(Public Pack)Agenda Document for Environment Overview and Scrutiny

AGENDA

For a meeting of the ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW AND SCRUTINY COMMITTEE to be held on TUESDAY, 20 FEBRUARY 2018 at 10.30 AM In the WITHAM ROOM - COUNCIL OFFICES, ST. PETER'S HILL, GRANTHAM. NG31 6PZ Aidan Rave, Chief Executive

Chairman Councillor Mike Exton Councillor Ashley Baxter Councillor Bob Russell (Vice-Chairman) Councillor Lynda Coutts Councillor Brian Sumner Councillor Nick Craft Councillor Martin Wilkins Invited Cabinet Members

Councillor Dr Peter Moseley, Cabinet Member for Environment

Support Officer: Lucy Bonshor Tel: 01476 40 60 80 extn 61 20 E-mail: [email protected]

Members of the Committee are invited to attend the above meeting to consider the items of business listed below.

1 COMMENTS FROM MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC To receive comments or views from members of the public at the Committee’s discretion. 2 MEMBERSHIP The committee to be notified of any substitute members. 3 APOLOGIES

4 DISCLOSURE OF INTERESTS Members are asked to disclose any interests in matters for consideration at the meeting. 5 ACTION NOTES FROM THE MEETING HELD ON 5 DECEMBER 2017 (Pages 3 - 7) (Enclosure) 6 UPDATES FROM THE PREVIOUS MEETING

7 AIR QUALITY UPDATE (Pages 8 - 90) Report ENV679 from the Cabinet Member for Environment. (Enclosure) 8 BIG CLEAN FURTHER UPDATE (Pages 91 - 94) Report ENV682 from the Cabinet Member for Environment. (Enclosure) 9 NEW HIGHER STREET STANDARD (Pages 95 - 117) Report ENV681 from the Cabinet Member for Environment. (Enclosure) 10 ENVIRO CRIME ENFORCEMENT (Pages 118 - 136) Report ENV680 from the Cabinet Member for Environment. (Enclosure) 11 TRADE WASTE

12 ANY OTHER BUSINESS WHICH THE CHAIRMAN, BY REASON OF SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES, DECIDES IS URGENT Agenda Item 5

MEETING OF THE ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW AND SCRUTINY COMMITTEE

TUESDAY, 5 DECEMBER 2017 10.00 AM

COMMITTEE MEMBERS PRESENT

Councillor Ashley Baxter Councillor Bob Russell (Vice-Chairman) Councillor Lynda Coutts Councillor Brian Sumner Councillor Nick Craft Councillor Martin Wilkins Councillor Mike Exton (Chairman)

CABINET MEMBERS

Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Member for Environment Councillor Jacky Smith Cabinet Member for Wellbeing, Health and Skills

OTHER MEMBERS PRESENT

Councillor Bob Sampson

OFFICERS

Strategic Director Environment and Property (Tracey Blackwell) Assistant Director Environment (Ian Yates) Service Manager Venues and Town Centre Management (Paul Stokes) Team Leader Operations (Mike Smith) Premise and Facilities Co-ordinator (Carolyn Baker) Democratic Officer (Lucy Bonshor)

29. DISCLOSURE OF INTERESTS

None disclosed.

30. ACTION NOTES FROM THE MEETING HELD ON 26TH SEPTEMBER 2017

The action notes from the meeting held on 26th September 2017 were agreed as a correct record.

Page - 3 31. UPDATES FROM THE PREVIOUS MEETING

A Member asked why he had not been circulated with the tender specifications for street lighting as noted in the action notes from last time. The information was unfortunately not available and the Chairman apologised to the Member.

A further question was asked about the environment workshop that was happening after the meeting, who had requested this? The Chairman stated that following the last meeting it was clear that not enough information was available and he decided that a workshop should be held, open to all Members to help collate evidence and inform what the content of an Environment Enforcement Policy should include.

32. STREET LIGHTING

The Chairman referred Members to the recommendation contained within report FM0012 which asked Members to consider various options for street lighting and proposed a working group be convened to look at the options in more detail.

One Member asked what the working group would be looking at to which the Chairman replied that the options within the report would be discussed in more detail and a recommendation made. Members were reminded that any recommendation from the working group would have to be put before a public meeting of the Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee for approval to go on to the Cabinet Member.

Discussion then followed on the proposal to hold a working group to discuss the issue. One Member had circulated a document at the meeting giving a further option for Members to consider. This had been previously e-mailed to Members and he could not see what was not clear about discussing the options contained in the report and circulated at the meeting that day. Another Member agreed that there was ample evidence to discuss the issue that day.

Further discussion followed about having enough information to consider all options and the Cabinet Member stated that he wanted to see a good debate take place and see that all options were considered. A working group would allow Members to contribute to the debate with any ideas that they may have, someone may have an innovative approach that had not been considered and he was fully supportive of a working group taking place.

Further comments were made concerning the working group and the fact that the public would not be able to attend. It was stated that any recommendation from the working group would have to go to a public meeting of the Committee to which members of the public could attend.

It was proposed that a working group be held to consider the options for street

Page - 4 lighting. The proposal was seconded and on being put to the vote it was agreed. Councillor Baxter asked that his vote against the proposal be recorded.

(Cllr Craft left the meeting at 10:20am and did not return)

A date for the working group was then discussed and it was agreed that a working Group would be held at 10:00am on Tuesday 16th January 2018.

 Action Note

That Members be circulated with the date of the Working group to be held at 10:00am on Tuesday 16th January 2018 to discuss the options for street lighting.

33. EXTENSION TO GROUNDS MAINTENANCE CONTRACT

Members had been circulated with report ENV673 from the Cabinet Member for Environment. The report concerned the grounds maintenance contract which expired on 28 February 2018. There was an extension clause within the contract should the Council wish to take this opportunity to extend the contract. The Cabinet Member was asking the Committee to recommend an extension to the contract to enable work to be undertaken to look at the options available and any alternative arrangements especially with the impacts that are likely due to Lincolnshire County Council changing their requirements through the contract.

Members discussed the timeframe for the extension and referred to options that maybe considered or could impact the contract;

 working with parish and town councils  lessons that had been learnt from the Big Clean project  looking at an in house option  changes to Lincolnshire County Council’s ground maintenance contract reducing the number of cutting times.  financial implications to the extension of the contract  the ground maintenance contract did not just deal with grass cutting

Extending the contract for two years was mentioned but the Committee felt that a 12 month extension should give sufficient time to enable other options to be considered. A 12 month extension was proposed, seconded and unanimously agreed.

Recommendation:

That the Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee noted the report and recommended that the Cabinet Member for Environment extends the existing Grounds Maintenance Contract with Glendale Grounds

Page - 5 Management Limited (Glendale) for a period of 12 months.

34. BIG CLEAN UPDATE

The Cabinet Member for Environment gave a brief update to Members. The second phase of the project was underway, concentration was on the legacy of the project which was two-fold, the enforcement: what policy was needed to help to underpin the work carried out (workshop to take place after the meeting) and also the higher street standard a draft of which would be coming to the next meeting of the Committee and be based on the evidence and issues experienced during the Big Clean project. The second team was due to be in place from April 2018 to continue work on higher street standards.

Members gave examples of reported instances which hadn’t been addressed during the project and it was stressed that some may be outside of scope or fall into more long term ambitions of the project. The website was still up and areas could still be identified for cleaning.

The project as a whole had been to target resources to get value for money rather than blitz the entire district. Often when one area was transformed it could leave others looking less “clean” and expectations needed to be understood and managed accordingly. A question was asked about the equipment and it was stated that some of it had been leased. Dialogue was happening with both parish and town councils on where the equipment that had been bought and was not being used by the team, could be used most appropriately and cost effectively.

Members congratulated the project as a whole and felt that it had been a big success and noted the position to date.

35. TRADE WASTE

The Cabinet Member for Environment informed the Committee that work was proceeding with the trade waste service, currently recruitment for a sales executive was proceeding as planned.

36. LOCATION OF MEETINGS

The Chairman stated that during 2018 a meeting of the Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee would be held at an alternative venue, this would not include the next two scheduled meetings. It was stressed though that it did depend on the content of the agenda.

Reference was made to Members putting items on the agenda which were relevant to the remit of the Committee and it was stated that at the recent scrutiny committee training that had taken place Members could request for an

Page - 6 item to be included on the agenda but could not demand that an item was included.

A further comment was made about the timing of the meeting and it was proposed that the meeting start regularly at 10:00am however this was not seconded and the time of future meetings would remain at 10:30am.

37. CLOSE OF MEETING

The meeting closed at 11:13am.

Page - 7 Agenda Item 7

ENVIRONMENT OVERVIEW AND SCRUTINY COMMITTEE

Report of: Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Member for the Environment

Report to: Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Date: 20 February 2018

Subject: ENV679 Air Quality Annual Status Report

Decision Proposal: Progress Report Relevant Cabinet Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Member: Cabinet Member for the Environment

Report author: Anne-Marie Coulthard, Service Manager Environmental Health Tel: 01476 406319 e-mail: [email protected] Date: 10 January 2018

Reviewed by: Ian Yates, Assistant Director, Environment Tel: 01476 406301 e-mail: [email protected] Date: 17 January 2018

Signed off by: Tracey Blackwell, Director Environment and Property Tel: 01476 406058 e-mail: [email protected] Date: 29 January 2018

Approved for Councillor Dr Peter Moseley publication Date: 7 February 2018

SUMMARY

This report presents the 2017 Annual Air Quality Status Report for South Kesteven which provides an overview of the air quality in the district during 2016 and progress against measures in the Council’s Air Quality Action Plan.

The Annual Status Report (ASR) shows that whilst good progress is being made towards implementing and completing measures to improve air quality, the Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) is still relevant as there is a trend of increasing concentrations of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2).

Page - 8 RECOMMENDATION

That the Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee note the content of the 2017 Annual Air Quality Status Report and the progress made against the Air Quality Action Plan.

1. BACKGROUND TO REPORT

1.1 Under the Environment Act 1995 and the associated Local Air Quality Management Framework, local authorities have a duty to review and assess air quality against National Air Quality Standards. When a pollutant fails to comply with an objective and there is relevant public exposure, an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) must be declared and an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) prepared, detailing measures which will be implemented to improve air quality in the designated area. As of July 2017, 71% of UK local authorities had one or more AQMAs declared.

1.2 South Kesteven District Council declared an AQMA in 2013 encompassing the main roads in the town centre of Grantham (see appendix 1, figure 2). The main pollutant of concern is Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), which largely attributable to road transport emissions, with cars being the dominant source within the AQMA (cars 42%, LGV 10%, HGV 14%, buses 10%, background 24%).

1.3 The AQAP (see appendix 1) was published in 2016 and since then progress has been and continues to be made against a number of measures. Implementation of the actions is monitored as part of an annual ASR which the Council is required to produce. The ASR (see appendix 2) also contains monitoring data and data trends relating to data captured in 2016. It has been appraised by the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) (see response in appendix 3). DEFRA have commented that:

“The Local Authority has made good progress towards implementing and completing measures. In light of this year’s results the Local Authority should continue to develop and adapt its AQAP in order to achieve compliance.

On the basis of the evidence provided by the local authority the conclusions reached are acceptable for all sources and pollutants.....”

2. Monitoring Data and Trend

2.1 Improvements in air quality are assessed by analysing long term data over a number of years. Short term results are less reliable as they are influenced by a number of factors including weather and temporary events such as road works and local traffic diversions.

2.2 Passive monitoring of NO2 using diffusion tubes was undertaken at 34 sites across the district in 2016. The monitoring site locations and data for the past five years are detailed in appendices A and B of the ASR. A total of 7 sites (all 3 within the AQMA) exceeded the annual mean objective for NO2 of 40µg/m

Page - 9 before distance correction to the receptor (sensitive locations such as dwellings and schools). After correction, this reduced to 4 monitoring sites at 3 locations; Brook Street/Manthorpe Road junction, Wharf Road and South Parade/London Road junction.

2.3 In comparison to 2015 data there is an upward trend across the majority of monitoring locations within the AQMA. Overall 14 of the 16 sites showed increased concentrations in 2016 when compared to 2015 data. On the basis of these results the AQMA remains relevant and there is no justification to revoke or amend the area.

2.4 The trend in annual mean NO2 concentrations at locations within the AQMA over the last 5 years are shown at appendix 4.

3. Progress against Actions

3.1 The main actions in the current Action Plan to improve air quality are based on:

 Construction of the Grantham Southern quadrant East-West relief road  Improving traffic flow, easing congestion and reducing traffic idling  Improving bus fleet emissions  Encouraging modal shift away from car use, promoting alternative methods of transport improving the cycling infrastructure  A rolling programme of vehicle replacement and use of cleaner/alternative fuels within the Council’s own fleet and better travel planning amongst employees

3.2 Progress against these measures is detailed in table 2.2 of the ASR. The latest progress will be included in the 2018 ASR, but briefly includes:

 94% of the Council’s fleet is now Euro V emission standard or better. The Council is committed to leading by example and will increase this to 100% as the remaining Euro IV vehicles are replaced in Spring 2018  4 electric vehicles (for use in the pool car fleet) will be purchased in 2018  Feasibility studies are being undertaken for the installation of an electric vehicle charging point infrastructure in appropriate Council owned car parks  Construction of Phase 2 of the Grantham Southern Relief Road is expected to commence in Summer 2018 (subject to the approval of Orders) with Phase 2 starting in 2019 and completion projected for summer 2020.

4. Challenges and Opportunities

4.1 The strong economic growth and projected increase in population within the district present challenges to air quality as there is an inevitable increased demand across all modes of transport and associated infrastructure. Air quality is a consideration when assessing development proposals, particularly in or near the AQMA. The Council’s draft Local Plan states that ‘new development should not exacerbate air quality in the existing Air Quality Management Area (AQMA)’ and that ‘where applicable mitigation should be provided in accordance with measures from the Council’s Air Quality Action Page - 10 Plan (AQAP)’. This provides an opportunity to ensure that sustainable growth can deliver positive improvements to air quality.

4.2 While work continues with partners to provide a co-ordinated approach, like many other local authorities work on air quality is complicated by the separation between tiers of local government; while the district council has responsibility for managing local air quality, transport is managed by the county council. LCC have indicated that any future opportunities arising from development or highway improvements will be taken.

4.3 To achieve significant improvements in air quality the development of national policies to reduce air pollution e.g. tax incentives, scrappage schemes, infrastructure for electric vehicles etc. will be an important factor.

4.4 The UK plan for tackling roadside nitrogen dioxide emissions (DEFRA 2017) requires 28 local authorities (South Kesteven is not one of the 28) to undertake further work to accelerate action on air quality, including the implementation of Clean Air Zones in 5 cities. The number of local authorities directed to take additional action is based on a central forecast of the areas that would not comply with NO2 limits in 2021 without additional local action. This is estimated by a complex modelling process that draws on several subsidiary models and numerous datasets.

4.5 Government has stated that it “is conscious that some local authorities (not included in the current 28) are forecast to have air quality exceedances which are close to, but below air quality limits in 2021” and “will consider further steps to ensure that air quality in these areas improves to ensure that forecast levels remain compliant. These steps could include preferential access to funding and government support to access and build on best practice”. Government has not release details of those local authorities which they considered to be “close to, but below air quality limits in 2021”.

4.6 A £255 million implementation fund has been announced to support the 28 directed local authorities with the highest projected concentrations who are central to the delivery of UK Plan. Government has also committed to establish a Clean Air Fund available for local authorities to bid for funding to support implementation measures and to help minimise the impact of local authorities’ compliance plans on motorists, residents and businesses, the details of which have not yet been announced. Future funding for local authorities to improve air quality is uncertain at this time.

4.7 Work has commenced on the next ASR which will report on 2017 monitoring data. This is due for submission to DEFRA by June 2018.

5. OTHER OPTIONS CONSIDERED

5.1 The Council has a statutory obligation to keep air quality under review and to produce an Annual Air Quality Status Report.

Page - 11 6. RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS

6.1 Current progress against the Action Plan is being met from existing resources.

7. RISK AND MITIGATION

7.1 In 2014 the European Commission started an infringement case against the UK under the Ambient Air Quality Directive for failure to comply with EU limit values, and in February 2017 issued a ‘Reasoned Opinion’, which is a final written warning before a case is referred to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). In April 2017 the UK Government submitted a response detailing how it would comply with the limits within the timeline imposed. This is currently under review.

7.2 DEFRA has recognised potential fines relating to air quality as unqualified remote contingent liabilities within its annual accounts. Government does not have any estimate of what the level of penalties would be should the Government be fined by the CJEU, as it is unknown how many air quality zone breaches the court would choose to pursue, nor is it clear whether penalties may be imposed before EU-exit.

7.3 The Localism Act 2011 gives central government powers to require local authorities to pay some or all of the European fines faced by the UK. The likelihood of this is currently unknown.

8. ISSUES ARISING FROM IMPACT ANALYSIS (EQUALITY, SAFEGUARDING etc.)

8.1 This report presents air quality results and progress for information. It is not considered that impact analysis is relevant in this instance.

9. CRIME AND DISORDER IMPLICATIONS

9.1 No crime and disorder implications have been identified.

10. COMMENTS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES

10.1 There are no financial implications arising from this report.

11. COMMENTS OF LEGAL AND DEMOCRATIC SERVICES

11.1 The Local Air Quality Management (“LAQM”) regime was introduced by the Environment Act 1995. The District Council’s duties under the Environmental Act 1995 are mandatory. The duties imposed on the Council are, to review air quality from time to time and, under Part IV of the Act, to develop and implement an air quality action plan to tackle air pollution.

Page - 12 12. COMMENTS OF OTHER RELEVANT SERVICES

12.1 None received.

13. APPENDICES

Appendix 1 South Kesteven Air Quality Action Plan 2016 Appendix 2 South Kesteven Annual Status Report 2017 Appendix 3 Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) Appraisal of Annual Status Report Appendix 4 Trend in annual mean NO2 concentrations at locations with the AQMA

14. BACKGROUND PAPERS

UK plan for tackling roadside nitrogen dioxide emissions (DEFRA 2017) https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/air-quality-plan-for-nitrogen- dioxide-no2-in-uk-2017

Page - 13 your council working for you Air Quality Action Plan 2016 In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management

South Kesteven District Council Page - 14 Stamford • Grantham • Bourne • The Deepings 1 Air Quality Action Plan

Index 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Description of South Kesteven 3

2 Overview of Air Quality 4 2.1 Grantham Air Quality Management Area 4 2.2 Monitoring Data 5 2.3 Source Apportionment 6 2.4 Required Reductions in NOx and NO2 7

3 Local Policies and Strategies 8

4 Action Plan Proposals 8 4.1 Transport Measures 10 4.2 Leading by Examples Measures 13 4.3 Measures which Raise Awareness in our Communities 14 4.4 Measures Considered but Dismissed on the Ground of Cost Effectiveness and / or Feasibility 14

5 Implementation and Monitoring 19

6 Glossary of Terms 20

Page - 15 2 Air Quality Action Plan

1. Introduction South Kesteven District Council is committed to relevant bodies, particularly the Highways team working to improve the air quality in our district of Lincolnshire County Council (LCC) and the where levels of air pollutants are exceeding air relevant teams of South Kesteven District Council quality objectives. to incorporate localised engineered measures in the AQMA. Whilst relevant actions to improve air Air quality in South Kesteven is generally good. quality are presented in this report, current budget However, there are locations where pollutant and funding constraints within councils must be levels are high, with the highest levels being considered alongside the effectiveness of each along narrow, congested street canyons (roads action, to enable the actions to be realistically with properties close to the road on either side of achieved. the street) in Grantham.

