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1960 ANL-6368.Pdf • • • • • o -" •- - - a - ANL-6368 Biology and Medicine ( TID-4500, 16th Ed., Amended) AEC Research and Development Report ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne, Illinois BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL RESEARCH DIVISION SUMMARY REPORT January through December, 1960 May 1961 Preceding Report: ANL-6264 July through December, 1959 Operated by The University of Chicago under Contract W-31-109-eng-38 with the United States Atomic Energy Commission 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acute radiation mortality in the parakeet S. P. Stearner, S. A. Tyler, M. H. Sanderson and 5 E. J. Christian ................ ....... • • • • • • • Progress report. Fertility of CF No. 1 female mice irradiated with fission neutrons 10 D. L. Jordan and H. H. Vogel, Jr..... • • • • • • • • 0 • • • • 0 The comparative effectiveness of AET as a protective agent against mortality in neutron- and )'-irradiated mice D. L. Jordan, H. H. Vogel, Jr., N. A. Frigerio, N. Bink, 12 and R. Ba:rhorst ....... ......... .... ... • • • • • • • Life shortening in mice irradiated with either fission neutrons 60 or Co )'-rays at low dose rates H. H. Vogel, Jr., N. A. Frigerio, and D. L. Jordan . 16 Lack of acquired radioresistance after single doses (50 rads) of 60 fission neutrons or Co )'-rays 21 • H. H. Vogel, Jr., and D. L. Jordan ... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Longevity of female mice irradiated with single sublethal exposures of fission neutrons 27 H. H. Vogel, Jr., and D. L. Jordan.. .......... • • • • • • Mammary tumor incidence in female Sprague-Dawley rats 60 irradiated with either fission neutrons or Co )'-rays. Progress report H. H. Vogel, Jr., and D. L. Jordan. 30 A function for the tissue mast cell 33 L. R. Draper and D. E. Smith . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Progress report: Diseases and care of laboratory animals I. Effects of Pseudomonas infection of mice R. J. Flynn, E. J. Ainsworth and I. Greco .. ...... • • • • • 35 II. Studies on the diagnosis of Pseudomonas infection of mice R. I. • 37 J. Flynn, Greco ... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • III. Studies. on the epidemiology of Pseudomonas infection 1n m1ce I. 0. R. • • 40 J. Flynn, Greco and L. Bibbs .....• • • • • • • • IV. Disease-free (pathogen-free) breeding colony R. 0. J. Flynn and L. Bibbs ..... .. .... • • • • • • • • • 43 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page The immune response in hibernating animals I. Antigen disappearance in hibernating ground squirrels ( Citellus tridecemlineatus) B.N. Jaroslow and D. E. Smith ............... .• • • • 45 The DNA synthesis time of the myelocyte in the dog M. A. Maloney, C. L. Weber and H. M.Patt . • • • • • • • • • • 48 Radiosensitivity of the hypertrophying mouse kidney L. R. Straube and H.M. Patt .. ......... • • • • • • • • • • 51 Preliminary results from the Monte Carlo study in the stochastic theory of mortality G.A. Sacher and E.Trucco . .. .. .. .. 56 Progress report: On the Fokker-Planck equation in the stochastic theory of mortality E.Trucco .. .. .... ....... ....... ... • • • • • • • • 61 • On the kinetics of mechanisms by which acute radiation injury accumulates S.A. Tyler and S. P.Stearner ........... ...... • • • 64 The uptake and retention of dietary strontium-90 M.P. Finkel, P.J. Bergstrand and D. J.Graubard. • • • • • • 71 90 The LD1o0;35 for Sr in the Everglades rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta rossaleni). L. S. Lombard, C. F. Decker and A.M. Brues ... • • • • • • • 78 Cytochrome c oxidase activity in amoebae J.F. Thomson and E.W. Daniels .• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 82 Spectrophotometric titration of deoxyribonucleic acid L.G. Bunville ............ .... .• • • • • • • • • • • • • 83 Preparation and properties of S-adenosyl- L-homocysteine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine sulfoxide, and S-ribosyl-L­ homocysteine • • • John Duerre ................ ......... • • • • 84 Stabilization and augmentation of the neutral deoxyribonuclease (DNAse I) R. N.Feinstein and Ulrich Hagen ......... ... ... • • • 93 S-Adenosylmethionine in rat liver Panpit Pansuwana ....... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 100 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Studies on the acid phosphatase and {3-glucuronidase activities of thymus and spleen after whole-body X-irradiation of rats, and their possible relation to the lysosome particles Y. E. Rahman . 104 The temperature of neutron-irradiated substances T. R. Sato and H. H. Strain........... • • • • • • • • • • • 107 The study of diurnal metabolic rhythms with the constant feeding technique I. Liver glycogen levels and DNA synthesis R. W. Swick, G. Germek and R.Ogawa . • . • . 