaffStaff: :250 : :250 MembersMembers:Web 439:Web 439: www.zmos.sk: www.zmos.sk Staff: 29 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.auc.org.ua: www.auc.org.ua and Local Governments (UCLG), through which it government and respect for the Staff: 14 Web: www.hrvzz.hr Staff: 11 Web: www.samband.isStaff: 28 Web: www.syvicol.lu Type of MembersMembers: : 439 Web: www.zmos.sk andCEMRCEMRCEMR Local is is is theGovernments thethe European EuropeanEuropean (UCLG), section sectionsection through of of of United United Unitedwhich Cities Citiesit Cities principle of subsidiarity. 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AustrianAustrian association association WebWeb: www.hrvzz.hr: www.hrvzz.hr Staff: 11 WebWeb: www.syvicol.lu: www.syvicol.lu StaffStaff: 250: 250 WebWeb: www.zmos.sk: www.zmos.sk represents European local and regional governments WebWeb: www.gemeindebund.at: https://gemeindebund.at/ Web: www.afccre.org WebWeb: www.samband.is: www.samband.is Staff: 250Type of Members: C3 UNITED KINGDOM andandand Local LocalLocal Governments GovernmentsGovernments (UCLG), (UCLG),(UCLG), through throughthrough which whichwhich it it it principle of subsidiarity. Austrian association represents European local and regional governments of ofCities Cities and and Towns Towns CYPRUS CYPRUS Web: www.afccre.org IRELAND IRELAND MALTA MALTA Web: www.ks.no StaffWebWeb:: www.ks.no250: www.ks.no SLOVENIA SLOVENIA C3LocalLocal Government Government Association Association UNITED UNITED KINGDOM KINGDOM principleprincipleprinciple of of subsidiarity.of subsidiarity. subsidiarity. 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of local and regional AssociationAssociation of oftheBELGIUM the City City CZECH CZECH REPUBLIC REPUBLICWebWeb: www.ucm.org.cy: www.ucm.org.cy Web: www.nala.geStaff: 16WebType Web: ofwww.nala.ge: www.nala.geMembers: Web: StaffStaff: 101: 101 MOLDOVA MOLDOVA WebWeb: www.lca.org.mt: www.lca.org.mtWeb: www.zpp.plStaff: 21 TypeStaffStaff: of21: 21Members: Web: www.zmos.siStaffStaff: 3:Members 3Members: 32: 32 Founded in Association of Municipalities and COSLA AuthoritiesAuthorities toWe make advocate sure their on voice behalf is heard of in Europe,local and shifting regional the andand the Associationthe Municipalities Municipalities ofBELGIUM theBELGIUM City CZECH REPUBLIC Web: www.nala.geStaff: 16 WebWeb: www.lgma.ie: www.lgma.ie MOLDOVA ZMPZMP Web: www.zpp.plStaffWebWeb:: www.zpp.pl21: www.zpp.plTownsTowns of ofSlovenia Slovenia WebWeb: www.zmos.si:Type www.zmos.siType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 32 FoundedFoundedFoundedFounded in in in in ISRAËL ISRAËL Towns of 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This advocacy 1951Founded in GERMANY GERMANY ISRAEL AssociationAssociation of ofPolish Polish Cities Cities AssociationAssociation of ofMunicipalities Municipalities and and TypeType of ofMembers MembersZMP : : Association of PolishMembers MembersCities : 175: SOS175 Towns of SloveniaWeb Web: www.cosla.gov.uk: www.cosla.gov.uk Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 32: 32 governments to make sure their voice is heard in BRULOCALISBRULOCALISof theand Brussels-Capital AssociationtheAssociation Municipalities of Region ofthe the City City of ofthe the CzechUnion Czech Republic of Republic Towns CZECH and CZECH Municipalities REPUBLIC REPUBLIC GERMANY GERMANY GERMANY FederationFederation of ofLocal Local Authorities ISRAEL Authorities in in MoldovaMoldova Congress of Local Authorities MOLDOVA MOLDOVA of Staff: 50 Europe, shifting the focus to local democracy and AssociationZMPZMP of Polish Cities SOS TownsTowns of ofSlovenia Slovenia governmentsgovernmentsgovernments to to tomake make make sure sure sure their their their voice voice voice is is isheard heard heard in in in 1951 MembersMembersBRULOCALIS: of22: 22 theand andBrussels-Capital the the Municipalities Municipalities Region SMOCR SMOCRof theUnion Czech of Republic Towns and MunicipalitiesGermanGerman Association Association GERMANY of ofCEMR CEMR IsraelIsrael Federation of Local Authorities in CALMCALM MoldovaCongress of Local AuthoritiesStaffStaff: 30: 30 ofMembers ZMP: 201 TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 175 Web: www.cosla.gov.ukStaff: 50 Type Type of ofMembersmembers members: : work stands on our member associations’ experience ISRAEL ISRAEL NorthernNorthern Ireland Ireland Local Local Government Government Europe, shifting the focus to local democracy and WebWeb: www.zmp.poznan.pl: www.zmp.poznan.plType of Members: MembersZMPMembers :Staff 201:Staff 201: 7: 7 Type of MembersMembers: : SOS175 SOS Web: www.cosla.gov.ukStaffStaff: 50: 50 autonomy. This advocacy work stands on our member 1951195119511951 TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersBRULOCALISof: of22the: the: Brussels-Capital Brussels-Capital RegionMembers RegionMembers SMOCR : 2734: of2734 the Union CzechUnion of Republic ofTowns Towns and and MunicipalitiesRGRE MunicipalitiesRGRE German AssociationGermanGerman GERMANY ofAssociation AssociationCEMR MASHAM MASHAMof ofCEMR CEMRIsrael Federation of Local Authorities in MembersMembers: CALM800: 800 MoldovaCongress Congress of ofLocal Local Authorities Authorities of Members of : 201 AssociationAssociation Northern Ireland Local Government Europe,Europe,Europe, shifting shifting shifting the the the focus focus focus to to tolocal local local democracy democracy democracy and and and Staff: 30 TypeType of ofMembersmembers WebmembersWeb: www.skupnostobcin.si: www.skupnostobcin.si: : Staff : 7 Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 175 : 175 WebWeb: www.cosla.gov.uk: www.cosla.gov.uk and expertise. 1951 StaffStaff: 30Type: 30Members of MembersBRULOCALISBRULOCALIS: 22 : TypeType of Members ofMembers MembersSMOCR: of:2734 : of the the Czech Czech Republic RepublicMembers Members RGRE: 800: 800German RGRERGRE Association of CEMRMembersMembers MASHAM: 257: 257 Israel FederationFederation of ofLocal Local Authorities AuthoritiesTypeType in of in ofMembers Members: CALM:: 800 MoldovaMoldova Type of MembersMembers: : 201 NILGA NILGA autonomy. This advocacy work stands on our member AssociationNorthern Ireland Local Government associations’ experience and expertise. WebWeb: www.brulocalis.brussels: www.brulocalis.brussels Web: www.zmp.poznan.plStaff: 30 TypeStaffStaff: of30: 30Members: Web : www.skupnostobcin.siStaff: 7 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : autonomy.autonomy.autonomy. This This This advocacy advocacy advocacy work work work stands stands stands on on onour our our member member member 60 StaffType: 30Members ofMembers Members: 22: 22 : StaffStaff: 56:Type 56 Membersof MembersSMOCRSMOSMO: ČR2734 :ČR TypeType of ofMembers MembersRGRE:: 800: MembersGerman Members Association: 800: 800 Type Typeof CEMRof ofMembersMembers Members MASHAM: : :257 Israel Israel StaffStaff: 10: 10Type of MembersCALM:: CALM800 MembersMembers: 11: 11 NILGA Association PORTUGAL PORTUGAL Web: www.zmp.poznan.plWebWeb: www.zmp.poznan.pl: www.zmp.poznan.pl Web: www.skupnostobcin.siStaffStaff: 7: 7 NorthernNorthern Ireland Ireland Local Local Government Government associations’ experience and expertise. WebStaff: www.brulocalis.brusselsType: 30Type of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.smocr.cz:Staff www.smocr.cz:Type 56 MembersofMembers Members: 27342,734: :2,734 StaffStaff: 3: 3Type ofMembers MembersTypeRGREType: 800 :of ofMembersmembers members : Staff: Staff: 60: 60Type ofMembers MembersMASHAMMASHAM: :257 WebWeb: www.calm.md: www.calm.mdStaff: 10Type of MembersMembers:: 800: 800 Staff: 30 TypeType of ofMembers Members: : NILGA 60member associations SPAIN SPAIN WebWeb: www.skupnostobcin.si: www.skupnostobcin.siMembers: 11 AssociationAssociation associations’associations’associations’ experience experience experience and and and expertise. expertise. expertise. WebStaff: www.brulocalis.brusselsStaff: 30: 30 Web:Staff www.smocr.cz:Type 56Type of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb : www.rgre.de: www.rgre.deStaff: 3Type of StaffMembers MembersStaff: 3: 3 : 800: WebWeb : www.masham.org.il: www.masham.org.ilStaff: 60Type of Members: Web: www.calm.mdStaff: 10TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Web: www.zmp.poznan.pl StaffStaff: 9: 9 60 AssociationAssociation of ofFlemish Flemish Cities Cities MembersMembers: 257 : 257 NationalNational Association Association PORTUGAL of ofPortuguese Portuguese SPAIN Type of MembersMembers: : 11NILGA NILGA member606060 associations WebWeb: www.brulocalis.brusselswww.brulocalis.be: www.brulocalis.be Web: www.smocr.cz Web: www.rgre.deStaff: 3 Web: www.masham.org.ilStaff: 60 Web: www.calm.md WebWeb: www.nilga.org: www.nilga.org andand Municipalities AssociationMunicipalities of Flemish Cities StaffStaff: 56: 56 GermanGerman County County Association AssociationWebTypeWeb: ofwww.rgre.de: www.rgre.deMembers : TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : StaffStaff: 10: 10 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities SpanishSpanish Federation Federation of of Staff: 9 Type of Members: Providing a forum for exchange 60 DENMARK DENMARK MONTENEGRO MONTENEGRO PORTUGAL PORTUGAL PORTUGAL SPAIN MembersMembers: 11: 11 membermembermembermember associations associations associations associations VVSGVVSGand Municipalities WebWeb: www.smocr.cz: www.smocr.czDLTDLT GermanWeb County: www.rgre.deStaff Association: 3 Web: www.masham.org.ilStaffStaff: 60: 60 WebWeb: www.calm.md: www.calm.mdANMPANMP MunicipalitiesMunicipalitiesSpanish and and Provinces FederationProvinces of Web: www.nilga.orgStaff: 9 Providing a forum for exchange Association of Flemish Cities DENMARK GermanGerman County County Association Association ITALY ITALY MONTENEGRO National Association of PORTUGAL Portuguese SPAIN SPAINWelshWelsh Local Local Government Government TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : member associations MembersMembersVVSG: and308: 308 Municipalities MembersMembersDLT: 13: 13 Web: www.rgre.de WebWeb: www.masham.org.il: www.masham.org.il MembersMembers: 308Municipalities: 308 FEMPFEMP Municipalities and ProvincesAssociation Association Web: www.nilga.orgStaffStaff: 9: 9 Providing a forum for exchange AssociationAssociation of ofFlemish Flemish CitiesDanish CitiesDanish Regions Regions GermanDLTDLT County Association ITALY UnionUnion of ofMunicipalities Municipalities of of National NationalAssociationNational Association Association of Portuguese of ofPortuguese PortugueseSpanish Federation of Welsh Local Government Through our large network, we facilitate exchanges 41 TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersVVSG: 308: : REGIONERREGIONER DENMARK TypeType of ofMembers Members:: 13: MontenegroMontenegro MONTENEGRO TypeType of ofMembers MembersANMP: : MembersMembers: 7366: FEMP7366 WLGAWLGA andand Municipalities Municipalities Danish Regions DLT MembersGermanMembers County: 13: 13 AssociationCEMRCEMR Italian Italian section section Union of Municipalities of MunicipalitiesNationalMunicipalitiesMunicipalities Association of PortugueseMunicipalities SpanishSpanish and FederationProvinces Federation Association of of Welsh LocalWeb GovernmentWeb: www.nilga.org: www.nilga.org ProvidingProvidingProviding a a aforum forum forum for for for exchange exchange exchange StaffStaff: 130Type: 130 of Members: DENMARK DENMARK StaffStaff: 25: 25Type of Members: ITALY UOMUOM MONTENEGRO MONTENEGROStaffStaff: 24: 24 TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 7366 Through our large network, we facilitate exchanges 41countries MembersVVSGVVSG: 308 MembersMembersREGIONER: 5: 5 MembersDLT: 13 AICCREAICCRECEMR Italian section Montenegro MembersANMP: 308 MunicipalitiesANMPANMP FEMP MunicipalitiesMunicipalitiesMembersMembers and: and28: 28 ProvincesWLGA Provinces Association and feed the debate between towns and regions, their WebWeb: www.vvsg.beStaff: www.vvsg.be: 130 Danish Regions WebWeb: www.landkreistag.de: www.landkreistag.deTypeType of ofmembersMembers members: : Union of MunicipalitiesWebWeb of: www.anmp.pt: www.anmp.pt StaffStaff: 119: 119 WelshWelsh Local Local Government Government Type of Members: TypeType of Members ofMembers Members: :5 : Staff: 25Type of Members: MembersMembersAICCRE: 2200: 2200 ITALY ITALY MembersMembers: UOM23: 23 Type of MembersMembers: : 308 Type of MembersMembers: : FEMP7366 FEMP Type Type of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 28 andThrough feed ourthe largedebate network, between we townsfacilitate and exchanges regions, countries41 Web: www.vvsg.beMembersMembers: 308: 308 REGIONERDanishDanish Regions Regions MembersStaffStaff: 25: 25: 13 CEMR Italian section MontenegroUnionUnion of ofMunicipalities Municipalities of of MembersANMPMembers:Web 308:Web 308: www.femp.es: www.femp.es WLGA AssociationAssociation associations, partners and stakeholders. We allow them 414141 Staff: 130 StaffStaff: 170:Type 170 of Members: AssociationAssociationWeb of: www.landkreistag.de Staff ofGerman German: 25 Cities Cities TypeType of ofMembers Members: : TypeType of ofMembers Members: :: 23 Staff: 24 Type of Members: Staff: 119 Type of MembersStaff: Staff: 56: 56 Type of Members: TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Members: 5 TypeWebWeb: ofwww.landkreistag.de: www.landkreistag.deMembers: MembersAICCRE: 2200 UOM MembersTypeType of ofMembersmembers :members 308 : : MembersMembers: 73667,366 : 7,366 Members: 28 andThroughThroughThrough feed our theour our large debatelarge large network, network, network,between we we we townsfacilitate facilitate facilitate and exchanges exchanges regions,exchanges countries41 UnionUnion of ofcitiesWeb cities : www.vvsg.be WebWeb: www.regioner.dk: www.regioner.dkREGIONERREGIONER DSTDST StaffStaff : 9: 9 CEMRItalianItalian Italian Association Association section of ofCEMR CEMR Staff Staff: 11: 11 MontenegroMontenegro Web: www.anmp.pt AssociationAssociation Webof ofBasque :Basque www.femp.es WebWeb: www.wlga.gov.uk: www.wlga.gov.uk WLGAWLGA their associations, partners and stakeholders. 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TypeType of ofMembers MembersUnionUnion: : of ofcitiesCities Cities and and LocalWeb GovernmentWeb: www.regioner.dk: www.regioner.dk DenmarkWeb Web: www.staedtetag.de: www.staedtetag.deMembersDST: 3400 KOSOVO KOSOVO StaffStaff: 9: 9 StaffStaff: 11: 11 UNCJRUNCJR TypeType of ofMembers Members: : AssociationAssociation of ofBasque Basque WebWeb: www.wlga.gov.uk: www.wlga.gov.uk MembersUVCW: 262 TypeType of ofMembers Members: : Staff: 120 TypeType of ofmembersMembers members: : ROMANIA ROMANIA ROMANIA Members:EUDEL 256 themthemthem to to cooperateto cooperate cooperate on on onissues issues issues that that that affect affect affect the the the day-to-day day-to-dayday-to-day localgovernments100,000 and regional StaffStaff: 60: 60 andMunicipalitiesMunicipalities municipalities of ofWallonia ofWallonia Wallonia MembersKL : 98 Type of Members: WebWeb: www.aiccre.it: www.aiccre.it NETHERLANDSWebWeb: www.uom.me: www.uom.me National Union of County CouncilsStaff:Staff: 19 19 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities lives of Europeans. Type of Members: StaffStaff: 400: 400 LocalLocal Government Government Denmark DenmarkGermanGerman Web Association Association: www.staedtetag.de StaffMembersof Staff ofTowns Towns: 120: 120 and: 3400 and KOSOVO AssociationAssociation of ofProvinces Provinces of ofthe the MembersMembers: 41: 41 Type of Members: 100,000100,000100,000 WebWeb: www.uvcw.be: www.uvcw.beMembersUVCWUVCW: 262 Type of Members: Staff: 120 AssociationAssociation of ofKosovo Kosovo of Romania ROMANIAWebWeb: www.eudel.eus: www.eudel.eusMembers: 256 governmentslocal100,000 and regional Staff: 60 WebWeb: www.kl.dk: www.kl.dkMembers: 98 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities WebTypeWeb: ofwww.staedtetag.de: www.staedtetag.deMembers: NetherlandsNetherlands TypeType of ofMembers Members: : National Union of County CouncilsStaff: 19 EUDELEUDEL livesliveslives of of Europeans.of Europeans. Europeans. 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AND :AND www.uvcw.be MembersMembers : 17: 17 German Web Association: www.staedtetag.de of TownsMembersMembers and : 34: 34 Association of Kosovo MembersMembers: 12: 12 Association of Provinces of the ofUNCJR UNCJRRomania governmentsgovernmentsgovernments ESTONIA ESTONIA TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : DStGB MunicipalitiesMunicipalities AKK IPO Type of Members: SWEDEN SWEDEN Web: www.eudel.eusStaff:Staff: 19 19 governments StaffStaff: 60: 60 Web: www.kl.dk TypeType of ofMembers MembersMunicipalities: : TypeType of ofMembers MembersMunicipalities: : TypeType of ofMembers Members: Netherlands: Members: 41 16 HERZEGOVINAHERZEGOVINA StaffStaff: 400: 400 Members: 17DStGBGerman DStGB Association of Towns and Members: 12 AssociationAssociation ofRomanian ofRomanianProvinces Provinces MunicipalitiesStaff Municipalitiesof of:the 12 the MembersUNCJRMembers: 41: 41 •Making Governance, a democracy difference and citizenship in 5 areas BOSNIAWebWeb :AND www.uvcw.be: www.uvcw.be StaffStaff: 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StaffTypeStaff: of16: 16Members : WebWeb: www.skgo.org: www.skgo.org The CouncilCouncil ofof EuropeanEuropean MunicipalitiesMunicipalities andand WebWeb: www.aam.org.al: www.aam.org.al Web: www.namrb.org Staff: 16 Staff: 16 The Council of European Municipalities and OurOur mission mission WebWeb: www.namrb.org: www.namrb.org Web: www.zels.org.mkStaffWebWeb:: www.zels.org.mk16: www.zels.org.mk UKRAINE UKRAINE UKRAINE RegionsTheThe CouncilCouncil is the ofunitedof EuropeanEuropean voice of MunicipalitiesMunicipalities Europe’s local and and Our mission AUSTRIA AUSTRIA FRANCE FRANCE ICELAND ICELAND LUXEMBURG LUXEMBURG Web: www.zels.org.mk SLOVAKIA SLOVAKIA UKRAINE Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local OurOur mission mission AUSTRIA FRANCE ICELAND LUXEMBOURG Web: www.zels.org.mk SLOVAKIA UKRAINE UKRAINE Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local AUSTRIA CROATIA CROATIA FRANCE ICELAND LUXEMBOURG NORWAY NORWAY SLOVAKIA AssociationAssociation of ofUkrainian Ukrainian Cities Cities 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Europeunited,united, founded peaceful peaceful upon andlocal and democratic self-democratic MembersMembers: GEMEINDEBUND10: 10 Members: HRVZZ21HRVZZ AFCCRE MembersRegionsMembers : 1,000: 1,000 Members: 72 SAMBANDSAMBAND Members: 102 SYVICOLSYVICOL Regional AuthoritiesNorwegianRegionalRegional Authorities AuthoritiesAssociation Members of Local: 2786 and ZMOSZMOS Staff: 62 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersGEMEINDEBUND: GEMEINDEBUND10: : TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 21 MembersMembers: 1000: 1000AFCCRE TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 72 TypeType of ofMembers Members: Members: : 102 MembersMembers: 439: 439 Regional AuthoritiesType Type of ofMembers Members: : Members : 2786 WebWeb: www.auc.org.ua: www.auc.org.ua Staff: 62 Europe founded upon local self- Members : 10 Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 21 : 21 Members: 1000TypeAFCCREType of ofMembersmembers members: : Type of Members: Type of MembersMembers: Members : 102: 102 KS RegionalKSKS Authorities Type of Members: Members Members: 27862,786: 2,786 Web: www.auc.org.ua StaffStaff: 62: 62 CEMR is the European section of United Cities Europe founded upon local self- StaffStaff: 14Type: 14 of MembersMembers: : 10: 10 StaffStaff: 4: 4 Type of Members: TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 1000 Staff Staff : 28 : 28 Type ofMembers MembersMembers : :72: 72 StaffStaff: 5: 5 Type of Members: Type Type of ofMembers Members: : KS StaffStaff: 29: 29 Type of Members: Web: www.auc.org.ua CEMR is the European section of United Cities governmentEuropeEurope andfounded founded respect upon upon for thelocal local self- self- Type of Members: Staff: 4 Type of Members: Staff: 28 Staff: 5 Members: 439 KS Staff: 29 CEMR is the European section of United Cities government and respect for the WebWeb: www.gemeindebund.atStaff: www.gemeindebund.at: 14 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.hrvzz.hr: www.hrvzz.hrStaff:Type 4Type of ofmembersMembers members: : StaffStaff : 11: 11 Type ofStaffMembers MembersStaff: 11: 11: 1000: WebWeb : www.samband.is: www.samband.isTypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.syvicol.lu: www.syvicol.luStaff: 5 TypeType of ofMembersmembers membersStaffStaff: :250 : :250 MembersMembers:Web 439:Web 439: www.zmos.sk: www.zmos.sk Staff: 29 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.auc.org.ua: www.auc.org.ua and Local Governments (UCLG), through which it government and respect for the Staff: 14 Web: www.hrvzz.hr Staff: 11 Web: www.samband.isStaff: 28 Web: www.syvicol.lu Type of MembersMembers: : 439 Web: www.zmos.sk andCEMRCEMR Local isis theGovernmentsthe EuropeanEuropean (UCLG), sectionsection through ofof UnitedUnited which Cities Citiesit principle of subsidiarity. 