Monitoring has revealed that the annual mean air 1.1 South Kesteven quality objectives for NO2 are being exceeded at a number of locations in Grantham town centre, The district of South Kesteven is very diverse, some of which were already declared as Air comprising principal towns of Grantham, Stamford Quality Management Areas (AQMAs). In order to Bourne and The Deepings surrounded by small deal more effectively with these areas, in August rural villages and hamlets. 2013, the AQMA was extended and incorporated into one AQMA known as Air Quality Management The main source of air pollution in the district is Area (AQMA) No6. road traffic emissions from major roads, notably the A1, A52, A15 and A607. The district and This Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) has been surrounding areas are illustrated in Figure 1. prepared and developed in partnership with other

Figure 1 - South Kesteven District Council boundary and Surrounding Area Page - 16 3 Air Quality Action Plan

2.0 Overview of air quality

Grantham town centre AQMA, equating to an 2.1 Grantham Air Quality exposed population of around 650. The necessary

reduction in annual mean NO2 concentration Management Area required in order to achieve compliance with the In 2013, the council declared an AQMA for the Air Quality Standards objective at the worst case area encompassing the main roads in the town location was estimated to be around 30%. centre of Grantham. The AQMA is illustrated in Figure 2. A number of roads included within the Source apportionment indicated that emissions AQMA are likely to lead to a “street canyon effect” from local moving traffic are the main contributor due to the road and building layout, trapping to overall NO2 levels, although idling emissions and preventing the dispersion of air pollutant due to queuing vehicles are also particularly emissions from road-traffic, therefore explaining important near traffic lights. Heavy-Duty Vehicles the high levels of pollution in these areas. (HDVs) were estimated to be a main source of pollution, although important contributions are The 2011 Detailed / Further Assessment also noted from Light-Duty Vehicles (LDVs). concluded that around 320 homes lie within the

Figure 2 - Grantham Air Quality Management Area In red, current AQMA boundary (declared in 2013). In blue, previous AQMA areas. © Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. South Kesteven District Council OS licence 100018662/2016 Page - 17 4 Air Quality Action Plan

SK37/SK38 (Wharf Road) and SK59/SK60 (Brook 2.2 Monitoring data Street/Manthorpe Road). All of these sites are located within the AQMA. NO annual mean In 2014, the council carried out passive NO 2 2 results at sites within the AQMA are shown in monitoring at 37 sites across the district using figure 3. diffusion tubes. This included 15 duplicate tube The number of sites showing an exceedence of and four triplicate tube locations, which are aimed the objective has decreased in the last few years, at improving reliability of the data. with 13 sites exceeding in 2010, 15 in 2011, 8 in The monitoring data shows that three sites 2012, 4 in 2013, and now only 3 in 2014. exceeded the annual mean NO2 air quality strategy objective in 2014; at sites SK4/SK32/ SK33 (Brook Street/Manthorpe Road),

© Crown Copyright. All rights reserved. South Kesteven District Council OS licence 100018662/2015 Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescot Street London, E1 8HG Location Grantham Title Monitored NO2 Annual Mean (2014) in and around the AQMA By Approved

EC AW Scale Job Ref

Not To Scale 6295005 Date Figure No. December 2015 3

Figure 3 - Monitored NO2 Annual Mean (2014) in and around the AQMA

Page - 18 5 Air Quality Action Plan

this location and so would not represent gains 2.3 Source apportionment across the whole modelled area. A source apportionment study was carried out When considering the average NOx concentration for the AQMA as part of the detailed/further across all modelled receptors, road traffic assessment as required by the Governments accounts for 23.3µg/m3 (46.1%) of total NOx Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) system. (44.6µg/m3). Of this total average NOx, cars The source apportionment study has been account for the most (24.4%) of any of the vehicle updated as part of the development of this types on average, followed by HGVs (10.2%). AQAP, using a 2014 base model. NOx source LGVs and buses account on average for 6.8% apportionment results for the baseline 2014 and 4.8% respectively of the overall predicted dispersion modelling scenario are discussed average NOx concentration. below. When considering the average NOx concentration The source apportionment was carried out for at receptors with an NO concentration greater the following vehicle classes: 2 than 40µg/m3, road traffic contribution is much higher, accounting for 70.0µg/m3 (76.2%) of • Cars; total NOx (91.6µg/m3). Of this 91.6µg/m3, cars • Light-Goods Vehicles (LGVs); account for the most (41.8%) of any of the vehicle • Buses; and types, followed by HGVs (14.4%) then LGVs and • Heavy-Goods Vehicles (HGVs). buses (both 10%). Table 1 and Figure 4 present source At the receptor with the maximum road NOx apportionment results for NOx for three different concentration (99.9µg/m3, predicted at receptor selections of the modelled receptors: R22 along the A607 Manthorpe Road within the AQMA), road traffic accounts for 78.3% of the • Average across all modelled receptors. This overall NOx. The contribution of vehicle types provides useful information when considering remains the same as discussed above, with cars possible AQAP measures to test and accounting for 42.2% of the overall predicted NOx adopt. It will however understate road NOx concentration, followed by HGVs (15.3%), buses concentrations in problem areas; and LGVs (both slightly above 10%).

• Average across all receptors with NO2 concentration greater than 40µg/m3. This provides an indication of source apportionment in areas known to be a problem (i.e. only where the AQS objective is exceeded). As such, this information should be considered with more scrutiny when testing and adopting AQAP measures; and

• At receptor with maximum road NOx concentration. This is likely to be in the area of most concern and so a good place to test and adopt AQAP measures. Any gains predicted by AQAP measures are likely to be greatest at Page - 19 6 Air Quality Action Plan

Table 1 - NOx source apportionment results

Results All Vehicles Car LGV HGV Bus Background

Average across all modelled receptors

NOx Concentration (µg/m3) 23.3 12.2 3.4 5.2 2.5 21.3

Percentage 46.1% 24.4% 6.8% 10.2% 4.8% 53.9%

Percentage road contribution 100.0% 52.9% 14.8% 22.1% 10.4% -

Average across all receptors with NO2 concentration greater than 40µg/m3 NOx concentration (µg/m3) 70.0 38.3 9.2 13.3 9.2 21.6

Percentage 76.2% 41.8% 10.0% 14.4% 10.0% 23.7%

Percentage road contribution 100.0% 54.9% 13.1% 18.9% 13.1% -

At receptor with maximum road NOx concentration (Receptor R22 – A607 Manthorpe Road)

NOx concentration (µg/m3) 78.3 42.2 10.2 15.3 10.6 21.6

Percentage 78.3% 42.2% 10.2% 15.3% 10.6% 21.6%

Percentage road contribution 100.0% 53.9% 13.0% 19.5% 13.5% -

Figure 4 - NOx source apportionment results

Average across all Average across all At receptor with maximum NOx

modelled receptors receptors with NO2 concentration concentration 3 n24.4% above 40ug/m n 42.2% n 6.8% n 41.8% n 10.2% n 10.2% n 10.0% n 15.3% n 4.8% n 14.4% n 10.6% n 53.9% n 10.0% n 21.6% n 23.7% n % CAR NOx n % LGV NOx n % HGV NOx n % BUS Nox n % BackgroundPage NOx - 20 7 Air Quality Action Plan

2.4 Required reductions 3 Local policies in NOx and NO2 In order to inform a decision on the most suitable and strategies measures to implement as part of the AQAP, it is There are a number of related policies and necessary to calculate the reduction of NO (as 2 strategies at local and regional level that link NOx) that would be required in order to comply directly with the aims of the AQAP. The majority with the AQS objectives. The assessment is of these policies and strategies are focused on based on predicted concentration at the worst- transportation issues, and therefore are likely case receptor as reported in Table 1 (R22, along to help contribute to overall improvements in air the A607 Manthorpe Road, within the AQMA). quality across the district. Their implementation is This approach assumes that other receptors will likely to bring benefits to air quality in Grantham, require less of a reduction. particularly in the AQMA through targeting congestion within Grantham. These include: The methodology to determine the required reduction in NOx and NO is described in 2 • South Kesteven Core Strategy the DEFRA Technical Guidance, LAQM. • Lincolnshire Transport Plan TG(09) Section 7.21. For NOx, it requires the • Transport Strategy for Grantham calculation of “current” and “required” road-NOx • South Kesteven Local Plan (currently being concentrations. prepared for up to 2036) The road-NOx required within the AQMA to

comply with the NO2 AQS objective is 54.9µg/ m3. As the maximum predicted road-NOx in the AQMA is 78.3µg/m3 (at receptor R22, as 4 Action Plan shown in Table 1), the reduction in road-NOx concentration necessary to meet the NO2 proposals objective is (78.3 - 54.9) = 23.5µg/m3. This is equivalent to a reduction of 30% in road-NOx A summary of the measures considered for the concentrations. This equates to a reduction of AQAP is outlined in the following pages, including the likely impact, timescales and feasibility of 8.6µg/m3 in NO2 (equivalent to a reduction of these proposals. In order to inform the action 18% in total NO2 concentration) to comply with the objective. planning process, a simple assessment of the cost and benefit of each proposal has been undertaken.

Table 2 provides an indication of the scoring used. A simple multiplication of the cost and impact gives some indication as to the cost effective score of the proposals. All measures, together with associated cost-effectiveness, prioritisation and targets / indicators to track their progress are listed in Table 3.

Page - 21 8 Air Quality Action Plan

Table 2 - Scoring used to assess and prioritise proposals

Cost Air Quality Impact Timescale Indicative Reduction in Score Approximate cost Score Years NO2 Concentration 7 <100k 7 >5 µg/m3 Short (s) 1.2 6 100-500k 6 2 – 5 µg/m3

5 500k-1million 5 1 – 2 µg/m3 Medium 3.5 4 1-10 million 4 0.5 – 1 µg/m3 (M) 3 10-50 million 3 0.2 – 0.5 µg/m3

2 50-100 million 2 0 - 0.2 µg/m3 Long (L) 6+ 1 >100million 1 0 µg/m3

Feasibility of implementation/funding Score: 1›››10

• One being the least feasible and 10 being the emission standards (M3). most feasible; and • Feasibility requires consideration of feasibility The predicted NO2 annual mean concentrations for implementation and funding. obtained for these scenarios were compared Cost effective score = cost score × air against the 2014 base scenario results to quality impact score ascertain the likely air quality improvements that Prioritisation score = cost effective score may be expected as a result of adoption of these + feasibility score intervention measures.

Based upon an initial shortlist of preferred The key headline findings following the AQAP measures that may adopted, quantitative implementation of the above intervention appraisal using dispersion modelling was measures are included in the relevant sections undertaken for the following intervention set out below. scenarios: 4.1 Transport measures • Adoption of the Grantham Southern Quadrant Road-traffic emissions contribute to about 75% Relief Road (M1); of total NOx concentrations within the Grantham • Improving traffic management at key junctions, AQMA. Therefore, in essence, poor air quality leading to reduced congestion and therefore in the AQMA can be tackled by reducing traffic increased vehicle speeds by 10% to 20% in volumes, smoothing the flow of traffic (to reduce and around the AQMA (M2) and the stopping / acceleration cycle), removing the • Renewal of the local bus fleet to meet Euro VI most polluting vehicles and increasing modal shift

Page - 22 9 Air Quality Action Plan

(thus reducing car usage within the AQMA). centre and within the AQMA. The average reduction would be 0.4µg/m3 across all receptors What are we already doing? considered, although improvements would be more significant within the AQMA, with a “The Transport Strategy for Grantham 2007 to maximum reduction of 3µg/m3 predicted along 2021 and Beyond” is in place and short term aims the A52 at Bridge End Road. are being delivered by LCC, such as; • improvements to local public transport services MEASURE M2: IMPROVE TRAFFIC • walking and cycling reviews and improvements MANAGEMENT AT KEY JUNCTIONS • town centre traffic management The pollution problem in the AQMA is partly The South Kesteven District Council Taxi due to slow moving traffic, which results from a Licensing Policy requires that an application for number of factors such as queuing at the traffic a new hackney carriage or private hire vehicle lights, large traffic volumes particularly during licence will not be accepted if the vehicle is seven peak hours and road capacity taken by parked years old or more. Existing vehicles continue to vehicles. It is anticipated that improving the be licensed until they reach the age of 10 years flow of vehicles in the AQMA and moving the (12 years for purpose built vehicles) as long as queuing traffic to areas where there is no relevant the vehicle passes the compliance tests at the exposure is likely to have a benefit upon air required times. quality within the AQMA.

The feasibility of six measures related to transport Urban Traffic Management and Control (UTMC) have been considered for inclusion in the AQAP; is instigated by Department for Transport (DfT) to implement Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) in MEASURE M1: GRANTHAM SOUTHERN urban areas to tackle traffic and air quality issues. QUADRANT EAST-WEST RELIEF ROAD A UTMC for Grantham AQMA could provide an overarching system to manage and control traffic The relief road is expected to alleviate the existing in order to improve air quality. and future traffic related problems resulting from significant approved development. The potential air quality improvements that may arise due to the implementation of an UTMC The relief road has been subject to a full planning system in Grantham have been quantitatively application involving a detailed Environmental appraised as part of the dispersion modelling Impact Assessment (EIA)2 and received studies associated with the development of this conditional planning consent in November 2013. AQAP. Two scenarios have been considered; one Work on the Relief Road started at the end of where reduced congestion would increase vehicle 2015 and is anticipated to be completed in 2019. speeds by 10% in and around the AQMA (M2a), and a second assuming that vehicle speeds The potential air quality improvements that may would increase on average by 20% (M2b). arise due to the completion of the relief road have been quantitatively appraised as part of the Results from scenario M2a (increasing vehicle dispersion modelling studies associated with the speed by 10%) show that NO2 annual mean development of this AQAP. concentrations would slightly reduce across

This measure would slightly reduce NO2 annual Grantham town centre and within the AQMA. The mean concentrations across Grantham town average reduction would be 0.4µg/m3 across

2 Grantham Southern Quadrant Link Road Environmental Statement (March 2013) Page - 23 10 Air Quality Action Plan

all receptors, although improvements would be dispersion modelling studies associated with the slightly more significant within the AQMA, with a development of this AQAP. maximum reduction of 1.2µg/m3 predicted along the A607 Manthorpe Road. Results from scenario M3 show that NO2 annual mean concentrations would reduce across Results from scenario M2b (increasing vehicle Grantham town centre and within the AQMA.The speed by 20%) show that NO2 concentrations average reduction would be 0.9µg/m3 across all would further reduce, compared to scenario M2a. receptors, although improvements would be more The average reduction would be 0.8µg/m3 across significant within the AQMA, with a maximum all receptors, although improvements would be reduction of 4.3µg/m3 predicted along the A52 slightly more significant within the AQMA, with a Wharf Road, and many other areas within the number of areas showing a reduction of about AQMA showing an improvement of 2µg/m3 or 2µg/m3, and a maximum reduction of 2.4µg/m3 more. predicted along the A607 Manthorpe Road. MEASURE M4: ENCOURAGING MODAL SHIFT In order to improve traffic flows in the AQMA, Lincolnshire County Council (LCC) Highways Encouraging Grantham town centre visitors and will identify and consider engineering traffic school children to use different modes of transport management solutions, such as; UTMC, changing to cars will improve local air quality, including traffic light sequencing to allow more free-moving within the AQMA. Working with LCC, we will traffic, the provision of increased road capacity, or consider the potential for encouraging modal shift rerouting traffic. from private car to public transport, cycling and walking, particularly in the town centre. This could MEASURE M3: IMPROVEMENTS IN BUS be achieved by using improved parking control, or FLEET EMISSIONS developing alternative travel plans for town centre residents, such as Sustran’s Personalised Travel Emissions from buses contribute on average Planning (PTP) project, known as TravelSmart. 10% of the total NOx concentrations in the This PTP aims at reversing the trend towards AQMA. LCC (Highways) will consider feasible increased car use and tackling its impacts changes in the bus fleet composition, to ensure on climate, public health and quality of life. buses passing through the AQMA are cleaner TravelSmart has succeeded in reducing car use and meet the highest emissions standards. The by 10% or more wherever it has operated. options to be considered will be dependent on the current bus fleet and the improvements in Euro MEASURE M5: REDUCTION IN IDLING standards (European emission standards for new OF TRAFFIC vehicles) that could be reasonably achievable. This could be implemented through a Quality Bus Emissions from idling vehicles can contribute Partnership between LCC and bus operators. For significantly to overall air pollution in Grantham example, the impact of swapping all Euro II buses town centre. This is even more important in areas to Euro VI buses or retrofitting Selective Catalytic of poor air quality, such as the AQMA. Reduction (SCR) technology to existing buses In implementing this measure we will consider the could be considered and assessed. following options: • Providing ‘No Idling’ signage in the town centre The potential air quality improvements that as a deterrent; and / or may arise due to the renewal of the local bus • Implementing an awareness campaign fleet to meet Euro VI emission standards have targeting bus and taxi operators, explaining the been quantitatively appraised as part of the issues related to idling vehicles, and how it has Page - 24 11 Air Quality Action Plan

an impact on air quality within the town centre, The council will work to improve emissions from including the AQMA. the council’s vehicle fleet by implementing a replacement programme for older vehicles, so that the fleet gradually meets the most stringent MEASURE M6: PROVISION OF CYCLING Euro standards. INFRASTRUCTURE MEASURE M8: PROMOTE THE USE OF The council will work with LCC to improve the CLEANER OR ALTERNATIVE FUELS WHERE infrastructure for cycling in the town, including POSSIBLE opportunities for cycle lanes and promotion of alternative “green” modes of transport within Where practicable the council will work to Grantham town centre. improve emissions from our own vehicle fleet by increasing the number of greener / low emissions 4.2 Leading by example measures vehicles using alternative fuels.

A key part of the council’s role is to lead by MEASURE M9: INVESTIGATE OPTIONS FOR example to reduce NOx and PM10 emissions BETTER TRAVEL PLANNING AMONGST THE associated with our own council buildings and COUNCIL’S EMPLOYEES transport fleet. Working with LCC, the council will aim to reduce What are we already doing? vehicle pollution from staff travelling to and from work. Additional benefits involve cost savings and Our Carbon Management Plan sets out the a healthier workforce, although it is acknowledged acknowledged areas of opportunity to reduce our that this can be challenging due to factors such own emissions, for example we have; as reluctance to give up car, the lack of cycling facilities and safety concerns, which need to be • Reduced the number of business miles overcome. travelled by staff in cars • Provided staff facilities for secure cycle storage 4.3 Measures which raise awareness in our and changing communities • Introduced a Cycle to Work scheme • Undertaken staff awareness By providing information and raising awareness • Encourage staff to walk to local appointments about air pollution we can help our residents within the AQMA make informed choices and ensure that they • Carry out regular emissions testing of our own adhere to legal requirements. We are well placed vehicle fleet to work in partnership with others to encourage improvements in areas not within our direct To minimise and control air pollution generated control. by the council’s vehicle fleet and employees, the council also consider the following additional What are we already doing? measures should be included in the AQAP; To ensure that air pollution is controlled by MEASURE M7: A ROLLING PROGRAMME legislation and enforcement is targeted, we use FOR REPLACING OLDER MORE POLLUTING our statutory powers to ensure residents and VEHICLES WITH NEWER CLEANER businesses are aware of their legal obligations, VEHICLES, WHICH MEET TIGHT EMISSION for example, we; STANDARDS

1http://www.sustrans.org.uk/what-we-do/travelsmart Page - 25 12 Air Quality Action Plan

• Inspect and permit industrial premises under vehicles could be selected to deliver these full the Environmental Permitting process loads. • Enforce legislation to reduce the burning of commercial and domestic waste The main feasibility issues of the scheme are the • Ensure that Smoke Control Area Orders are capital cost required in setting up the FCC, and adhered to the operating costs associated with its running. • Monitor air pollution in the district and provide In addition, organisational and customer service information for residents via our website. issues could have a negative impact on local • Comment on planning applications and businesses and local economy. Therefore this development policies to ensure that air quality potential measure has been dismissed and not issues are considered and mitigation measures considered further. are included wherever possible PROVISION OF “REAL TIME” AIR QUALITY To ensure that members of the public have INFORMATION access to information about air pollution and can make informed choices we also consider the The possibility of implementing a system following additional measures should be included providing real-time air pollution information to in the AQAP; members of the public, to enable commuters to make informed choices about their transport MEASURE M10: PROMOTION OF WALKING, options was considered. CYCLING AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT However, following a more detailed review of what such system would entail, it has been concluded Working with LCC, the council will promote the that the overall costs of the system would use of alternative green modes of transports, outweigh the advantages, whilst other potential such as walking and cycling, within Grantham issues include data lagging and instrument break town centre. Promotion will include schools in down. Therefore this potential measure has been and around the AQMA where large coaches dismissed and not considered further. are used to transport pupils. This can cause congestion during pick up and drop off times. COMPULSORY PURCHASE OF PROPERTIES Idling coaches can also add a significant WITHIN THE AQMA contribution to local pollution concentrations. A change of use from residential to occupational 4.4 Measures considered but dismissed on (excluding school, hospital, or similar land use the grounds of cost-effectiveness and/or sensitive to air quality) would effectively remove feasibility the status of a location where the NO2 annual As part of preliminary discussions held during mean air quality objective applies, which means the development of this AQAP, the following that the Grantham AQMA could then be revoked. measures were initially considered but dismissed The possibility of using Compulsory Purchase on the grounds of cost-effectiveness and/or Orders to purchase the dwellings within the feasibility. For completeness, they are briefly AQMA was discussed. discussed below. However, the Grantham AQMA is presently too FREIGHT CONSOLIDATION CENTRE large to consider compulsory purchase and this option would not be feasible. It would also not The feasibility of a Freight Consolidation Centre address the underlying air pollution problem. (FCC) was investigated. An FCC would aim to Therefore this potential measure has been consolidate small loads and consignments into dismissed and not considered further. smaller number of full loads, thus reducing HGV traffic in the Grantham AQMA. Low emission Page - 26 13 Air Quality Action Plan AQMA the town transport Reduced key areas of transport use of public of cycle lanes Reduced HGV no direct traffic more attractive congestion and the town centre composition but makes cycling a through traffic in potential users – Reduced vehicle Reduced idling in – reduced overall more attractive to Increased number increased bus use use and increased alternative method Improved bus fleet increased average reduction. Bus use speeds through the Targets/Indicators traffic flows through 70 90 108 100 160 150 Score) * Feasibility Score (Cost Prioritisation Effective Score 5 5 6 4 6 10 Feasibility 14 18 18 25 16 25 Cost) Cost Effective Score (Impact * 7 6 6 5 4 5 Cost 2 3 3 5 4 5 Impact built built’ stage stage Status partially feasibility feasibility feasibility end 2015 stage and stage and Feasibility Design and Design and Design and commenced Work on site Work implemented some already some already L S M M M M Timescale LCC LCC LCC LCC LCC LCC Lead SKDC/ SKDC/ and bus Authority companies traffic buses Actions LCC and Complete education Work with Work Increased relief road Implement Implement to upgrade modal shift companies Sustrans to provision of stacked out town centre of the town. signalling to signage and allow flow of encourage a traffic can be cycle lanes in Identify where Work with bus Work Measure 6: Provision of cycling infrastructure Measure 4: Encouraging modal shift Measure 5: Reduction in idling of traffic Measure 3: Improvement in bus fleet emissions Measure 2: Improve traffic management at key junctions Transport measures Transport Measure 1: Grantham Southern Relief Road (East Relief West Road) Table 3 - Summary and prioritisation of Action Plan measures to be implemented 3 - Summary and prioritisation of Table Page - 27 14 Air Quality Action Plan to work owned fleet council fleet whole council Introduce new vehicles to the use and walking Increased public awareness of air euro class of the electric or hybrid uptake of bicycle Improve average polluting forms of road network and quality issues and introduced by new Reduce number of of Cyle route maps schemes. Provison council staff driving council staff Targets/Indicators minimisation of that road traffic from the Removal of existing ultimate shift to less transport. Increased 98 112 112 112 Score) * Feasibility Score (Cost Prioritisation Effective Score 8 8 7 8 Feasibility 14 14 14 14 Cost) Cost Effective Score (Impact * 7 7 7 7 Cost 2 2 2 2 Impact stage stage stage Status Feasibility Feasibility Feasibility Implemented S S S M Timescale LCC/ Lead SKDC SKDC SKDC SKDC Authority fuels for vehicles Actions Develop LCC and Consider Meet with workplace travel plan alternative Sustrans to Replace old council fleet new cleaner vehicles with discuss issues Measures to raise awareness in our communities Measure 10: Promotion of walking cycling and public transport Leading by example measures Measure 7: rolling A programme for replacing older more polluting vehicles with newer cleaner vehicles, which comply with the prevailing EURO standard Measure 8: Promote the use of cleaner or alternative fuels where possible Measure 9: Investigate options for better travel planning amongst South Kesteven District Council employees Page - 28 15 Air Quality Action Plan - - - Targets/Indicators - - - Score) * Feasibility Score (Cost Prioritisation Effective Score - - - Feasibility - - - Cost) Cost Effective Score (Impact * - - - Cost - - - Impact Status Dismissed Dismissed Dismissed L L M Timescale Lead SKDC SKDC SKDC Authority FCC public AQMA, Actions Set up a real-time therefore removing exposure within the air quality to provide properties residential website or Investigate information Using CPO to purchase feasibility for twitter account Compulsory purchase of properties Provide public with ‘real time’ air quality information Measures considered but dismissed on the grounds of cost-effectiveness and/or feasibility Freight Consolidation Centre

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5 Implementation and monitoring South Kesteven District Council will work jointly on the AQAP measures with the relevant partners in LCC, transport operators, schools and local businesses. To secure the necessary air quality improvements, there must be involvement by all local stakeholders who should actively work to encourage community participation in the process.

