EXTENSIONS of REMARKS 16201 for the Commercialized Production of Syn H.R

June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16201 for the commercialized production of syn H.R. 13: Mr. BOWEN, Mr. BROYHILL, Mr. AMENDMENTS thetic fossil fuels; jointly, to the Commit CAMPBELL, Mr. CHAPPELL, :Mr. RoBERT W. tees on Banking, Finance and Urban Af DANIEL, JR., Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. DoUGHERTY, Under clause 6 of the rule XXIII, pro fairs and Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Mrs. FENWICK, Mr. FITHIAN, Mr. GUYER, Mr. posed amendments were submitted as By Mr. PEPPER: HINSON, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. LEE, Mr. MYERS Of follows: H.R. 4589. A bill to authorize reduced fa.ires Indiana, Mr. NICHOLS, Mr. RINALDO, Mr. H.R. 3930 for the elderly and handicapped on the THOMAS, Mr. TRIBLE, and Mr. WAMPLER. By Mr. HEFTEL: Nation's railroads; to the Committee on In H.R 154: M!l'. BIAGGI. -Page 4, beginning on line 25, strike out terstate and Foreign Commerce. H.R.1979: Mr. ERDAHL, and Mr. RINALDO. "500,000 barrels per day crude oil equivalent H.R. 4590. A bill to remove the coinsur H.R. 3539: Mr. BARNARD. of synthetic fuels and synthetic chemical ance amount which a patient has to pay H.R. 3721: Mr. HYDE, Mr. MITCHELL of New feedstocks not later than five years after under part A of the medic9.l'e program for the effective date of this section." and in inpatient hospital services after such serv York, Mr. RoBINSON, Mr. DouGHERTY, and Mr. DORNAN. sert in lieu thereof "5,000,000 barrels per ices have been furnished to such patient for day crude oil equivalent of synthetic fuels 60 days during a spell of illness; to the H.R. 4142: Mr. DANIEL B. CRANE, and Mr. GIBBONS. and synthetic chemical feedstocks not later Committee on Ways and Means. than fifteen years after the effective date By Mr. PERKINS (for himself and H.R. 4179: Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. MITCHELL of of this section.''. Mr. GOODLING) : Maryland, Mr. SANTINI, Mr. STEWART, Mr. -Page 10, line 23, strike out "$2,000,000,000" H.R. 4591. A bill to make technical cor SCHEUER, Mr. WALGREN, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. and insert in lieu thereof "$5,000,000,000". rections and miscellaneous amendments in GREEN, Mr. CARR, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. GRAY, Mr. certain education laws contained in the FLOOD, Mr. LUNGREN, Mr. DoUGHERTY, Mr. Education Amendments of 1978; to the Com SIMON, Mr. DOWNEY, Mr. NEAL, Mr. FORD of H.R. 4389 mittee on Education and Labor. Michigan, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. WOLPE, Mr. BEDELL, By Mr. CAVANAUGH: By Mr. ROUSSELOT: and Mr. LOWRY. -Page 12, line 24, strike out "prisoners" and H.R. 4592. A bill to amend the Internal H.R. 4443: Mr. RoYBAL, Mr. WOLPE, Mr. all that follows through line 25 and insert Revenue Code of 1954 and for other pur BEDELL, and Mr. WEISS. in lieu thereof the following: "any prisoner poses; to the Committee on Ways and H.J. Res. 265: Mr. COUGHLIN. for work performed prior to 180 days before Means. H.J. Res. 276: Mr. BARNARD, Mr. COLEMAN, the presumptive release date of such By Mr. UDALL: Mr. LEE, Mr. MITCHELL of New York, Mr. prisoner.". H.R. 4593. A bill to amend the act of NEAL, and Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas. By Mr. CORRADA: December 22, 1974 (88 Stat. 1712), and H.J. Res. 306: Mr. ADDABBO, Mr. BEARD of -Page 19, line 9, increase the amount ap for other purposes; the Committee on to Tennessee, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, Mr. BUCHAN .propriated for carrying out titles III and VII Interior and Insula.r A1fairs. AN, Mr. CHENEY, Mr. COLLINS of Texas, Mr. of the Public Health Service Act and section By Mr. WALKER: DAN DANIEL, Mr. DICKINSON, Mr. FAZIO, Mr. 1122 of the Social Security Act by $320,000. H.R. 4594. A bill to require oil refineries FOUNTAIN, Mr. GUARINI, Mr. HANCE, Mr. -Page 46, line 12, increase the amount for to sell minimum percentage of synthetic a. HUTTO, Mr. HYDE, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. expenses for the Community Services Ad fuels, to provide certain tax incentives for LEATH of Texas, Mr. LUNGREN, Mr. MAZZOLI, ministration by $4,500,000. the production of synthetic fuels, and for Mr. McDONALD, Mr. MITCHELL of New York, other purposes; jointly, to the Committees By Mr. MOTTL: Mr. MOLLOHAN, Mr. MONTGOMERY, Mr. PAUL, --On page 25, line 8 after "title VII" insert: on Interstate and Foreign Commerce and Mr. PEPPER, Mr. ROBERTS, Mr. ROBINSON, Mr. Ways and Means. "section 921 ($10,000,000) and section 922 ROE, Mr. SATTERFIELD, Mr. STAGGERS, Mr. ($10,000,000) ". STANGELAND, Mr. SYMMS, Mr. WAMPLER, Mr. On page 25, line 18, strike the figure WHITl'EN, Mr. BOB WILSON, Mr. WINN, Mr. "$3,936,982,000" and insert in lieu thereof PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS WYATT, Mr. WYLIE, and Mr. YOUNG of Florida. "$3,956,982,000". Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private H.J. Res. 338: Mr. MOAKLEY, Mr. MITCHELL of Maryland, Mr. SANTINI, Mr. STEWART, Mr. bills and resolutions were introduced and H.R. 4394 severally referred as follows: SCHEUER, Mr. WALGREN, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. GREEN, Mr. CARR, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. GRAY, Mr. By Mr. MILLER of Ohio: By Mr. RAHALL: FLOOD, Mr. LUNGREN, Mr. DOUGHERTY, Mr. --On page 38, after line. 16, insert the fol H.R. 4595. A bill for the !relief of Sheng SIMON' Mr. DOWNEY' Mr. NEAL, Mr. FORD of lowing section: Tchou and Ming Tuhou Watt; to the Com Michigan, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. WOLPE, Mr. BEDELL, SEc. 409. Of the total budget authority mittee on the Judiciary. Mr. LOWRY, Mr. FRENZEL, and Mr. WINN. provided in this Act, for payments not re By Mr. ULLMAN: quired by law, two per centum shall be H.R. 4596. A bill for the relief of Lynn withheld from obligation and expenditure: Rufus Pereira; to the Committee on the Provided, That of the amount provided in Judiciary. DELETIONS OF SPONSORS FROM this Act for each appropriation account, PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS activity, and project, for payments not re quired by law, the amount withheld shall ADDITIONAL SPONSORS Under clause 4 of rule XXII, SPonsors not exceed five per centum. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors were deleted from public bills and res By Mr. NELSON: were added to public bills and resolutions olutions as fallows: --On page 24, line 23, strike "$6,854,924,000", as follows: H.R. 4514: Mr. KRAMER. and insert in lieu thereof, "$6,169,924,000". EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS LABELING OF WATER BUFFALO Cosmetic Act and establish requirements In addition to providing needed pro MEAT for the proper use of the terms "buffalo" tection for consumers, the legislation I and "water buffalo" in the marketing and am introducing today recognizes the labeling of food. My amendment reserves serious economic threat to the fledgling HON. THOMAS A. DASCHLE the use of the term "buffalo" for the market for buffalo that results ·from the OF SOUTH DAKOTA marketing and labeling of products made labeling and marketing of products other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the American bison. than American bison as buffalo. Buffalo The American people have long re producers have made a substantial in Thursday, June 21, 1979 ferred to the American bison as buffalo. vestment in the development of a market e Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. Speaker, on William Cody, for example, was called, for buffalo and consumers who have pur March 3, 1979, in Twin Falls, Idaho, the "Buffalo Bill Cody," not "American Bison chased buffalo have recognized the high National Buffalo Assocation adopted a Bill Cody." Similarly, the lyric in "Home quality of this product. The marketing resolution calling for the proper label on the Range" is "give me a home where and labeling of an inferior product as ing of water buffalo meat. I am today the buffalo roam" not "give me a home buffalo could seriously damage the well introducing legislation to accomplish the where the American bison roam." Allow deserved reputation for quality earned labeling improvement sought by the Na ing the term buffala to be used in the by buffalo producers and result in a loss tional Buffalo Association. labeling and marketing of any product of consumer confidence and destroy the The legislation I am introducing will other than American bison amounts to developing buffalo market. amend the Federal Food, Drug, and consumer deception. Buffalo producers do not fear com-

•This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 16202 EXTENSIONS OF .REMARKS June 22, 1979 petition from products such as imported Through my involvement with the fort. Their unselfish devotion to the victims water buffalo. Buffalo producers only American Brittle Bone Society, I have and families of O.I. and the leadership po seek to have consumer acceptance of met many individuals, both adults and sitions they have taken to meet the chal these other products determined on their lenges ahead generate enthusiasm and re children, who are atllicted with brittle flect a positive approach that hopefully will own merits and not by riding on the bone disease. And while these people are bring about continued progress in the years coattail of a reputation for high quality fragile physically, I have seen a dedica to come. established by buffalo producers. tion and special care which is so hearten Looking over your conference program, I It has been my privilege and pleasure ing to me as a Member of Congress. note that experts in brittle bone disorders to work with the National Buffalo As Due to the testimony and good work have spoken on virtually every facet of such sociation which is headquartered in of the members of the society, my Labor diseases-from the technical point of view Custer, S. Dak. and Ms. Judi Hebbring, the medical point of view-the sociological HEW Appropriations Subcommittee has point of view and the emotional and psyco the energetic and resourceful executive included language in our report for the logical point of view. I'm obviously not an director of the NBA, in the development second year in a row, urging the National expert so I'd like to take the next minutes of this legislation. The National Buf Institutes of Health to pay special atten to share with you what we in the Congress falo Association has been an effective tion and allocate resources of those in a.re doing to help and what the future may and strong voice for buffalo producers stitutes which deal with these diseases hold in terms of government support for the and their legitimate concerns deserve our research that needs to be done. for brittle bone research. I am pleased to In 1978 the National Institutes of Health, prompt and thought!'ul attention. have been able to play a small part in Mr. Speaker, I include the text of this Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism and Di this process. gestive Diseases supported 16 independent legislation at this point in the REcoRD: I was also pleased that our colleague private studies throughout the country for H.R.- and friend, BRUCE F. VENTO of Minnesota O.I. research. In 1978, NIH provided only Be it enacted by the Senate and House of shares my concern in this field. Con $425 thousand in Government monies but Representatives of the United States of gressman VENTO was the guest speaker. it certainly signalled a beginning interest in America in Congress assembled, That (a) 0.1. Also, in 1978, the National Institute of at the breakfast on Tuesday, and I would Arthritis, Metabolism and Digestive Diseases section 403 of the Federal Food, Drug, and like to share with the House Members Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343) is amended by received a $44 million increase over that re adding at the end thereof the following new his remarks, as follows: ceived in 19i77. A substantial part of this in paragraph: REMARKS BY BRUCE F. VENTO crease was, in fa.ct, used for research studies "(q) (1) Except as provided in subpara Today marks the conclusion of the 1st for bone disorders. graph (2), if it is sold or offered for sale National Conference of the American Brittle Due to your organization and stepped-up and- Bene Society. All of you who organized and lobbying efforts, both the House and Senate approved language in the Labor/HEW ap " (A) it consists in whole or in part of the participated in this conference are to be congratulated. You have demonstrated thru propriations bill specifically related to os meat or other portion of the carcass of a teogenesis imperfects.. The language stated water buffalo, unless its label or advertising dedication, perseverence and plain hard work what organized efforts can accomplish. Thru that 0.1. had not received enough attention contains the term 'water buffalo'; or to date and that NIH should devote more "(B) its label or advertising contains the this conference you have taken a giant step forward in making people aware of O.I. and time and monies t.o intensify research ef term 'water buffalo', unless it consists in forts for both 0.1. and related brittle bone whole or in part of the meat or other por related brittle bone diseases. And thru-not only this conference-but your diligent work disorders. tion of the carcass of a water buffalo. for the pa.st 2 yea.rs in your home states and, Today, as a result of that language, the "(2) Except as provided in subparagraph here in Washington, you have made elected NIH Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism and (1), if it is sold or offered for sale and its public officials aware that some 15 mill1on Digestive Diseases Clinical Center is under label or advertising contains the term 'buf people in this country suffer from brittle taking-and wm continue into 1980 and in falo', unless it consists entirely of the ml:lat bone diseases and from 10 to 30 thousand years to follow-a sophisticated O.I. research or other portion of the carcass of an Ameri are affected by osteogenesis imperfecta. The project that hopefully wm produce needed can bison.". Congress responded to your needs last year medical breakthroughs for the trea.tment of (b) The amendments made by subsection how much remains to be done. YOU have O.I. (a) to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic launched a good beginning and now your I am happy to report to you today that the Act shall apply with respect to food which is follow-thru is of the greatest importance. House wm be considering the Fiscal Year introduced or delivered for introduction into My particular interest in o.r.. was really 1980 Labor/HEW appropriation next week interstate commerce 180 days after the date sparked in two ways. First, one of my rela a b1ll that calls for a $3.4 b1llion appropria of enactment of this Act.e tives was a.fflcted at ia.n early age with a tion for NIH-up from $3.2 b1llion provided very rare bone disease called Stickell's Syn in 1979. The Senate b1ll also calls for an in drome. For many years, her bone disorder crease in the NIH budget for 1980; and both CONGRESSMAN BRUCE F. VENTO was misdiagnosed as O.I. and then, like to b1lls address the need for continued research SPEAKS AT AMERICAN BRITTLE day, little research and medical treatment into 0.1. and brittle bone disorders. BONE SOCIETY BREAKFAST was available to treat her disorder. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? When I'm told or when I read about the It means, that in a day when there is pres tremendous frustrations and suffering that sure to reduce the federal budget, to cut HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN fam111es of O.I. or related bone disorders monies from virtually all government pro experience, I can assure you that I have felt grams, that this Congress is not about to pull OF NEW JERSEY that firsthand. And when all of you empha IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the rug out from under our commitments to size how the lack of research is responsible health care programs for the people of our Thursday, June 21, 1979 DIRECTLY-for little progress in treating brittle bone diseases, I identify with you. society. It means that this Congress will con • Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Spealrer, on Tues In plain-speaking terms, it is unacceptable tinue to beef up its appropriation for NIH to that both the victims of brittle bone insure that those research programs already day of this week, I had the pleasure of undertaken as well as new research programs attending a breakfast in conjunction diseases and their families-over 30 million people in this country-should tolerate or that have been proposed will be funded. I with the American Brittle Bone Society's accept the void in research and medical tech remain convinced that when we examine our first national conference. Since the so nology that we have today. spending priorities, we must not forsake our ciety was founded 2 years ago, I have The Second reason for my involvement in basic commitments to people in terms of worked with the society in bringing to your cause, and I guess really why I'm here health, and I will continue to fight against the attention of the Congress, and the speaking before you today, is because of my all proposals that slash a.way at our budget association with John and Jean Mandeville, using meat-axe cuts with little or no regard Nation, the need for increased research for those commitments. into the causes and treatment of osteo who you all know well. The parents of a son Jay amicted with O.I., they visited with me While you have correctly focused your col genesis imperfecta and other brittle early in 1978 about the sad lack of public lective efforts in Washington to insure that bone diseases. The dedication of the support for research of brittle bone diseases. federal monies will support 0.1. and brittle founders of this organization, particu Needless to say, they brought back some un bone research, I want to encourage you to do larly Mrs. Roberta DeVito and Mrs. Bar pleasant memories, but-more importantly likewise in your respective states. I also en bara Diem, has accomplished much. they shared with me a wealth of information courage you to work with your local units of Through vigorous work, these and many that dramatically pointed out the need for government as well as groups and founda other individuals have brought national Government support. John and Jean, like tions in the private sector. In other words, many of you, have labored hard to bring don't leave any stone unturned. awareness of the problems which thou O.I. out of the closet and I will be ever You have already demonstrated success in sands of individuals and families face on grateful to them for involving me as part of many areas. I am pleased to note that today a daily basis. this effort and as a spokesman for +.his er- there are five clinics-one of which is located June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16203 in St. Paul under the direction of Dr. Lowell For this reason, we cannot support Mr. Smits says now. "I found out later that he Lutter-which are serving the needs of those DINGELL's amendment concerning strict was 32 years old." But as the tiny athlete afillcted with O.I. 1:be others are located in compliance with currently applicable en stared up at him on the running track at New York City, Denver, Detroit and Chicago. Brockport State College during the 1976 New A good start-yes but there ls so much more vironmental requirements, but we will support those other amendments which York State Special Olympics meet, Peter that can and should be accomplished. Smits asked what events he had won. Roberta DeVito, Chairperson of the Board attempt to establish a viable and rational of Trustees for the American Brittle Bone synthetic fuels industry in the United SPORTS OF THE TIMES Society, recently outlined a vigorous list of States.• "The 100-meter dash and the 50-meter recommendations before the Senate Sub dash," he replied with a smile. committee on Labor/HEW Appropriations: "How fast did you run?" Peter Smits Direct Research grants; THE 1979 INTERNATIONAL SUMMER asked. "What were your times?" Sufilclent funds to strengthen the intra SPECIAL OLYMPICS "I don't know my times," he said. "All I mural orthopedic research program for brit know is, I'm not small anymore." tle bone disorders; Reflecting on that moment, Peter Smits A new Division of Brittle Bone Diseases HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE says, "That's when I got hooked on Special within the National Institute of Arthritis, Olympics." Now he ls the director for the Metabolism and Digestive Diseases; and OF NEW YORK fifth International Special Olympics that Establishing research training and fellow IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wm be held Aug. 8-13 at the State Univer ship programs for ·brittle bone disease. Thursday, June 21, 1979 sity of New York campus at Brockport, about These are goals all of you will continue to 20 miles west of Rochester, with 3,500 men rally around, will continue to work for in the • Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, interna tally retarded athletes from more than 30 future. I want you to know that I will con tional attention will focus on Moscow nations. While the world focuses on next tinue to support those efforts and will do and Lake Placid during the next 18 year's Olympic Games at Moscow and Lake everything possible to help you as a Member months, with both sites hosting the up Placid, the Special Olympics are what the of Congress. Olympics should be. No politics. No inter I thank you for asking me to be with you coming 1980 Olympics. Preceding them, national incidents. No scandals. No contro this morning and look forward to your 2nd however, is a totally different Olympics, versies. And most of all, no overemphasis on conference-and more progress to report- one that promises victory for each and winning. next yea.r.e every participant. I speak of the 1979 In each 50-meter dash, for example, gold, International Summer Special Olympics, silver and bronze medals are awarded to the to be held August 8 to 13 in Brockport, first three finishers, but the other five com AMENDMENTS TO H.R. 3930--DE N.Y. petitors receive a ribbon each. FENSE PRODUCTION ACT AMEND American culture places a great deal "In the 50-meter dash, we might have 300 MENTS races," says Bob Montague, the executive of importance on success, particularly director of the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. Foun athletic success. Too often our children dation that created and sponsors the com HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN are taught that winning is an end in petition. "That means 300 gold medals in one itself, and that athletics are most im event." OF OHIO portant when some title or prize is at Perhaps the people who best understand IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stake. The importance of the Special , the spirit of the Special Olympics are the Thursday, June 21, 1979 Olympics is that victory takes a second athletes themselves. place to participation; that the joy of "I've seen a runner fall and another run • Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, taking part, of having fun, is the only ner stop and pick him or her up," Peter we are in general agreement with the Smits says. "I've seen a runner drop a. baton amendments that Mr. DINGELL will offer reason for competing. in a relay race and another runner pick it to H.R. 3930, relating to the production Special Olympics began in 1968 as an up and hand it to him or her. In one race of synthetic fuels. However, one amend effort to allow mentally retarded chil I saw a boy's mother come out on the track ment which Mr. DINGELL plans to offer dren to share in the fun of physical ex to take his picture when he was leading and would be ill advised and counterproduc ercise. It has grown into a global pro he stopped and posed for her. Some really tive. This amendment concerns the ap gram which brings happiness to thou want to win but most don't. Some don't seem sa~s thr.ough the selfless efforts of Eu to care whether they win or lose. They just plication of existing environmental laws love competing." with respect to the development of do nice Kennedy Shriver and the members of the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., founda In addition to track and field, the Special mestic sources of synthetic fuels. Olympics will include swimming, diving, Chairman DINGELL's amendment tion. Their service in behalf of the men gymnastics, wheelchair events, bowling, would require that any exercise of au tally retarded children of this world is basketball, Frisbee-disc, hockey played with thority under H.R. 3930 must be con rare and commendable. plastic sticks and pucks, floor hockey, volley sisteillt with applicable environmental, The community of Brockport, N.Y., ball and soccer. conservation, antitrust, and fuel conser has also joined in this effort to provide "It's been four years since our la.st Inter vation policies of the United States. happiness to thousands of children. With natlonal Special Olympics was held at Cen Environmental regulations have severely the assistance of. the community and the tral Michigan University," Bob Montague State University of New York at Brock says. "We've decided that we need a four hampered the orderly developmeillt of our year gia.p to organize it properly. The first two domestic energy resources and are still port, the Internatim1al Games Commit International games were held in Chicago doing so. For that reason, our present tee has worked at great length to pro only two years a.pa.rt, in 1968 and 1970, and energy supply shortage is much more vide participants and volunteers with a the third was in Los Angeles in 1972, but severe than it would have been had we safe, attractive, and comfortable com then we had a three-year interval anp now taken a more orderly approach to devel petition area. Due to the work of these it's four years. If we kept three years, it opment of our environmental energy people, including Dr. Albert W. Brown, eventually would fall on the same year as policies. president of SUNY-Brockport and Peter the Olympics themselves and we didn't want to do that." At the appropriate time, we will offer Smits, international games director, the games promise to be a major success. No admission will be charged for the an amendment designed to provide the events, which will be held on Friday and authority to waive environmental and I submit the fallowing articles in the Saturday after an opening ceremony Thurs other laws which unduly impede or post hope that my colleagues may learn more day evening. pone the development of synthetic fuels of the upeoming Special Olympics, and "Albert Brown, the president of Brockport projects. We can ill afford the endless the impact they have on the lives of their State, has a great interest in powerless peo delays and bureaucratic bungling that participants: ple," Bob Montague says. "His school is one have been caused by some of our exist [From the New York Times, Apr. 26, 1979] of the few in the nation with education ing environmental laws. If we are to have THESE OLYMPICS ARE SPECIAL classes in how to help mentally retarded a viable synthetic fuels industry, we must adults. Many students there are familiar (By Dave Anderson) with the handicapped. And many of the realize that there will have to be trade Behind him, Peter Smits felt a tug at his foreign-language students will be our inter offs between environmental and energy sleeve. Turning, he looked down at a men preters in French, Spanish, German, Portu goals, and that the production of ade tally retarded athlete with two Special Olym guese and Swahlli." quate supplies of energy is just as impor pic gold medals hanging from rlbbons around But no nation from behind the Iron Cur tant as immediate protection of our en his neck. "He was so small, only a.bout 4 feet tain has entered the Special Olympics pro vironment. tall, I thought he was a youngster," Peter gr·am. 16204 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 "We still hope that Poland will join," Bob Brockport State, armed with a 200-page NBC, ABC, PBS HELP DEAF-CBS Montague says. "But the Soviets do not ap blueprint developed by Smits over 11 months, REFUSES pear to be interested and Ea.st Germany outbid Vanderbilt, Ohio State, the Univer wrote us, saying that they did not want to sity of Florida and the University of Ten participate. But in West Germany our Amer nessee for the fourth version of the Special HON. PAUL FINDLEY Summer Olympics, sponsored by the Ken ican military units stimulated a. program OF ILLINOIS that has spread among the people there, so nedy Foundation. The first international West Germany will have a. team. We haven't Winter Special Olympics was held February IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.SENTATIVES had any correspondence with China. let, but 1977 at Steamboat Springs, Colo. Thursday, June 21, 1979 Hong Kong has entered a team. So has Amer "We really wanted it and we have a na ican Samoa. They had a telethon there to tional reputation for programs for handi • Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, today I raise funds. I'm told there a.re only 30,000 capped kids," said Smits. am introducing a resolution commending people there, but they raised $50,000." The school solicited and received letters the American Broadcasting Co., the Na Ireland also has arranged to send a team of support from Gov. Hugh Carey and every tional Broadcasting Co., and the Public despite a. postal strike there, thanks to whait professional team in New York State. Broadcasting Service, for the exemplary Peter Smits ca.Us "The Irish Connection." Held every four yea.rs, the International work they have done, and are planning "I give our correspondence to a. friend of Special Olympics is the culmination of more mine, Jim Brannigan, who gives it to his than 17,000 local, area, chapter and national to do, to provide closed captioned tele brother who sails on a. freighter to Liverpool training programs and competitive meets in vision programing for the deaf and hear and who then gives it to his nephew who which more tha.n 700,000 mentally retarded ing-impaired. The resolution also urges goes back and forth to Dublin," says Peter athletes worldwide take part. the Columbia Broadcasting System, one Smits with a. la.ugh. "Then the Irish send About 20,000 communities worldwide have of the Nation's largest television net their correspondence to me the same way." Special Olympics programs," Smits explained. works, to join with the other three major But not even the Special Olympics a.re "There are 1 million Special Olympians." broadcasting companies in providing perfect. Occasionally a. cheater is discovered. The first Special Summer Olympics was this much needed and long sought after "Not the competitors," Bob Montague says. held in 1966 in Chicago's Soldiers Field. "But once in a. while a. coach will falsify a. UCLA and Central Michigan have also form of television programing for the runner's previous times so that the athlete hosted the Games. nearly 14 million deaf and hearing will be put in a race with slower runners and Among the invited celebrities are Special impaired individuals living in this have a. better cha.nee to win. It doesn't hap Olympic "coaches.. Ra.fer Johnson, Frank country. pen very often but it happens." Gifford, Bruce Jenner, Julius Erving, Wilt The use of closed captioning by the It's ironic that the mentally retarded are Chamberlain, John Naber and chairman for networks will, for the first time, make it not smart enough to cheat. Only the men community affairs, Phyllis George. tally sound a.re. "The community is excited about it," possible to bring into every deaf and Smits said. "It's ha.rd to describe what it's hearing-impaired persons living room BROCKPORT UNIV. To HOLD OLYMPICS FOR like to experience a Special Olympics. the pleasure of watching television. In RETARDED "You see courage and determination and December of 1976, the Federal Commu joy that you don't see in any other kind of nications Commission granted the tele (By Mark D. Frank) event," he said. BROCKPORT, N.Y.-All that glitters in New vision networks permission to televise York State athletics is not Lake Placid gold. BROCKPORT CELEBRATES 150 YEARS BY HOST hidden or "closed" captions along with There's also gold to be won in the 1979 , ING THE SPECIAL 0LYMPICS the video portions of their TV International Summer Special Olympics, to (By Celia Viggo) programing. be held Aug. 8-13 a.t the State University To observe its 150th birthd·aY this year, The closed captioning system operates College at Brockport, about 20 miles west the village of Brockport (20 miles southwest by the placing of encoded visual sub of Rochester. of Rochester; population 8,000) is going to titles on line 21 of the TV vertical blank The Ga.mes, for the mentally retarded, is make some new history for itself even while ing interval-a portion of the screen that the world's second largest officially designat celebrating its pa.st. All the usual plans a.re ed Olympic event. It's purpose is to contrib does not ordinarily contain a televised in place: a commemorative booklet, tours picture. The encoded caption material is ute to the physical, social and psychological of historic homes, summer sidewalk sales, a development of the participants. gala ball. But besides all this, Brockport is transmitted by the TV station along with "It's a little frustrating being known as going global by welcoming the 1979 Inter- the rest of the program. It becomes vis New York State's 'other' Olympics,'' said national Summer Special Olympics. ' ible only when decoded by a special de Peter Smits, 31, who has served a.s Ga.mes' What that means is that some 3,500 men vice incorporated into the viewer's home director for nearly three years. "Here's an tally retarded children and adults from TV receiver. Viewers with normal hear other international olympics and the ath every state and u .S. territory and from 35 letes in our Ga.mes are no less athletes than ing; ability not using the decoders will not foreign countries will be coming to Brock be able to see the captions, nor will the a.re those going to Lake Placid." port August 8-13 for a series of competitions, About 3,500 mentally retarded athletes- teaching clinics and entertainments. The encoding disrupt normal viewing. 8 yea.rs or older with IQs of 75 o:. less-from $2.4 Inillion games (funded largely through March 23 of this year marked a his all 50 states and 36 foreign countries are ex contributions) will involve about 5,000 vol toric day for the deaf when Secretary pected to converge on this small upstate unteers and chaperons and may attract as Califano announced that ABC, NBC, and village. many as 20,000 spectators. PBS, in conjunction with the Depart "The subject of the Special Olympics has The games are a first not only for the vil been raised in Moscow and China,'' Smits ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, lage but for New York, and will be the first initiated a new program for the caption added. to be honored by a commemorative Special All three national television networks are Olympics stamp, to be issued August 9. All ing of television programing. Committing bidding for the 1979 Ga.mes. The 1975 edi of the events will be held on the 591-acre a sizable sum of money, these three tion, held a.t Central Michigan University, campus of the State University College at companies will spend $250,000 each for was telecast on the CBS Sports Spectacular. Brockport, with its impressively well equipment to transmit the captioned Events in the $2.5 million Olympics include equipped athletic complex. track and field, swimming and diving, gym signal and nearly $500,000 a year for cap nastics, basketball, volleyball, bowling, floor But the vmage as well as the college is tioning 5 hours of prime time program and poly hockey and wheelchair races. heavily involved in the event. Residents ing per week. As both HEW and the net Smits said there are no losers in the Spe found it a moving experience to observe two works recognize, the broadcasting of only cial Olympics. previous state-level meets held at the col 5 hours of captioned programing is just lege. Under the affa.ble prodding of Tom "In this Olympics, everybody's a winner,'' Martin, a. former Brockport drama professor the beginning of a far more energetic and said the 31-year-old assistant to Brockpm-t who now manages an insurance agency, vil ambitious plan to provide this form of State President Albert w. Brown. "It's not lagers help staff no fewer than 65 planning broadcasting for the deaf and hearing whether you win or lose, it's that you try. cominittees, some of which have been at impaired. These three networks have "That's the heart and soul of the pro work for the pa.st two years. now committed themselves to this en gram,'' said the indefatigable Smits. According to Peter N. Smits, international deavor and they are to be commended. More than 400 volunteers are working on games director, the point of it all is ex Conspicuously missing, however, is the the project. pressed in the underlying theme of the participation of one of the largest and "We started out with an eight-man steer g.ames: "Be all you can become." Whether ing committee and now we've reached these you're handicapped or not, he observes, your most influential of the television net proportions," Smits said. Another 3,500 goal should be to use a.11 your potential, works, CBS. Citing the cost and uncer "helpers" will work as judges, timers, referees and that's the spirit of the Special tain success of the HEW sponsored pro and scorers once the Games begin. Olympics.e gram, CBS has chosen not to invest any June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16205 money toward the purchasing of caption also enlisted the support and the par That was a powerful incentive to a.void any transmitting equipment and the network ticipation of the ~gs Point community great commitment to it. has made a conscious decision not to in helping the museum to gain its objec But economic uncertainty has also slowed broadcast any closed captioned program tive through her unbounded enthusiasm. progress. To the great surprise of the utilities, the country's consumption of electric power ing. For a network that broadcasts such It was truly inspiring to see how the en is no longer rising as fast as it used to. That's popular shows as "Sixty Minutes," "All tire community was mobilized to work conservation of the most useful and bene in the Family," and "The Waltons,'' I together on this worthwhile project. ficial kind. But, with demand far below their cannot understand how CBS executives It is truly amazing how Mrs. Seeger expectations and a recession probably com can justify ignoring a potential audience accomplished all this in such a short ing, the utilities have grown more cautious of nearly 14 million deaf and hearing period of time as the 2 years that it took than ever about embracing large construc impaired viewers. her to attain the goal. She is certainly tion programs. From an economic standpoint, I would an inspiration to us all. Her persistent At this point, the government has to end not think CBS's position makes any sense the uncertainty. It has to tell the utiilties devotion to this goal and her subsequent that it will be in their own interest, as well at all. From a humanitarian and public accomplishment is most praiseworthy. as the nation's, for them to move rapidly service standpoint, it makes no sense. Mrs. Seeger is most certainly an ex and steadily toward greater use of coal. Tax The amount of money it would cost is ceptional individual. Her untiring devo cuts and other subsidies on a substantial little more than it takes to film a single tion, energy, and leadership has estab scale would be justified to get a fast response. episode of "All in the Family." I am told lished an institution on Long Island Coal generates about 44 percent of the coun that CBS is conducting its own research which is a very significant contribution try's electricity, compared with 17 percent efforts into captioning equipment ·that for oil and 14 percent for natural gas. (The and one which will enrich not only the rest is nuclear and hydroelectric power.) may, in the long run, prove more flex Merchant Marine Academy, but also ible in providing ditferent kinds of cap Public policy now needs to push ha.rd to Long Island, New York State, and our replace that oil a.nd gas with coal, by con tioning on TV. For example, CBS is try Nation.• verting those oil- and gas-fl.red plants that ing to design a system that will be capa are oa.p81ble of it, a.nd by buying the rest into ble of transmitting entire pages of print early retirement. It will take a lot of money, ed material on the screen. But whether DOMESTIC ENERGY RESOURCES both public and private. But when you con and when they will succeed is very un sider the costs of severe and repeated oil clear. shortages and disruptions, the price of coal CBS should become an active partici HON. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR. conversion begins to seem entirely reason pant With the other networks in the OF PENNSYLVANIA able.e initial stages of captioning. In the event IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CBS is successful in unveiling its own new technology, so much the better. Thursday, June 21, 1979 IDA NUDEL HAS BEEN IN EXn.,E IN I would urge my colleagues to join with e Mr. CLINGER. Mr. Speaker, I would SIBERIA FOR 1 YEAR me in commending ABC, NBC, and PBS like to bring my colleagues' attention to for their efforts to provide closed-tele an insightful editorial which appeared HON. JACK F. KEMP vision captioning and urging CBS to be in the June 21 issue of the Washington OF NEW YORK come an active participant along with Post, regarding an issue of great concern the other networks in providing this to our constituents. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES needed public service for the deaf and The editorial emphasizes the urgent Thursday, June 21, 1979 hearing handicapped.