Candidates Found Ineligible to Appear in the Written Examination for the Post of Junior Accountant
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
574/DIR/HRDD/SE Dated:.22.08.2013. OFFICE ORDER
GOVERNMENT OF SIKKIM HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT GANGTOK No: 574/DIR/HRDD/SE Dated:.22.08.2013. OFFICE ORDER With the approval of the Government, the following transfer of Principals of Senior Secondary Schools and Headmasters/Headmistresses of Secondary Schools under Human Resource Development Department, Government of Sikkim is hereby made with immediate effect: 1 2 3 4 5 Sl. Name Existing Place of Transferred Remarks No Posting and Posted To 1. Mrs.Tsheringkie Singtam SSS (East) Enchey SSS Vice Mr.Sonam Denzongpa since Denzongpa (East) promoted as Joint Director 2. Mr.Dhiren Pradhan Samdong SSS (East) Singtam SSS Vice Mrs.Tsheringkie (East) Denzongpa at Sl. No.1 3. Mr.Basudev Jorethang SSS Samdong SSS Vice Mr.Dhiren Pradhan at Adhikari (South) (East) Sl.No.2 4. Mrs.Sushma Bhutia Pelling SSS (West) Legship SSS - (West) 5. Mrs.Manju Subba Sombaria SSS (West) Jorethang SSS Vice Mr.Basudev Adhikari at (South) Sl.No.3 6. Mr.R.K.Pandey Mangan SSS (North) Sombaria SSS Vice Mrs.Manju Subba at Sl.No.5 (West) 7. Mr. N.D.Rai, Dentam SSS (West) Dentam SSS as Vice Principal incharge PGT (Geography) (West) 8. Mr.K.B.Dahal Hee Yangthang SSS Kewzing SSS - (West) (South) 9. Mr.D.P.Sharma Dentam SSS (West) Pelling SSS Vice Mrs.Sushma Bhutia at (West) Sl.No.4 10. Mrs.Tshering L. Principal SSS on Mangan SSS Vice Mr.R.K.Pandey at Bhutia, deputation as (North) SL No.6 Lecturer in SCERT, Gangtok 11. Mr.Suraj Bir Singh Principal SSS on Hee Yangthang Vice Mr.K.B.Dahal at Sl.No.8 deputation as SSS (West) Lecturer in SCERT, Gangtok 12. -
South District of Forest Environment & Wildlife Management Department in Their Respective GPU/Ward with Immediate Effect
GOVERNMENT OF SIKKIM DEPARTMENT OF FOREST ENVIRONMENT & WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT FOREST SECRETARIAT, DEORALI, GANGTOK SIKKIM-737102 No: 606/ADM/FEWMD Dated: 30/01/2019 OFFICE ORDER With the approval of the competent authority, the following employees appointed on temporary ad-hoc basis under “One Family One Job Scheme” are hereby posted under various Divisions South District of Forest Environment & Wildlife Management Department in their respective GPU/Ward with immediate effect:- Sl. POST APPOINTED Reporting NAME CONSTITUENCY GPU/ WARD No. No. FOR Officer Environmental Rangang Lower Togday Ms. Shanti Maya Rai Assistant Yangang Ward DFO (T) 1 South Environmental Nambung Ward DFO (T) 2 Ms. Rekha Subba Temi Namphing Assistant Temi Namphing South Lower Sripatam Environmental Yangyang Mr. Rajesh Dahal Ward, Yangang DFO (T) 3 Assistant Rangang Rangrang South Environmental Rolak Kabey Ward, DFO (T) 4 Mr. Nutan Subba Temi Namphing Assistant Temi Namphing South Ms. Elizabeth Environmental Namchi DFO (T) 5 Rong Ward Gurung Assistant Singhithang South 12 Bermiok Tokal 6 Mr. Bishal Tamang Multi-task Office Staff Temi Namphing GPU Upper Tokal DFO (T) No. 5 South Environmental DFO(WL) 7 Ms. Namrata Nepal Temi Namphing Lower Tarku Assistant South Environmental Salghari Zoom DFO(WL) 8 Mr. Suman Rai Khaling Gaon Ward Assistant (SC) South Lingee Shokpay Environmental Tumin Lingee Mr. Sagar Rai GPU, Maidam DFO(WL) 9 Assistant (BL) Ward South Mr. Devi Charan Environmental Rangang Upper Kolthang DFO(WL) 10 Chettri Assistant Yangang Ward South Environmental Namthang DFO(WL) 11 Mr. Santa Tamang Kolbung Assistant Rateypani South Environmental DFO(WL) 12 Ms. Chabi Maya rai Barfung (BL) Lamten Tingmoo Assistant South Environmental Rangang DFO (E & 13 Ms. -