The implementation of the AQAP will be monitored and progress reported on a yearly basis. The effectiveness of the implemented measures will be measured through monitoring of

NO2 concentrations at relevant receptor locations within the AQMA. In addition, traffic flow changes in the AQMA will also be assessed through the review and assessment process.

Further evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the AQAP may include the undertaking of periodic short-term traffic surveys, or longer term automated counts, that consider average or peak queue lengths near specific problem junctions, average vehicle speeds, fleet composition profiles and total traffic volumes as proxies for potential reductions in pollutant emissions from road traffic and associated improvements in local air quality.

There will be regular review and assessment of the AQAP proposals to evaluate progress and this will be reported in the annual LAQM reports, as required by the LAQM system.

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Abbreviation Full name / description

AQAP Air Quality Action Plan

AQMA Air Quality Management Area

AQS Air Quality Strategy

FCC Freight Consolidation Centre

HDV Heavy-Duty Vehicle (HGV / bus / coach)

HGV Heavy-Goods Vehicle

LAQM Local Air Quality Management

LAQM.TG(09) LAQM Technical Guidance, published by Defra in 2009

LCC Lincolnshire County Council

LDV Light-Duty Vehicle (LGV / Car)

LGV Light-Goods Vehicle

NO Nitric Oxide

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

Oxides of Nitrogen (a collective term used to refer to two species of oxides of

NOx nitrogen: nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which are released in the atmosphere when fuels are burned).

PM10 Particles of up to 10µm

PTP Personalised Travel Planning

SKDC South Kesteven District Council

UTMC Urban Traffic Management and Control

µg/m3 Microgram (of pollutant) per cubic metre (of air)

Page - 31 18 Air Quality Action Plan

Page - 32 19 South Kesteven District Council

Environmental Health Services Council Offices St. Peter’s Hill Grantham Lincolnshire NG31 6PZ

T. 01476 40 60 80 E. [email protected] W. www.southkesteven.gov.uk

01060RT_2.16

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South Kesteven District Council Annual Status Report 2017 Bureau Veritas October 2017

Page - 34

Document Control Sheet

Issue/Revision Issue 1 Issue 2 Remarks DRAFT FINAL Date September 2017 October 2017 Submitted to Pete Rogers Pete Rogers Paul Bentley – Paul Bentley – Prepared by Consultant Consultant

Signature

Jamie Clayton – Principal Hannah Smith – Senior Approved by Consultant Consultant

Signature

Project 6453607 number

Disclaimer

This Report was completed by Bureau Veritas on the basis of a defined programme of work and terms and conditions agreed with the Client. Bureau Veritas’ confirms that in preparing this Report it has exercised all reasonable skill and care taking into account the project objectives, the agreed scope of works, prevailing site conditions and the degree of manpower and resources allocated to the project.

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Any questions or matters arising from this Report should be addressed in the first instance to the report author.

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South Kesteven District Council

2017 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR)

In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management

October, 2017

Page - 36 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 South Kesteven District Council

Local Authority Peter Rogers Officer Department Environmental Protection Council Offices St Peter’s Hill Address Grantham Lincolnshire NG31 6PZ Telephone 01476 406080

E-mail [email protected] Report Reference 2017 Annual Status Report number Date October 2017

Page - 37 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 South Kesteven District Council

Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area Air Quality in South Kesteven

Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people, and those with heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with equalities issues, because areas with poor air quality are also often the less affluent areas1,2.

The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK is estimated to be around £16 billion3.

The District of South Kesteven is rural in nature and comprises the principal towns of Grantham, Stamford and Bourne that are surrounded by a large number of small villages and hamlets. The main source of air pollution within the District is from road traffic emissions as vehicles travel upon the extensive road network. The major roads such as the A1, A52, A15 and A607 all experience a high level of traffic throughout the year. Within the principal towns, a relatively small volume of traffic can cause high levels of air pollutants due to traffic congestion incorporating busy junctions where cars are stationary for a period of time, and also where there is constant acceleration and deceleration occurring.

There is currently one Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) designated within South Kesteven; AQMA No.6 within Grantham that spans the main vehicular route in the town centre. The current AQMA has been declared due to exceedances of the

NO2 annual mean and 1-hour objectives, the boundaries of the AQMA can be seen in Figure D.1 and online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/details?aqma_id=1049.

During 2016 South Kesteven monitored NO2 using fifty seven passive NO2 diffusion tubes at thirty four separate locations, no automatic monitoring was completed. The

NO2 diffusion tube network is in place to monitor NO2 concentrations across the District, monitoring at known hotspot areas and also being used to identify any new hotspot areas.

1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010 2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006 3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013

Page - 38 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 i South Kesteven District Council

Across the entire diffusion tube network, in comparison to 2015 monitoring data the concentrations in 2016 increased at twenty nine sites and decreased at four sites (plus there was one new monitoring site). Although an increase was experienced at the majority of the monitoring sites, only eight of the monitoring sites experienced their highest NO2 annual mean concentration of the last five years in 2016.

Actions to Improve Air Quality

Throughout 2016 actions have been focussed on progressing the measures outlined in the AQAP moving forward towards the goal of reducing pollutant concentrations within the District and the revocation of the No.6 AQMA in Grantham. Progress has been made on a number of measures outlined in Section 2.2 and presented in Table 2.2 but there is still further progress to be made and actions to be taken to reduce local pollutant concentrations.

Consideration is being given to using the East Midlands Air Quality Developers guidance within Lincolnshire that will provide additional information to developers to that found within the South Kesteven Core Strategy. This is aimed at providing developers with as much information as possible so that air quality is taken as a material consideration as early as possible in the planning stages.

A new Local Plan is currently progressing through its consultation period, and air quality is identified as a planning restraint for any new development that is planned within the District. It is stated within the Local Plan that ‘Air Quality will be considered when assessing development proposals, particularly in or near the designated AQMA and where significant doubt arises as to the air quality impact then a cautious approach will be applied’.

This statement is embedded within the planning policy EN3:

EN3: Pollution Control

Development that, on its own or cumulatively, would result in significant air, light, noise or other environmental pollution or harm to amenity, health or safety will only be permitted if the potential adverse effects can be mitigated to an acceptable level by other environmental controls, or by measures included in the proposals.

Page - 39 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 ii South Kesteven District Council

Where applicable mitigation should be provided in accordance with measures from the Council’s Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP). This may be achieved by the imposition of planning conditions or through a planning obligation.

New developments should not exacerbate air quality in the existing Air Quality Management Area (AQMA).

Conclusions and Priorities

Following completion of the 2017 ASR it has been concluded that the current AQMA that is designated within Grantham should remain, this is due to monitored exceedances of the NO2 annual mean at a number of diffusion tube monitoring sites located within the AQMA. There were no annual mean concentrations monitored above 60µg/m3 therefore in accordance with Defra LAQM.TG(16) there are no sites likely to be at risk of exceeding the 1-hour mean objective. The AQMA has been designated for both the annual mean and 1-hour NO2 objectives, although there have been no monitored exceedances of the 1-hour objective recorded the current designation is to remain in place with a view to review on a yearly basis.

A number of the actions and measures that are outlined within the AQAP have been progressed during 2016, and these will continue to be progressed in 2017 with an overall aim of reducing the NO2 concentrations within the AQMA to a point where the AQMA can be revoked. The actions taken are also designed to reduce pollutant concentrations across the entire District, thus reducing any detrimental health effects of poor air quality.

Local Engagement and How to get Involved

At an individual level there are a number of ways the public are able to get involved and help improve air quality at a local level. The air quality section of the South Kesteven website provides information on a number of individual actions that can be taken to reduce pollutant concentrations across the District. These include.:

Reducing Idling Engines

Running your engine unnecessarily while stationary:

 Pollutes your local environment and turning off and restarting an engine causes less pollution than keeping the engine running.

Page - 40 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 iii South Kesteven District Council

 Effects health for all – you could help to reduce heart disease, asthma and lung cancer associated with polluted air simply by turning off.

 Costs you money – it wastes fuel and money whilst increasing wear and tear on you engine and adding to repair bills. You could save £53 a year by not idling.

 Is illegal – for unnecessarily leaving your car idling – you could be fine.

So what can you do:

 You can do your bit by switching off the engine if it looks like you could be waiting for more than a minute. Modern cars use virtually no extra fuel when they’re re-started without pressing the accelerator so you won’t waste lots of fuel switching the engine back on.

 Also avoid idling whilst waiting in car parks, petrol stations, layby’s and set down and pick up points.

 Be smart, stop/start.

Cutting down on these emissions can lead to better air quality and help reduce overall impacts on health. Switching the engine off while your vehicle is stationary reduces emissions and will have a positive environmental effect.

Drive Less and Get Cycling

Why not use your car less in South Kesteven and enjoy the health and wellbeing of cycling?

Cycling is an excellent form of sustainable travel, it tackles air pollution by reducing

CO2 and NO2 emissions from vehicles and protecting the environment. Getting on your bike also has numerous health benefits and can save you money on your travel costs.

More information in regards to air quality within the District can be found out through the South Kesteven website at the following address - http://www.southkesteven.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=8323. A cycling map of Grantham that has been published is also available on this website and is presented in Appendix F.

Page - 41 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 iv South Kesteven District Council Table of Contents

Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area ...... i Air Quality in South Kesteven ...... i Actions to Improve Air Quality ...... ii Conclusions and Priorities ...... iii Local Engagement and How to get Involved ...... iii 1 Local Air Quality Management ...... 1 2 Actions to Improve Air Quality ...... 2 2.1 Air Quality Management Areas ...... 2 2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in South Kesteven ...... 4

2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations...... 10 3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance ...... 11 3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken ...... 11 3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites ...... 11 3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites...... 11 3.2 Individual Pollutants ...... 11

3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)...... 11 Appendix A: Monitoring Results ...... 15 Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2016 ...... 22 Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC ...... 27 Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMA ...... 30 Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England ...... 34 Appendix F: Grantham Cycling Map ...... 35 Glossary of Terms ...... 36 References ...... 37

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List of Tables Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas ...... 3 Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality ...... 6 Table 3.1 – Summary of Annual Mean NO2 Exceedances ...... 12 Table A.1 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites ...... 15 Table A.2 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results ...... 17 Table B.1 – NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2016 ...... 22 Table B.2 – Short Term to Long Term Monitoring Data Adjustment (2016) ...... 26 Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England ...... 34

List of Figures Figure D.1 – South Kesteven AQMA ...... 30 Figure D.2 – NO2 Diffusion Tube Locations: Stamford ...... 31 Figure D.3 – NO2 Diffusion Tube Locations: Grantham ...... 32 Figure D.4 – NO2 Diffusion Tube Locations: Grantham North ...... 33

Page - 43 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 vi South Kesteven District Council

1 Local Air Quality Management This report provides an overview of air quality in South Kesteven during 2016. It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents.

The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual requirement showing the strategies employed by South Kesteven to improve air quality and any progress that has been made.

The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in Table E.1 in Appendix E.

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2 Actions to Improve Air Quality 2.1 Air Quality Management Areas

Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.

A summary of AQMAs declared by South Kesteven can be found in Table 2.1. Further information related to declared or revoked AQMAs, including maps of AQMA boundaries are available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/aqma/local- authorities?la_id=242. Alternatively, see Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMA, which provides for a map of air quality monitoring locations in relation to the AQMAs.

Page - 45 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 2 South Kesteven District Council

Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas

Is air quality in Level of Exceedance (maximum the AQMA Pollutants monitored/modelled concentration at a influenced by Action Plan AQMA Date of and Air City / One Line location of relevant exposure) roads (inc. date of Name Declaration Quality Town Description controlled by publication) Objectives Highways At Declaration Now England?

3 Manthorpe Road, 3 49.6µg/m (2016) SKDC 58.2µg/m (2010) SKDC Air NO Annual Wharf Road, High monitored at the AQMA 08/08/2013 2 Grantham NO monitored at the Jet Quality Action Mean Street and London Opposite Jet No 6 Garage location. Plan 2016 Road. Garage location.

Manthorpe Road, SKDC None predicted as None predicted as SKDC Air NO 1-hour Wharf Road, High AQMA 08/08/2013 2 Grantham NO annual means annual means Quality Action Mean Street and London 3 3 No 6 below 60µg/m . below 60µg/m . Plan 2016 Road.

☒ South Kesteven confirms the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMAs is up to date

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LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 3 South Kesteven District Council

2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in South Kesteven

Defra’s appraisal of last year’s ASR concluded the following:

1. South Kesteven District Council have recently revised their air quality action plan in 2016. Monitoring highlights continuing exceedances of the annual mean objective within the AQMA in central Grantham. The locations are in A52 Wharf Road opposite the bus station, and A607 Manthorpe Road close to the petrol station both representative of relevant exposure to neighbouring properties facing the street.

2. The redesignation of the AQMA’s and development of the recent Action Plan in 2016, highlight the Council’s awareness of the nature of pollution exceedances in Grantham. The Council have recognised that actions to tackle the pollution exceedances are required from a range of partners, with particular emphasis on the development of local traffic management measures to address congestion at key locations. The Council are encouraged to progress the development of these measures at pollution hotspots, and continue to monitor at locations where exceedances are likely. We recognise that traffic and congestion management can be effective to reduce emissions in pollution hotspots.

3. We note that the completion of the Grantham Southern Relief Road in 2019 should further contribute to relieving congestion in the town. However the proposals for the urban extensions detailed in the report require careful consideration in relation to their potential impacts within the AQMA.

4. As the Action Plan continues to be developed, it will be important to consider the relationships between local traffic management and positions of air pollution hotspots.

5. The action plan should prioritise measures that can significantly impact on reducing pollution below objective levels on a clear understanding of current and future transport management within the town. Further guidance on the development of effective measures is available within the latest LAQM Technical Guidance TG(16).

Page - 47 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 4 South Kesteven District Council

6. All results presented for comparison to air quality objectives should all be corrected for distance as detailed in the latest LAQM Technical Guidance TG(16).

The comments presented above have been taken into account for the completion of the 2017 ASR and in a wider air pollutant context where required. In relation to point 6, the distance correction of diffusion tube results has been completed where it has been assessed as relevant; where a diffusion tube is not located at a relevant location of exposure and the annual mean concentration is exceeding or within 10% of the annual mean objective.

South Kesteven has taken forward a number of direct measures during the current reporting year of 2017 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of all measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2.

More detail on these measures can be found in the South Kesteven AQAP 2016. Updates on the AQAP measures are as follows:

 The continual construction of the Grantham Southern Relief Road. Phase one is complete, planning permission has been granted for phases two and three, phase two is estimated to be completed in 2020;

 Implementation of the SCOOT (Split Cycle Offset Optimisation Technique) system at four key junctions;

 Over 3,000 leaflets have been distributed to schools in Grantham to encourage parents to reduce idling engines, in addition taxi licence renewals now include anti-idling information;

 91% of the South Kesteven fleet now meets Euro V or VI standards; and

 Lincolnshire County Council and South Kesteven District Council are working alongside Virgin Trains to develop a travel plan for Grantham train station.

Whilst the measures stated above and in Table 2.2 will help to contribute towards compliance, South Kesteven anticipates that the current AQAP will continue to be developed and adapted in order to achieve compliance and enable the revocation of AQMA No.6.

Page - 48 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 5 South Kesteven District Council

Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 6 South Kesteven District Council

Organisations Reduction in Estimated / Key Measure EU EU involved and Planning Implementation Pollutant / Actual Comments / Barriers Measure Performance Progress to Date No. Category Classification Funding Phase Phase Emission from Completion to implementation Indicator Source Measure Date Improved bus fleet composition Lincolnshire County Lincolnshire but no direct Improvem Promoting Council currently have County Council traffic ents in Low 2016 + 3-5 no plans to upgrade M3 Other Highways & 2016 reduction. Bus 1 - 2µg/m3 Partially implemented on going Bus fleet Emission years the vehicles operating South Kesteven use more emissions Transport within the passenger DC attractive to transport contracts. potential users – increased bus use Lincolnshire County Council has funded a Sustrans officer to work along the Reduced Poacher Line - the Promoting Intensive Lincolnshire Encouragi vehicle use Design and feasibility Community Rail Travel active travel County Council M4 ng modal 2016 2016 + 6+ years and increased 0.2 - 0.5µg/m3 stage and some on going Partnership which runs Alternativ campaign & and South shift use of public already built through Grantham. es infrastructure Kesteven DC transport LCC and SKDC have supported Virgin Trains in developing a travel plan for Grantham Station. Over 3,000 leaflets have been distributed to schools in Grantham Reduction Public to encourage parents South Kesteven 2016 + 1-2 Reduced idling M5 in Idling Informatio Via leaflets 2016 0 - 0.2µg/m3 Partially implemented 2018 to reduce idling DC years in key areas Traffic n engines. Taxi licensing applications and renewals now include anti idling information Increased Considering using the number of East Midland Air cycle lanes Provision Promoting Quality Developers Lincolnshire makes cycling Design and feasibility of Cycling Travel School Travel guide within M6 County Council 2016 2016 + 6+ years a more 0.2 - 0.5µg/m3 stage and some ongoing infrastruct Alternativ Plans Lincolnshire which Highways attractive already built ure es encourages improved alternative cycling infrastructure in method of new developments Page - 50 Page transport

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 7 South Kesteven District Council

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 8 South Kesteven District Council

maps.

Page - 52 Page

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 9 South Kesteven District Council

2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations

As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.

Currently there is no PM10 or PM2.5 monitoring completed within the District, therefore no concentration values can be reported or estimated using the method described in Box 7.7 of LAQM.TG(16).

The current Defra 2016 background maps for South Kesteven District Council (2013 4 based ) show that all background concentrations of PM2.5 are well below the 2020 annual mean objective for PM2.5. The highest concentration is predicted to be 13.1µg/m3 within the 1 x 1km grid square with the centroid grid reference of 492500, 331500. This is an area that contains the A1 to the south of Grantham.

The Public Health Outcomes Framework data tool5 compiled by Public Heath

England quantifies the mortality burden of PM2.5 within England on a county and local authority scale. The 2015 fraction of mortality attributable to PM2.5 pollution across England is 4.7%, and in contrast the fraction within south Kesteven is slightly higher than the National average at 5.1%.

The air quality actions South Kesteven have implemented, and continue to work to implement have invariably also included benefits for the reduction of PM2.5 pollution.

Although not specifically designed for the reduction of PM2.5, improvements in NO2 concentrations will lead to a net reduction of PM2.5 concentrations from combustion based sources where both pollutants arise. This is apparent for the measures that are aimed at reducing car usage and promoting other forms of transport.