• necessity for the Government to provide •Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, in commem incentives for national utility companies oration of the first anniversary of the to convert to greater use of coal. In light exile of Ida Nude! to Siberia, Ambassador of the recent oil shortage fostered by our Dobrynin has been petitioned to cut TRIBUTE TO MRS. BEVERLY overdependence on foreign sources, I feel short her 4-year sentence and permit her SEEGER it is essential that we work toward de to join her sister in Israel. The telegram, veloping and utilizing our domestic en sent by the Congressional Wives for So ergy resources. I urge all members of viet Jewry, an amliate of the National HON. LESTER L. WOLFF Congress to read this enlightening editor OF NEW YORK Conference on Soviet Jewry which my ial and carefully consider how we can wife Joanne cochairs, reminds Ambas IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES help this Nation emciently convert to a sador Dobrynin of the frustration which Thursday, June 21, 1979 greater use of coal. led Ida Nude! to place a sign on her bal • Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I am very The article follows: cony asking the KGB to give her a visa to pleased to bring before the Congress the THE FAST WAY TO MORE FuEL leave the Soviet Union after 7 years of outstanding · achievement of one of my The fastest and most direct way to ex being denied permission to emigrate to constituents-Mrs. Beverly Seeger of pand American energy supplies is to begin, Israel. This act earned her the title Kings Point, Long Island, N.Y. Mrs. See forcefully, to shift oil-burning power plants "malicious hooligan", as well as a 4-year to coal. That strategy is second only to con period o.f exile in remote Siberia. ger, through her dedication and devo servation in the speed with which it could tion, is directly responsible for estab make a real difference in a tightening fuel Ida Nude! has the dubious distinction lishing the American Merchant Marine shortage. Making synthetic fuels out of coal of being the only woman prisoner of con Academy Museum in Kings Point. is very much worth doing, for the long term, science in the Soviet Union, and as such, The purpose of the Merchant Marine but synthetics can't contribute much before the Congressional Wives for Soviet Jewry Museum is to house rare memorabilia the late 1980's. In contrast, burning more have taken a special interest in her case. depicting this country's illustrious his coal to generate power could free perhaps 1 Through Joanne's involvement in this tory and the role that the merchant million barrels of oil a day-the equivalent group I have been made aware of the of the present national oil shortage-within harassment and discrimination Ida suf marine played in it. This museum is a five years. The coal strategy is an obvious valuable cultural and historical institu choice, but it has been proceeding very slow fered throughout the long years of un tion and one that is greatly appreciated. ly. Why? successful petitioning for an exit visa, The Merchant Marine Academy as well One reason is uncertainty over environ and having had the pleasure of meeting as all visitors to the museum will greatly mental rules. Congress intended to rewrite with her sister, Ilana Fridman, I have benefit from it. the Clean Air Act in 1977, but got bogged come to know of the poor conditions un Mrs. Seeger took on the difficult proj down in a long quarrel that lasted until late der which she is now forced to live in ect of establishing this museum because 1978. Then the new law left the key decision Siberia. she recognized the need for such a on power plant standards to the Environ I especially credit Ilana's diligent ef mental Protection Agency, and the final rul worthy institution. She was dedicated to ing appeared only this month. Perhaps these forts in Ida's behalf as being so instru her goal and worked assiduously toward delays were inevitable. Coal smoke is toxic, mental in garnering support for her sis its attainment. She travelled extensively and requires careful regulation. But during ter's plight, and also heartily commend in the United States and Europe to pro that long debate, the utiilties had no way the work which the National Conference mote the museum and gain support. She of knowing what it would cost to use coal. on Soviet Jewry and the Congressional 16206 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 Wives for Soviet Jewry are going to keep reunited with his family in Israel, he National Organization for Women; Na people informed of what is being done to expresses his gratitude for my efforts, tional Women's Studies Association; those who have expressed their desire to and for those of other Members of Con Project on Equal Education Rights; Sociologists for Women in Society; leave the Soviet Union, whether they gress who supported his cause. Wider Opportunities for Women; have been labeled dissidents or not. Mr. Speaker, the keystone to success Women's Equity Action League; I urge all of my colleagues to join in lies in patience, and persistence. We, my WEAL, Educational and Legal Defense this effort in behalf of Ida Nude! and her colleagues, must continue to bombard the Fund; Women's Legal Defense Fund, fellow prisoners of conscience. We must Russians with our demands that the So Inc.e not let up our strong representation of viet regime live up to its promises made their interests, for I truly believe that in 1975 in signing the Helsinki accords. only our continuing pressure on Soviet The Soviet Union agreed then, in a most A PRIZED INSTITUTION authorities will keep the immigration solemn ceremony, that it would not deny levels high and convince them of our the right of any individual to be united commitment to the release of all those with his or her family in another coun HON. GUY VANDElt JAGT Soviet citizens whose desire it is to leave try. The Soviet Union is violating the OF MICHIGAN the Soviet Union. Ilana Fridman can be Helsinki accords at this very moment by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES contacted at Nakhlat Yehuda, Rishon denying Ida Nudel the right to join her Thursday, June 21, 1979 Lezion, Israel, and she, as well as the na family in Israel. And, it is heaping vio ti.onal conference and the Congressional lation upon violation by denying thou • Mr. VANDER J•AGT. Mr. Speaker, I Wives for Jewry, would be grateful for sands of other Soviet Jews the right to would like to bring to my colleague's your SUPPOrt for this extremely impor practice the religion of their choice in the attention a commendable article which tant cause, as would I and Ida Nudel, country of their choice. appeared on the front page of the Detroit whose 3 remaining years in exile loom Let us mark this first anniversary of News, Detroit, Mich., on June 19, 1979. large with no assurance of an exit visa the sentencing of Ida Nudel as is being This article describes the merits of the at the end of that time.• done in the Anatoly Shcharansky Garden Muskegon correctional facility, a unique in Hempstead, Long Island, N.Y., where and successful State prison system lo the Long Island Committee for Soviet cated in Muskegon, Mich. Jewry is holding a rally on behalf of Ms. The Muskegon correctional facility has ANNIVERSARY OF SENTENCING OF Nude!, by pledging anew our devotion to proven to be superlative in three areas in IDA NUDEL the cause of human rights. Let the word particular. The first being elimination of go straight to the highest omce in the problems typical in comparable facilities: HON. NORMAN F. LENT Kremlin: Mr. President Brezhnev, we will homosexuality, crime, and peer pressure. never rest, we will never cease our de The inmates are encouraged to get in OF NEW YORK mands, until you and your regime grant volved in activities that do not empha IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES size a "tough guy" attitude. full human rights to Ida Nudel and every The second area which makes the Thursday, June 21, 1979 Soviet citizen. And, Mr. Speaker, let the Muskegon facility stand out is the re1a o Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, I wish to call word go straight to the highest omce in tionship between the community and the to the attention of my colleagues the fact the Kremlin that we know we shall be prison. A successful effort has been made that this date marks the first anniversary victorious.• to blend the prison and its inmates into of the sentencing of Ida Nudel, one of the community and surrounding area, the many Soviet Jews suffering from the under special circumstances. Muskegon cruel oppression of the Soviet regime. STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION County residents welcomed the establish She is currently serving a 4-year term TO H.R. 2444 ment of the correctional facility and now of internal exile in Siberia. Her "crime?" it provides jobs for 200 residents. The Publicly expressing her desire to emi community has done more than just ac grate to Israel to join her family. For HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL commodate the facility, as they have this, the harsh "justice" of the Soviets OF NEW YORK placed schools, jobs, and recreation at found her guilty of "malicious hooligan IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the facility's disposal. ism" and sentenced her to exile. Earlier The third area which deserves com this year, Mr. Speaker, I adopted Ida Thursday, June 21, 1979 mendation is the establishment of re Nudel as my Fourth Congressional Dis e Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, I habilitation programs "that go beyond trict's "prisoner of conscience" at the would like to bring to the attention of mere correction to help inmates discover suggestion of Mrs. Lynn Singer, president Members of the House the recently issued their personal worth and learn civic re of the Long Island Committee for Soviet "Statement of Opposition," to H.R. 2444, sponsibilities and careers outside crime." Jewry, whose dedicated efforts have done the Department of Education bill, made A continual educational emphasis is so much to further the cause of human by a group of 16 prominent women's placed on the importance of familial ties. rights. organizations: It is my opinion that the Muskegon Each week, I have written letters to NATIONAL COALITION FOR WOMEN AND GIRLS IN correctional facility and Muskegon Soviet omcials demanding that Ms. Nudel EDUCATION County should be highly commended for be released from her sentence and per JUNE 19, 1979. their creation of a truly exemplary in mitted to be reuniteci with her family in DEAR MEMBER OF CONGRESS: The Walker, stitution. For your reference, I should Ashbrook, and Skelton amendments have Israel. These weekly demands will con like to include in the RECORD a copy of a converted H.R. 2444 into anti-civil rights tinue until Ms. Nudel is released from legislation. news article from the Detroit News re her cruel and unnecessary punishment. The undersigned organizations participat garding this matter. Mr. Speaker, I am confident that wel ing in the National Coalition for Women The article follows: come event will come about. I am certain and Girls in Education therefore urge the MUSKEGON PRISON MORE LIKE A DORM defeat of the b111. that the words we speak here in the Con (By Norman Sinclair) Sincerely, gress; the letters we send to the Soviet American Association of University MusKEGON.-The prison here has all the leaders do have an effect, although they Women; Association !or Intercollegi good things that are missing in the aged, may never be answered directly. For ate Athletics for Women; Federal Edu o0vercrowded penitentiaries elsewhere in nearly 4 years, I wrote weekly letters to cation Project of the Lawyer's Com Michigan. It is more than e. lockup-it is a various Russian omcials on behalf of my mittee for Civil Rights Under Law; retraining school adopted by the community first "prisoner of conscience," Hillel But League of Women Voters or the United that surrounds it. man, with never so much as an acknowl States; National Assooiation for Girls The cellblock·s-low-roofed, modern build edgement. Yet, 2 months ago came the and Women in Sport; National Coun ings-blend into a grove of dogwoods, elms, cil of Administrative Women in Edu .maples and pines. A long, curving driveway welcome word that Hillel had been re cation; National Council of Jewish leads to the administration building. leased from his prison sentence and per Women; National Federation of Busi Only a 12-foot-high fence and a glassed-in mitted to emigrate to Israel. And, in a ness and Professional Women's Clubs, watchtower betray the building's true iden letter from Hillel himself, now happily Inc.; tity. June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16207 Here at the Muskegon Correctional Fa them and everyone dined on steak and pota William Jackson, dressed in red running cility, the prison system showcases what it toes. The prison band played for a dance shorts, blue T-shirt and $35 jogging shoes, !eels prisons should be-places that go be that followed welcoming talks by prison offi hardly resembles the Farmington heroin yond mere correction to help inmates dis cials and words of encouragement to main addict who was convicted of armed robbery cover their personal worth and learn civic tain strong family ties. in July, 1975. responsibility and careers outside crime. The new $4.2-million community building He runs five miles every day, sings in the The re<'!. brick walls of Jackson State will include classrooms, a 300-seat auditori gospel choir and plays guitar in the prison Prison, the state's most populous facility, um, a gymnasium and weight room and an band. He is also editor of the prison news and the gray walls of the penitentiary at auto repair shop. It is financed by a federal paper, The Factor. Marquette, where hardcore criminals are grant. He rebuffs any suggestion that he is drum segregated, effectively cut off inmates from Even after the building is completed, Wells beating for the prison administration. tho outside world. intends to continue sending !nm.ates outside "I am not trying to suck socks. I know the But the Muskegon facility melds into the the walls to mix with the community. programs here a.re working," he said. landscape and, more importantly, into the Eighty inmates are enrolled in vocational Supt. H. Gary Wells said the "primary community around it. programs, 200 in high school and 100 in part mission" of the institution is "to assist resi "Sometimes it's hard to remember where time college programs. dents to become more responsible." you are," said Alfred Bryant, a 24-year-old "The key to motivating the residents (in He said the relaxed setting of the prison is Detroiter serving a 2- to 20-year term for mates) is to have an educational program a "deliberate attempt by the administration dealing in heroin. "It's not like being in that is reality-oriented," said Joseph A. to provide an atmosphere where change can prison at all." Abramajtys, the prison's director of educa take place. At Jackson, electric gates, locks and paper tion. To make the program real to the in "I think we a.re achieving that goal here," work help the staff keep track of almost 6,000 mates, Abramajtys stresses a stripped-down he said. inmates. The prime concern at Jackson and curriculum offering reading, writing a.nd Unlike many cities, Muskegon welcomed the 908-prison fac111ty at Marquette is secu arithmetic. the opportunity to ·become home to a prison. rity. Each inmate works at his own pace on in It was viewed as a new industry that would But at Muskegon the chief worry of in dividually tailored programs. Those who suc provide more tha.n 200 jobs, Wells said. The mates and staff is whether the prison's new ceed take the General Educational Develop community gratefully placed such important community building will open on schedule ment examination, passage of which is ac resources as schools, jobs and recreation at Aug. 1-in time for a social with townfolks. cepted as the equivalent of a high school the !acmty's disposal. At Jackson and Marquette, the euphe diploma. When the prison was opened in 1974, Wells misms "resident" !or convict and "officer" When an inmate masters the three R's, he staged an open house for the Muskegon resi !or "guard" or "screw" seem ludicrous. But is given other courses he can handle, Abra dents. The response was tremendous. at Muskegon, the reference to the prison majtys said, These deal with how to find a "We stopped counting after we got to 5,000 compound as the "campus" seems almost job and hold it, how to find an apartment, people," the superintendent said. There will natural. bachelor cooking, bala.ncing a check book and be another open house this September when Prisoners in Muskegon range in age from other areas that help in adjusting to life the community building is dedicated. 22 to 30 and are serving sentences with min outside prison. The president of the local Chamber of imum terms of five years or less. Also, such trades as auto body repair, Commerce confirmed the fellowship between Inmates here have keys to their cells, mechanics, electronics, welding and food the community and the prison. which look like private rooms and have regu management a.re taught. lar doors, not barred gates. Instead of open "In the vernacular, it's cool," he said. "We "We are trying to strip down the education have a good working relationship ... Prisons toilets and sinks in cells, there are large, hurdles to make the prooess more sensible to common bathrooms on each corridor. a.re like solid waste disposal fac111ties-we the inmate. There is no point at this stage in have to have them but no one wants them The cellblocks, or "living units" are iden teaching him things he won't apply outside," in their neighborhood." tified not with numbers but with names, Abrama.jtys said. suoh as Birch, Elm and Douglas, after trees Inmates a.re encouraged to join in pro in the area. Rather than tiers of bars, the Because a.bout a third of the prisoners have grams that involve the Muskegon commu two-floor interior hallways have wooden a history of a.lcohol a.nd drug abuse, drug re nity. Prisoners play in city recreational soft rails, cheerful paint schemes and television ha.b111ta.tion counseling is also offered. ball and basketball leagues. Fifty are bussed rooms. Wells believes new institutions should to Muskegon Community College each day. But even Michigan's model prison suffers limit their popula,tions to 500 or 600. "That Bryant, the Detroiter, convicted of the from overcrowding. Three of the nine TV way you can have both security and reha.b111- l}eroin charge, h81d an unusual complaint rooms have been converted into dormitories. ta.tion. I feel they are dual man·ia.tes and we about life in Muskegon. He said that because Opened in 1974 and designed to house 589 in can assure the public of security while work of the la.ck of peer pressure, some inmates mates, Muskegon has 630. ing on reha.b111tating the inmate." take liberties they wouldn't dare take ill Pool and Ping-Pong tables are provided in He said the impression that other prisons Jackson or elsewhere. "Some of these guys ea.ch living unit. Phones are located on ea.ch get the older criminals is not supported by will come right up to your face and cuss you floor and inmates may call home anytlme the record. The average age of inmates in out. They know a guy doesn't want to get collect. Muskegon is 25, compared to 27 statewide. into trouble fighting here." "It's a different world here,'' said William But Muskegon does not get the violent crim Deputy Supt. Luwillus Gibson said extor Jackson, 30, who spent the first year of a inal who cannot be accommodated in a me tion is minimized by having small stores in 6Y2-to 20-year term at Jackson before be dium-security prison. The problem cases go each of the six living units. Inmates buy ing transferred to Muskegon. to Jackson and those who a.re most inclined from the store in their unit and supervisors "In Jackson the resident has no responsi toward violence to Marquette. soon know if any deals are being cut that a.re b111ty," he said. "He is told exactly where to The annual budget to operate Muskegon potentially troublesome. go, what to do. Here they encourage respon is $5,094,000. In addition, $558,000 is budgeted The prison is constructed in such a way sib111ty. They want to get you involved and for the health clinic. Wells said this breaks that there a.re no areas in which inmates can they try to give positive reinforcement to the down to $20 a day for each inmate. That com hide. So opportunities for sexual advances or residents." pares with a.lmost $15 a day !or each inmate attacks are minimized. Careful supervision The reinforcement comes in the form of at Jackson and $24-beca.use of heavy secur also helps. incentive to learn-and motivation on the ity-at Marquette. "Since each man can lock his own cell," job. Inmates interviewed s81id peer pressure, Gibson said, "he is assured of personal pri The prison band and choir conduct out crime and homosexuality-major problems at vacy. We don't allow inmates to visit ea.ch side performances, as do drama teach, in prisons like Jackson and Marquette-are vir other in their cells with the door closed. cluding a troupe of puppeteers. Some in tually nonexistent at the Muskegon fa.c111ty. "One resident can visit his buddy 1f he mates work with the organizers of the Only six cells a.re reserved for segregating wants to but he has to tell the officer on the Special Olympics, the games for the handi violent inmates. None was in use la.st week fioor who he is visiting. While they visit he capped. Some do volunteer work in a.reas when The News visited. sits on a chair in the open doorway." nursing homes. "We don't have any cliques here," said Officials say that, although Muskegon cer "I think it is of tremendous rehab111ta.tion editor-inmate Jackson. "You don't find the tainly is a model, it obviously cannot serve value to put people outside. Still, our walk same cliques putting pressure on young guys as a prototype for prisons with inmates such away rate-31 in five years-is the lowest in that you find in Jackson. Here everybody is as Marquette's. the country,'' Wells said. encouraged to get involved in activities. But much can be learned at Muskegon, To prepare inmates for life on the outside, There is none of the tough-guy macho stuff they say, and much of what works there will the administration promotes family partici here." work at Jackson and Marquette, giving re pation in various events. It recently held a Wells said jogging is more popular in habilitation more of a chance to succeed. wives appreciation night hosted by the pris Muskegon tl}an "pumping iron," the common But the concept means more brick and on's Jaycee chapter. The inmates met their term for weightlifting. That's not the case at mortar, a breakup of large prisons and in wives at the front door, pinned corsages on Jackson and Marquette. telligent planning to conserve costs.e 16208 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 MOORHEAD, MURTHA DISCUSS SYN guaranteed price contract. The Government plant sites are not environmental disaster FUELS ON RADIO SHOW: QUES would buy the synthetic fuel under a com areas. They are surrounded by corn fields, petitive bidding system. At the time of deUv pastures and villages. The air is clean. You TIONS AND ANSWERS ON HOW ery, 1! the market price for the synthetic asked 1! this is so, why didn't the United H.R. 3930 WOULD OPERATE fuel is lower than the contract price, the States get moving earlier. The answer ls Government would have the option of refus simple. We made a mistake. Previous Admin ing delivery. But if it did so, it would have to istrations decided to bypass existing tech HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD pay the company the difference or spread be nology and try to build what are called sec OF PENNSYLVANIA tween the market price and the contract ond and third-generation plants. Given IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES price. This, of course, would cost the Govern enough time and money, I am sure we could ment money. However, 1! the market price come up with advanced plants superior to Thursday, June 21, 1979 is higher than the contract price, the Gov anything in the world. However, the plain • Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. ernment would save a substantial amount of truth is money and time are running out. Mr. Speaker, yesterday I had the pleas taxpayers' funds. I'm also afraid we have tried too hard to MuRTHA.-One critic of this b1ll charges manage a shortage and not to overcome one. ure to record a radio show with my that it really has the Government getting MURTHA.-I've heard there are environ very good friend JACK MURTHA, a fel into the oil industry, and that if this was mental problems with making synthetic low Pennsylvanian, and an important such a good idea, private industry would do fuels. Is that true? member of our delegation. it itself. How do you feel about that criti MooRHEAD.-I'm sure there were at one The subject of the show was H.R. cism? time. But the chemical engineers who design 3930, my synthetic fuels legislation, MooaHEAD.-Well, of course, that critic these plants have taken the criticisms and which is scheduled for :floor considera doesn't know what he's talking about. Under fears of environmentalists to heart. The our legislation, the b1ll is designed so that plants now on the drawing boards feature tion next week. both closed water and gaseous emission sys In preparation for the show, JACK private industry would build these plants and pay for them. Their cost is tremendous. tems. The water is recycled and as it evapo submitted his questions to me and I For example, one 50,000 barrel-a-day coal to rates is replenished from time to time. The prepared written answers. gasoline plant would cost ·between $1.5 bil gases are also re<:ycled in the processing sys The actual transcript will show that lion and $2 b1llion. When you have a foreign tem. Those gases not used are subjected to my answers differ little from the simu cartel setting an artificial price !or oil up or more complete combustion reducing pollut lated transcript which I now will put down, that's quite a gamble for any private ants or even made into by-products. Sulphur, in the RECORD for informational pur company. The Government minimum price for example, is an important and necessary guarantee contained in our b1ll gives private element for many of our fertilizers to grow poses. needed farm products. The Murtha questions and my pre companies and investors the necessary con fidence to build these plants in America. As for the end product, the synthetic fuel, pared answers provide interesting as Each plant would provide 20,000 jobs on site it is environmentally superior to natural well as educational reading for those and in various support activities-all in fuels in the marketplace because so many Members who want additional informa America. Keeping b1llions of dollars home in contaminants such as sulphurous lead have tion about the way H.R. 3930 will work stead of sending them overseas wm strength been removed. The environmental benefits and what it contemplates in the way of en our currency and fight inflation. Frankly, from these cleaner synthetic fuels are diftl I see only two situations where the Govern cult to measure in dollars and cents, but I energy independence for our Nation. believe they are substantial. I would like to include this simulated ment might be forced to build synthetic fuel MURTHA.-There are a lot of energy ideas 1! exchange in the RECORD at this time, plants. The fiMt would be private industry around, but few quick solutions. If Congress and again thank my good friend for the fails to respond, and I think that's quite adopts this idea, how long are we looking at unlikely. The second is what I call the "worst before the technology could make a signifi opportunity to be his guest. case" situation. If one or more of our major The transcript follows: cant contribution? oil suppliers-say in the Middle East or MooRHEAD.-I think we will see results RADIO SHOW Africa--cut off or drastically reduced our oil coming in a few short years. Alcohol will MURTHA.-Blll, let's start by my asking you imports, the Government might have to build probably come on first and quite rapidly to describe for our listeners exactly what we many of these plants very quickly. We had because of the smaller capital investments mean when we talk about "synthetic fuels"? to do this once before during World War II needed. Many small plants should be built MooaHEAD.-Thanks Jack, I'll be very to develop and produce synthetic rubber. all over the country. Look for more gasohol happy to answer that. In our bill, synthetic Even so, the Government got back almost 97 with better mileage for your car, better en fuels mean any fuel which is not made from percent of its investment when it sold the gine performance from the higher octane and petroleum or conventional natural gas. The plants to private industry. much less harmful hydrocarbon emissions. whole idea is to reduce our dependence on MuaTHA.-WhMi would the cost of this pro The fuels from coal and shale will start to foreign oil imports. We are talking about gram be to the government? enter the marketplace in four to five years. synthetic fuels made from coal, oil shale, MooaHEAD.-lt might cost the taxpayer lit Remember, all of the first 600,000 barrels of peat, tar sands, surplus grain and even gar tle or nothing. As we all know, the price of synthetics a day will be earmarked for de bage, just to name a few. Most of these would imported oil is going up by leaps and bounds. fense needs, but this will create an immedi be converted into liquid fuels because that's Synthetic fuels are likely to track those in ate offset in the domestic civilian market what our big need is now. But gaseous and creases and a crossover in price competitive because that's where the military now gets solid fuels are also included. ness between synthetics and petroleum is ex its fuel. The armed services draw fuel from MURTHA.-What processes could use coal pected within a few short years. What this the same supply as you and all our listeners to produce synthetic fuels? How would coal means is that guaranteed prices set by the do. Synthetic fuels under our bill will free fit into this process? Government under competitive bids are greater supplies over time for everyone. MooRHEAD.-Coal is very important in this likely to be exceeded by market prices at Someday, I deeply believe that all of us who picture. We can convert coal into gasoline for future delivery dates. In that event, the Gov supported this legislation will be able to look our cars-high, medium and low-Btu gas for ernment would pay no subsidy and indeed back and say we helped to attain America's our industry and home heating-and even save money in its fuel purchases. Even so, energy independence. I think it's quite ap clean-burning liquids to generate electricity. we would authorize $2 b1llion 1! we had to propriate that the House vote on this bill will MURTHA.-With today's technology, how keep our commitment to protect industry come just before the Fourth of July, our much coal are we talking about? Would this against losses stemming from a lower market Independence Day. It will also be a message create a significant new market for coal? price. But at least, 1! this did happen-and to the OPEC cartel meeting next week that MooRHEAD.-This legislation would create I don't think it will-the money would be America is determined to achieve that energy a major new market for coal. Production going to American companies and American lndependence.e might have to be increased 25 percent over workers instead of overseas. If we had to the next 10 to 15 years. For example, our bill build Government plants, I think we would calls for a national production goal of 600,000 eventually recover most of that investment IDA NUDEL barrels of synthetic fuels a day. If all of as we did on synthetic rubber following this was made from coal, we would need an World War II. additional 132 mllllon tons of coal a year. MURTHA.-South Africa already makes HON. HEN·RY A. WAXMAN MURTHA.-Would you tell our listeners ex gasoline from coal, and in World War II sim ilar technology was used. Is the technology OF CALIFORNIA actly how your bill-which I've cospon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sored-provides a stimulus for developing really that far advanced, and if it is, why synthetic fuels? · haven't we moved a lot faster on synthetic Thursday, June 21, 1979 MooRHEAD.-0! course, Jack, and I want fuels? you to know I'm honored to have you as a MooRHEAD.-It ls true, Jack. My Subcom- • Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, today, co-sponsor of this legislation. The major mlttee sent investigators to South Africa to June 21, 1979, marks the first anniver Government incentive in this bill is the inspect those plants. They work and the sary of Ida Nudel's exile to a filthy, des- June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16209 picable prison colony a few kilometers ing political settlement. The death of any redtape. It provides for a phased from the tiny Siberian village of Kri reporter Bill Stewart is one more tragedy termination of the tax credit-or a sun vosheyno. in what has emerged as a tragic conflict. set-when shale oil production costs Known as the "Guardian Angel" of the I fully support a State Department equate costs of domestic petroleum. other Jewish prisoners of conscience in communique demanding a report by the Such a credit is necessary because the the Soviet Union, Ida first applied to Nicaraguan Government concerning the technology for the commercial scale is emigrate to Israel in 1971. Repeatedly grievous incident, and must condemn new. The first facilities for shale oil pro detained and interrogated by the secret President Somoza for inciting his forces duction will be pioneer plants enabling police, her frustration grew with each to such action in deeming the foreign large-scale production when needed. successive refusal of her visa application. press in Nicaragua as part of an "in Estimates of the capital investment Finally, a year ago she placed a sign on ternational Communist conspiracy." This required to open a shale oil facility range her apartment balcony which read: sort of incitement by a supposedly re from $130 million for a 10,000 barrel-a "KGB give me my visa." That defiant act sponsible head of state has no place in day plant to $1.3 billion for a plant pro led to her trial, conviction, and 4-year dealing with the international commu ducing 50,000 barrels per day. If we are exile for the "crime" of "malicious hoo nity. going to see private investments of this liganism." My deepest sympathies must go to the magnitude, the Government's role must Ida Nudel has been refused permis deceased's wife and family, and his col be to provide fair and needed economic sion to emigrate for longer than any leagues at ABC. The murder of Bill incentive. A production tax credit pro other Soviet citizen. Her simple deter Stewart, callous and coldblooded, will vides that incentive doing so for minimal mination to live in freedom in Israel has not be forgotten.• or no cost to the Government and our been the cause of her persecution by the taxpayers. Soviet Government: Her exile is ample This credit must be earned through testament to the Soviet Union's flagrant SHALE OIL PRODUCTION TAX oil production only after large private in violations of the Helsinki Final Act. INCENTIVE ACT OF 1979 vestment. In the next 5 to 10 years, this On this day, let us rededicate our ef private investment is expected to reach forts to secure her freedom. The Soviet HON. ED JENKINS $4 to $6 billion. The tax base associated Government must be continually urged OF GEORGIA with this domestic productivity will pay to release Ida Nudel from exile and allow American tax revenues. It will not be a her to join her sister in Israel.• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES funds drain for importation of decreas Thursday, June 21, 1979 ing supplies of foreign oil at cartel prices. TRIBUTE TO BILL STEWART e Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I am I fear that without a governmental policy today introducing legislation which will today there will be no timely shale oil enable the United States to take the development and no import reductions, HON. LAWRENCE COUGHLIN necessary action to increase our energy but only a continuing drain of dollars to OF PENNSYLVANIA supplies, redu::e dependence on foreign other countries and loss of U.S. revenue, IN THE ROUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES oil and bolster our national security. jobs, and productivity. I believe that the The bill I am introducing will enable the approach in this bill will produce an eco Thursday, June 21, 1979 development of commercial shale oil nomic benefit for this country. e Mr. COUGHLIN. Mr. Speaker, I would production. · The production credit will phase out in like to join the rest of my colleagues in When we convened the 96th Congress, increments of one-half dollar as the expressing sorrow upon the tragic death we were confronted by an increase in world price for oil rises and meets the of correspondent Bill Stewart, brutally OPEC oil prices and supply disruptions current costs of the shale oil. murdered in the chaos of the recently in the Middle East. Unfortunately, as we The Secretary of Defense testified be intensified Nicaraguan civil conflict. look about us today and see gasoline fore the House Ad Hoc Committee on Bill Stewart was a dedicated reporter, lines, closed service stations, the daily Energy as early as May 1977 that: working his way up to the network level news reports of shortages of fuel for our There is no more serious threat to the long after positions at local television sta farmers, truckers, and other vital seg term security of the United States and to tions in Minneapolis, Philadelphia, and ments of society, we can see too well our its allies than that which stems from the New York. He covered the civil war in vulnerability and dependence on foreign growing deficiency of secure and assured Lebanon and the revolution in Iran, in oil and the need for domestic self energy resources. which he secured an exclusive interview sufilciency. Last September, the Department of with Islamic leader Ayatollah Rolla According to Government estimates, Defense wrote the Department of Energy Khomeini. A veteran of many hazardous there are at least 1.8 trillion barrels of urging the development of a shale oil assignments, Stewart has been employed high-grade shale oil contained in the industry. In a letter dated September 12, by ABC News since 1976 as a foreign Green River formation in Colorado, 1978, the Deputy Under Secretary of De correspondent. Utah, and Wyoming. If this estimate is fense for Research and Engineering Newsman Stewart was the victim of only moderately accurate, assuming a states, the necessities of his profession, ventur traditional recovery rate of one-third of It is thus of great urgency that the De ing into the uncertainty and peril of the shale oil, it may still approach 20 partment of Energy initiate substantial pro war to report on actual conditions in a times our Nation's presently proved grams in recovery of crude oil from secure struggle tainted by the misleading propa crude oil reserves. sources such as shale oil so as to provide the feedstocks for the synthetic mobiUty fuels ganda on the part of both belligerents. In terms of sheer quantity, 600 billion industry. In the near term, DOD regards the In such situations throughout the world, barrels could support production at our development of shale oil as a most attractive the American press must be lauded for present import level, nearly 9 million alternative for military mob111ty needs and its accurate and insightful coverage in barrels per day, for nearly 200 years. therefore of vital importance to national de pursuing the true nature of cases involv Even at lower production levels, how fense, it is imperative that we immediately ing the outbreak of armed hostilities, a ever, the shale oil produced from these initiate action that will develop our tre job none too easy in this day of increas reserves will be a domestic barrel that mendous shale on resources. ingly confused and explosive interna will reduce our reliance on oil from There are many. advantages to the pro tional complications. abroad. The orderly development of a duction tax credit approach to shale de I am confident that my sentiments are shale oil production will take time, but velopment. It is clear, simple, and easy shared by my colleagues in deploring can help to free us from foreign oil to administer. It is preferable to a plan the current situation in a war-torn dependence. We must begin to encour of governmental operation. There is no Nicaragua. Civili!an casualties increase age production. requirement for governmental regula as National Guard forces indiscrimi My bill will provide a $3 per-barrel tions or a governmental bureaucracy to nately bombard urban Sandinista posi production tax credit for shale oil. It is administer the program which is im tions. A cessation of hostilities remains available to anyone who produces a bar mediate savings for the U.S. taxpayer. in the interest of all parties, in order rel of shale oil without favoring one It places a premium on aggressive de to clear the way for a just and life-sav- technology over another and without velopment, but does not seek to evade or 16210 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 alter existing environmental, land-use, or !I's courageous return to Poland. The more importantly, a willingness to work social policies. It provides an equal op Pope's journey to his native Polish home hard and a commitment to strong family portunity to any company with confi land has brought a special sense of pride, values. These talents and values were dence in a shale process, rather than a special sense of fellowship with kin freely given to the building of America. limiting entry to some company or proc folk in the ancestral homelands, and a German Day is celebrated throughout ess selected by the Government or new sense of dedication to the American our country on various dates in recogni created by law or executive regulations. ideals of religious freedom and ordered tion of the Central European immigrants At no cost to the Government, it enables liberty under law. who brought their proud heritage to a investments and employment with For the present, it is strikingly evident new land of promise and, together with benefits to the Treasury and the country. that in Poland, as elsewhere in Eastern others, built this mighty Republic. To It is not inflationary. It can reduce our Europe, the people, when given the op day I celebrate this heritage with the trade deficit and balance of payments. portunity, will express their longing for German-Americans of the greater Phila Finally, it creates a secure domestic fuel God and for a just and free society. "This delphia area.• source vital for national security. Slav Pope" has expofed the failure of This bill which I am introducing pro Soviet-style, atheistic Marxism to win vides the most logical and simple the hearts and minds of free men and MAJOR FLOOR FIGHT DESCRIBED mechanism for this Nation to tap a new women bound by history and ancient BY THE WALL STREET JOURNAL and important alternative energy re tradition to their native homelands. source regaining its energy independence As one who shares that ethnic heri and preserving our security.• tage, I am especially cognizant of the HON. JAMES WEAVER concerns of Americans of East Euro OF OREGON pean descent. I know that the Pope's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES call for civic and religious freedom, Thursday, June 21, 1979 POPE JOHN PAUL II'S VISIT TO bravely enunciated on Polish soil be POLAND hind the Iron Curtain, will find hearty • Mr. WEAVER. Mr. Speaker, as a response not only among the peoples member of both the House Agriculture of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union Committee and the House Interior Com HON. DON RITTER mittee, I have had considerable exposure OF PENNSYLVANIA but all over the world. May this renewed spiritual heritage to proposals for improving agriculture, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES also fire our own commitment in the and improving water resources in the Thursday, June 14, 1979 Lehigh Valley and through America to a West. One of the largest projects I have seen, which is purported to deal with •Mr. RITTER. Mr. Speaker, few events society in which every human being is treated with equal dignity as a child of both agriculture and water resources, is in our lives have captured the imagina the proposed giant desalting plant com tion of the world more effectively than God. We cannot fail to carry forward the flame of individual truth and freedom plex near Yuma, Ariz. the recent journey to Poland by Pope When this matter first came before the John Paul II. The impact of that visit will so bravely rekindled by John Paul II on his beloved Polish soil.