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This advocacy 1951Founded in GERMANY GERMANY ISRAEL AssociationAssociation of ofPolish Polish Cities Cities AssociationAssociation of ofMunicipalities Municipalities and and TypeType of ofMembers MembersZMP : : Association of PolishMembers MembersCities : 175: SOS175 Towns of SloveniaWeb Web: www.cosla.gov.uk: www.cosla.gov.uk Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 32: 32 governments to make sure their voice is heard in BRULOCALISBRULOCALISof theand Brussels-Capital AssociationtheAssociation Municipalities of Region ofthe the City City of ofthe the CzechUnion Czech Republic of Republic Towns CZECH and CZECH Municipalities REPUBLIC REPUBLIC GERMANY GERMANY GERMANY FederationFederation of ofLocal Local Authorities ISRAEL Authorities in in MoldovaMoldova Congress of Local Authorities MOLDOVA MOLDOVA of Staff: 50 Europe, shifting the focus to local democracy and AssociationZMPZMP of Polish Cities SOS TownsTowns of ofSlovenia Slovenia governmentsgovernments to to make make sure sure their their voice voice is is heard heard in in 1951 MembersMembersBRULOCALIS: of22: 22 theand andBrussels-Capital the the Municipalities Municipalities Region SMOCR SMOCRof theUnion Czech of Republic Towns and MunicipalitiesGermanGerman Association Association GERMANY of ofCEMR CEMR IsraelIsrael Federation of Local Authorities in CALMCALM MoldovaCongress of Local AuthoritiesStaffStaff: 30: 30 ofMembers ZMP: 201 TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 175 Web: www.cosla.gov.ukStaff: 50 Type Type of ofMembersmembers members: : work stands on our member associations’ experience ISRAEL ISRAEL NorthernNorthern Ireland Ireland Local Local Government Government Europe, shifting the focus to local democracy and WebWeb: www.zmp.poznan.pl: www.zmp.poznan.plType of Members: MembersZMPMembers :Staff 201:Staff 201: 7: 7 Type of MembersMembers: : SOS175 SOS Web: www.cosla.gov.ukStaffStaff: 50: 50 autonomy. This advocacy work stands on our member 195119511951 TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersBRULOCALISof: of22the: the: Brussels-Capital Brussels-Capital RegionMembers RegionMembers SMOCR : 2734: of2734 the Union CzechUnion of Republic ofTowns Towns and and MunicipalitiesRGRE MunicipalitiesRGRE German AssociationGermanGerman GERMANY ofAssociation AssociationCEMR MASHAM MASHAMof ofCEMR CEMRIsrael Federation of Local Authorities in MembersMembers: CALM800: 800 MoldovaCongress Congress of ofLocal Local Authorities Authorities of Members of : 201 AssociationAssociation Northern Ireland Local Government Europe,Europe, shifting shifting the the focus focus to to local local democracy democracy and and Staff: 30 TypeType of ofMembersmembers WebmembersWeb: www.skupnostobcin.si: www.skupnostobcin.si: : Staff : 7 Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 175 : 175 WebWeb: www.cosla.gov.uk: www.cosla.gov.uk and expertise. 1951 StaffStaff: 30Type: 30Members of MembersBRULOCALISBRULOCALIS: 22 : TypeType of Members ofMembers MembersSMOCR: of:2734 : of the the Czech Czech Republic RepublicMembers Members RGRE: 800: 800German RGRERGRE Association of CEMRMembersMembers MASHAM: 257: 257 Israel FederationFederation of ofLocal Local Authorities AuthoritiesTypeType in of in ofMembers Members: CALM:: 800 MoldovaMoldova Type of MembersMembers: : 201 NILGA NILGA autonomy. This advocacy work stands on our member AssociationNorthern Ireland Local Government associations’ experience and expertise. WebWeb: www.brulocalis.brussels: www.brulocalis.brussels Web: www.zmp.poznan.plStaff: 30 TypeStaffStaff: of30: 30Members: Web : www.skupnostobcin.siStaff: 7 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : autonomy.autonomy. 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WebStaff: www.brulocalis.brusselsStaff: 30: 30 Web:Staff www.smocr.cz:Type 56Type of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb : www.rgre.de: www.rgre.deStaff: 3Type of StaffMembers MembersStaff: 3: 3 : 800: WebWeb : www.masham.org.il: www.masham.org.ilStaff: 60Type of Members: Web: www.calm.mdStaff: 10TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Web: www.zmp.poznan.pl StaffStaff: 9: 9 60 AssociationAssociation of ofFlemish Flemish Cities Cities MembersMembers: 257 : 257 NationalNational Association Association PORTUGAL of ofPortuguese Portuguese SPAIN Type of MembersMembers: : 11NILGA NILGA member6060 associations WebWeb: www.brulocalis.brusselswww.brulocalis.be: www.brulocalis.be Web: www.smocr.cz Web: www.rgre.deStaff: 3 Web: www.masham.org.ilStaff: 60 Web: www.calm.md WebWeb: www.nilga.org: www.nilga.org andand Municipalities AssociationMunicipalities of Flemish Cities StaffStaff: 56: 56 GermanGerman County County Association AssociationWebTypeWeb: ofwww.rgre.de: www.rgre.deMembers : TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : StaffStaff: 10: 10 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities SpanishSpanish Federation Federation of of Staff: 9 Type of Members: Providing a forum for exchange 60 DENMARK DENMARK MONTENEGRO MONTENEGRO PORTUGAL PORTUGAL PORTUGAL SPAIN MembersMembers: 11: 11 membermembermember associations associations associations VVSGVVSGand Municipalities WebWeb: www.smocr.cz: www.smocr.czDLTDLT GermanWeb County: www.rgre.deStaff Association: 3 Web: www.masham.org.ilStaffStaff: 60: 60 WebWeb: www.calm.md: www.calm.mdANMPANMP MunicipalitiesMunicipalitiesSpanish and and Provinces FederationProvinces of Web: www.nilga.orgStaff: 9 Providing a forum for exchange Association of Flemish Cities DENMARK GermanGerman County County Association Association ITALY ITALY MONTENEGRO National Association of PORTUGAL Portuguese SPAIN SPAINWelshWelsh Local Local Government Government TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : member associations MembersMembersVVSG: and308: 308 Municipalities MembersMembersDLT: 13: 13 Web: www.rgre.de WebWeb: www.masham.org.il: www.masham.org.il MembersMembers: 308Municipalities: 308 FEMPFEMP Municipalities and ProvincesAssociation Association Web: www.nilga.orgStaffStaff: 9: 9 Providing a forum for exchange AssociationAssociation of ofFlemish Flemish CitiesDanish CitiesDanish Regions Regions GermanDLTDLT County Association ITALY UnionUnion of ofMunicipalities Municipalities of of National NationalAssociationNational Association Association of Portuguese of ofPortuguese PortugueseSpanish Federation of Welsh Local Government Through our large network, we facilitate exchanges 41 TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersVVSG: 308: : REGIONERREGIONER DENMARK TypeType of ofMembers Members:: 13: MontenegroMontenegro MONTENEGRO TypeType of ofMembers MembersANMP: : MembersMembers: 7366: FEMP7366 WLGAWLGA andand Municipalities Municipalities Danish Regions DLT MembersGermanMembers County: 13: 13 AssociationCEMRCEMR Italian Italian section section Union of Municipalities of MunicipalitiesNationalMunicipalitiesMunicipalities Association of PortugueseMunicipalities SpanishSpanish and FederationProvinces Federation Association of of Welsh LocalWeb GovernmentWeb: www.nilga.org: www.nilga.org ProvidingProviding a a forum forum for for exchange exchange StaffStaff: 130Type: 130 of Members: DENMARK DENMARK StaffStaff: 25: 25Type of Members: ITALY UOMUOM MONTENEGRO MONTENEGROStaffStaff: 24: 24 TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 7366 Through our large network, we facilitate exchanges 41countries MembersVVSGVVSG: 308 MembersMembersREGIONER: 5: 5 MembersDLT: 13 AICCREAICCRECEMR Italian section Montenegro MembersANMP: 308 MunicipalitiesANMPANMP FEMP MunicipalitiesMunicipalitiesMembersMembers and: and28: 28 ProvincesWLGA Provinces Association and feed the debate between towns and regions, their WebWeb: www.vvsg.beStaff: www.vvsg.be: 130 Danish Regions WebWeb: www.landkreistag.de: www.landkreistag.deTypeType of ofmembersMembers members: : Union of MunicipalitiesWebWeb of: www.anmp.pt: www.anmp.pt StaffStaff: 119: 119 WelshWelsh Local Local Government Government Type of Members: TypeType of Members ofMembers Members: :5 : Staff: 25Type of Members: MembersMembersAICCRE: 2200: 2200 ITALY ITALY MembersMembers: UOM23: 23 Type of MembersMembers: : 308 Type of MembersMembers: : FEMP7366 FEMP Type Type of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 28 andThrough feed ourthe largedebate network, between we townsfacilitate and exchanges regions, countries41 Web: www.vvsg.beMembersMembers: 308: 308 REGIONERDanishDanish Regions Regions MembersStaffStaff: 25: 25: 13 CEMR Italian section MontenegroUnionUnion of ofMunicipalities Municipalities of of MembersANMPMembers:Web 308:Web 308: www.femp.es: www.femp.es WLGA AssociationAssociation associations, partners and stakeholders. 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StaffTypeStaff: of16: 16Members : WebWeb: www.skgo.org: www.skgo.org The CouncilCouncil ofof EuropeanEuropean MunicipalitiesMunicipalities andand WebWeb: www.aam.org.al: www.aam.org.al Web: www.namrb.org Staff: 16 Staff: 16 The Council of European Municipalities and OurOur mission mission WebWeb: www.namrb.org: www.namrb.org Web: www.zels.org.mkStaffWebWeb:: www.zels.org.mk16: www.zels.org.mk UKRAINE UKRAINE UKRAINE RegionsTheThe CouncilCouncil is the ofunitedof EuropeanEuropean voice of MunicipalitiesMunicipalities Europe’s local and and Our mission AUSTRIA AUSTRIA FRANCE FRANCE ICELAND ICELAND LUXEMBURG LUXEMBURG Web: www.zels.org.mk SLOVAKIA SLOVAKIA UKRAINE Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local OurOur mission mission AUSTRIA FRANCE ICELAND LUXEMBOURG Web: www.zels.org.mk SLOVAKIA UKRAINE UKRAINE Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local AUSTRIA CROATIA CROATIA FRANCE ICELAND LUXEMBOURG NORWAY NORWAY SLOVAKIA AssociationAssociation of ofUkrainian Ukrainian Cities Cities 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ofMunicipalities MunicipalitiesAustrian associations CroatianCroatian County County Association Association of ofEuropean European MunicipalitiesFrench Municipalities Association and and of theIceland CouncilIceland Association of Local Authorities in andand Municipalities MunicipalitiesAssociation of LuxembourgNorwegianNorwegian Cities Association Association of NORWAY ofLocal Local and and CommunitiesCommunities of ofSlovakia SlovakiaAssociation of TownsMembersMembers and : 742: 742 AUC 60 nationalandand regionalregional associations. governmentsgovernments federatedfederated throughthrough We promote the construction of a of Municipalities Croatian County Association of EuropeanFrench MunicipalitiesFrench Association Association and of oftheCEMR CEMR CouncilIceland AssociationAssociation of ofLocal Local Authorities Authorities in in and MunicipalitiesAssociation Association of ofLuxembourg Luxembourg Cities Cities NORWAY Communities of SlovakiaAssociationAssociation of ofTowns 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Europeunited,united, founded peaceful peaceful upon andlocal and democratic self-democratic MembersMembers: GEMEINDEBUND10: 10 Members: HRVZZ21HRVZZ AFCCRE MembersRegionsMembers : 1,000: 1,000 Members: 72 SAMBANDSAMBAND Members: 102 SYVICOLSYVICOL Regional AuthoritiesNorwegianRegionalRegional Authorities AuthoritiesAssociation Members of Local: 2786 and ZMOSZMOS Staff: 62 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersGEMEINDEBUND: GEMEINDEBUND10: : TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 21 MembersMembers: 1000: 1000AFCCRE TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 72 TypeType of ofMembers Members: Members: : 102 MembersMembers: 439: 439 Regional AuthoritiesType Type of ofMembers Members: : Members : 2786 WebWeb: www.auc.org.ua: www.auc.org.ua Staff: 62 Europe founded upon local self- Members : 10 Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 21 : 21 Members: 1000TypeAFCCREType of ofMembersmembers members: : Type of Members: Type of MembersMembers: Members : 102: 102 KS RegionalKSKS Authorities Type of Members: Members Members: 27862,786: 2,786 Web: www.auc.org.ua StaffStaff: 62: 62 CEMR is the European section of United Cities Europe founded upon local self- StaffStaff: 14Type: 14 of MembersMembers: : 10: 10 StaffStaff: 4: 4 Type of Members: TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 1000 Staff Staff : 28 : 28 Type ofMembers MembersMembers : :72: 72 StaffStaff: 5: 5 Type of Members: Type Type of ofMembers Members: : KS StaffStaff: 29: 29 Type of Members: Web: www.auc.org.ua CEMR is the European section of United Cities governmentEuropeEurope andfounded founded respect upon upon for thelocal local self- self- Type of Members: Staff: 4 Type of Members: Staff: 28 Staff: 5 Members: 439 KS Staff: 29 CEMR is the European section of United Cities government and respect for the WebWeb: www.gemeindebund.atStaff: www.gemeindebund.at: 14 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.hrvzz.hr: www.hrvzz.hrStaff:Type 4Type of ofmembersMembers members: : StaffStaff : 11: 11 Type ofStaffMembers MembersStaff: 11: 11: 1000: WebWeb : www.samband.is: www.samband.isTypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.syvicol.lu: www.syvicol.luStaff: 5 TypeType of ofMembersmembers membersStaffStaff: :250 : :250 MembersMembers:Web 439:Web 439: www.zmos.sk: www.zmos.sk Staff: 29 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb: www.auc.org.ua: www.auc.org.ua and Local Governments (UCLG), through which it government and respect for the Staff: 14 Web: www.hrvzz.hr Staff: 11 Web: www.samband.isStaff: 28 Web: www.syvicol.lu Type of MembersMembers: : 439 Web: www.zmos.sk andCEMRCEMR Local isis theGovernmentsthe EuropeanEuropean (UCLG), sectionsection through ofof UnitedUnited which Cities Citiesit principle of subsidiarity. 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This advocacy 1951Founded in GERMANY GERMANY ISRAEL AssociationAssociation of ofPolish Polish Cities Cities AssociationAssociation of ofMunicipalities Municipalities and and TypeType of ofMembers MembersZMP : : Association of PolishMembers MembersCities : 175: SOS175 Towns of SloveniaWeb Web: www.cosla.gov.uk: www.cosla.gov.uk Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 32: 32 governments to make sure their voice is heard in BRULOCALISBRULOCALISof theand Brussels-Capital AssociationtheAssociation Municipalities of Region ofthe the City City of ofthe the CzechUnion Czech Republic of Republic Towns CZECH and CZECH Municipalities REPUBLIC REPUBLIC GERMANY GERMANY GERMANY FederationFederation of ofLocal Local Authorities ISRAEL Authorities in in MoldovaMoldova Congress of Local Authorities MOLDOVA MOLDOVA of Staff: 50 Europe, shifting the focus to local democracy and AssociationZMPZMP of Polish Cities SOS TownsTowns of ofSlovenia Slovenia governmentsgovernments to to make make sure sure their their voice voice is is heard heard in in 1951 MembersMembersBRULOCALIS: of22: 22 theand andBrussels-Capital the the Municipalities Municipalities Region SMOCR SMOCRof theUnion Czech of Republic Towns and MunicipalitiesGermanGerman Association Association GERMANY of ofCEMR CEMR IsraelIsrael Federation of Local Authorities in CALMCALM MoldovaCongress of Local AuthoritiesStaffStaff: 30: 30 ofMembers ZMP: 201 TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 175 Web: www.cosla.gov.ukStaff: 50 Type Type of ofMembersmembers members: : work stands on our member associations’ experience ISRAEL ISRAEL NorthernNorthern Ireland Ireland Local Local Government Government Europe, shifting the focus to local democracy and WebWeb: www.zmp.poznan.pl: www.zmp.poznan.plType of Members: MembersZMPMembers :Staff 201:Staff 201: 7: 7 Type of MembersMembers: : SOS175 SOS Web: www.cosla.gov.ukStaffStaff: 50: 50 autonomy. This advocacy work stands on our member 195119511951 TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersBRULOCALISof: of22the: the: Brussels-Capital Brussels-Capital RegionMembers RegionMembers SMOCR : 2734: of2734 the Union CzechUnion of Republic ofTowns Towns and and MunicipalitiesRGRE MunicipalitiesRGRE German AssociationGermanGerman GERMANY ofAssociation AssociationCEMR MASHAM MASHAMof ofCEMR CEMRIsrael Federation of Local Authorities in MembersMembers: CALM800: 800 MoldovaCongress Congress of ofLocal Local Authorities Authorities of Members of : 201 AssociationAssociation Northern Ireland Local Government Europe,Europe, shifting shifting the the focus focus to to local local democracy democracy and and Staff: 30 TypeType of ofMembersmembers WebmembersWeb: www.skupnostobcin.si: www.skupnostobcin.si: : Staff : 7 Type of MembersMembersMembers: : 175 : 175 WebWeb: www.cosla.gov.uk: www.cosla.gov.uk and expertise. 