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Second Quarter 2008.Qxd Magazine of the Documentation Center of Cambodia Searching for THE TRUTH KRT Forced to Face Translation Crisis Starvation Under the Democratic Kampuchea Regime « The great victory of 17 April 1975 brought our nation, people SpecialEnglish Edition and army great honour which we must preserve, consolidate, Second Quarter 2008 expand and prevent from being tarnished and lost.» -- Nuon Chea Searching for the truth. TABLE OF CONTENTS Magazine of the Documentation Center of Cambodia Special English Edition, Second Quarter 2008 EDITORIAL KRT Forced to Face Translation Crisis 1 DOCUMENTATION Thmar Puok Villagers Take Part in Filing Complaints for Justice and Collective Compensation 2 The Struggling of a 6 January Nurse 8 Almost Die In the Khmer Rouge Regime 10 HISTORY Artistic Roles in Khmer Rouge Revolution 13 Public Survey of the Khmer Rouge Tribunal 16 Victim Participation (VPA) Project: Provincial Report - Kampong Thom Province 18 A Flag with a Tortured Past 24 Cambodian Army Anniversary 28 LEGAL Legal Discussion: Ieng Thirith's Appeal Against The Provisional Detention 32 Defining International Law 36 East Germany's Legal Advisor to the 1979 Ieng Sary at the Hearing in 2008 Tribunal in Cambodia 39 Copyright © PUBLIC DEBATE Documentation Center of Cambodia On Cambodia-China Relations 44 All rights reserved. Starvation Under the Democratic Kampuchea Licensed by the Ministry of Information of Regime 49 the Royal Government of Cambodia, Civil Party's Repeated Attempts to Address Bench Prakas No.0291 P.M99, and Poor Management... 54 2 August 1999. FAMILY TRACING Photographs by the Documentation Center of Cambodia Desire to Hear from Missing Family Members 56 and Desire to See the Khmer Rouge Tribunal Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. Bring Us Justice 59 Contributors: Kok-Thay Eng, Sophal Ly, Sok-Kheang Ly, Terith Chy and Sarah Thomas, Siegfried Ehrmann, Randle DeFalco and Jared L.Watkins, Beth Van Schaack, Howard J. De Nike, Julio A. Jeldres, J. Solomon Bashi, Keodara Prak, Pecheth Men. Staff Writers: Bunthorn Som, Tat Leakhena. English Editor: Socheat Nhean. Editor-iin-CChief and Publisher: Youk Chhang. Graphic Designers: Sopheak Sim. Distributor: Veng Chheng. E m a i l : d c c a m @ o n l i n e . c o m . k h , H o m e p a g e : w w w . d c c a m . o r g SEARCHING FOR THE TRUTH EDITORIALS Editorial: KRT FORCED TO FACE TRANSLATION CRISIS Kok-Thay Eng At DC-Cam we do extensive translations, both understand quite well the Khmer Rouge history. from Khmer to English and English to Khmer. We Also each 16000 pages of documents are not visibly have so far published several English-written books related so as to cause problems for the translator to into Khmer and thousands of pages of Khmer understand contexts. Rouge texts into English. Surely, translation is not When the Documentation Center of Cambodia an easy task. But one can speed up or slow down began its works in collecting, cataloguing and output by changing the quality of the translation. studying Khmer Rouge documentary materials we One can translate very quickly by giving a very basic faced similar problems with the translation of the and brief summary of the original text. This type of original documents for foreign scalars to understand translation does not take into account many contexts the texts. Those problems were very difficult to given in the original documents. A second way of overcome at first but as we worked on them we translating is to look very closely at the most exact were able to find very close equivalence between words to use in place of the original words. If one Khmer and English. This was put in a glossary. One is able to do that he can represent exact mood and can request that at the Documentation Center of meaning given in original texts. This process of Cambodia. A number of books by notable Khmer translation takes a very long time to complete. A Rouge scholars such as David Chandler, Ben translator who can do that is hard to find. However Kiernan and Steve Heder provide excellent English one can rest assured that the translated text is equivalent of special Khmer Rouge concepts. reliable, even usable in court. There are several The ECCC cannot overcome the translation obstacles in following the second process. First to backlog of the 16000 pages by attempting to do get the same meaning is not so difficult, but to get the second type of translation that is to understand the same mood and contexts is bit harder. This is all contexts and meanings. Even when they have primarily caused by the way Cambodians express more money to do it, they do not have enough meaning and feeling distinctively from an English experience Cambodian translators to handle the speaking person does. This problem is compounded job within the ECCC time frame. They can overcome by the fact that there are very few Cambodians this problem by first translating a