• Water and Power Resources Subcommit be felt throughout the globe for many tee of the Committee on Interior and In years to come. Indeed, if the prayers of sular Affairs, I was favorably disposed to millions are fulfilled, the papal trip will it. I was told that this was a simple re prove to have been a turning point in A PROUD AND RICH HERITAGE authorization bill to meet our treaty recent history, dramatizing the yearning obligation to Mexico. This perception was of peoples everywhere for religious free dramatically changed after I heard the dom and human rights. It may be too HON. CHARLES F. DOUGHERTY testimony of my friend and colleague early to fully assess the significance of OF PENNSYLVANIA from California, GEORGE BROWN, who not the Pope's bold words and deeds, but we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES only clarified what the legislation was can already see how he has given fresh about, but documented that alternatives courage to nations and peoples long op Thursday, June 21, 1979 existed for the United States to meet its pressed. e Mr. DOUGHERTY. Mr. Speaker, I treaty obligation at much lower cost, and The worldwide reaction to the Holy would like to bring to the attention of far more permanently. Shortly after Father's sojourn in his beloved home my colleagues and the American people those hearings, the General Accounting land is evidence of the way in which an event which is to take place on Sun Office issued a major report on the Colo Catholic, Protestant, Eastern Orthodox, day, June 24, 1979. The German-Amer rado River Basin, which included specific Jew, and non-Christian alike have moved ican community in the metropolitan recommendations on the proposed Yuma toward common understanding in an at Philadelphia area will hold their Annual desalting plant which were completely mosphere of goodwill and respect. In a German Celebration Day at the United consistent with the views expressed by troubled and war-weary world, the sym German-Hungarian Club in Oakford, our colleague, GEORGE BROWN. The bot bolism of the Pope's return to Poland Pa. This day is a celebration of their tom line became that we have time to has inspired new faith, new hope, new rich and proud heritage. The proceeds consider and adopt lower coot alterna courage. of the day's activities support the Ger tives, if we have the political will to do so. Here in America these feelings are man-American Annual Von Steuben Mr. Speaker, today the Wall Street shared by .many people, but especially by Day Parade in Philadelphia. Journal carried an excellent article on those of our citizens who trace their an General Von Steuben left his native this legislation, H.R. 2609, which is shap cestry to Eastern Europe and to the Siav Germany to transfer Washington's ing up as a major floor fight later this and Magyar traditions-people who have freezing ragtag troops into a first-rate, year. I commend this article to my col learned the price of liberty through cen well-disciplined army; an army which leagues. turies of struggle: Polish Americans, soundly defeated the British and helped The article fallows: Slovak Americans, Ukrainian Americans, to give birth to a free nation. [From the Wall Street Journal, Hungarian Americans, Czech Americans, The German-American community June 21, 1979] and Croatian Americans-Americans, all has much of which to be proud. From WATER FIGHT: PLANS TO HOLD DOWN COLO each adding a distinctive cultural and the first German settler to Philadelphia RADO RIVER'S SALT CONTENT AND AVOID IRK• ethnic heritage to the rich treasure of in the latter part of the 17th century ING MEXICO ARE HIT BY RISING COSTS ou.r Nation's life. to the countless others who left their (By James M. Perry) In the Lehigh Valley, which I repre German homeland to settle throughout WASHINGTON.-The "salt agreement" with sent, the spiritual significance of John this Nation, the German-Americans Mexico is facing big problems. Paul II's visit has uplifted the lives of have contributed much to the growth of "It is in trouble," says the General Ac counting Office in a highly critical report to all, most especially those of us who share these United States. These immigrants Congress. It needs to be "reassessed," say the rich cultural and ethnic heritage brought with them their skills as crafts five members of a congressional committee, made known to the world by John Paul men and entrepreneurs, scientists, and because of runaway costs Mld because no June 2·2, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16211 one is certain the new and untested tech directed to examine "technological improve MURDER OF BILL STEWART WILL nology will work. ments" in the design of desalting plants. Forget the technology, fumes Democratic But, the committee cautions, that evaluation DARKEN THE HISTORY OF NIC Rep. George Brown of California. "Plant shouldn't in any way delay construction. ARAGUA guayule and jojoba." The committee's five dissenting members The problem has nothing to do with stra followed the GAO's line and argued that a HON. MARTIN FROST tegic weapons. The problem is the Colorado series of alternatives should be studied be River and all the salty water that it soon fore construction begins. OF TEXAS may be dumping (once again) on America's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mexican neighbors-and just when the U.S. When the bill gets to the House floor soon, the five dissenters will be joined by Thursday, June 21, 1979 wlll be wooing them for some of their oil California Rep. Brown, who is angrier about and gas. the project than anyone else, even though • Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, the Nation It began in 1944, when, in a treaty, the he isn't a member of the Interior Commit and the world have witnessed the dra U.S. agreed to deliver 1.5 milllon acre-feet tee. He expects to lead the fight to defeat matic films of the senseless, deliberate, of Colorado River water annually to Mexico. desalting. (An acre-foot is the amount of water that and brutal execution of ABC Television would cover an acre of land a foot deep.) TURKEY IN THE DESERT? correspondent Bill Stewart at the hands But nothing was said about the quality of Why? "My parents were 'desert farmers,' of a Nicaraguan National Guard soldier. the water. By 1972, Mexico was hopping mad and I've been interested in desert agricul As a former reporter in Washington, about the salt-partly from U.S. land drain ture all of my life," Rep. Brown says. "I D.C., the Dallas-Fort Worth area, and age in the water, and it.s president com wouldn't have tried to upset the Interior plained to President Nixon. other parts of the United States, I share Department's apple cart except that so many the anxiety and grief of members of HUGE DESALTING PLANT of my friends back home in the district scientists and engineers-told me the proj the press relative to the protection of The next year, the U.S. reached an agree ect was a. turkey." foreign correspondents while covering ment with Mexico to take stern measures to reduce the salinity of the water being de- Mr. Brown asks a. basic question: "Why foreign news events, and the loss of this 11 vered south of the border, and Congress should water from the Colorado River be brilliant correspondent's life. passed legislation to get on with the job. used to irrigate these districts at all?" President Carter, through proper dip The law authorized corustruction of a huge The Wellton-Mohawk district, he says, ls lomatic pressures and investigations, desalting plant near Yuma, Ariz. The plant, 130 farms spread a.cross 65,000 acres. "Half should determine if this murder was at 10 times larger than any desalting facility of the land is in cotton, which ls in surplus the direction of the Somoza government in the world and 100 times bigger than any (some farmers are paid not to plant it). in this country, would process 96 million Much of the rest is in alfalfa, which is a or simply the act of a single soldier. gallons of water a day. huge consumer of water. Arizona. is a desert; Whether the execution-murder is Until recently, there wasn't any rush to it wasn't meant to be a. Garden of Eden for that of Bill Stewart or of Novedades col move ahead on the plant. The chief problem the raising of all these crops,'' he declares. umnist Pedro Pablo Espinoza, the his back in 1972 was the Wellton-Mohawk Irri (He insists that his native California's Im tory of the nation of Nicaragua has been gation and Drainage District in Arizona, perial Valley, whleh also draws water from darkened for decades to come. which was sending its salty drainage down the Colorado, is different. "The land," he the Colorado to farms in Mexico. That crilSis says, "is richer and, besides, it has an earlier I extend our deepest sympathy to Mrs. was overcome, temporarily at least, by divert entitlement to Colorado River water." Bill Stewart on behalf of the citizens of ing the Wellton-Mohawk drainage to the But if farmers insist on growing crops in the United States.• Gulf of California. the desert, Rep. Brown argues, "they should But other immense projects to make first learn to apply higher standards of irri Western deserts bloom are moving along gation practice-like lining the ditches With the Central Utah Project, the Central Ari concrete and not letting pest plants use the VANCE EXPLAINS ADMINISTRA zona Project, Dallas Creek, and more--and water." TION'S RHODESIAN POLICY the drainage from all the freshly irrigated He gets around, finally, to his favorite land soon wlll be rolling down the Colorado subject-growing true desert plants such as towards Mexico. guayule (pronounced gwa-YOO-lee) and jo HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ To do something about it, the House In joba (pronounced ho-HO-ba), which don't OF NEW YORK terior Committee is rushing to the floor leg need much water a.nd can tolerate lot.s of islation that would authorize the spending salt, instead of cotton and alfalfa.. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of $356.4 million for the big desalting plant "Indians ha.ve been making rubber balls Thursday, June 21, 1979 and "related features"-an increase of $201.2 out of guayule for hundreds of years,'' says mlllion from the original authorization five Mr. Brown, warming to the subject. "Back in • Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, last week years ago. The plant has Interior Depart the early 1930s, a. young Army major named the House Foreign Affairs Committee, ment support. Dwight Eisenhower surveyed the possibill continuing our careful consideration of But critices, such as the GAO, Congress' ties of guayule and recommended we grow it the question of Rhodesian sanctions, official watchdog agency, attack the eco commercially He predicted our supply of heard testimony from Secretary of State nomics of the plant, which is expected to natural rubber would be cut off during a salvage about half the drainage water flow Cyrus Vance concerning the adminis war. It was. Now, with the energy situation, tration's Rhodesia policy. In his pre ing through the area. "The desalting plant," we have trouble getting oil to make syn the GAO says, "is costing at least $178 mil thetic rubber. Guayule is out t.here waiting pared remarks to the committee, Secre lion in construction costs plus $14 million in to be dev.eloped." tary Vance elaborated upon a number of (annual) operation and maintenance costs JOJOBA'S USES critical points wnich the House must not to save 88,000 acre-feet of water each year." ignore as we deliberate upon whether to The GAO calculates the cost to be about And jojoba, Mr. Brown says, produces oil. $338 an acre-foot. Even then, the plant's "It grows wild right now in the desert, and lift or maintain our economic sanctions technology may not achieve the desalting it's harvested by the Indians. It's like sperm against Zimbabwe-Rhodesia. Mr. Vance's goals, the GAO contends. oil. It can be used for the same purposes. So, comments on the consequences of a pre The agency suggest.s that there are less of course, it's of great interest to the save mature lifting of sanctions by the United complicated alternatives, such as replacing the-whales folks." States present some extremely cogent the salty drainage water with nondrainage Instead of building giant desalting arguments which the House should take water from other sources, that could cost as plants-he believes that the one in Yuma. into account. As the House considers little ws $3 an acre-foot. But state officials in would turn out to be merely the first of H.R. 4439, a constructive and creative the region dispute that conclusion. "The many-Mr. Brown thinks that these farms compromise solution to the question of availabillty of $3-an-acre-foot replacement should be bought out and the land leased water," the Arizona Water Commission ba.ck, with the provision that it be culti Rhodesian sanctions, I believe it would scoffs, "is a pipe dream." vated with guayule and jojoba. But backers be useful to share Secretary Vance's tes The GAO urged that financing for the of the desalting project term it the most timony with my colleagues: desalting pla.nt be deferred, at least tempo practical solution to the problem of fulfill SECRETARY VANCE'S STATEMENT, JUNE 12, 1979 rarily, while cheaper alternatives were exam ing the U.S. commitment to reduce the salt The President has now made the determi ined more closely. But the full Interior in water delivered to Mexico. nation called for by the Case-Javlts amend Committee, whose chairman is Democratic Mr. Brown, whose girth is considerable, ls ment. I a.m here today to explain that Judg Rep. Morris Udall of Arizona, where the plant interested in jojoba. for another reason. "It's ment in more detail. Let me summarize the would be built, voted the legislation any supposed to be an appetite inhibitor,'' he conclusions we have reached. way, 25 to 5. To meet the questions raised explains. "You can chew the stuff a.nd starve There has been encouraging progress in a.bout the technology, the government is to death in total co~ort."e Zimbabwe-Rhodesia. But thts progress is.not CXXV--1020-Pa.rt 13 16212 EXTENSIONS OF REMAilKS . June 22, 1979 yet sufficient to justify our lifting the sanc members of the committee know, such promises that might lead to a settlement. tions. actions a.re legally binding treaty ob British representative Cledwyn Hughes was We will coilltinue to keep the sanctions ligations of the United States. And we must sent on a mission in late 1978, accompanied issue under review. We will particularly look assume that .the Congress would would ex by U.S. Ambassador Stephen Low, to explore for movement toward a wider political pect the most rigorous and compelling pos the possib111ty of an all-parties meeting. They process and genuine majority rule. sible showing of fact when the outcome were unable to draw Mr. Smith and his col We will report on .a monthly basis to the may be to place the United States in viola leagues into any discussions of matters of Congress on the progress being made. tion of international law. substance and concluded that there was no We are convinced that the best interests of These sanctions were imposed at the re indication that the Salisbury parties would the United states would not lbe served by the quest of Great Britain, which retained sov come to an all-parties meeting prepared to lifting of sanctions now. ereignty over Rhodesia after the white mi discuss arrangements other than their own. Our challenge now is to encourage further nority regime unilaterally declared independ Certainly, responsibility for the current progress, both toward an end to discrimina ence in 1965. Britain retains today this legal crisis lies with both sides in the conflict. In tion and toward peace. and historic resuonsibility. recent months, the patriotic front has been THE STAKES INVOLVED I share the view of the Congress, which un equally unwilling to engage in serious nego Let me focus initially on the stakes in derlies the Case-Javits legislation, that pro tiations. Both sides have engaged in acts of volved. For this is not a small matter. It is gress should be recognized. And, as the Presi violence that inhibited peaceful negotiations. among the more important issues on our dent said, there has been encouraging pro Both sides have sought dominance rather foreign policy agenda. gress in Zimbabwe-Rhodesia. A step has than accommodation. Over the past several years there have been been taken away from total white control In short, we and the British reluctantly rising levels of interest in the Congress a.nd an.d toward majority rule. For the first time concluded that neither side was willing to in the country about political trends in in the history of that country, the white negotiate seriously and flexibly on all rele Mrlca. Some have stressed our growing eco minority recognized the right of the black vant issues. nomic stake in good relations with African majority vote. For the first time, millions PREREQUISITE FOR FREE ELECTIONS nations that possess many of the resources of black Rhodesians ca.s·t their ballots in a Let me turn now to the second prerequi upon which our prosperity depends. Others na tiona.l election. There ls a. black Prime site of our law-that calling for free elec empbaslze our politic.al interest in searching Minister-Bis-hop Muzorewa-a.nd a degree tions. On this part of the issue, considerable for dependable communications and under of shared power. attention has been concentrated on the size standing in the continent which holds more But while there has been progress in Zim of the turnout, the secrecy of the ballot, the than a third of the world's nations. Still babwe-Rhodesia, it is not yet sufficient, in security of the polling places, and other mat others have seen in Africa a new ground for our judgment, to satisfy the provisions of ters relating to the actual conduct of the East-West competition. the Case-Ja.vits amendment. April elections. Whatever basis for an American interest PROVISION CONCERNING THE We should and do recognize that the elec seems most compelling, there is one reality ALL-PARTIES MEETING tions were conducted in reasonably free which ought to be at the forefront of our Let me turn first to the determination re fashion under the circwnstances. Observers deliberations. It ls this: Our work for peace garding an all-parties meeting. Such a meet reported that the privacy of the poll1ng booth ful change in southern Africa-principally ing was first proposed by Britain and the was observed, that a massive voter education in Rhodesia and in Namibia-has been the United States in March 1978. Within a effort was made, that those parties partici most positive single element shaping our re month, the patriotic front agreed to such pating in the election were allowed to cam lation swith virtually all Afrcan nations. a meeting. The Salisbury parties, however, paign freely, and that the government did The joint Anglo-American peace effort in refused to agree to a meeting at that time not bias the elections in favor of one of Rhodesia and our efforts with four of our on the grounds that further negotiations the participating parties over the others. closest NATO Allies to bring peace to with the patriotic front would undermine But we must also consider such central Namibia have demonstrated that we intend the internal settlement. issues as the effective distribution of power to respect in Africa tl.e same ideals we Beginning last October, the Salisbury gov and the freedom of political expression and espouse for ourselves: full equality under ernment appeared to reverse its opposi choice. the law for all peoples of all races. Nothing tion to an all-parties conference. In a. The April elections were conducted on the else we can do strikes more resonance among meeting with the Senaite Foreign Relations basis of a Constitution approved in January African leaders and peoples. Committee, and later in a speech in Wash in a national referendum in which only This fact ought to be pondered very care ington, Prime Minister Smith indicated for whites were permitted to vote. Under that fully in connection with any further cumpul the first time that he would be will1ng to Constitution the powers of government rest sory legislation on our participation in the attend a. meeting with other parties. That first with the House of Assembly-consisting U.N. sanctions against Rhodesia. Do we position was reiterated directly to the Ad of 100 members. Article 22 of Chapter III of really want to forswear our most important ministration in subsequent days. the Constitution creates that body. Let me single resource in this increasingly important However, the law requires that there be read from Article 22: part of the world? It is my hope that we "(A) 72 shall be black members duly wm not, for the sake of our interests as well more than an expressed willingness to at tend such a meeting. It calls for a demon elected thereto by voters enrolled on the com as our ideb.ls. stration by Salisbury that it would be will mon voters roll ... Lord Hugh Cara.don, a distinguished Brit ing to engage in good fa.1th negotiations on (B) 20 shall be white members duly elect ish diplomat who has grappled with these all relevant issues. The Conference Report ed thereto by voters enrolled on the white issues for many years, recently put it this voters roll ... way: "(I)t wm be a. major disaster," he interprets "a will1ngness to negotiate in good faith" to mean that the Rhodesian Gov (C) 8 shall be white members duly elected wrote, "if the west appears to be supporting ernment has "committed itself" to partici thereto in accordance with ..." (The article white minorities, leaving the Sqviet Union pate. It goes on to define "all relevant issues" then describes the separate procedures to be to reap the advantage ...." to include, among other things, the terms of used in electing the other eight white par Last year's Case-Javlts amendment estab majority rule, the protection of minority liamentarians.) lished two measurements of progress to rights, the Anglo-American plan, and the So the Constitution distributes seats in ward majority rule in Rhodesia. that were to be considered in deciding whether to con terms of the Salisbury agreement. I be the government on the basis of race. It is tinue to enforce sanctions. The first was lieve it contemplated that the Rhodesian enshrined in the Rhodesian Constitution whether the Government of Rhodesia has Govemmen t would have to be sufficiently that there shall be 28 white Members of the committed to engage in serious negotiations House Assembly-28% of the seats, reserved ". . . demonstrated its willlngness to ne for less than 4 % of the people. gotiate in good fa.1th at an all-parties con at such a meeting and sufficiently flexible ference, held under international auspices, to discuss all issues. But it is not only disproportionate repre on all relevant issues.... "The second stand The Rhodesian Government's positive ex sentation that concerns us; it is the reserva ard was installation of a government ". . . pressions, however, were not supported by tion of basic elements of sovereignty for chosen by free elections in which all politi its actions. On October 19, 1978, the day be minority control. The Constitution gives the cal a.nd population groups have been allowed fore the Salisbury Executive Council con minority continued control over the army, to pa.rticilpa.te freely ...." veyed to Administration officials its willing the police, the system of justice, and the Both conditions encompass goals to which ness to attend an all-parties meeting, major civil service, and it also lets the 4% minority the Admilnlstr1ation subscribes. At the same air strikes were inflated against opposition exercise a veto power over any significant time, we have had a good reason to make a camps in Zambia, sharply intensifying the constitutional reform. Let me be more precise interpretation of that legislation. For conflict. Despite our warnings about their specific: 1f the President's determination had been consequences for possible negotiations, the For at least 5 years, positions in the Cabi positive, the amendment would have ma.n raids continued for several days, and similar net are to be distributed on the basis of each dwted that we cease our participation in raids took place over the following months. party's strength in the House. Thus, special sanctions adopted in 1966 a.nd 1963, with our In subsequent efforts by Britain and the privileges in Parliament automatically trans support, by the U.N. Security Council. The , United States to build a substantive founda late into administrative power. In the cur Security Council was acting within its man tion for a successful meetings, Salisbury con rent 19-member Cabinet there are five "white datory powers under the U.N. Charter. As sistently refused to explore possible com- only" places. June 22, 1919 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16213 The Constitution requires that control of to opposition forces. But lit was conditioned We would give our full support to fair the military, the police, the courts, a.nd the on a requirement tha.t they lay down their arrangements and to genuine efforts toward civil service be in the hands of those selected arms, accept the internal settlement, and political accommodation, even if some par from the highest ranks of the current serv return home. Those accepting the amnesty ties refused to cooperate. ices. It also establishes white-dominated offer would ha.ve had to agree to the Consti The course we propose recognizes that commissions to control administr·ation and tution drawn up by the internal parties and progres.s has been made, encourages further hiring practices in each of these branches, to participate in elections managed by the progress, and at the same time allows us to not subject to direction or control by elected internal parties. The mistrust a.mong the continue to work with all the parties toward leaders. This will have the effect of exclud parties has been far too great for either side a peooeful settlement. We believe this posi ing blacks from upper levels of administra to have accepted elections controlled by the tion best serves our interests in the region, tion of these central functions of govern other, without any guarantees that the elec on the continent, and in the international ment. tions would be impartially run. community. For our primary national inter Of 170 clauses in the Constitution, some It is primarily on the basis of these fac est in the region ls in a peaceful settlement. 120 "entrenched clauses" can be changed tors-the inherent problems with the Rho Growing conflict would bear a heavy only with the approval of 78 of the 100 Mem desian Construction, the denial to nearly 97 % human toll. It would radicalize the situa bers of the House. That means an effective of the people of any voice in approving tha.t tion further. It would deepen divisions white veto power over major constitutional arrangement, and the firm restrictions on within the country and ·throughout the reform. pavticipation in the elections-that we have region. And it would create greater oppor Similar provisions apply to day-to-day law concluded that the April elections were not tundties for outside intervention. Progress making in such areas as housing standards, free as the Case-Javits amendment requires has been made in Se.lisbury. But without electoral laws, medical ca.re, and education. if the sanctions are to be ended. further progress and accommodation, there In these realms, too, the minority has re At the same time it is clear that the elec will not be peace. tained extraordinary power for itself. tions ha.ve created a new reality in Zim EFFECTS OF A PREMATURE LIFTING OF The Constitution does contain prohibitions babwe-Rhodesia. A high proportion of the SANCTIONS against racial discrimination in the content people there did choose to vote, ma.ny with Premature lifting of sanctions would have or the execution of laws. However, it exempts great enthusiasm. several effects. from the discrimination ban such areas as The minority has recognized that the ma First, lifting Rhodesian sanctions now family law, entry into employment, the ap jority must be brought into the political could undermine the position of tJhe inter propriation of public funds, and important process, and there has been important move nationally recognized legal authordty tJhere aspects of criminal proceedings. As a. result, ment toward majority rule. We must-and Grea.t Brita.in. We should not prejudge or the Rhodesian Constitution legalize the will--encourage further progress. undercut current British efforts. We should treatment of black citizens as second-class ROLE OF THE U.S. not rush to lift sanctions or endorse the citizens. Our challenge now is to build on this prog Salisbury arrangements at a time when It is said that this is only a transitional, ress to help create the conditions which can Brita.in is withholding such actions and 10-year arrangement. But all that is prom bring an enduring peace. How can the United exploring means by which the prospects for ised in 10 years is a review to recommend States best serve the cause of reconciliation further progress and a settlement can be changes. It will be carried out by a five and peace? improved. The situation could evolve signif member commission, three of whom will al First, we will continue to do all we ca.n to ica.ntly in the coming months. We should most certainly be white. Two of the com gether with our British colleagues in support not discourage that evolution by effectively mission's members will be chosen by .the of efforts toward a peaceful solution. we have saying to Salisbury that its current arrange white members of the House of Assembly. consulted closely with the new Bristol Gov ments have our support a-nd need not be Two will be chosen by the President. The ernment and will do so on a conitinuing basis. altered~and saying to the African nations fifth member, the chairman, will be the The British Government is now engaged in that we no longer seek a fair settlement. As Chief Justice, who is likely to be white be broad consultations in the region to explore the President has noted, no other nation has cause the Constitution requires that he be ways of enhancing the prospects for peace recognized the new authorities in Saldsbury. appointed from persons who already a.re and international acceptance a.nd will be The British position continues to be cen among the country's highest judges. sharing this information with us. tral. They are recognized by the international Let me be clear: We believe that it is es Second, we will seek to preserve our a bil community as retaining legal sovereignty. sential that the rights and security of the ity to communicate, and work for peace, with They wlll be addressing this issue at the Com country's minority be protected. For that all the parties to the confiict. In this con monwealth Conference in Lusaka, Zambia, in reason, we have consistently taken the posi text, a member of our Embassy in South Af August. They must make their decision on tion that fair constitutional arrangements rica will make periodic, extended visits to the future of sanctions when the orders in must include special clauses guaranteeing Salisbury, and will cooperate with the Brit council come up for review in November. We the rights of all individuals-including ish emissary who is ma.king similar visits. should recognize the difficult issues they face property and pension rights. This is impor Third, as we have previously said, we would and refrain from any actions which will com tant in assuring the white minority the se support any pace agreement with the par plicate their ability to deal with this problem. cmrity they must have if they are to remain ties themselves might reach-whether it is Second, such an action would diminish in the country and continue to help build a based on open, impartially supervised elec the chances for a peaceful settlement. By healthy, multiracial society. tions or on some other form of political giving the appearance of siding with Salis Protecting minority rights is important. accommodation. bury, our ability to work for a negotiated so And it is fair. But perpetuating minority Finally, as the President has said, we. will lution would be severely limited. We would privilege is not. And by protecting dispro keep the sanctions question under constant encourage Salisbury to expect further Amer portionate power and privilege for a small review in light of progress toward a wider ioan support and assistance in the military minority, the current Rhodesian Constitu political proces a.nd more legitimate and gen struggle. And we would harden the view of tion is likely to increase resentment and uine majority rule. the external forces that their only option was tension between the races and contribute to As many observers have noted, it is too a military one. polarization and strife in the future. early to tell whether the new arrangement Third, a unilateral lifting of sanctions now We can only conclude that the same Con wUl bring gre·ater progress toward full would undermine the significant progress we stitution that permitted elections also kept equality of political rights and truly repre have made in improving our relations them from being truly free. sentative government, or perpetuate dispro throughout Africa in the past 2Y:z years. Our judgment about the elections is rein portionate minority control; whether it will That progress has been due largely to our forced by an assessment of some of the con produce significantly greater opportunity for efforts to help avoid racial conflict and grow ditions that prevailed during the election all citizens, or preserve economic and social ing instability in southern A!rica through period. The election authorities adopted a inequities; whetJher dt will produce new, seri peace!ul accommodation based on majority requirement th81t no party could participate ous efforts at accommodation with opposi rule. To abandon that effort now would in unless it first embraced the Constitution tion parties, both external and internal, or evitably diminish our standing and our in adopted in January by white voters only. bring heightened military confrontation. fluence among Africans and indeed in many The two major opposition parties-ZAPU It is not for us to prescribe the precise parts of the Third world. (the Zimbabwe African People's Union) and form progress might take. That is for the We must clearly- recognize that our rela ZANU (the Zimbabwe African National Un people of Zimb8ibwe-Rhodesia to decide. tions with African and other developing na ion)-were outlawed for the 7 months pre But, unless Salisbury makes a genuine effort tions are increasingly important to us. We ceding the elections. All political activities in these d'irections, the m111tary conflict will have important economic interests in good by those groups were proscribed. Hundreds continue. We believe that African states ties. And the political significance o! these of their members were detained. They were would lend their full support to efforts nations to us is growing as well. African un prohibited from holding meetings, from toward political reconc111ation. willingness to cooperate with the radical having poUtical rallies, and from expressing At the same time, we beHeve the A!rican Arabs in their effort to discredit Egypt, for their views against voting in the election. states and the international ccmmunity example, has been, and will continue to be, Their statements could not even be carried would agree that no party should be allowed important. A recent example of this is the in the news media. a veto over a fair political solution. No party number o! African governments which op The Salisbury parties did offer an amnesty will be allowed a veto over our own policies. posed efforts to suspend Egypt and Israel 16214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 from the World Health organization and TRB's concern is one that should be throughout the country making even Egypt from the nonaligned conference to be considered by every Member of Congress. held 1n September. humanitarian assistance virtually im Fourth, we would be gl vlng others new The article follows: possible. As a result of this deteriorating opportunities to expand their lnftuence in Corporations have recently become aware situation, Secretary of State Vance went Africa at our expense. Concerned African of PACs (political action committees) by before an emergency meeting of the Or nations want peace, and they have supported which they direct employees' and stock holders' voluntary contributions into polit ganization of American States yesterday our negotiating efforts. But if they conclude t.o prooose a new American initiative to that we have abandoned the goal of fair ical campaigns, although they are forbidden by law to make direct corporate contribu end the bloodshed. majority rule in southern Africa, they may During his speech, Secretary Vance turn increasingly to others 1n search of mate tions. Result? In four years the number of rial and moral support for a m111tary solu corporate PACs has jumped from 89 to 821. proposed several steps that he termed tion to the Rhodesian conftlct and for pro Trade unions have been using PACs for yea.rs, "essential to an enduring solution to the tection of their territory from the expand but now there a.re three times as many cor crisis." The key elements of the Vance porate a.s union groups. Because presiden proposal include: The formation of an ing conftlct. Any East-West polarization in tial campaigns a.re financed publicly, the new Africa could not only hurt us; it would hurt money mostly goes to legislators. Donors interim government of national recon our allies whose relationships throughout figuratively "buy" committees and commit ciliation acceptable to all major elements the continent are linked to ours. Indeed, tee chairmen. It ls the fastest growing com of the society; a cessation of arms ship many of our friends have expressed this con ponent in U.S. campaign financing. The New ments; a cease-fire; an OAS peacekeep cern to us. York Times dally suggests that if we don't ing presence to help establish a climate Finally, to be satisfied that the progress reform this system soon, "Congress may al of peace and security, and a major in already made in Zimbabwe-Rhodesia is suffi ready be sold." e cient would, in my judgment, represent a ternational relief and reconstruction retreat from the principles of racial justice e~ort. which we have strived to achieve in our own At this point many important aspects country. To have one standard of racial of the Secretary's proposal remain de justice at home and another abroad is to NICARAGUA IN TRANSITION liberately vague in the hope of develop deny our common humanity. We would ing a consensus during the OAS debate. tarnish our image abroad and divide our HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Such questions as whether U.S. troops selves at home. would be included in the proposed peace We need not invite these results. We have OF NEW YORK keeping force or what role, if any, the fashioned a course which affirms our own IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES law, including the Case-Ja.vlts amendment, Sandinistas will play in an interim gov at the same time that it respects our obli Friday, June 22, 1979 ernment must first be answered before gations as a member of the world commu • Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, the sense the plan will be given any chance of nity. It ls a course which is fa.lthful to our less murder this week of American news success. principles as well as to our national inter man Bill Stewart has shocked the world Nevertheless, this action represents an ests. and brought into sharp public focus the imPortant step by the administration in Elections have been held in Zimbabwe recognizing its responsibility to all of the Rhodeslan. Almost every observt!r, of any tragic bloodshed and loss of life that is taking place in Nicaragua. It is a sad fact peoples of the Western Hemisphere in ideology, has drawn the same overriding providing alternatives to the current message from that event. The Rhodesian that it took this bloodcurdling act to people want peace. draw attention to the realities of what death and destruction. Let us respect that central result. Let us Secretary of State Vance has termed the In the past I had hoped that the pres maintain our ability to work for recon "war of national destruction" that has ent government would be able to reach ciliation. Let us pursue our national inter engulfed that nation. an accommodation with its opposition est, in recognition both of new realities in to prevent further bloodshed and help Zimbabwe-Rhodesia and of the continuing The civilized world must not continue restore democracy. Unfortunately, I am compelllng cause of peace.e to sit by idly ignoring this massive afraid that opPortunity has been lost human suffering and continued viola and now the only hope for a peaceful tion of human rights. The United States solution lies in our efforts to secure a must assume its legitimate and tradi mediated settlement. We must continue PAC INFLUENCE tional role as leader of the Western our past efforts to bring moderate ele Hemisphere in seeking to bring about an ments into the government as the legiti end to the hostilities and a resumption mate representatives of all the people of HON. JOSEPH G. MINISH of all efforts in reaching a peaceful solu Nicaragua. At the same time we must OF NEW JERSEY tion to the civil strife in that area. make it abundantly clear to the present IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I vigorously supported the past efforts government that a continuation of the Thursday, June 21, 1979 of the United States in concert with the existing situation in Nicaragua will make Dominican Republic and Guatemala in it more likely that any possibility of a • Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, the House Administration Committee recently re seeking to help the government and op moderate government will be preempted fused to report H.R. 1, the bill to provide position forces in Nicaragua reach a by a Marxist, pro-Castro dictatorship.• public financing of congressional elec peaceful and democratic solution to that tions. nation's political crisis. In January, as ranking minority member of the Sub During the debate on the bill, I offered committee on Inter-American Affairs, I HUMAN RIGHTS IN CZECHOSLO an amendment to limit the influence of VAKIA---CHARTER 77 political action committees 11 bombers useable against either the isfaction of most people. Some evidence United States or the Eurasian land mass Be it enacted by the Senate and House of by 1985. suggests that Energy Department regu Representatives of the United States of Amer lations may have actually made a bad ica in Congress assembled, That six months The disasterous arms control posture situation worse. after the effective date of this Act, all sales we have adopted has become a threat to The auction market for gasoline and of domest!Jca.lly produced crude oil am.d crude American security, not only at the strate other refined oil products would help oil sold for use or resale within the UnLted gic level, but at the theater level as well. dramatically. Every corner gas station States and al!l first sales of refined petroleum I include the text of Mr. Safi.re's essay produots within the U.S. shall be made in the RECORD at the conclusion of my would be able to get through the auction through a commodity exchange by auction remarks: market its fair share of the gas that re pursuant to rules and regulations promul BELOW THE SALT fineries produce. gated by the President and under the super Big oil companies could not hoard vision of the Commodity Future Trading (By William Safi.re) crude oil or gasoline to drive prices up Commission.e PARis.