National Institute of Technology Sikkim Ravangla Campus
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SIKKIM RAVANGLA CAMPUS Closing Date for submission extended till 30th Nov-2016 Notice inviting applications for Empanelment of Hotel/Guest House Accommodations & Rate Contract Tender No: 100/NITS/HotelEmpanelment/16-17/602/609 Date: 21.11.2016 EXPRESSION OF INTEREST FOR EMPANELMENT OF HOTEL / GUEST HOUSE ACCOMMODATION & RATE CONTRACT IN RAVANGLA AND NAMCHI, SOUTH SIKKIM AND SILIGURI / NJP, W.B.: RATE CONTRACT TO BE VALID TILL 30TH SEPTEMBER 2017. Closing Data for submission 30.11.2016 (5pm) Opening Date & Time 01.12.2016 (3 pm ) Application Fees (Non-refundable) ₹500/- (Rupees Five Hundred only) as DD in favour of The Director, NIT Sikkim Bid to be submitted to Faculty In-charge, Store & Purchase Activities, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla Campus, Barfung, South Sikkim, 737139. Place of opening of bid Conference Hall, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla Campus, Barfung, South Sikkim, 737139 Background: National Institute of Technology Sikkim is an autonomous body set up by Govt. of India, under Ministry of Human Resource & Development; New Delhi. It is one of the newly setup NIT’s and is an institute of National Importance. NIT Sikkim is looking for hotel/guest house accommodation in around Ravangla, Namchi and also in Siliguri for accommodating visiting guest and official of institute. Applications in prescribed format along with documentary proof are invited from registered hotel/guest houses from Ravangla, Namchi and Siliguri having fully furnished rooms. Eligibility Criteria of Intending Hotel/guest house empanelment: (Proof/supporting documents to be enclosed for the points mentioned below: a. The firm must be registered with the concerned authority, Govt. -
District Election Plan for General Elections 2014
District Election Plan for General Elections 2014 South District, Sikkim 2 Contents 1 DISTRICT PROFILE ........................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 GEOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2 DEMOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3 ADMINISTRATIVE UNIT ............................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 ASSEMBLY CONSTITUENCIES IN SOUTH SIKKIM .......................................................................................................... 10 1.4.1 9 – BERFUNG ........................................................................................................................................ 11 1.4.2 10-POKLOK-KAMRANG ........................................................................................................................ 11 1.4.3 11-NAMCHI-SINGHITHANG .................................................................................................................. 13 1.4.4 12-MELLI .............................................................................................................................................. 14 1.4.5 13-NAMTHANG-RATEYPANI ............................................................................................................... -