1951 StaffStaff: 30Type: 30Members of MembersBRULOCALISBRULOCALIS: 22 : TypeType of Members ofMembers MembersSMOCR: of:2734 : of the the Czech Czech Republic RepublicMembers Members RGRE: 800: 800German RGRERGRE Association of CEMRMembersMembers MASHAM: 257: 257 Israel FederationFederation of ofLocal Local Authorities AuthoritiesTypeType in of in ofMembers Members: CALM:: 800 MoldovaMoldova Type of MembersMembers: : 201 NILGA NILGA autonomy. This advocacy work stands on our member AssociationNorthern Ireland Local Government associations’ experience and expertise. WebWeb: www.brulocalis.brussels: www.brulocalis.brussels Web: www.zmp.poznan.plStaff: 30 TypeStaffStaff: of30: 30Members: Web : www.skupnostobcin.siStaff: 7 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : autonomy.autonomy. This This advocacy advocacy work work stands stands on on our our member member 60 StaffType: 30Members ofMembers Members: 22: 22 : StaffStaff: 56:Type 56 Membersof MembersSMOCRSMOSMO: ČR2734 :ČR TypeType of ofMembers MembersRGRE:: 800: MembersGerman Members Association: 800: 800 Type Typeof CEMRof ofMembersMembers Members MASHAM: : :257 Israel Israel StaffStaff: 10: 10Type of MembersCALM:: CALM800 MembersMembers: 11: 11 NILGA Association PORTUGAL PORTUGAL Web: www.zmp.poznan.plWebWeb: www.zmp.poznan.pl: www.zmp.poznan.pl Web: www.skupnostobcin.siStaffStaff: 7: 7 NorthernNorthern Ireland Ireland Local Local Government Government associations’ experience and expertise. 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WebStaff: www.brulocalis.brusselsStaff: 30: 30 Web:Staff www.smocr.cz:Type 56Type of ofMembersmembers members: : WebWeb : www.rgre.de: www.rgre.deStaff: 3Type of StaffMembers MembersStaff: 3: 3 : 800: WebWeb : www.masham.org.il: www.masham.org.ilStaff: 60Type of Members: Web: www.calm.mdStaff: 10TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Web: www.zmp.poznan.pl StaffStaff: 9: 9 60 AssociationAssociation of ofFlemish Flemish Cities Cities MembersMembers: 257 : 257 NationalNational Association Association PORTUGAL of ofPortuguese Portuguese SPAIN Type of MembersMembers: : 11NILGA NILGA member6060 associations WebWeb: www.brulocalis.brusselswww.brulocalis.be: www.brulocalis.be Web: www.smocr.cz Web: www.rgre.deStaff: 3 Web: www.masham.org.ilStaff: 60 Web: www.calm.md WebWeb: www.nilga.org: www.nilga.org andand Municipalities AssociationMunicipalities of Flemish Cities StaffStaff: 56: 56 GermanGerman County County Association AssociationWebTypeWeb: ofwww.rgre.de: www.rgre.deMembers : TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : StaffStaff: 10: 10 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities SpanishSpanish Federation Federation of of Staff: 9 Type of Members: Providing a forum for exchange 60 DENMARK DENMARK MONTENEGRO MONTENEGRO PORTUGAL PORTUGAL PORTUGAL SPAIN MembersMembers: 11: 11 membermembermember associations associations associations VVSGVVSGand Municipalities WebWeb: www.smocr.cz: www.smocr.czDLTDLT GermanWeb County: www.rgre.deStaff Association: 3 Web: www.masham.org.ilStaffStaff: 60: 60 WebWeb: www.calm.md: www.calm.mdANMPANMP MunicipalitiesMunicipalitiesSpanish and and Provinces FederationProvinces of Web: www.nilga.orgStaff: 9 Providing a forum for exchange Association of Flemish Cities DENMARK GermanGerman County County Association Association ITALY ITALY MONTENEGRO National Association of PORTUGAL Portuguese SPAIN SPAINWelshWelsh Local Local Government Government TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : member associations MembersMembersVVSG: and308: 308 Municipalities MembersMembersDLT: 13: 13 Web: www.rgre.de WebWeb: www.masham.org.il: www.masham.org.il MembersMembers: 308Municipalities: 308 FEMPFEMP Municipalities and ProvincesAssociation Association Web: www.nilga.orgStaffStaff: 9: 9 Providing a forum for exchange AssociationAssociation of ofFlemish Flemish CitiesDanish CitiesDanish Regions Regions GermanDLTDLT County Association ITALY UnionUnion of ofMunicipalities Municipalities of of National NationalAssociationNational Association Association of Portuguese of ofPortuguese PortugueseSpanish Federation of Welsh Local Government Through our large network, we facilitate exchanges 41 TypeType ofMembers ofMembers MembersVVSG: 308: : REGIONERREGIONER DENMARK TypeType of ofMembers Members:: 13: MontenegroMontenegro MONTENEGRO TypeType of ofMembers MembersANMP: : MembersMembers: 7366: FEMP7366 WLGAWLGA andand Municipalities Municipalities Danish Regions DLT MembersGermanMembers County: 13: 13 AssociationCEMRCEMR Italian Italian section section Union of Municipalities of MunicipalitiesNationalMunicipalitiesMunicipalities Association of PortugueseMunicipalities SpanishSpanish and FederationProvinces Federation Association of of Welsh LocalWeb GovernmentWeb: www.nilga.org: www.nilga.org ProvidingProviding a a forum forum for for exchange exchange StaffStaff: 130Type: 130 of Members: DENMARK DENMARK StaffStaff: 25: 25Type of Members: ITALY UOMUOM MONTENEGRO MONTENEGROStaffStaff: 24: 24 TypeType of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 7366 Through our large network, we facilitate exchanges 41countries MembersVVSGVVSG: 308 MembersMembersREGIONER: 5: 5 MembersDLT: 13 AICCREAICCRECEMR Italian section Montenegro MembersANMP: 308 MunicipalitiesANMPANMP FEMP MunicipalitiesMunicipalitiesMembersMembers and: and28: 28 ProvincesWLGA Provinces Association and feed the debate between towns and regions, their WebWeb: www.vvsg.beStaff: www.vvsg.be: 130 Danish Regions WebWeb: www.landkreistag.de: www.landkreistag.deTypeType of ofmembersMembers members: : Union of MunicipalitiesWebWeb of: www.anmp.pt: www.anmp.pt StaffStaff: 119: 119 WelshWelsh Local Local Government Government Type of Members: TypeType of Members ofMembers Members: :5 : Staff: 25Type of Members: MembersMembersAICCRE: 2200: 2200 ITALY ITALY MembersMembers: UOM23: 23 Type of MembersMembers: : 308 Type of MembersMembers: : FEMP7366 FEMP Type Type of ofMembers MembersMembers: : : 28 andThrough feed ourthe largedebate network, between we townsfacilitate and exchanges regions, countries41 Web: www.vvsg.beMembersMembers: 308: 308 REGIONERDanishDanish Regions Regions MembersStaffStaff: 25: 25: 13 CEMR Italian section MontenegroUnionUnion of ofMunicipalities Municipalities of of MembersANMPMembers:Web 308:Web 308: www.femp.es: www.femp.es WLGA AssociationAssociation associations, partners and stakeholders. We allow them 4141 Staff: 130 StaffStaff: 170:Type 170 of Members: AssociationAssociationWeb of: www.landkreistag.de Staff ofGerman German: 25 Cities Cities TypeType of ofMembers Members: : TypeType of ofMembers Members: :: 23 Staff: 24 Type of Members: Staff: 119 Type of MembersStaff: Staff: 56: 56 Type of Members: TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Members: 5 TypeWebWeb: ofwww.landkreistag.de: www.landkreistag.deMembers: MembersAICCRE: 2200 UOM MembersTypeType of ofMembersmembers :members 308 : : MembersMembers: 73667,366 : 7,366 Members: 28 andThroughThrough feed our theour large debatelarge network, network, between we we townsfacilitate facilitate and exchanges exchangesregions, countries41 UnionUnion of ofcitiesWeb cities : www.vvsg.be WebWeb: www.regioner.dk: www.regioner.dkREGIONERREGIONER DSTDST StaffStaff : 9: 9 CEMRItalianItalian Italian Association Association section of ofCEMR CEMR Staff Staff: 11: 11 MontenegroMontenegro Web: www.anmp.pt AssociationAssociation Webof ofBasque :Basque www.femp.es WebWeb: www.wlga.gov.uk: www.wlga.gov.uk WLGAWLGA their associations, partners and stakeholders. We allow countriescountries StaffStaff: 130: 130 Staff:Type 170 of Members: AssociationWeb: www.landkreistag.de Staffof German: 25 Cities Type of Members: Type of Members:: 23 ROMANIA ROMANIA Staff: 24 StaffTypeStaff: of24: 24Members : Staff: 119 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: Staff: : 56 Type of Members: to cooperate on issues that affect the day-to-day lives andand municipalities municipalities of ofWallonia Wallonia MembersMembers: 5: 5 AssociationAssociation of ofGerman GermanWebWeb :Cities www.aiccre.it : Citieswww.aiccre.it MembersAICCREAICCRE: 2200 WebWeb: www.uom.me: www.uom.me UOMUOM MunicipalitiesMunicipalities Web : www.wlga.gov.uk Members Members: 28: 28 andand feed feed the the debate debate between between towns towns and and regions, regions, countries Union ofWeb citiesWeb: www.vvsg.be : www.vvsg.be LocalLocal GovernmentWeb Government:Staff www.regioner.dk: 170 Denmark Denmark MembersMembersDST: 3400: 3400 Web: www.landkreistag.de Staff: 9 Staff: 11Type of Members: Web: www.anmp.ptStaffWebWeb:: www.anmp.pt24: www.anmp.pt AssociationWeb of :Basque www.femp.esStaff Staff: 119: 119 Staff: 56 their associations, partners and stakeholders. We allow 130,000 UVCWUVCW TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : TypeType of ofMembers MembersAssociation: : of German Cities Type ofMembers MembersMembers: :22002,200 : 2,200 MembersMembers: 23: 23 EUDELEUDEL TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : them to cooperate on issues that affect the day-to-day and municipalities of Wallonia KLKL DST DST Web: www.aiccre.it Web: www.uom.me NationalNational Union Union of ofCounty County Councils Councils Municipalities of Europeans. Union of cities LocalWeb Government: www.regioner.dk Denmark MembersDST: 3400 Staff: 9 Staff: 11 Web: www.anmp.pt AssociationWeb ofWeb :Basque www.femp.es: www.femp.es Web: www.wlga.gov.ukStaffStaff: 56: 56 theirtheir associations, associations, partners partners and and stakeholders. stakeholders. We We allow allow local and regional MembersMembersUVCW: 262: 262 StaffStaff: 170: 170 StaffStaff: 120: 120 MembersAssociationMembers: 3,400: of3,400 German Cities TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : TypeType of ofMembersmembers membersof ofRomania Romania: : ROMANIA Members:Members: 256EUDEL 256 them to cooperate on issues that affect the day-to-day 100,000 and municipalities of WalloniaMembers MembersKL: 98: 98 Type of Members: Web: www.aiccre.it NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDSWeb: www.uom.me Municipalities lives of Europeans. TypeType of ofMembers MembersUnionUnion: : of ofcitiesCities Cities and and LocalWeb GovernmentWeb: www.regioner.dk: www.regioner.dk DenmarkWeb Web: www.staedtetag.de: www.staedtetag.deMembersDST: 3400 KOSOVO KOSOVO StaffStaff: 9: 9 StaffStaff: 11: 11 UNCJRUNCJR TypeType of ofMembers Members: : AssociationAssociation of ofBasque Basque WebWeb: www.wlga.gov.uk: www.wlga.gov.uk MembersUVCW: 262 TypeType of ofMembers Members: : Staff: 120 TypeType of ofmembersMembers members: : ROMANIA ROMANIA ROMANIA Members:EUDEL 256 themthem to to cooperate cooperate on on issues issues that that affect affect the the day-to-dayday-to-day localgovernments100,000 and regional StaffStaff: 60: 60 andMunicipalitiesMunicipalities municipalities of ofWallonia ofWallonia Wallonia MembersKL : 98 Type of Members: WebWeb: www.aiccre.it: www.aiccre.it NETHERLANDSWebWeb: www.uom.me: www.uom.me National Union of County CouncilsStaff:Staff: 19 19 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities lives of Europeans. Type of Members: StaffStaff: 400: 400 LocalLocal Government Government Denmark DenmarkGermanGerman Web Association Association: www.staedtetag.de StaffMembersof Staff ofTowns Towns: 120: 120 and: 3400 and KOSOVO AssociationAssociation of ofProvinces Provinces of ofthe the MembersMembers: 41: 41 Type of Members: 100,000100,000 WebWeb: www.uvcw.be: www.uvcw.beMembersUVCWUVCW: 262 Type of Members: Staff: 120 AssociationAssociation of ofKosovo Kosovo of Romania ROMANIAWebWeb: www.eudel.eus: www.eudel.eusMembers: 256 governmentslocal100,000 and regional Staff: 60 WebWeb: www.kl.dk: www.kl.dkMembers: 98 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities WebTypeWeb: ofwww.staedtetag.de: www.staedtetag.deMembers: NetherlandsNetherlands TypeType of ofMembers Members: : National Union of County CouncilsStaff: 19 EUDELEUDEL liveslives of of Europeans. Europeans. Type of Members: Staff: 400 KLKL MunicipalitiesMunicipalities KOSOVO NETHERLANDS UNCJR NationalNational Union Union of ofCounty County Councils CouncilsType of Members: Making a difference in 5 areas locallocal and and regional regional Web: www.uvcw.beMembersMembers: 262: 262 Type of Members: GermanWeb Association: www.staedtetag.de of Towns and Association of Kosovo Association of Provinces of theStaff Staff: 12: 12 of Romania Members:Members: 256 256 local and regional Staff: 60 Web: www.kl.dkMembersMembers: 98: 98 DStGBDStGB Staff: 120 AKKAKK IPOIPO Nationalof ofRomania Romania Union of CountyWeb: Councilswww.eudel.eusStaff: 19 governments TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Staff: 400 MunicipalitiesGermanGerman Association Association of ofTowns TownsMunicipalities and and KOSOVO KOSOVO Netherlands NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDSWebWeb: www.uncjr.ro: www.uncjr.roMembersUNCJR: 41 TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : Making a difference in 5 areas BOSNIA BOSNIAWeb AND :AND www.uvcw.be MembersMembers : 17: 17 German Web Association: www.staedtetag.de of TownsMembersMembers and : 34: 34 Association of Kosovo MembersMembers: 12: 12 Association of Provinces of the ofUNCJR UNCJRRomania governmentsgovernments ESTONIA ESTONIA TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : DStGB MunicipalitiesMunicipalities AKK IPO Type of Members: SWEDEN SWEDEN Web: www.eudel.eusStaff:Staff: 19 19 governments StaffStaff: 60: 60 Web: www.kl.dk TypeType of ofMembers MembersMunicipalities: : TypeType of ofMembers MembersMunicipalities: : TypeType of ofMembers Members: Netherlands: Members: 41 16 HERZEGOVINAHERZEGOVINA StaffStaff: 400: 400 Members: 17DStGBGerman DStGB Association of Towns and Members: 12 AssociationAssociation ofRomanian ofRomanianProvinces Provinces MunicipalitiesStaff Municipalitiesof of:the 12 the MembersUNCJRMembers: 41: 41 •Making Governance, a democracy difference and citizenship in 5 areas BOSNIAWebWeb :AND www.uvcw.be: www.uvcw.be StaffStaff: 30: 30 DStGB StaffStaff: 13: 13 Members : 34 AssociationAssociation of ofKosovo Kosovo StaffStaff: 50: 50 IPO Type of Members: SWEDEN WebWeb: www.eudel.eus: www.eudel.eus AssociationAssociation ESTONIA of ofEstonian EstonianWebWeb: www.kl.dk Cities: www.kl.dk Cities and and Type of MembersMunicipalities: AKK Type of MembersNetherlands: Netherlands AssociationAssociation Web : www.uncjr.roMembersTypeType of ofMembersmembers :Swedishmembers 41Swedish : Association :Association of ofLocal Local 16committees & HERZEGOVINA WebWeb: www.dstgb.de: www.dstgb.deMembersMembers: 17: 17 WebWeb: www.komunat-ks.net: www.komunat-ks.netType of MembersMunicipalitiesMunicipalities: WebWeb: www.ipo.nl: www.ipo.nl Staff: 12 • Environment,Governance, democracyclimate and andenergy citizenship AssociationAssociation of ofMunicipalities Municipalities Members: 17 Members: 34 Members: 12 AMRAMR AuthoritiesAuthorities and and Regions Regions MakingMaking a a difference difference in in 5 5 areasareas BOSNIA AND 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ESTONIA ESTONIA Staff: 13 MunicipalitiesMunicipalities Staff: 50 TypeType of ofMembers Members: : Romanian Web Municipalities: www.uncjr.roMembersMembers : 310: 310 Swedish Association of Local expertcommittees16 16groups & SOGFBiHSOGFBiHand Cities of the Federation Association of Estonian Cities and GREECE GREECE WebTypeWeb: ofwww.dstgb.de: www.dstgb.deMembers: LATVIA LATVIA TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : TypeType of ofMembersmembers members: : AMR RomanianRomanian Municipalities MunicipalitiesSKL 16 HERZEGOVINAHERZEGOVINA AECM Web: www.dstgb.de Web: www.komunat-ks.net VNGVNG AssociationWeb of: www.ipo.nl Netherlands StaffStaff: 15: 15 TypeType of ofMembers Members: : • • Governance,Governance, democracy democracy and and citizenship citizenship Association of MunicipalitiesType Type of ofMembers Members: : Association Authorities and Regions •• Economic,InternationalEnvironment, social engagement climate and territorial and andenergy cohesion cooperation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Municipalities Staff: 30 StaffStaff: 13: 13 StaffStaff: 50: 50 Members: 109 AssociationAssociation Members: 310 SwedishSwedish Association Association of ofLocal Local committeescommitteescommittees & & & MembersMembers: and80: 80 Cities of the Federation StaffStaff: 19:Members 19 : Association74Association of ofEstonian Estonian Cities Cities and and GREECE MembersMembers: Municipalities355: 355 WebWeb: ww.amr.ro: ww.amr.ro AMR RomanianStaff MunicipalitiesStaff: 380: 380 SKL expert groups TypeType ofSOGFBiH ofMembers MembersAssociationAssociation: : of ofMunicipalities Municipalities AECM CentralCentral Union Union of ofMunicipalities MunicipalitiesWeb: www.dstgb.de of of LatvianLatvian Association Association LATVIA of ofLocalWeb LocalWeb :and www.komunat-ks.net :and www.komunat-ks.net VNG AssociationWebWeb of: www.ipo.nl Netherlands: www.ipo.nl Type of Members: AMRAMR WebWeb: www.skl.se: www.skl.seType of Members: Authorities Authorities and and Regions Regions •• • LocalEconomic,InternationalEnvironment,Environment, and regional social engagement climate climate and public territorial and andservice andenergy energy cohesion cooperationmanagement of Bosnia and Herzegovina WebWeb: www.elvl.ee:Type www.elvl.ee of MembersMunicipalitiesMunicipalities: TypeType of ofMembers Members: : Association Members: 310 StaffStaff: 8Members: 8 : 80 Members: 74 GreeceGreece GREECE GREECE RegionalRegional Governments Governments Municipalities AssociationAssociationStaff of ofCommunes: Communes15 Members of of: 109 Staff: 380 expertexpertexpert groups groups groups SOGFBiHandand Cities Cities of ofthe the Federation Federation Staff: 19 AECMAECM Central Union GREECE of Municipalities of LATVIA StaffStaff: 220: 220Members: 355 AssociationAssociation of ofNetherlands Netherlands MembersAMRMembers: 109: 109 Type of MembersSKLSKL : • Local and regional public service management WebWeb: www.sogfbih.baType: www.sogfbih.ba of Members: Type of Members: KEDEKEDE LPSLPS 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Communesww.amr.ro of WebWeb: www.skl.se: www.skl.se local • • LocalLocal and and regional regional public public service service management management WebWeb: www.elvl.ee: www.elvl.ee WebWeb: www.kedke.gr: www.kedke.gr Greece WebWeb: www.lps.lv: www.lps.lvType of Members: Web: www.vng.nlTypeType of ofMembersmembers membersStaffStaff: :8 : :8 AssociationAssociation of ofCommunes Communes of of intermedary intermedary MembersMembersRepublic: 64: 64 Staff ofStaff Srpska: 8: 8 Staff: 23MembersMembersMembers: 13 : 13: 13 MembersRegionalRegional: 119 Governments Governments WebWeb: www.acor.ro: www.acor.roMembersRomania: 1750 KEDE Staff: 35 StaffStaff: 220: 220 RomaniaRomania regional regional intermediary TypeType ofALVRS ofMembers MembersAssociationWebWeb: :: www.sogfbih.ba : www.sogfbih.baof Local Authorities of Web: www.kedke.grType ofType MembersType of ofmembersMembers members: : : Type ofLPS MembersLPS : Type of MembersACOR : Association of Communes of Key Web: www.lps.lv WebWeb: 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www.acor.ro federation of associations WebType: www.alvrs.comType of ofMembersmembers members: : Web: www.acor.ro regional regional StaffStaff: 9: 9 federation federation of of associations associations WebWeb: www.alvrs.com: www.alvrs.com Publisher: Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR)