-While the Carter Administration or squeeze out competitors. Auction mar is thinking only of the signing of SALT II at the summit this weekend, Leonid Brezh kets for crude oil and refined products nev is already figuring out the follow-up to would insure all refiners and distribu BILL SAFIRE ON WHAT'S REALLY his strategic triumph: a different treaty, tors equal opportunity to secure the sup called M.B.F.R., to assure the Soviet domi plies they need. GOING ON IN MBFR AND SALT nation of Europe with more conventional These auctions would place industry arms and armies. operaitions before the full view of the I remember M.B.F.R.-"Mutual and Bal HON. JACK F. KEMP anced Force Reduction"-from a blunder I U.S. Government and the American peo OF NEW YORK ple. As it now stands, most of the oil made in the preparation of a Nixon speech. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Seeking to shorten a dull sentence, I cut the drilled in the United States or purchased words "and balanced" from the name of the overseas is controlled by eight major Friday, June 22, 1979 negotiations: a horrified Secretary of State companies until company dealers sell it • Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, during the William Rogers called to say "that could cost at the pump. Most of the information past week, attention has been focused us a couple of hundred thousand troops." I we have about that oil and its products on the recently signed SALT II Treaty. hastily stuck the words back in. comes exclusively from those companies. Those words-"a.nd balanced"-are one of As a consequence, the protracted nego the keys to the long negotiations on reduc These major companies are vertically tiations on mutual and balanced force ing conventional forces in Europe. When the integrated. A single company like reductions have been overlooked. Indeed, Soviets withdraw troops from Warsaw Pact Exxon drills for oil, transports it, re during the latter stages of the United positions, they a.re still only a day's train fines it, and then distributes it to con States-Soviet negotiations, the United ride away; when the United States pulls tr.acted retail dealers or company-owned States set a very ominous precedent for troops and weapons back, we cross a.n ocean; •Stations. It would be the same if the these negotiations by initiating bilateral hence the need for "balance" or "asymme big three automakers not only built and try" in the numbers withdrawn. discussions with the Soviets on MBFR, M.B.F.R. (best remembered by its jocular sold cars, but also dug the iron ore and despite the fact that these negotiations translation, "More Better for Russia") is the made the steel for their cars. Vertical are multilateral. Such secret bilateral negotiation nobody wanted. When Mike integration allows monopoly profits and negotiations can only stimulate distrust Mansfield was Senate majority leader and control of supplies. and disunity within the NATO alliance called for unilateral United States with- 16226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 dra.wa.l, the White House countered with on their vote to instruct House confer PORTIONS OF TESTIMONY OF DON J. PEASE troop-reduction negotiations. When the So ees to the bill H.R. 3173 to oppose a $50 viets wanted to legitimize their conquests In 1977, the television news documentary with a. European Security Conference, we million supplemental military grant to "60 Minutes" aired a program that illustrated went a.long on condition the Russians accom Turkey. This move not only reaffirms the apparently widespread abuse by newly modated our need to deflect the Mansfield the traditional prerogative of the House arrived aliens of U.S. Supplemental Security amendment with troop-reduction talks. in international assistance, but asserts Income benefits. But negotiations, with delegations drawn the United States continuing concern for Proespective immigrants, if they cannot up in what Churchill called "vast cumbrous the strength of the southwestern flank of prove persona.I assets a.re adequate to sup a.rra.y," take on a. life of their own. In 1975, NATO and the need for a meaningful port themselves after they enter our coun since the Russians had superiority in num settlement to the Cyprus question. try, must be "sponsored" by an American bers of troops and tanks while we ha.cl the citizen before they enter. These "affidavits edge in the la.test nuclear-tipped theater The necessity for cooperation between of support" signed by the U.S. sponsors have weapons, we proposed a. deal called Option Greece and Turkey is overwhelming. The been held to be only morally binding docu Three: we would limit our modern weaponry two countries are vital not only to the ments and are legally unenforceable. This if they would buy the "and balanced" notion stability of NATO but also to the secu situation has led to numerous instances in troop and tank withdra.wa.ls. rity of the United States. Thus, the re where Americans, occasionally naturalized The Russians stonewalled, and for good luctance of Turkey to recognize this in citizens, will knowingly and deliberately sign reason: they were busily leap-frogging our terdependency through concrete actions the affidavit of support document for immi theater-weapon advantage. By 1978, their is particularly disconcerting. The veto of grants when the sponsor has no intention Backfire bomber and SS-12 "Sca.leboa.rd" Greece's reentry into NATO ignores the of supporting the immigrant aliens in the missile matched our cruise and Pershing event they are not able to support them missiles: as they introduced the longer importance to both countries of main selves. Some cases have been documented ra.nge SS-20, the tactical tables were turned. taining a unified presence in the Medi of the sponsors also being landlords or busi That is when the Russians announced terranean. By the same token, the lack nessmen who then required the new immi grandly that they were prepared to buy the of progress in ending the Cyprus impasse grants-once they have begun receiving "balanced" idea. pulling out more troops represents a betrayal of the spirit of their SS! benefits-to live in the sponsor's than the United States would if we carried Congress decision to lift the Turkish rental units or make product or service pur out Option Three to weaken our missile chases from him. force. The Carter Administration was non arms embargo. At that time it was ar plussed; how could we now turn down what gued that military aid would encourage At the request of Senator Charles Percy we had been asking for? Turkey to adopt a more flexible position and later Congressman Richard Gephardt, The Carter response was to stall. We chal with regard to both of these concerns. the General Accounting Office began an in lenged the Soviet "data. ba.se"-tha.t is, we However, nearly 1 year after this was vestigation of this entire situation. Com said, quite rightly, that the Soviets were accomplished, the situation is · un pleted in February 1978 and entitled Num lying a.bout their numbers. ber of Newly Arrived Aliens Who Receive changed. Supplemental Security Income Needs To Be In the coming summit weekend, in the Mr. Speaker, this action should not be joint U.S.-Soviet communique, the Russians Reduced, the GAO found that large amounts will push us again: look for a sentence about taken as an affront to the nation of Tur of federal SS! benefits were going to newly the way "the two nations" (undercutting key. To the contrary, the House has arrived aliens. Although a statistically reli NATO) will pursue European troop reduc already voted Turkey more aid than it able sample for the study limited it to only tion. Mr. Brezhnev has the initiative; Mr. has any country in the world except Is 5 States (California, Florida, Illinois, New Carter doesn't even have a policy. rael and Egypt. Rather it is a move to Jersey and New York), the GAO found that The Soviet goals a.re clear: to limit the demonstrate the des~re of the American about $72 mililon in SS! benefits went to size of the West German Army and to main people to see a peaceful solution to the recipients in these states. $16 million of tain the new Russian theater-weapon supe Cyprus impasse and the necessity of mu that amount went to refugees-persons who riority. That would give them effective m111- should or would continue to receive benefits ta.ry control of Europe. tual cooperation on the part of both under most every bill I am a.ware of. Our policy should be just as clear: Greece and Turkey. Again, I applaud my Section 305 of H.R. 4321 (actually referred 1. Beef up NATO's tactical weapon force colleagues on their determination to sup to the House Judiciary Committee) before with Pershing II and cruise missiles, and port this motion against additional aid the Subcommittee today a.mends the Immi withdraw our moot Option Three weakener. to Turkey.• gration and Nationality Act in a. way similar 2. Close off the the back channel between to legislation I introduced in the la.st Con superpowers that erodes NATO unity. Keep gress and have again introduced in this Con our M.B.F.R. negotiations going in Vienna a.s gress with 55 colleagues (H.R. 2558) to force a.n incentive to NATO unity: "Only in the ADMINISTRATION'S SOCIAL WEL a. legal obligation on sponsors of newly ad presence of the Soviets," says strategist Ed mitted aliens. The sponsor, under this ap ward Luttwa.ck, "does our alliance act llke FARE AMENDMENTS ADDRESS SSI proach, is signing a legal obligation, not just an alliance." BENEFITS TO ALIENS PROBLEM, a moral commitment, that mandates sup 3. Insist that any Soviet pullback have BUT NOT QUITE WELL ENOUGH port for five years if the alien cannot man meaning-modern equipment in an entire age on his own after he enters the United tank army, not rusting old tanks and divi States. Suit may be brought against the sions of cooks and bakers. HON. DONALD J. PEASE sponsor if he does not meet his obligation 4. Take the initiative with a new offer that OF OHIO to prevent the alien from having to resort will test Soviet sincerity: mutual on-site in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to government welfare programs at any spections. Spy satellites cannot count troops level. Friday, June 22, 1979 as well a.s surprise visits to barracks. Our Mr. Chairman, this section of the bill, if allies, the West Germans, may not like this • Mr. PEASE. Mr. Speaker, the Ways kept intact, would address a. large part of !de.a. any more than the Russians, but our and Means Subcommittee on Pub the problem that the GAO has described, Joint Chiefs consider the accurate knowledge lic Assistance, chaired by Congress but not all of it. And it is for that reason of troop· and weapon strength more of a de that I appear before you today to urge that terrent to attack than any troop withdrawals. man JAMES CORMAN, this week con the Public Assistance Subcommittee also We know that Mr. Brezhnev intends to tinued to hold hearings on H.R. amend the Administration's bill with lan make a propaganda pitch for M.B.F.R. at 4321, the new welfare reform bill guage that would amend the Social Security Vienna.. Unless we turn these negotiations of the administration that has been Act to prevent aliens from receiving SS! into a. genuine test of Soviet intentions, it is introduced by Chairman ULLMAN and benefits unless they have permanently and we-to use a. favored Ca.rterism-who will Congressman CORMAN. In testimony continuously resided in the United States look like the warmongers.e Wednesady from Members of. Congress, for a.t least five years. I made the point that while the "Support If such additional langua(2'e is not offered, of Immigrants" section of the bill (sec I fear that lack of prosecution or extended MILITARY AID TO TURKEY litigation may defeat the intent of Section REJECTED tion 305) addresses a large part of the 305. By requiring the alien himself, or his alien-SS! problem, more needs to be sponsor, to assuredly support an immigrant done. for the first five years. I think many of the HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI Because of the wide public interest in federal do11a.rs lost to otherwise ineligible OF CALIFORNIA this matter and the heavy congressional welfare recioients can be saved. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES interest in vairous legislation that was IncicJentally, I'm sure the Public Assist introduced to try to prevent this situa ance Subcommittee wlll also want to con Friday, June 22, 1979 tion from occurring, I would like to in sider yet another anproach to this problem • Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise on clude with my remarks portions of my the one contained In H.R. 7200, passed in this occasion to commend my colleagues testimony. They follow: 1977 by the House but not by the Senate. June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16227

As you know, that approach would-when mitted that "an intensive defense industry that we gained from wearing the FFA an alien applies for SSI benefits-ascribe the lobbying effort" was behind the agency's jacket that many of us translated into assets of the sponsor to the a.lien. demise. respect for the individual lives of others. Mr. Chairman, I know that solutions to "There has been an effort every two years Mr. Chitwood has never been a flam this problem are not as easy as they appear in opposition to the board, with a number to be on the surface. I urge the Subcommit of companies testifying and working for its boyant or boisterous man and, because tee, however, to add some language dealing elimination," Kuhn conceded frankly. of his quiet manner and humble spirit, with alien eligibility for SSI to the portion "This time it was more intensive." he taught us the true meaning of the of the Social Welfare Reform Amendments of The really sad thing for taxpayers is that beginning sentence of the FFA creed 1979 which have been referred to the Ways "we still had a backlog of filings that which states: and Means Committee. amounted to $162 b1llion worth of sales," I believe in the future-with a faith born lamented Harry Van Cleve former head of not o! words but of deeds. While it will obviously be some time the agency that was set up in 1951. before this long, complicated, and con "The day the board went out of existence, Surely, the deeds of this man speak troversial bill can be sent to the full the public lost any ability to have a look louder than any words I could convey House for consideration, I hope that all taken at those sales. to you today.• Members will be presented with a bill "That fact chews on me a bit. that addresses in some fashion the prob "We also had cases that amounted to $lb lem of SS! benefits going to unsupported m1llion worth of excessive profits which we were absolutely ready to go on." aliens. As Chairman CORMAN responded All they needed was a third board member BILL STEWART'S DEATH WAS COLD Wednesday, I think we all have that to take a determining vote. President Carter BLOODED MURDER chance.• had nominated a member, but Congress had yet to approve the appointment when time ran out on the board last March 31. HON. JIM MATTOX RENEGOTIATION BOARD "We could have wrapped up part o! the OF TEXAS $15 m1llion within two months," said Van IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Cleve. HON. JOSEPH G. Ml.NISH "Since 1951, our net recovery was $576 Friday, June 22, 1979 OF NEW JERSEY m1llion." Admiral Hyman Rickover, deputy com e Mr. MATTOX. Mr. Speaker, Ameri IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mander of nuclear propulsion for the Naval cans were shocked yesterday after view Friday, June 22, 1979 Sea Systems Command, called the whole ing dramatic television footage of the de sordid affair "a sad commentary on the in liberate slayings of an American TV news e Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, it is my fluence large corporations and treir lobby reporter Bill Stewart of ABC and his in belief that the Congress acted irrespon ists can exert on the legislative process. terpreter. The Nicaraguan soldier who sibly in refusing to extend the life of "There's never been a time in the history committed these outrageous acts was the Renegotiation Board. of the U.S. when the pressure o! business guilty of nothing less than cold-blooded The Renegotiation Board, which went lobbyi"ts has been as great as it is today, murder. out of existence on March 31, 1979, re and where there's been so much money available for them to accomplish their Dictator Somoza himself earlier this covered money for the Federal Govern purpose." e week set the appalling scene for what ment far in excess of its cost in salary happened to Bill Stewart, when his state and expenses. Furthermore, in acting owned media launched a vicious propa as a deterrent to contractors who might A TRIBUTE TO HAROLD CHITWOOD ganda campaign against foreign journal otherwise have overcharged the Gov ists covering the war. We have known ernment, it also saved many millions for sometime that Somoza does not want of dollars over and above its actual HON. WES WATKINS foreign journalists in his country, and recoveries. OF OKLAHOMA now we know why: professional report The following article from last week's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ers like Bill Stewart have reported the National Enquirer sheds some light on Friday, J71.ne 22, 1979 truth about the barbaric behavior of the consequences of the Renegotiation Somoza's followers who are claiming to Board's demise-a classic case of a e Mr. WATKINS. Mr. Sneaker, it is with act in the name of democracy. small but powerful special interest pre a great deal of pleasure that I rise today Acts of war committed upon innocent vailing over the public interest. I com to pay tribute and honor to a man who civilians, unarmed war correspondents, mend the article, by Robert Terpstra, has been very close to me personally and and other noncombatants have always tu the attention of my colleagues in to hundreds of other young men a:nd been repugnant in the eyes of Americans. both the House and the Senate: women during his 30 years of service as When such acts occur, we have always CONGRESS KILLS GoVERNMENT AGENCY THAT a vocational agriculture teacher and condemned them in the strongest pos SAVED TAXPAYERS $576 MILLION FFA advisor of Bennington High School sible terms. (By Robert Terpstra.) in Bennington, Okla. In our sadness over these tragic Congress has shamefully knuckled under Mr. Harold Chitwood and his family deaths, however, we should not let go to a high pressure lobbying blitz by greedy have given unselfishly of their time and unnoticed the fact that such outrages defense contractors-and done away with private lives above and beyond the duties have been commonplace in Nicaragua an agency that's saved taxpayers a. whopping and responsibilities normally demanded under the Somoza family rule. The cyni $576 m1llion. of a teacher. I take these few moments to cal attitude of Nicaraguan officials For 28 years, the Renegotiation Board publicly acknowledge the tremendous toward these and other uncivilized acts tracked down defense contractons earning is unbelievable. They brush off barbarism excess profits and forced them to return the impact he has had on my life and the money to the Treasury. snaping and molding of the lives of many with matter-of-fact moralisms that such It was one of the few federal agencies to other young people. Too long have we things happen in war. earn more than it spent. In fiscal 1978 alone, gone without expressing our appreciation And now we receive conflicting reports it recovered $34.4 million while spending and thanks to people who have had a about whether the murderer is in cus $6.2 m1llion, for a handsome "net" of $28.2 positive influence on our lives. tody, was killed in a skirmish with San m1llion. dinistas, or is free. How did Congress reward this efficiency Mr. Chitwood has taken many of us on behalf of the beleaguered taxpayers? By who were very awkward and shy in pub The Nicaraguan Government has a refusing to extend the board's life for an lic and assisted in providing the activi short memory about the aftermath of other two-year period, thereby k1lling it. ties in his classroom and beyond to allow the earthquake that devastated the "The board's demise was the result of an us to compete and seek to achieve more country in 1972. The United States intem:e lobbying campaign by t"'e defense for not only ourselves but for those with poured millions of dollars in relief into industry," fumed Rep. Joseph G. Minish (D. whom we share our daily lives. The young Nicaragua, and it was American report N.J.), leader of the unsuccessful effort to ers and other foreign journalists who as save it. people who have worn the blue and gold Lloyd R. Kuhn, vice president !or legis jackets of the FFA were taught to wear sisted in distributing food and medical lative affairs at the Aerospace Industries it honorably and with pride ·as we repre supplies, as well as in lending moral and Assn. o! America in Washington, D.C., a.d- sented our school. It was this respect emotional support. CXXV--1021-Pa.rt 13 16228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 At a time when most of the civilized increased public skepticism. In this regard, most of the overtime pay is justified with countries of the world recognize that Subcommittee Chairman Dingell in a June savings possible only in regard to $10 mil 5, 1979 letter to Secretary Schlesinger dis lion or less, of which petroleum gauging is journalists are neutral observers, report cussed the Department's information poli a minor part. ers of fact, and truth seekers, Nica cies. The letter states in part: Sen. Howard Metzenbaum, D-Ohio, and ragua's actions remove itself from the "Today, as in the embargo days, the DOE the chairman of three House subcommit list of free countries and repudiate its appears to be still floundering for energy tees-Reps. James M. Hanley, John M. claim that it is a true democracy. data. Data concerning gasoline, diesel oil, Murphy and Benjamin S. Rosenthal of New I call upon Congress to go on record and home heating oil supplies and pricing York-have questioned the wisdom of end and condemn these murderous acts, and are poor and not timely. The forms pro•ride ing Customs' monitoring of petroleum im and to demand that the killer of Bill blanket confidentiality for the data pursu ports. Stewart and his interpreter be brought ant to another law. Monthc:; after the Iran "At a time when the public is deeply c;us ian crisis began and gasoline shortages be. picious of both the cause and extent of the to justice. I also urge my colleagues to came a reality, weekly supply data for pri recent oil and gas shortage, the federal gov take appropriate actions to reprimand mary stocks is still not being collected. No ernment should take every possible step to the Nicaraguan Government in the data on secondary s.tocks is collected. Yet develop independent, credible information strongest possible terms.• the Energy Information Administration about oil imports," sa.id Metzenbaum. has a budget for FY 1979 of over $80 million "Re~rettably," said Metzenbaum, "recent and more in FY 1980." U.S. Customs Service actions will result in GET A HANDLE ON THE ENERGY The Committee members have also ex less, not more, objective information a.bout PROBLEMS perienced serious difficulties in obtaining our imported oil supplies." information from the Department in re "There is a need for credib1Uty," sa!.d sponse to requests for information relative Rosenthal. "The present state of circum HON. ADAM BENJAMIN, JR. to these matters. Substantial delays have stances in this country demands it."" OF INDIANA occurred and the information which is pro vided is of.ten not fully responsive to the In the Thursday edition of the Wash IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES request. ington Post, Larry Kramer reported that Friday, June 22, 1979 oil nationalization is a threat if the oil The committee's problem has been companies do not explain the present e Mr. BENJAMIN. Mr. Speaker, on May compounded. According to a Washing crisis soon and stop what Tina Hobson, 30, I introduced House Resolution 131, ton Star report, Treasury Department DOE Director of Consumer Affairs, now referred to the Committee on Rules officials have weakened the Federal called "manipulative practices." and cosponsored by 23 of my colleagues. Government's only independent source In the article, Ms. Hobson is reported House Resolution 131 proposes to es of information on oil imports. to have said that there is also little or tablish a Joint Select Committee to In According to the Star article, the new no reason that consumers should not be vestigate Oil Production and Pricing to Customs manual directs customs officers lieve DOE is misleading, misinforming or determine the truth about the energy to accept licensed gauger's reports in even lying to them about petroleum data. crisis by investigating all aspects of the stead of gauging by customs inspectors. Quoting Ms. Hobson, the article con availability, production, and marketing The Star article, written by Leonard tinued: of oil and oil products. On the results of Curry, continued: "We are heading toward nationalization of its findings, the joint select committee is Public gaugers are independent contractors the oil companies," Hobson flatly told cor charged with the development of a vi employed by the oil companies and the oil porate consumer affairs representatives and able and comprehensive national energy exporting nations to confirm that the volume government regulators from several areas at policy. of petroleum on a tanker matches the orig a dinner late Tuesday night. Obviously, I am not the only Member inal shipping manifest. "I don't want to go in that direction, but of this body seeking to separate fact from The importance of the Customs Service if the oil industry and the DOE don't come role is that data it has collected so far this up with better rationing and something fiction. The House overwhelmingly year appear to contradict information from better than those gas lines, there won't be adopted House Resolution 291 last Fri the petroleum companies about the impact a choice in the matter," she added. day to direct the President to furnish of the Iranian revolution on the U.S. oil sup Hobson has held a variety of energy-re certain information regarding energy. ply. lated positions, including jobs in the Fed House Report 96-261, accompanying Customs Commissioner Robert E. Chasen, eral Energy Office and the Federal Energy however, says this was not the case. Administration before joining the Depart the resolution reported from the Com In a report last month to President Carter mittee on Interstate and Foreign Com ment of Energy on October 1, 1977, when it on the California gasoline shortage, Energy was created. merce, corroborated my belief that we Secretary James R. Schlesinger, relying on Although she previously c.L'itlcized her de are attempting to operate with less than industry data, said: partment's handling of information pertain adequate or reliable information. "It ls expected that April was the low ing to the energy crisis in her internal com According to the committee: month for crude oil imports, which is now munications with other DOE officials, Tues being reflected in low supplies of gasoline day's comments were her strongest public ... it cannot be said that all information produced by refineries.'' necessary to a full understanding of the warning to date. supply problem is collected by the DOE, nor But tt.e Customs data, which the Com Hobson said she had information that merce Department published in monthly jobbers for the major oil companies were en that the information which is collected is trade statistics after the Schlesinger report, timely. To the contrary, the Committee has gaging in a "manipulative process of black showed that the United States imported mailing gas station dealers" into staying found the DOE lacking vital information on more petroleum in April than for any April such matters as secondary stocks and actual open for only a limited number of hours and on record-217 million barrels compared using only a limited number of pumps, "or sales of products. The information is rarely with 201 million barrels in March and 189 timely, as a result of long lag times in send else." She said dealers were being threatened million barrels in April a year ago. with being cut off by those jobbers-their ing out forms and retrieving them. For ex Chasen said he was certain the Customs ample, at the May 18, 1979 hearings on gaso only suppliers-if they didn't heed the warn data was accurate for the first three months ings. line issues, the DOE was requested to sub of this year because duties were being col mit a table showing the average price of "The system is fraught with inequities," lected on oil imports. After tariffs died in she said. crude oil to refiners and the average retail April, Chasen said the Customs data infor prices of gasoline for each month from April mation is less reliable. In a recent internal memorandum to En 1978 to April 1979. Incredibly, the DOE re The decision to change the system came ergy Information Administration head Lin sponded with data only until the month of after a private meeting at petroleum indus coln Moses and several other DOE offidals February. The Department had no informa try headquarters. which was obtained by the Washington Post, tion on gasoline prices for the most current Chasen said the Dec. 7, 1978, meeting of Hobson warned that "many consumers could three months. Customs staff at the American Petroleum reasonably question the department's pro Furthermore, the Department also con Institute was "not unusual" and did not !n jected shortfalls." She cited impartial in tinues to be heavily reliant on unverified fluence the ultimate decision to end the terpretations that differ with DOE conclu industry da.ta despite the clear directives practice of Customs' inspectors physically sions on oil supply problems. from the Congress in a variety of statutes, measuring 35 percent of the 2.4 billion bar Further, she said, "While the department such as the Energy Supply and Environ rels of oil imported into the United States in may have confused consumers regarding the mental Coordination Act of 197'1:, and the a year. demand for oil, it appears that information Department of Energy Organization Act, The real reason for the work rule changes (also) was incorrectly provided on oil sup that the Department should collect its own is to cut down on $70 million in overtime plies and imports." verifl.ed information. The Department's fatl Customs inspectors are projected to receive She said alleged manipulation of import ure to verify data has led to criticism and this year, the commissioneT said. But he said figures by the DOE "has raised significant June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16229 consumer doubt about the department's Rep. Toby Moffett (D-Conn.), after a Tues long gas lines is beginning to be reflected credib111ty." day leadership meeting on the Moorhead throughout the Federal Government's "In addition to inaccurately reporting in defense-production bill, said, "The synthetic approach to the energy situation. formation on imports, the department may fuel thing is greased. You've never seen such It appears that in an effort to control not have released accurate information on a locomotive." domestic production," Hobson added. If Moorhead is riding a locomotive, the the activities of our oil companies, we Her memo suggested that the department bill that rushed through the House Em are in the process of strangling their ca consider releasing significantly more raw in ployment Opportunities subcommittee yes pabilities to produce more domestic sup formation on the oil industry to consumers terday looked like a crack express weaving plies of fuel. I hope all my colleagues for their own analysis, as well as the depart through a crowded switching yard. will take the time to read these most ment's interpretation of that data and as The bill is the brainchild of Rep. Carl D. enlightening articles. sumptions behind that interpretation. Perkins, chairman of the Education and La [From the Wall Street Journal, June 22, At the meeting Tuesday night, Hobson ac bor Committee, whose coal-rich eastern Ken 1979) knowledged that the department long has tucky district stands to gain from a synfuel had a "problem" of sharing considerable in program. THE GREAT OIL ROBBERY formation with oil industry representatives Perkins said that he and his two dozen co We have said from the first that the Presi or lobbyists while withholding the same in sponsors, frustrated that the administration dent's "windfall tax" proposal was a revenue formation from consumer groups. and Congress have not provided leadership, measure in thln disguise. This week the "We have a credibility problem with con decided to act on their own, even though House Ways and Means Committee under sumers, and we aren't helping it now," she critics might be quick to say Education and lined the point with a vengeance, voting by said. Labor is the wrong forum. 20-16 to raise the marginal tax on newly Hobson said she has gone to speak to sev Again yesterday, the 1urisdictional confu discovered oil to 70 percent instead of the eral groups about the energy crisis lately, sion that long has plagued congress on en 50 percent proposed by the President. The but in her most recent speech before con ergy matters was underscored. A major syn committee also amended the President's sumer leaders, she said she was shouted fuels bill introduced last week by Rep. John proposal in specific ways designed to squeeze down and not even allowed to speak. "Peo D. Dingell (D.-Mich.) was referred to eight mo.re tax-revenues but of Alaskan oil, mar ple are getting impatient with us," she said. House committees. The Perkins bill, how ginal wells and old oil. All in all the com ever, touches on matters ordinarily handled mittee's bill amounts to an additional tax The committee report and the two ar by 11 other committees. of $28 billion on domestic energy production ticles are certainly not the only indica Energy and synfuels at Educational and over the next five years-a marvelous disin tion that the Congress is getting some Labor? Perkins made it legislatively proper centive to the oil companies to reduce our poop, but it ain't the right scoop. I am by simply adding his proposal as a title to dependence on OPEC oil, and a marvelous sure that at least two such articles ap a small manpower training bill. new slush fund for buying votes. The men in Washington have made it peared in at least one newspaper in each Mr. Speaker, I well appreciate the en clear that what comes first with them is not congressional district during the past thusiasm of each committee to get in its to solve the country's energy problems, but week. Unfortunately, it is not the first stroke. However, we are going to have to profit by them. The tax is designed to and will certainly not be the last. Equally problems. These problems are going to make the U.S. government a beneficiary of unfortunate, the President wants us to all future OPEC price increases. And com lead to major jurisdictional disputes bined with the huge subsidies for synthetic persuade the public that there is a legiti which may well overshadow the sub mate, bona fide, honest-to-goodness en fuel also rolling through Congress, it will ergy crisis. Well, it may be real, but it is stance of the legislation. When that come close to nationalizing the energy in happens, the DOE problems will be min dustry, reducing the oil companies to two going to be heck to convince fellow citi iscule by comparison. roles: marketing OPEC oil and performing zens that it is when DOE is doing every I urge that consideration be given to contractual services for the U.S. government. thing conceivable to disprove that con Investment in energy development will flow tention. House Concurrent Resolution 131. This not to the cheapest alternatives, but to those Congress must have a joint select com In essence, the Congress has to mar that spread government largess to the shal the facts. Anything less cannot be mittee to investigate the energy situa widest number of congressional districts. "detained," and we may be foolish to tion. Perhaps it really needs a jolnt com The t·ax will simultaneously discourage mittee with more powers than that pro U.S. oil exploration and deprive the industry even try. However, the question remains of the revenues necessary to establish itself regarding the ability of the Congress to scribed in House Concurrent Resolution 131. If a joint committee cannot be in new technologies and energy sources. U.S. undertake the job under its present oil will be sold at the OPEC price, but U.S. structure. I think not. formed, because the other body will not producers will not receive that price. A The reason that Congress cannot suc agree, I then urge a new standing com benchmark price for U.S. oil is establl.JShed, cessfully handle the program under its mittee in the House to deal exclusively and the government takes 70 percent of the present structure is more than evident with energy. Whatever be the mech excess. The higher the OPEC price rises above in the article reported by Ward Sinclair anism, the one thing that is obvious-we the benchmark, the higher the government had better gear up fast to determine the take, and the lower the incentive to recover and Richard L. Lyons, which also ap problem and then move to solve the oil from increasingly expensive environments. peared in yesterday's Washington Post. Meanwhile, numerous bills have been in The article focused on the synthetic problem before the public decides to take troduced to give some of this money back to fuel fever sweeping Capitol Hill. Por matters into their own hands. A little the oil companies to develop even more ex tions regarding our committee structure initiative, coordi.nation, and cooperation pensive energy, making synthetic fuels. For will be extremely helpful at this time.• example, in the Senate there is legislation follow: afoot to establish a Synthetic I<,uels and Al As gasoline·unes grow longer and political ternative Fuels Production Authority to the frustration builds, members of congress THE GREAT OIL ROBBERY tune of $75 billion. In the House there l.JS leg are trampling on each other in the hurry-up islation to establish a government-owned drive for synfuels. Synthetic Fuels Reserve Corporatlon. Ac House and Senate legislative hoppers are HON. ELWOOD HILLIS cording to Rep. Toby Moffett, who has played brimming with bills-at least 40 so far-to OF INDIANA a leading role in creating the energy prob stimulate synthetics, and the fun really lem, "The synthetic fuel thing is greased. has only begun. Take yesterday, for example: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES You've never seen such a locomotive." A House Education and Labor subcommit Friday, June 22, 1979 There are no economic or energy reasons tee, ordinarily devoted to social concerns, ig for discouraging the domestic production of nored jurisdictional lines and cranked out • Mr. HILLIS. Mr. Speaker, I am in relatively cheap natural fuels and establish the whopper of the lot-a $205 billion pro serting in the RECORD a copy of an edi ing the government in the business of fund gram to produce synfuels. torial which appeared in today's Wall ing the development of relatively expensive Jurisdictions on Capitol Hill remain Street Journal entitled, "The Great Oil synthetic fuels. But there are plenty of po splintered, but the price and supply picture Robbery," and a copy of an article which litical reasons for doing so. Politicians can has cha.nged. It has put new pressure on appeared in the Oil and Gas Journal on curry favor with voters by punishing oil com Congress to do something-"even if it is June 18. panies for the gasoline lines caused in fact by the wrong thing," as Sen. Dale Bumpers (D DOE regulations, and they can use the multi Ark.) capsulized it the other day. These articles illustrate the need for a billions of dollars in new tax revenues to The frontrunner in the legislative derby rational approach by Congress in ad hand out favors. Foremost of all is the addi appears to be the Moorhead bill, which dressing our energy shortages. We can tional power that accrues to government House leaders agreed to push to passage be not afford to act in a rash manner in from control over the production and alloca fore Congress goes home for the July 4 holi developing energy policies. As the ar tion of energy. Who can afford not to "co day. ticles illustrate, the hysteria caused by operate" with Washington when he needs a 16230 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 government allocation before he can produce As a consequence, crude supplies wm rP Unlike congressmen, Nebraska. lawmakers a product, offer a service or build a plant? main tight in the near term. have a. limit on the b1lls they can introduce. Some oil companies, especially those with "Even without widespread shortages, the The current 10-b1lls-a-year limit wm be little or no U.S. oil, might look forward with industrialized nations of the world will be reduced to a l 7-b111 limit per two-year pe relief to becoming government contractors. living on the ragged edge." riod beginning in 1980. There's nothing like cost-plus contracts to Regaining control. Industrialized nations The mere introduction of a b111 in Ne remove the risk from new ventures and un can regain control of their energy futures by braska guarantees at least a. gentle push tried technologies--or to balloon the cost of cutting consumption and facing up to higher down the road to enactment because legisla energy to the consumer. Many of the com costs of energy supplies, Swearingen said. tive rules require a public hearing for each panies have already been trained to this role He urged consuming nations to comply b111. In Congress, committee and subcom by the foreign governments who expropri "preferably by the end of this year"-with mittee chairmen are free to choos~ the issues ated their equity and transformed them from the International Energy Agency's goal of re that w111 have hearings. But in Nebraska, the owners to contractual marketing agents. ducing energy use by 5 % in all member na wishes of Unicameral committee ...:halrmen Faced with de facto nationalization of tions. have no bearing on whether the issue wlll be their energy activities, the oil companies Success of that cutback "hinges in large opened to public debate. naturally will try to protect the private part on the actions of my own country," This is not to suggest that the members equity they retain by diversifying into new which has "nothing resembling a coherent of the Unicameral necessarily have more lines of activity, limiting their energy role national energy policy," Swearingen said. worthy motives in the b1lls they choose to to no-risk government contracts. Having lost He applauded President Jimmy Carter's introduce. A large percentage of their b1lls their property rights in oil abroad, they are move to decontrol oil prices in the U.S., say are promoted by special interest groups. The now undergoing a full-fledged attack on ing West Germany already has adopted that internal limitation does, however, demand a them at home. The U.S. government is not approach. degree of state senator commitment to the yet expropriating department stores or elec "Let prices rise to their natural levels, let concept contained in any b111 that is not trical equipment manufacturers, so private higher prices be passed on to consumers, and necessarily required of federal congressmen capital seeks safety in these investments. a drop in consumption will naturally follow." when they introduce proposals. The future currently being sketched out in The U.S. can expand energy supplies dur The more parsimonious attitude toward Congress is cushy for the politicians, and per ing the mid-1980s ot 2000 by burning coal to b111 introduction in the Nebraska. system of haps comfortable enough for some of the oil produce electricity and producing crude from legislating ls but one of many differences giants. But it is also a prescription for perma oil shale, coal, and tar sands, Swearingen that exist between Congress and the nent and mounting energy problems. Do we really want energy provided in the same said. Unicameral. manner as mail and rail services, at the "But we must keep sharply in mind the A side-by-side comparison of the two leg same expense as defense-cost overruns, and magnitude of the task at hand." islatures is impossible. The roles and scopes by the same people whose energy policies He estimated the U.S. would have to invest of state and national legislatures vary have given America. the only gasoline lines $200 billion during 8-10 years to replace 8-10 greatly. in the world? mllllon b/d of imported oil with oil from coal For example, the budget which the con or shale. And he said solar power, geother gre3s ls preparing for next year ls 884 times [From the 011 and Gas Journal, June 18, mal power, and other forms of exotic en larger than that which the Nebraska Leg 1979) ergy "cannot be viewed as workable world islature recently adopted for the s-tate. Con wide alternatives until well into the 21st gress enacts laws for a population 141 times SWEARINGEN SEES CONTINUED TIGHT OIL century.''