April-June, 2014
For Private Circulation only SIHHIM STATE LEGAL SERVICES AUTHORITY QUARTERLY NEWSLETTER Vol. 6 Issue No.2 April-June, 2014 ~ 8 . STATE MEET OF PARA LEGAL VOLUNTEERS & DISTRICT LEGAL SERVICES AUTHORITIES 26th APRIL, 2014 AUDITORIUM, HIGH COURT OF SIKKIM, GANGTOK ORGANISED BY: SIKKIM STATE LEGAL SERVICES AUTHORITY Editorial Board Hon'ble Shri Justice Narendra Kumar Jain, Chief Justice, High Court of Sikkim and Patron-in-Chief, Sikkim S.L.S.A. Hon'ble Shri Justice Sonam P. Wangdi, Judge, High Court of Sikkim and Executive Chairman, Sikkim S.L.S.A. Compiled by Shri K.W. Bhutia, District & Sessions Judge, Special Division-11 and Member Secretary, Sikkim S.L.S.A. Quarterly newsletter published by Sikkim State Legal Services Authority, Gangtok. MEETING Wlnl niE PRINCIPALS OF SCHOOLS OF NORTH DISTRICT A meeting with the Principals of Schools and PLVs of North District was held on 5111 April, 2014 at ADR Centre, Pentok, Mangan. The meeting was chaired by Hon'ble Shri Justice S.P. Wangdi, Judge, High Court of Sikkim and Executive Chairman, Sikkim SLSNMember, Central Authority, NAI..SA. The mode of setting up of Legal Uteracy Clubs under the NAI..SA (Legal Services Clinics in Universities, Law Colleges Hon'ble Shrl Justice S.P. Wangdl, Exet;utJoe Chalrman, and Other Institutions) Scheme, 2013 was discussed Sikkim SLSA chairing the meeting during the meeting. The meeting was also attended by Shri K.W. Bhutia, District & Sessions Judge, Special Division - 11/Member Secretary, Sikkim SLSA, Shri N.G. Sherpa, Registrar, High Court of Sikkim, Shri Jagat Rai, District & Sessions Judge, North/Chairman, DLSA (North), Shri Benoy Sharma, Civil Judge-cum-Judicial Magistrate/Secretary, DLSA (North), Mangan, Mrs. -
List of Bridges in Sikkim Under Roads & Bridges Department
LIST OF BRIDGES IN SIKKIM UNDER ROADS & BRIDGES DEPARTMENT Sl. Total Length of District Division Road Name Bridge Type No. Bridge (m) 1 East Singtam Approach road to Goshkan Dara 120.00 Cable Suspension 2 East Sub - Div -IV Gangtok-Bhusuk-Assam lingz 65.00 Cable Suspension 3 East Sub - Div -IV Gangtok-Bhusuk-Assam lingz 92.50 Major 4 East Pakyong Ranipool-Lallurning-Pakyong 33.00 Medium Span RC 5 East Pakyong Ranipool-Lallurning-Pakyong 19.00 Medium Span RC 6 East Pakyong Ranipool-Lallurning-Pakyong 26.00 Medium Span RC 7 East Pakyong Rongli-Delepchand 17.00 Medium Span RC 8 East Sub - Div -IV Gangtok-Bhusuk-Assam lingz 17.00 Medium Span RC 9 East Sub - Div -IV Penlong-tintek 16.00 Medium Span RC 10 East Sub - Div -IV Gangtok-Rumtek Sang 39.00 Medium Span RC 11 East Pakyong Ranipool-Lallurning-Pakyong 38.00 Medium Span STL 12 East Pakyong Assam Pakyong 32.00 Medium Span STL 13 East Pakyong Pakyong-Machung Rolep 24.00 Medium Span STL 14 East Pakyong Pakyong-Machung Rolep 32.00 Medium Span STL 15 East Pakyong Pakyong-Machung Rolep 31.50 Medium Span STL 16 East Pakyong Pakyong-Mamring-Tareythan 40.00 Medium Span STL 17 East Pakyong Rongli-Delepchand 9.00 Medium Span STL 18 East Singtam Duga-Pacheykhani 40.00 Medium Span STL 19 East Singtam Sangkhola-Sumin 42.00 Medium Span STL 20 East Sub - Div -IV Gangtok-Bhusuk-Assam lingz 29.00 Medium Span STL 21 East Sub - Div -IV Penlong-tintek 12.00 Medium Span STL 22 East Sub - Div -IV Penlong-tintek 18.00 Medium Span STL 23 East Sub - Div -IV Penlong-tintek 19.00 Medium Span STL 24 East Sub - Div -IV Penlong-tintek 25.00 Medium Span STL 25 East Sub - Div -IV Tintek-Dikchu 12.00 Medium Span STL 26 East Sub - Div -IV Tintek-Dikchu 19.00 Medium Span STL 27 East Sub - Div -IV Tintek-Dikchu 28.00 Medium Span STL 28 East Sub - Div -IV Gangtok-Rumtek Sang 25.00 Medium Span STL 29 East Sub - Div -IV Rumtek-Rey-Ranka 53.00 Medium Span STL Sl. -