In addition LAQM.TG(16) Table A.1 Action toolbox presents a list of measures that can be implemented to help reduce concentrations of PM2.5.

4 Defra Background Mapping data for local authorities (2013-based), available online at https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/data/laqm- background-maps?year=2013 5 Public Health Outcomes Framework, Public Health England. data tool available online at http://www.phoutcomes.info/public- health-outcomes-framework#page/0/gid/1000043/pat/6/par/E12000009/ati/102/are/E06000028

Page - 53 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 10 South Kesteven District Council

3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance 3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken

This section sets out what monitoring has taken place and how it compares with objectives.

3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites

South Kesteven did not carry out any automatic monitoring during 2016.

3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites

South Kesteven undertook non-automatic (passive) monitoring of NO2 using fifty seven diffusion tubes at thirty four sites during 2016. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites.

Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes, including bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (e.g. “annualisation” and/or distance correction), are included in Appendix C.

3.2 Individual Pollutants

The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant, adjusted for bias, “annualisation” and distance correction. Further details on adjustments are provided in Appendix C.

3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)

Table A.2 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.

For diffusion tubes, the full 2016 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in Appendix B.

A total of seven sites exceeded the NO2 annual mean objective in 2016, this is an increase of four sites when compared to 2015. All of the sites where exceedances were experienced are within the current AQMA that is located within Grantham, there were no exceedances reported outside of the existing AQMA.

Page - 54 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 11 South Kesteven District Council

Table 3.1 – Summary of Annual Mean NO2 Exceedances 2016 Bias Adjusted Annual Site ID Location Mean Concentration (µg/m3) SK27/28/29 Jet Garage – within AQMA 45.8 SK33/34 Opp Jet Garage – within AQMA 49.6 SK35/36 Black Dog – within AQMA 40.1 (30.9) SK45/46 South Parade – within AQMA 40.4 SK47/48 The White Lion – within AQMA 42.9 (32.5) SK52/53 Blue Bull – within AQMA 40.5 (33.6) SK54/55 Bus Station – Within AQMA 48.9 (43.8) Note: Values in brackets represent concentration once distance corrected to closest relevant exposure

Distance correction has been completed for SK35/6, SK47/48, SK52/53 and SK54/55 that have exceeded the annual mean objective to estimate the NO2 concentration at the closest relevant receptor location. This has been completed due to the location of the diffusion tube not being at a location of relevant exposure. The concentrations that have been calculated following this procedure can be seen in brackets within Table 3.1 above.

3 There have been no sites where the NO2 annual mean is greater than 60µg/m , therefore in accordance with Defra LAQM.TG(16) there are no sites likely to be at risk of exceeding the 1-hour mean objective. The current AQMA has been designated for exceedances of both the annual mean and 1-hour NO2 objectives. Within the past five years there has not been an annual mean concentration above 60µg/m3, therefore it is likely that the 1-hour mean objective has not been exceeded in the last five years.

Diffusion Tubes within Stamford

The annual mean concentration results for the diffusion tubes within Stamford are presented in Figure A.1.

There were eight monitoring sites within Stamford during 2016, the annual mean concentrations at all of the sites was below the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3. In comparison to the concentration in 2015, seven of the sites experienced an increase in concentration in 2016, and one site (SK9) experienced a decrease. The highest annual mean concentration at any monitoring location within Stamford was 38.8µg/m3 (SK7), and the highest concentration at a relevant receptor location was 27.8µg/m3 (SK8).

Page - 55 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 12 South Kesteven District Council

The concentrations at all of the monitoring stations within Stamford have remained below the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 for 2016, therefore there is no requirement to proceed to a AQMA designation.

Diffusion Tubes within Grantham

The annual mean concentration results for the diffusion tubes within Grantham are presented in Figure A.2 and Figure A.3.

There were twenty six monitoring sites within Grantham during 2016, sixteen of which are located within the designated AQMA. There were no exceedances of the annual mean objective for the tubes outside of the AQMA within 2016, the highest concentration recorded outside of the AQMA was 31.6µg/m3 recorded at SK16/17 that is located approximately 20m from the A1 motorway.

In comparison to 2015, the annual mean concentrations at eight monitoring sites increased in 2016, one site experienced a decrease between 2015 and 2016, and one new site was installed during 2016 (SK11/12/13). Although the majority of monitoring sites presented an increase in their concentrations, only one site (SK23 located in Great Gonerby) presented its highest annual mean concentration since

2012. Although the 2016 annual mean NO2 concentration was the highest recorded at SK23 for the past five years, the 2016 concentration of 21.2µg/m3 was still well below the annual mean objective. Once 2017 monitoring has been completed the annual mean concentrations will again be assessed and any further trends at this location identified.

For the sixteen monitoring locations that are located within the current AQMA, seven were in exceedance of the annual mean objective before distance correction was applied. Following the application of the distance correction methodology four monitoring sites remained in exceedance. All concentrations before and after distance correction (where applicable) for the seven monitoring sites can be seen in Table 3.1.

Throughout the designated AQMA the annual mean of NO2 has remained close to, or in exceedance of the annual mean objective except for the north west section of the AQMA that includes the A607/A52 roundabout where the recorded concentrations are closer to 30µg/m3. Two of the monitoring sites (SK47/48 and SK54/55) recorded their highest annual mean concentrations since 2012 in 2016, and including these

Page - 56 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 13 South Kesteven District Council two sites, a total of fourteen out of the sixteen monitoring locations had an increased concentration in 2016 compared to 2015.

Due to the continued exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective recorded within the designated AQMA in Grantham, the AQMA is to remain in force. If annual mean concentrations at the monitoring sites continue to remain below 60µg/m3 the AQMA designation in relation to the 1-hour NO2 mean objective will be reviewed.

Page - 57 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 14 South Kesteven District Council

Appendix A: Monitoring Results

Table A.1 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites

Distance Distance Tube X OS Y OS to to kerb of collocated Pollutants In Height Site ID Site Name Site Type Grid Grid Relevant nearest with a Monitored AQMA? (m) Ref Ref Exposure road (m) Continuous (m) (1) (2) Analyser?

SK1/2 Scotgate Roadside 502659 307218 NO2 NO N/A 1.6 NO 2.5

SK3 Essex Road Roadside 502717 307750 NO2 NO 14.3 23.4 NO 2.5

SK4 Opp Stam' Sch Roadside 503291 307420 NO2 NO N/A 5.7 NO 2.5

SK5/6 East St Roadside 503391 307396 NO2 NO N/A 3.2 NO 2.5

SK7 Stam' School Roadside 503281 307398 NO2 NO N/A 2.5 NO 2.5

SK8 London Inn Roadside 502910 307120 NO2 NO 0 2.3 NO 2.5

SK9 All Saints Rd Roadside 502873 307141 NO2 NO 19 2.5 NO 2.5

SK10 Avondale Roadside 502382 306890 NO2 NO 4.7 1.3 NO 2.5

SK11/12/13 Welwyn Close Roadside 490118 334165 NO2 NO 5 2 NO 2.5

SK14/15 Springfield Rd Roadside 490877 334642 NO2 NO 24.5 2.1 NO 2.5

SK16/17 Meres Rd Roadside 489263 335353 NO2 NO 26 12.1 NO 2.5 Urban SK18 Balmoral Drive 489956 336574 NO NO 32.1 0.8 NO 2.5 Background 2

SK19/20 Opp Asda Roadside 491067 336209 NO2 YES 2.6 5.4 NO 2.5

SK21 Prem Court Roadside 491270 336256 NO2 YES 0 7.6 NO 2.5

SK22 Prem Court Roadside 491260 336188 NO2 YES 0.5 6 NO 2.5

SK23 Pond St opp shop Roadside 489720 338204 NO2 NO 16 9.5 NO 2.5 Page - 58 Page

SK24 Gt Gonerby Roadside 489870 338683 NO2 NO 10.8 5 NO 2.5

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 15 South Kesteven District Council

SK25 Manthorpe Roadside 492069 337874 NO2 NO 49.6 7.6 NO 2.5

SK26 Belton Lane Roadside 491280 336573 NO2 NO 9.9 7 NO 2.5

SK27/28/29 Jet Garage Roadside 491496 336354 NO2 YES 0 2.3 NO 2.5

SK30/31/32 King's Sch Roadside 491472 336315 NO2 YES 2.2 2.7 NO 2.5

SK33/34 Opp Jet Garage Roadside 491515 336389 NO2 YES 0 1.7 NO 2.5

SK35/36 Black Dog Roadside 491330 336022 NO2 YES 5 1 NO 2.5

SK37/38/39 High St Roadside 491460 335715 NO2 YES 1.2 0.8 NO 2.5

SK40 Old Job Centre Roadside 491512 335719 NO2 NO 51.2 1.7 NO 2.5

SK41/42 London Rd Roadside 491602 335485 NO2 YES 2.4 3.9 NO 2.5 Taste of SK43/44 Roadside 491734 335196 NO YES 2 0.5 NO 2.5 China/Welcome TA 2

SK45/46 Sth Parade Roadside 491869 334960 NO2 YES N/A 3.5 NO 2.5

SK47/48 The White Lion Roadside 492067 334922 NO2 YES 5 1 NO 2.5

SK49 Launder Terrace Roadside 491427 335193 NO2 NO 4 1.4 NO 2.5

SK50/51 Gt Northern Court Roadside 491184 335575 NO2 YES 0 3.6 NO 2.5

SK52/53 Blue Bull Roadside 491200 335636 NO2 YES 2 0.5 NO 2.5

SK54/55 Bus Stn Roadside 491492 335505 NO2 YES 1.5 1.4 NO 2.5

SK56/57 Wharf Rd Roadside 491402 335501 NO2 YES 0.8 0.9 NO 2.5 Notes: (1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on/adjacent to the façade of a residential property).

Page - 59 Page (2) N/A if not applicable.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 16 South Kesteven District Council

Table A.2 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results

Valid Data 3 (3) Valid Data NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m ) Capture for Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Capture 2016 Monitoring (2) (1) (%) Period (%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

SK1/2 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100, 100 100, 100 37.8 32.4 31.4 35.7 36.7 SK3 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100 100 17.4 13.2 15.0 15.1 16.3 SK4 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 40.3 35.2 38.3 35.9 36.6 SK5/6 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 91.7 91.7, 91.7 35.4 33.8 34.9 34.1 37.8 SK7 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 39.8 36.2 38.5 34.1 38.8 SK8 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 31.4 29.5 26.5 25.9 27.8 SK9 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 33.1 27.0 28.5 27.7 26.4 SK10 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 24.2 19.0 19.1 15.3 19.9 SK11/12/13 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100, 91.7, 100 100, 91.7, 100 - - - - 23.7 SK14/15 Roadside Diffusion Tube 66.7, 83.3 66.7, 83.3 34.5 27.3 25.0 24.1 26.9 SK16/17 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100, 91.7 100, 91.7 27.4 25.8 25.8 34.6 31.6 SK18 Urban Background Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 19.9 16.6 16.4 16.2 18.2 SK19/20 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100, 100 100, 100 35.4 27.7 30.6 29.9 31.3 SK21 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 31.2 26.6 27.0 26.2 27.7 SK22 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100 100 29.2 27.9 24.9 27.0 29.6 SK23 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 - 17.6 17.4 18.2 20.7 SK24 Roadside Diffusion Tube 83.3 83.3 26.5 20.7 21.5 18.8 19.6 SK25 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 24.6 20.2 20.7 19.4 21.2 SK26 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 29.6 23.9 24.3 24.1 24.6 SK27/28/29 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 100, 91.7 91.7, 100, 91.7 51.6 46.0 46.5 43.4 45.8 Page - 60 Page SK30/31/32 Roadside Diffusion Tube 66.7, 75, 75 66.7, 75, 75 38.3 33.3 34.5 33.7 32.6

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 17 South Kesteven District Council

Valid Data 3 (3) Valid Data NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m ) Capture for Site ID Site Type Monitoring Type Capture 2016 Monitoring (2) (1) (%) Period (%) 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

SK33/34 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 91.7 91.7, 91.7 57.5 44.2 45.1 50.3 49.6 SK35/36 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 83.3 91.7, 83.3 - 33.3 36.6 36.4 40.1 SK37/38/39 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 75, 75 91.7, 75, 75 41.0 36.7 37.3 35.8 39.9 SK40 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7 91.7 32.5 31.7 26.6 25.4 28.1 SK41/42 Roadside Diffusion Tube 83.3, 75 83.3, 75 42.3 36.2 38.2 36.3 37.5 SK43/44 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100, 100 100, 100 - 30.2 31.3 30.7 32.5 SK45/46 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 91.7 91.7, 91.7 47.6 34.7 39.6 37.4 40.4 SK47/48 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 91.7 91.7, 91.7 29.6 23.9 35.3 35.6 42.9 SK49 Roadside Diffusion Tube 100 100 23.9 23.3 20.7 20.9 23.1 SK50/51 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 83.3 91.7, 83.3 36.9 28.1 32.1 33.5 34.2 SK52/53 Roadside Diffusion Tube 66.7, 75 66.7, 75 - 32.9 34.6 36.2 40.5 SK54/55 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 91.7 91.7, 91.7 46.3 41.4 45.5 45.4 48.9 SK56/57 Roadside Diffusion Tube 91.7, 83.3 91.7, 83.3 51.2 44.7 37.9 37.7 39.0 ☒ Diffusion tube data has been bias corrected ☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75% ☒ No data has been distance corrected for relevant exposure, distance corrected results are presented where relevant in Table B.1 Notes: 3 Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m are shown in bold. 3 NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m , indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined. (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for

Page - 61 Page the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details.

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 18 South Kesteven District Council

Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations – Stamford Diffusion Tubes

35 )

3 30 (µg/m

2 25 2012 2013

20 2014 2015 2016

15 Annual Mean NOMean Annual

0 SK1/2 SK3 SK4 SK5/6 SK7 SK8 SK9 SK10 Monitoring Locations

Page - 62 Page

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 19 South Kesteven District Council

Figure A.2 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations – Grantham Diffusion Tubes Outside AQMA

) 3

(µg/m 25 2

2012 20 2013 2014 2015 15 Annual MeanNO Annual 2016

0 SK11/12/13 SK14/15 SK16/17 SK18 SK23 SK24 SK25 SK26 SK40 SK49 Monitoring Locations

Page - 63 Page

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 20 South Kesteven District Council

Figure A.3 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations – Grantham Diffusion Tubes Within AQMA

)

3 (µg/m

2 40

2012 2013 30 2014 2015

Annual MeanNO Annual 2016 20

Monitoring Locations

Page - 64 Page

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 21 South Kesteven District Council

Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2016

Table B.1 – NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2016

3 NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m ) Annual Mean Distance Bias Site ID Corrected Adjusted Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw to (1.01) and Data Nearest Annualised (1) Exposure 2 ( ) SK1 71.8 43.8 27.6 40.3 27.9 32.0 23.0 28.7 30.0 32.9 40.8 41.0 36.6 37.0 - SK2 61.1 43.5 27.3 46.5 28.2 31.2 25.4 26.7 29.0 32.7 39.7 39.9 35.9 36.3 - SK3 47.0 18.4 9.7 10.7 9.4 8.2 9.4 8.8 12.2 12.1 20.7 27.3 16.1 16.3 - SK4 65.6 - 24.9 35.1 27.2 27.3 28.8 27.6 36.9 32.4 47.9 45.1 36.2 36.6 - SK5 56.7 - 28.4 38.9 34.6 35.6 26.7 29.2 32.1 39.0 42.1 42.2 36.9 37.2 - SK6 66.3 - 29.9 34.7 37.7 38.0 27.2 29.2 32.3 37.5 40.7 44.3 38.0 38.3 - SK7 78.2 - 25.0 34.6 32.3 33.2 27.9 29.9 33.6 33.8 43.9 50.2 38.4 38.8 - SK8 - 37.2 22.2 28.9 29.2 26.6 18.7 22.2 24.8 30.1 32.3 30.7 27.5 27.8 - SK9 31.1 - 20.6 25.0 23.1 20.5 23.9 23.3 26.1 23.3 33.7 37.1 26.1 26.4 - SK10 16.4 22.5 12.6 17.4 13.8 - 17.7 17.0 19.8 20.0 28.5 31.1 19.7 19.9 - SK11 25.5 32.6 18.9 18.7 19.4 17.4 21.2 19.2 23.0 19.7 31.6 34.4 23.5 23.7 - SK12 27.3 30.2 14.4 18.3 21.1 17.4 21.9 23.0 - 19.4 35.3 34.2 23.9 24.1 - SK13 31.1 34.6 18.6 19.7 19.1 17.6 21.0 18.9 21.4 18.9 29.5 25.7 23.0 23.2 - SK14 - - 14.4 24.1 24.5 24.4 - - 23.0 25.2 35.0 39.2 26.2 25.2 - SK15 23.7 35.3 16.8 22.6 25.4 27.0 - - 24.9 26.9 38.7 42.5 28.4 28.7 - Page - 65 Page SK16 27.6 40.8 19.3 23.8 29.7 25.4 38.5 32.2 34.3 25.3 41.0 37.8 31.3 31.6 -

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 22 South Kesteven District Council

3 NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m ) Annual Mean Distance Bias Site ID Corrected Adjusted Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw to (1.01) and Data Nearest Annualised (1) Exposure 2 ( ) SK17 35.3 - 17.7 22.4 29.1 24.2 37.2 32.6 36.4 24.1 37.1 37.9 30.3 30.6 - SK18 40.7 21.5 10.9 11.3 10.9 - 9.3 10.1 16.5 16.0 24.1 26.6 18.0 18.2 - SK19 34.2 37.4 20.8 26.7 27.6 24.1 29.0 33.0 30.4 26.8 38.4 41.3 30.8 31.1 - SK20 38.9 40.0 20.3 27.4 26.3 25.7 30.0 27.2 28.3 26.0 38.9 44.3 31.1 31.4 - SK21 32.6 40.0 17.4 - 20.8 19.6 22.6 21.4 25.8 23.1 36.1 42.2 27.4 27.7 - SK22 32.8 41.3 19.0 28.0 22.8 22.3 26.1 24.1 27.2 27.4 38.5 42.7 29.3 29.6 - SK23 29.9 31.8 12.6 17.4 16.9 18.2 - 3.7 15.5 21.3 29.4 29.1 20.5 20.7 - SK24 19.5 24.0 13.7 15.9 14.6 14.0 - 16.0 21.1 - 22.4 32.7 19.4 19.6 - SK25 22.0 29.6 17.1 14.3 17.7 17.6 16.8 17.2 - 18.5 29.3 31.1 21.0 21.2 - SK26 34.5 - 16.0 21.7 22.0 20.3 21.4 19.4 22.2 22.8 33.3 34.1 24.3 24.6 - SK27 46.2 - 32.4 46.9 44.4 46.1 40.5 37.1 44.3 49.5 53.1 56.8 45.2 45.7 - SK28 45.0 63.1 29.8 46.4 41.8 49.2 38.9 42.4 45.0 53.2 55.9 44.4 46.2 46.7 - SK29 44.7 - 32.1 46.6 41.4 48.7 35.4 41.6 40.7 46.4 54.4 57.4 44.5 44.9 - SK30 - - - 27.1 32.5 - 27.5 29.0 30.9 32.1 42.3 40.6 32.7 34.0 - SK31 - - - 24.4 28.2 33.3 30.2 28.9 31.3 31.2 43.6 37.6 32.1 32.4 - SK32 - - - 23.2 30.3 32.6 28.3 27.4 30.3 30.5 39.4 37.7 31.1 31.4 - SK33 52.0 - 33.4 50.5 42.8 50.9 54.7 47.1 48.8 45.7 60.4 58.2 49.5 50.0 - SK34 55.2 - 33.1 47.3 41.5 52.9 53.1 45.9 49.4 43.7 57.9 55.1 48.6 49.1 -

Page - 66 Page SK35 43.9 49.3 - 27.1 34.6 38.2 32.5 36.5 35.8 40.4 46.1 49.1 39.4 39.8 30.7 SK36 56.2 - - 25.1 37.4 40.5 30.8 36.0 37.8 43.8 45.7 46.1 39.9 40.3 31.0

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 23 South Kesteven District Council

3 NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m ) Annual Mean Distance Bias Site ID Corrected Adjusted Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw to (1.01) and Data Nearest Annualised (1) Exposure 2 ( ) SK37 49.7 48.5 27.8 38.2 36.5 40.7 28.4 33.8 35.4 - 43.1 41.2 38.5 38.9 34.9 SK38 48.9 - 28.4 41.9 38.2 41.7 28.8 30.7 36.6 - 42.4 - 37.5 37.9 34.1 SK39 75.9 - 36.4 42.4 41.1 49.0 29.0 32.7 35.8 - - 41.1 42.6 43.0 38.3 SK40 28.8 49.8 17.1 - 21.0 24.9 20.8 20.9 24.6 25.9 36.3 35.4 27.8 28.1 - SK41 32.5 49.0 25.8 42.5 33.5 - 27.1 - 33.7 43.4 46.4 38.4 37.2 37.6 34.7 SK42 32.1 50.2 27.0 40.3 - - 25.2 - 31.9 43.0 43.5 39.3 36.9 37.3 34.5 SK43 33.2 40.9 20.8 27.6 27.2 29.3 22.5 25.1 30.7 34.8 35.7 35.0 30.2 30.5 - SK44 33.4 43.0 23.0 32.7 26.9 32.8 26.6 27.2 30.4 36.4 40.5 56.8 34.1 34.5 - SK45 54.9 - 25.8 44.2 37.2 41.3 34.7 31.9 37.3 37.8 49.5 50.3 40.4 40.8 - SK46 59.4 - 23.7 41.8 33.6 39.0 33.6 35.3 37.9 37.7 48.0 45.6 39.6 40.0 - SK47 108.0 - 29.7 33.7 31.6 28.3 33.8 29.9 32.3 31.8 40.8 49.2 40.8 41.2 31.4 SK48 94.7 - 32.2 37.4 33.6 29.1 33.6 35.6 34.1 30.8 32.3 91.1 44.1 44.5 33.5 SK49 42.4 42.1 15.0 17.6 15.7 14.9 15.5 16.2 18.7 18.8 28.9 28.6 22.9 23.1 - SK50 36.6 46.8 25.2 31.9 32.8 32.1 31.0 30.9 33.9 29.9 40.8 - 33.8 34.2 - SK51 35.3 50.2 23.6 33.2 30.2 - 32.2 28.9 30.6 32.9 42.6 - 34.0 34.3 - SK52 66.5 50.0 - 35.3 33.4 - 29.9 33.3 - 39.1 46.8 - 41.8 44.1 36.1 SK53 40.4 - - 35.7 37.2 39.5 26.7 31.8 33.7 35.0 48.9 - 36.6 36.9 31.0 SK54 65.7 - 31.7 48.2 42.3 48.1 43.1 44.5 44.5 48.4 53.6 58.9 48.1 48.6 43.5

Page - 67 Page SK55 78.7 - 30.5 43.3 42.9 50.2 39.0 42.5 44.4 47.1 54.6 62.6 48.7 49.2 44.0 SK56 41.0 - 23.6 34.6 34.4 34.4 33.0 32.0 37.9 36.2 46.5 59.6 37.5 37.9 35.2

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 24 South Kesteven District Council

3 NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m ) Annual Mean Distance Bias Site ID Corrected Adjusted Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw to (1.01) and Data Nearest Annualised (1) Exposure 2 ( ) SK57 62.4 - 26.0 32.1 33.3 34.1 33.7 37.2 37.1 - 45.7 54.2 39.6 40.0 37.0 ☐ Local bias adjustment factor used ☒ National bias adjustment factor used ☒ Annualisation has been conducted where data capture is <75%

Notes: 3 Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m are shown in bold. 3 NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m , indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined. (1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation. (2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure. Distance correction has been completed where relevant; where a diffusion tube is not located at the exposure location and the annual mean concentration is within 10% of the annual mean objective. A number of monthly results have been removed from the diffusion tube data set for the following reasons: Spiders/insects found within the diffusion tube, dirt found within the diffusion tube, water droplets found within the diffusion tube, results marked as contaminated by the laboratory.