Authors: Léa Babeu-Braun, Nathalie Noupadja

Copy editing: EN: Carol Thomas, Jeremy Herry, Thomas Kaye, Magnus Gottl FR: Nathalie Noupadja, Martin Revault, Axelle Griffon

Translation: Domenica Maria Pistoia

Publication coordination: Nathalie Noupadja, Head of Research and Studies

Supervision: Angelika Poth-Mögele, Executive Director for European Affairs

Direction: Frédéric Vallier, Secretary General

Communication and design: Pierre Vander Auwera, Adviser – Communication

Design: DiaromaColor, Bucharest, March 2019

Information current as at: 11 January 2019

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 International License

2 Foreword

Since its creation in 1951, the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR) has steadily gained legitimacy among European municipalities and regions and, as their representative association at European and international level, among all the European and international institutions.

This legitimacy has been reaffirmed in recent months by the European Parliament, which recognises the specific role of CEMR as an actor within the European governance framework1 and by the European Commission2. The Lisbon Treaty had already clarified the place of local and regional governments as elements of the European governance and these recent developments mark important progress.

With this study, we want to highlight the role of national associations of local governments as key players of the governance system. In some countries, laws and regulations recognise them as official partners while in others, the law frames the relationship between different levels of governance.

Each European country has its own history and approach to the concepts of decentralisation and subsidiarity. However, what this study shows is the specificity of our organisations, which are not conventional associations, but constitutive elements of the institutional democratic landscape, at national, European and international level.

We have also included a non-exhaustive list of European associations, with which we cooperate, to ensure the representation of all European territories towards the institutions. As the main organisation of political representation of our communities, our role is to unify all the actors concerned to contribute to the debate and to apply our efforts on the basis a “governance in partnership” approach and which meets objectives 11 and 17 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda.

Furthermore, we hope that this work, initiated at the request of our members, will allow them to draw on their respective experiences and raise their profile at the national level. As regards European and international institutions, this unique study will provide them with a better understanding of how CEMR and its members contribute to the institutional and political framework. Thanks to its extensive and rich content, this study highlights the distinctive nature of CEMR in the history of European cooperation.

We would like to thank all those who contributed to this study and publication, in particular CEMR’s member associations and CEMR’s studies and research unit as we believe this work will contribute to a better understanding of the role of our members and by so doing, confirm the recognition of CEMR as key partner of the European Institutions.

Stefano Bonaccini, Frédéric Vallier, President Secretary General

1 In the European Parliament resolution of 3 July 2018 on the role of cities in the institutional framework of the Union - PA _TA_PROV 2018/0273 2 In the Commission’s communication in October 2018 on reinforcing subsidiarity and proportionality in EU policy-making – COM (2018) 703 final Introduction Europe is a patchwork of approximately regional governments at the national, 100,000 municipalities, provinces and European, and international level. regions, most of which if not all are part of a national association of local and/or regional This analysis is the result of a survey governments. What do they do? How do they conducted by CEMR amongst its members, i.e. work? What level of recognition do they enjoy local and regional government associations from their national authorities? This study (LRGAs), also referred to as “the association(s)”, will help you to understand better those “CEMR members”, or “national associations” who speak on behalf of Local and Regional here below. CEMR secretariat received Governments, at the national – and European responses from 58 associations5, covering all – level, and how they do it. 41 countries.

Since its creation in 1951, the Council of In the study, infographics and visuals will European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR) allow you to learn more about: has promoted the construction of a united, peaceful and democratic Europe founded 1. Who CEMR member associations on local self-government, respect for the represent, who are their members; principle of subsidiarity and the participation 2. How associations of towns and regions of citizens. Our work is organised around two are structured, their nature, their main pillars: organisation, their staff, etc.; 3. What they do, how they organise 1. Influencing European policy and their advocacy towards the central legislation in all areas that impact on government, the exchange of knowledge municipalities and regions, between their members, or provide 2. Providing a forum for debate between training for elected representatives or local and regional governments via their civil servants; national representative associations. 4. Their role in the legislative process; 5. And their voice at the European or even CEMR is the oldest and broadest European international level. association of local and regional governments. We are the only organisation that brings In the second part of the study, you will be together the national associations of local provided with an overview of all the local and and regional governments3 from 41 European regional government associations that are countries4 and represents, through them, all CEMR members, country by country, on the levels of government – local, intermediate basis of identity cards. and regional. We hope that reading this publication will This study is an introduction to the world help you to realise how your area, city, town or of CEMR’s members, national associations region, is connected to others, both nationally of local and regional governments. CEMR and beyond frontiers. National associations unites 60 member associations from 41 of are not as well-known as they should be, even the 47 Council of Europe member countries, by the citizens of their own country. including all 28 member states of the European Union (EU). And yet they play a crucial role in linking governments and facilitating governance in Organised in five chapters, this report partnership. The importance of their role is analyses how CEMR associations are such that in some cases, these associations are empowered to defend local and regional even recognised in the national Constitution. interests. It compares the representativeness They contribute, directly or indirectly, to of national Local and Regional Government local and territorial development, and to our Associations (LRGAs), their nature, whether quality of life, as individuals. So, who are they? their membership is compulsory or voluntary, their human resources, etc. This study also highlights the role of CEMR and its members as legitimate representatives of local and

3 All CEMR Members are mentioned per country, in the second part of the study: Local and Regional Government Associations at a Glance p. 43 4 CEMR membership covers the larger European scale, see the map of CEMR Members: http://www.ccre.org/en/pays/map 5 See the list of the associations that took part in the survey, p. 88

7 Table of contents

Foreword 3

Introduction 5

1 Who do CEMR member associations represent? 11 A) One single tier of government 13 B) Several tiers of government 13 C) Federation of local and regional government associations 14 D) Population covered by the associations 15

2 How are associations of towns and regions structured? 17 A) Nature of the associations 19 B) Legal basis 19 C) Subdivisions 21 D) Human resources 22

3 What are the associations’ activities? 23 A) Advocacy and knowledge-sharing 25 B) Publications, research and studies 25 C) Salary negotiation of local and regional governments’ workforce 26 D) Training and capacity building 26

4 How are associations of towns and regions consulted? 27 A) National transparency registers 29 B) Mandatory consultation and process efficiency 30 C) Frequency of consultations 31 D) Other cases 31

5 Representation in Europe 33 A) Council of European Municipalities and Regions 36 B) Committee of the Regions 37 C) Council of Europe: Congress of Local and Regional Authorities 38 D) Other European networks and associations 38

Conclusion 41

Local and regional government associations at a glance 43 Albania 44 Austria 45 Belgium 46 Bosnia and Herzegovina 47 Bulgaria 48 Croatia 49 Cyprus 50 Czech Republic 51 Denmark 52 Estonia 53 Finland 54

9 France 55 Georgia 56 Germany 58 Greece 60 Hungary 61 Iceland 62 Ireland 63 Israel 64 Italy 65 Kosovo 66 Latvia 67 Lithuania 68 Luxembourg 69 Malta 70 Moldova 71 Montenegro 72 Netherlands 73 North Macedonia 74 Norway 75 Poland 76 Portugal 77 Romania 78 Serbia 79 Slovakia 80 Slovenia 81 Spain 82 Sweden 83 Turkey 84 Ukraine 85 United Kingdom 86

List of associations which took part in the study 88

Acknowledgements 89

Disclaimer 89

Authors 89

Getting in touch with us 89

10 Who do CEMR 1member associations represent? Type of members

Country Local and regional governments’ associations Local Intermediate Regional of Federation associations Albania Albanian Association of Municipalities ● Austria Austrian Associations of Municipalities ● ● Austrian Association of Cities and Towns ● Association of the City and the Municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region ● Belgium Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities ● Union of Cities and Municipalities of Wallonia ● Bosnia and Herzegovina Association of Municipalities and Cities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina ● Association of Local Authorities of Republic of Srpska ● Bulgaria National Association of Municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria ● Croatia Croatian County Association ● Cyprus Union of Cyprus Municipalities ● Czech Republic Union of Towns and Municipalities of the Czech Republic ● Denmark Danish Regions ● Local Government Denmark ● Estonia Association of Estonian Cities and Municipalities ● Finland Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities ● France French Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions ● ● ● Georgia National Association of Local Authorities of Georgia ● Germany German Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions ● ● ● German County Association ● ● Association of German Cities ● ● German Association of Towns and Municipalities ● ● Greece Central Union of Municipalities of Greece ● ● Hungary Hungarian National Association of Local Authorities ● Iceland Association of Local Authorities in Iceland ● Ireland Local Government Management Agency ● Israel Federation of Local Authorities in Israel ● ● Italy Italian Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions ● ● ● Kosovo Association of Kosovo Municipalities ● Latvia Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments ● Lithuania Association of Local Authorities in Lithuania ● Luxembourg Association of Luxembourg Cities and Municipalities ● Malta Local Councils Association ● Moldova Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova ● Montenegro Union of Municipalities of Montenegro ● Netherlands Association of Provinces of the Netherlands ● Association of Netherlands Municipalities ● North Macedonia Association of the Units of Local Self-Government of the Republic of North Macedonia ● Norway Norwegian Association of Local and Regional Authorities ● ● Poland Association of Polish Counties ● Association of Polish Cities ● Portugal National Association of Portuguese Municipalities ● Romania National Union of County Councils of Romania ● Romanian Municipalities Association ● Association of Communes of Romania ● Serbia Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities of Serbia ● Slovakia Association of Towns and Communities of Slovakia ● Slovenia Association of Urban Municipalities of Slovenia ● Association of Municipalities and Towns of Slovenia ● Spain Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces ● ● ● Association of Basque Municipalities ● Sweden Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions ● ● Turkey Union of Municipalities of Turkey ● Ukraine Association of Ukrainian Cities ● United Kingdom Local Government Association ● Convention of Scottish Local Authorities ● Northern Ireland Local Government Association ● Welsh Local Government Association ● The Council of European Municipalities and includes communes or city boroughs. B. Several tiers of Regions (CEMR) began as a community of The members of the Association of mayors regrouped in national sections of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities government CEMR in six original founding countries. (AFLRA) are all 311 Finnish municipalities. Following the increase in its membership and Nevertheless, AFLRA also provides Six associations bring together members the arrival of regions in the 1980s, nowadays, services to and cooperates with joint from several tiers of government. Three all tiers of sub-national governments are municipal authorities7, as well as Finnish of them represent the local and regional represented by our members (municipalities, hospital districts and regional councils. level. The Federation of Local Authorities provinces and regions). They are associations The Latvian Association of Local and in Israel (MASHAM) includes all 257 local or federations of local and regional Regional Governments (LPS) represents governments as well as the regional councils governments. One or several associations can local and regional governments. of the country. The Norwegian Association of exist in the same country. However, its 119 members can be Local and Regional Authorities (KS) gathers further sub-divided into two categories members from both the local (municipalities) of local governments: all 110 Latvian and regional (counties) level. The Swedish municipalities, and nine republican Association of Local Authorities and Regions A. One single tier of cities8. The Maltese Local Councils (SKL) represents 290 local governments and Association (LCA) represents the 68 local 20 regions. government councils in the Maltese archipelago, as well as the five regional committees9. And three associations represent all three 46 associations represent members from a local, intermediate and regional tiers of single tier of government6. government. Gathering 7,366 members, the Another distinctive feature to be highlighted: Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Local level the Welsh Association of Local Governments Provinces (FEMP) includes members that (WLGA) in the UK is composed of 28 members. are town councils, provincial councils, and 41 associations represent municipalities only. Along with the 22 Welsh local authorities, island councils. The French section of CEMR Within this category, the number of members the other members are three fire & rescue (AFCCRE) and the Italian section (AICCRE) both varies from 23 municipalities in the case of authorities of Wales, and three national park represent all tiers of government. In the case the Union of Municipalities of Montenegro authorities. In Belgium, the city of Brussels of France this means, municipalities and their (UOM) to 2,786 towns and city boroughs for and the 19 Municipalities of the Brussels- groupings, departments and regions whereas the Association of Towns and Communities of Capital region are part of the same association in Italy, it is municipalities, cities, metropolitan Slovakia (ZMOS). In Slovenia, it is interesting (BRULOCALIS) as active members, alongside cities, provinces and regions. to note that of the 212 municipalities, 11 the Public Centres for Social Welfare and are urban municipalities, all members of inter-municipal associations as supporting the Association of Urban Municipalities of members. Slovenia (ZMOS). Intermediate and regional level

In addition to local governments, some Five CEMR member associations represent associations also open their membership solely and directly the intermediate and to inter-municipal cooperation bodies, regional level: the Association of Polish joint associations of local governments, Counties (ZPP) with 307 members out of 380 or members whose competences can counties; the Association of Danish Regions sometimes be compared with another (REGIONER) composed of the five regions of tier of government. Denmark; the Association of Provinces of the Netherlands (IPO) made up of 12 members: The Association of Netherlands all the Dutch provinces; the National Union Municipalities (VNG) is composed of 355 of County Councils of Romania (UNCJR) Dutch municipalities, as well as legal representing the regional level of government inter-municipal cooperation bodies and with 41 members; and the Croatian County five of the six islands of the Dutch Antilles Association (HRVZZ) gathering all 20 Croatian (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands). counties, as well as the city of Zagreb, which Their members are not only cities, is also a region. towns and municipalities, but also

6 You can find a detailed typology and the number of local, intermediate and regional tiers of government in Local and Regional Governments in Europe - Structures and Compe- tences, a CEMR publication : www.ccre.org/img/uploads/piecesjointe/filename/CEMR_structures_and_competences_2016_EN.pdf 7 Joint municipal boards were introduced in Finland as a form of inter-municipal cooperation between several municipalities. They are independent legal persons and governed by the legislation on local government (http://www.stat.fi/meta/kas/kuntayhtyma_en.html#tab1). 8 Latvia is composed of two different levels of government: the local and the regional level. The local tier of government is divided into two entities: the municipalities (110) and the republican cities (nine). These nine larger cities have the same competences as municipalities and regions. 9 The five Regional Committees represent a group of local councils.

13 C. Federations of local CEMR Sections In Italy, AICCRE, the national section of CEMR is the recognised association of all and regional government AFCCRE, AICCRE and RGRE are CEMR tiers of sub-national governments active associations sections and were founded at the same in European and international activities. time as CEMR, to bring together members As in France, it is the only association Six of CEMR’s associations could be referred in their respective countries. Today, each representing all different tiers. to as “umbrella organisations”. Four German section represents all tiers of sub-national associations: the National Section of CEMR governments and they cooperate with In Belgium, the Union of Belgian Cities (RGRE), the Association of German Cities (DST), their national counterpart to organise and Municipalities, a national section the German County Association (DLT), and the representation of local and regional of CEMR, is the federation of CEMR the Association of Towns and Municipalities governments at the European and member associations of municipalities, (DStGB), as well as the Austrian Association international level. cities and provinces of the three regions: of Municipalities (GEMEINDEBUND), and BRULOCALIS for Brussels’ capital region, the Central Union of Municipalities (KEDE) From the six original national sections, the Union of Cities and Municipalities in Greece. Indeed, their direct members are CEMR has grown to 60 member of Wallonia (UVCW) for Wallonia and not local and regional governments, but associations, but the original setting is the Association of Flemish Cities and associations, or federations, representing still present and remains very strong Municipalities (VVSG) for Flanders. local governments. although most of the members (95%) are National Associations of Local and In the United Kingdom, owing to its KEDE is composed of 13 regional unions Regional Governments; three national unique constitutional structure with of municipalities in its membership. sections of CEMR still represent the entirely separate local government The GEMEINDEBUND is composed of 10 interest of French, German and Italian jurisdictions, for Northern Ireland, regional member associations and therefore Municipalities and Regions (which in Scotland, England and Wales each has indirectly represents a total of 2,089 Austrian turn represents 40 % of the European its own association of Local Authorities municipalities. In countries where umbrella population). that are individual members of CEMR, associations are present together with and which together form the UK section other associations, this may result in dual In France, where there are many different of CEMR. membership. This is the case for the Austrian associations representing local and associations as there are cities that are regional government, AFCCRE plays the In all other countries, national members of both the Austrian Association of role of unifying all local and regional associations of local and regional Cities and Towns, STÄDTEBUND (of which cities governments and authorities interested governments are members of CEMR and are direct members, mostly in urban areas), in European and international affairs. It usually play the role of national sections and of GEMEINDEBUND (through the regional is the only French association composed of CEMR. In some countries where there associations of cities, mostly representing of representatives of all tiers of sub- are different associations representing rural and peri-urban communities). national governments. AFCCRE joins with different tiers or size of local and regional other national associations in France to governments or local and regional In Germany, the direct members of the DLT organise the representation of all tiers in governments from specific regions are 13 regional associations of counties as CEMR, the Congress of Local and Regional or parts of the country, the national well as the intermediary higher communal Authorities of the Council of Europe section is the sum of all of them and corporations. The 294 German counties are, (CLRAE or Congress) and the Committee one of the associations coordinates the on the other hand, indirect members. The of the Regions. For several years, the representation in CEMR, like in Hungary. DStGB is composed of 17 members which in Association of French Mayors (AMF) has Indeed, there are seven association turn are associations of local governments in enjoyed the status of associated partner members of the CEMR in Hungary and the respective Bundesländer, and that results in CEMR, under a specific agreement the Hungarian National Association of in the indirect representation of 11,000 between both AFCCRE and AMF. Local Authorities (TÖOSZ) is the CEMR municipalities across Germany. The DST is in contact point for all. itself an illustration of diversity of membership: In Germany, although the three 195 cities are direct members, including all associations representing local and autonomous German cities such as the city- regional governments are full members states of Berlin, Hamburg and Bremen, as well of CEMR – Association of Towns and as the 16 state local government associations, Municipalities (DStGB), Association of with about 3,200 indirect member cities and German Cities (DST), and the German towns. As in Austria, double membership can County Association (DLT), the National happen, as a city may be a direct member of Section of CEMR (RGRE) unites the the DST and through its city association, be an three associations plus individual indirect member of the DStGB. The National municipalities and counties as direct Section of CEMR (RGRE) unites the three members. associations plus individual municipalities and counties as direct members.