Rapid Biodiversity Survey Report-I 1
RAPID BIODIVERSITY SURVEY REPORt-I 1 RAPID BIODIVERSITY SURVEY REPORT - I Bistorta vaccinifolia Sikkim Biodiversity Conservation and Forest Management Project (SBFP) Forest, Environment and Wildlife Management Department Government of Sikkim Rhododendron barbatum Published by : Sikkim Biodiversity Conservation and Forest Management Project (SBFP) Department of Forests, Environment and Wildlife Management, Government of Sikkim, Deorali, Gangtok - 737102, Sikkim, India All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Department of Forest, Environment and Wildlife Management, Government of Sikkim, Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Project Director, Sikkim Biodiversity Conservation and Forest Management Project, Department of Forests, Environment and Wildlife Management, Government of Sikkim. 2 RAPID BIODIVERSITY SURVEY REPORt-I Contents Page No. 5 Message 6 Forward 7 Preface 8 Acknowledgement 9 Introduction 12 Rapid Biodiversity Survey. 14 Methodology 16 Sang - Tinjurey sampling path in Fambonglho Wildlife Sanctuary, East Sikkim. 24 Yuksom - Dzongri - Gochela sampling path of Kanchendzonga Biosphere reserve, West Sikkim 41 Ravangla - Bhaleydunga sampling path, Maenam Wildlife Sanctuary, South Sikkim. 51 Tholoung - Kishong sampling path, Kanchendzonga National Park, North Sikkim. -
1. List of Fair Price Shops Under Gangtok Food Godown, East District SL
1. List of Fair Price Shops under Gangtok Food Godown, East District SL. Registartion No Name of FPS Address 1 01/E/GFPS-01 M/s Mingma Lhamu Tathengchen 2 01/E/GFPS-02 M/s M.P.C.S Ltd Upper Tathengchen 3 01/E/GFPS-03 M/s Passangkit Bhutia Upper Tathengchen 4 01/E/GFPS-04 M/s Tshering Doma Lower Tathengchen 5 01/E/GFPS-05 M/s Harish Chandra Gupta Chandmari 6 01/E/GFPS-06 M/s Karma Tenzing Bhutia Chandmari 7 01/E/GFPS-07 M/s Katuk Bhutia Upper Chandmari 8 01/E/GFPS-08 M/s Nima Doma Bhutia Chandmari 9 01/E/GFPS-09 M/s Hira Prasad Chandmari 10 01/E/GFPS-010 M/s Kaushila Lepcha Upper Chandmari 11 01/E/GFPS-011 M/s Om Prakash Mittal Chandmari 12 01/E/GFPS-012 M/s Bhagawati Pradhan Rongek 13 01/E/GFPS-013 M/s C.C.S Ltd. Yalley Bhusuk 14 01/E/GFPS-014 M/s Akkee Bhutia Bhusuk 15 01/E/GFPS-015 M/s Harka Maya Rai Bhusuk 10th Mile 16 01/E/GFPS-016 M/s Chenpa Doma Bhutia Pabik Naitam 17 01/E/GFPS-017 M/s Krishna Kri. Rai Naitam Nandok 18 01/E/GFPS-018 M/s Jasmati Rai Naitam Block 19 01/E/GFPS-019 M/s M.P.C.S Ltd Assam Linzey 20 01/E/GFPS-020 M/s Sudhama Pandit Kazi Road 21 01/E/GFPS-021 M/s Lobsang Choden Kazi Road 22 01/E/GFPS-022 M/s Kessang Bhutia Nam Nang 23 01/E/GFPS-023 M/s T. -
The Chief Minister of Sikkim Mr. Pawan Cham of the Bhairon Singh