110 Progress report: Density gradient centrifugation Effect of X-radiation on distribution of cytoplasmic particulates of rat liver J. F.Thomson, Y. E. Rahman, and F.K. White . • • • • • • • • 115 Studies on the effects of deuterium oxide IX. The effects of various hormones and vitamins on the survival of mice maintained at toxic levels of D20 D. M. Czajka, J. J. Katz and A.J. Finkel ....... • • • • • 119 Studies on the effects of deuterium oxide X. Clinical course of deuterium intoxication in dogs D. M. Czajka, A. J. Finkel, C. S. Fischer, J. J. Katz, and B. M. Van Dolah . 123 Studies on the effects of deuterium oxide XI. Effects of antitumor drugs on ascites tumors in deuterated . m1ce J. M. J. J. A. Finkel, D. Czajka and Katz .. • • • • • • • • • • • 129 Effects of deuterium on some enzymatic reactions J. F. Thomson, D. A. Bray and F.K. White • • • • • • • • • • • 136 Effect of D20 on plasma viscosity and erythrocyte fragility J. F. Thomson, F.K. White, and D. A. Bray ..... • • • • • • 140 Energy transfer in photodynamic action D.E. Smith, Leonida Santamaria and Bernard Smaller • • • • 143 - . - . - .. ..... ...... .. -·· 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Types of chromosome breaks produced by colchicine and X-ray in £Q.llinsia J?.eterophyll� E. D. Garber ................. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 147 The intracellular distribution of phytochrome in corn seedlings S. A.Gordon .......... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 149 A new pathway of auxin biogenesis S. A. Gordon and L.G. Paleg • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 152 Photoperiodic responses of Sequoia gigantea seedlings John Skok ....... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 156 A difficulty with iodometric techniques applied to certain peroxide mixtures R. N. Feinstein ..... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 159 Preliminary study of chemical tests to measure the reactivity of peroxides R. N. Feinstein ..... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 162 Attempts at cancer therapy with catalase R.N. Feinstein and Marilyn Vetter • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 173 3-Amino-1, 2,4-triazole X. The effect of chemically modified aminotriazole on erythrocyte catalase . R.N. Feinstein, Marilyn Vetter and Carla Folkers ... • • • • 176 The correlation of autoradiographic grain counts and tritium concentration in tis sue sections containing tritiated thymidine W. E. Kisieleski, Renato Baserga and John Vaupotic.. .. 181 DNA synthesis of mammalian kidney cells in tissue culture after single and periodic doses of irradiation A. N. Stroud, A.M. Brues, and B. R. Svoboda .... • • • • • • 189 5 ACUTE RADIATION MORTALITY IN THE PARAKEET S. P. Stearner, S. A. Tyler, M. H. Sanderson and E. J. Christian Introduction Our studies of comparative radiobiology in the bird have confirmed the existence of dose-reductive processes that influence the acute mortality and pathological responses following an exposure to ionizing radiation. In addition, statistical appraisals of the interdependence of the observed mor­ tality and the amount and duration of the radiation revealed quantitative information of importance in determining the nature and kinetics of the injury processes underlying the acute syndrome. In some respects, dif­ ferent avian species exhibit distinctly contrasting responses to an acutely lethal insult. One group that includes the chick and the duck expresses an injury as mortality within 48 hours after exposure.(l,2) A second group that includes the pigeon, the parakeet, and the canary does not show this initial response.(3,4) Much information is available to suggest that injury processes that terminate as 0 to 2-day mortality in one group are also active in the second group, but the injury accumulated does not result in lethality under comparable exposure conditions. For each species, how­ ever, varying the exposure time from a few m1nutes to 24 hr produces marked changes in the probability and/or the distribution of mortality within the 3- to 30-day postirradiation period. This report will summarize the relations between dose and exposure time in the parakeet following Co60 )'-irradiation. Mortality within 30 days is used as the measure of sustained insult, and the similarities between empirical descriptions of injury accumulation processes for the parakeet and chick are pointed out. Method Male and female parakeets (Melopsittacus undulatus) 6 to 8 weeks old were obtained from Steves Aviary, San Francisco, California. These birds, raised under the superv1sion of Karl F. Meyers, University of California, had received aureomycin-medicated feed for 2 weeks prior to shipment as preventive treatment against possible latent ps1ttacos1s in­ fection. In our animal quarters, the birds were housed in flight cages, 15 per cage, and fed a millet-canary seed mixture supplemented with cod­ liver oil. The birds were kept on the animal farm for two weeks before irradiation. Conditwns of ex osure to Co60 )'-rays were the same as have p been described for the
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