14 D. Population covered by CEMR’s representation of the national population 100

the associations 20 40 60 80 0

The representativeness of CEMR member associations has been defined in terms of Albania population coverage. The largest sub-national Austria tier of government represented by a member Belgium of the association was taken into account. For Bosnia and instance, a regional council represents all the Herzegovina residents in its territory. Bulgaria Croatia An extremely high percentage of Europe’s population is covered by both CEMR and Cyprus its member associations. The lowest rate Czech Republic of representativeness is around 71%. On Denmark average, the associations overall represent 95% of Europe’s population. Estonia Finland The variations can be explained by the fact France that membership is not compulsory in the vast majority of local and regional government Georgia associations. For only three associations Germany is membership mandatory: the Greek Greece association KEDE, the Irish Local Government Management Agency (LGMA), and the Union Hungary of Municipalities of Turkey (TBB). KEDE and Iceland LGMA both cover 100 % of their residents. TBB Ireland represent all 1398 municipalities of Turkey, i.e. Israel 93 % of the population as a number of villages are outside the remit of the municipalities. Italy Kosovo Nonetheless, many other associations also Latvia represent 100 % of the population of their country, while 95% (i.e. 55 associations) have Lithuania voluntary membership. Luxembourg Malta In 23 countries, the associations’ members cover the totality of the level of government Moldova represented (i.e. all cities or all regions, etc.), Montenegro even though their membership is voluntary. Netherlands For instance, in Bulgaria, all 265 municipalities are members of the national association of North Macedonia municipalities (NAMRB), and the Association Norway of Units of Local Self-Government of the Poland Republic of North Macedonia (ZELS) covers all 81 North Macedonian municipalities. Portugal Romania Membership of the Association of Finnish Serbia Local and Regional Authorities is voluntary, but given that one of its members is the Slovakia “Municipal Employers Organisation”, which Slovenia covers all local governments, all Finnish Spain municipalities are also automatically AFLRA members. Sometimes, 100 % of the population Sweden is covered by the associations, together, like in Turkey Austria, or in Bosnia-Herzegovina. United Kingdom Ukraine

15 How are associations2 of towns and regions structured?

17 A. Nature of the of non-profit associations of public interest. To regional governments, even though they are conclude, given the nature of their members, not crucial elements11. associations all the associations of local and regional governments act for the public interest The capacity of national associations to Depending on their nature, associations and perform an institutional role. bring together their members and to undertake different tasks and have varying influence national policies also depends on powers and capacity to influence governments. their environment. This is true for European B. Legal basis associations, but also for EU partner countries: None of the associations have the status of the power of national associations depends on a non-profit organisation of natural persons “the structure, the story, the local and regional The general right of local governments to (e.g. mayors as individual persons). Most of cultural context, the country’s priorities and associate is crucial for local autonomy, as them (56) are non-profit associations of legal the governance reform programmes”12. That recognised in article 10 of the European persons (e.g. municipalities or regions). The being said, the legislative level at which the Charter of Local Self-Government of the two others are the English Local Government association is anchored can provide more, or Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Association (LGA) which is a wholly publicly less, legal protection for the existence and the the Council of Europe: owned unlimited company and the German activities of the associations. Association of Cities (DST), an unregistered association (like political parties, trade unions or religious communities). “The entitlement of local authorities to The constitution belong to an association for the protection 47 are based on private law; and 11 are and promotion of their common interests The associations anchored either in a written officially based on public law. It can be noted and to belong to an international constitution or in an organic law see their that the countries favouring such a system association of local authorities shall be status better protected than those which are 10 are mainly from the northern and eastern recognised in each State”. not. Indeed, since a constitution is the highest part of Europe e.g. Iceland, Ireland, Poland, level of legislation, it cannot be overruled Slovenia, Turkey and Montenegro. Mixed or derogated by any inferior law (Gicquel, structures exist such as the Association Article 10.2 leaves to individual member Hauriou, 1983). Moreover, the mention of the of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities states the choice of means, legislative or national association in a state’s constitution which has an official status based on private otherwise, to put this principle into practice. is an indicator that the central government law but they partly act based on public law. However, the type of law on which the recognises the importance of the association Some associations, the Congress of Local association is based, or the general right to as an agent to promote and defend local Authorities of Moldova (CALM), and the associate, or the specificity of the documents interests. In these cases, local and regional Association of Local Authorities of Republic of upon which the association is established, can government organisations are acknowledged Srpska (ALVRS) in Bosnia and Herzegovina, to be contributing factors to the importance and as associations that are different from quote a few examples, have the official status role of the national associations of local and other types of associations, with a status

How is your association legally protected?

16% 19% The constitution, a constitutional law or organic law 5% General law adopted by a legislative body, national or regional (parliament, senate, etc.)

Regulation or decision adopted by an executive body (government or presidential directives, decisions, decrees, orders, administrative provision, etc.) 60%

Other

10 European Charter of Local Self-Government of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe 11 As highlighted in the report of the Council of Europe, Congress of Local and Regional Authorities, CG/GOV07(2018)02, 9 March 2018, The consultation of Local Authorities by Higher Levels of Government, protractor: Anders KNAPE 12 FOGAR, PLATFORMA, Study on national associations of regional authorities in the European Union partner’s countries : www.regionsunies-fogar.org/images/Documentos/ORU- FOGARFinalReport.pdf.

19 and a mission worthy being enshrined in a administrative provision, etc.) have to The specificity of the legal basis constitution. In a few countries, such as France be compatible with both the legal and for example, an organic law can sit alongside constitutional rules of the state. Therefore, When the national legal framework the Constitution, detailing the organisation or a legal or constitutional change can specifically foresees the establishment of the functioning of public authorities. modify regulatory provisions. The Irish a national association of local or regional association LGMA, the Association of Kosovo governments, it is assumed that it tends 11 associations (in Albania, Austria, Georgia, Municipalities (AKK), and the Romanian to assign competences and authority to Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia Municipalities Association (AMR), all three the association. This seems to be the most and within the UK, Northern Ireland) derive non-profit associations with legal personality, common basis for the creation of CEMR’s their legal status either from a constitution or are the only three associations whose legal members, as 25 associations representing an organic law. status is enshrined in a regulation or a 43 % of our membership fall within this decision adopted by an executive body. category. General law Other Moreover, a general right of local and 35 associations, representing more than regional governments to associate, which half of CEMR’s membership, are anchored Finally, a total of nine associations do not is in line with the European Charter of Local in a legal framework, and more precisely in match any of the three aforementioned Self-Government of the Council of Europe, a general law adopted by a legislative body, categories, as is the case for the Local accounts for 21 associations from all over either public or private. This is the case, Government Denmark Association (KL). Europe, representing about 36 % of our among others, for Estonia, Israel, Luxembourg, membership. Poland, Spain, Slovenia, Turkey and Italy Defining the status of an association can (based on the Italian civil code). represent a challenge, as an association might Furthermore, 12 associations fall within the belong to several categories at the same time, as category in which the legal basis foresees the highlighted by the Finnish AFLRA as well as the general right of natural or legal persons to In Luxembourg, the Association of Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova (CALM). associate. Luxembourg Cities and Municipalities (SYVICOL) is based on a public legal Six associations are not anchored in any It can happen that associations are based on framework. It is a general law concerning constitutional law, general law or regulation, a legal basis with two different provisions. For the creation of the so-called “syndicats but in a decision of mayors/ members. This is instance, the Association of Local Authorities de communes”13. Within this legal the case for the Association of Netherlands of Republic of Srpska (ALVRS) is based on the framework, SYVICOL was in fact created Municipalities (VNG), and the Association one hand upon the Law on Self-government, by a decision of the municipal councils of Flemish Cities and Municipalities (VVSG, which specifically foresees the establishment themselves, who also drew up its statutes Belgium) which were also primarily set up of a national association of local or regional and defined its mission. According to the directly by mayors themselves. As for the governments, and on the other, ALVRS is aforementioned law, those statutes were Association of Provinces of the Netherlands also based upon the Law on Association then published as a “règlement grand- (IPO), its legitimacy is based on a decision and Foundation of Republika Srpska, which ducal”, which is a regulatory text14. The taken by the members of the association foresees the general right of natural or legal initiative to create a national association based on private/civil law. In the same way, persons to associate. has clearly come from the municipalities the Swedish Association of Local Authorities themselves. In recent years, the and Regions (SKL) is a private organisation The survey revealed that there is no correlation association has been mentioned more whose creation came about as a result of the between the specificity of the document and more in other laws and regulations, wish of its members. It does not state in any establishing the association and the size of the for example as a member of various law that SKL needs to exist, nor was it founded association (if the number of employees can commissions and other consultative by any legislative body. be considered an indicator of the number of bodies on the national level. Although competences and the breadth of the activity). SYVICOL is nowadays solidly anchored in The Norwegian Association of Local and No trend in terms of geographical localisation national law, the association continues to Regional Authorities (KS) does not have or structure of the state can be identified. strive for an institutionalisation of its role a legal basis per se, but functions as a Actually, some of the largest associations in the legislative process. voluntary association, with all local and in terms of human resources belong to the regional governments as members, even if few associations based on the least specific not established by any legal regulation. The provision, i.e. the general right of a natural or Regulatory provisions Scottish association COSLA is a voluntary legal person to associate, such as the Swedish association of Local Authorities of Scotland. It SKL. Some smaller associations are based Adopted by an executive body, regulatory is however not an NGO, nor a private law entity, on an agreement specifically foreseeing the provisions (governmental or presidential but a public body that is legally inseparable establishment of a national association of directives, decisions, decrees, orders, from the municipalities it is made up of. local/regional governments.

13 www.legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2001/02/23/n2/jo 14 www.syvicol.lu/download/1442/arrete-grand-ducal-du-10-juillet-2006-portant-approbation-des-nouveaux-statuts-du-syvicol.pdf

20 How speci c is the provision of the document, upon which is your association established? 21% It foresees speci cally the establishment 43% of a national association

It foresees generally the right of local/regional governments

It foresees the general right of natural 36% or legal persons to associate

C. Subdivisions development. Kommuneforlaget which and regions, in the fields of strategic started out as a publishing house, is today one planning, performance assessment, and 19 associations are composed of different of the most innovative companies in Norway, project management. There are five other legal entities. A distinction was made between improving the quality of public services, and detached entities relating to SMO ČR from a several categories of legal entities: either inhabitants’ everyday life thanks to digital fund providing support for projects related separate/detached operational divisions solutions and educational technology. The to the performance of public administration (e.g. daughter / sister company, a trading arm, newspaper Kommunal Rapport publishes and local self-government to an institute a consultancy, etc.), or other subdivisions (e.g. news, debates, commentaries and news facilitating municipal developments in regional federations/ associations or territorial stories, as well as the Kommunebarometeret, environment, transport, energy and the links subdivisions). It can be noted that there an exhaustive analysis of Norwegian with private companies, for SMART solutions. seems to be no geographical trend regarding municipalities. the existence of different legal entities. In Latvia, the LPS owns 100 % of the shares of In the Netherlands, VNG has five enterprises: the company Local Government Consultancy To give some examples, in Sweden, SKL is VNG Realisation (consultancy), VNG Congress Centre which provides consulting services legally a non-profit association, owning and Study Center (organization of congresses, to local governments. LPS is also a co-owner limited liability companies. Through them, seminars, traineeships and studies and of the Latvian Local Governments Training SKL has five subsidiaries, and three associated trainings), VNG International (international Centre which offers training; primarily companies, including for example: Dagens development projects/trainings), VNG Risk for local government employees, but in Samhälle (it publishes a newspaper and runs Management (consultancy, insurances) and some cases also for the employees of state a debate web), SKL International (engaged VNG Knowledge Center for Enforcement institutions and other organisations. Several in international development projects), Inera and Compliance in the Social Domain other organisations operate within the LPS, (coordinates the county councils, regions (consultancy). All enterprises are limited however they have no legal status. These 15 and municipalities joint e-health work ), and companies (LTDs) , which are 100% include the Association of Executive Directors even SOS Alarm (ensuring the SOS service wholly owned by the association. The VNG of Latvian Local Governments, the Union of in Sweden by receiving and transmitting association and the enterprises are all one Seacoast Municipalities, the association of emergency calls – 112). Besides this corporate big family… The European Affairs team has Heads of Social Services and the association structure, SKL also has a stake in different many interactions with VNG International of Custody Court Employees. (non-profit) associations like the International in particular, due to the fact that they both Center of Local Democracy (ICLD). provide the secretariat to the VNG European & International Affairs policy commission. In Norway, KS’s sister company is KS Bedrift. It is an employers’ association and interest group Interestingly, links can be created between for over 500 enterprises in the municipal national associations via daughter companies. sector. Their members represent several The Union of Towns and Municipalities of trades, including energy, fire and rescue the Czech Republic (SMO ČR) established as well as other public services. KS holding in 2004 together with VNG International, a company (KS Holding AS) has five wholly daughter company: MEPCO (International owned subsidiaries, including for example: Advisory Centre of Municipalities). The centre KS Agenda, a centre for seminars and skills provides consulting, management, training and research services to local governments

15 in Dutch: BVs.

21 D. Human resources How many staff does your organisation have? Regarding the number of staff of national associations, there is a significant variation among CEMR members. Three main groups 10% Sta < 10 - 1 24% can be distinguished. The first group, gathering up to 50 employees, represents almost 70 % Sta 11-30 - 2 of CEMR membership with no geographical 23% correlation. 14 associations have less than 10 Sta 31-50 - 3 employees (three associations employ only three full-time staff), and 22 associations Sta 51-199 - 4 have between 11 and 31 employees (full-time equivalent). Sta > 200 - 5 5% 38%

The second group, with a range between 50 and 200 members of staff, represents 23 % of the associations. In this group, the geographical sample is also balanced.

10 % of associations count over 200 full- time employees, those are concentrated in Northern Europe. The six associations concerned are the Dutch VNG (220), the Finnish AFLRA (220), the Norwegian KS and the English LGA (250), the Swedish SKL (380) and the Danish KL (400). These associations cover services that are delivered by other means in other countries like civil servant training, consultancy, and social services.

22 What are the associations’3 activities? Six activities as multiple-choice answers were As well as lobbying national governments a main activity. On the contrary, for both offered in the survey, with the possibility to ‘at home’, many associations also conduct Danish associations, the ones from Portugal, choose if the activity is a main or secondary advocacy activities towards the EU institutions Luxembourg, Latvia, Iceland, Spain, or Israel, one, or if it is not covered at all by the through engagement with the CEMR, the this activity is secondary. responding associations. Some associations Committee of the Regions, the European also specified additional activities. Parliament and the European Commission Correspondingly, these two activities in particular. Close networks within the of influencing governments as well as In those countries with more than one associations present in Brussels also exist. exchanging good practices and knowledge association, there can be different positions 26 associations16 from 17 countries have an are also the two pillars on which CEMR’s regarding the main activities. In Romania for office in Brussels; 15 of them located in the mission is based. instance, for the Association of Communes House of Cities, Municipalities and Regions, of Romania (ACOR) as well as for AMR, the the same building as the CEMR, close to the negotiation of the pay of local and regional European Parliament. These networks allow B. Publications, research governments’ workforce is considered a main coordination of advocacy activity on a pan-EU activity. However, the Romanian UNCJR does basis to provide an effective voice in Brussels and studies not undertake this for the moment. In the UK, and in national capitals for local and regional for the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities government. For all associations except seven, these being (COSLA), the exchange of good practice is a the Union of Cyprus Municipalities (UCM), secondary activity, while for the English LGA, the German DLT, the Irish LGMA, the Kosovan the Welsh WLGA and the Northern Ireland 43% AKK, the Romanian ACOR, the Scottish Local Government Association (NILGA) it is a of associations COSLA and the Welsh WLGA, “Publications” main activity. are a main or secondary (for the majority) have an office in activity. Producing publications is an essential BRUSSELS. factor of publicity, esteem, and credibility for any group or organisation. A publication A. Advocacy and (whether electronic or otherwise) is a vehicle knowledge-sharing The second most covered activity by all for information and the fact that all but respondents in all countries is the exchange seven associations mention it as an activity is 100 % of respondents marked the activity of good practices and knowledge-sharing. relevant. of ‘influencing governments through policy The nuance in this case is that for 60 % of and campaigning’ and ‘defending the respondents, it is a main activity while it is a 11 associations assessed it as being a interests of local and regional governments’ secondary one for 35%. Three associations main activity: the Albanian Association of as their number one key activity. Among the do not cover this activity: the Association Municipalities (SHBSH), all three Belgium ‘additional activities’ mentioned by a number of Provinces of the Netherlands (IPO), the associations, the German Association of of associations, to represent, defend, improve, Association of Kosovo Municipalities (AKK), Towns and Municipalities (DStGB), CEMR promote, sustain and champion local self- and the German County Association (DLT). Italian section (AICCRE), the Association governance towards anybody, and not only There is no geographical correlation or of Netherlands Municipalities (VNG), the the central government, is the most repeated link to the size of the associations. For the Romanian Municipalities Association one. This is clearly the raison d’être of the Swedish, the Bulgarian, and both the Austrian (AMR), the Standing Conference of Towns national associations. associations, but also the Italian association, and Municipalities in Serbia (SKGO), the and the Association of Basque Municipalities Association of Municipalities and Towns of (EUDEL) for instance, this activity is considered

What are the activities covered by your association?

100% advocacy 95% knowledge sharing 88% covered publications 86% not covered training 81% research 55% salary negociation

16 Including the Belgian associations.

25 Slovenia (SOS), and the Union of Municipalities (SAMBAND), the Association of Basque other CEMR association that exercises training of Turkey (TBB). Municipalities EUDEL, and the Swedish SKL. and capacity building as a main activity (in the UK NILGA and LGA) or a secondary activity Almost two thirds of the respondents take on 26 associations do not cover this activity at all. (German DStGB, Danish KL, Dutch VNG). Research and Studies as a secondary activity. This can be explained by the fact that not all Moreover, 13 associations consider it to be a associations have the competence to do so, as In France, AFCCRE has a specific agreement main activity, while 11 do not cover it at all. in general, such a function is established by with the French National Centre for Local This activity is usually linked to the above- law. An overview of the respondents shows Public Service (CNFPT) which organises the mentioned publications, even if for some that the countries considering this activity training of local civil servants to provide larger associations, there is a dedicated team as a main mission are geographically located specific training on European policies. for research per se as a service for members in the north and east of Europe. An example AFCCRE is also recognised by the state as a like in LGA in England, or KS in Norway. It can is the Norwegian Association of Local and training facility for local and regional elected be noted that from the 11 associations that do Regional Authorities (KS). As a voluntary representatives. not cover the mission of Research and Studies, association, KS is not established by any legal one considers publication as a main activity provision, however one exception is that a Further activities have been identified by the (the Belgian BRULOCALIS), four do not produce provision in the Local Government Act gives associations, such as providing advice and any publications (COSLA and WLGA from the KS the competence to bind its members to the counselling to members on all relevant topics UK, AKK from Kosovo, and DLT from Germany), results of collective bargaining agreements. related to local policy issues. Furthermore, and six consider publications to be a secondary the Flemish VVSG deals with about 35,000 activity: the Danish KL, the Association of requests for advice on an annual basis. Estonian Cities and Municipalities (AECM), D. Training and capacity There are additional service activities that the German DST and RGRE, the Association of associations perform for their members, Local Authorities in Lithuania (LSA), and the building such as training, as underlined by the Finnish Luxembourger SYVICOL. AFLRA. Both associations from Bosnia and Training and capacity building is also Herzegovina, the Association of Municipalities an important topic for the associations, and Cities of the Federation of Bosnia and The English LGA for instance has a although not covered by all of them (eight Herzegovina (SOGFBiH) and the Association Research and Information team of out of 58 associations do not implement of Local Authorities of Republic of Srpska around 20 staff in London. Notably they at all this activity). 53% address it as a main (ALVRS), pointed out that they have the aim have developed an online tool named activity and 33% as a secondary activity. of improving local government performance. “Local Government Inform” (LG Inform). There is no correlation with the size, the It is a comprehensive benchmarking data geographical location of the associations, Last example: the Master’s degrees Course on service bringing together a range of key or with considerations based on need for Euro-projecting, a national course organised performance data for local governments, capacity building. For example, the Spanish internally by the Italian AICCRE. With two alongside background and financial FEMP, the Slovakian ZMOS, the Austrian editions each year (one per semester), it is information. Users can view data STÄDTEBUND and the Croatian HRVZZ have managed by AICCRE in collaboration with on over 1000 individual items, make indicated training and capacity building as selected professors. It is open to LRGs and comparisons between their authority being a main activity. For the association of their employees. and other councils or groups of councils, Basque Municipalities (EUDEL), this is a key or construct their own reports bringing activity. EUDEL provides specific training for Alongside these activities, one of the main several data items together. women elected officials (network of mayors objectives and scope for the existence and councillors named “Basqueskola”) as well of the national associations is their as for all locally elected representatives (men representativeness and their capacity to and women) and for civil servants. speak for a number of local and regional C. Salary negotiation governments. Is their voice heard at the Those that cite it as a secondary activity national level? of local and regional include: the Association of Polish Cities (ZMP), governments’ workforce the Belgium BRULOCALIS, as well as the Maltese LCA, and the National Association of Portuguese Municipalities (ANMP). The negotiation of the pay of local/ regional government workforce is a Regarding the associations not exercising heterogeneous activity, since almost two this activity, this includes the three German thirds (19 associations) of the associations associations DLT, DST, RGRE, as well as the exercising this activity (32 in total) address Danish Regions (REGIONER), the Kosovar AKK, this issue as a main mission. Among them, we the Dutch IPO, and in the UK: COSLA and WLGA. find for instance both Danish associations, the It seems important to highlight the fact that, Bulgarian NAMRB, the Association of Towns except for Kosovo, the countries from which and Communities of Slovakia ZMOS, the the these associations originate have at least one Association of Local Authorities in Iceland

26 How are associations4 of towns and regions consulted? The right of local governments to be A register of lobbyists has existed in are also voluntary transparency registers for consulted by higher levels of government the European Parliament since 1995, commercial lobbyists or consultants, and for is a fundamental principle of European but it has never been compulsory to public relations specialists. legal and democratic practice, enshrined be registered. In 2008 the Commission in the European Charter of Local Self- launched its own register and the two In Poland, there has been a “Lobbying Act” in Government (Articles 4.6, 5, 9.6 and 10). The registers that of the European Parliament force since 2006. The Act aims to increase the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities and of the European Commission were transparency of lobbying in three ways: 1) an has issued a report on The consultation merged in 2011. obligation for the government to publish its of local authorities by higher levels of legislative agenda; 2) the creation of a lobby government17. It stresses the importance of register; 3) requiring all public authorities the formalisation of institutionalised and Of 41 countries, a transparency register participating in the law-making process to result-oriented consultation and provides exists only in 10 countries18 and is not always declare their lobby contacts. guidelines on the main elements an effective directly comparable with the European one. consultation should include. The important In Germany for instance, there is a national role of national associations of local and transparency register for the German In September 2016 the European regional governments is stressed. The report parliament (Bundestag) only. Of the 10 Commission came forward with its also addresses the difference between countries where a similar register exists, proposal for a mandatory Transparency consultation and lobbying. four countries have a mandatory register: Register, which for the first time has seen Germany, Cyprus, Greece, and Israel. efforts to introduce a compulsory register In the first part of this chapter, the question that would bind the working practices of the national transparency registers will be For the rest, it is a voluntary register. In of all three EU Institutions. In the addressed, before detailing the consultation Romania for example, the transparency Commission’s draft proposals for which processes in the 41 CEMR countries. register acts as a database open to all discussions are on-going, it clearly states organisations and persons that have lobbying that local and regional governments or advocacy activities: registration is on a and their representative associations A. National transparency voluntary basis. The register includes an index should be excluded from the scope of associations, foundations, federations, of the register. This recognises CEMR’s registers unions and other entities (like the one of the position that since national associations European Institutions). perform an institutional role, often recognised by national constitutional The objective of having a transparency In the United Kingdom, there is no or legal provisions, to articulate and register is to strengthen the framework transparency register similar to the one of represent the views of local government for a transparent and ethical interaction the European Institutions at the national at national, European and International between interest representatives and level. While there are no registers for Wales level, they should not be placed in the the European institutions. Transparent and Northern Ireland, in Scotland the same category as commercial lobbyists. lobbying helps to ensure democratic Lobbying Act 2016 entered into force on decision-making processes that are the 12th March 2018, but makes clear that open to scrutiny, at all stages of decision- Local Government communication does making and to foster the trust of not constitute lobbying. In England, there citizens. CEMR has consistently stated its support for more transparent policy- making. However, it has also underlined Is your association regularly consulted by central that national associations of local and government during the national legislative process? regional government should be treated differently from commercial lobbyists 2% 7% or single-issue interest groups. National associations are often recognised as being public institutions with legal Yes personality, a component of the State structure, or encompassing different No infranational tiers of government. The work of the associations is typically No answer steered by democratically elected representatives. 91%

17 CG35(2018)20 final, 8 November 2018, Rapporteur: Anders Knape 18 Austria, Croatia, Cyprus, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Lithuania, Romania, Slovenia.