The Chief Minister Of Sikkim Mr. Pawan Chamling is the first r of the Bhairon Singh Shekhawat Lifetime Achiev Service 28 june.indd 1 10/08/17 5:07 pm er Of Sikkim Mr. Pawan Chamling is the first recipient on Singh Shekhawat Lifetime Achievement Award in Public Service 28 june.indd 2 10/08/17 5:07 pm 28 june.indd 3 10/08/17 5:07 pm Printed By: The Prism, © Khangchendzonga Falls, West Sikkim by, Aita bdr. Gurung Deorali, Gangtok 28 june.indd 4 10/08/17 5:07 pm From The Editor’s Desk he second issue of Sikkim Today is a testimony of the continued combined effort of our team at the Information and Public TRelations Department. Therefore, it ills me with delight and gratiication both in bringing out this issue. The focus of the magazine for this month is the environment and the natural marvels that Sikkim has been abundantly blessed with. It is a serious and a signiicant topic because there is an absolute need for everyone to fathom how every action and activity of ours has a direct impact on the environment. We need to acknowledge and accept that the damage that we cause to nature is a damage we cause to ourselves. The month of June is especially signiicant for a biodiversity rich State like Sikkim, as numerous environment sustaining activities conceptualized by our environmentally cognizant Hon’ble Chief Minister, Mr. Pawan Chamling, is held and actively participated in by the people of the State. Sikkim, guided by the Hon’ble Chief Minister is becoming both clairvoyant and cautious. -
Lingmo - Paiyong, Gpu
LIST OF PANCHAYAT MEMBERS ELECTED DURING 2017 BAC YANGANG, 01- LINGEE, GPU SL.NO. NAME OF PANCHAYAT WARD NAME CONTACT NO DESIGNATION 1 RAM PRASAD PRADHAN MIDDLE LINGEE 9593783969 MEMBER 2 SONAM PINTSO LEPCHA UPPER LINGEE 9609867478 SABHAPATI 3 KUBER GURUNG SUMSI 7872895090 MEMBER 4 KAMAL THAPA LOWER LINGEE 9609832089 MEMBER 5 LALITA RAI MAIDAM 9734302874 UP-SABHAPATI BAC YANGANG, 02- LINGMO - PAIYONG, GPU SL.NO. NAME OF PANCHAYAT WARD NAME CONTACT NO DESIGNATION 1 YOGESH BHANDARI TINTARBONG 8101373993 SABHAPATI 2 KAILASH KR. ADHIKARI DARAKHARKA 7431833404 MEMBER 3 RAJINA LEPCHA BADAMTAM 7872934778 MEMBER 4 PEMKIT BHUTIA UPPER LINGMOO 9775415608 UP-SABHAPATI 5 HUMA DEVI ADHIKARI KAW 9647850360 MEMBER 6 DEVI LALL BHATTARAI PEPTHANG 8372878890 MEMBER 7 MOHAN RAJ RAI CHAURIDAR 8768767882 MEMBER BAC YANGANG, 03 - KOLTHANG - TOKDEY, GPU SL.NO. NAME OF PANCHAYAT WARD NAME CONTACT NO DESIGNATION 1 ANIL KR. NEPAL LOWER KOLTHANG 9832332123 SABHAPATI 2 LEELA CHETTRI UPPER KOLTHANG 9773077580 UP-SABHAPATI 3 NAR MAYA CHETTRI MIDDLE KOLTHANG 9647881403 MEMBER 4 GUNA MAYA CHETTRI LOWER TOKDEY 9734981911 MEMBER 5 RAM KUMAR KHATI UPPER TOKDEY 9609858256 MEMBER BAC YANGANG, 04 - NIYA - MANGZING, GPU SL.NO. NAME OF PANCHAYAT WARD NAME CONTACT NO DESIGNATION 1 SAKUN THAPA LOWER NIYA 9593770034 SABHAPATI 2 THALA RAM BASMETT LOWER MANGZING 8348426593 UP-SABHAPATI 3 DHANKIT LIMBOO UPPER NIYA 9647443641 MEMBER 4 SHANTI DEVI CHETTRI BRUM 9647000944 MEMBER 5 DEVI LALL CHETTRI UPPER MANGZING 9734976321 MEMBER BAC YANGANG, 05 - SRIPATAM - GAGYONG, GPU SL.NO. NAME OF PANCHAYAT WARD NAME CONTACT NO DESIGNATION 1 RANJITA GURUNG UPPER GAGYONG 9609873311 SABHAPATI 2 LAKO TSHERING LEPCHA LOWER GAGYONG 8145892055 UP-SABHAPATI 3 SAVITRI DHUNGYAL LOWER SEIPATAM 9735852689 MEMBER 4 PREM KUMAR RAI UPPER SRIPATAM 9932838588 MEMBER 5 SUK HANG LIMBOO NAMPHOK 8145889625 MEMBER 6 MEENA KUMARI DARJEE MANGLEE 9735780222 MEMBER BAC YANGANG, 06 - YANGANG - RANGANG, GPU SL.NO. -
Sikkim Major District Roads Upgradation Project: Project