• greater than that of Nebraska. SUPPLY Setting aside some of the obvious differ The global crude shortfall-now about 2 ences, the U.S. Congress and the Nebraska million b/d-will last at least another 5 years, Legislature do have a basis of comparison so industrialized nations will remain on the CONTRASTS IN LAWMAKING in that they are different manifestations of "ragged edge" of the energy supply/demand the same theory of representative govern balance at least that long. HON. JOHN J. CAVANAUGH ment. Any hope that Saudi Arabia will bail the Since 1789, the Congress has provided a world out of its energy troubles by produc OF NEBRASKA model for 50 state legislatures, all but one of ing a surplus of crude is just "a chimera," IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES which has grown up as faithful two-house says John S. Swearingen, chal11man of Stand Friday, June 22, 1979 replicas of the system created by the found ard 011 Co. (Ind.). ing fathers. He told the International Monetary Con e Mr. CAVANAUGH. Mr. Speaker, At the age of 67, Nebraska rejected its ference in London last week that the days Mr. Thomas A. Fogarty, a Nebraska of plentiful supplies of cheap energy are two-house legacy and announced the equiva over. To compensate, governments should try journalist, has written an unusually per lent of a legislative sex-change. The two to cut energy consumption and allow energy ceptive comparison of the greatest rep house legislature included one house too prices to rise to their natural levels, Swear resentative legislature ever created. many, Nebraska voters declared. ingen said. Consideration of the contrast and simi The bold experiment in government con For the time being, however, emotional larities between the operation of the U.S. tinues today. The Unicameral is fully grown ism is preventing the industrialized world Congress and the Nebraska Unicameral now. It maintains some of the characteristics from effectively dealing with the energy prob Legislature is both interesting and in of the national legislature, but its unique lem. formative. Each Member of Congress and form has also caused significant departures "Nostalgia for the past and fear of the fu from the conventional two-house, partisan ture are intense," Swearingen said. "Ulti every American's understanding of the system. mately, however, this high emotionalism will objectives of their institutions of Gov Nebraska's relatively weak committee sys subside. ernment could be enriched by reading tem, the absence of formal political part1e8, "Just as the prospect of hanging sharpens Mr. Fogarty's analysis: the one-house structure and more restrictive the mind, so does economic distress, once its WASHINGTON, LINCOLN OFFER CONTRASTS IN rules of the body make it more open and causes are properly identified, bring a peo LAWMAKING simpler for citizens to understand. Those ple together." In Washington, the congressional b111 factors also combine to create a brand of No more surplus. Swearingen said it would hopper ls chock full of political symbols. pollticklng based more on personalities and be "unrealistic in the extreme" to expect They express the concern of introducers one-on-one persuasion than is found in Con Saudi Arabia or other members of the Or for full parity for farmers, the rights of gress. There, it ls giant pollttcal, corporate, ganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries children to pray in public schools, balanced government and social institutions that de to produce a surplus of crude. federal budgets, proposals to decrease con fine the politics. Most individual legislators "When you make more by producing less, gressmen's salaries when inflation increases are overshadowed by the huge institutions and preserve your precious resources in the and hundreds of other unattainable and not which set the congressional agenda. bargain, there are few incentives for increased necessarily desirable goals. In a sense, the openness of the Nebraska production." The proposals cascade into the hopper system creates greater polltlcal hazards for Swearingen emphasized that oil compa useless, redundant or blatantly unconstitu ltn legislators. Its relative structural slmpllc nies don't control OPEC policy. tional-and over the course of a two-year lty and the less cosmic nature of the issues Saudi Arabia, OPEC's biggest producer. Congress, the b1lls number in the tens of which come before it create polltical Uabil formerly was willing to use its excess pro ltles. Constituents are better able to under ductive capacity to moderate efforts of some thousands. Perhaps more often than not, a member stand the decisions that the state legislator OPEC members to push prices to maximum makes. levels. But that's changing, Swearingen said. of Congress wm use the introduction of a "Today, the Saudis feel that their own na. bill simply to project an image of concern. Advancement of a bill in the Nebraska Leg tional self-interest dictates the building of He may not really care about the bill. He islature toward passage 1s definitive, not bridges to their more milll;ant neighbors. may even oppose its passage. equivocal, as is the case in Congress. Ad The idea that the Saudis wlll always be thera Contrast b111 introductions ln Congress vancement ln a single house of a two-house to bail us out ls little more than a clll wtth the recent session of the Nebraska Leg legislature ls meaningless unless the other mera--especially when the realltles· of the islature ln which 47 percent of all bllls in house acts in a like manner. Absent in the day are taken into consideration." troduced ultimately became law. Nebraska Legislature is the comfort of having June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16231 another house act as a safety net for ir business. The energy policy of the United mum wage is a legislated price above the responsible decisions. States must encourage domestic explo price that would otherwise prevail for the In Congress, the house which acts first on ration of energy resources to relieve our labor of many teen-agers. Like every mini a bill has the greater luxury of demagoguery mum price, it enhances the a.mount supplied. on that issue. Consider, for instance, a public dependence upon foreign imports. De and reduces the a.mount demanded, and so works appropriation bill. If the political regulation will provide the needed incen produces a surplus, in this case of unem winds at a given time dictate wholesale re tive for new exploration and will help ployed teen-agers. duction of water projects, the House (Which our Nation's oil producers to attract Do you want a. shortage? Have the govern constitutionally must initiate spending needed capital. Failure to deregulate wlll ment legislate a maximum price that is below measures) can make the cuts, garner favor only compound the current shortage the price that would otherwise prevail. That able press reviews, tell constituents about situation and discourage the develop is what New York City and, more recently, their commitment to fiscal conservatism ment of future supplies. other cities have done for rental dwellings, and still know that the projects wlll continue and that is why they all suffer or will soon to be funded because the S.enate version will We have all been asking the question suffer from housing shortages. That 1s why continue funding. in the past year, "Who is to blame?" there were so many shortages during World A conference committee of senators and Milton Friedman has stated that blam War II. That is why there is an energy crisis representatives meeting to reconcile the ver ing the oil industry for the current and a gasoline shortage. sions of a. bUl passed by their respective shortages is likely blaming the obste There is one simple way to end the energy houses can quietly slip the projects back in, trician for the baby. He states: crisis and the gasoline shortage tomorrow and nobody's ox has been gored. There is a.n energy crisis because govern a.nd I mean tomorrow and not six months In the Nebraska Unicameral the game is ment has decreed that there shall be one. from now, not six yea.rs from now. Eliminate played in a. different form. To be sure, proj all controls on the prices of crude oil and ects a.re inserted and deleted for political In light of the need to decontrol the other petroleum products. The gasoline lines reasons as appropriation bills move toward oil and gas industry I commend to my would melt faster than the snows of Winter. passage. colleagues the following article. Amer Other misguided policies of government In the recently concluded session, law icans are currently realizing the results and the monopolistic behavior of the OPEC makers wanted to rattle their sabers a.t the of 6 years of Government regulation and cartel might keep petroleum products expen University of Nebraska. Board of Regents to sive, but they would not produce the disorga demonstrate just who runs the University. control over the oil industry by the De nization, chaos and confusion that we now So .the $1.6 million a.tr conditioning unit for partment of Energy. These Government confront. the East Campus--one of the top capital con regulations and controls have served to Gas. would cost less: And, perhaps surpris struction priorities set by the regents-was aggravate rather than alleviate our en ingly, this solution would reduce the cost of deleted, then re-inser.ted a.t several points o1 ergy problems, resulting in distortions of gasoline to the consumer-the true cost. the legislative process. production and distribution, with ac Prices at the pump might go up a few cents But because a. single appropriations b111 companying soaring prices and short a gallon, but the cost of gasoline today in works its way through a single body toward ages. cludes the time and gasoline wasted stand final passage, the antics of funding and de ing in line, and hunting for a gas station BLAMING THE OBSTETRICIAN with gas, plus the $10.8 billion annual budget leting projects are played in full public view. (By Milton Friedman) If a. senator wants to insert or delete a project of the Department of Energy, which amounts for his poUtical advantage, he had either be The explanations of the energy crisis and to a.round 9 cents per gallon of gasoline. prepared to live with the consequences of gasoline shortage that gush forth from gov Why has this simple and foolproof solution losing the project or publicly change his po ernment officials, newspaper reporters and not been adopted? So far as I can see, for two sition at the next stage of consideration. TV commentators are tantamount to blam basic rea.sons--one, general, the other, spe Other procedures of the Legislature make ing the obstetrician for the baby. citlc. To the despair of every economist, it it a. more straightforward approach to law A rapacious oil industry did not produce seems almost impossible for most people making and less susceptible .to gamesman the gasoline shortage. Wasteful consumers other than trained economists to compre ship. In Congress, a bUl must pass through a did not produce the gasoline shortage. Hard hend how a price system works. Reporters rules committee before reaching the floor of winter did not produce the gasoline shortage. anGolf, the so transported to the consumer. Immediate as the best amateur golfer in the Dela called Pennsylvania Slam. Sigel has won the action is necessary to solve this problem. ware Valley as well as in the Common Philadelphia Amateur, the Philadelphia. This produce will not be there tomorrow. wealth of Pennsylvania. Earlier this Open, the Pennsylvania Open and Pennsyl The administration and the Congress month Jay emerged victorious from the vania Amateur, the la.st tournament a. stag have already declared that agricultural British Amateur championship, the 21st gering nine times. He's also a former Penn operations shall receive priority in the American to win this prestigious title. sylvania Interscholastic League champion, allocation of fuel in order to provide the This thril!ing victory has catapulted Jay when he attended Lower Merion Higp into the ranks of the best international School. Nation with an adequate food supply. Shortly after that, after an unhappy se This policy does no good; however, if players. It is an accolade greatly de mester at co1legiate golfing power Houston, agricultural produce cannot be trans served, as Jay Sigel overcame a serious he became the first recipient of the Arnold ported to processors and consumers. accident which jeopardized his golfing Palmer Scholarship to Wake Forest, where We must act now to make sure that career to become one of the finest ama he was expected to hitch up his trousers and the necessary truck transportation is teur golfers in the world today. His suc trample par to death in the same fashion as provided. Carriers of agricultural com cess has been continuous since his ear had Arnie, who personally recruited him for modities should be given a high priority liest days of participation in the sport, Wake. in the allocation of diesel fuel supplies. and he has consistently dominated the He won the Atlantic Coast Conference Philadelphia area golf scene for some championship twice and twice was selected Adequate protection should be given to to the collegiate all-America team at Wake truckers who transport these commodi 20 years. Among his many victories are: Forest. ties. The Government must assert that PIAA State Champion, 1960, 1961. Then, in his senior year, Sigel somehow the delivery of agricultural produce is Interna1'lonal Junior Chamber of Com put his left arm through a glass door. Sixty iessential to the welfare of its citizens merce Champion, 1961. stitches and a 3 %-hour operation were re and that action to prevent its transport Pennsylvania. Amateur Champion, 1962, 66, quired to knit Jay Slgel's hand back together. by truck will not be tolerated. 68,72-76,78. The door to the PGA tour closed right there. We have an opportunity here to pre Philadelphia. Amateur Champion, 1973. "Maybe it was a blessing in disguise," he vent an economic disaster. The farmer Pennsylvania. Open Champion, 1974. said. "More than anything else the injury who has overcome the natural risks of Philadelphia. Open Champion, 1975, 77, 78. influenced me against turning pro. I was farming should be able to sell the prod Walker Cup Team Member, 1977, 79. afraid the wrist would never be S'trong World Cup Amateur Champion, 1978. enough to hold up during day-to-day com uct of his labor. The consumer, already Amateur Athlete of the Year, 1977 (Phila.. strapped by rising food prices, should petition. I would get cramps in the left hand Sportswriters' Association). and the right would take over. I got 'fiippy not be forced to pay even more for pro Masters Championship Qualifier, 1978, 79. wrist.'" duce that is now readily available. U.S. Open Championship Qualifier, 1974. Constant exercise rebuilt the wrist, but If the Government does not act imme British Amateur Champion, 1979. Sigel found himself lining up policies for diately to solve this problem we will be John Hancock rather than putts for birdies forced to act later to alleviate the eco Unlike the U.S. Amateur tournament, on the pro tour. "I'm very fortunate that I nomic distress that will result in farm the British Amateur attracts the top have a wonderful family (he and his wife, ing communities across the Nation. players from around the world to com Betty, have three daughters) and a job I I propose that we act now and I join pete for this title. I believe that Jay's thoroughly enjoy. You never grow too old recent victory is deserving of our praise for insurance and it allows me to do some my distinguished fell ow Georgians and thing I've enjoyed all my life," he said. former Members of Congress in the and congratulations, but more, that Jay Sigel deserves to be recognized as the Although Sigel probably has never enjoyed following message which has been sent a tournament as much as last week's British to President Jimmy Carter: outstanding amateur golf er in the world Amateur, he summed up the satisfactions In the spirit of patriotism, Americanism today. of golf well in 1974, when he rampaged all and for and because of the impending Mr. Speaker, the Philadelphia Inquirer over Wilmington's Bldermann Club with his threat to our na.tionaJ. security, and not for recently chronicled Jay's golfing career, best-ever competitive round, a 66, which any personal or political reasons, we submit and I request that you include this arti was the springboard for a devastating per that unless immediate transportation ls pro cle in my remarks. Finally, I ask each formance in the Philadelphia. Open. Sigel, vided for the movement of m1llions and per playing against local pros, won the event by haps billions of dollars worth of farm pro of my colleagues to join me in offering 12 strokes with a 137 total for 36 holes. duce, our nation will face disaster, ca.tastro our heartiest congratulations to this It ls said that the perfect round in gold phy and anarchy. We former members of young man, who brings honor not only to is an impossible concept of dreaming minds the Congress of the United States and legal the Fifth Congressional District and the on slow, green summery days. The PGA tour, residents of the great state of Georgia stand Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, but to in all its windings over all its courses, has ready to support you in any way we ca.n. all Americans who enjoy the game of offered only one afternoon of such magnif Respectfully submitted, icent realization of potential. Most golf fans John W. Davis, Bill Stuckey, David golf. JAY SIGEL: ATOP BEST OF WORLDS know about that-the time Al Gelberger Gambrel, Carl Vinson, Robert Ste shot a 59. (By BUl Livingston) phens, Maston O'NeaJ., Don Wheeler, Said Jay Sigel of his 66: "Except for one Braswell Deen, Sr., Bllly L. Evans.e Although his name now joins the ranks of hole, I got as much as you could possibly such former British Amateur winners as expect from each shot.'' Lawson Little and Bobby Jones, Jay Sigel re As a result of becoming the 21st American mains a household word ma.inly in the house winner in the 94 years of the British JAY SIGEL CONQUERS AMATEUR holds around his home course, Newtown Amateur, Sigel gains an exemption to next GOLFING WORLD Square's Aronlmlnk GC. year's U.S. Open, played at Baltusrol in His game ls ama.teur golf, after all, and the Summit, N.J., and to the British Open for sporting press, when it turns to this leisurely the next two years. As a Walker Cup team HON. RICHARD T. SCHULZE sport, usually focuses on the $353,000-plus member he was already exempt from qualify OF PENNSYLVANIA won just this year by Tom Watson. Or it ing for this year's U.S. amateur and for next dwells on the hibernation of the Golden Bear, year's Masters, a tournament he has played IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Jack Nicklaus. Or it records all those ma twice. Friday, June 22, 1979 jestically rich weekly winners of all those What can you expect from life? A job you Kemper Opens and Byron Nelson Classics. enjoy? A chance to play a game you love, a • Mr. SCHULZE. Mr. Speaker, it gives Even last weekend's feat by Sigel, a 34- game whose structure makes a liar of the me great pleasure to present to you and yea.r-old insurance executive from Berwyn, calendar and allows its skllls to ~row finer my colleagues today the accomplish who became the first-ever Philadelphia. win with age? To not only play it !or the satis ments of an outstanding young man. Jay ner of the tournament, will be lost amid the faction of self, but to pit your skills against Sigel, a constituent of mine from Ber hub-bub surrounding this week's u .S:-Open. the most bedev111ng tournament geography wYil, Pa., recently achieved a truly great But before Sigel defeated Scott Hoch of of the most demanding courses on the globe? feat in the world of sports which I would Raleigh, N.C., a man 11 years his junior, 3- The only difference between Sigel and the like to bring to the attention of my.col a.nd-2 in Southport, England, to win the Brit PGA players ls that the perfect round ls an leagues. ish Amateur, he had already established his ornament to an amateur's otherwise full llfe, Jay Sigel is 34 years old and is a highly credentials as the dominant figure on the not an obsession. successful insurance executive. For many Philadelphia. golfing scene. "I have no regrets now," Jay Sigel sa.id.e June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16233 INFLATION or forcing firms to underreport their expenses "Fear of Rejection," the Wall Street or leading to lllusory capital gains, inflation Journal, June 16, 1979. raises tax rates. And unfortunately, people The articles follow: HON. BOB WILSON don't work to pay taxes. Firms de not pro RHODESIA, CONT'D OF CALIFORNIA duce goods as a matter of social conscience. People work, in pa.rt, to earn after-tax wages "Our interests there are somewhat lim IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and firms produce goods to earn after-tax ited." Thus, Ambassador Andrew Young dis Friday, June 22, 1979 profits. High and rising tax rates discourage cussing Rhodesia. on "Meet the Press," June production by removing incentives. 3. Brian Crozier (see "The Protracted Con e Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, un The bottom line is that without major leg fiict," p. 786) definitely demonstrates that der leave to extend my remarks in the islation inflation wlll increase tax rates and Mr. Young is taking, as usual, strategic twad RECORD, I include the following: reduce output growth. The "Catch 22" syn dle. Today, with a new government based on SLOW GROWTH INFLATIONARY: OUTPUT Is drome is that lower output further increases successful elections, a good chance of retain KEY TO BUYING POWER inflation. The process ls self-reinforcing and ing most of its white minority, and at least (By Arthur B. Laffer) strong. By way of lllustration, an lnfiatlon a decent ch.a.nee .against Soviet-backed guer rate of 7 percent annually wm raise the rlllas, Rhodesia. stands a.thwart Soviet goals Money is fungible. It crosses national marginal tax rate (tax bracket) of a family in southern Africa. boundaries with ease. A wide variety of with $25,000 income to 38 percent in 1985 Taxonomical notes: Pay close attention to money market instruments exist.s allowing and 46 percent in 1990 from 28 percent in the terms of the Rhodesia. debate as it un the unimaginable of one day to become 1978. folds. For example., in 1973, during the OPEC reality the next. If it can be done at all, President Carter and others assure us that oil boycott, the entire U.S. foreign policy es money can do it. there wm be no Federal tax cuts in this ses tablishment and its media allies made it clear Inflation, which is on everyone's list as sion of Congress. Without being forced to that U.S. policy on Israel would not be af public enemy number one, is nothing other face the voters they probably are correct. As fected by oil considerations. We were Inde than the decline in the purchasing power a. consequence, the prospects for output pendent, yessiree. Today, however, we are be of the monetary unit. This unit, in the case growth are dismal. Slow growth in output ing told that U.S. policy on Rhodesia must of the United States, is the U.S. dollar. and rapid monetary expansion inexorably be submitted for approval to Lagos, Nige As such, inflation quite simply results result in higher infiation. The Mikado ria-because Nigeria is an exporter of oil. Lis from an imbalance between the supply of should take note. ten to our reverend UN ambassador, bloviat dollars and the supply of goods. It has noth Forecasters a.bound. Most make their liv_ lng on "Meet the Press": "I was thinking the ing whatsoever to do with Alfred Kahn, the lng by selling their forecasts and not by liv economic realities [sic] of our economic in jaw-boning of the Council on Wage & Price ing by them. But, interest rates are one fore terdependence with the entire African con Stab111ty (COWPS) or other such nonsense. cast where influence is determined exclusively tinent, and particularly the British de Any policy to reduce infiation must reduce by financial commitment. These forecasts pendence on Nigeria as their largest trading the supply of dollars vis-a-vis the supply of have a definite ring of truth. When trans partner was very bluntly brought home to goods. Alternatively stated, an a.nti-infiation lated, interest rates foretell a period of high Britain when Nigeria. decided that a British policy must increase the supply of goods er infiation in the United States. In the glo firm would not be allowed to bid on a. $200- more than the supply of dolla.rs. The process bal panorama. the prognostications if bad for milllon port development contract, and when o! inflation involves both the money supply the United States are far worse for countries the British Deputy High Commissioner com and the supply of goods. such as Germany and Ja.pan.e plained aibout it, he was given 48 hours The relevant measure for money tran to get out of the country." It's a. good thing, scends national boundaries. Just as the Los whew, that Nigeria did not issue these threats Angeles money supply is not the appropriate when Israel was ooncerned. money measure for Los Angeles inflation, A POLICY OF FEAR The Senate, now firmly convinced that the so too the United States money supply is President would have to be saved in spite of not the appropriate measure !or· U.S. infia himself, is standing on Article I, Section 8 tion. Money markets are global in scope HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL of the Constitution, which says, unequivo and inflation is a worldwide phenomenon. OF ILLINOIS cally, that "the Congress shall have power to Over the past year there has been a 33 regulate commerce with foreign nations." percent increase in one dollar measure of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Last week the Armed Services Committee global money. The bulk of this increase oc Friday, June 22, 1979 reported out, by a vote of 13 ta 3, a veto curred prior to President Carter's announce proof FY 1980 defense bill which lifts the ment of the massive dolla.r rescue program • Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, it is be sanctions aiga.lnst Zimbabwe-Rhodesia. of November 1, 1978. Since November, global coming evident that for the first time money grew at a 20 percent annual rate but, Bad news: Even if the U.S recognizes the in our Nation's history we are engaging Muzorewa government and lifts sanctions, has accelerated sharply in the last month. in a foreign policy increasingly based Recent dollar growth rates, large as they are, Young will not resign. "I don't think-you pale in comparison to money growth rates as on fear. · know, I didn't get in this job thinking I measured in Japanese yen, Swiss francs, or American Ambassador to the United was going to win every battle." West German marks. World money as meas Nations Andrew Young recently sug Hell, no, Young won't go-not until 1980, ured in these currencies has skyrocketed. gested that part of the reason the ad that is. Since November, the dollar has appreci ministration has not lifted the sanctions ated by some 20 percent, 14 percent, and 8 against Rhodesia was fear of offending FEAR OF REJECTION percent against the yen, franc, and mark, Nigeria, whose oil is important to us. The long-imminent strategic arms treaty respectively. This appreciation marks a sharp The entire argument of the adminis has finally arrived, and over the next few reversal in the patterns of the past eight weeks there wlll be plenty of time for de years. But, it would wppear that the entire tration for ratification of the . Salt II tailed textual analysis. But listening to many reversal has resulted from a complete dis Treaty is based on fear of what the So of the proponents over the last few months, appea.rance of discipline from the German viet Union will do unless it gets what it we have heard that the text hardly matters. and Japanese monetary authorities as op wants. Whatever the flaws the provisions are the posed to a "new found religion" in the I would rather face problems resulting best we can do, they argue, and rejecting United States. A depressing picture ls from a drop in imported oil than con the deal wm only make matters worse. rapidly emerging. While grim for the dol stantly live in fear of disturbing Ni At the Vienna summit, Soviet Chairman lar, the picture is absolutely terrifying for Brezhnev backed this argument with some the supposedly "strong" currencies. gerian leaders. And is it too much to ask that when a Soviet leader tells art Amer threats o! his own. If the U.S. Senate re The monetary side ls only half of the total jects or even a.mends the treaty, he warned picture for inflation. Slow output growth ls ican President to his face what the Sen of "grave and even dangerous consequences Just as inflationary as rapid money growth. ate of the United States can and cannot for our relations and !or the situation in The slower the growth in output the higher do, that the President would tell the So the world as a whole." will be the rate of inflation. To see this point viet leader-in diplomatic terms of The fear of rejection has to be faced clearly one need only imagine what happens course-to shut up, sit down, and mind squarely. It w111 be the great subterranean to apple prices when there is a bumper crop. his own totalitarian business? Perhaps force behind the drive !or ratification. Its Obviously, the price o! each apple falls. Like I lack the proper diplomatic touch but infiuence reaches far beyond a final up-or wise, when there is an apple shortage the you get the drift of my suggestions. For down vote. In our Judgment it has already price of each apple rises. Similarly, the more profoundly infiuenced the negotiations. And goods there a.re the lower will be the price eign policy based on fear is doomed to level. certainly it wm influence the drive for failure. amendments. Proposals for amendment a.re Inflation, a.long with the U.S. tax codes, At this point I wish to insert in the likely to be met not with arguments on leads to ever-higher tax rates. Whether push RECORD, "Rhodesia, Cont'd," from the their merits but with the objection: yes, yes, l.ng income earners into higher tax brackets National Review, June 22, 1979, and but do you want to kill the treaty? 16234 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 Fear of rejection is in large part simply are meaningful constraints or vaguely am Admittedly, cunent double-digit inflation fear of the unknown, but if you try to break biguous. If it falls in these respects it should is due to many factors. Not the least of it into analytical pieces you come up with be amended or rejected. If there ls no treaty, these-and probably the basic cause--has two concerns. Without the treaty, the So the essential constraints on Soviet behavior been the irresponsible and excessive mone viets wlll accelerate their mmtary build will remain. If a bad treaty ls approved, tary policies o! the government itself. To up. And without the treaty, the Soviets the result is not likely to be a more reason the extent that controls have any effect on will stir up more trouble around the world. able Soviet Union. Rather, the result will inflation, they make it worse .by discourag But the Soviets are already turning out arms be even more bold and strident Soviet de ing production. like sausages, and are already stirring mands.e THE POINT trouble from Cambodia to Angola to South The whole point of decon·trol ls to en Yemen. Will SALT really cause them to be courage production and competition, giving more reasonable, or rejecting SALT cause A MAGNIFICENT STATEMENT ON consumers the best price possible. them to be less so? OUR NATION'S ENERGY PROB If the congress and the administration Even more precisely, what are the real LEM BY FORMER TREASURY SEC want to identify the real culprit for our constraints on the Soviets? It's hard to find RETARY WILLIAM E. SIMON energy and economic crises, they should go any serious constraint on their weapons pro home and look in the mirror. Our energy and gram in SALT. They have conducted a huge economic si·tuations should bear ·a le.bel: build-up, both strategic and conventional, HON. GUY VANDER JAGT "Made in We.shington, D.C." under SALT-I. SALT-II will require them The latest set of complex taxes the Presi OF MICHIGAN to deactivate some 250 missile silos, but it dent pToposes show that his "new" energy allows them to add some 5,000 warheads. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES policy isn't all that new. It liargely is "the Within the treaty they can meet any mm Friday, June 22, 1979 same old game" of trying to keep private tary requirement they are likely to want. industry under the thumb of the govern Why would they build more without it? • Mr.VANDERJAGT. Mr. Speaker, I ment. The main idea. .remains having Wash The truly serious constraint on Soviet want to bring to the attention of my ington injecting itself in.to virtually every weapons-building is the economic one. Last colleagues a truly outstanding statement corner of the oil and gas business--closely June the CIA issued a public assessment of by our country's former Treasury Sec examrl.nlng, and ultimately controlling, how Soviet mmtary spending, showing it grow retary William E. Simon relative to our much the industry charges for its products, ing 4 percent to 5 percent a year in con how much money it makes, and how it stant prices, consuming 11 percent to 13 Nation's energy problem. This article by uses its profits. percent of the Soviet GNP, and consuming Bill Simon, who also served as Admin There ls an underlying assumption that one-third of the output in machine building strator of the Federal Energy Admin every dollar made by an oil and gas company and metalworking. A slowing Soviet economy istration a number of years ago, ap is dirty money-unearned money-and will make it more dimcult to sustain this peared in the June 12 edition of the Oil therefore should be subjecit t.o governmen pace, the CIA estimated, but predicted at Daily. As this Congress now prepares to tal direction best a marginal slowing. It added, "Conclu deal once again with energy legislation, Certainly, President Carter's initial decon sion of a SALT II agreement along the lines primarily the so-called "windfall prof trol moves have to be applauded. But with currently being discussed would not, in it a little more courage, it could have been self, slow the growth of Soviet defense spend its" measure, I earnestly urge all Mem done immediately--overnight. ing significantly." bers to read this magnificent statement. Instead o! the phased system, tied to In the political field, the Soviets have I would particularly stress several added taxation there could have been one stepped up emigration permits and made a points in Mr. Simon's statement. First, quick slice of the sword-and be done with few friendly gestures. But even the ges and foremost, he states: it. Sure, that would have been a difficult tures are marred by what seems a congenital The whole point of decontrol is to en political decision. But it would have shown ill-nature; as whe.n they allow a dissident to courage production and competition, giving that the President understood the problem flee but drag their feet over his family. In the consumers the best price possible. and was willing to take political risks for geo-politics, they have supplied arms aid to the good of the country. establish new Marxist reg1mes in South Viet Another segment of his statement is The White House contended that more nam, Laos, Cambodia, Angola, Ethiopia, Af worth emphasizing: rapid decontrol would have substantially ghanistan and South Yemen. Without SALT, America has the abillty to solve its energy worsened the rate of inflation. With the con without detente would it have been nine and economic problems. That ab111ty does sumer price index climbing from a 4.8 per nations instead of seven? not depend on more governmental solutions cent annual rise rate in 1976 to nearly 15 Regardless of treaty ratification, the So to those government created in the first percent today, that argument has an incred viets will be constrained by their economic place. Government doesn't create wealth; ibly hollow sound to it. problems, by their succession uncertainties, people do. The genius of the American free If government removed the impediments and most of all by fairness about awaken enterprise system has been, and continues and barriers it has erected to energy produc ing a West still full of latent power. That to be, our ab11lty to produce our way out of tion, including all domestic crude oil price ls not to say, of course, that it's impossible crisis. controls, the nation could move expeditious to wring more m11ltary expenditure out of The entire article, entitled, "Central ly toward greater self-sufficiency and break a stagnant economy. And it certainly is not the stranglehold petroleum imports have on to dismiss the possibillty that they might re Challenge Is How To Rekindle America's our economy. act to the rejection or amendment of SALT Pioneer Spirit," follows: II with a show of belligerence somewhere in Immediate decontrol would have gener CENTRAL CHALLENGE Is How To REKINDLE ated confidence and a level of investment the world, exploiting sooner rather than AMERICA'S PIONEER S·PIRrr later the opportunities implicit in a de necessary to overcome petroleum exporting teriorating U.S. m11ltary posture, even in (By William E. Simon) countries' ability to demand and get "black crucial areas such as the Middle East. Yet Listening to President Carter's latest ener mail" prices, such as a recent surcharge they unless the West does something to redress gy message, I kept saying to myself that I tacked onto their oil. If the government had the underlying m11ltary a.nd political de had heard all of this many times before. the courage to do so at that time, the market terioration, these opportunities will only It was the sam.e music set to different likely would not have sustained the grow, and ultimately and inevitably be ex words. surcharge. ploited, with SALT or without it. The Carter Administration's "new" ener From an inflation standpoint, we lost that This ls why senator Jackson has started gy policy is based on old foundations. To one. Instead, we find ourselves still locked be sure, the President has made some in into the same old position of subsidizing to talk about "appeasement." About this he tellectual progress in recognizing at last that foreigners because we are afraid to put was rather precise: "Diplomatic accommo oil prices must be decontrolled. He rightly money in the pockets of our own producers. dation becomes appeasement when we make Profits are what we need to destroy oil ex concessions out of fear that the Soviets will deserves credit for moving in that direc cause trouble around the world unless we tion. porting countries• ab11lty to blackmail us. At the same time, his references to "rip PRODUCE WAY OUT yield to their desires." The precise mistake offs" and "enormous profits" which must be made at Munich was to yield to unreason taxed away left considerable doubt in my America has the ab111ty to solve its energy able demands out of fear of what would hap mind that he wlll stick with price decontrol and economic problems. That abillty does pen if those demands were rejected; we not depend on more governmental solutions 1f Congress doesn't pass an affiliated con learned that appeasement leads to yet more fiscatory tax he has proposed. to those government created in the first unreasonable demands and higher risks of President Carter has ma.de a big point place. Government doesn't create wealth; conflict. of decontrol's potential inflwtionary con people do. The genius of the American free So the debate on SALT comes back to sequences. His advisors have tended to blame enterprise system has been, and continues whether the text released yesterday can inflation on everybody and every·thing but to be, our abllity to produce our way out of withstand the scrutiny it will receive, those mainly responsible. They have blamed crisis. whether it really provides equality or ad the unions, big business, the workers, ob In the energy field, our country has a vances the Soviet buildup, whether its terms scene profits, and the American people. super abundance of natural resources and June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16235