29 B. Mandatory instance, mentioned the right to draft and/or the committees of the Georgian Parliament discuss amendments to national legislation. with a consultative voice. The association also consultation and process works with the Government of Georgia on efficiency The Spanish Constitution recognises issues that are linked to local governance and the uniqueness of the economic local development. 98 % of the national associations responding system of the Basque Country with to the survey are consulted by their central respect to the Central Government. Consultation based on other government during the national legislative Therefore, the Association of Basque documents process, on a regular basis for 91 % of them, Municipalities (EUDEL) has a specific even if the consultation is mandatory in and differentiated status anchored in The Netherlands is a particular example only one country out of two (55%). Several law, meaning that it must be consulted where the consultation of the associations consultation systems exist, depending on by the regional government regarding is based on a code of conduct. In 2004, the the nature of the document foreseeing the draft legislation with local impact. That central government and the representatives consultation of the associations. direct consultation of local government of sub-national governments drew up an (represented through EUDEL) is regulated Inter-Governmental Relationships Code19. Consultation based on the by an “early warning” body, consisting of According to its provisions, whenever Constitution locally elected representatives, whose new legislation and policies that affect main mission is to alert to possible local government are being drawn up, the Both Austrian associations must be consulted infringements of local self-government in Dutch VNG and IPO have to be consulted according to a Constitutional provision. They the preliminary design of draft legislation and must be given time to consult their are the constitutional representative bodies (bills and regulations) so that they can membership. of the Austrian local level (cities, towns and be corrected prior to their legislative municipalities). The Austrian consultation development. The North Macedonian association, ZELS, mechanism ensures local and regional which is anchored at the level of General governments’ right to a proper impact Law, explained that their consultation assessment of national legislation. Local The Association of Estonian Cities and is guaranteed by a Memorandum of government associations may even veto a Municipalities (AECM) explained that in Cooperation (MoC) that has been signed national law that does not correctly assess the addition to the mandatory consultation on together with the Government of the Republic (financial) impact for the local level, leading to legislation, the AECM takes part in the budget of North Macedonia. The MoC specifies that renegotiation. In case of non-respect of this negotiations. Indeed, while the draft budget is ZELS cooperates with the Government on obligation, local government associations, prepared, the Central Government and AECM the preparation of laws that concern local municipalities and/or regions can go to Court. make an agreement on the financial transfers government. ZELS representatives are part from the next year’s state budget to the of legislation drafting and analysing teams, In Albania, the Organic Law on Local municipalities. This agreement is annexed to contributing to the elaboration of laws and Self-Government ensures consultation the draft budget when sent to the Parliament. by-laws relevant for local self-government. between central government and local self- government units. A Consultative Council The National Association of Local Authorities While local government is recognised in has been established. It is a structure made of Georgia (NALAG) insisted on the fact that the Danish Constitution, there is no legal up of representatives of central and local NALAG representatives actually participate in framework for consultation procedures. governments, serving as a platform for dialogue.

Consultation based on law Is your consultation mandatory?

10 associations specifically mention 2% a Legislative Act as the basis for the compulsory nature of their consultation by the central government. For instance, Yes several associations such as the Bulgarian, the 43% Icelandic or the Lithuanian associations have No their right to be consulted anchored in a Local 55% Government Act. It should be noted that the No answer consultation only has to take place for draft legislation that might have an impact on local government, in terms of local finances for example. The Bulgarian NAMRB and the Association of Ukrainian Cities (AUC) for

19 BZK, 2005

30 Parliamentary rules of procedure stipulate bodies that play an important role in the of the Polish parliament) and the Senate to that all relevant partners are to be consulted decision-making process. Also, the Croatian submit comments on the draft legislation. prior to the presentation of a bill to County Association (HRVZZ) mentioned a parliament. There are established procedures participation in working groups, the signing In Norway, the consultation of the association on consultation with Local Government of common declarations as well as the takes place on a regular basis, settled on a Denmark (KL) on all legislation with a bearing existence of common conferences. mutual agreement between the association on local and regional governments. While and the government. Indeed, there is a purely consultative, this gives a degree of The consultation also depends on the topics system of consultation between KS and the predictability that enables proper policy that are addressed. In Germany, consultation Norwegian government which takes place development by local government. takes place whenever municipal rights three times a year, with predefined topics and are concerned, but not concerning all with different ministers in the government. KS Notwithstanding the examples cited, the legislative proposals on the federal level20. is also involved in examinations and hearings mandatory nature of a consultation is neither The national associations (DST, DStGB, on topics concerning the municipal and the guarantee of an efficient process, nor and DLT) are frequently consulted or can regional sector, and participates in hearings of the concrete taking into account of the provide their opinions on national level to in the Parliament on relevant matters. associations’ views . This is underlined by both the federal ministries and to the federal the Moldavian CALM and the Association of parliament (Bundestag). Furthermore, the The Serbian SKGO signed a Memorandum Municipalities and Towns of Slovenia (SOS). local government associations in the “Land” of Understanding with a number of are consulted on “Land” level. The frequency national institutions which are the basis for CALM explained that the provided opinions then depends on the corresponding “Land” cooperation on different topics, starting with are seldom considered, and that the legislation. the National Assembly, Government, relevant consultations are formal and obsolete. SOS ministries, etc. explained that in Slovenia, municipalities Several associations are regularly consulted must be consulted, but that the government through a committee (e.g. the Turkish TBB) is not obliged to follow the recommendations or a joint secretariat (like NILGA in Northern D. Other cases or comments from municipalities. Ireland), composed of representatives of local government associations and the Associations with no regular or government. The Hungarian association mandatory consultation C. Frequency of TÖOSZ explained that following a strategic partnership agreement with the Ministry of For two other associations, the Italian consultations Interior Affairs, a Council has been set up to association AICCRE and the Greek association work closely together and in a pre-set manner KEDE, consultation by central government Further comments made by the associations on all issues. explain how regular the consultation process is neither regular nor mandatory. Indeed, for the Greek association, consultation takes is, even though it is not legally mandatory. The Association of Polish Counties (ZPP) place at their own permanent request, while For instance, for the Flemish VVSG there is delegates its representatives to the Joint for AICCRE, the regularity of the consultation no formal consultative procedure that is Commission of Government and Local is managed through the State-Regions binding by law, but several informal contacts Government and has the right allocated by Conference and the State-Cities Conference. between members of staff and all those the regulations of the Sejm (lower house Therefore, the consultation is not mandatory for AICCRE, but only for associations with the official role of Syndicates of Local Associations Governments. 91% of associations are regularly are consulted consulted by their central government. in every Consultations regarding EU policies country Last but not least, for the Scottish association COSLA and both Austrian associations, a consultation process of the associations also exists in matters of EU Policies.

For the Austrian associations, according to the Austrian Constitution, the local (and regional) level has to be consulted and their positions considered on EU matters which impact the local level. As a result, both associations

20 The consultation is regulated by the rules of procedure of the Federal Government, Federal Council and German Bundestag.

31 have offices in the Austrian Permanent Representation in Brussels.

When creating national EU policies that directly affect local governments, civil servants use COSLA as a first contact point with regards to the Scottish Government Guidance on Handling EU Obligations and Influencing EU policy. The UK Government EU Policy Statement on local government helps scope the impact of EU law upon UK municipalities; and the new joint UK-Local Government body that is being developed with the UK Government helps deal with Brexit and repatriation of EU powers.

Within the Danish EU decision-making process, 33 “EU Special Committees” allow to formally shape government policy. In the four weeks allocated to preparing a Danish negotiating provision, the Committee will evaluate the judicial, administrative and economic impact of the proposal and whether it is at odds with Danish interests. The purpose of the EU-Special Committees is to prepare the Danish EU-mandate on the different issues. The EU Committee in the Parliament gives the final mandate to the ministers before going to a Council meeting. CEMR’s Danish associations KL and REGIONER are currently represented in ten committees.

For additional information and guidelines on how to make consultation processes even more effective and beneficial for all stakeholders, the Congress report is detailing concrete proposals and practices, while recalling the principles and what is at stake: democracy; and the importance of national associations of local and regional governments. Their role is crucial at national level. What about the European level? Representation in5 Europe Country Associations participating in the work of: CEMR CoR CLRAE | Congress Albania Albanian Association of Municipalities ● ● ● Austria Austrian Associations of Municipalities ● ● ● Austrian Association of Cities and Towns ● ● ● Belgium Association of the City and the Municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region ● ● Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities ● ● Union of Cities and Municipalities of Wallonia ● ● ● Bosnia and Herzegovina Association of Municipalities and Cities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina ● ● ● Association of Local Authorities of Republic of Srpska ● ● Bulgaria National Association of Municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria ● ● ● Croatia Croatian County Association ● ● ● Cyprus Union of Cyprus Municipalities ● ● ● Czech Republic Union of Towns and Municipalities of the Czech Republic ● ● ● Denmark Danish Regions ● ● ● Local Government Denmark ● ● ● Estonia Association of Estonian Cities and Municipalities ● ● ● Finland Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities ● ● ● France French Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions ● ● ● Georgia National Association of Local Authorities of Georgia ● ● ● Germany German Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions ● ● German County Association ● ● ● Association of German Cities ● ● ● German Association of Towns and Municipalities ● ● ● Greece Central Union of Municipalities of Greece ● ● ● Hungary Hungarian National Association of Local Authorities ● ● Iceland Association of Local Authorities in Iceland ● ● ● Ireland Local Government Management Agency ● Israel Federation of Local Authorities in Israel ● ● Italy Italian Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions ● ● ● Kosovo Association of Kosovo Municipalities ● ● ● Latvia Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments ● ● ● Lithuania Association of Local Authorities in Lithuania ● ● ● Luxembourg Association of Luxembourg Cities and Municipalities ● ● ● Malta Local Councils Association ● ● ● Moldova Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova ● ● ● Montenegro Union of Municipalities of Montenegro ● ● Netherlands Association of Provinces of the Netherlands ● ● ● Association of Netherlands Municipalities ● ● ● North Macedonia Association of the Units of Local Self-Government of the Republic of North Macedonia ● ● ● Norway Norwegian Association of Local and Regional Authorities ● ● ● Poland Association of Polish Counties ● ● ● Association of Polish Cities ● ● ● Portugal National Association of Portuguese Municipalities ● ● ● Romania National Union of County Councils of Romania ● ● ● Romanian Municipalities Association ● ● ● Association of Communes of Romania ● ● ● Serbia Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities of Serbia ● ● ● Slovakia Association of Towns and Communities of Slovakia ● ● ● Slovenia Association of Urban Municipalities of Slovenia ● ● Association of Municipalities and Towns of Slovenia ● ● ● Spain Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces ● ● ● Association of Basque Municipalities ● ● Sweden Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions ● ● ● Turkey Union of Municipalities of Turkey ● ● ● Ukraine Association of Ukrainian Cities ● United Kingdom Local Government Association ● ● ● Convention of Scottish Local Authorities ● ● ● Northern Ireland Local Government Association ● ● ● Welsh Local Government Association ● ● ●

35 The creation of the CEMR back in 1951 meant to participate in CEMR in the early 90’s. The CEMR structure allows for different that for the first time, local governments could This led to the merger of CEMR and the representatives of the associations to play a speak at the European level with a common European section of IULA (the International particular role within the organisation. voice. The desire of local governments Union of Local Authorities), creating the to reinforce their advocacy efforts at the largest and sole organisation regrouping all The governing bodies23 supranational level led to the creation of the national associations of local and regional Committee of the Regions of the European governments in Europe. The CEMR is a representative and democratic Union and the Congress of Local and political organisation. It has two governing Regional authorities of the Council of Europe. Nowadays, all tiers of sub-national bodies: the Policy Committee and the Both these Consultative chambers were governments are represented by our members Executive Bureau. established in 1993. The Committee of the (municipalities, provinces and regions), from Regions has an advisory role and is consulted 41 European countries. They are associations or The Policy Committee is the main decision- on all matters of the European Union that federations of local and regional governments. making body, composed of locally and have an impact on Local and Regional It is worth noting that CEMR does not represent regionally elected representatives nominated governance while the Congress monitors federal or quasi-federal entities so as not to by the CEMR member/national associations. the application of the European Charter of create conflicts of interest when speaking on Around 170 members, elected for a renewable Local Self-Government, the successor to the behalf of their members. The membership three-year mandate, usually gather twice a European Charter on local liberties, adopted comprises local, inter-municipal, provincial and year to approve the budget, the annual work by CEMR in 1953 as its first important political regional governments’ associations, but does programme and decide upon the main policy document. Nowadays, there exist a number not extend to the German Länder, the Belgian lines of the organisation. of other associations and networks that voice Regions or communities, or to Spanish Regions. local and regional concerns at the European Each national delegation is assigned a given level, usually focusing on a particular theme The European institutions have recognised number of seats based on the size of the or representing a single tier of government. the uniqueness of CEMR, and the value of country's population. CEMR applies a gender its contributions to developing EU policies equality policy that imposes to all of its that impact local and regional governments. members to nominate at least 40 % of each A. Council of European CEMR has worked extensively with the gender in their delegation. At present, CEMR’s committees of the European Parliament over Policy Committee is composed of 47 % of Municipalities and Regions the years, when issues of importance to local women and 53 % of men which makes it and regional governments have been under the only European organisation of local and Creation: 1951 the spotlight and when it has been necessary regional governments with such a gender Members: 60 to provide the specific local and regional equality standard. Countries represented: 41 government perspective. More info: www.cemr.eu The Executive Bureau members, i.e. CEMR’s CEMR’s added value contribution to shaping President, two Co-Presidents, the Executive The Council of European Municipalities and EU policies has been formally recognised Presidents, the Vice-Presidents, the Chair of Regions (CEMR) was founded in 1951, as a by the European Parliament following the the Financial Management Committee and community of mayors to support the creation adoption of its resolution in July 2018 that the Secretary General, are appointed by the of a united Europe based on empowered supports CEMR becoming a permanent Policy Committee members. The Bureau local self-governments. After the creation of consultant of the EU institutions when it is carries out the Committee’s decisions and the European Council of Municipalities (ECM), necessary for the sub-national level to be is responsible for CEMR’s work and policy and in order to mobilise the greatest number taken into account21. between Committee meetings. of interested municipalities, they soon regrouped themselves into national sections At intergovernmental level, the Urban Agenda Expert groups and other working in the original founding countries. Regions for the EU22 also recognises the role of the structures joined in the 1980s to create the Council of associations representing urban authorities European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR). and in particular, CEMR and Eurocities. The Following the priorities set by the governing Member States agreed to involve these two bodies, the associations assign experts, and/ With the growing interest of local and associations directly in further developments or a general representative to contribute regional governments in European affairs, of the EU Urban Agenda. In that capacity, to the work of CEMR, which is managed by the successive enlargements of the EU, the CEMR can both participate in, and propose the Secretariat. Its work is structured within fall of the Iron curtain, the opening up to the nomination of cities willing to engage in five thematic areas, which cover all relevant central Europe and the growing influence of one of the thematic partnerships. aspects of the lives of European citizens as European regulations on local and regional well as the local and regional governments policies, other National Associations of that represent them: Local and Regional Governments requested

21 In the European Parliament resolution of 3 July 2018 on the role of cities in the institutional framework of the Union - PA _TA_PROV 2018/0273 22 In the Pact of Amsterdam 23 For more information, please consult CEMR website: http://www.ccre.org/en/article/political_structure

36  Governance, democracy and citizenship European Union, and the interest in exchange Association of Local Authorities (TÖOSZ) and  Environment, climate and energy of knowledge and experience. the Irish Local Government Management  Economic, social and territorial cohesion Association (LGMA) are not coordinating nor  Local and regional public services The international scene assisting their delegation. management  International engagement and CEMR is also the European section of the In Italy, AICCRE does not officially coordinate a cooperation world organisation United Cities and Local delegation or assist individual members of the Governments (UCLG), through which Committee of the Regions, but it works with the There are 15 expert groups and two European local and regional governments are members of the Italian delegation. In Belgium, committees involving elected representatives represented on the international stage. none of CEMR’s associations play an official role following specific topics. The expert groups in of this kind, but they have contact with their 2019: There is an increasing recognition of the local members, notably in Wallonia (the association level by international organisations, such as is the Union of cities and municipalities of  Expert group on governance, local the United Nations (UN) and the Organisation Wallonia, UVCW). democracy and citizenship for European Cooperation and Development  Expert group on town twinning (OECD). The UN recognises local governments Five associations from non-EU countries are  Task Force on Migration and Refugees as key actors to reach the Sustainable involved in the CoR’s consultative committees:  Standing Committee for Equality of Development Goals (SDGs) and to tackle Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo, women and men in local life climate change. the Republic of North Macedonia, and  Expert Group on the European Charter for Serbia. The Serbian association, SKGO, does Equality of women and men in local life CEMR leads PLATFORMA, the European not formally coordinate a delegation, but  Committee of young local and regional coalition of local and regional governments contributes to all activities of the Secretariat, elected representatives and their associations involved in which is based in the Ministry of Public  Expert group on waste development cooperation. CEMR member Administration and Local Self-Government.  Expert group on the climate and energy associations are partners of PLATFORMA24. SKGO also assists the five individual members transition of the Joint Consultative Committee, CoR-  Expert group on mobility Serbia, who are appointed by the SKGO  Expert group on territorial cohesion B. Committee of the Presidency. A similar Joint Consultative  Expert group on local finances Committee is currently being negotiated  Expert group on local and regional Regions for Turkey and the United Kingdom, taking government as employers into account the probable withdrawal of the  Expert group on public services and Creation: 1994 United Kingdom from the EU. e-government Members: 350  Expert group on digitalisation Countries represented: 28 The Moldavian association CALM, and  Task Force on SDGs More info: www.cor.europa.eu the Georgian association NALAG, provide  Expert group on research and studies assistance to their members in the Conference The European Committee of the Regions of Regional and Local Authorities for the CEMR’s structure allows for the nomination (CoR) has 350 members representing local Eastern Partnership (CORLEAP), the political of politicians as spokespersons on specific and regional governments from all 28 EU forum of local and regional governments topics. They are involved in the preparation Member States. They gather in plenary from the European Union and the Eastern and presentation of policy papers and express sessions in Brussels five to six times a year Partnership countries set up in 201125. Ukraine CEMR’s concerns and views to the European to discuss political priorities and adopt is also part of CORLEAP. institutions and within the wider global arena. opinions on EU legislation and policy. The working committees play an important role The European Economic Area (EEA) European Specific strategies have been developed and this is where the detailed drafting of the Free Trade Association (EFTA) Forum was set within each expert group to address the reports takes place. In addition to CEMR’s up by a decision of the Standing Committee challenges under consideration and to best collaboration with the CoR, the involvement of the EFTA States26 as an informal body to represent the local and regional government of the associations of local and regional involve elected representatives from local case, drawing on the evidence from research governments in coordinating, assisting, and regional governments in EEA matters. and studies, by lobbying, and undertaking advising or exchanging with CoR members The Forum works closely with other EEA EFTA joint projects. supports and strengthens the CoR’s work bodies and has established links with the Committee of the Regions of the European The regularity and the work of the expert In 26 out of the 28 Members States, local Union. Although the Icelandic (SAMBAND) groups depend on the involvement, and regional government associations are and Norwegian (KS) associations are not dedication and expertise of the associations, in touch with their national delegation or mentioned specifically in the Standing as well as on the legislative programme of the individual members. The Hungarian National Committee decision, they are de facto

24 For additional information on PLATFORMA, please consult the website: http://platforma-dev.eu/ 25 Countries involved in the CORLEAP: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine. 26 The EFTA Member States are Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland.