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LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 25 South Kesteven District Council

Table B.2 – Short Term to Long Term Monitoring Data Adjustment (2016)

Unadjusted Annualisation Annualisation Average Annualised & Bias Annualisation Factor Site ID Diffusion Tube Factor Leicester Factor Market Annualisation Adjusted (1.01) 3 Nottingham Centre 3 Mean (µg/m ) Uni Harborough Factor Concentration (µg/m ) SK14 26.23 0.954 0.948 0.947 0.95 25.2 SK30 32.74 1.043 1.028 1.012 1.03 34.0 SK52 41.77 1.03 1.039 1.066 1.05 44.1 3 Notes: Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m are shown in bold.

Page - 69 Page

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 26 South Kesteven District Council

Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC

Sources of Pollution South Kesteven have identified the following potential new sources within the District as described in Chapter 7, Section 1 of Defra LAQM.TG(16).

There have been three applications for biomass boilers at existing commercial premises within 2016; Brooks Bros Ltd located on Gunby Road, Sewstern, NG33 5RD; Andapak Supply Company Ltd located on Bridge End Road, Grantham, NG31 7TS; and Autocraft Drivetrain Solutions Ltd located on Syston Lane, Belton, Grantham, NG32 2LY.

All three installations are to utilise waste wood in order to fire the boiler. This process potentially gives rise to increased PM10 emissions and dependant on a number of inputs and processes, has the potential to cause nuisance to any surrounding receptors. Full details for all of the installations have not yet been provided, and upon receipt of the boiler specifications including emission rates (g/s) for both NOx and

PM10, the relevant LAQM screening tool will be used to assess the proposed installation before a decision is made on the application and the relevant permit issued.

Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factors

The diffusion tube data has been corrected using a bias adjustment factor, which is an estimate of the difference between diffusion tube concentration and continuous monitoring, the latter assumed to be a more accurate method of monitoring. The Defra LAQM.TG(16) provides guidance with regard to the application of a bias adjustment factor to correct diffusion tube monitoring. Triplicate co-location studies can be used to determine a local bias factor based on the comparison of diffusion tube results with data taken from NOx/NO2 continuous analysers. Alternatively, the national database of diffusion tube co-location surveys provides bias factors for the relevant laboratory and preparation method.

Page - 70 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 27 South Kesteven District Council

With regard to the application of a bias adjustment factor for diffusion tubes, Defra LAQM.TG(16) and the LAQM Helpdesk6 recommend the use of a local bias adjustment factor where available and relevant to diffusion tube sites.

South Kesteven District Council does not operate any continuous monitors within the District and therefore a co-location study is not available to derive a local bias factor, thus the national bias adjustment factor spreadsheet7 has been used.

Diffusion tube data for South Kesteven District Council is supplied and analysed by Gradko International Ltd. The tubes were prepared using the 50% TEA in acetone preparation method. The national bias adjustment factor for Gradko 50% TEA in acetone is 1.01 for the year 2016 (based on 18 studies, version 06/17) as derived from the national bias adjustment factor spreadsheet.

For previous years data (2012 to 2015) presented in Table A.2 the bias adjustment factors have been taken from previous LAQM reports completed by South Kesteven District Council.

QA/QC of Diffusion Tube Monitoring The diffusion tubes for the year 2016 were supplied and analysed by Gradko International Ltd, the tubes were prepared using the 50% TEA in acetone preparation method. All results have been bias adjusted and annualised where required before being presented in Table A.2.

Gradko is a UKAS accredited laboratory and participates in the new AIR-PT Scheme

(a continuation of the Workplace Analysis Scheme for Proficiency (WASP)) for NO2 tube analysis and the Annual Field Inter-Comparison Exercise. These provide strict performance criteria for participating laboratories to meet, thereby ensuring NO2 concentrations reported are of a high caliber. The lab follows the procedures set out in the Harmonisation Practical Guidance In the latest available AIR-PT results, AIR- PT AR 0012 (January to February 2016), AIR-PT AR013 (April to May 2016), AIR-PT AR015 (July to August 2016), AIR-PT AR016 (September to October 2016) and AIR- PT AR01 (October to November 2016). Gradko has scored 100% on all results. The percentage score reflects the results deemed to be satisfactory based upon the z-

6 Laqm.defra.gov.uk 7 National Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factor Spreadsheet version 06/17 available at https://laqm.defra.gov.uk/bias- adjustment-factors/national-bias.html

Page - 71 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 28 South Kesteven District Council score of < ± 2. Seventeen out of the eighteen local Authority co-location studies in 2016 were rated as ‘good’ (tubes are considered to have "good" precision where the coefficient of variation of duplicate or triplicate diffusion tubes for eight or more periods during the year is less than 20%).

Short-term to Long-term Data Adjustment For the 2016 diffusion tubes, annualisation was required at three sites due to data capture being below 75%. Annualisation has been completed in line with Defra LAQM.TG(16) Box 7.10 and full working details are provided in Table B.2.

In completing the annualisation procedure, data has been taken from three automatic monitoring stations that are within 50 miles of the sites and had a data capture of above 85%. The monitoring sites used were Nottingham Centre, Leicester University and Market Harborough. These sites form part of the national AURN network and are background monitoring sites. As such, they are not influenced by local sources of air pollution, such as road traffic emissions at roadside monitoring sites.

Page - 72 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 29 South Kesteven District Council

Appendix D: Maps of Monitoring Locations and AQMA

Figure D.1 – South Kesteven AQMA

Contains Ordnance Survey Data Crown Copyright and Database Right [2017]

Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescott Street London, E1 8HG

Location

South Kesteven District Council

Title

South Kesteven AQMA No.6

By Approved PB JC

Scale Job Ref Not To Scale 6453607

Date Figure No.

Page - 73 Page September 2017 D.1

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 30 South Kesteven District Council

Figure D.2 – NO2 Diffusion Tube Locations: Stamford

Contains Ordnance Survey Data Crown Copyright and Database Right [2017]

Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescott Street London, E1 8HG

Location

South Kesteven District Council

Title

Diffusion Tube Locations - Stamford

By Approved PB JC

Scale Job Ref Not To Scale 6453607

Date Figure No.

September 2017 D.2

Page - 74 Page

LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 31 South Kesteven District Council

Figure D.3 – NO2 Diffusion Tube Locations: Grantham

Contains Ordnance Survey Data Crown Copyright and Database Right [2017]

Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescott Street London, E1 8HG

Location

South Kesteven District Council

Title

Diffusion Tube Locations – Grantham

By Approved PB JC

Scale Job Ref Not To Scale 6453607

Date Figure No.

September 2017 D.3

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LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 32 South Kesteven District Council

Figure D.4 – NO2 Diffusion Tube Locations: Grantham North

Contains Ordnance Survey Data Crown Copyright and Database Right [2017]

Air Quality Bureau Veritas 5th Floor 66 Prescott Street London, E1 8HG

Location

South Kesteven District Council

Title

Diffusion Tube Locations – Grantham North

By Approved PB JC

Scale Job Ref Not To Scale 6453607

Date Figure No.

September 2017 D.4

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LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 33 South Kesteven District Council

Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England

Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England Air Quality Objective8 Pollutant Concentration Measured as 200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more Nitrogen Dioxide 1-hour mean than 18 times a year (NO ) 2 40 µg/m3 Annual mean 50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more Particulate Matter 24-hour mean than 35 times a year (PM ) 10 40 µg/m3 Annual mean 350 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more 1-hour mean than 24 times a year Sulphur Dioxide 125 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more 24-hour mean (SO2) than 3 times a year 266 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more 15-minute mean than 35 times a year

8 3 The units are in microgrammes of pollutant per cubic metre of air (µg/m ).

Page - 77 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 34 South Kesteven District Council Appendix F: Grantham Cycling Map

Page - 78 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 35 GRANTHAM L L

O © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 E L N A U N K G T R N G 5 Pedal Pushers H E E D A V Ordnance Survey 100025370. N A A CYCLE SHOPS GRANTHAM LE T Manthorpe

H N

A E L C

M D A O R Unit 4, Inner St Bus. Pk.

N S NG E R Y H S

L L C O D

O E E LI E LANE

Y FF A V E A D V E R P D R O D A R A R R

O O I 1 Cherryholt Cycles Inner Street, Grantham R O A R D W O N N O D D O A R H LD O LE H W D D T N E G A I V R L E A N E E L H O Holt House O NG31 6HN P N V A U C P R D HE A D R N E RY D E N WO W O S O D A 7 O O L E D 0 Business Centre Y S O R L t: 01476 569508 A O R 6 E L W L O A M Y C F N N A L U D F G I A D C R I W A C L FI E R O P LI ALE IF E Unit 2, Cherry Holt Road P A D D FE L E I C E V IN R N I

V A V R D EN R E E S O T M O A D W N CH F L E W O AD W ORTH D A R F U O G N I E OD R LO R N BE ND 6 Riverside E R L ON N T

O L N F HOR E RY E G D E E PE LAN D I E Bourne PE10 9LH P V H Gonerby C R B F V A RO K F T T I O I E N E DD E D R V MWO L S S

O I A C D A U D

S A S S L N 5 Northgate, Sleaford

R O D E O E T T t: 01778 393311 Hill Foot N R R R N D C OLD N D R

D E I M O W R E E IN M TS I V E H D E A S F D GDALE O F S K D F H E P D I A E O IF A S E O L A L O D L L t: 01529 414511 T L E O C R K R L W C D R S NORTH D R E E L E F S E I N T O E E R F AN B L I D ALE N Z L A RE GD 2 Cliff Edge Cycles A C L

A W E IN D

E E A D H S E W N H WARREN W

W G N V N P RI U O V C V V S V

I O A O I S E

R E S T A A H R A R

E B S A T D

ND L T C

1 T

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1 CL E V mobile cycle repair and E

7 E D T E

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S Recr’n V R R I I V

4 F A B SHDR E

R R B W R R

D L F O U

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O ROW C E R E

I I R AN R I CONTACTS W Ground W E OA E A L D E D O V P maintenance. W A P E Queen Elizabeth O O

O D D L R I

D E D

N R RO O R T S

A D S A D S K W H G H I G I A Y M W O O T Park E A A NER V R N A H LB SCENT Caythorpe, Grantham L E A S OU RE E W R C Lincolnshire County Council F A NE S B M S R A D G Y IF OAD R N N R The Priory L R A I O C E E

T A O t: 07771 602 609 or

Y L D H B BUR Y R Y R

S U A A A t: 01522 782070 Ruskin C

N TE

U Q K L M O

Q A N R S U W R

EE C A E Academy N C P H SW S A 01400 273713 E RI O D A P B V NC B Y N www.Lincolnshire.gov.uk E ES A R L O S R E A T R A DR T E O L IV RO N Alma N G MO E A U M Playing B N D O L www.cliffedgecycles.co.uk S E D T Q N L G A

E T R IL S D O O E N E VE C

R A M ED Field V U Park O

A E EN A G

N Grantham Tourist N D

U D

V E B H I N

E E A Playing Field A

O LT D AD V

R O O B O

R O D N H A

A R A IT R V NGFOR VE U E 3 Chris O’Connor Cycles Information Centre Hospital LA E N M Recreation N

E UE S RGH T UE E M D E S

7 N I L S A L S E L O Ground R F

SEM I O

O V

60 G O F OU Open Fri-Sun T R N R

A E Harrowby A Council Offices T CL T CL O DRYDEN CLOSE ELLIOT H O T C EL B AV Estate ANE H 44 Watergate, Grantham, St Peter’s Hill BYK L T E HA RROW E IX RR HA A OW B S B T B Y Y S LA F Lincolnshire, NG31 6PR 1 N R I Grantham 1 E S F O E T 7 H U 4 EN H N AV E E AR A A L E V M SP V t: 01476 851812 and P L E E t: 01476 406166 K E N A E A U W H N MORAL N Y S E AL DR E D D B IV L Y E A U U E E A V N N E A K A O P A R L R L E R O V E B D A V D PE E O E R E mob: 07904008528 N E

R R E P E

Y S R OS A A I D D V

B G ODGE W Y R R S N N E T U D L E A A A N S S L

O H D

H S U U EN H R O

A R V N

N T

S R I E A I

I O E A V R N P P E N I Lincolnshire Tourism

ID G N O N

N A R E S W G Y H N D I N

E P Green Hill N T

E E E

LIN E A N S N R D R R R H T W ISFA W I Y N ILL A D E AV Y O 4 Cycle Sports C E S N O A t: 01522 782332 A A E W S UE 52 T H Y H L

B R W A T F RR MO S E D G L

O ND RIV I W D E T O O BY E G N A Wyndham R

R R T R N O S O T AD L A 33 London Road

E E E S A R D Cherry H www.visitlincolnshire.com E R U R E D M O K A T S B S K Park R AD R M T R T N R A O O CH A O A W Grantham N P R B A Orchard 1 52 BARR E T C R S Y OWBY R REE E 5 L OAD SS ST D A RO N and REDC A E 3 Sustrans O 5 t: 01476 574 268 7 R 0 1 6 D L

G H A

A I AD A R L N L RO N T O DE IL O R H A 2 Cathedral Square, N C U R E SE R O A GRE LO AD King’s School SAND C O C O ON N NILW G N E

Y R D K A O L

E ER W R S MANCHEST W E T A G N W C

S H IN ST S CHE CH O E 5 Halfords IC R A R

College Green, Bristol

T I U R D N H E R E W C C E S W IV E A O

R B

T G R. Witham N R S S D P Playing

P A D

I E A R O A T E T A T N O Kesteven and W I R P D

R T

L L

ELMS Superstore E D A London Road, Grantham

A O FO E BS1 5DD E H E T D C RD D Rec T R E T

N I G G Field R S G N R SLEAFORD AREA

Grantham A B

A A V A

RR S

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L T T

O E Gd E C P E E I Girls’ School t: 01476 591434 Tel: 0117 926 8893 Y L T GATE N E O AR IS E BLU L A E RK S U A D E C E L 17 5 B A W T C 3 M

2 1 A A O R 1 O E www.sustrans.org.uk G S

Y W 7 R E R A17 4 Y S A O T B L S C LCLOSE N S T W O K A N 17 A O T N L H R T E S

R O I D I

RHA C U M A A G N I D L Grantham C E W L O H

BA BR R O U L W SLEAFORD S ER ET E WINCHEST S M RE E ANE G ST BEACON L B T L EAST E College EACON LANE W E B U H 1 © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 R L D R ROA 5 HA E O E S E G 1 E D V E O I T S ST AM I 8 A R T RGE R 17 T T D D I EO M B L N G E Holdingham L A XA S ON L Ordnance Survey 100025370. O G S T A WR W T S A153 CYCLING MAP 2016 T D T H A N O S S R UE R C E N T RIVE AVE E D O D N K E VAL W KLI P W S DR L W P T

Beeden EY RD ADO ANB I L E H D M N HIGH S S I R L N E R G T R BICYCLES AND TRAINS AROUND THE AREA A E U V S P D 5 C VEN Y S P A A E D P O 1

T D Y R R D O O T R P P N I D E PEDAL PARK A EW A WINC ST L N O O E E E H Park N D R L R WA A E T T T Y R I N A N A N G S E Y Superstore F D W R S V P (2015) ' R O A E A ' N O N E P S I P N R V B H ER A E E This area is well served by trains. Grantham is on the East O H D T Bus A I T T E E A S Y T T L A R A L C E A B R V O P H T G R D O W S D L H G Stn I H E R G S O U N M R V VE UE T B A O A SART ROAD E M ST C M Coast Main Line with direct trains to London, Yorkshire DY R K A H A E D T H A52 WH C G U R R E AR H F R H OA E D L O DU A L H D E E O L W E T A D A C E V A D H T R I TH RIVE S Y B A A and Scotland. These trains will take five cycles (including V E D R O F TH D R BEECHCROFT ROAD B R R Y D R O E C I Grantham O O K F E E O R F O R R R N W S O V A I 4 X Y I L E A O E E M O K R L T U D N W O D M L R S D A T N S E G M S D O T O R E Y D O tandems) but places should be booked in advance. R E P R R E R C U I A O R OAD E N OAKLEIGH R A T R N E R Y R E E E

A Y D A T O D W N O C O V A ROVE R H C A D THE G T N I S E W A D F

S O A I V D L L T E NY O

D F OA E A T A R S L NT Sports E L C D R Bottesford, Ancaster, Rauceby, Sleaford and Heckington are E S G

G Y T Superstore I T K L

O R S W L A L P

R O T E K N T

R S Z

V R I N

E S B

D T A O A L

Leisure F E H E D Field E T 1

H A R A E M L D

I F T V E 5 N D A R A R I O O E 5 S LA 1 L R E Centre U R E 2 NY C R 8 on the Nottingham to Boston and Skegness line and take T T E E D D E E E D D RIS N N T H O T O C RD E O RD S O BEE AD N S St Hugh’s C of E O STO T ON W RO FO I L I H Y W T N T LE G A Y X T O R D

A R S N O H two cycles without booking. Sleaford is additionally on the P Mow Beck A C N N Mathematics and E E E L D A E D R D R P IV W P FTDRI R 7 A RO N H M Computing College O S C V T D O 1 C E H T R OR 5 N E O O A RT ST O R STUA R 1 Doncaster, Lincoln, Spalding and Peterborough line and again H N D L E VE Sports 7 R T DRI B D U E N B 0 6 H SO N O T RT E L 6 E R SFIE D LA B R E N A P RL E A T RD O I Stadium EA I D T'S R D Earlesfield C N A N CE E has space for two cycles. IN N R G ROA G V A A RE D T ST D E Galley E AI L O River Slea R E R W U ENU O 5 O N AV A OAD E P B O D R R LD S AMES BRID HAR FIE LD Y Hill

TH R H GE N D W IE N U E COL O F

O D W N N D AD A A E O E 52 R E M D O T D O IVE EA T S R R R A E D A M E O SID T N D HILL S H GRANTHAM PEDAL PARK

A T N T M W G RO H W D C 1 E A A A O P L A D D O O R A N A T E U D L R RAC W O L TER D E A D E LD Y G I O Y G ILL FIE A D S A D F M LD RO A H W C R R O FIE O R E B E G D E Grantham’s Pedal Park is still the only facility of its kind in T N R IN U D E P Carre’s R O Dysart A R V P O L B S T S N 5 R W 2 A 1 H T D 7 D E 5 A A 60 R R B ROV H C 1 Grammar A P R E LA T H S E O ID NE E 8 S Cogglesford A S E A G H Lincolnshire. For a modest subscription, cyclists can use the N S Park E R T D School F E T E A N I D A D V R RC E Mill R D OA U H I M D H L E A C E L S C AT A G G F N T P O Superstore D ST secure, inside cycle parking, together with the lockers, toilets H O O N RD A ORN 7 M O E

S 0 R R 5 B N WA E Y R 6 ET L Y R A E O D

A I E O D O R T A R T PUBLISHED BY LINCOLNSHIRE COUNTY COUNCIL

ST B T S S T H B I

R L S ER

D T B

R L I Y R A A A G and showers. Its current site is due for redevelopment and so T R

Police Station RO D R B 7 E A

N E G A

G W N Sleaford 5 1

E 2 T O R

O E 5

T T B S E 1

S T T E D O

S 1 M B S S N W 1 A

P U E T the Pedal Park will be moving to its new site during 2016.