technology. It is government that is stifling genius, of courage and of chance in history, ment remains the position of top Pentagon the ability to bring them on-stream. the future always appears impossible," wrote officials, but she said she didn't know what By the govermnent's own admission, we Gilder. the administration's position is. She said the have billions of barrels of oil awaiting ex Because government holds out the false paragraph of support was deleted within the ploration and production. promise of a sale, secure, and predictable Pentagon before the statement was sub There are considerable natural gas sup wortd, too many have turned to it for all mitted to some unnamed part of the ad plies available, at slightly higher prices. the answers. The true lesson of history is rnin.stration for approval. Half the free world's coal resources are in that the future is forever incalculable. lt House Majority Leader Jim Wright (D the U.S., enough to last 1,000 years. can be mastered only by those who are will Tex.) • who has become the chief cheerleader Nuclear energy remains a viable source. ing and permitted to tackle the unknown. for the synthetic fuel subsidy, had sounded All these potential supplies are bound by The central challenge of our time is how optimistic about getting administration sup· constraints, suoh as federal and state limita to rekindle the pioneer spirit, the spirit of port after a sell.ng job at the White House tions which have held U.S. coal mining to adventure, of reaching into the not always last week. Yesterday, Wright said President levels little more than they were four dec predictable, and of preserving the liberty to Carter had told them he would have no ob ades ago. . do so. jection to the proposal. GOVERNMENT HOLDBACK Political courage and public wisdom are Part of the administration's reluctance to Domestic oil and gas production have been the keys to accomplishing this.e embrace the Wright bill reportedly is its de held back by goverrunent policies which arti sire to pay for any such program out of an ficially depressed prices and tied the petro energy trust fund it hopes to finance with leum industry's hands behind its back. The proceeds from its proposed "windfall profits" goverrunent encouraged consumers to believe DEFENSE TESTIMONY FAILS TO EN tax on decontrolled oil, rather than from they could have as much as they wanted at general funds. cheap prices. DORSE SYNTHETIC FUEL BILL Meanwhile, a group of senators led by In the nuclear area, we were the pioneers. Howard Metzenbaum (D-Ohio), and Edward Now it takes 14 yea.rs for us to build a nu M. Kennedy (D-Mass.) cosponsored a pack clear power station, compared to 4 Y:i years in HON. RON PAUL age of five mandatory energy conservation Japan, for instance. OF TEXAS bills. Some had been dropped from Carter's To break the stranglehold that petroleum IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES omnibus en~rgy bill last year. They would exporting countries have on our economy ban the sale of gas-guzzling cars, require and, importantly, on our foreign policy de Friday, June 22, 1979 retrofitting furnaooo when a building is cisions, America needs a ,full-fledged double • Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, I would like sold, require homeowners to have an energy pronged attack: to insert in the RECORD an article that audi.t conducted before selling their homes, Through conserva.tion, effectively forcing appeared in the Washington Post on require strict enforcement of the 55-mph necessary energy savings by a.llowing prices speed limit, a.nd require industrial motors to to reach market levels. · June 13, 1979. It is not surprising that achieve minimum efficiency standards.e Through production, including develop the subcommittee did not hear the testi ment o! alternate energy sources, such as mony it apparently expected to hear, for shale oil production, safe use of nuclear the Defense Department had already power, and envirorunentally acceptable min testified before the subcommittee that a ANOTHER TAX BILL AND ANOTHER ing and burning of coal. 5-year plan to create a commercial size "ANTIENERGY" STEP BACKWARD Nothing would more effeotively force oil synthetic fuels industry through mas exporting countries to moderate their pric ing .and supply actions than the United sive Government subsidies is unrealistic. States showing it is serious a.bout conserving The article follows : HON. GUY VANDER JAGT oil and gas and developing its readily acces DEFENSE TESTIMONY FAILS To ENDORSE OF MICHIGAN sable alternate energy resources. SYNTHETIC FuEL BILL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 'Despite this, too many U.S. decision (By Richard L. Lyons) Friday, June 22, 1979 makers continue to cite excuses for the gov A House subcommittee that had hoped to ernment running things with more of the hear administration support !or an expanded e Mr.VANDERJAGT. Mr. Speaker, as same policies that put us in the position we synthetic fuel subsidy program was frus my colleagues realize, in recent days-· are in today. trated yesterday when its witness failed to FAITH IN PEOPLE our House Committee on Ways and testify as expected. Means has tried to deal with the question What we so desperately need is !or our Congressional Democratic leaders and their of "wind!all profits." Unfortunately, in elected leaders in Washington to stop plac energy specialists have gotten behind a bill ing so much faith in government and place approved by the House Banking Committee my opinion, the committee has reported more fa.I.th in the people themselves. Our authorizing price and loan guarantees to another "big tax" bill and, more than greatness as a nation depends on trusting in push conversion of coal to oil and production likely, dealt a fatal blow to any future our people as well as our ideals. of other synthetic fuels. The committee bill hopes of oil exploration and development We are careening away from free individ would authorize $2 billion in federal aid to in our own country. ual choice and toward centralized govern~ produce the equivalent of an extra 5-00,000 Today's Wall Street Journal editorial, mental planning. Every year, we are becom barrels of oil a day. The House leadership "The Great Oil Robbery," says it best. ing more and more like an energy police wants to at least double the program by floor state. amendments. All in all the committee's bill amounts The consumer is becoming increasingly As part of the campaign to promote a.n ex to an additional tax of $28 billion on do regimented by Washington. Before long, I panded program, · Rep. William Moorhead mestic energy production over the next wouldn't be surprised to see government (D-Pa.), whose subcommittee wrote the 5 years-a marvelous disincentive to the a.gents checking out thermostats. What is original bill, asked the Defense Department oil companies (and the independent said to be voluntary seems to wind up to send a witness to discuss defense energy wildcatters> to reduce our dependence on actually being mandatory. needs. He expected support for the program. OPEC oil, and a marvelous new slush Bureaucracy is rapidly replacing P., system The statement that Deputy Undersecre of liberty which became the envy of the tary of Defense Ruth Davis submitted to the fund for buying votes. world. Government's major contribution in subcommittee a day in advance did exactly My hope is that before we vote on this the energy field, for example, has been the that, with a final paragraph stating that committee bill all Members will weigh creation of a Department of Energy, a senior Defense omcials believe the only it carefully. The measure has entirely bureaucratic sheikdom with a budget short-term solution to "this serious national the wrong approach, the wrong thrust exceeding all the profits of the seven largest security problem [uncertainty o! oil sup and will produce the wrong results. The oil companies and the capital and explora plies], is !or the United States to accelerate Wall Street Journal editorial follows: tion expenditures of the U.S. petroleum the commercial development of synthetic industry. fuels." THE GREAT OIL ROBBERY It has been estimated that the DOE spent But when Davis appeared yesterday morn We have said from the first that the Presi $600,000 per employee in 1979, or $12.9 ing, that paragraph, the only reference ln dent's "windfall tax" proposal was a revenue billion total. her statement to synthetic fuel development, measure in thin disguise. This week the What government has pretended to do is had been deleted. House Ways and Means Committee under take all the risk and adventure out of living. It never became entirely clear wha.t hap lined the point with a vengeance, voting by As noted by author George Gilder, in a pened to that paragraph overnight. Rep. 20-16 to raise the marginal tax on newly dis recent Harper's magazine article, it reflects Stewart McKinney (R-Conn.), suggested that covered oil to 70 percent instead of the 50 an attempt to banish danger and uncer pennypinchers at the White House or the percent proposed by the President. The com tainty from human affairs. This is an odd omce of Management and Budget ordered its mittee also amended the President's proposal approach for a nation built by risk takers, deletion. in specific ways designed to squeeze more tax not risk a verters. Davis said her original statement of sup revenues out of Alaskan oil, marginal wells "For those who doubt the decisive role of port !or stepped-up synthetic fuel develop- and old oil. All in all the committee's bill 16236 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 amounts to an additional tax of $28 billion trical equipment manufactures, so private its pricing irresponsibility. We have got on domestic energy production over the next capital seeks safety in these investments. to insist that the Department of Energy, five yea.rs-a. marvelous disincentive to the The future currently being sketched out EPA, OSHA, and all the rest of the regu oil companies to reduce our dependence on in Congress is cushy for the politicians, and OPEC oil, and a. marvelous new slush fund perhaps comfortable enough for some of the lators back off from trying to manage for buying votes. oil giants. But is is also a. prescription for every aspect of the private enterprise The men in Washington have ma.de it clear permanent and mounting energy prob system. that what comes first with them is not to lems. Do we really want energy provided In order to reduce unhealthy demand solve the country's energy problems, but to in the same manner as ma.ii and ra.11 serv on oil as a chief supplier of energy, we profit by them. The tax is designed to make ices, at the same expense as defense-cost must also move full speed ahead with the U.S. government a. beneficiary of all fu overruns, and by the same people whose alternative energy innovations, like gaso ture OPEC price increases. And combined energy policies have given America. the only hol production, other synthetic fuel de with the huge subsidies for synthetic fuel gasoline lines in the world.e also rolling through Congress, it will come velopment, coal gasification, oil shale, close to nationalizing the energy industry, solar, nuclear, and geothermal projects. reducing the oil companies to two roles: Given a spirit of cooperation and reason marketing OPEC oil and performing contrac able compromise by both Government tual services for the U.S. government. Invest THE GASOLINE CRISIS and private enterprise, it should be pos ment in energy development will fl.ow not to sible to develop these alternative energy the cheapest alternatives; but to those that HON. J. KENNETH ROBINSON supplies without jeopardizing either the spread government largess to the widest environment or human health or safety. number of congressional districts. OF VIRGINIA The American people are not going to The tax wm simultaneously discourage IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be forgiving if this Congress continues U.S. oll exploration and deprive the industry Friday, June 22, 1979 of the revenues necessary to establish itself to dilly-dally instead of acting positively in new technologies and energy sources. U.S. e Mr. ROBINSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to overcome the fuel shortage.• oil wm be sold at the OPEC price, but U.S. to express total disgust about the con producers will not receive that price. A fusing, contradictory plethora of Fed MAJOR CLEVELAND LABOR GROUP benchmark price for U.S. oU is established, eral rules, regulations, controls and re and the government takes 70 percent of the ENDORSES IRISH RESOLUTION excess. The higher the OPEC price rises above strictions that have contributed so heav the benchmark, the higher the government ily to the present gasoline crisis. take, and the lower the incentive to recover As far as I am concerned, the current HON. MARIO BIAGGI oil from increasingly expensive environ gasoline shortage represents the chick OF NEW YORK ments. ens coming home to roost for a recent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Meanwhile, numerous bills have been in succession of liberal-controlled Con troduced to give some of this money back to gresses, their regulation-happy friends Friday, June 22, 1979 the oil companies to develop even more ex in the Federal bureaucracy, and their • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, it is a great pensive energy, making synthetic fuels. For pleasure for me to insert into the RECORD example, in the Senate there is legislation like-minded cohorts at lesser levels of afoot to establish a. Synthetic Fuels and Al Government. Year after year, they have the text of a resolution adopted by the ternative Fuels Production Authority to the paved the way to the present mess by Cleveland AFL-CIO Federation of Labor tune of $75 billion. In the House there is piling layer upon costly layer of more in support of the work of the Ad Hoc legislation to establish a government-owned laws and controls upon the energy Congressional Committee for Irish Af Synthetic Fuels Reserve Corporation. Ac producing segments of this Nation's fairs of which I am privileged to be cording to Rep. Toby Moffett, who has played economy. chairman. a leading role in creating the energy prob Aided and abetted by some misguided I am especially pleased with their sup lem, "The synthetic fuel thing is greased. port of House Concurrent Resolution 122 You've never seen such a locomotive." public interest groups, they have raised Cain over numerous constructive energy legislation which I introduced on May 17. There are no economic or energy reasons It calls on the new Government of Great for discouraging the domestic production of growth proposals for the last decade, relatively cheap natural fuels and establish completely ignoring the fact that meet Britain to break the stalemate over ing the government in the business of ing basic human needs deserves prece Northern Ireland by embarking on a new funding the development of relatively expen dence over curiosities like a lousewort initiative to restore human rights and sive synthetic fuels. But there a.re plenty of plant or a small darter minnow. So they self-determination. The resolution has political res.sons for doing so. Politicians can have stymied construction of essential 64 cosponsors at the present time. curry favor with voters by punishing on oil and gas pipelines, blocked the devel I had the pleasure of speaking in companies for the gasoline lines ca.used in Cleveland on May 29 at a luncheon spon fa.ct by DOE regulations, a.nd they can use opment of new oil refineries and power plants. sored by the Cleveland chapter of the the mu1'ti-b1llions of dollars in new ta.x They have prevented rational ex Irish National Caucus. At that time an revenues to hand out favors. Foremost of ploration and development of promising impressive coalition of labor, business, all is the additional power that accrues to energy fields in remote land areas as government from control over the produc and political leaders from the Cleveland well as on the offshore ocean beds. and Cuyahoga County area rallied tion and allocation of energy. Who can af They have imposed unrealistic stand ford not to "cooperwte" with Washington around the theme of human rights for when he needs a. government energy alloca ards on auto-makers and refiners so Northern Ireland. It demonstrated the tion before he ca.n produce a. product, offer that it now takes more oil to produce extent to which recognition of the agony a. service or build a. plant? less gasoline. They have scapegoated the of Ireland is growing in America. Some oil companies, especially those with electric power industry, drastically dis The ad hoc committee, 131 members little or no U.S. oll, might look forward with rupted the normal management opera strong, exists for the sole purpose of ad relief to becoming government contractors. tions of the oil industry and, through vancing a positive U.S. role in the pur There's nothing like cost-plus contracts to new mining requirements, are seriously suit of peace and justice in Ireland. The remove the risk from new ventures and un impeding increased production by the support we received from around the tried technologies-or to balloon the cost of coal industry. energy to the consumer. Many of the com Nation provides a tremendously impor panies have already been trained to this role All this can hardly be comforting to tant incentive. by the foreign governments who expropri millions of citizens stuck in long waiting At this point in the RECORD I wish to ated ·their equity and transformed them lines at the filling stations of America. insert the aforementioned Cleveland from owners to contraictua.l marketing But I think the record should be clearly resolution: a.gents. pointed out. Thanks more to the Big RESOLUTION Faced with de facto na.tiona.Uza.tion of Government crowd than to any oil cartel, Whereas the cornerstone of United States their energy activities, the oil companies we have been forced into our present foreign policy is respect for human rights; naturally wm try to protect the private plight. and equity they retain by diversifying into new Whereas part 1, article 1 of the Interna lines of activity, limiting their energy role We cannot hope to overcome present tional Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to no-risk government contracts. Having lost energy problems over the long term until to which both the United Kingdom and the their prope1·ty rights in oil abroad, they are Government in general starts eliminat United States are signatories, states that all now undergoing a. full-fl.edged attack on ing the shortsighted controls that have people have the right of self-determination; them at home. The U.S. gove·rnment is not handcuffed U.S. energy producers while a.nd yet expropria. ting department stores or elec- rewarding the international oil cartel for Whereas the United States Congress 1s June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16237 deeply concerned over the tragic situation in Mr. Michael D. Barnes of Maryland. Employment Relations Boa.rd. 'Ibe Boa.rd Ireland; and Mr. Tony P. Hall of Ohio. shall consist of six members, selected from Whereas the United States has a meaning Mr. William M. Brodhead of Michigan. among individuals in the private sector, who ful role to play in the search for a just and Ms. Barbara Mikulski of Maryland. have a demonstrated commitment to fair lasting peace in Ireland; Mr. Robert T. Matsui of California. employment relations- Now, therefore, be it resolved, That the Mr. Pat Williams of Montana. ( 1) three of whom shall be appointed by, Cleveland AFL-CIO Federation of Labor sup Mr. Abner Mikva of Illinois. and may be removed by, the Speaker of the port the work of Congressman Mario Biaggi's Mr. Charles Wilson of Texas. House; and Ad Hoc Committee on Irish Affairs and the Mr. Martin Frost of Texas. (2) three of whom shall be appointed by, work of the Irish Nation.11 Caucus on bring Mr. John Buchanan of Alabama. and may be removed by, the minority leader ing about public awareness of the solution of Mr. Jim Santini of Nevada. of the House. the problem of Northern Ireland, and Mr. Bill Frenzel of Minnesota. No individual who has served as a Member, Be it further resolved, That the Cleveland Mr. Dante Fa.seen of Florida. officer, or employee of the Senate or the AFL-CIO Federation of Labor urge the Con Mr. Matthew McHugh of New York. House of Representatives or as a.n officer or gress of the United States to call upon the Mr. Les Aucoin of Oregon. employee of the Congress may be appointed Government of Great Britain to embark upon Mr. Stephen Neal of North Carolina. as a member of the Board during the three a new initiative for Ireland that ends all Mr. Dale Kildee of Michigan. year period following the termination of his violations of human rights and promotes Mr. John Anderson of Illinois. or her service as such a Member, officer, or self-determinatlon.e Mr. Edward Markey of Massachusetts. employee. Mr. Tom Downey of New York. ( b) Each member of the Board shall be Mr. Stephen Solarz of New York. appointed for a term of four years com HOUSE RESOLUTION 292 Ms. Elizaibeth Holtzman of New York. mencing with the day after the expiration, Mr. John Seiberling of Ohio. of the term of his or her predecessor, except Mr. Paul Simon of Illinois. that of the members first appointed- · HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER Mr. Charles C. Diggs, Jr. of Michigan. (1) one member appointed by the Speaker OF COLORADO Mr. Paul McCloskey, Jr. of California.. and one member appointed by the minority Mr. Richard Gephardt of Missouri. leader (as designated at the time of appoint IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Berkley Bedell of Iowa. ment) shall be appointed for a term of two Friday, June 22, 1979 Mr. Ron Dellums of California. years commencing on the day on which this Mr. William Lehman of Florida.. resolution is a.greed to; and •Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, on Mr. Leon Panetta of California. (2) two members appointed by the Speaker May 30, Representative Mo UDALL, Rep Mr. Richard Ottinger of New York. and two members appointed by the minority resentative ROBERT DRINAN, and myself Mr. Alvin Baldus of Wisconsin. leade1 (as designated at the time of appoint introduced House Resolution 292, the ment) shall be appointed for a term of four House fair employment practices resolu H . R.Es. 292 yea.rs commencing on such day. tion. I am happy to drop the bill in the Resolved, Th81t this resolution may be cited Any member appointed to fill a vacancy oc hopper again-this time with 43 cospon as the "Fair Employment Relations Resolu curring prior to the expiration of a term sors. tion". shall be appointed only for the unexpired On June 6, a week after we introduced PURPOSE portion of such term. Any member serving SEc. 2. It is the purpose of this resolution at the expiration of a. term may continue to this legislation, the Supreme Court hand serve until his or her successor is appointed. ed down a decision which presents House to implement clause 9 of rule XLIII and clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI of the Rules of ( c) The Boa.rd shall elect one of its mem Resolution 292 in a dif!erent light-the the House of Representatives, by establish bers to serve as Chairperson. Davis against Passman case. In this de ing a House Fair Employment Rela.tions (d) A quorum of the Board shall consist cision, the court reversed 5 to 4 the Sixth Board, a Horuse Fair Employment Rela.tions of four members, but no action of the Boa.rd Circuit Court of Appeals decision in Office, and procedures for hearing and set in performing the functions and duties spec Davis against Passman and held that tling complaints alleging violations of clause ified in paragraphs ( 1) and ( 3) of section the :fifth amendment gives congressional 9 of rule XLIII and els.use 6(a.) (3) (A) of rule 101:(a) or in appointing or removing the employees the right to sue in Federal XI of the Rules of the House of Representa Director under section 201 may be ta.ken ex court for damages for discrimination tives by Members, officers, and employees o! cept with the concurrence of a majority of by their employers. the House. the members holding office. DEFINITIONS (e) The Board is authorized to delegate to An instrumental factor in the decision SEC. 3. For purposes of this resolution, the the Chairperson or any other member of the was the fact that when Shirley Davis' term- Board the authority to approve on behalf constitutional rights had been violated, (1) "Boa.rd" means the House Fair Em of the Board those actions of the Director she had no form of redress other than the . ployment Relations Board established by which require approval of the Board under Federal courts; for Congress does not section 101; sections 201, 202, and 203. have a: mechanism through which to im (2) "Office" mea.ns the House Fair Em COMPENSATION plement clause 9 of rule XLIII of the ployment Relations Office established by sec SEC. 102. Each member of the Board shall House of Representatives Code of Official tion 201; receive compensation equal to the daily Conduct prohibiting sex discrimination. ( 3) "Director" means the Director OI! the equivalent of the salary of the Clerk of the Our legislation, House Resolution 292, House Fair Employment Rela.tions Office House for each day on which the member ls esta.blished by section 201; engaged in performing his or her duties as a attempts to :fill that void. It establishes a (4) "employee of the House" means any member of the Board and in traveling from due process procedure for House em individual who is an employee of the House, or to his or her home to attend meetings of ployees, yet does not infringe upon the or is treated as an employee of the House, the Board. Each member shall also be en rights of Representatives to select stat! for purposes of the Code of Official Conduct titled to reimbursement for transportation based upon legitimate criteria related of the House of Representatives; costs and actual travel expenses while so to job performance, nor does it prevent (5) "complainant" means a.n employee C1f traveling in the same amounts as a.re payable them from considering geographical, the House or other individual who applies for to employees of the House. a position in the House and who files a com MEETINGS; ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES political, or other factors. pla.irut under section 302; Next week, another "Dear Colleague" (6) "respondent" means a Member, officer, SEC. 103. (a) The Board shall meet at least will be circulated on House Resolution or em,ployee of the House against whom a once every three months and shall also meet 292. I urge my colleagues to take a close complaint is filed under section 302; upon call of the Chairperson or of a majority of the members holding office. Notice of any look at it and its provisions. You owe it (7) "Member" means a Representative in Congress, a Delegate to Congress, or the Resi meeting of the Board shall be given to all to your employees and your constituents. members at least three days prior to such I include the following: dent Commissioner from Puerto Rico; (8) "office of the H;ouse" includes the of meeting. LIST OF COSPONSORS fice of a Member; and (b) All necessary administrative services Mr. Donald J. Pease of Ohio. (9) "clause 9 of rule XLIII or clause 6(a) required by the Board shall be furnished by Mr. Howard Wolpe of Michigan. (3) (A) of rule XI" refers to clause 9 of rule the Office. Mr. Frederick Richmond of New York. XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI of the FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES Mr. William Gray III of Pennsylvania. Rules of the House of Representatives. SEC. 104. (a) It shall be the function and Mr. Vic Fazio of California. TITLE I-FAIR ElVIPLOYMENT RELATIONS duty of the Board- Mr. Bruce Vento of Minnesota. BOARD Mr. Ted Weiss of New York. ( 1) to establish and publish policies a.ncl Mr. Harold L. Volkmer of Missouri. ESTABLISHMENT guidelines for the implementation and en Mr. Don Edwards of California.. SEC. 101. (a) There is established an office forcement of clause 9 of rule XLIII and Mr. Daniel Flood of Pennsylvania.. of the House to be known as the House Fair clause 6(a.) (3) (A) of rule XI; 16238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 (2) to supervise the actions of the Direc Office shall ( 1) develop procedures to imple make ·a request to the Office for counseling tor and the operations of the Office through ment the policies and guidelines of the Board and assistance. The Director shall designate the Director; and to encourage full compliance with clause 9 employees of the Office to serve as coun (3) to hear and determine complaints of rule XLIII and clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule selors. Counselors shall advise employees and alleging violations of clause 9 of rule XLIII XI by all Members, officers, and employees of other individuals as to their rights under and clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI in ac the House and (2) perform such other func clause 9 of rule XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) cordance with title III. tions as may be prescribed by the Board. of rule XI and furnish such other a.dvlce (b) In order to carry out its !unctions and (b) The Office shall gather and maintain and assistance as may be requested with duties under title III, the Board is author information with respect to each category of respect to the application of clause 9 of rule ized to appoint and fix the compensation employees and individuals who are afforded XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI. No (subject to applicable limitations imposed equal employment opportunity by clause 9 written statement shall be required for an by or pursuant to law on the salaries of em of rule XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule employee or other individual to receive ployees of the House of Representatives) of XI, including, to the extent possible, infor counseling and assistance under this section. such number of hearing examiners as may be mation relating to individuals who apply for (b) counseling under this section must necessary. Any such hearing examiner may positions on the staffs of committees and be requested within sixty days of the action be appointed on a temporary (not to exceed offices of the House. The Office shall also giving rise to the alleged discrimination, one year) or intermittent basis and any gather and maintain information with re unless the Director authorizes counseling hearing examiner so appointed may be paid, spect to the employment practices of com after such sixty-day period or unless the for each day on which he or she performs mittees and offices of the House. Each year alleged discrimination is based upon a con services, not in excess of the daily equ,.valent the Director, with the approval of the Board, tinuing practice or policy. of the highest salary which may be paid to a shall submit to the House a report with re INFORMAL COMPLAINTS AND CONCILIATION hearing examiner appointed on a permanent spect to the information gathered under this SEC. 302. (a) Any employee of the House, basis. subsection. Each report after the first report (c) The Board may adopt such regulations or other individual who applies for a posi shall contain a comparison and evaluation of tion in the House, who believes that he or as it determines necessary to carry out its the data contained in such report with the duties and !unctions. she is being or has been discriminated data contained in prior reports. against in violation of clause 9 of rule XLIII PAYMENT OF EXPENSES ( c) Upon the request of any committee or or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI may, within SEc. 105. The expenses of the Boa.rd (in office of the House, the Office shall submit to · twenty days after counseling ls requested cluding compensation of members of the such committee or office its recommendations under section 301, file an informal complaint Board and hearing examiners) shall be paid for improvements in the employment prac with the Director. Such an informal com from the contingent fund of the House of tices of such committee or office. The Office plaint may be filed only against an individ Representatives pursuant to appropriations shall assist the placement office with the de ual whom the complainant believes actu made to the contingent fund for such pur velopment of procedures to collect and dis ally participated in the alleged violation or pose. Until funds are first so appropriated, seminate applications submitted by individ the individual who has authority to remedy such salaries and expenses shall be paid from uals from categories which a.re afforded equal the alleged violation, or both. Such an in the contingent fund out of funds appro employment opportunity by clause 9 of rule formal complaint shall consist of a brief priated for "Miscellaneous Items". Such sal XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI. written statement of the alleged violation. aries and expenses Shall be paid out of the ( d) The Office shall review the procedures The Director shall furnish a copy of such contingent fund upon vouchers approved by and practices for receiving, hearing, and set informal complaint to the respondent and, the Chairperson, except that vouchers shall tling complaints of alleged violations of if the respondent ls a.n officer or employee, not be required for the disbursement of sala clause 9 of rule XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) shall furnish a copy of such informal com ries of employees paid at an annual rate. of rule XI under title III and mal:e recom plaint to the respondent's employer. TITLE II-HOUSE FAIR EMPLOYMENT mendations regarding the continuation or (b) Upon the filing of an informal com improvement of such procedures. Not later plaint under subsection (a), the Director RELATIONS OFFICE than January 3, 1981, the Director, with the shall collect information concerning the al ESTABLISHMENT approval of the Board, shall submit to the leged violation. Within forty-five days after SEC. 201. (a) There is established an oftlce House the results of such review, together the date of filing, the Director shall submit of the House to be known as the House Fair with his or her recommendations. Such report a report to the Board wt th respect to such Employment Relations Oftlce. The Oftlce shall shall be referred to the appropriate commit informal complaint and shall furnish copies be headed by a Director who shall be appoint tee or committees of the House which, within of such report to the complainant and re ed by, and shall serve at the pleasure of, 11he one hundred and eighty days after the date spondent and, if the respondent is an officer Board. The Director shall receive compensa of referral, shall submit their recommenda or employee, shall furnish a copy of such tion at an annual rate fixed by the Board, tions on the report to the House. report to tre respondent's employer. but not in excess of the highest rate of basic SUPPLIES; PAYMENT OF EXPENSES (c) (1) If as a result of the information pay, as in effect from time to time, of level collected under subsection (b), the Director V of the Executive Schedule in section 5316 SEC. 203. (a) The Director is authorized to determines that there is no reason to be ot title 5, United States Code. procure such books, stationery, and other lieve that a violation of clause 9 of rule (b) The Director, with the approval of the supplies as may be necessary for the proper XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI may Board, shall appoint and fix the compensa performance of the !unctions and duties of have occurred, he or she shall so state in tion (subject to applicable salary limitations the Office. The Architect of the Capitol and the report submitted pursuant to such sub imposed by or pursuant to law on the sala the Sergeant at Arms of the House of Rep section, together with his or her reasons tor ries of employees of the House) of such per resentatives shall furnish the Office such fur such determination. sonnel as may be necessary to carry out tJhe niture and office equipment as may be nec (2) If as a result of the information col duties and !unctions of the Oftlce. All per essary. lected under subsection (b), the Director sonnel of the Oftlce shall be appointed with (b) The expenses of the Office (including determines that there is reason to believe a out regard to political affiliation and solely salaries) shall be paid from the contingent violation of clause 9 of rule XLIII or clause on the basis of their fitness to perform their fund of the House of Representatives pur 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI may have occurred, duties. suant to appropriations made to the con he or she shall attempt to resolve such vio (c) In carrying out the functions and du tingent fund for such purpose. Until funds lation by informal means. If an informal ties of the Office, the Director, with the ap are first so appropriated, such salaries and agreement between the complainant and re proval of the Board, may procure the tem expenses shall be paid from the contingent spondent is reached, the Director shall so porary (not to exceed one year) or intermit fund out of funds appropriated for "Mis state in the report submitted pursuant to tent services of experts or consultants or cellaneous Items". Such salaries and ex such subsection. If an informal agreement organizations thereof by contract as inde penses shall be paid out of the contingent between the complainant and the respondent pendent contractors, or, in the case of in fund upon vouchers signed by the Director, is not reached, the Director shall include his dividual experts or consultants, by employ and approved by the Board, except that or her findings in the report submitted pur ment at rates of pay not in excess of the daily vouchers shall not be required for the dis suant to such subsection. bursement of salaries of employees pa.id at equivalent of the higihest rate of compensa PART B-FORMAL COMPLAINTS AND HEARINGS tion which may be paid to employees of the an annual rate. Office appointed on a permanent basis. TITLE III-COMPLAINTS OF VIOLATIONS FILING OF FORMAL COMPLAINTS (d) The Director may prescribe the duties OF EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTU SEc. 311. (a) If the report of the Director and responsibilities of the personnel of the NITY under section 302 with respect to an informal Office, and delegate to them authority to per PART A-COUNSELING AND CONCILIATION complaint sets forth the Director's determi nation that there is reason to believe that a form any of the functions and duties imposed COUNSELING AND ASSISTANCE on the Office or on the Director, with the violation of clause 9 of rule XLIII or clause exception of the submission of reports under SEc. 301. (a) Any employee of the House, 6(a) (3) (A) of ru~e XI may have occurred sections 302 (b) and (c). or other individual who applies for a posi but no agreement has been reached between tion in the House, who believes that he or the complainant and the respondent, then FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES she is being or has been discriminated the complainant may, within thirty days SEc. 202. (a) In addition to the functions against in violation of clause 9 of rule after the date on which such report is sub and duties imposed on it by title llI. the XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI may mitted to the Board, file a formal complaint June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16239 with the Board. A formal complaint shall be the Board under section 313 may, within than .the Board, the Director, and employees under oath and shall be in such form and thirty days after the decision or order is of the Office, and, with respect to any appeal set forth the basis of the complaint in such issued, appeal the decision or order to the taken under section 321 , the Committee on detail as the Board may prescribe by rule or Committee on Standards of Official Conduct. Standards of Official Conduct. regulation. (b) Within sixty days after an appeal is ( b) Decisions and orders of the Board ( b) If the report of the Director under filed under subsection (a), the Committee under section 313 and decisions and orders section 302 sets forth the Director's deter on Standards of Official Conduct shall ren of the Committee on Standards of Official mination that there is no reason to believe der its decision with respect to such appeal. Conduct under section 321 shall be made that a violation of clause 9 or rule XLIII or Such decision may affirm the decision on or public. clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI may have oc der of the Board, reverse such decision or COOPERATION BY COMMITTEES AND OFFICES curred, the complainant may request the order in whole or in part, or remand the SEC. 333. Each committee and office of the Board to review such determination. Such case to the Board for further proceedings. In House shall cooperate with the Board, the request shall be in writing and shall be made any case in which the committee reverses Office, and the Committee on Standards of within thirty days after the date on which a decision or order of the Board in whole or Official Conduct in order that the functions such report is submitted to the Board. The in part, if the committee determines that and duties imposed on them by this resolu Board shall complete its review within thirty there is or has been a violation of clause 9 tion may be properly and effectively carried days after such request is made and 1f it of rule XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule out.e determines that there ls reason to believe XI. it may order such remedial action as it that a violation of clause 9 or rule XLIII or determines appropriate, except that no clause 6(a) (3) (A) of rule XI may have oc remedy may be ordered which the commit curred, the complainant may, within thirty tee determines would result in undue bene NUCLEAR POWER AND ITS FUTURE days after the date of the Board's determina fit or undue hardship to the complainant or IN THE UNITED STATES tion, file a formal complaint under subsec the respondent. tion (a). PROCEDURE HEARINGS HON. JOHN W. WYDLER SEc. 322. The Committee on Standards of OF NEW YORK SEc. 312. (a) Each complaint filed under Official Conduct shall prescribe such rules section 311 shall be assigned by the Board or regulations as it determines proper to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (or by such individual as the Board may carry out the provisions of section 321. designate) for a hearing by a hearing exam Friday, June 22, 1979 iner appointed under section 104(b). The PART D-MISCELLANEOUS • Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, there has hearing examiner shall cause a copy of the REMEDIES been much discussion on the details of complaint to be served on the respondent SEC. 331. (a) The remedial actions which the nuclear powerplant accident at and, if the respondent is an officer or em may be specified in an order issued by the ployee, shall furnish a copy of the complaint Board under section 313 or by the Commit Three Mile Island and even now a con to the respondent's employer. The respond tee on Standards of Official Conduct und~r sensus appears to be developing as to ent shall be entitled to file, within ten days section 321 include, but are no.t limited to- what can be done constructively to en after such service, or within such longer (1) if the discrimination is failure or re hance nuclear powerplant safety. time as the Board may permit, a formal fusal to hire an individual, a requirement Charles F. Luce, the chairman of the answer to such complaint. A formal answer that such individual be employed within a Con-Edison Corp., recently made a seri shall be under oath and shall be in such specified period of time, or the payment of ous and thoughtful assessment of the form as the Board may prescribe by rule or a specified sum to such individual, or both; future of nuclear power in the United regulation. (2) if the discrimination ls discharging States and the implication of the Three (b) The hearing on a complaint shall be an individual, a requirement that such in conducted expeditiously with a record in dividual be reemployed within a specified Mile Island accident, particularly with transcript form. Upon conclusion of the period of time, or the payment of a specified respect to the effects on the institutional hearing, the hearing examiner shall submit sum to such individual, or both; structure of the utility industries. I be to the Board a report containing his or her (3) if the discrimination ls with respect lieve that it is an objective statement Jlndings and recommendations (if any) for to the promotion or compensation of an in from a utility perspective which should remedial action. dividual, a requirement that such individ prove particularly valuable to under DECISIONS BY THE BOARD ual be promoted to or compensated at a stand the degree to which this country specified level within a specified period of is shackling itself while attempting to SEC. 313. (a) The Board shall review the time, or the payment of a specified sum to transcript and the findings and recommen such individual, or both; and deal with a serious energy supply dations of the hearing examiner with respect (4) if the discrimination is with respect problem. to each complaint fl.led under section 311. It to terms, conditions, or privileges of employ I strongly recommend that my col the Board finds that the hearing ls incom ment of an individual, a requirement that leagues read this most interesting plete, it may remand the case to the hearing such terms, conditions, or privileges be speech: examiner. The Board shall render a decision changed within a specified period of time, or in each case within sixty days after the fl.ling NUCLEAR POWER AND ITS FUTURE IN THE the payment of a specified sum to such indi UNITED STATES of the formal complaint, unless prior there vidual, or both. to the complainant and the respondent ON THE NEED FOR NUCLEAR IN THE NATIONAL reach an agreement disposing of such case. (b) Any payment ordered to be made to an ENERGY PLAN individual under ii.n order issued by the (b) If the Board determines in any case Bo':l.rd or the Committee on Standards of In President Carter's National Energy that there is or has been a violation of Official Conduct shall be made out of the Plan-II, which he announced two months clause 9 or rule XLIII or clause 6(a) (3) (A) contingent fund of the House upon a voucher a.go, he assigns to nuclear the supplying of of rule XI, its decision shall include an order signed by the Chairperson of the Board or 36 percent of the nation's electric energy for such remedial action as it determines the chairman of the committee, as the case requirements estimated for the year 2000. appropriate, except that no remedy may be may be. To accomplish this national goal will re ordered which the Board determines would quire the completion of an additional 70 result in undue benefit or undue hardship ( c) No complainant or witness in a pro nuclear units, above and beyond the 161 to the complainant or the respondent. ceeding under this title shall be subject to units now in service or under construction. any repris!l.l, interference, intimidation, or RULES; PROCEDURE The President's newest energy plan also calls coercion by any Member, officer, or employee for 2V:z times as much coal as presently con SEC. 314. The Board shall prescribe such of the House as a result of filing such com sumed, and 2¥2 times more than the present rules or regulations as it determines proper plaint or appearing as such a witness. utillza.tion of hydro, solar and geothermal to carry out the provisions of this part, in RECORDS; CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION sources to meet national energy require cluding rules or regulations relating to the SEc. 332. (a) The records, files, and papers ments in the year 2000. It proposes to hold conduct of hearings and proceedings under consumption of oil to its current level. In this part and the rights and privileges of relating to each informal complaint filed under section 302. each formal c·omolaint cidentally, the rate of growth of demand for complainants and respondents in such hear electricity by which the President arrives at ings and proceedings. The Board shall pub filed under section 311 , and each appeal.taken under section 321 shall constitute papers of his estimate of total requirements in the lish all rules and regulations which it pro· year 2000 ls about 3.6 percent, a. rate far posed to prescribe under this section and the House and shall be retained for at least five years. All such information. incluciing below the growth rate of 7.2 percent experi shall give interested persons an opportunity enced during 1960-1973, just prior to the to comment thereon. the existence of a case, shall be maintained on a confidential basis, and, excep.t as pro oil embargo. PART C-APPEALS TO COMMITTEE ON STAND• ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF A NUCLEAR ARDS OF OFFICIAL CONDUCT . vided in subsection (b) or as otherwise ordered by the House, such information shall MORATORIUM-MORE OIL APPEALS not be disclosed to any person (other than To abandon the construction work in prog SEC. 321. (a) A complaipant or respondent the complainant and the respondent) and ress on 99,000 mega.watts of new nuclear ca who is aggrieved by a decision or order of shall not be available for inspection other pacity could increase oil imports an addl- 16240 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 tlonal 3.33 million barrels per day, 1f the utilities or ut111ty consortia with strong tech pervisorial district representative since capacity were to be replaced with 01!