37 significantly involved in the work of the of the CoR upon their request, like the national Danish associations, and the AMR of Forum. Their boards nominate members of the Union of Towns and Municipalities of the Romania. Forum and they have the main responsibility Czech Republic (SMO ČR), the Polish ZMP, of organising its meetings. the Slovakian association of Towns and 14 associations provide the a secretariat for Communities (ZMOS), etc. In the UK, NILGA the members of their national delegations Level of involvement of the and WLGA assist their individual members within the CLRAE. For instance, both associations in the work of the respectively from Northern Ireland and Wales. Austrian associations act as the secretariat Committee of the Regions The National Association of Portuguese of the national delegation, together with Municipalities (ANMP) explained that it is the region of Tyrol. The secretary of the Not all associations have the same level of part of a shared network, working together Romanian delegation is an employee of involvement in coordinating a delegation or with the government and the permanent the National Union of County Councils of individual members in the CoR. representation of Portugal in Brussels. Romania (UNCJR). The Georgian association, NALAG, serves as a national secretariat for Although members of the Committee of In total, directly or indirectly, 48 associations the Georgian delegation to the Congress, and the Regions are formally nominated by their from 36 CEMR countries are coordinating or the secretary of the Georgian delegation is national governments, some associations assisting a delegation or individual(s) at the also a full-time staff member of NALAG. The are involved in the nomination process of Committee of the Regions. Latvian Association communicates with the their national CoR delegation. In France, Secretariat of the Congress on administrative several associations share the coordination issues concerning members’ involvement in of the French delegation. In Austria, both C. Council of Europe: Congress activities. The Serbian association, associations have the right to propose three SKGO, provide the secretariat of the Serbian members to the Austrian delegation. In Congress of Local and Delegation within the CLRAE, formally Denmark, three members and three alternate Regional Authorities designated by the government of Serbia. The members are proposed by the regional level Union of Municipalities of Montenegro (UOM) (REGIONER). In Slovenia, the Association of Creation: 1994 prepares statements for individual members Municipalities and Towns (SOS) proposes Members/Countries: 47 and prepares inputs for CLRAE reports on four members, five alternate members, More info: www.coe.int local democracy. and the national coordinator. In the UK, the English LGA proposes 16 full members, and In all the 41 countries covered by the CEMR, 10 associations play a role in the designation 16 alternates; the Scottish COSLA proposes at least one association is involved in the of CLRAE representatives. This is the case for two full members and two alternates; and the coordination or assistance of individual instance for the Belgian association UVCW, Welsh and Northern Irish associations each members of the Congress of Local and which designates one member and two propose one full and one alternate member. Regional Authorities of the Council of Europe substitutes, the German association DStGB, (CLRAE or Congress); except for Ireland and and the Icelandic association, SAMBAND, In Romania, all three associations are Ukraine. Some members of the board of the which nominates the whole Icelandic heavily involved in CoR activities. The Association of Ukrainian Cities (AUC) are delegation to the Congress. Romanian delegation has 15 members members of the Congress. The achievements, and 15 alternates. The Association decisions, issues raised at the sessions and In total, directly or indirectly, 55 associations of Romanian Municipalities (AMR) meetings of the Congress are disseminated (out of 58) from 40 CEMR countries are puts forward three members and among the AUC members. coordinating or assisting a delegation or three alternates. There is also an AMR individual(s) at the Congress of Local and representation office in Brussels that Regarding the number of members and Regional Authorities. provides assistance to its members at the substitutes coordinated by the national Committee of the Regions and attends associations in the CLRAE, both the the meetings in Brussels. The Association Association of Local Authorities of Republic D. Other European of Communes of Romania (ACOR) has of Srpska (ALVRS) and the Flemish VVSG are three full members and three alternates represented by one member as well as one networks or associations in the European Committee of the substitute. COSLA or AMR coordinate two The members of the national associations Regions. The National Union of County members. The Maltese LCA coordinates three of local and regional governments can also Councils of Romania (UNCJR) has six full members as well as three substitutes, and the be part of other European networks, usually members and six alternates. Serbian Standing Conference of Towns and more focused in terms of representativeness Municipalities (SKGO) delegates six members (big cities, only maritime regions, etc.) or Some associations play the role of coordinators: and six substitutes. in Finland (the Association of Finnish Local topics covered (energy, climate, etc.). There is a tradition of collaboration between networks, and Regional Authorities), in the Netherlands, Six associations provide assistance to the when combined forces can have a greater in Lithuania, in Cyprus, in the UK (the LGA), in members and/or substitutes in CLRAE: the impact. CEMR cooperates with all of them Romania both AMR and UNCJR, etc. Belgian VVSG and UVCW, the Association of where there are common interests or where Many are not the official coordinators but Municipalities and Cities of the Federation of joint lobbying action is required. To name but provide support to individual members Bosnia and Herzegovina (SOGFBiH), the two

38 a few examples, the Association of European per capita emissions do not exceed 2.5 250,000, play a central role across its region Border Regions, the Association of European tonnes CO2 through renewable and efficient and encompass an international dimension. Regions, Climate Alliance, the Conference energy usage, to support climate justice in Founded in 1986, it intends to provide such of Peripheral Maritime Regions, Energy partnership with indigenous peoples through cities with a networking platform where Cities, Eurocities, the European Association supporting their initiatives and refraining they can share best practices and participate of Development Agencies, and the network from consumption of unsustainably managed in working groups related to European of Local Governments for Sustainability are tropical timber. urban issues. A Brussels office monitors and partners CEMR often cooperates with. seeks to influence EU policy in favour of city Conference of Peripheral Maritime governments and works for their voice to be Association of European Border Regions heard during decision making processes. Regions Creation: 1973 European Association of Creation: 1971 Members: 160 Development Agencies Members: 10 Countries represented: 25 Countries represented: 39 More info: www.cpmr.org Creation: 1992 More info: www.aebr.eu Members: 78 The Conference of Peripheral Maritime Countries represented: 23 The Association of European Border Regions Regions (CPMR) is a network of 160 Regions More info: www.eurada.org was created in 1971 to bring together ten from 25 European countries. It acts as both border regions from around Europe. Its aim a think tank and a lobby, focusing on blue The European Association of Development is to support cross-border cooperation and growth and maritime policy as well as social, Agencies (EURADA), founded in 1992, brings represent the interests of border and cross- economic and territorial cohesion. Created in together experts working on economic border areas at European, national and 1973, its principal activities centre around six development from 23 European countries regional levels. Geographical Commissions covering Europe’s through a network of 78 members. Its maritime basin: the North Sea, the Atlantic areas of activity contribute to the European Assembly of European Regions Arc, the Balkans and the Black Sea, the Baltic Commission’s (EC) policies for innovation in Sea, the Mediterranean and European Islands. SMEs and Smart specialisation strategies. Creation: 1985 EURADA is also involved in EC funded Members: 47 Energy Cities projects such as the European Migrant Countries represented: 8 Entrepreneurship Network, Erasmus+ and More info: www.aer.eu Creation: 1990 three Interreg projects. Members: 1,000 The Assembly of European Regions (AER) Countries represented: 30 Local Governments for was formed in 1985 prompted by politicians More info: www.energy-cities.eu Sustainability in favour of regionalism who gathered representatives from 47 regions in France, Energy Cities is the European association of local Creation: 1990 Spain, Portugal, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, governments in energy transition. Founded Members: 160 Belgium and the United Kingdom. The AER in 1990, it represents 1,000 towns and cities Countries represented: 35 has since been advocating for regional across 30 countries. It aims to accelerate the More info: www.iclei.org rights. Today, the AER is composed of three shift towards sustainable power supply and to committees focusing on territorial innovation find innovative ways of reducing cities’ energy and regional development, social policy and consumption. Their three-tiered approach Local Governments for Sustainability (ICLEI) public health and culture, education and youth. focuses on developing democratically was founded in 1990 as the International managed energy sources, divesting financial Council for Local Environmental Initiatives. Climate Alliance investments from the fossil fuel industry and It brings together cities, towns and regions giving local governments more say in decision to support them in project preparation and Creation: 1990 concerning the infrastructure, production and advocates for urban sustainability policies. Members: 1,700 provision of energy. This covers a holistic set of fields ranging from Countries represented: 26 climate change mitigation and adaptation, More info: www.climatealliance.org Eurocities smart cities, and the circular economy to urban governance. It has over 160 members Climate Alliance is a network of 1,700 Creation: 1986 from more than 35 European countries. European cities and municipalities committed Members: 140 to reducing greenhouse gases and to act Countries represented: 39 in solidarity with indigenous communities More info: www.eurocities.eu in the Amazon basin. Founded in 1990, its Brussels secretariat supports its members Eurocities is a network regrouping 140 major in reaching three main goals: reducing CO2 cities in Europe. To become a full member, emissions by 10% every 5 years, ensuring a city must have a minimum population of

39 Conclusion

For local democracy, national governance or European governance: associations of local and regional governments are fundamental. They represent towns and regions, they are the governance level, which is the closest to citizens, where public services, legislation and policies have a direct impact on individuals, on the community, and on society.

Whether directly or not, whether alone or in cooperation with other associations, CEMR’s member associations are key in uniting the voice, the needs, the interests and the knowledge of local and regional governments. Their structure, their nature, their organisation and their staff highlight the recognition of their importance and the need to improve the formalisation and the de facto effectiveness of their institutional role.

Their daily activities and missions demonstrate the need they are addressing. Their role in the legislative procedure and the consultation mechanisms is vital for the development and implementation of more pertinent and adequate policies and public action.

Common understanding and efficient governance in partnership is needed now more than ever. And their voice at the European and international levels needs to be heard, when so many decisions and objectives are interconnected in a horizontal as well as vertical way: as exemplified by the Sustainable Development Goals.

The aim of this study is to shed light on the national associations of local and regional governments (which are members of the CEMR) but also to call on strengthening their position, their structure and their capacities. They are major players in constituting and implementing the way we live together in a city, in a region, in a country, in Europe, and in the world. Local and regional government associations at a glance Albania

The Republic of Albania is a unitary state composed of municipalities (bashkia) - the basic level of local self-government, and the regions (qarku) - the second tier of local self-government.

CEMR in Albania: Albanian Association of Municipalities

Albanian Association of Municipalities (SHBSH)

Membership and coverage • 61 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Albanian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in organic law

Staff 3 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.aam.org.al

44 Austria

Austria is a federal state composed of municipalities (Gemeinden) and regions (Länder).

CEMR in Austria: Association of Cities and Towns Association of Austrian Municipalities

Association of Cities and Association of Austrian Towns (STAEDTEBUND) Municipalities (GEMEINDEBUND)

Membership and coverage • 255 members (cities and towns) • 10 members (regional • 70 % of the Austrian population ­associations) • 70 % of the Austrian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the constitution • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 20 employees (full-time) 14 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓ ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.staedtebund.gv.at www.gemeindebund.at

45 Belgium

Belgium is a federal state composed of municipalities (gemeenten in Dutch and communes in French), provinces (provincies/provinces), regions (gewesten/regions) and communities (gemeenschappen/­ communautés).

CEMR in Belgium: Union of Belgian Cities and Municipalities26 Association of the City and the Municipalities of the Brussels Capital Region Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities Union of Cities and Municipalities of Wallonia

Association of the City and Association of Flemish Union of Cities and the Municipalities of the Cities and Municipalities Municipalities of Wallonia Brussels Capital Region (VVSG) (UVCW) (BRULOCALIS)

Membership • 22 members (communes, inter- • 308 members (local authorities) • 262 members (cities and towns) and coverage communal associations) • 100 % of the Flemish population • 100 % of the Walloon population • 100 % of the Brussels population

Nature of • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons association • Enshrined in general law • Created by a decision taken by • Enshrined in general law the members

Staff 30 employees (full-time) 130 employees (full-time) 60 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend ✓ ✓ ✓ members’ interests

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ ✓ ✓ ✓ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓ ✓

More info www.brulocalis.be www.vvsg.be www.uvcw.be

26 The Union of Belgian Cities and Municipalities, a national section of CEMR, is the federation of CEMR member associations of municipalities, cities and provinces of the three regions: BRULOCALIS for Brussels Capital Region, UVCW for Wallonia and VVSG for Flanders.

46 Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a federal state divided into two entities: the Republic of Srpska (RS) and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), and Brcko District, which has a special district status that falls outside of the jurisdiction of the Republic of Srpska. The Republic of Srpska is composed of munici- palities (opština) and the FBiH is composed of municipalities (općina) and counties (kantoni).

CEMR in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Association of Municipalities and Cities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Association of Local Authorities of Republic of Srpska

Association of Association of Local Municipalities and Cities Authorities of Republic of of the Federation of Srpska (ALVRS) Bosnia and Herzegovina (SOGFBiH)

Membership and coverage • 80 members (local authorities) • 64 members (towns and • 100 % of the Federation of Bosnia municipalities) and Herzegovina’s population • 100 % of the Republic of Srpska’s population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law • Enshrined in general law

Staff 8 employees (full-time) 9 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.sogfbih.ba www.alvrs.com

47 Bulgaria

Bulgaria is a unitary state with one level of local self-governance: the municipality (obshtina).

CEMR in Bulgaria: National Association of Municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria

National Association of Municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria (NAMRB)

Membership and coverage • 265 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Bulgarian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 55 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.namrb.org

48 Croatia

Croatia is a unitary state composed of municipalities, towns and cities (grad), and counties (županija).

CEMR in Croatia: Croatian County Association

Croatian County Association (HRVZZ)

Membership and coverage • 21 members (counties and the city of Zagreb) • 100 % of the national population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 4 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.hrvzz.hr

49 Cyprus

Cyprus is a unitary state composed of communities (koinotites) and municipalities (dimoi).

CEMR in Cyprus: The Union of Cyprus Municipalities

The Union of Cyprus Municipalities (UCM)

Membership and coverage • 39 members (municipalities) • 71 % of the national population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 12 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications

More info www.ucm.org.cy

50 Czech Republic

The Czech Republic is a unitary state composed of municipalities (obec) and regions (kraje).

CEMR in the Czech Republic: Union of Towns and Municipalities of the Czech Republic

Union of Towns and Municipalities of the Czech Republic (SMO ČR)

Membership and coverage • 2,734 members (municipalities) • 78.98 % of the Czech population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 56 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.smocr.cz

51 Denmark

Denmark is a unitary state composed of municipalities (kommuner) and regions (regioner).

CEMR in Denmark: Danske Regioner Local Government Denmark

Danske Regioner Local Government (REGIONER) Denmark (KL)

Membership and coverage • 5 members (regions) • 98 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Danish population • 100 % of the Danish population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law • Enshrined in none of the defined legal categories

Staff 170 employees (full-time) 400 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓ ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.regioner.dk www.kl.dk

52 Estonia

Estonia is a unitary state composed of rural municipalities (vald) and cities (linn).

CEMR in Estonia: Association of Estonian Cities and Municipalities

Association of Estonian Cities and Municipalities (AECM)

Membership and coverage • 74 members (municipalities) • 99 % of the Estonian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 19 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies

Publications ✓

More info www.elvl.ee

53 Finland

Finland is a unitary state composed of municipalities (kunta) and regions (maakunnan liitto).

CEMR in Finland: Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities

Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities (AFLRA)

Membership and coverage • 311 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Finnish population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in multiple legal categories

Staff 220 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.kuntaliitto.fi

54 France

France is a unitary state composed of municipalities (communes), intercommunalities (intercommunalités), departments (départements) and regions (régions).

CEMR in France: French Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions French Association of Mayors27

French Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (AFCCRE)

Membership and coverage • 1,000 members (municipalities, intercommunalities, departments, regions) • 76 % of the French population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 11 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.afccre.org

27 Associate member under an agreement with AFCCRE.

55 Georgia

Georgia is a unitary state composed of municipalities (minucipaliteti) and self-governing cities (tvitmmart- veli qalaqebi).

CEMR in Georgia: National Association of Local Authorities of Georgia

National Association of Local Authorities of Georgia (NALAG)

Membership and coverage • 64 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Georgian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 16 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.nala.ge

56 Germany

Germany is a federal state composed of the federal and the regional level. Municipalities (Gemeinden), cities (Städte) and counties (Landkreise) are a constitutional part of the regions (Länder).

CEMR in Germany: German Association of CEMR German County Association Association of German Cities German Association of Towns and Municipalities

German Association of German County Association CEMR (RGRE) (DLT)

Membership and coverage • 800 members • 13 members • Umbrella association (regional associations) • 68 % of German population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Registered association • Enshrined in the constitution (eingetragener Verein) • Enshrined in general law

Staff 3 employees (full-time) 25 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.rgre.de www.landkreistag.de

58 Association of German German Association of Cities (DST) Towns and Municipalities (DStGB)

Membership and coverage • 3,400 members (local authorities) • 17 members • 62 % of the German population (11,000 municipalities) • 60 % of the German population

Nature of association • Unregistered association (like • Association of legal persons political parties, trade unions or • Enshrined in general law religious communities) • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 120 employees (full-time) 30 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.staedtetag.de www.dstgb.de

59 Greece

Greece is a unitary state composed of municipalities (dimos) and self-governing regions (peripheria).

CEMR in Greece: Central Union of Municipalities of Greece

Central Union of Municipalities of Greece (KEDE)

Membership and coverage • 13 members (regional associations of municipalities) • 100 % of the Greek population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 23 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.kedke.gr

60 Hungary

Hungary is a unitary state composed of municipalities (települések), towns (városok), towns with county rank (megyei jogú városok), capital town districts (fővárosi kerületek), the city of Budapest and counties (megyék).

CEMR in Hungary: Hungarian National Association of Local Authorities28

Hungarian National Association of Local Authorities (TÖOSZ)

Membership and coverage • 1,614 members (municipalities) • 30 % of the Hungarian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 6 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.toosz.hu

28 There are seven member associations of the CEMR in Hungary, and the Hungarian National Association of Local Authorities is the CEMR contact point for all. The six other associations are: the Hungarian Association of Local Governments (MÖSZ), Hungarian Village Association (MFSZ), Association of Small Cities (KÖOÉSZ), National Association of Communes and Small Municipalities (KÖSZ), Association of Towns with County Rank (MJVSZ), National Association of County Local Governments (MÖOSZ).

61 Iceland

Iceland is a unitary state composed of municipalities (sveitarfélög).