IN E 7 D O B M R G

4 B E R L R U I G Y

D D St George’s N I

L G E D H E R V

E K I E E Bouncing R L T Council A O L

R A S S

O D O College of technology G LE

7 F T Leisure I A E River Slea A

V S P G

D N S E A V

E T R E

T GAT E S Hill E ST Centre O E

T E W C N BOLSOVER L L T G Offices

D EC ES ATE A The Hub A A W A T

RO 5 RI R S C V 1 TON Recreation STA R E M X A T E A N IO S P RL N D A U RO S O P S P OA R I H A AC NK N R U E E D K T B N O L U Ground WES A U T OST S T I R N N S THE GRANTHAM AND SLEAFORD AREA S O B E S T R E O A D O 7 V N ST N K T W E

0 A T H E 6 A O

G W L Superstore

A I R E L E B

T E

T A L E G S L J

T S Y

O T T

C T A E

Y T E U GOOD CYCLING CODE

T R N

H E E

O Walton T V R

N R A S B K

E E T AR E

U M P

R S

A Y M S H

R I ALEXANDRA RD T E Girls’ High C

G S L A Y N E G Y D This 2016 edition of the Grantham and Sleaford Cycling map is one E R U Fen Drain M N N S N ER School E J A A K C V H T L A L R D A A N R B E TO The Phoenix N I V N EN Kesteven & O O S D T E of a series of cycling maps, published by Lincolnshire County Council, E S N Castlefield P O N CE Academy Trust B T ON ALL ROUTES N B E U A T Sleaford High R 1 E 1 R ERIDGE © Crown copyright and database rights 2015 5 COL G that cover the whole of Lincolnshire. E School 1 D VENU WKS WAY C 7 AY N Mow Beck D A A E NTONA H 'S W S S N M Ordnance Survey 100025370. EPHE I Please be courteous! Always cycle with respect for others, D T ST USSEL LT A L O RO L P R L N E E C K R RA W W D E C E S YV L A

ILL E V A M E H I A Y whether cyclists, pedestrians, people in wheelchairs, horse RO S R U R AD D T E This updated map shows the improved facilities in both towns. E S S R H EE H

VEN E LO O O KERY A UE NC STR 517 A C FI W EEN B1 M 7 Y QU A 0 ER L riders or drivers, and acknowledge those who give way to you. Grantham has new links to the hospital from the Riverside Path 6 V Y A A O N C E IS I D AY C R W K D and from Manthorpe, whilst Sleaford now has a cycle connection LE V W A NE T I O LA UT C O R SE B T R N PER OR O T O EE S to Greylees. New crossing facilities and parking provision are G D D Y R K W The A H

RO S R N LL A I

I T A R O A H O D L ON SHARED-USE PATHS CLAY O

A E A S Y W O O

Y ON D A E

REC R V R

K A Maltings also included. B M D U M E ST E A N A H U T P River Witham W Y R T U N N C R Y A S A E R D D Y D l A Give way to pedestrians: leave them plenty of room E A G R H O S E A N V R U M Y R S W O E E B R V O R E N R T H E A U H U H N M D J A The map shows an area full of variety. To the east, lanes lead into O R N E U E l E RD E N HA Keep to your side of any dividing line and keep to the left TOLLEMACH IV S R M R O I A E N P 7 D U L 1 151 N E B E R T D A ASA T R R H N A15 C the flat Fenland landscape whilst south of Grantham the Vales of E AN L F IV when you meet other cyclists AN OAD E IEL E W E L R N D A E AM C S RS GRANTH A O Y GO RIVE L B Stackthorns N R D I E R Lincolnshire offer some delightful scenery. In the west is the Vale of C A STE N NL D ALDER R A D L T OA O l R C H Be prepared to slow down or stop if necessary SO W River Slea D D Belvoir with the Grantham Canal with its cycle path running through it. N A

I O

O R R W N O l T SPIRE VI O A Don’t expect to cycle at high speeds

H E D Kilometres A153 W N K The map has been produced to enable cyclists to find and enjoy the F O R I L O E A MAREHAM LANE

0 0.5 1 1.5 L D D Kilometres l network of lanes and cycle facilities around the area. Being a very Be careful at junctions, bends and entrances

O M D A A OA 0 0.5 1 1.5 AN R N G A15 D AID N M O agricultural area, there are times when very, large lorries will use even O A R L l T Remember many people are hard of hearing and visually N I E A O H 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 S R U O R L the smallest roads in order to take the crops from the fields to shops, R M D C Miles O B A impaired - don’t assume they can see or hear you A D R 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 I IR A E markets or to be processed. Although the lanes marked are generally R D Miles Harlaxton Wood O A l ROAD D Carry a bell and use it - don’t surprise people TOWN the quieter ones, riders must bear in mind that all roads have periods

OAD M WN R TO A l Give way where there are wheelchair users and horse when they are busier and attract larger or faster vehicles, so cyclists Quarrington R E AVE H YFIELD A RA M UR riders must always take care.

M L The Grantham Canal L A L stone ground flour by wind power. Originally built in 1830 as a I N H E S S O five-sailer, a violent thunderstorm blew off the cap and sails and it R The Grantham Canal runs for 33 miles passing through C The other maps in this series P WHEN CYCLING ON ROADS M U was repaired in 1892 with the cap and eight sails from a windmill Rauceby T the beautiful Vale of Belvoir from Grantham through to S that cover the whole of the A153 Station Nottingham and makes a great route to cycle. The canal was in Boston. This outstanding example of Victorian engineering was l Always follow the Highway Code county can be obtained from closed to commercial traffic in 1929, but is now undergoing again restored in 2004. It is open each day in summer but has l Be seen - most accidents to cyclists happen at junctions Lincolnshire County Council.

I N Greylees reduced opening times during the other seasons. R The council has also produced

restoration towards full navigation. Almost all the canal is still S l Fit lights and use them in poor visibility

D a set of local ride leaflets in water, and locks have been rebuilt. However, many hump- BALM ORAL DR l Consider wearing a helmet and conspicuous clothing including those for Woodhall DR PENTLAND R

backed road bridges have been lowered, and will need to be N FR l LOT IAN E Keep your bike roadworthy Spa, Lincoln, Gainsborough, H W W A15 Belvoir Castle AY

reinstated before boats can pass. The connection to the River D R l The Deepings, Crowland Trent has also been obliterated. Belvoir Castle can be seen for miles as you cycle across the Do not cycle on pavements except where designated - pavements are for pedestrians and one for The Lincolnshire Vale of Belvoir. Inside the castle are many notable collections, Limewoods area. from the military treasures in the guardroom to the stunning l Use your bell - not all pedestrians can see you staterooms with their impressive period art, tapestries, furniture 5 and sculpture. AND IN THE COUNTRYSIDE In contrast to the grandeur of the State Rooms, the Old Kitchen l Always follow the Countryside Code Despite this, the towpath has been rebuilt to offer an excellent 7 quality trail for walkers and cyclists. From West Bridgford to and Bakery will fuel your imagination of ‘below stairs’ life in 1825. l Respect other land management activities, farming or Harby (25.5km) is a level path. From Harby to Woolsthorpe forestry and take litter home with you (16.5km) is rough grass and more suitable for summer cycling. l Keep erosion to a minimum if off-road The final section of towpath from Woolsthorpe to Grantham Woolsthorpe Manor l Try to cycle or use public transport to travel to the start (16.5km) is another level path and forms part of the National Woolsthorpe Manor, now a National Trust property, was the and finish of your ride Cover images: Top: Sleaford © Lincolnshire County Council. Mid-left: Isaac’s Apple by Nigel Sardeson © David Martin. Mid right: The Grantham Canal © Lincolnshire County Council. Bottom: Millennium Cycle Network. birthplace and family home of Sir Isaac Newton and is a cycle l Match your speed to the surface and your skills Milepost © Lincolnshire County Council

Page - 79 Page ride along the National Byway, going south from Grantham. At Produced by Sustrans FourPoint Mapping, 2 Cathedral Sq, College Green, Bristol, BS1 5DD Heckington Windmill the Manor you can see the exhibition that explores Newton’s THANK YOU FOR CYCLING! with Realistic Solutions t: 01522 788425 childhood at Woolsthorpe or get busy in the Interactive Science The bicycle does not cause pollution or contribute to climate Heckington Windmill is situated close to the railway station in Discovery Centre. You can see the apple tree that inspired change. Thank you for choosing this environmentally friendly Heckington and can be reached by cycle from Sleaford on quiet Newton to discover gravity and children can dress up as a child form of transport. Andrew Tryner, © Lincolnshire County Council Andrew Tryner, lanes. It is a unique eight-sailed working mill which produces © Lincolnshire County Council Andrew Tryner, from the 1600s. GRANTHAM CANAL HECKINGTON WINDMILL A1 Ewerby Newark 3 Cranwell Pond South A607 Kyme RAF River Slea Cranwell Claypole Stubton A15 Brandon A17 Leasingham Caythorpe Ewerby Cotham Thorpe A17 Cranwell Aviation Dry Heritage Evedon Doddington 2 Centre Ewerby

High North Hough Wood Rauceby on the Hill Normanton- Howell

on-Cliffe A15 Kirkby Boughton B6403 South la Thorpe Rauceby Asgarby Sudbrook Long River Witham Gelston Shelton Carlton Rauceby A17 Bennington Hougham Sta Scroop Heckington 7 A17 Westborough A607 Ancaster Staunton Greylees SLEAFORD in the Vale Moor Mareham A153 A153 Marston Closes Pastures Rauceby Windmill Warren Ancaster Flawborough Valley Silk Honington Wilsford Willoughby Great Hale Kilvington Foston A1 Burton Crossing the A1 at Duke’s Foston is not Covert Pedwardime Alverton recommended as Muddy and Little Hale there are no facilities uneven track for cyclists Barkston Kelby Nottingham- Northbeck Broadhurst Orston shire Syston Swarby Helpringham Allington Scredington Culverthorpe Belton Thorpe Latimer Retail Park Belton Bottesford House Oasby A15

B6403 HIGH DIKE Aunsby A52 Aisby Osbournby Spanby Muston Extremely busy Extremely busy Sedgebrook Welby junction junction A52 Cross with Cross with Londonthorpe Dembleby `Swaton great care great care Wood A52 Muston Meadows A52 2 Barrowby A52 Newton A5

A15 A52 Grantham Threekingham Canal GRANTHAM Haceby Braceby B1177 A52 Love Food Select Lincolnshire 3 - 6 Walcot Horbling Line Grantham Canal Redmile Woolsthorpe In Lincolnshire, fresh local produce has by Belvoir Horbling Barkestone- Steep track a special place in people’s hearts. We’re with Billingborough le-Vale loose surface Grantham a county full of food experts - growers, Canal Ropsley producers, processors and artisan businesses Belvoir Sapperton Birthorpe making Lincolnshire the jewel in the UK food industry’s crown. From succulent Old Folkingham Belvoir Narrow Somerby Pickworth Sempringham Lincolnshire meats and Castle verge A1 path sausages, cheese, fresh salads Denton and veg to local dairy treats. Harlaxton Little Look out for the Love Food Ponton The track is very rough Select Lincolnshire badge. Harston for 250m Pointon Hanby at each end A607 www.selectlincolnshire.com

A15 Leicestershire Knipton Stathern Stroxton Millthorpe Great Lenton Aslackby Ponton Boothby Scotland Ingoldsby

Hungerton B6403 Pangnell B1177

Croxton B1176 Dowsby Kerrial A1 Lower Bassingthorpe Wyville Temple Wood Graby A15 Branston B1397 Eaton Rippingale Eastwell Keisby A607 Bassingthorpe Bitchfield Stoke Rochford Hawthorpe Kirkby Underwood

Goadby Easton Irnham Dunsby Marwood Saltby Burton-le- Bulby B1177 A1 Coggles Haconby Skillington B1176 Wycomb Waltham Stainfield on the Wolds Woolsthorpe-by- Corby Glen Chadwell Colsterworth Stonesby A151 Melton Morton Mobray 4 Sproxton Hanthorpe B1176 Manor House A151 Woolsthorpe Birkholme Elsthorpe Line Colsterworth Twyford Wood Grimsthorpe A15 B676 Kilometres B676

Page - 80 Page Buckminster 0 1 2 3 4 5 Swayfield Dyke Stainby Grimsthorpe Coston Castle Swinstead 0 1 2 3 A151 Miles Ewerby B676 North Edenham Pond

A1 Bourne A607 Witham © Crown copyright and database rights 2016 Woods Sewston Gunby B1176 1 Ordnance Survey 100025370. Garthorpe BOURNE South Kesteven District Council

References  Local Air Quality Management Technical Guidance LAQM.TG(16). May 2016. Published by Defra in partnership with the Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Department of the Environment Northern Ireland.

 Local Air Quality Management Policy Guidance LAQM.PG(16). May 2016. Published by Defra in partnership with the Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly Government and Department of the Environment Northern Ireland.

 South Kesteven District Council Air Quality Action Plan 2016.

 South Kesteven District Council 2016 Annual Status Report.

 South Kesteven District Council 2015 Updating and Screening Assessment.

 National Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factor Spreadsheet, version 06/17 published in June 2017.

 Local Development Framework for South Kesteven: Core Strategy, July 2010

 South Kesteven Local Plan (Consultation Draft), 2017.

Page - 81 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 37 South Kesteven District Council

Glossary of Terms

Abbreviation Description

AQAP Air Quality Action Plan - A detailed description of measures, outcomes, achievement dates and implementation methods, showing how the local authority intends to achieve air quality limit values’

AQMA Air Quality Management Area – An area where air pollutant concentrations exceed / are likely to exceed the relevant air quality objectives. AQMAs are declared for specific pollutants and objectives

ASR Air quality Annual Status Report

Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

LAQM Local Air Quality Management

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

NOx Nitrogen Oxides

PM10 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm (micrometres or microns) or less

PM2.5 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less

QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control

Page - 82 LAQM Annual Status Report 2017 36 APPENDIX 3

Local Authority: South Kesteven District Council Reference: ASR17-173 Date of issue November 2017

Annual Status Report

The Report sets out the Annual Status Report, which forms part of the Review & Assessment process required under the Environment Act 1995 and subsequent Regulations.

The South Kesteven District Council has a single AQMA (SKDC AQMA No. 6) on main traffic routes within central Grantham, declared in 2013 for exceedance of the hourly mean and annual mean objective for nitrogen dioxide. An action plan was developed in 2016.

The Local Authority does not conduct automatic monitoring of pollutants. Its current monitoring only extends to diffusion tube sampling, operating fifty seven passive diffusion tubes across thirty four separate locations. Monitoring suggests that there are continued exceedances of the annual mean objective at seven locations with relevant exposure within the AQMA. The maximum recorded level of exceedance was 49.6 µg/m3. There are no recorded exceedances of the hourly mean objective for nitrogen dioxide, when using annual mean as a proxy for hourly mean.

ASR Appraisal Report Page1 - 83 APPENDIX 3

Local Authority: South Kesteven District Council Reference: ASR17-173 Date of issue November 2017

Since 2012 there have been marked declines of concentrations across twenty three locations, with increases only recorded at six locations (with the remaining five locations only having one year of data). Within the AQMA, since 2012, of the seventeen locations all bar three sites have seen decreasing concentrations. While the overall trend is encouraging, there are concerns over emissions from 2015-2016. As stated in the report there have been increased levels of NO2 at 29 locations. Furthermore, from 2015-2016 there were increases at fifteen of seventeen sites within the AQMA.

The Local Authority has made good progress towards implementing and completing measures. In light of this year’s results the Local Authority should continue to develop and adapt its AQAP in order to achieve compliance.

On the basis of the evidence provided by the local authority the conclusions reached are acceptable for all sources and pollutants, with the provisos listed in the commentary below.

Following the completion of this report, South Kesteven District Council should submit the next Annual Status Report in 2018.

ASR Appraisal Report Page2 - 84 APPENDIX 3

Local Authority: South Kesteven District Council Reference: ASR17-173 Date of issue November 2017

Commentary

The report is well structured, detailed, and provides the information specified in the Guidance. The following comments are designed to assist with future reports.

1. The action plan should prioritise measures that can significantly impact on reducing pollution below objective levels on a clear understanding of current and future transport management within the town. Further guidance on the development of effective measures is available within the latest LAQM Technical Guidance TG(16). 2. All results presented for comparison to air quality objectives should all be corrected for distance as detailed in the latest LAQM Technical Guidance TG(16), not just those that have exceeded or lie within a 10% margin of the AQO threshold. 3. It would be useful to provide example calculations and include workings for distance, bias and annualisation corrections. 4. With regards to the number of exceedances and trend of increasing concentrations the Council should consider whether additional monitoring is necessary, especially in areas with relevant receptors surrounding the AQMA.

This commentary is not designed to deal with every aspect of the report. It highlights a number of issues that should help the local authority either in completing the Annual Status Report adequately (if required) or in carrying out future Review & Assessment work.

ASR Appraisal Report Page3 - 85 APPENDIX 3

Local Authority: South Kesteven District Council Reference: ASR17-173 Date of issue November 2017

Issues specifically related to this appraisal can be followed up by returning the attached comment form to Defra, Welsh Assembly Government, Scottish Government or DOE, as appropriate.

For any other queries please contact the Local Air Quality Management Helpdesk: Telephone: 0800 0327 953 Email: [email protected]

ASR Appraisal Report Page4 - 86 APPENDIX 3

Local Authority: South Kesteven District Council Reference: ASR17-173 Date of issue November 2017

Appraisal Response Comment Form

Contact Name: Contact Telephone number: Contact email address:

Comments on appraisal/Further information:

ASR Appraisal Report Page5 - 87 Appendix 4 Trend in annual mean NO2 concentrations at locations with the AQMA

Trend in Annual Mean NO2 Manthorpe Road/Brook Street

70 ) 3 60

50 (µg/m

2 2 40 30 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 AnnualMean NO Year

Manthorpe Rd/Brook Street Manthorpe Rd/Brook Street Brook Street Threshold

Trend in Annual Mean NO2 Premier Court/Asda

) 3 40

(µg/m 30 2 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 AnnualMean NO Year

A607/A52 roundabout (ASDA) Premier Court (Brownlow Street) Premier Court (North Street) Threshold

Page - 88

Trend in Annual Mean NO2 Watergate/High Street

) 3

40 (µg/m

2 30

0 Annual mean NO 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Year

Watergate High Street Threshold

Trend in Annual Mean NO2 London Road/Bridge End Road

) 3 40

(µg/m 30 2 20 10 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 AnnualMean NO Year

London Road London Road South Parade Bridge End Road Threshold

Page - 89 Trend in Annual Mean NO2 Gt Northern Court/Westgate

) 3

40 (µg/m

2 30

0 AnnualMean NO 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Year

Gt Northern Court Dysart Rd/Westgate Threshold

Trend in Annual Mean NO2 Wharf Road

) 3 50

(µg/m 40 2 30 20 10 0 AnnualMean NO 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Year

Wharf Road Wharf Road Threshold

Page - 90 Agenda Item 8

Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Report of: Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Member for Environment

Report to: Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Date: 20th February 2018

Subject: Big Clean Further Update - Report Number ENV682

Decision No decision required- Update Paper Proposal: Relevant Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Cabinet Member for Environment Member:

Report author: Keith Rowe Service Manager, Street Scene 01476 406 370 [email protected] Date: 02.02.2018

Reviewed by: Ian Yates Assistant Director, Environmental Services 01476 406 201 [email protected] Date: 02.02.2018

Signed off by: Tracey Blackwell Strategic Director, Environment and Property 01476 406058 [email protected] Date: 05.02.2018

Approved for Councillor Dr Peter Moseley publication Date approved: 06.02.2018

SUMMARY This report provides a further update on the progress of the Big Clean project. The Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee recommended to Cabinet that the project be delivered at its 23rd May 2017 meeting. The project commenced as planned on the 7th August and ran for 12 weeks. The necessary resources, manpower and equipment were procured in the required timeframe and the project was delivered under budget. The cleaning regime had a significant impact on improving the street environment, with most areas both urban and rural villages being cleaned. In total over 406 tonnes of waste has been collected to date.

Page - 91 RECOMMENDATION

That the Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee note the positive progress made to date and future plans to maintain the new higher street standard.

1. BACKGROUND TO REPORT

1.1 The Big Clean project ran for 12 weeks. A permanent team has continued to maintain the standard achieved. This report provides a further update following the report to Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee on 26th Sept 2017.