-fired nical capability will continue to build nu 1965. He has served as the fifth district generators, and at today's oil prices could clear plants. precinct chairman, county resolutions cost electric consumers an estimated $19 bil Within the electric ut111ty industry, there chairman, a member of Century Club lion per year in additional fuel charges. Fur is a growing conviction that, somehow, a ther, consumers would have to pay the capi more predictable way must be found by steering committee, nominating com tal charges necessary to amortize the $50 which utilities can recover the costs, ordi mittee chairman, county campaign billion already expended toward completion nary and extraordinary, of owning and op chairman for a number of Republican of these units. erating nuclear power plants. To construct candidates and in countless other posi ON THE RELATIVELY SLIGHT RISKS a new 1,200 MW nuclear plant costs about tions during these last 25 years. OF NUCLEAR POWER $2Y:z billion; and when the plant is out of As well as working for the Republican Coal was evaluated most dangerous, both service for any reason, the cost of oil-gen Party, he was vice mayor of the city of as regards occupational and non-occupa erated replacement power runs ut111ty's lack Oxnard. He has served on the Oxnard tional hazards. Oil and gas were the next of prudence (which lately seems to be tak most dangerous. Nuclear, by factors of 5 to ing on a meaning broad enough to include City Council since 1974, and before that, 300 times as compared to coal, was evaluated a failure to exercise that degree of "due he had served 8 years on the Oxnard least dangerous. care" which the wisdom of hindsight sug Planning Commission, starting in 1966. Experience accumulated in 400 reactor gests should or might have been exercised.) In the past, he has been exalted ruler of years of operation has demonstrated that the "Prudence" and "due care" a.re concepts too Oxnard Elks Club and commander of risks to the public associated with nuclear vague, and in application too susceptible to American Legion Post No. 48. generation are insignificant compared to considerations not related to the precise con I hope Blinn continues to serve Ven risks that Americans accept every year: duct being judged, to afford much comfort tura County in the same excellent man 50,000 deaths and 1,900,000 disabling injuries to utllities or investors who are ma.king a from the automobile; 100-200 deaths from decision whether to invest huge sums in a ner for at least another 25 years. The commercial airplane accidents; 300,000 new nuclear plant. country needs men like him.• deaths from cigarette smoking; even 1,000 ON THE NEED FOR A SENSmLE REGULATORY POL• deaths per year from the use of electricity. ICY WHICH RECOGNIZES THE GREAT SAVINGS No one seriously suggests that automobiles, FROM NUCLEAR PLANT OPERATION airplanes, cigarettes, and electricity be out ANGOLA, ANOTHER AMERICAN lawed. Yet by comparison with these and It is not too late, I would like to believe, for EMBARRASSMENT many other accepted risks of everyday life, regulatory agencies clearly to articulate a nuclear power stations have yet to injure, let policy that will protect ut111ty investors at alone k111, any member of the public. least to the extent of taking into considera tion, when they allocate costs associated HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK ON THE ANTINUCLEAR LOBBY with a nuclear plant outage, the savings that OF OHIO In a recent article, Llewellyn King, the consumers have, and will, enjoy because of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES publisher of Energy Daily, a trade publica the ut111ty's nuclear plant investment. Addi tion, tried to explain a sociological phe tional protection could be offered investors Friday, June 22, 1979 nomenon that we appear to be facing today 1f an insurance program could be devised e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, Mr. in America. Following are his words: which would cover not only the presently "Those of us who have tried to codify and insurable risks of property damage and pub Carter has staked much of his political understand the nature of the nuclear oppo lic lia.b111ty associated with the ownership viability and credibility on his stand re sition have gradually come to the conclu and operation of nuclear plants, but also the garding the Rhodesian elections. I only sion that we are dealing with what amounts presently uninsured risk of extended outages wish that he was willing to devote similar to a new class in American society, one that which require the purchase of expensive re attention to another nation in southern is unfettered by fear of shortage, privation placement power. The latter risk is ha.rd to Africa. or disaster. It is a class whose traumas have define, depending in pa.rt as it does on rate Angola has been independent from been external and national and not personal. regulatory policy in the jurisdiction where Portugal 4 years now, however, the peo It is a class of men and women who, para the nuclear plant is located. Perhaps a policy doxically, are seeking to hobble the American to cover such a hard-to-define risk simply ple of Angola are still not free from for economic machine when they themselves &re cannot be devised. But there is some think etgn rule. In the last few years they have the products of its bounty: well-fed, well ing about it in our industry. exchanged the colonial rule of Portugal housed, and well-educated-a class that has If neither regulatory policy nor an insur for the oppressive rule of a Soviet and been brought up in a cocoon of personal ance program can offer ut111tles and investors Cuban backed government. well-being in the comfort of a good home, assurance of a fair return on investment in Fortunately a majority of the people the security of good schools and the luxury nuclear plant, and if it is correct that nu rebeled against this regim.e and a state of of university education. Their class percep clear energy ls essential to the economy and tion of American society is of a good thing security of our nation, then it is reasonable civil war is still in effect. What is unfor gone wrong; of venal capitalism astride the to suppose that the United States Govern tunate about the Angolan situation is stalUon of technology violating the whole ment will be cailed upon to finance, and that few people here in Washington someness of America." perhaps even build and operate, the required know or even seem to care about the Even if Mr. King's speculations in the field nuclear plants. Unlike a privately owned plight of those fighting for freedom in of behavioral science are correct-and surely ut111ty company, the government through its Angola. he did not presume to categorize all oppo taxing power can socialize any risks it chooses The Soviet Union is pouring as much nents of nuclear power as members of his not to allocate to electric consumers.• "new cla.ss"-I cannot believe that the as $2.5 million a day into this small Af American people will be persuaded that the rican nation to try to stop the rebellion. industrial revolution was a mistake, that our As many as 8,000 Cuban troops have energy-intensive economy must be scrapped, A TRIBUTE TO ROBERT BLINN been killed in the fighting. or that hand-operated industrial machinery Reports of human rights violations in and household appliances are morally supe MAXWELL those segments of the country under rior to those operated by electricity. This is not to say that despite Three Mile Communist rule are startling. Yet, there Island nothing will change. There will be HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO is no sign of even awareness ·on the part changes, some relatively small and others OF CALIFORNIA of the Carter White House. How can so possibly very far-reaching. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES much time and effort be spent to call an open and free election in Rhodesia ON THE ATTITUDE OF THE UTILITY INDUSTRY Friday, June 22, 1979 The biggest unanswered question raised "not adequate enough" for recognition, by Three Mile Island, as I see it, is what e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, on when, only several hundred miles away, effect it will have on the institutional struc July 13, 1979, the Republican central major affronts to human rights and free ture of the ut111ty industry. Several observers committee of Ventura County will dom are being ignored. cf our industry, including Llewellyn King, honor its senior member, Robert Blinn An oppressed people are struggling to publisher of Energy Daily, have opined that Maxwell. be free in Angola, but their pleas fall on Three Mile Island may compel a restructur ing of our industry in such a way that the Blinn's 20-year record of service on the the deaf ears of our State Department, federal government will be the entity that committee is distinguished. He was unan our U.N. Ambassador, and the President. builds, or at least finances, nuclear plants in imously elected second vice chairman of I urge my colleagues to read the follow the future. Other observers have commented the central committee in 1956, and a year ing article written by one of the free· that small utilities will be less likely to build later he became Republican county dom. fighters in Angola and urge them to nuclear plants in the future; that only large chairman. Blinn has been the fifth su- not let this struggle go unnoticed: June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16241 [From the Free 'I'rade Union News, May ernment in Luanda. In those three years, of us lies Namibia and South Africa where 1979] more Angolans have died than in all the the same observation applies. ANGOLA-A CALL FOR COURAGE years of the liberation wars against the Por The Soviets moved like cats against us. (By Ernesto Mulato) tuguese. 'Ihousands have been jailed. Thou Their desire to recolonize Africa is based sands have been forcibly removed from their on a global strategy. This strategy is aimed We realize that the events the past few land and compelled to work under slave con at intensifying the rivalry of the West over weeks in Iran, Afghanistan, a.nd Southeast ditions in strange territories. Thousands sources of raw materials in increasingly Asia have occupied the Americ·an public's more have been rounded up in trucks and diminishing markets. After the fall of Indo attention more than the situation in my shipped to Cuba to undergo indoctrination china, the Soviets foresaw a transfer of pa.rt of the world. However, we in UNITA and cut sugar cane in the na.me of solidarity. European investment to Africa. They noted feel that we must share our unique perspec Yet with Angola now occupied by 26,500 Cu fifteen years of trade deficits between Europe tive with you beoause we have been in the ban soldiers, 8,000 Cuban civillan techni and Africa. And they projected greater defi past three years on the frontlines in a cians, thousands of East Germans, Russians, cits in the 70s and 80s as world demand for brutal war against Soviet expansion. Our and other East Europeans, UNIT A governs a strategic metals and petroleum products in country, Angola, has become a vast cemetery territory containing over three million creased. The April 1974 coup in Portugal af and concentration camp. Our dreams of free people, over 50 percent of the Angolan popu forded the Soviets the opportunity they had elections and independence have become lation. In addition, 600,000 Angolans now live waited for to implement their policy for nightmares of foreign occupaiton. Our coun in Zaire. In fact, 17 percent of the popula southern Africa. One aspect of this was to try has bec~me an armed camp, a huge base tion of Kinshasa is Angolan. Another 20,000 force you into a reactive stance in an area twice the size of Texas, where the Soviets are refugees in Zambia and some 500,000 of the world where the United States tried and OUba.ns arm and train others for take white Angolans now live in Portugal where to walk a tightrope between the heavily overs in neighboring countries. From our they place a tremendous burden on the econ American-financed economies of white-ruled position in Angola, we survey the lands of omy and create political tensions. Together, southern Africa and black Africa. Since the our brothers--the neighboring countries of this means that 75 percent of the population end of conventional fighting they have done Zat.re, Zambia, and Namibia and know--quite isn't cooperat!ng with the MPLA rule. The just that-driving you to the wall in Zaire, clearly-their fa.te if the Soviets and Cubans remaining population are political prisoners Namibia, and Zimbabwe, and challenging aren't rests·ted. It is a cruel fate. A fate that living everyday under constant intimidation, your investment policies in South Africa. runs counter to everything an African na threats, and physical abuse. That, my They want to strike at the soft economic tionalist feels and believes. It runs counter friends, is the price we are paying to remain underbelly of Europe and force western to everything we cherish~elf-determina Angolans. Not African Cubans or black Rus Europe into accommodation with them, thus tion, independence. sians. But Angolans. deprivl.ng the United States of any means We near the black Soviet foreign legion, You in the West seem puzzled by this new to counter their influence elsewhere in the the Ka.tangese, called "progressives". We world. hear the West itself refe·r to the illegitimate imperialism. We have read and heard new theories a.bout the common ties that bind Our country in 1973 and 1974 had the best government in Luanda a.s "pragmatic, moder transport system, the best harbor facilities, ate, and nationalist." We hear the largest for Africans to Cubans and vice versa. Mr. Castro is said to be the new messiah of Africa, self and one of the healthiest economies in eign expeditionary force in the ht.story of southern Africa. The Benguela Railway was Africa called a stabilizing factor in a day lessly working alongside the common people helping them become free. But, I will tell vital to Zaire and Zambia. Iron ore, gold, when your government heralds human rights. diamonds, manganese, uranium, and oil were We hear the West say that the occupation you that it is sheer nonsense to believe that the Cubans a.re in Angola out of love for found in great quantities. Even with these forces are in Angola to p·revent invasions discoveries, 75 percent of Angola's territory from the outside, that the puppet govern my countrymen. You are asked to believe that the Cuban soldier is nothing more than until this day has never been systematically ment in Luanada would rather be aligned mapped for other mineral deposits. We were with the West but must use these foreign a Peace Corps worker. But behind the smoke screen of their talk a.bout solidarity, libera one of the few countries in Africa to export forces to insure Angola's independence. We food. We were one of the largest coffee pro hear that it ls in American interests to fund tion, progressiveness, and democracy, they are nothing more than agents of death and ducers in the world. And, above all, we were the Soviet-Cuban Vietnam by encouraging in a strategic position along the shipping investment in Angola at P. time when the chaos. I suppose the Cuban pilots were so excited by the revolutionary romance of routes of the South Atlantic. In 1975, my issue of who will govern our country is still country was a nice plum for the new ad undecided, when 75 percent of our popula Angola that they pleaded with the Soviets to guard Cuban airspace until they came back venturers. tion refuses to live under Luanda's rule, The Soviets wanted to do two things after when UNITA controls over 50 percent of the from helping our brothers and sisters be come free. While the western media acts like the couu. First they wanted to put the Por country, and when the civil war is more tuguese Communist Party, the most Stalinist widespread than at any time in the past sponges absorbing every word uttered by Mr. Castro, long columns of coffins wait for burial and Moscow-oriented in Europe, in power in three years. To us, it sounds like the Queen Lisbon. For a time, it looked like they would in "Alice In Wonderland" saying, "Prizes fo1 outside Lmmda's cemeteries. In Cuba, honor guards watch as empty caskets are placed in be successful by the way they immediately everyone. Everyone is a winner." seized control of Portugal's unions, media, But our former allies forget that the real the ground. The families are told that their son died by accident in Angola. Yes, by acci and armed forces. Second, they wanted to losers in this game are those who share with gun the PCP's long time brother-in-arms, the West a belief in the will of the peoule, dent. We are the accident, the Angolan people. Then, more Cubans must be rounded the MPL.o\, into power in Luanda. But the a belief in their right to a democratic gov Alvor Agreement between the three Angolan ernment. Your ambassador to the United up for service. Many in the west have come to believe that the young soldiers serve in parties and the Portuguese government Nations has said that those who prefer to rigorously stipulated the mechanics of a free negotiate have no moral r:ght to criticize Angola out of ideological concern. That they volunteer. I will tell you. If you are unem election in Angola and the establishment of those who engage in armed struggle. 1 democratic institutions of government. will tell you, my friends, UNITA has always ployed, or a peasant living in the poorest section of Cuba, you'd volunteer for a chance The people looked forward with eager an preferred to negotiate. Our history has shown ticipation to the elections. Independent ob it. On five separate occasions we sponsored to own your own house and estate in An gola. It's an ingenious solution to domestic servers found that we had 65-75 percent all Angolan parties to hammer out a com support while the FNLA and the MPLA split promise to prevent the tragedy of the civil unrest and problems of the economy. Ship the problem to Angola. the rest. But the Soviets and the MPLA did war. We have always urged reconciliation not look forward to the elections and con and a partnership between all Angolans in It should be very clear to the American spired with radical elements in the Portu nation-building. But we are quite used to public by now that the Soviet-Cuban pres gue:<-e armed forces to unilaterally cancel the armed struggle also. In the words of your ence in Angola is not just an internal African proviFions of the Alvor Agreement. But, at own Declaration of Independence when a problem. It is of vast international propor this time, the MPLA was the weakest party, government can not defen::i its citizens, can tions. I think the American public under not the strongest as some of your analysts not create the conditions of stabiltty, and stands this but I am not so sure about cer claimed. Clos•e to three-quarters of its army can not create material and spiritual well tain analysts and experts who make a habit had de : ~erted because of the power play of being for the people, then the citizens have of building castles in the air. Without a Neto and his clique to become more aligned an obligation to overthrow that government. Cuban-Soviet victory in Angola during the with Moscow. Outside troops were needed We are used to fighting for a freedom. We days of conventional fighting, would they to put Neto in power and deprive Dr. Sa fought since 1966 against Portuguese colon have dared to invade the Horn? No, abso vimbi of the presidency. Cuba was the logical ialism. We have fought since 1975 against lutely not. For those who believe that the choice. Soviet and Cuban imuerialism. And we claim Russian presence in Angola and Ethiopia Some people in the United States believe the moral right to -resist, to resist totally isn't of strategic importance to the West that the Cubans came into the fight because those who want to enforce their will on our look at a map. Both countries lies on or near of the South African invasion. Much of the people by a brutal war machine run and vital oil shipping routes. Angola-oil rich testimony before committees on the Hill funded by foreigners. herself with vast reserves of strategic min states this as historical fact. But I rusk those For the past three years, the Warsaw Pact erals-is the gateway to Zaire and Zambia, neoule where are the South African troops nations have occupied our country and other countries with minerals vital to West in Angola now. If the Cubans are supposed propped up in power an illegitimate govern economies and defense systems. South to guard against South Africa invading, how 16242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 come they did nothing when South Africa people's hearts and minds. Plagued by food The Cubans are hated not only because they attacked the SWAPO bases in Cassinga last shortages and massive unemployment the are aggressors, colonialists, but also they May? Why is it that the Cubans have been workers are turning a deaf e·ar to the MPLA's have become a great burden. All the homes forced to escalate their troop strength? I strident appeals in the name of the· proletar and plantations of the Portuguese have gone wm tell you, my friends, the Soviet arms iat. Slowdowns and wildcat strikes at the to the Cubans and their fam111es. This is were being delivered to every Angolan port, main ports of Lobito and Luanda as well as particularly true of the former colonatos to every Angolan city long before other pow a rash of industrial sabotage indicate what around Cela and Caconda. But the Angolans ers became involved. UNITA supporters in the workers think about their workers' have no houses. There ls little food. What the dock workers' union went on strike dur party. food there is goes first to the Cubans. The ing the transitional government because they An example of this refusal to work under country's revenues goes first to paying the refused to unload the ships backed up in our the Soviets and Cubans is the flight of nearly Cuban civilians. The Angolans come second. harbors containing in their holds the most 16,000 workers from the diamond mines in On top of this, the hardships imposed by devastating armaments known. But they the Lunda Province. That figure represents tne Cuban presence have created an astro were unloaded and distributed to the MPLA 80 percent of the work force in that area. As nomical rate of inflation which makes it vir and the Portuguese anyway. And the Cu a result, diamond production, once 10 per tually impossible for Angolans to buy goods bans appeared in southern areas in March of cent of our exiports, has dropped to a minls and food on the rare occasions they are 1975, nearly seven months before the South cule level. available. African invasion. Many of the American and The ever-vigilant Mr. Neto has decided secondly, the Luanda regime ls almost Canadian missionaries we later evacuated that religion is a nuisance. Every church, powerless to control the Katangese and the can tell you how they saw them in remote mission school, and hospital 1n central Soviets' use of Angola as a base of subver towns and villages. You could see them as Angola has been destroyed or closed. These sion in neighboring countries. This ls im plain as day walking down the streets and institutions provided vital health and edu portant to say •because the West has often eating our food. But, now your experts prop cational services to over 400,000 people. The declared that by dealing with Luanda peace agate the Cuban version of events, a new government has made no attempts to provide ful solution can be found for the region. wave of revisionist history is underway these services themselves. All those con The Soviets have continued their massive which puts freedom, independence, justice, nected with churches have lost everything arm shipments into Angola. Today, we have self-determination on the side of those very they ever owned. All Protestant and Catholic an even heavier involvement of Russians in people who pervert those concepts and ideals. property has been confiscated by the govern-. the country than in the beginning of the civil war. They have personally taken over SPECTRE OF VIETNAM ment and all clergy either banished or im the management of the Angolan ports of Somehow our resistance against the Soviets prisoned. Today, all the clergy ln the central Barra do Cuanza, south of Luanda, and and Cubans has fallen on deaf ears. Every areas of Angola live in UNITA camps to avoid Porto Alexandre, south of Mocamedes, to where you look you see a Vietnam. You are persecution. There they continue the vital expedite the unloading of ever increasing haunted by that spectre, that ghost of the educational and medical functions they quantities of sophisticaed weaponry. High past. Some say it is better now that the So performed before the Soviet occupation. The ranking Soviet army officials are taking a viets are involved in their own Vietnam. It is Baptist churches in northern Angola have more direct hand in training other libera true. UNITA is costing the Soviets $2% mil been razed. It 1s estimated that 200,000 of the tion groups at various camps around my lion a day. We have k1lled nearly 8,000 Cuban Baptists have fled into Zaire. Mr. Young country. In addition to plotting the MPLA soldiers. History is on our side. The Portu might be interested in the destruction of strategy, the Soviets are now directly par guese with three times as many troops could one mission. It ls the Hualondo mission in ticipating in the entire logistical operations not control Angola. There is no reason to be southern Angola, which was founded by in combat zones. lieve that the Cubans can. But the more the black Americans over 50 years ago. It was Near Mocamedes, the Soviets have con war is protracted, the more our people are the mission Mr. Young was to be assigned to structed one of the largest m111tary air morally and physically mutilated. And the before he became a politician. It lies in ruins. fields on the continent. By the size of the West, by sitting on its hands, encourages the The government hasn't and cannot get the installation, it is obvious that it was con next moves by the Soviets to control the economy going. It will never possess the abil structed for the rapid mob111zation and air region. ity to do so. Before the civil war, Angola had lifting of troops to other countries. Neto What is Angola like now? It is an armed a healthy growth rate of 11-14 percent. And attended the ribbon-cutting ceremonies and camp. The so-called pragmatic regime of Mr. now we hear western economists projecting named the airport after our famous national Neto has enacted repressive policies which the same this year for Angola. How 1s this hero, the [Soviet] astronaut Yuri Gagarin. demonstrate his total contempt for his coun possible when one-half million Portuguese To the Angolan people, this is the same in trymen. He has created concentration camps technicians, merchants, and ranchers are sulting gesture as naming our towns after at Sao Nicolau outside Mossamedes and near gone? How 1s this possible when the elabor Salazar. Squrimo in the Lunda district. There are ate network of roads built before the civil Also near Mocamedes, the Soviets have prisons in Luanda, Huambo, Luso, and Sa da war to link our domestic markets ls totally in the past two years planned to erect a vast Bandiera, which contain thousands of po unusable because of our mllltary activities. radar complex to monitor Namibia, South litical, not common, prisoners. These prison The once prosperous coffee fazendas ln the Africa, and the South Atlantic shipping ers included the nationalist elements of the north have been burned by their owners in lanes. So far our military operations have MPLA, former party officials and army officers, protest against the Soviet-Cuban occupa made this venture impossible for them. Jehovah Witnesses, followers of S!mon Toco, tion. Angola must import 80 percent of its From our own experience fighting the the religious leader, FNLA and UNITA sym food. The mines are shut down. Almost all Sovet-Cuban occupation, UNITA has con pathizers, and Catholic and Protestant the government's revenue from the Gulf Oil cluded that if the Cubans are not thrown clergy. Recently, when UNITA took over a royalties, which account for 90 percent o! out of Angola, then within two or three years government prison in Serpa Pinto, it released Angola's monies, must go to food. the situation in central and southern Africa 800 prisoners who had been living in sub The reason for this ls simple. We control will have dramatically changed in favor of human conditions and had been subjected to 85 percent of Angola's arable land. The the Soviet Union. If the Soviets are allowed torture. Now, thousands of our young people breadbasket of Angola, the Central High to expand their sphere of influence un in central and northern Angola are rounded lands, has always produced all of Angola's checked, then the West wm have lost any up in trucks and taken to Luanda where they meat and wheat supplies. It also has always effective voice in the region. are shipped to the Oriente Province of Cuba. been a UNITA stronghold. As a result, there Today, UNITA can say that it is more There they are forced to cut sugar cane and is no food in the cities, no meat, no mllk, no powerful politically and m1litarily than at become indoctrinated thousands of miles wheat, and no fish. But UNITA stm has its any time .in its history. We have moved in from their family, friends, and v1llages. What farms and cattle producing areas. The gov the past two years from fighting a guerrilla other peo:ile call solidarity, we call slavery. ernment controlled areas do not. war to a semi-regular type of fighting. We The MPLA has a twenty-year friendship The deceptions by Luanda to lure you into have more trained soliders under arms than treaty with the Soviet Union and an un a business relationship with Angola raise the ever before and are politically active in every precedented party-to-party arrangement. question, "How much say does Luanda have region of the country, among every class and That is why they call themselves the Work in the affairs anyway?" First, besides the ethnic group. While it is easy for anyone to er's Party, which is a little ridiculous because UNITA territory, Luanda does not have ef say that history is on their side, we know we 90 percent of our people are farmers. But, fective control over Cuanza North, the stra have the arms, the soldiers, the people, and anyway, they have adopted in the name o! tegic entrance to Luanda, Malange, and most land to back it up. the Angolan worker a draconian work code. of all the regime doesn't even control Lu At first. we concentrated on cutting trans If you are late for work, you work the next anda itself. According to the Portuguese portation and communtcat.ion lines between three days without pay. Tf you are slow on weekly, "The Nation," there is increased Cuban garrisons, ambushing m111tary con the job, you go to jail. No matter under what UNITA activity in the capital. Every morning voys, sabotaging the railway, and encircling conditions you work, no matter what meager when people wake up, they find the walls the cities. Now, we have moved to taking wages you receive, if you disagree with the painted with UNITA flags. Cubans FAPLA small and medium-sized towns and holding factory management over the unsafe working and MPLA officials can not go to the mus them. In many regions of the country we conditions and low wages, you will be given a seques, our shanty towns, where most of the ha11e forced the Cubans into a wholesale two-year vacation in prison. This is not ex population live because they will be killed. withdrawal. Now we can infiltrate the cities actly what you might call winning the The reason for this resentment is obvious. at wm. The people have supported us on this. June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16243 The Cuban force now is demoralized and At one time, we were allies against the big gasoline among the states or within the weakened. They have receded to garrisons gest war machine Africa had ever seen. We states. Rather, it would have created a $100- which protect !oreign economic interests, understood that you were paralyzed by Wa billion-a-year "white market" in coupons. knowing they cannot subjugate the popula tergate and the investigations of the CIA The initial distribution would have mailed tion. But this is a small consolation when when you cut off any support to us. We un to vehicle owners 90-day supplies ($25 bil Angola has become a large Gulag. derstood it. We went our own way because we lion worth) of entitlements to coupons. I! America re-asserts its leadership posi have always believed in self-sufficiency. Yet, (Mailing coupons would create colossal theft tion in the world, we can accelerate the de then you had moral courage to press for problems; no mail'box would be safe.) Drivers !eat o! the Soviets and the Cubans. But i! Cuban withdrawal and a peaceful solution would go (drive, probably) to banks to you don't then the struggle will be more to our civil war. Today, we ask you to look "cash" their entitlements for coupons. One protracted and our society and culture will squarely at the pattern of Soviet expansion bank estimate is that this would require be further shattered, our prospects of build ism and respond to it. We urge you to with banks to double window space and the num ing a. humane, democratic society dimmer. hold your recogntion of Angola and, instead, ber af tellers. Until that was done, bank lines By asking you to re-assert your leadership press for an end to our civil war, an end to would replace gas lines. in the world, we don't mean this as a veiled the Cuban occupation. As for us, our re There would have to be millions o! new invitation for you to send troops, advisors, sistance is absolute. We know that history coupon "checking accounts." Under Carter's or arms to Angola. We don't want and we will not be reversed again. With the suppc,rt rules, no transfer o! gasoline from one per don't need that type o! aid. We want you of the Angolan people, UNITA will triumph, son to another could occur unless coupons to remember your own beginnings. Maybe, no matter what the difficulties.e were exchanged for the exact amount. But you have grown cynical a.bout your own rev the driver of a gasoline delivery truck, !or olution but we are encouraged by it. What example, might have $10,000 worth o! cou rings in our minds happened to you two pons in bushel baskets at the end o! the hundred years ago. We ask you to exert GAS RATIONING IS NO SOLUTION day. Someone would have to ride shotgun. diplomatic means to !acmtate a solution to Coupon "checking accounts" would be pre! our country's problem of occupation. You erable, indeed indispensable. can look back at the history of UNITA and HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL Under Carter's plan, coupons would have the leadership o! Dr. Savimbi and you wlll been mailed for up to three registered ve find that we have consistently, even in the OF ILLINOIS hicles per household. Many people would most dire circumstances, even under the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have rushed to register junk. greatest provocation by our brothers and Friday, June 22, 1979 Today, five junk oars are worth about $500. sisters in the other parties, advocated na But five registered junk caa-s would be en tional unity, reconcma.tion, peace, and free • Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, when titled to coupons worth about $3,000 a year. elections. We have never claimed the ex George Will writes a column, all of us The diversion of vehicles into the rationing clusive right to govern Angola and we don't benefit from his wisdom and his style. game would mean a huge windfall to junk today when we have the upper hand, when When our colleague, DAVID STOCKMAN of dealers. we are the most popular party, when we are Michigan, offers his views on economics The demand for coupons in some places the most persistent defenders o! Angolan (such as urban areas with mass transit) !reedom and nationalism. If elections were and energy, we all benefit because of his understanding of the market system. would be much less than in others (such as held today, tomorrow, or even three years rural, suburban or resort areas). And there from nc,w, we would win with a devastating When Will writes a column about would be seasonal fluctuations. Brokers majority. But we look around and see the STOCKMAN, our cup runneth over. would spring up like dandelions to bid cou legacy of the civil wars in Zaire, the Sudan, It so happens that George Will re pons away from areas of low demand to and Nigeria and see that it would not bene cently did write a column about DAVID high-demand areas. fit us or Angola. to outlaw, suppress, or ex STOCKMAN's views on gas rationing. I Did you notice what happened to United clude the other two parties who shared in find these views persuasive because, as and American airline coupons? Those air our liberation struggle from sharing power. usual, STOCKMAN asks questions about lines handed out half-fare coupons to pas Angola would remain unstable. The only sengers on all flights, however short, for use way to stab111ze the entire region is to spon unintended side effects of .a policy. Will offers examples that help us all to under on other flights, however long. Faster than sor a. government of national unity in An you can say "Friendly Skies," brokers clus gola. That is realpolitik. Not until that day stand the market mechanisms that are tered at arrival gates, and ran newspaper ads, comes will the problems of Namibia be the heart of STOCKMAN's criticism of offering to buy coupons. solved, the threats to Zaire cease, and the rationing. solution to Zimbabwe be found. The West No wonder. A person on the $14 Los Ange has been eager to offer initiatives on Zim How much better off the taxpayer and les-to-San Diego flight got a coupon that babwe and Namibia but not on Angola, consumer would be today if attention to could save someone nearly $300 on a first which set the precedent for the other two side effects and unintended conse class coast-to-coast filght. Of course, the lands. We in UNITA have always believed quences of nice-sounding legislation brokering of airline coupons, although brisk, that the burning issues in southern Africa was small beer compared with the brokering always were taken into consideration. that would be done in gasoline coupons. can only be solved by African dialogue, by As it is, we must thank Will and STOCK free elections without foreign intervention. Stockman says, rather sniffily, that many MAN for bringing to our attention the brokers would be tacky fellows "prowling This would foster our dreams of a. free, in economic truths so often clouded over dependent region devoted to cooperation in neighborhood bars" in New York, buying development and national building. by emotion, demagoguery, and fear. coupons cheap and selling them dear in Yet the U.S.'s attitude to the realities of At this time I wish to insert in the Denver. Fine. Coupon rationing would be a the present Sovlet-Cuba.n occupation we ex RECORD, "RationaJ Gas Rationing" by windfall for the poor. perience everyday of our lives is baffling to us. George Will, the Washington Post, Gasoline already is rationed. It is allocated The pattern of Soviet expansionism in Af June 20, 1979. to states, and within states to various groups, including priority users, such as farmers. And rica. is clear, it is undeniable. It is irrefut RATIONAL GAS RATIONING able. Its effects are obvious to anyone with wherever there are gas lines, there