Project Readiness Financing Project Administration Manual Project Number: 52159-003 Loan Number: {PRFXXXX} May 2021 India: Sikkim Major District Roads Upgradation Project CONTENTS I. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 1 A. Overall Implementation Plan 1 II. PROJECT MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS 2 A. Project Implementation Organizations: Roles and Responsibilities 2 B. Key Persons Involved in Implementation 3 III. COSTS AND FINANCING 5 A. Key Assumptions 5 B. Allocation and Withdrawal of Loan Proceeds 5 C. Detailed Cost Estimates by Expenditure Category and Financier 6 D. Detailed Cost Estimates by Year 7 E. Contract and Disbursement S-Curve 8 IV. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 8 A. Financial Management Assessment 8 B. Disbursement 10 C. Accounting 11 D. Auditing and Public Disclosure 12 V. PROCUREMENT AND CONSULTING SERVICES 12 A. Advance Contracting and Retroactive Financing 13 B. Procurement of Consulting Services 13 C. Procurement of Goods and Civil Works 13 D. Procurement Plan 13 E. Consultant's Terms of Reference 13 VI. SAFEGUARDS 14 VII. PERFORMANCE MONITORING 14 A. Monitoring 14 B. Reporting 14 VIII. ANTICORRUPTION POLICY 15 IX. ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISM 15 X. RECORD OF CHANGES TO THE PROJECT ADMINISTRATION MANUAL 15 APPENDIXES 1. Indicative list of Subprojects 16 2. Detailed Terms of Reference 17 Project Administration Manual for Project Readiness Financing Facility: Purpose and Process The project administration manual (PAM) for the project readiness financing (PRF) facility is an abridged version of the regular PAM of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and describes the essential administrative and management requirements to implement the PRF facility following the policies and procedures of the government and ADB. The PAM should include references to all available templates and instructions either by linking to relevant URLs or directly incorporating them in the PAM. -
District Census Handbook, North, East, South & West,Part-XIII-A & B, Series-19, Sikkim
CENSUS OF INDIA 1981 SE~rES 19 SIKKIM DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK PARTS XIII - A & B VILLAGE AND TOVVN DIRECTORY VILLAGE AND TO\NNVVISE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT Nor1:h, East, South & VVest Districts .l. K. T'HAPA of the Indian Administrative Service Director of Census Operations Sikkil17 Motif on the Cover-page: Sikkim may be called as the land of Monasteries. One of the important features of Sikkim is that excepting the temples, churches, mosques, etc. there are about 67 monasteries - some of them have old historical importance. In addition. there are 132 Manilhakhang (place of worship for ladies and some of them are run by ladies) and 22 Lhakhang & Tsamkhang (hermitage or place of meditation) in the state. The above Monastery is called Gor Gompa, a small Gompa on a solitary spot commanding a picturesque view and situated at Gor above Hee Gyathang in Dzongri area (13,000 ft.) of North Sikkim. o CONTENTS Page Foreword Preface Important Statistics ix-xli 1. Analytical Note (i) Census concepts 1 (ii) Brief History of the State and the District Census Handbook 5 (iii) Scope of Village Directory, Town Directory Statements and Primary Census Abstract 7 (iv) Physical Aspects 9 (v) Major Characteristics of the State 10 (vi) Places of religious, historical or archaeological importance with an introduction of tourist interest 23 (vii) Major Events and Activities during the decade 27 (viii) Analysis of data 30 Table 1 Population, NumQer of revenue blocks and towns 1981 30 Table 2 Decadal change in distribution of population 31 Table 3 Distribution of