1.2 Approximately 36 locally based agency staff were employed during the project. To date 9 of those have been employed on a casual basis with the potential for securing permanent posts in the near future.

1.3 A range of operational plans were required to deliver the project, including health and safety assessments and safe working practices. All operational staff undertook training and final assessment before the operations commenced with no serious injuries or incidents occurring.

2. Impact 2.1 By the end of the 12 week project the crews had cleared and collected over 406 tonnes of waste, this equates to 45 refuse freighters worth of waste. This made a significant positive impact on improving the street environment. There were no additional costs incurred by the District Council for the disposal of the waste collected as these are paid for by Lincolnshire County Council.

3. Developing a South Kesteven Street Standard 3.1 Based on the lessons learned and experiences of the project, work has been completed on setting out a new higher South Kesteven Street Standard and is reported separately.

4. Financial Update 4.1 On 15th June 2017, Council approved additional funding in-year to finance the Big Clean initiative. Funding of £661,000 revenue (£450,000 one-off to fund the 12 week pilot and £211,000 to fund ongoing additional investment) and £226,500 capital was approved and funded from the Council’s reserves. There have been careful financial management arrangements in place to monitor and track expenditure. Currently, capital expenditure is approximately £37,500 under budget. In addition, spending on agency staff is £26,000 under budget and vehicle hire £40,000 under budget, resulting in a total revenue underspend of £66,000. These figures will be confirmed at the year end.

5. Future Plans 5.1 Subject to approval by Council as part of the budget setting process, plans are being made to deploy two permanent teams on an ongoing basis. This will allow on average for each village to be visited 4 days per year. This will vary depending on the work required in each location. The teams will work both reactively and proactively throughout the district making continual improvements to the street environment.

Page - 92 6. OTHER OPTIONS CONSIDERED 6.1 Not applicable as this report is an update report.

7. RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS 7.1 The project has been delivered to date within the allocated resources.

8. RISK AND MITIGATION 8.1 No new risks have arisen.

9. ISSUES ARISING FROM IMPACT ANALYSIS (EQUALITY, SAFEGUARDING etc.) 9.1 Not applicable as this is an update report.

10. CRIME AND DISORDER IMPLICATIONS 10.1 There is a clear connection between standards of cleanliness and environmental crime. This approach should have a positive impact by assisting in delivering an improved street environment.

11. COMMENTS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES 11.1 The financial considerations of this initiative are shown at section 4.1 detailed above.

12. COMMENTS OF LEGAL AND DEMOCRATIC SERVICES 12.1 Section 89(1) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 places a duty on the Council to ensure that its land (or land for which they are responsible) is, so far as is practicable, kept clear of litter and refuse. The Council should, have regard to the Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse that acts as a practical guide to the discharge of these duties.

13. COMMENTS OF OTHER RELEVANT SERVICES 13.1 None

14. APPENDICES 14.1 None

15. BACKGROUND PAPERS 15.1 Big Clean report ENV656 to Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee 23 May 2017 http://moderngov.southkesteven.gov.uk/documents/s17729/ENV656%20BigCle anMay17v9.pdf Big Clean report ENV660 to Cabinet 1 June 2017 http://moderngov.southkesteven.gov.uk/documents/s17779/ENV660%20v4.pdf Big Clean report CFM421to Council 15 June 2017 http://moderngov.southkesteven.gov.uk/documents/s17838/CFM421%20Big%2 0clean.pdf Big Clean Update ENV670 to Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee 26 September 2017 http://moderngov.southkesteven.gov.uk/documents/s18596/ENV%20670%20Bi g%20Clean%20UpdateGB1.pdf Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse

Page - 93 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/code-of-practice-on-litter-and- refuse

Page - 94 Agenda Item 9

Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Report of: Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Member for Environment

Report to: Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Date: 20th February 2018

Subject: New Higher Street Standard - Report Number ENV681

Decision Key decision Proposal: Relevant Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Cabinet Member for Environment Member:

Report author: Keith Rowe Service Manager, Street Care Services 01476 406 370 [email protected] Date: 05.02.2018

Reviewed by: Ian Yates Assistant Director, Environmental Services 01476 406 201 [email protected] Date: 05.02.2018

Signed off by: Tracey Blackwell Strategic Director, Environment and Property 01476 406 058 [email protected] Date: 06.02.2018

Approved for Councillor Dr Peter Moseley publication Date approved: 06.02.2018

SUMMARY

This report presents the higher street cleansing standard based on the intelligence gathered and lessons learnt from the Big Clean project undertaken during the summer of 2017.

RECOMMENDATION It is recommended that Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee; 1. Review and comment on the attached higher street standard, and 2. Recommend to the Cabinet Member for Environment that the higher standard that we aspire to deliver is adopted.

Page - 95 1. BACKGROUND TO REPORT 1.1 Members supported the Big Clean initiative to provide, within a 12 week timescale, a higher standard of street cleansing which would appeal to investors, resident and visitors. The overall aim was to improve the attractiveness of our district for both our residents and to encourage economic growth. The starting point for the Big Clean was:-

 Removal of weed growth  Removal of litter and detritus  Removal of fly tipping  Removal of graffiti in the public realm  Cleansing of road signs and street furniture  Removal of graffiti/repainting of utility cabinets as required  Washing of pavements i.e. moss and bird faeces  Cutting back overhanging vegetation  Cutting back path overgrowth as a long term objective

1.2 The Big Clean involved a significant investment in terms of manpower and machinery. Part of the initial recommendation (Big Clean (Report no: ENV660)) was for members and officers to develop a South Kesteven “street scene standard”. The new higher standard has benefited from being able to review the Big Clean project outcomes.

2. The “Higher Street Standard” 2.1 The Big Clean attained a higher standard of cleansing and during the 12 week project a significant amount of intelligence was gathered. This information along with the lessons learnt have been fundamental in how the higher street standard has been developed and designed.

2.2 In drafting the attached document, officers have also considered how the land within the district is used and taken into account the objectives of the Draft Local Plan 2017. This has resulted in areas being zoned and timescales for intended visits to be attached to each zone. This in turn this will enable a programme of works to be designed and implemented.

2.3 This approach also reflects the Council’s overriding objective of encouraging economic growth, with a key element of this being the attractiveness of our District. This also improves standards for our existing residents.

2.4 Our standard street cleansing programme will continue. However, to achieve the higher street standard that this document sets out, we are funding two additional teams with the specialist equipment and skills gained from the Big Clean. The cost of funding these additional teams are included in the budget proposals 2018/19 that will be considered by Council on 1st March 2018.

2.5 Members are invited to review the Higher Street Standard as currently drafted and assess any revisions. All feedback and comments are welcomed.

2.6 The intention is to provide the finished document to the public via our web site and, if requested, hard copy format

Page - 96 3. OTHER OPTIONS CONSIDERED 3.1 No other options have been given detailed consideration.

4. RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS 4.1 Resources for delivering the new standard are included within the 2018/19 budget proposals.

5. RISK AND MITIGATION 5.1 No apparent risks within the report.

6. ISSUES ARISING FROM IMPACT ANALYSIS (EQUALITY, SAFEGUARDING etc.) 6.1 None.

7. CRIME AND DISORDER IMPLICATIONS 7.1 There is a clear connection between standards of cleanliness and environmental crime. A higher street standard should have a positive impact by assisting in delivering an improved street environment.

8. COMMENTS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES 8.1 The additional resources required to deliver the higher street standard are included in the 2018/19 budget proposals and are subject to Council approval on 1st March 2018.

9. COMMENTS OF LEGAL AND DEMOCRATIC SERVICES 9.1 Section 89(1) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 places a duty on certain authorities, including District Councils, to ensure that their land (or land for which they are responsible) is, so far as is practicable, kept clear of litter and refuse. The Council should, have regard to the Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse that acts as a practical guide to the discharge of these duties.

10. COMMENTS OF OTHER RELEVANT SERVICES 10.1 None

11. APPENDICES 11.1 Appendix 1 The Big Clean Higher Street Standard

12. BACKGROUND PAPERS 12.1 Big Clean (Report to Cabinet no: ENV660) http://moderngov.southkesteven.gov.uk/documents/s17779/ENV660%20v4.pdf

Page - 97 a higher street standard

SOUTH KESTEVEN DISTRICT COUNCILPage - 98 HigherIT Strategy Street 2015 Standard - 2017 Higher Standard of Street Cleansing towns and larger villages. The rest of our area, including Introduction small villages and settlements will be deemed rural.

The Council’s overriding objective is to encourage Within our district we have a number of industrial areas, economic growth, and a key element of achieving this which have been designated as Zone 3. aim is the attractiveness of our District. The Big Clean project has attained a higher standard of cleansing We will cleanse public highways but not business which appeals to investors, residents and visitors. We land or unadopted land. Whilst private property is not must ensure that we protect and safeguard what is separately zoned, we will cleanse the public highways special about our natural and built environment in equal per the stated Zone that they are situated in. Residents measure. It is essential that we maintain the improved and businesses can play a vitally important part in appearance of our street scene within our District so that supporting community street cleansing initiatives, it will continue to attract visitors and businesses, and especially by maintaining their property frontages free instil a sense of pride in our community. from overgrowing hedges, trees and foliage encroaching on public paths and highways. Our basic street cleansing programme will continue, and, to achieve our ambition of maintaining this ‘higher street We have set out our standards in this document, standard’, we are funding two additional teams with the and welcome reports of street scene problems via specialist equipment and skills needed to deliver this. our website to ensure we can work with residents and

businesses to achieve this ‘higher street standard’. We These teams will operate all year round and will be driven will also provide an advisory and/or cleansing service by a program of works. They will be integrated into our for members of the public and businesses in our area, very successful Big Clean website, which has proved subject to contract and fee. invaluable in informing us of our challenges.

We have zoned our areas to coincide with the Draft South Kesteven Local Plan 2017, outlining the market Page - 99 2 Higher Street Standard

Page - 100 3 Higher Street Standard

After...

Our District

South Kesteven is made up of four market towns, Grantham, Stamford, Bourne and The Deepings. Located within a rural landscape of 365 square miles, interspersed with many larger villages providing its ...before residents with schools and amenities through to smaller villages with more limited provisions and settlements. Historically, although our existing operational street An alleyway in Cambridge Street cleansing standard met national standards, we aspire in Grantham has been transformed as an authority to deliver a wider scope of work with a thanks to The Big Clean higher delivery standard and timescale. As part of the Big Clean we invested in plant, machinery and training to meet and maintain our new higher standard.

Page - 101 4 Higher Street Standard

Uncovering roadsigns for all road users at Callens Lane junction near Kirkby Underwood, Bourne

Before...

...after Page - 102 5 Higher Street Standard

Before...

The Big Clean team clearing weeds and foliage from the pathway on Trent Road, Grantham. ...during Page - 103 6 Higher Street Standard

Before...

...after Page - 104 7 Higher Street Standard

Intended visits and timescales to maintain ‘higher street standard’

Market town centres where large numbers of people Four visits annually (allocated up to 10 days per visit) congregate: Grantham, Stamford, Bourne and The Deepings

Outer edges of the market towns with lower footfall, Two visits annually (allocated up to 2 days per visit) larger villages and high density residential areas

Low density areas of market towns and larger villages, Two visits annually (allocated up to 2 days per visit) urban fringe and industrial areas

Rural Two visits annually (allocated up to 2 days per visit)

Zones Zone 1 Market town centres where large numbers of people congregate: Grantham, Stamford, Bourne and The Deepings

Zone 2 Outer edges of the market towns with lower footfall. Larger villages with higher density footfall.

Zone 3 Low density area of market towns and larger villages other than that in Zone 2, urban fringe and industrial areas

Zone 4 Rural

National Standard

Grade A No litter or refuse

Grade B Predominantly free of litter and refuse apart from small items

Grade C Widespread distribution of litter with minor accumulations

Grade D Heavily littered with significant accumulations

Page - 105 8 Legend Zone 1

Zone 2

Higher Street Standard

Zone 1 GRANTHAM N Zone 2

0 0.25

kilometers Page - 106 9 Legend Zone 1

Zone 2

Higher Street Standard

Zone 1 STAMFORD N Zone 2

0 0.25

kilometers Page - 107 10 Legend Zone 1

Zone 2

Higher Street Standard

Zone 1 BOURNE N Zone 2

0 0.25

kilometers Page - 108

11 Legend Zone 1

Zone 2

Higher Street Standard

MARKET Zone 1 0 0.25 N DEEPING Zone 2

kilometers

Page - 109 12 Higher Street Standard

Intended visits and timescales to maintain ‘higher street standard’

SKDC Current Standard National Standard SKDC Higher Standard

Zone 1 Return to Grade A By 6pm if reported before Half a working day 1pm, or the next day if (five hours) reported between 1pm and 6pm on the previous day

Zone 2 Return to Grade B By 6pm the following Within a working day evening (10 hours)

Zone 3 Return to Grade B 14 days Within five working days

Zone 4 Return to Grade B 28 days Within seven working days

SKDC already complies with the national standards detailed below as set by the Code of Practice on Litter and Refuse issued under section 89 (7) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990. In addition we will adopt a higher standard for our residents as detailed in this document.

Page - 110 13 Higher Street Standard

SKDC’s higher standards We will task supervisory roles to ensure that standards are being kept and reported back to relevant teams on issues found. Supervisors can also undertake a Civil Penalty issuing role relating to littering/fouling and businesses without waste agreements or any other environmental crime that can be evidenced.

Zone 1 Litter /Street Cleaning SKDC Standard National Standard Weed spraying/ No requirement or Three weeks prior to the ‘specialist team’ team attending will spray removal advice and follow up with weed ripping for maximum impact

Chewing gum No requirement to use Will power wash specific areas twice per annum, generally prior to specialist equipment to special events clean up residues Graffiti No requirement just Offensive graffiti (as defined in the Glossary of Terms) to be removed advice or required to be removed within 48 working hours of report to SKDC

If not the local authorities responsibility, a report will be made to the appropriate business/body Graffiti advice No requirement just Will offer private / business properties a removal service for a fee advice Overgrowing No requirement as a Where the sign is in a residential street and where work can be trees obscuring Highways issue done, the offending branches will be removed. Where it is difficult, street signs dangerous or special equipment is required, LCC Highways will be requested to carry out the works

Cleansing of No requirement as a Where the signage can be reached, we will power wash the sign. street signs and Highways issue/SKDC We will not repair / replace directional signs. Where the sign is on an street lights Facilities issue arterial road, the Highways Authority will be informed. If an SKDC name plate, to be reported to the Council’s Facilities Department Cleansing of No requirement or We will power wash the benches and bins – inspecting both for benches and advice evidence of decay or damage and reporting as appropriate bins Damaged bins No requirement or As part of our cleansing routine, bins found to be damaged, corroded advice or at the end of their natural life will be replaced within 7 days Overgrowing No requirement as a If a minor issue, we will seek permission to cut back the hedge. If hedges, highways or hedge not forthcoming we will note the hedge locations and inform LCC affecting owner issue highways of the obstruction footpaths Page - 111 14 Higher Street Standard

Reports of No specific advice or To be dealt with within two hours (during working hours) or the next dangerous guidance working day if reported out of hours issues i.e. needles and broken glass Fly tipping No specific advice or Remove within three days, unless hazardous waste. All fly tips will be guidance checked for evidence of who tipped or who it belonged to

Fly posting No specific advice or Remove within three working days guidance Litter and Refer to Standard Grades Grade A at a quicker pace than the national standard detritus A – D Weekend Would fall within Grade A Operate a Zone 1 cleansing of streets between 7.30 am – 12noon cleansing requirements

Zone 2/3/4 Litter /Street Cleaning SKDC Standard National Standard Weed No requirement or advice Three weeks prior to the ‘specialist’ team attending, will spray and spraying/ follow up with weed ripping for maximum impact removal Chewing No requirement to use Will power wash specific areas twice per annum, generally prior to gum specialist equipment to special events clean up residues Graffiti No requirement just advice Offensive graffiti (as defined in the Glossary of Terms) to be removed or required to be removed within 48 working hours of report to SKDC

If not the local authority’s responsibility, a report to the appropriate business/body

Graffiti No requirement, just advice Will offer private / business properties a removal service for a fee advice Overgrowing No requirement as a Where the sign is in a residential street and where work can be trees Highways issue done, the offending branches will be removed. Where it is difficult, obscuring dangerous or special equipment is required, LCC Highways will be street signs requested to carry out the works

Page - 112 15 Higher Street Standard

Cleansing of No requirement as a Where the signage can be reached we will power wash the sign. street signs highways issue/SKDC We will not repair / replace directional signs. Where the sign is on an and street Facilities issue arterial road, the Highways Authority will be informed. If an SKDC lighting name plate, to be reported to the Council’s Facilities Department

Cleansing of No requirement or advice We will power wash the benches and bins – inspecting both for benches and evidence of decay or damage and reporting as appropriate. bins Damaged No requirement or advice As part of our cleansing routine, bins found to be damaged, corroded bins or at the end of their natural life will be replaced within seven days Overgrowing No requirement as a If a minor issue we will seek permission to cut back the hedge. If hedges, Highways or hedge owner not forthcoming, we will note the hedge locations and inform LCC affecting issue highways of the obstruction footpaths

Litter and Refer to Standard Grades Maintain at Grade B with the desire to achieve Grade A detritus A – D Reports of No specific advice or Zones 2/3: To be dealt with within two hours (during working hours) dangerous guidance or the next working day if reported out of hours issues i.e. Zone 4: To be dealt with within four hours (during working hours) or needles and the next working day if reported out of hours broken glass

Fly tipping No specific advice or Remove within three days, unless hazardous waste – all fly tips will be guidance checked for evidence of who tipped or who it belonged to

Fly posting No specific advice Remove within three working days or guidance

Page - 113 16 Higher Street Standard

play an important role. Input from community volunteers Litter Bins will be sought to supplement the Council’s service offer. We will continue to provide agreed disposal sacks and Our litter bins are placed where littering is seen to be an pick up points for waste collection, high visibility vests, issue. Whilst our litter bins can be used to dispose of gloves and litter picking sticks. bagged dog waste, we do not provide dog waste bins or litter bins for dog walkers. Parishes that provide their To register your interest as a volunteer please contact own litter or dog waste bins are responsible for us on 01476 406080 or visit www.southkesteven.gov.uk emptying them.

Any requests for new litter bins are considered following Legal Requirements careful monitoring of the proposed new site, to ensure Section 89(1) of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 that there is a need. Litter bins are emptied on a places a duty on certain bodies to ensure that their land frequency that reflects its usage. (or land for which they are responsible) is, so far as is practicable, kept clear of litter and refuse. If a litter bin is found to be damaged or unsightly, please let us know by contacting us on 01476 406080 The Government published a Code of Practice in which or visit www.southkesteven.gov.uk. it describes the methods and actions that are required to be followed by the litter authority and other responsible Volunteers bodies to comply with the Act. This allows for the zoning of areas, according to usage, and the standards required Businesses associated with the Big Clean will collect maintaining those zones. litter within 50 metres of their boundaries. A sticker will indicate a business’s support.

To continue the success of the Big Clean and maintain our new higher standard of cleansing, volunteers by way of groups, individuals and companies will continue to Page - 114 17 Higher Street Standard

Glossary of Terms plastic and other finely divided materials. Offensive graffiti – where graffiti is racially offensive Litter - includes materials, often associated with (and hostile to religious groups), sexually offensive, smoking, eating and drinking, that are improperly homophobic, depicts a sexual or violent act or is discarded and left by members of the public; or are defamatory. spilt during business operations as well as waste management operations. Fly tipping - the illegal disposal of controlled waste is commonly known as fly-tipping. There is no specific Under Section 98(5A) of the Environmental Protection definition of fly-tipping other than in the offences set out Act 1990, certain discarded smoking-related materials in Section 33 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990. (cigarette ends, etc.) and discarded chewing gum and This includes the deposit or disposal of controlled waste the remains of other products designed for chewing, are without a waste management licence, or its disposal in specifically stated to be items of litter. a manner likely to cause pollution of the environment or harm to human health. Littering - carelessly discarded materials as defined above. Larger village - formally known as Local Service Centres, the assessment of larger villages took into consideration Refuse – to be regarded as having its ordinary meaning the provision of: primary school, food shop, public of waste or rubbish, including household and commercial transport, village hall, post office, public house, open waste, and can include fly-tipped waste. Dog faeces are space, play space, doctor, police / fire, secondary school to be treated as if they were refuse when on public land. and other businesses. Dog fouling is a separate offence from littering. The larger villages are: Ancaster, Barkston, Baston, Barrowby, Billingborough, Caythorpe, Colsterworth, Detritus - comprises small, broken down particles Corby Glen, Great Gonerby, Harlaxton, Langtoft, Long of synthetic and natural materials, arriving at the site Bennington, Morton, South Witham and Thurlby through the same displacement effects associated with mechanical, human, animal and natural actions, most Enforcement – Enforcement action will be taken, where of which also determine the distribution of litter. Detritus it is appropriate to do so, by the Enforcement Team. Any includes dust, mud, soil, grit, gravel, stones, rotted leaf action taken will be as per our Enforcement Policy. and vegetable residues, and fragments of twigs, glass, Page - 115 18 Higher Street Standard

Contact links

Cleansing of street signs - South Kesteven District Council, Facilities Department or email [email protected]

LCC Highways - Lincolnshire County Council. County Offices, Newland, Lincoln, LN1 1YL. Telephone: 01522-552222. Fax: 01522-516137. Minicom: 01522-552055. Email: [email protected]

South Kesteven District Council – Bins, Street Care and Recycling www.southkesteven.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=8038

Big Clean http://www.southkesteven.gov.uk/index aspx?articleid=12438

Page - 116 19 02445RT_2.18 Page -117 Agenda Item 10

Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Report of: Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Member for Environment

Report to: Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee

Date: 20th February 2018

Subject: Enviro Crime Enforcement - Report Number ENV680

Decision Policy Framework Proposal: Relevant Councillor Dr Peter Moseley Cabinet Cabinet Member for Environment Member:

Report Mark Jones Service Manager, Neighbourhoods author: 01476 406 297 [email protected] Date: 01.02.2018

Reviewed Ian Yates Assistant Director, Environmental Services by: 01476 406 201 [email protected] Date: 01.02.2018

Signed off Tracey Blackwell Strategic Director, Environment and by: 01476 406 058 Property Date: 05.02.2018 [email protected]

Approved Councillor Dr Peter Moseley for Cabinet Member for Environment publication: Date: 06.02.2018

SUMMARY Following the introduction of the new higher streets standard and in line with our wish to maintain a much improved environment, this report presents a draft Enviro Crime Enforcement Policy based on feedback from the Members workshop held in December 2017. Members considered a range of options in respect of how we can provide appropriate enforcement to stop those who continue to commit enviro crimes such as littering, fly tipping, graffiti and other associated anti-social behaviours.

