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Report 2012-2013 All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Biological Control of Crop Pests and Weeds ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT 2012-2013 Compiled and edited by B. Ramanujam Prashanth Mohanraj Chandish R. Ballal T. Venkatesan Sunil Joshi A.N. Shylesha R.Rangeshwaran K. Srinivasa Murthy M. Mohan K.J. David Abraham Verghese Honnur Basha All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Biological Control of Crop Pests and Weeds ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT 2012‐2013 Compiled and edited by B. Ramanujam Prashanth Mohanraj Chandish R. Ballal T. Venkatesan Sunil Joshi A.N. Shylesha R.Rangeshwaran K. Srinivasa Murthy M. Mohan K.J. David Abraham Verghese Honnur Basha National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects Bangalore 560 024 Cover page (Top to bottom) Anomalococcus indicus Ayyar (Photo: J. Poorani) Reticulaphis foveolatae (Takahashi) (Photo: Sunil Joshi) Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller ((Photo: J. Poorani) Entomopathogenic nematode (Photo: M. Nagesh) Aphis craccivora Koch (Photo: J. Poorani) Leptomastix dactylopii Howard (Photo: J. Poorani) Pleotrichophorus chrysanthemi (Theobald) (Photo: Sunil Joshi) © National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects, Bangalore, 2013 No portion of this report should be used without prior permission of the Director, except in quoting for scientific references. Cover design: Sunil Joshi Sl. CONTENTS Page No. No. 1 Programme for 2012-13 2 Experimental Results 2.1 Basic Research 2.1.1 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects i New taxa described 1 ii Micrograstrinae (Braconidae) 1 iii Biosystematic studies of Trichogramma 2 iv Platygastridae 2 v Biodiversity of aphids, Coccinnellids and their natural enemies 3 vi Taxonomic studies on fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of India 3 vii Diversity and predator - prey interactions with reference to predatory 4 anthocorids and mites viii Papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus 4 ix Studies on Trichogramma brassicae and Cotesia vestalis (plutellae) 5 interaction with their host in cabbage x Laboratory rearing of Leucinodes orbonalis and insecticide resistance 5 monitoring studies xi Culturable microflora associated with Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Cotton 6 leafhoppers) and Nilaparvata lugens (Brown Planthopper of rice) xii Selection of superior strain of predators viz., Chrysoperla zastrowi arabica 6 (Stephens) and Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant) from different agro- ecosystems and their molecular characterization. xiii Genetic diversity, biology and utilization of entomopathogenic nematodes 7 (EPN) against cryptic pests xiv Mapping of the cry gene diversity in hot and humid regions of India 9 xv Evaluation of fungal pathogens on Aphis craccivora in cowpea and Bemisia 10 tabaci in tomato and capsicum. xvi Management of pests with pheromone nanogels 10 xvii Non target effect of Chitosan alginate nanoparticles on the biology of 10 Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Peterson) (Neuroptera: chrysopidae). 2.1.2 Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 1 Survey and collection of Trichogramma strains from different agro-climatic 12 zone of India. 2 Evaluation of Trichogramma strains for searching efficiency, temperature 12 tolerance and fecundity. 3 Breeding for better performing strains (Laboratory studies) 15 2.1.3 Biodiversity of Biocontrol Agents from Various Agro Ecological Zones 1 Survey, Collection and diversity analysis of biocontrol agents from various 21 agro ecological zones (AAU-A, AAU-J, ANGRAU, KAU, MPKV, PAU, SKUAST, TNAU, YSPUHF, CAU, JNKVV, MPUAT, OUAT, CPCRI, CTRI and UAS-Raichur) i 2 Mapping of EPN diversity (AAU-A, PAU) 63 3 Surveillance for alien invasive pests Brontispa longissima, Aleyrodicus 68 digessi, Phenacoccus manihoti, Paracoccus marginatus, Phenacoccus madeirensis and others ( AAU-A, AAU-J, ANGRAU, KAU, MPKV, PAU, SKUAST, TNAU, YSPUHF, CAU, JNKVV, MPUAT, OUAT, CPCRI, CTRI, IIHR, UAS-Raichur) Biological control of plant diseases using antagonistic organisms 2.2 Plant Disease and Nematodes antagonists 1 Screening of selected abiotic stress tolerant (i.e. drought and salinity) isolates 71 of Trichoderma harzianum for their potential to produce hydrolytic enzymes under in vitro conditions (GBPUAT) 2 Development of oil-based formulations of selected isolates of Trichoderma 71 harzianum and study of their shelf life (GBPUAT) 3 Field evaluation of groundnut oil, talc and paraffin petroleum oil based 72 formulation of T. harzianum (Th-14) for the management of foliar and soil borne disease of tomato (Hybrid - Dev). (GBPUAT) 4 Field evaluation of invert-emulsion formulation of T. harzianum for the 72 management of foliar and soil borne diseases of chick pea crop variety (PG- 186) (GBPUAT) 5 Field evaluation of promising Trichoderma isolates under field conditions 78 (GBPUAT) 6 Large scale field demonstration of biocontrol technologies (GBPUAT) 84 7 Monitoring for emergence of newer pests and diseases of various crops in 84 districts Udham Singh and Nainital of Uttarakhand (GBPUAT). 