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Home , Herbert Croly

History of American Political Thought

Edited by Bryan-Paul Frost and Jeffrey Sikkenga

II LEXINGTON BOOKS Lanham • Boulder • New York • Oxford CONTENTS

Preface and Acknowledgments xi Bryan-Paul Frost and Jeffrey Sikkenga

Introduction: 's Democracy in America 1 Harvey C. Mansfield and Delta Winthrop

PART ONE: FROM COLONY TO NA TION (1608-1776)

John Winthrop, John Cotton, and Nathaniel Niles: The Basic Principles of Puritan Political Thought 25 MichaelJ. Rosano Thomas Hutchinson and James Otis on Sovereignty, Obedience, and Rebellion 44 Howard L. Lubert : The American Radical 63 John Koritansky Benjamin Franklin: A Model American and an American Model 80 Steven Forde

PART TWO: (1776-1820)

5 Liberty, Constitutionalism, and Moderation: The Political Thought of George Washington 95 Paul O. Carrese 6 John Adams and the Republic of Laws 114 Richard Samuelson 7 Legitimate Government, Religion, and Education: The of 132 Aristide Tessitore 8 The Political Science of James Madison 149 Michael P. Zuckert 9 on the Strategy of American Free Government 167 Karl-Friedrich Walling 10 America's Modernity: James Wilson on and Natural Rights 192 Eduardo A. Velasquez

vn 11 Anti-Federalist Political Thought: Brutus and The Federal Farmer 216 Murray Dry 12 The New Constitutionalism of Publius 230 James R. Stoner, Jr. 13 Union, Constitutionalism, and the Judicial Defense of Rights: John Marshall 248 Matthew J. Franck

PART THREE: A DIVIDED NATION (1820-1865)

14 John Quincy Adams on Principle and Practice 271 David Tucker 15 Union and Liberty: The Political Thought of Daniel Webster 287 Sean Mattie 16 Henry Clay and the Statesmanship of Compromise 302 Kimberly C. Shankman 17 John C. Calhoun and the Reexamination of American Democracy 316 John Agresto 18 The Art of the Judge: Justice Joseph Story and the Founders' Constitution 325 Peter Schotten 19 James Fenimore Cooper: Nature and Nature's God 342 John E. Alvis 20 Religion, Nature, and Disobedience in the Thought of and Henry David Thoreau 355 Bryan-Paul Frost 21 "Proclaim Liberty throughout the Land": Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, and the Abolition of Slavery 376 Richard S. Ruderman 22 : The Moderation of a Democratic Statesman 395 Steven Kautz

PARTFOUR: GROWTH OF AN EMPIRE (1865-1945)

23 Feminism as an American Project: The Political Thought of Elizabeth Cady Stanton 419 Melissa S. Williams 24 Mark Twain on the American Character 430 David Foster

vm 25 Pricking the Bubble of Utopian Sentiment: The Political Thought of William Graham Sumner 451 Lance Robinson 26 Booker T. Washington and the "Severe American Crucible" 464 Peter W. Schramm 27 Co-workers in the Kingdom of Culture: W. E. B. Du Bois's Vision of Race Synthesis 479 Jonathan Marks 28 Henry Adams and Our Ancient Faith 491 Christopher Flannery 29 Jane Addams as Civic Theorist: Struggling to Reconcile Competing Claims 504 Jean Bethke Elshtain 30 Herbert Croly's Progressive "" 521 Thomas S. Engeman 31 and the Stewardship of the American Presidency 536 Jean M. Yarbrough 32 , the Organic State, and American Republicanism 549 Ronald J. Pestritto 33 The Making of the Modern Supreme Court: Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., and Louis D. Brandeis 569 David F. Forte 34 John Dewey's Alternative Liberalism 585 David Fott 35 Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Second Bill of Rights 598 Donald R. Brand

PART FIVE: NEW CHALLENGES AT HOME AND ABROAD (1945-present)

36 Ayn Rand: Radical for 617 William Thomas 37 Walker Percy's American Thomism 633 Peter Augustine Lawler 38 Russell Kirk's Anglo-American Conservatism 646 James McClellan 39 The Two Revolutions of Martin Luther King, Jr. 666 Peter C. Myers 40 Malcolm X: From Apolitical Acolyte to Political Preacher 687 Lucas E. Morel

IX 41 Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem: The Popular Transformation of American Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century 697 Natalie Taylor and Daryl McGowan Tress 42 John Rawls's "Democratic" Theory of Justice 713 David Lewis Schaefer 43 Henry Kissinger: The Challenge of Statesmanship in 733 Peter Josephson 44 Irving Kristol and the Reinvigoration of Bourgeois Republicanism 754 Laurence D. Cooper 45 The Jurisprudence of William Joseph Brennan, Jr., and Thurgood Marshall 772 Bradley C. S. Watson 46 The Textualist Jurisprudence of Antonin Scalia 787 Ralph A. Rossum

Index 805

About the Editors and Contributors 825