summary of today who can understand English-speaking culture meaning of the Khmer Rouge texts, which is quick, well. The situation with French might be less difficult and then prioritize particular documents for as 90 years of colonial rule might close the gap detailed translation usable in as evidence. between Cambodian and French cultures. The problem is also accentuated by the fact that the Khmer Rouge ____________________________ themselves seem to have a distinctive dialect different Kok-TThay Eng is the Research Director of the from today's version of Khmer language. Therefore Documentation Center of Cambodia and a Phd stu- the Khmer-English/French translator needs to dent at Rutgers University, USA. DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA (DC-CAM) 1 SPECIAL ENGLISH EDITION, SECOND QUARTER 2008 THMAR PUOK VILLAGERS TAKE PART IN FILING COMPLAINTS FOR JUSTICE AND COLLECTIVE COMPENSATION Sophal Ly Thmar Puok is a remote district about 40 most responsible for the atrocities committed kilometers from Banteay Meanchey province, next under the Khmer Rouge. to the Thai border. Although the Khmer Rouge In order to spread this information to people regime collapsed in 1979, Thmar Pouk still faced in remote areas, NGOs have been working extremely serious security problems until the first half of the hard to set up different projects for propagating the 1990s. Villagers have been attacked and robbed by details of the tribunal process to people. Since 2006, the Khmer Rouge soldiers many times. the Documentation Center of Cambodia has been Only in 1997, after the Khmer Rouge leaders working on a project called "Visit to the Extraordinary intergrated with the Cambodian government, did Chamber in the Court of Cambodia." This undertaking the situation in Thmar Puok stabilize. However, the makes it possible for people to visit and witness the majority of villagers who live there, as well as those hearings taking place in the Extraordinary Chamber in other rural areas, know very little information in the Court of Cambodia. To date, the Documentation about the tribunal process, especially concerning Center of Cambodia has invited 7,040 people the development of the "hybrid" court created by representatives from every province and city in the Cambodian government and the United Nations Cambodia to take part in the project. Participants to try former senior Khmer Rouge leaders and those will share their understanding and views of the trial Villagers read DC-CCam´s Searching for the Truth DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA (DC-CAM) 2 SEARCHING FOR THE TRUTH DOCUMENTATION to people in their community when they return home. Nowadays, people farm on the site of these 3 mass On April 4, about 14 representatives from graves. Thmar Puok who had filled out victim forms were This was the first time that Yoeun had invited to hear Noun Chea appeal against his participated in such a program; the first time he provisional detention. These forms allowed victims had had an opportunity to describe real events that to describe their suffering under the Khmer Rouge he had lived through during the Khmer Rouge regime and share stories of relatives who had regime; and the first time his story would act as a disappeared during Democratic Kampuchea. testimony in a court of law. Yoeun had faced two Additionally, the victim forms provided insight into particularly terrifying events during the Khmer Rouge their expectations for the trial and the need for years. Firstly, in 1977, Yoeun saw Khmer Rouge some form of compensation for their communities. guerillas kill a man called Ta Chhem who lived in All of the representatives hoped that their complaints Kandal village, Kok Romeat sub-district, Thmar would become vital documents for the court. The Puok district. Ta Chhem was sent to a cooperative following are plaintiffs' commentaries. and lived under terrible conditions with an inadequate Yon Yoeun , 47 years old, Council of Kok diet. Once he returned to the village, he dug up a Romeat sub-district, Thmar Puok district, expressed small potato to eat; unfortunately, Khmer Rouge his pleasure at his invitation to participate in the soldiers caught him and executed him on the spot. hearing because this gave him a chance to file a Yoeun believes that if one considers the law, Ta useful complaint for the tribunal. Yoeun said the Chhem's small mistake should not have led to his reason why he had lodged a complaint was death. Yoeun said, "This is a small mistake, only a because Khmer Rouge policies initiated during their slightly bigger than a big toe potato, he should not years in power had brought untold suffering to have been killed." The second event is that Yoeun many innocent people, including his own family. saw Khmer Rouge soldiers escort 40 people from Yoeun lost an elder brother and two uncles in Rong village, eastern Srok mountain to be executed 1978.
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