8 Evaluation of fungal and bacterial antagonists against collar rot of groundnut 86 caused by Aspergillus spp. and Screlotium rolfsii (AAU-A) 9 Isolation, identification and characterization of indigenous strains of 86 Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus strains effective against Fusarium wilt in pigeon pea (AAU-A) 10 Evaluation of fungal and bacterial antagonists for the management of foot rot 88 of citrus (kinnow) caused by Phytophthora spp. (PAU) 11 Evaluation of fungal and bacterial antagonists for the management of fusarial 89 wilt of cucurbits (PAU) 12 Demonstration on biological control of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne 89 incognita race II in pomegranate (MPKV) 13 Demonstration of Biocontrol practices for management of root-knot 91 nematode in Pomegranate (1 ha) (ongoing experiments to be continued) (AAU-A) 2.3 Sugarcane 1 Monitoring the sugarcane woolly aphid (SWA) incidence and impact 92 assessment of natural enemies on its bio suppression (MPKV, TNAU, UAS- Raichur) 2 Field evaluation of T. chilonis produced using Eri-silk worm eggs as 95 factitious host against early shoot borer of Sugarcane (ANGRAU, TNAU, NBAII) ii 2.4 Cotton 1 Monitoring diversity and out breaks for invasive mealy bugs on cotton 98 (ANGRAU, MPKV, PAU, TNAU). 2 Monitoring the diversity and outbreaks of sap sucking pests, mirids and their 100 natural enemies in Bt cotton (MPKV, UAS-Raichur) 2.5 Tobacco 1 Survey and record of bio control agents (insects, pathogens) on Orobanche 103 spp. (CTRI) 2 Natural enemies of aphids infesting different types of tobacco cultivated in 103 different regions of the country (CTRI) 2.6 Rice 1 Seasonal abundance of predatory spiders in rice ecosystem (AAU-A, AAU-J, 104 ANGRAU, KAU, TNAU) 2 Evaluation of IPM for upland rice pest and diseases (CAU) 114 3 Field evaluation of Trichogramma chilonis (produced using Eri-silk worm 116 eggs as factitous host) against Rice stem borer (CAU). 2.7 Pulses 1 Evaluation of NBAII liquid formulations (PDBC-BT1 and NBAII-BTG4) 117 and IARI Bt against pigeon pea pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) and legume pod borer (Maruca testulalis) (AAU-A, ANGRAU, MPKV, PAU, TNAU, JNKVV, UAS-Raichur) 2 Influence of crop habitat diversity of natural enemies in pigeonpea through 123 FLD/OFD (ANGRAU, MPUAT) 3 Effect of bio-agents and botanicals on the incidence of pod borer and leaf tier 124 in pigeon pea (MPUAT) 2.8 Oil Seeds 1 Biological suppression of safflower aphid, Uroleucon compositae 127 (ANGRAU, MPKV) 2 Biological control of Groundnut pests (OUAT) 128 3 Evaluation of entomopathogens and botanicals against soybean pests’ 130 complex (MPKV, MPUAT) 4 Screening of EPN (Entomopathogenic Nematodes) against Spodoptera litura 130 (Fab.) on soybean (JNKVV) 2.9 Coconut 1 Surveillance and need-based control of coconut leaf caterpillar, Opisina 131 arenosella in Kerala (CPCRI) 2 Scaling up and utilization of M. anisopliae through technology transfer 131 (CPCRI) 3 EPN for red palm weevil management (CPCRI) 132 iii 2.10 Tropical Fruits 1 Field evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae against mango hoppers 133 (ANGRAU, MPKV) 2 Survey and record of incidence of papaya mealybug and its natural enemies 136 on papaya and other alternate hosts (AAU-A, KAU, MPKV, TNAU, OUAT, IIHR) 3 Extent of parasitism of Acerophagus papayae on tapioca in different agro 144 climatic zones of Kerala (KAU) 4 Biological suppression of mealybugs, Maconellicoccus hirsutus and Ferrisia 144 virgata with Scymnus coccivora on custard apple (MPKV) 5 Economic analysis of impact of release of Acerophagus papayae on papaya 146 production, seed production, papaine industry, mulberry and tapioca (TNAU) 6 Bio-efficacy of EPNs against Citrus trunk borer, Anoplophora versteegi 151 (CAU) 7 Natural enemies associated with mango pulp borer (OUAT) 153 2.11 Temperate Fruits 1 Survey for identification of suitable natural enemies of codling moth 154 (SKUAST) 2 Field evaluation of mass released Trichogramma embryophagum against 154 codling moth, Cydia pomonella on apple (SKUAST) 3 Observations on the natural enemies of seed infesting Eurytoma of apricots 156 in Laddakh (SKUAST) 4 Evaluation of entomopathogenic fungi and EPNs for the suppression of 156 Apple root borer, Dorysthenes hugelii under field conditions (YSPUHF). 5 Evaluation of predatory mite in combination with horticultural mineral oils 157 (HMO) for the management of phytophagous mites on apple (YSPUHF). 2.12 Vegetables 1 Developing bio intensive IPM package for the pests of Cole crops (AAU-J, 158 PAU, SKUAST, and YSPUHF) 2 Evaluation of microbial pesticides against diamond back moth (DBM) 162 (CAU) 3 Field evaluation
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