is ration even the slightest knowledge of our situa (By George F. Will) ing by inconvenience. tion. How can we accept your envoys who Rep. David Stockman, the Cicero of south Stockman demonstrates only that coupon crone to Angola and justify the Cubans as a ern Michigan, is a thin, almost spectral 32- rationing would be messy, not that it would sta.bllizing influence and then defend hu year-old with graying hair, which is the be messier than the status quo (which is man rights not only in your country but in product of seeing, at a tender age, how Latin for "the mess we are in"). But he the world? You can call for human rights America actually is governed. Last month, should give people pause. After all, one pur in Russia, Cuba, and Europe but you accept before the House of Representatives rejected pose of politics is to keep things from getting the Cubans in Angola k111ing our people. President Carter's standby pl•an for ration worse, especially things (such as the alloca There is no possib111ty of talking a.bout hu ing gasoline with coupons, Stockman, a Re tion of petroleum products) thait govern man rights in a country where a minority publican, wrote a letter to his colleagues. ment has maide a mess of already. group was put into power by a great expedi His colleagues had many reasons of varying The only rational rationing is price ration tionary force. There a.re no human rights in merit for rejecting Carter's plan. But Stock ing: letting prices rise until supply and de a country where everyone is a political pris man's letter riaised especially cogent points. mand are in rough balance. But the public oner. We will never accept a peace that means Now Americans say they strongly prefer flinches from this, and government hates it total capitulation to the new colonists. We rationing gas to scrambling for it, or to because it works without government. wm never accept a peace that means living higher prices (price rationing), but they There a.re not yet gas lines nationwide. If lives in fear and intimidation. We wm never should look at Stockma.n's letter before they there ever a.re the nation may reasonably accept a. peace that means our Angolan leap. prefer rationing by coupon, with all its un identity is completely destroyed for some Carter's stand'by plan, if ever implemented, tidiness and irrationality, to the wear and alien ideology. Never. would not have altered the allocation of tear involved in rationing by inconvenien CXXV--1022-Part 13 16244 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 SOLVING THE GREAT GASOLINE an oil company could profit from awaiting build up heating oil inventories to a MYSTERY: IT WAS AN INSIDE decontrol would be to withhold domestic higher than normal level for next crude oil from the market, not refined prod winter. JOB ucts like gasoline. And DOE data. shows that production of domestic oil in the first four The supply of crude oil available dur months of 1979 was nearly 7 percent higher ing the Iranian crisis was also reduced by HON. JACK F. KEMP than in the corresponding period of 1978. the Department of Energy's administra OF NEW YORK This increase ls primarily attributable to tion of the strategic petroleum reserve, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIV"l!:S Alaskan oil. It is also apparent that no sup which was authorized by Congress back pressing of other domestic production in Friday, June 22, 1979 in 1975 for use in just such an oil anticipation of decontrol has taken place, shortage. • Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, up in New however. Now, except for military reasons, this York, where I come from, people are won The exphnation that Americans are kind of a reserve does not make much dering whether we really have a gasoline running amok in consuming gasoline sense. It amounts to pumping oil from crisis. In Buffalo they are wondering, be does not stand up, either. American con below ground in the Middle East ln order cause they do not have any problem find sumption of gasoline increased only 3 to pump it back into the ground in this ing gasoline, and in New York City they percent last year, less than in the pre country. At the same time, enormous oil are wondering, because they have great vious 3 years, and less than in almost supplies already below ground in this difficulties while no one else does. every other m-a.jor industrialized country country cannot be pumped because the What puzzles everyone is very basic. in the world. price at the wellhead is controlled far Because of the Iranian revolution, world Least of all do we suspect our own below the price we pay to ship the oil oil supplies dropped by a net of only Government, which spends every year from the Middle East. about 4 percent. So why do we have on its Department of Energy the rough Be that as it may, the DOE's Strategic shortages of 20 and 25 percent at the equivalent of the entire oil production of Petroleum Reserve omce was supposed gas pump? Why in New York, Los An Saudi Arabia-presumably to solve our to have 250 million barrels of oil on hand geles, and Washington, D.C., but not in energy problems rather than to cause by now, stockpiled in abandoned Loui Detroit, Cleveland, or Buffalo? And why them. siana salt mines. That would make up do we have gas lines only in the United Yet, incredibly, the more we look into for nearly a year of an Iranian-sized oil States, but nowhere else in the world? the apparent mystery, the more we find shortage. At the time it stopped pump If all the oil must go somewhere, peo th-a.t our own Department of Energy is ing oil into the ground a few months ple reason, then the gas crisis is only holding a smoking pistol. We find that ago, the Department of Energy had only one part shortage, and about four or five the Department of Energy ordered crude stockpiled 73 billion barrels, which made parts misallocation. But who is doing the oil supplies to be diverted away from the it two-thirds behind schedule. Still, that misallocating? The Washington Post calls United States on the world spot oil mar would have been enough to cover the it "The Great Gas Mystery." Why, asks ket. We find that the Department of temporary crisis. the Post, within a stone's throw of Energy actively lobbied to reduce gaso Unfortunately, the Department of blocks-long gas lines, are these gasoline line re.fining in the United States. And Energy has provided no way to recover storage tanks so full that new shipments we find that the Department of Energy the oil once it was buried. There will not are being sent to New Jersey? h'l.s fossilized the entire national gaso be even emergency pumps in place for The Carter administration is telling us line distribution network into a pattern at least several more months. The only to round up the usual suspects. In re which bears almost · no relation to the tangible result of this stockpile has been cent weeks, President Carter, Energy Sec actual need for gasoline. to bid up the world price of oil. retary James Schlesinger and other ad Here is what happened. Once gasoline is produced, every gal ministration officials have said they do Oil production in Iran was interrupted lon must be allocated according to De not have proof-but they think we must last winter for 69 days, and resumed at partment of Energy regulations. This is blame the gas shortage on big oil compa somewhat lower levels than before. After where an 8-percent nationwide shortage nies who hold back crude oil; refiners who market adjustments to the disruption, of gasoline-compared with 197'8-bal withhold gasoline or do not produce including increased production elsewhere looned into localized shortages of 20 to enough; gas station owners who do not in the world, America's share of crude 25 percent while gasoline stood uselessly keep long enough hours, sell too much oil supplies was reduced by 700,000 to idle elsewhere. The Los Angeles Times gasoline per customer, or do not sell 800,000 barrels a day, or about 4 percent. explained in a May 20, 1979, article how enough per customer; greedy American This much of the crisis is "real" but rel the DOE allocations work: motorists who guzzle too much gasoline; atively minor and temporary. Oil companies, sometimes in consultation and unseasonably warm weather, which Under something called the O'Leary with the government, decide how much gaso seduces us all into driving more than we rule, the Department of Energy directed line they can make in ea.ch coming month. should. Then they set aside fuel to meet 100% of American companies to refuse to bid for the needs of emergency services, such as Now, each of these explanations has its oU on the world spot market at more ambulances, police cars and fire trucks. attractions. But one drawback with all th-a.n $5 above the OPEC contract price Farmers have just been added to this list, of them is that there is no supporting of about $15 a barrel. This was supposed guaranteeing them diesel fuel for spring evidence. Take the possibility that big to hold down the price of oil. Because the planting, which has already been delayed by oil companies and major refineries are American companies largely complied rainy weatftl.er. holding back crude oil or gasoline from with this rule, the American crude oil Looking at last year's figures, the oil com this seller's market, to await price de panies reserve an amount equal to consump shortage roughly doubled, from 4 to 8 tion a year ago-plus an estimate for control, or for more obscure and sinister percent; yet the spot price for oil still growth-for these high-priority users. An reasons. This is believable in light of the hit $37 a barrel. other 3% is set aside for the call of state big oil companies' unsavory reputations Deputy Energy Secretary John government, to be distributed i.n hardship and their demonstrated lack of judgment. O'Leary, after whom the O'Leary rule cases. (President Carter last week offered Yet, as Congressman DAVE STOC:KMAN was named, now asserts the rule "may to increase this discretionary pool for Gov. points out: have cut world prices by $2 a barrel" Brown to 5% , a move that could improve There is no financial reason whatsoever for the state's flexibility in responding to par below what it would have been. In other ticular needs of problem areas but will not U.S. oil companies to hold back supplies of words, by deliberately increasing the gasoline in anticipation of decontrol. Presi provide any overall increase in gasoline sup dent Carter's decontrol program does not af American shortage, we saved the rest of ply.) The remaining gasoline is allocated fect the price controls on refined petroleum the world $2 a barrel on the oil it did equally among all dealers. products, which will remain in force until buy. For the purposes of illustration, assume September 30, 1981, unless DOE asks that Next, the Department of Energy di that Acme 011 Co. sold 100 gallons in June, they be removed before then (which they rected American refiners to divert 1978, but will ma.ke only 90 gallons this have not done). Crude oil price increases June. A year ago, the high-priority emergency attributable to the oil decontrol program enough of available crud~ oil from gaso users consumed 14 gallons, and thait left 86 can lawfully be used to justify higher prices line refining to manufacture 240,000 gallons for the dealers to sell. for gasoline under the regulations anyway, barrels of "middle distillate," more than This year, Acme sets aside 15 gallons for but only for oil that was produced after normal every day until October. The the high-priority group, assuming a 7% June 1, 1979. Thus the only method by which DOE explained this was necessary to growth in their needs, and another 1.8 gal- June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16245 lons as a state reserve. That leaves only jobber had to persuade the Energy Depart excess of refining capacity, because re 73.2 gallons for dealers to pump at their ment that it had priority customers. fineries have not been equipped to stations, instead of last year's total of 86 Similarly, Shell was told to sell 4 milllon gallons. gallons to a smaller San Francisco refiner. But handle the high-sulfur Alaskan crude oil. Available supplies total 73.2 gallons, or did the jobber or refiner in fact deliver to Mr. Speaker, if the Department of 85 % of the supplies that were available in their priorlity customers or unload the gaso Energy's incredibly complex regulation June of last year. Thus, Acme's allocatlOI1 line at sky-high prices in the private mar of gasoline cannot succeed in holding figure to its dealers wlll be 85 % of what they ket? down the price or increasing the supply received in June, 1978. Whether a station Shell does not know. of gasoline, and if the entire distribu sold a little or a lot is irrelevant; each dealer Neither does the Energy Department. tion network can be upset by normal gets 85 % of what he pumped a year ago. "We don't have any data on commerce, changes in driving patterns or a seasonal "There is only so much gasoline to go industry, fa.rm or government purchases," around,'' David J. Bardin, head of the Energy said Brian Mannix, a staff assistant in the change in the weather-what is there Department's Economic Regulatory Admln Energy Department's policy a.rm. "It would to recommend it? lstratlori, told a recent meeting of dealer be an extremely expensive and burdensome A free gasoline market would eliminate representatives, oil companies and state reporting system." the incredible disparities of price and energy officials. supply we are witnessing today, in the "Every time we allocate gasoline, we take it Another problem with the Department of Energy's regulations is that they are time it would take a tanker truck to from one place and move it to another out drive from an area of gasoline surplus let." always out of step with the size and loca As companies squeeze their allocations to tion of motorists' demand for gasoline. to an area of gasoline shortage. The dealers, from an unlimited amount in nor Until January 1979 gasoline distributors solution to the current gasoline crisis is mal times, to 100% of the previous year, then were required to allocate their gasoline clear: Get the Department of Energy down to 90 % and 80 % , the cries of outrage to retailers according to where and how out of the business of directing the pro from station owners and their customers duction and distribution of gasoline. The became louder and louder. People began to much was sold in 1972. By 1978, this formula was so out of date that it could only reason we have gas lines in part.8 fight for slices of a shrinking pie. of the country is that it is illegal today The State will receive this month a vol be applied to only 60 percent of the mar ume of gasoline equal to 93 percent of the ket. The remaining 40 percent, however, to match up willing suppliers with will fuel consumed during May of last year, ac was used by the distributors to form a ing consumers of gasoline.• cording to the Energy Department. The na free spot market which sent gasoline tional figure ls lower, at 92 percent. Alloca where it was needed. tion rates differ state to state because each In January, the DOE changed the base state ls served by a different mix of oil A CHANGE OF MIND ON RHODESIA companies. allocation period for any month to the Those percentages seem unbelievable to corresponding month in 1978. This effec service station dealers who are getting only tively froze gasoline distribution in a HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO 85 percent of their May, 1978, shipments. 1-year-old pattern, and at the same time OF CALIFORNIA It is a fight over numbers, with each side virtually eliminated the free spot mar scoring points but no additional gasoline ket. The resulting supply shortages and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES being produced. In computing its percentage, imbalances soon proved that population Friday, June 22, 1979 the federal government counts the gasoline reserved for state use, the 100 percent of shifts, driving patterns and road con e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, current needs assigned for high-priority struction can make a tremendous dif the following article by Miles Hudson users such as farmers and police, and then ference within a single year. The DOE appeared in the June 19 edition of the adds what is avallable for dealers. The total then decided to turn the clock back to Washington Post. comes to 93 percent of the fuel consumed 1977, but changed its mind once again. I think it is a useful description of yet in California a year ago. Now the DOE has a 1978 base period, But dealers and drivers who fill their cars another observer to the recent Rhodesia with an alternate option-allocating gas election and provides another reason to at retall stations naturally emphasize what oline to retail dealers according to their is avallable for them. They are not interested lift economic sanctions against the Rho in the full tanks of the fire trucks, telephone monthly sales average from October 1978 desian Government. to February 1979. But this method turns repair vans and tractors. They care about the The article follows: fuel at reta.11 service stations-and this is out to penalize areas which suffered se only about 85 percent of what it was a year vere winter weather during that time. A CHANGE OF MIND ON RHODESIA ago. The point is, no matter what "base (By Miles Hudson) Hence, both sides can be right about the period" the Department of Energy In May 1972, Lord Greenhill, the perma numbers, but the gasoline shortage persists. nent undersecretary at the British Foreign chooses to allocate gasoline sales, freez Office, and I handed the report of the Pearce New York's official allocation is 93 per ing the network at one point in time will Commission to Ian Smith in Salisbury. That cent of last year's supplies, but that always create dislocations. Such a ra commission had been set up by the British dwindles to 80 percent at the corner fill tioning scheme inherently ignores rela Conservative government to determine ing station. tive changes in demand. The only fair whether or not the agreement it had reached In Washington, D.C., the disparity is or efficient base period is today. And that with Ian Smith was acceptable to the people even greater. The DOE claims that the requires a free market. of Rhodesia as a whole. It reported in the area is receiving 90 percent of its 1978 negative, a.nd I am sure 1'ts judgment was DOE regulation has neither held down correct. I thought, and think, that the Con allocation, but at the retail gas pump, the price of gasoline nor increased its servative government was right, as a result, the percentage is 75 to 78 percent. availability; it has done the opposite. not to drop sanctions and recognize the The priority allocations and the State Still more DOE regulations freeze retail Smith government. In my view, also, the set-aside have grown more than twice as ers' and refiners' profit margins at 1973 Labor government was right to take the quickly as total consumption of gaso levels. However, if retailers forgo mark same view. line; yet there is no enforcement of who ing UJP their prices as much as permitted However, as a result of my recent visit (my receives gasoline from these allocations. at any time, they may "bank" the dif eighth) to Rhodesia, as one of five members According to the Los Angeles Times: ference and charge it in the future. For of the commission under Lord Boyd sent 'by In some cases, Shell was ordered by the the past few years, the market would Margaret Thatcher to report on the recent federal Energy Department to sell large elections, I have changed my views. The not bear the full markups permitted commission reported that the elections were quantities of gasoline on a priority basis to under DOE regulations, a fact which commercial accounts. Under federal energy fair and as free as possible in the circum rules, an oil producer like Shell has little squeezed retail profit margins. But in stances of war that prevailed there. It also recourse but to obey since-at least on the absence of competition-a condition said that the "election did in fact constitute paper-the fuel is supposed to be earmarked enfor0ed by the DOE-retailers are now a kind of referendum on the Constitution." for users facing emergency problems in catching up by raising their prices. It was not asked to pronounce on the issue getting fuel. Likewise, with refiners' profit mar of sanctions: On that and other points not For example, a 1-million gallon batch was covered by the report my remarks represent ordered sent to a Los Angeles jobber who gins frozen-as opposed to the prices only my own views, speaking in a private ca sells to many customers, including inde they may charge-there is no incentive pacity. pendent refineries who, in turn, feed inde to invest in expanding refinery capacity. Rhodesia is a moral issue. Previously the pendent gas stations a.round the Southland. In California today we see a simulta moral argument has been against recognition To get the gasoline in the first place, the neous glut of Alaskan crude oil and an and the dropping of sanctions. There was 16246 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 22, 1979 racial discrimination enshrined in law and ship, a spurning of the dark arrogance ot lowered neither the Georgia budget the whites had not taken an irrevocable de Communist-armed and -trained fanatics. nor the number of local government cision to transfer power to the blacks. Now, The people of Rhodesia need support. Their employees. all racially discriminaitory laws (including opponents will not concede the field as long Not everyone was surprised at Carter's the Land Tenure Act) have been repealed and as there is a hope of victory: With sanctions quick rise to national prominence. Reg the whites have actually handed over power not lifted and recognition not extended, they Murphy, former editor of the Atlanta to the blacks. There is a black prime minister will have this hope. The moral case for ac and a predominantly black parliament and tion is overwhelming. We should not give Constitution, and the current editor and cabinet. way to expediency.e publisher of the San Francisco Examiner, The arguments against recognition and the who once called Carter "one of the three dropping of sanctions, although they may ap or four phoniest men I ever met," pre pear to be moral, in faot fl.ow from expedi dicted in 1976 that Carter would be ency. VICTOR LASKY DESTROYS elected President. Murphy told News Two main reasons are given for not moving. ANOTHER MYTH First, the whites have not in fact relin week that Carter "will do what it takes quished power. Second, the Constitution was to win; he will change what views it never approved by the blacks. HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK takes for him to win." And Lasky reports To take the first argument, the 28 white that that is exactly what Carter pro seats do not give positive power; they estab OF OHIO ceeded to do. lish a negative blocking mechanism against IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Even now, after the welcome success of amendments of the entrenched clauses. They Friday, June 22, 1979 Carter's Middle East policy, Lasky finds protect the whites from arbitrary change to the Constitution against their essential in e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, Victor that the impression remains that Carter terests. Some such provision was essential if Lasky, the blunt and observant author of is "a politician of limited and uncertain the whites were to remain in Rhodesia and no the two bestsellers, "It Didn't Start With talents, a well-meaning man whose one, not even Joshua. Nkomo, wishes them all Watergate," and "J.F.K.: The Man and power derives far more from the omce to leave. I will deal later with the vital mat The Myth," has done it again with his he lucked into than the qualities of per ter of whether the Constitution itself was sonal leadership he has been able to acceptable to the people of Rhodesia as a latest, "Jimmy Carter: The Man and whole. The Myth." What amounts to "must" exert." Then there is the question of the retention reading for the politically involved, Lasky goes on to enumerate what he of whites in leading positions in the armed Lasky's latest effort most certainly will sees as the multitude of blunders and services, the police and the civil service. The be avidly consulted by participants in questionable practices that have surfaced fact is that the blacks, quite wrongly in my the 1980 Presidential campaigns. during Carter's administration. Among view, have not been trained up to take these positions immediately. Were they to leapfrog A journRlist for more than 30 years them: straight to the top with little or no experi Victor Lasky writes a weekly column for The possibility of a coverup in the ence, the result would certainly be chaotic. the North American Newspaper Alliance, Burt Lance affair. Examples where this has happened are not. and knows Washington politics more The lackluster investigation of the encouraging. Could, for instance, a lieu completely and intimately than most of "Koreagate" scandal. tenant promoted to general effectively direct the current crop of journalists. The controversial dismissal of David the war against the guerrillas? The real ques I insert at this point the first-out re tion is from whom these people will take Marston, the Republican U.S. Attorney their orders. The answer is, their black minis view of "Jimmy Carter: The Man and who was prosecuting Democratic officials ter-Bishop Muzorewa, in the case of the The Myth," which cannot fail to achieve in Pennsylvania. bestseller status among Democrats in the armed services. This is clear in the Constitu Dr. Peter Bourne's performance as tion itself (Paragraph 103 [3)). Power is 1980 Presidential primaries and, per effectively in black hands. haps, among the Republicans in the gen Director of the White House omce of Then there is the Constitution. The essen eral election. Drug Abuse Policy. tial point here is that this was negotiated on The inflammatory utterings of Billy and agreed to by three black parties that ANOTHER LOOK AT THE CARTER ADMINISTRATION Victor Lasky, author of the controver Carter which have embarrassed the between them received votes representing President and the Nation. over 50 percent not only of those who voted sial bestseller, "It Didn't Start With but of the entire electorate as well. As far as Watergate," which New York Times col With his characteristic thoroughness I know, in no British colony was there a umnist William Saft.re hailed as "a liter and keen eye for the ironic detail, Victor referendum on the Constitution. There were ary and political event," writes a prob Lasky has written a disturbing new book. no proposals for a referendum in the Anglo ing critical analysis of the extraordinary "Jimmy Carter: The Man and The American plan. The white referendum was Myth" is support for Laskv's statement necessary to tie the whites irrevocably to the rise of Jimmy Carter in, "Jimmy Carter: relinquishment of power, an essential ele The Man and The Myth," was published that "Obviously, if it didn't start with ment in the situation before the whole oper by Richard Marek Publishers on June 14. Watergate, it didn't stop with Watergate, ation could be started. According to Victor Lasky, Jimmy either."• The Patriotic Front could have taken part Carter, the man who sermonized his way in the negotiations leading to the Constitu tion and in the election if they had been pre into the White House with remarkably SUPREME COURT RULING ON pared to eschew violence. They refused and simple phrases-"! will never lie to you," RIGHTS OF HANDICAPPED PEO intensified their guerrilla campaign. In that "A government as good as its people," PLE situation, it would have been impossible for "Why not the best? "-does not practice any administration to allow their political what he preaches. Lasky reports that wings to take part in an election. For in several years before Watergate, Jimmy HON. PAUL SIMON stance, could the United States have allowed Carter presided over a gubernatorial OF ILLINOIS the Nazi Party to stand in elections here while it was fighting Nazi Germany? campaign in Georgia riddled w1th just IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the kind of political excesses that helped The election represented a struggle be Friday, June 22, 1979 tween the ballot box and the gun. The ballot destroy Richard Nixon's career. As Lasky box won, to the surprise of many. Of course notes, Jimmy Carter came to power • Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, last week, people realized what they were doing when largely because voters wanted someone the U.S. Supreme Court ruled for the they voted. If the poll had been low, every who was decidedly not Richard Nixon first time on a Federal law that forbids one would have said that this demonstrated and Carter persuaded the country that discrimination against handicapped a rejection of the Constitution by the people. The poll was high, and the argument was he was Nixon's opposite. people in federally funded programs. therefore changed. But the reality remains. Lasky portrays Carter as a stubborn, The ruling came in a case brought by The queues, sometimes a mile long, o1 hard-edged Governor whose temper and Frances Davis, a licensed practical happy excited people, which we saw, were the inability to compromise often got in the nurse with a severe hearing disability expression of a collective act of will of a peo way of his efforts to push his policies who had been turned down for a regis ple. The election represented the cry of a nation, tormented almost beyond hope by through the State legislature. Carter's tered nurse training program at South violence and beset by anguish and fear, ask much vaunted reorganization of the eastern Community College in White ing for help. It was a rejection of the gun State government resulted in what one ville, N.C., on the grounds that her dis as the arbiter of power, a plea for dignity Carter critic called, "a cosmetic re ability would prevent her from safely and progress under their own black leader- arrangement of the furniture" which caring for patients during her training June 22, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 16247 and later in her work as a registered SUPREME COURT RULING IN DAVIS CASE Is which share this view, and I would like NARROW TO ISSUE OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION nurse. IN SPECIFIC CASES; AOOD CAUTIONS AGAINST to off er a special word of appreciation Davis sued, charging that the college 0VERGENERALIZATIONS and commendation to those whose civic discriminated against her because of her The Supreme Court ruled unanimously in mindedness and financial support made handicap. Davis v. Southeastern Community College the program possible. They include: The Supreme Court based its holding that section 504 of the Rehab111tation Act Bankers Trust, Liberty Life Insurance in Davis against Southeastern Commu of 1973 does not impose upon institutions Co., Spartan Broadcasting, Citizens & nity College on its interpretation of sec of higher education an obligation to exercise Southern National Bank, Dan River, tion 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of "affirmative action" in admissions when Texize Chemical Co., Intex Products, 1973 which prohibits discrimination on there is reasonable doubt as to whether an Inc., Daniel International, Multimedia, the basis of a physical or mental hand applicant would be able to perform all of Inc., J. P. Stevens, and Southern Bank the duties and responsib111ties assumed by & icap in every federally assisted program graduates of the program. Trust Co. in the country. The Court's interpreta This is a narrow decision-it should not I also want to congratulate each of tion, however, was a narrow one. be "over-read" to say things it does not. The the congressional classroom participants The Court held in Davis that education opinion refers repeatedly to the special and their parents-and to assure my col institutions may require their applicants nature of this case, specifically to the life leagues that if the perception and in to meet necessary physical qualifications and-death nature of responsib111ties of grad quisitiveness demonstrated by these for admission to certain programs. In this uates of the nursing program. In such spe cial cases, the Court said, nothing in section young people is typical, then our future case, it meant that Southeastern could 504 imposes an "affirmative action" obliga is in excellent hands. The 1979 Fourth refuse to admit Frances Davis to its nurs tion on recipients to admit disabled persons. District congressional classroom scholars ing program on the ground that her The Court did, however, affirm section 504's include: Kyle Atkins, son of Mr. and Mrs. hearing limitation could interfere with nondiscrimination requirement. Donald Atkins; Ty Bond, daughter of the safe care of patients. At the same ACCD is especially concerned that Davis Mr. and Mrs. J. Roy Bond; Mia Hodge, time, the Court emphasized that schools not be misinterpreted by recipients of fed daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jim Hodge; may not exclude a handicapped appli eral assistance. The statute applies to ele Bessie Jordan, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. cant solely because of disability. mentary and secondary education, housing, transportation, and other areas as well as Andrew Jordan; John Lenning, son of Mr. Speaker, many people have read higher education. Cases as extreme as that Mr. and Mrs. John Lenning; Elizabeth this decision as a denial of the civil liber of Ms. Davis are not likely to be large in Loving, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Walter ties section 504 guarantees to handi number. We do, therefore, want to caution Loving. capped people. To react this way is to that the Supreme Court's ruling not mislead Art Mccraw, son of Mr. and Mrs. Joe misinterpret the Supreme Court's ruling persons to believe that other areas of the Mccraw; Mark Moore, son of Mr. and in the Davis case. statute have been affected. We note, too, that Mrs. Lewis Moore; Wesley Seifert, son We must be careful not to read the every major case involving section 504 to precede Davis affirmed section 504's require of Mr. and Mrs. W.W. Seifert; Randy Court's decision into situations beyond ments on behalf of disabled people.e Soden, son of Mr. and Mrs. James Soden; the specific facts of the case. The Davis Mathew Thomas, son of Mr. and Mrs. ruling is a limited decision and should Lowell Thomas; Ronald Thompson, son not be interpreted broadly. of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Thompson; and Even while permitting Southeast Com FOURTH DISTRICT CONGRES Denise Underwood, daughter of Mr. and munity College to exclude Frances Davis SIONAL CLASSROOM Mrs. Hulon Underwood. from its nursing program because of her Also participating were Bridget Ben hearing impairment, the Supreme Court non, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Lee Roy acknowledged that "the line between a HON. CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, JR. Bennon; Lanyda Boyer, daughter of Mr. lawful refusal to extend affirmative ac OF SOUTH CAROLINA and Mrs. Donald Boyer; Samuel Camp tion and illegal discrimination against IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bell, son of Mr. and Mrs. Raymond handicapped persons" may not always be Friday, June 22, 1979 Campbell. Trina Harrison, daughter of clear, and that "situations may arise Mr. and Mrs. John Harrison; Shonda where a refusal to modify an existing • Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, over McCall, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. L. T. program might become unreasonable and the past 2 weeks, it has been my happy McCall; Gary Middlebrook, son of Mr. discriminatory." The Court emphasized privilege to help introduce 26 outstand and Mrs. C. 0. Middlebrook; Laurie Sar that HEW will continue to have the re ing young men and women from the gent, daughter of Mrs. Charlotte Sharp; sponsibility of identifying "instances Fourth District of South Carolina to Audrey Schmitt, daughter of Mr. and where a refusal to accommodate the both the inner workings of their Federal Mrs. Theophil Schmitt; Myra Shaw, needs of a disabled person amounts to Government and to the beauty and his daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Shaw; discrimination against the handicapped." torical riches of the Nation's Capital. Keith Smith, son of Mr. and Mrs. Hershel Indeed, Mr. Speaker, the Davis de These impressive rising seniors were Smith; Frankie Theo, daughter of Mr. cision does not spell the end of section selected by their high schools to partici and Mrs. Ken Burnett; Dean Wallace, 504. pate in the Fourth District congressional grandson of Mr. and Mrs. Willow Wal The Supreme Court confined its hold classroom program-an intensive 4-day lace; and Mark Wilson, son of Mr. and ing to professional training programs dawn-to-dark schedule of meetings, Mrs. Elmore Wilson.• with particular physical requirements. briefings, and tours. Among the high Rather, the recent decision was a clari lights of the trip were visits with mem fication of the meaning of section 504 bers of the congressional delegation, at when applied to a particular situation. tendance at House and Senate sessions PERSONAL OPINION OF H.R. 3930 The Davis decision does not mean that and committee hearings, tours of the handicapped children are no longer en White House, Supreme Court, and titled to a free public education or that Archives, as well as the national monu HON. RON PAUL disabled individuals are not entitled to ments and some Federal agencies, and OF TEXAS jobs for which they are otherwise quali participation at some of the wonderful IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fied. cultural events the city offers. Fritf,ay, June 22, 1979 Since its enactment, section 504 has With many difficult decisions being done a good deal to dispel stereotypes forced on us as a nation, it is imperative, • Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, we have been about the handicapped. Those ·gains will I believe, for your young people to have told that H.R. 3930, extension of the De not be undone by the Davis decision. the opportunity to ask questions directly fense Produ:tion Act, is necessary in Mr. Speaker, at this point I would like and to see firsthand where and how our order to provide mobility fuels for the to insert in the RECORD for the benefit of laws are made so that they might have Department of Defense should there be my colleagues a statement on the Davis a real understanding of their Govern an interruption in our imported oil sup case issued by the American Coalition of ment and their American heritage. ply. In the final report of the Depart Citizens with Disabilities. We are fortunate in the Fourth Dis ment of Defense shale oil task force, the The statement follows: trict to have companies and businesses annual use of fuel by the Department of 16248 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE June 2·5, 1979 Defense is reported to be approximately NINE HOUSE MEMBERS BECAME Hall. On that occasion an address was 150 million barrels. The goal of H.R. 3930 PRESIDENT given by William K. Alderfer, historian is to produce 182 million barrels of syn of the State of Illinois and secretary of thetic fuels per year in order to meet this the Abraham Lincoln Association, need. There is, however, no such need. I HON. PAUL FINDLEY Springfield, Ill. quote from a General Accounting Office OF ILLINOIS The ceremony was auspicious, made report dated June 15, 1979. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the more so by a program of music by DOE estimates that by the mid-198-0s Friday, June 22, 1979 the Marine Corps Band. about 440,000 barrels of oil equivalent a day, Very recently, the Architect placed in or about 163 mllllon barrels over 1 year, •Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, acting un the :floor additional plates marking the could be made available by private industry der the authority of House Resolution desk location of these former Presidents: during petroleum supply interruptions. 605, which I sponsored and which the John Quincy Adams, James Buchanan, House of Representatives approved on This 1s the second time the Congress Millard Fillmore, Andrew Johnson, December 3, 1973, the Architect of the Franklin Pierce, James Knox Polk, and has been sold a bill of goods in the name Capitol has installed in the :floor of of "national security." The Strategic John Tyler. Statuary Hall brass plates indicating No marker was placed for William Petroleum Reserve was pushed through the desk location of each former Presi Henry Harrison who was a Member of the Congress on the basis of "national dent of the United States who served as the House of Representatives when it security." That program is a fiasco, rid a Member of this body when it met in did not meet in Statuary Hall. Some dled with cost overruns, serious delays, that hall. other suitable designation is now being and the inability to get the crude oil out The first such installation marked the studied for him. of the ground at this point. Compared desk location of Abraham Lincoln, who All of these men and the unique role with what will happen under H.R. 3930 served as a Representative from Illinois they played in the history of the Con or any similar bill, however, the Strategic in the 30th Congress. It was set in place gress, the White House, and the Nation Petroleum Reserve will be a model of by then Speaker Carl Albert on Au serve as an important inspiration to all sound management.• gust 1, 1974, in a ceremony in Statuary Americans.• SENATE-Monday, June 25, 1979 The Senate met at 10:30 a.m., on the THE JOURNAL I transmit also, for the information of expiration of the recess, and was called the Senate, the Report of the Secretary Mr. ROBERT c. BYRD. Mr. President, of State with respect to the Treaty, to to order by Hon. J. JAMES ExoN, a Sen I ask unanimous consent that the Jour ator from the State of Nebraska. nal of the proceedings be approved to gether with the following related docu date. ments: PRAYER The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem 1. a series of Agreed Statements and The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. Common Understandings concerning L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following the obligations of the Parties under par prayer: ticular articles of the Treaty; 2. a Memorandum of Understanding Day by day, dear Lord, EXECUTIVE SESSION-TREATY ON that will establish an agreed data base Of Thee three things we pray: THE LIMITATION OF STRATEGIC by categories of strategic offensive arms To see Thee more clearly, OFFENSIVE ARMS along with associated statements of To love Thee more dearly, Mr. ROBERT c. BYRD. Mr. Presi current data; To follow Thee more nearly, dent, as in executive session, I ask Day by day. 3. a Joint Statement of Principles and Amen. unanimous consent that the injunction Basic Guidelines on the Limitation of of secrecy be removed from the Treaty Strategic Arms concerning the next on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive phase of negotiation on this subject; and APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI Arms, known as SALT II, and Protocol 4. a Soviet statement on the Backfire DENT PRO TEMPORE thereto, both signed in Vienna, Austria, bomber, together with a U.S. response. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk on June 18, 1979

•This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor.

EXTENSIONS of REMARKS 16201 for the Commercialized Production of Syn­ H.R

EXTENSIONS of REMARKS 16201 for the Commercialized Production of Syn H.R