CEMR in Iceland: Association of Local Authorities in Iceland

Association of Local Authorities in Iceland (SAMBAND)

Membership and coverage • 72 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Icelandic population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 28 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.samband.is

62 Ireland

Ireland is a unitary state composed of two levels of local government: the first tier is composed of municipal districts, cities, and counties and the second tier is composed of regions.

CEMR in Ireland: Local Government Management Agency

Local Government Management Agency (LGMA)

Membership and coverage • 31 members (local authorities) • 100 % of the Irish population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in a regulation or decision adopted by an executive body

Staff 101 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.lgma.ie

63 Israel

Israel is a unitary state composed of regional councils (moatsa ezorit), local councils (moatsa mekomit) and municipalities (iria).

CEMR in Israel: Federation of Local Authorities in Israel

Federation of Local Authorities in Israel (MASHAM)

Membership and coverage • 257 members (local authorities and regional councils) • 100 % of the Israeli population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 60 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.masham.org.il

64 Italy

Italy is a unitary state composed of municipalities (Comuni), provinces (province), metropolitan cities (Città metropolitane) and regions (Regioni).

CEMR in Italy: Italian Association of Municipalities, Provinces and Regions

Italian Association of local authorities (AICCRE)

Membership and coverage • 2,200 members (municipalities, cities, metropolitan cities, provinces and regions) • 95 % of the Italian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the Italian Civil code

Staff 9 employees (part-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.aiccre.it

65 Kosovo

The Republic of Kosovo is a decentralised unitary government. Kosovo is divided into two territorial levels: municipality (Komunë in Albanian and Opstina in Serbian) and settlement (fshat /selo).

CEMR in Kosovo: Association of Kosovo Municipalities

Association of Kosovo Municipalities (AKK)

Membership and coverage • 34 members (municipalities) • 98 % of the population in Kosovo

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in regulations or decisions adopted by an executive body

Staff 13 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.komunat-ks.net

66 Latvia

Latvia is a unitary state composed of municipalities (novads) and cities (pilsēta). The creation of new regional governments has been postponed and the elements of regional governments are fulfilled by five planning regions.

CEMR in Latvia: Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments

Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments (LPS)

Membership and coverage • 119 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Latvian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 35 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.lps.lv

67 Lithuania

Lithuania is a unitary state composed of municipalities (savivaldybė).

CEMR in Lithuania: Association of Local Authorities in Lithuania

Association of Local Authorities in Lithuania (LSA)

Membership and coverage • 60 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Lithuanian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 18 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies

Publications ✓

More info www.lsa.lt

68 Luxembourg

Luxembourg is a unitary state composed of municipalities (municipalités).

CEMR in Luxembourg: Association of Luxembourg Cities and Municipalities

Association of Luxembourg Cities and Municipalities (SYVICOL)

Membership and coverage • 102 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Luxembourgish population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 5 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies

Publications ✓

More info www.syvicol.lu

69 Malta

Malta is a unitary state composed of local councils (kunsill lokali).

CEMR in Malta: Local Councils’ Association

Local Councils’ Association (LCA)

Membership and coverage • 480 members (local councils and regional committees) • 89 % of the Maltese population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 4 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.lca.org.mt

70 Moldova

The Republic of Moldova is a unitary state composed of two levels of local government. The first tier is composed by: villages (sate), communes (comune), cities (orașe) and municipalities (municipii). The sec- ond tier is formed of districts (raioane), the Gagauzia Autonomous Territorial Administrative Unit and the ­municipalities of Chisinau and Balti.

CEMR in Moldova: Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova

Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova (CALM)

Membership and coverage • 800 members (municipalities) • 90 % of the Moldovan population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in multiple legal categories

Staff 10 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.calm.md

71 Montenegro

Montenegro is a unitary state composed of municipalities (opština).

CEMR in Montenegro: The Union of Municipalities of Montenegro

The Union of Municipalities of Montenegro (UOM)

Membership and coverage • 23 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Montenegrin population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 11 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.uom.me

72 Netherlands

The Kingdom of the Netherlands is a constitutional monarchy. The state of the Netherlands is a decentral- ised unitary state composed of municipalities (gemeenten) and provinces (provincies) and water boards (waterschappen).

CEMR in Netherlands: Association of Provinces of the Netherlands Association of Netherlands Municipalities

Association of Provinces of Association of Netherlands the Netherlands (IPO) Municipalities (VNG)

Membership and coverage • 12 members (provinces) • 355 members (cities and towns) • 100 % of the Dutch population • 100 % of the Dutch population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Created by a decision taken by • Created by a decision taken by the members the members

Staff 50 employees (full-time) 220 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓ ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.ipo.nl www.vng.nl

73 North Macedonia

The Republic of North Macedonia is a unitary state composed of municipalities (opstina).

CEMR in North Macedonia: Association of the Units of Local Self-Government of the Republic of North ­Macedonia

Association of the Units of Local Self-Government of the Republic of North Macedonia (ZELS)

Membership and coverage • 81 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Macedonian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 16 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.zels.org.mk

74 Norway

Norway is a unitary state composed of municipalities (kommune) and counties (fylkeskommune).

CEMR in Norway: Norwegian Association of Local and Regional Authorities

Norwegian Association of Local and Regional Authorities (KS)

Membership and coverage • 439 members (municipalities and counties) • 100 % of the Norwegian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Created by a decision taken by the members

Staff 250 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.ks.no

75 Poland

Poland is a unitary state composed of municipalities (gminy), counties (powiaty) and regions (voivodship- województwo).

CEMR in Poland: Association of Polish Counties Association of Polish Cities

Association of Polish Association of Polish Cities Counties (ZPP) (ZMP)

Membership and coverage • 307 members (counties) • 201 members (cities and towns) • 71 % of the Polish population • 72 % of Poland’s urban population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 21 employees (full-time) 30 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.zpp.pl www.zmp.poznan.pl

76 Portugal

Portugal is a unitary state composed of parishes (freguesias), municipalities (municípios) and autonomous regions (Açores and Madeira).

CEMR in Portugal: National Association of Portuguese Municipalities

National Association of Portuguese Municipalities (ANMP)

Membership and coverage • 308 members (municipalities) • 100 % of the Portuguese population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 24 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.anmp.pt

77 Romania

Romania is a unitary state composed of municipalities (comune), towns (orase), cities (municipii) and counties (judete).

CEMR in Romania: National Union of County Councils of Romania Romanian Municipalities Association Association of Communes of Romania

National Union of County Romanian Municipalities Association of Communes Councils of Romania Association (AMR) of Romania (ACOR) (UNCJR)

Membership • 41 members (counties) • 109 members (municipalities and • 1,750 members (communes) and coverage • 91 % of the Romanian population Bucharest sectors) • 87 % of population • 50 % of the Romanian population

Nature of • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons association • Enshrined in general law • Enshrined in a regulation or • Enshrined in general law decision adopted by an executive body

Staff 12 employees (full-time) 15 employees (full-time) 8 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend ✓ ✓ ✓ members’ interests

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ ✓ ✓ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.uncjr.ro ww.amr.ro www.acor.ro

78 Serbia

Serbia is a unitary state composed of municipalities (opstina), cities (grad) and autonomous provinces (autonomne pokrajine).

CEMR in Serbia: Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities of Serbia

Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities of Serbia (SKGO)

Membership and coverage • 170 members (cities, municipalities and city municipalities) • 100 % of the Serbian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 66 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.skgo.org

79 Slovakia

Slovakia is a unitary state composed of municipalities (obec) and self-governing regions (samosprávny kraj).

CEMR in Slovakia: Association of Towns and Communities of Slovakia

Association of Towns and Communities of Slovakia (ZMOS)

Membership and coverage • 2,786 members (towns and city boroughs) • 89 % of the Slovak population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the constitution

Staff 29 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.zmos.sk

80 Slovenia

Slovenia is a unitary state composed of municipalities (občin).

CEMR in Slovenia: Slovenian Association of Urban Municipalities Association of Municipalities and Towns of Slovenia

Slovenian Association Association of of Urban Municipalities Municipalities and Towns of (ZMOS) Slovenia (SOS)

Membership and coverage • 11 members (urban • 175 members (municipalities and municipalities) towns) • 35 % of the Slovene population • 80 % of the Slovene population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law • Enshrined in general law

Staff 3 employees (full-time) 7 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.zmos.si www.skupnostobcin.si

81 Spain

Spain is a unitary state composed of municipalities (municipios), county councils (diputaciones), Canary Island county councils (cabildos), Balearic Island county councils (consejos insulares), autonomous cities (ciudades autónomas) and autonomous communities (comunidades autónomas).

CEMR in Spain: Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces Association of Basque Municipalities

Spanish Federation Association of Basque of Municipalities and Municipalities (EUDEL) Provinces (FEMP)

Membership and coverage • 7,366 members (town councils, • 256 members (local governments provincial councils and island and inter-municipal cooperation councils) bodies) • 98 % of Spanish population • 99 % of the Basque population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law • Enshrined in general law

Staff 119 employees (full-time) 19 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓ ✓

Research and studies ✓ ✓

Publications ✓ ✓

More info www.femp.es www.eudel.eus

82 Sweden

Sweden is a unitary state composed of municipalities (kommuner), county councils (landsting) and regions (regioner).

CEMR in Sweden: Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions

Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SKL)

Membership and coverage • 310 members (local authorities and regions) • 100 % of the Swedish population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Created by a decision taken by the members

Staff 380 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.skl.se

83 Turkey

Turkey is a unitary state composed of villages (köy), municipalities (belediye) and special provincial administrations (il özel idaresi).

CEMR in Turkey: Union of Municipalities of Turkey

Union of Municipalities of Turkey (TBB)

Membership and coverage • 1,398 members (municipalities) • 93 % of the Turkish population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 163 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.tbb.gov.tr

84 Ukraine

Ukraine is a unitary state composed of villages (sela), towns (selyshcha), cities (mista), districts (rayony) and regions (oblasti).

CEMR in Ukraine: Ukrainian Association of District and Regional Councils29 Association of Ukrainian Cities

Association of Ukrainian Cities (AUC)

Membership and coverage • 742 members (cities) • 80 % of the Ukrainian population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law

Staff 62 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.auc.org.ua

29 The association did not respond to the survey.

85 United Kingdom

The United Kingdom is a unitary state with certain characteristics of a federal state, with three separate local government jurisdictions following the implementation of the 1997 devolution agenda in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

CEMR in the United Kingdom: Local Government Association Convention of Scottish Local Authorities Northern Ireland Local Government Association Welsh Local Government Association

Local Government Convention of Scottish Association (LGA) Local Authorities (COSLA)

Membership and coverage • 350 members (municipalities) • 32 members (municipalities) • 99 % of the English population • 76.4 % of the Scottish population

Nature of association • Unlimited company • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in general law • Created by a decision taken by the members

Staff 250 employees (full-time) 50 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓ ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.local.gov.uk www.cosla.gov.uk

86 Northern Ireland Local Welsh Local Government Government Association Association (WLGA) (NILGA)

Membership and coverage • 11 members (councils) • 28 members (local authorities, • 100 % of the Northern Irish fire and rescue authorities, natio- population nal park authorities) • 100 % of the Welsh population

Nature of association • Association of legal persons • Association of legal persons • Enshrined in the constitution • Enshrined in general law

Staff 9 employees (full-time) 56 employees (full-time)

Activities main secondary main secondary

Influence governments through policy and campaigning / defend members’ interests ✓ ✓

Negotiate the pay of local and regional governments’ workforce ✓

Exchange of good practices/ knowledge sharing ✓ ✓

Training/ capacity building ✓

Research and studies ✓

Publications ✓

More info www.nilga.org www.wlga.gov.uk

87 List of associations which took part in the study

• Albania • Kosovo Albanian Association of Municipalities (SHBSH) Association of Kosovo Municipalities (AKK) • Austria • Latvia Association of Cities and Towns (STAEDTEBUND) Latvian Association of Local and Regional Governments (LPS) Association of Austrian Municipalities (GEMEINDEBUND) • Lithuania • Belgium Association of Local Authorities in Lithuania (LSA) Association of the City and the Municipalities of the Brussels- • Luxembourg Capital Region (BRULOCALIS) Association of Luxembourg Cities and Municipalities (SYVICOL) Association of Flemish Cities and Municipalities (VVSG) Union of Cities and Municipalities of Wallonia (UVCW) • Malta Local Councils Association (LCA) • Bosnia and Herzegovina Association of Municipalities and Cities of the Federation of Bosnia • Moldova and Herzegovina (SOGFBiH) Congress of Local Authorities of Moldova (CALM) Association of Local Authorities of Republic of Srpska (ALVRS) • Montenegro • Bulgaria Union of Municipalities of Montenegro (UOM) National Association of Municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria • Netherlands (NAMRB) Association of Provinces of the Netherlands (IPO) • Croatia Association of Netherlands Municipalities (VNG) Croatian County Association (HRVZZ) • North Macedonia • Cyprus Association of Units of Local Self-Government of the Republic of Union of Cyprus Municipalities (UCM) North Macedonia (ZELS) • Czech Republic • Norway Union of Towns and Municipalities of the Czech Republic (SMO ČR) Norwegian Association of Local and Regional Authorities (KS) • Denmark • Poland Danish Regions (REGIONER) Association of Polish Counties (ZPP) Local Government Denmark (KL) Association of Polish Cities (ZMP) • Estonia • Portugal Association of Estonian Cities and Municipalities (AECM) National Association of Portuguese Municipalities (ANMP) • Finland • Romania Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities (AFLRA) National Union of County Councils of Romania (UNCJR) Romanian Municipalities Association (AMR) • France Association of Communes of Romania (ACOR) French Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (AFCCRE) • Serbia Standing Conference of Towns and Municipalities of Serbia (SKGO) • Georgia National Association of Local Authorities of Georgia (NALAG) • Slovakia Association of Towns and Communities of Slovakia (ZMOS) • Germany German Association of the Council of European Municipalities and • Slovenia Regions (RGRE) Association of Urban Municipalities of Slovenia (ZMOS) German County Association (DLT) Association of Municipalities and Towns of Slovenia (SOS) Association of German Cities (DST) • Spain Association of Towns and Municipalities (DStGB) Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP) • Greece Association of Basque Municipalities (EUDEL) Central Union of Municipalities of Greece (KEDE) • Sweden • Hungary Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SKL) Hungarian National Association of Local Authorities (TÖOSZ) • Turkey • Iceland Union of Municipalities of Turkey (TBB) Association of Local Authorities in Iceland (SAMBAND) • Ukraine • Ireland Association of Ukrainian Cities (AUC) Local Government Management Association (LGMA) • United Kingdom • Israel Local Government Association (LGA) Union of Local Authorities in Israel (MASHAM) Convention of Scottish Local Authorities (COSLA) Northern Ireland Local Government Association (NILGA) • Italy Welsh Local Government Association (WLGA) Italian Association of the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (AICCRE)

88 Acknowledgements Authors

We would like to thank all those in our This study was carried out by Léa Babeu-Braun, associations who contributed to this study. Research and Studies Intern, coordinated by We also thank the collaborators of the Council Nathalie Noupadja – Head of Research and of European Municipalities and Regions Studies, under the supervision of Dr. Angelika who analysed the answers to the various Poth-Mögele – Executive Director European questionnaires sent to our members, and who Affairs, and the direction of Frédéric Vallier – contributed to drafting the analysis. Secretary General.

In particular, Léa Babeu-Braun accomplished tremendous work, coordinated by Nathalie Noupadja, Head of Research and Studies, Getting in touch with us under the supervision of Dr. Angelika Poth-

Mögele, Executive Director for European About the study Affairs, and directed by Mr Frédéric Vallier, Nathalie Noupadja Secretary General. Head of Research and Studies Email: [email protected] We would also like to warmly thank Thomas Tel.: +32 2 213 86 92 Kaye, Marine Gaudron, Carol Thomas, www.cemr.eu Martin Revault, and Axelle Griffon for their involvement, as well as Pierre Vander Auwera, About CEMR and its members Jeremy Herry and Magnus Gottl from the Marta Gattini CEMR communication department. Statutory Affairs Officer Email: [email protected] Many thanks to Domenica Maria Pistoia for Tel. +32 213 86 91 the proofreading and translation, and David www.cemr.eu/pays/map Goddevrind for the creation of infographics and the layout.

Disclaimer

The analysis, results, and recommendations are those of CEMR. They do not necessarily reflect the official position of any local or regional government, their associations or multilateral institutions or organisations whose names appear in this study.

While we strive with utmost care and concern to provide accurate and timely information, we cannot exclude the possibility of inadvertent factual or contextual inaccuracies, incompleteness or technical errors for which we apologise. Similarly, inaccuracies may result from developments occurring after the editorial deadline.

All rights reserved. This material is copyrighted but may be reproduced by any method without fee for educational purposes, provided that the source is acknowledged. Formal permission is required for all such uses. For copying in other circumstances or for reproduction in other publications, prior written permission must be granted from the copyright owner.

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90 BY THE NUMBERS CEMR National associations #EUlocal The Council of European Municipalities and Our mission of local and regional governments www.cemr.eu Regions is the united voice of Europe’s local and in Europe twitter.com/ccrecemr regional governments federated through 60 We promote the construction of a united, peace- national associations. ful and democratic Europe founded upon local self-government and respect for the principle of CEMR is the European section of United Cities and subsidiarity. Local Governments (UCLG), through which it repre- sents European local and regional governments at EUROPE counts CEMR unites Associations international level. associations cover 95% of in 41 countries. their country’s 100,000 60 population. National associations local & regional governments. P7 P15 of local and regional governments in Europe Founded in Who do How are associations 60 41 100,000 AssociationsLocal IntermediateRegional 1951 associations countries local and regional 45 associations legally protected? governments 2 represent?How is your association legally protected? A study on the CEMR and its members 4 16% 19% constitution 1 The constitution, a constitutional law or organic law of associations 5% general law 3 representGeneral law adopted the by a legislative body, regulation 3 3/4 national or regional (parliament, senate, etc.) Regulationlocal or decision level adopted only. by an executive body other (government or presidential directives, decisions, decrees, associations can be referredorders, administrativeto as provision, etc.) 60% 100% of associations act CEMR member associations 6 “umbrella organisations”. Other in the public interest. Albania Cyprus Germany Kosovo North Macedonia Slovenia P12 P19 SHBSH UCM RGRE AKK* ZELS SOS DStGB ZMOS 100% advocacy Austria Czech Republic DLT Latvia Norway 43% Activities 95% knowledge sharing GEMEINDEBUND SMO ČR DST LPS KS Spain of associations covered by the 88% publications STAEDTEBUND FEMP associations 86% training Denmark Greece Lithuania Poland EUDEL have an office in covered research Belgium KL KEDE LSA ZMP 81% BRUSSELS. not covered salary negociation BRULOCALIS REGIONER ZPP Sweden 55% UVCW Hungary Luxembourg SKL P25 P25 VVSG Estonia TÖOSZ SYVICOL Portugal AECM ANMP Turkey of associations count Smallest: 3 Bosnia and Iceland Malta TBB Consultation Associations Herzegovina Finland SAMBAND LCA Romania Staff 2/3 up to 50 employees. Biggest: 400 91% of associations are regularly are consulted consulted by their central government. in every SOGFBiH AFLRA ACOR Ukraine country 10% 24% ALVRS Ireland Moldova AMR AUC Sta < 10 - 1 <10 employees France LGMA* CALM UNCJR UAROR Sta 11-30 - 2 Bulgaria AFCCRE 23% 11-30 employees NAMRB AMF* Israel Montenegro Serbia United Kingdom Sta 31-50 - 3 31-50 employees MASHAM UOM SKGO LGA Sta 51-199 - 4 51-199 employees Croatia Georgia COSLA Sta > 200 - 5 5% 38% HRVZZ NALAG Italy Netherlands Slovakia NILGA >200 employees AICCRE VNG ZMOS WLGA IPO P22 P31 * Associate, observer and invited members Representation in Europe Governing in partnership

84% of 95% of In 2018, the European Parliament associations associations adopted a resolution that supports Contact collaborate with collaborate with CEMR becoming a permanent the Committee the Congress consultant of the EU institutions. of the Regions. (Council of Europe). CEMR Find us on Resolution on the role of cities in the institutional framework of the Union Square de Meeûs 1 www.cemr.eu P35 P36 1000 Brussels twitter.com/ccrecemr Co-funded by the Europe Tel. +32 2 511 74 77 for Citizens Programme of the [email protected] European Union Europe needs to take a local shift. Join us in making it happen!