Page - 118 RECOMMENDATION That the Environment Overview and Scrutiny Committee considers the proposed new enviro crime enforcement policy and recommends its adoption to the Cabinet Member for Environment.

1. BACKGROUND TO REPORT

1.1 The Council is committed to improving the attractiveness of the district as was demonstrated through the delivery of the Big Clean project providing a much improved street environment. This in turn supports the Councils overriding objective to encourage economic growth by assisting in our aim to make the district attractive to investors, residents and visitors.

1.2 In addition to providing the necessary resources to maintain our higher street standards consideration should also be given to how we can provide appropriate enforcement to stop those who continue to commit enviro crimes such as littering, fly tipping, graffiti and other associated anti-social behaviours.

1.3 For many of the offences the Council can use Fixed Penalty Notices (FPNs). A FPN can be served on an individual or business for an offence. It offers the recipient the opportunity to pay a penalty rather than being taken to court and prosecuted. By paying the FPN the recipient discharges their liability to conviction for the offence for which the FPN was issued.

2. Enviro Crime Enforcement Policy

2.1 An all Member workshop was held in December 2017 to explore the various options available to the Council for the main areas of environmental crimes. The results of the workshop have been summarised in Appendix 1.

2.2 The areas considered were:-

o Littering o Fly tipping o Dog fouling o Dog control o Graffiti o Domestic waste o Commercial waste

2.3 In addition to the above, reference to fly posting, abandoned vehicles and nuisance parking have also been included in the draft policy for completeness. The ability to issue FPNs for householders failing in their “duty of care” when transferring waste to third parties may be legislated for by the Government in due course.

Page - 119 2.4 For each of the environmental crimes detailed above, six key questions and associated options available were considered, those being:-

 When would a fixed penalty notice be issued?  What age group would be issued a penalty?  What appeal process, if any, should be available?  What should the level of fine be?  Would early payments be allowed?  What action would be taken for non-payment?

2.5 Based on the feedback from the workshop a draft Enviro Crime Enforcement Policy has been produced which will provide the framework for any future associated enforcement activity. This is attached at Appendix 2.

2.6 The feedback from the workshop produced some common themes and these can be summarised as follows:-

 FPNs will in the main be issued when authorised officers have witnessed an offence. Warnings will not be given first as has been the case to date.

 FPNs will be issued to offenders aged 16 or above.

 An appeals process will be in place around an agreed framework.

 The levels of fine will be increased to reflect the seriousness of the offences will no early payment reductions.

 All non-payment cases will be considered for court action.

3. OTHER OPTIONS CONSIDERED

3.1 Various options for the response to each offence were considered in the workshop. Following feedback Members wished for the public space protection order (dog control) to be reviewed to consider the inclusion of extra conditions relating to dog fouling and a requirement to carry the means to pick up dog waste.

4. RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS

4.1 This report is seeking support for the enforcement policy relating specifically to environmental crimes. Work has been undertaken to assess options for increasing the levels of enforcement which do not incur an additional financial burden on Council Tax payers. Financial provisions have been made in the 2018/19 budget.

5. RISK AND MITIGATION

5.1 The Council’s reputation could be affected/impacted on by stronger enforcement so clearly communicating to all stake holders the reasons for such an approach will be paramount.

Page - 120 6. ISSUES ARISING FROM IMPACT ANALYSIS

6.1 An equality impact (initial assessment) has been undertaken and is attached at Appendix 3.

7. CRIME AND DISORDER IMPLICATIONS

7.1 There is a clear connection between standards of cleanliness and environmental crime, as well as significantly impacting upon the environment, this can encourage more serious forms of anti-social behaviour. This approach should have a positive impact by assisting in delivering an improved street scene environment.

8. COMMENTS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES

As stated at section 4 of the report, the financial considerations relating to the policy have been included in the budget proposals for 2018/19 which will be considered by Council on 1st March 2018.

9. COMMENTS OF LEGAL AND DEMOCRATIC SERVICES

9.1 The offences for which a fixed penalty notice can be issued are set out in various Acts and the enforcement procedures and processes will need to comply with the relevant legislation. In addition to the legislation relating to the offences, there are other areas of legislation that will also need to be considered and complied with, such as the Human Rights Act 1998, the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 in connection with the investigation and prosecution of criminal offences and where the use of covert directed surveillance is deemed appropriate, for example, by using hidden CCTV cameras, the appropriate authorisations under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (as amended), will be required.

10. COMMENTS OF OTHER RELEVANT SERVICES

10.1 None

11. APPENDICES Appendix 1 Summary of Members workshop feedback Appendix 2 Draft Enviro Crime Fixed Penalty Notice Policy Appendix 3 Equality Impact Analysis (initial)

12. BACKGROUND PAPERS

SKDC Corporate Enforcement Policy

SKDC Environmental Services Enforcement Policy

Page - 121 Appendix 1 Summary of feedback from Environmental Overview and Scrutiny Member Workshop 5th December 2017 When do we issue a What age Appeals process Level of fine Reduction Action for fixed penalty fine group do we Early non- issue to payment payment Littering On all occasions where 16 or over Yes- Around a Continue with maximum No Pursue the offence has been framework permitted= £80 through court witnessed by an authorised officer and not inadvertently dropped Comments- Size doesn’t matter e.g. cigarette ends are litter, issue at 16 assuming we have a good schools education initiative, need to take circumstances and possible disabilities into account.

Dog Fouling On all occasions where 16 or over Yes- Around a Increase to maximum= £100 No Pursue the offence has been framework Significant resistance to through court witnessed by an reduce current fine authorised officer Comments- This proved to be particularly emotive given the impact upon the environment which generated a lot of red stickers from participants. There was also a significant appetite to extend the current Public Space Protection Order (Dog Control) based on extra requirements and geographical areas, e.g. “requirements for dog walker to carry and produce a means to pick up when requested to do so” Comments- maintain officer discretion, times of patrols need to be varied, Page - 122 Page Dogs Under Control (The offence is not to put dog on lead when asked to do so by an authorised officer) On all occasions when 16 or over Yes- Around a Increase to maximum= £100 No Pursue offender has failed to framework Significant resistance to through court comply with a request reduce current fine from an authorised officer

Comments- There was also a significant appetite to extend the current Public Space Protection Order (Dog Control) based on extra requirements and geographical areas, e.g. “Dogs must be on leads in designated areas such as cemeteries, parks, sports pitches” “restrict number of dogs that can be walked by any one person in designated areas” The practicalities of these conditions will need to be explored further and will form a larger piece of work during of 2018.

When do we issue a fixed What age Appeals process Level of fine Reduction Action for penalty fine group do we Early non- issue to payment payment Commercial Waste Offence (No trade waste agreement in place) On all occasions when N/A This question Continue with maximum No Pursue offender has failed to wasn’t addressed permitted for; through court comply with an but should follow trade waste agreement= £300 instruction/request from an suit with other inadequate control of waste= authorised officer offences where £110 legislation does not state otherwise

Comments- Ensure reasonable time is allowed to comply, suggested 28days

Mispresented Waste (Refuse out on wrong day, time, location etc.) All householders who fail N/A all This question Continue with maximum This was a Pursue to comply with statutory owner/occupiers wasn’t addressed permitted= £80 split vote through court warnings (due process to will be over 16 but should follow which will

Page - 123 Page follow) by default suit with other need offences where further legislation does work/dialog not state otherwise ue as part of the policy process Comments- Discretion for old/vulnerable, education, quiz in SKToday, up to date information provided to all households- collection dates, handles to kerb etc.

Fly Tipping FPN for small scale 16 or over Yes- Around a Increase to maximum= £400 No Pursue 2/bags framework Significant resistance to through court reduce current fine Consider prosecution for anything greater and/or where the fly tipper has made financial gain

Comments- This proved to be particularly emotive given the impact upon the environment which generated a lot of red stickers from participants.

When do we issue a What age Appeals process Level of fine Reduction Action for fixed penalty fine group do we Early non- issue to payment payment Graffiti Offender- On all occasions 16 or over Yes- Around a Increase to maximum= £80 No Pursue where the offence has framework through court been witnessed by an authorised officer and/or sufficient is provided to support FPN or

Page - 124 Page prosecution Householder- When graffiti Yes- Around a Increase to maximum= £100 Yes Pursue is offensive, visible to framework through court public and offer to clean is declined

Comments- Recover costs wherever possible, continue to work with partners sharing intelligence/graffiti database, need a clear definition of what is classed as offensive/racist/anatomical? Fine parents as an option/consideration, consider mental capacity of offenders, and pass on cost of cleaning to home owner- need some discretion over this.

Common themes; Early payment- No other than one comment regarding Misrepresented Waste and graffiti (householder) Maximum penalty endorsed in all cases Follow up for non-payment in all cases Use of PSPO- Reviewed to incorporate further conditions Page - 125 Page Appendix 2

South Kesteven District Council Enviro Crime Enforcement Policy

Version Control Version 1.0 Date adopted- TBC Responsible Officer Mark Jones- Neighbourhoods Manager Review date- Review date-

Page - 126 1. Introduction The Council deals with a range of offences, several of which can be dealt with by way of a Fixed Penalty Notice (FPN). A FPN can be served on an individual or business for an offence. It offers the recipient the opportunity to pay a penalty rather than being taken to court and prosecuted. By paying the FPN the recipient discharges their liability to conviction for the offence for which the FPN was issued.

This Policy is designed to inform members of the public what they can expect from the Council in terms of how it serves Fixed Penalty Notices. It also sets out how we will respond to appeals and makes it clear when the Council will issue FPNs in terms of offence and age.

2. Aims This Policy will create consistency in terms of our approach to the issuing of FPNs and supports the investment made by the Council in keeping our streets clean. The implementation of this Policy and subsequent operational service delivery aims to provide a clean environment for those residing, visiting, working and investing within South Kesteven. It aims to raise the profile of environmental crime, facilitating the enforcement of offences in line with the relevant legal powers available.

3. Delegation All officers who issue FPNs shall be authorised by the appropriate Assistant Director under delegated authority.

The appropriate Assistant Director will have the authority to withdraw the FPN in appropriate circumstances.

4. Joined Up Working The Council will work in close partnership with external bodies such as Lincolnshire Police, The Environment Agency and Parish Councils to extend the enforcement service within the District.

5. Approach Fixed Penalty Notices provide a quick, visible and effective way of dealing with straightforward environmental crimes, and an alternative to prosecution. Normally offences resulting in a FPN will be witnessed directly by the officer. However, an officer may consider it appropriate to issue a FPN to an offender if they have not directly witnessed the offence, but have reliable witness testimony.

A FPN will be appropriate for first-time offenders and one-off incidents meaning the recipient can avoid a court appearance and possible conviction. The Council will adopt a robust approach in its use of FPN and all other associated enforcement powers. Our officers, or those working on behalf of the Council, will be fair but firm, polite and consistent.

Page - 127 A FPN will only be issued when:

 an offence has been committed  a FPN is a proportionate response  there is evidence to support prosecution if the offender doesn’t pay the fixed penalty  the offender understands why the FPN is being issued  it is believed that the name and address offered by the offender are correct

A FPN will not be issued if:

 there is no criminal liability  enforcement action is inappropriate or would be disproportionate for the offence  littering is done accidentally  prosecution is more appropriate

6. Offences This policy applies to the categories of offences set out below: Littering A person commits an offence if he throws down, drops or otherwise deposits any litter in any place which is open to the air and which the public have access to, with or without payment. This will also apply to littering from vehicles as of 1st April 2018. Public Space Fouling – a person commits an offence if, whilst in charge of a dog , Protection within the SKDC area he fails to remove faeces from land which is open Order (Dog to the air and to which the public are entitled or permitted to have Control Order) access (includes covered land that is open to the air on at least one side). Dogs on Leads – a person commits an offence if, whilst in charge of a dog, he fails to comply with a direction given by an authorised officer to put and keep a dog on a lead of not more than 1m in length on land which is open to the air and to which the public are entitled or permitted to have access (includes covered land that is open to the air on at least one side). Dogs Excluded from designated Areas – a person commits an offence, if whilst in charge of a dog, he takes the dog on to or permits the dog to enter or remain on any land to which the order applies.

Further detail relating to the original dog control orders can be found at Dog Control Orders 2010

Fly Tipping A person commits an offence if he deposits (or knowingly causes/permits) controlled waste to be deposited in or on any land unless a waste management licence authorising the deposit is in force and the deposit is in accordance with the licence.

Page - 128 Domestic A person commits an offence if, without reasonable excuse, they do not Waste Offence present their household waste for collection in the specified manner. Commercial A person commits an offence if they store waste in a manner that Waste Offence causes a nuisance or is detrimental to the amenities of the locality. Waste A person commits an offence if he fails to produce waste transfer Transfer documentation. Offence Public Space Failing to surrender alcohol when asked to do so by an authorised Protection officer. Order (Alcohol Control) Community It is an offence if a person fails to comply with reasonable requirements Protection that are imposed to prevent a detrimental effect continuing or recurring. Notice Graffiti A person is guilty of an offence if they deface with graffiti any property that is not their own or that they do not have the permission of the owner to deface. Fly Posting A person commits an offence if he displays advertising material on buildings and street furniture without the consent of the owner. Abandoning a A person commits a criminal offence if he abandons a motor vehicle or Vehicle anything that has formed part of a motor vehicle on any land in the open air or on any other land forming part of a highway. Nuisance A person commits an offence if he leaves (or causes to be left) two or Parking more motor vehicles parked within 500m of each other on a road or roads where they are exposed or advertised for sale.

7. Age The issue of a FPN will only be considered for those persons who commit an offence and are aged 16 years or above.

Where a person under the age of 16 has committed an offence, officers will seek to work with parents and/or schools to prevent further offences and educate the young person where possible. Appropriate adults will be sought in all cases.

8. Fee and Payment The fee for each type of fixed penalty notice, where not set by law, will be set by Council during the annual budget review. Where a new offence and/or FPN fine is established within the budget year, then the relevant legislated default penalty fee will be adopted. If the person either refuses to accept a FPN or, having accepted such a notice, does not pay before the end of the suspended enforcement period of 14 days, a reminder letter will be issued giving a further seven days’ notice from the date of this letter. If the fixed penalty remains unpaid and to ensure

Page - 129 the credibility of a FPN scheme, the assumption will be that all cases involving non-payment will be considered for referral to court.

Payment of a fixed penalty by instalments will not be accepted. In cases of demonstrable hardship, consideration may be given by a senior officer to extending the suspended enforcement period and delaying the issue of summons.

9. Appeals The method of appeal will be detailed on the FPN or accompanying documentation.

The relevant appeal process will be adhered to wherever legislated for, in all other circumstances the appeal timeline below will be followed.

Appeals must be made within 5 working days of the date of issue of the Notice and will be considered on a case by case basis. Matters for consideration may be:

 Demonstrable lack of mental capacity  Demonstrable lack of physical capacity

Appeals will not be considered on the grounds of:

 Insufficient funds to pay  Denial of the offence

Responses to appeals will be provided within 10 working days. The FPN will be suspended during this appeal period. Should the appeal be dismissed then a further period of 5 working days will be allowed for payment. Further appeal is not available within the Council. Alleged offenders may choose to defend their case in the Magistrates’ court.

10.Court Action A FPN may not be appropriate where it is known that the offender has previously been issued with a Notice for a similar offence, particularly if they have not paid. Court action will be considered in such cases as will offences where the impact of the offence upon the local environment and the cost related to rectifying is significant. Court action will be considered if:

 Payment has not been made  the offence is major, e.g. significant fly tip, dumping of hazardous waste  the offence is committed by a persistent offender  the offender is violent or aggressive

11.Publicity The Council takes a positive approach to publicising enforcement work and recognises the significant impact of such publicity. The aim of this publicity is to raise the profile of the offences, increase confidence from the public and deter future offenders. The Council will also periodically publish performance information on FPNs and other enforcement action through the Council’s reporting mechanisms. Page - 130 Appendix 3

South Kesteven District Council

Equality Impact (Initial Analysis)

Enviro Crime Enforcement Policy

Service Area: Lead officer: Date of Meeting Mark Jones Environmental Services Assessors: 02/02/18 Mark Jones

Neutral Assessor: Carol Drury

Page - 131 1. Name and description of policy/service/function/strategy

The Fixed Penalty Notice Policy has been produced to give guidance to officers with responsibility for issuing Fixed Penalties to those seen committing offences as listed on page 3 of the policy. This policy outlines the offences, our approach and circumstances under which a notice can be served.

Is this a new or existing policy? New

2. Complete the table below, considering whether the proposed policy/service/function/strategy could have any potential positive, or negative impacts on groups from any of the protected characteristics (or diversity strands) listed, using demographic data, user surveys, local consultations evaluation forms, comments and complaints etc.

Does this Please describe why the policy/service/function/strat impact is positive or Equality Group egy have a positive or negative. negative impact on any of If you consider this policy the equality groups? etc is not relevant to a specific characteristic Please state which for each please explain why group Age Neutral Individual protected characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Whilst there is legislation allowing a fixed penalty notice to be served on anyone aged 10 years and above, this Council has taken the decision not to serve notices on persons aged under 16 years. Disability Neutral Individual protected characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Legislation defines exemptions for individuals with disabilities in relation to specific offences. The policy takes these

Page - 132 requirements into consideration.

Race Neutral Individual protected characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Gender Neutral Individual protected Reassignment characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Religion or Neutral Individual protected Belief characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Sex Neutral Individual protected characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Sexual Neutral Individual protected Orientation characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Pregnancy and Neutral Individual protected Maternity characteristics have not been identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Marriage and Neutral Individual protected Civil characteristics have not been Partnership identified as being a determinant in the development or delivery of this policy. Carers Neutral Under this policy, Carers would not be held responsible for any exempted (by reason of disability) offences

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Other Groups Neutral Extended payment periods will (e.g. those from be considered for those issued deprived (IMD*) with a fixed penalty notice who communities; are socio-economically those from rural disadvantaged. communities, those with an offending past)

*(IMD = Indices of multiple deprivation)

General Evidence provided by individuals served with a fixed penalty comments notice which shows extenuating circumstances could have the notice over-turned by a senior officer of this Council.

3. What equality data/information did you use to inform the outcomes of the proposed policy/service/function/strategy? (Note any relevant consultation who took part and key findings)

None

If there are any gaps in the consultation/monitoring data, how will this be addressed?

N/A

4. Outcomes of analysis and recommendations (please note you will be required to provide evidence to support the recommendations made): Please check one of the options.

a) No major change needed: equality analysis has not identified any potential for discrimination or for negative impact and all opportunities to promote equality have been taken

Page - 134 If you have checked option a) you can now send this form to the Lead Officer and your Neutral Assessor for sign off

b) Adjust the proposal to remove barriers identified by equality analysis or to better promote equality.

If you have checked option b) you will need to answer questions b.1 and b.2

c) Adverse impact but continue

If you have checked option c) you will need to answer questions c.1

d Stop and remove the policy/function/service/strategy as equality analysis has shown actual or potential unlawful b.1 In brief, what changes are you planning to make to your proposed policy/service/function/strategy to minimise or eliminate the negative equality impacts?

b.2 Please provide details of whom you will consult on the proposed changes and if you do not plan to consult, please provide the rationale behind that decision.

If you have checked option b) you will need to complete a Stage 2 equality analysis c.1 Please provide an explanation in the box below that clearly sets out your justification for continuing with the proposed policy/function/service/ strategy.

If you have checked option c) you will need to complete a Stage 2 equality analysis. You should consider in stage 2 whether there are sufficient plans to reduce the negative impact and/or plans to monitor the actual impact.

Signed (Lead Officer): Mark Jones (Name and title) Service Manager, Neighbourhoods

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Signed (Neutral Assessor): Carol Drury (Name and title) Community Engagement and Policy Development Officer

Date signed off: 02/02/18

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