Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization A Dialogue with Political Parties on Future of Federalism and Democratic Devolution in Pakistan Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization Introduction On August 1st, 2013, the Centre for Civic Education in Pakistan (CCEP) and United Nations Development Program (UNDP) organized a dialogue with Pakistan's mandate-bearing political parties on the “Future of Federalism and Democratic Devolution in Pakistan”. The main objectives of the dialogue were: 1. To understand political parties perspectives and positions on federalism and democratic devolution 2. To seek ideas from political parties as how to optimize the dividends of the 18th Constitutional Amendment 3. To understand the perspectives and plans of provincial governments on deepening local democracy through local governments. All mainstream political parties that earned mandate during Election-2013 were invited. Historically, democratic political demands and developments in Pakistan have revolved around the questions of provincial autonomy, control/management of natural resources and equitable sharing of nation's wealth among the federation and its constituent units. Having been founded as a federation in 1947, Pakistan's history has been marked by periods of authoritarian rule and by centralized administration, even during periods of democratic government. A strong demand from all quarters, especially from provincial political leaders, for 'true federalism' resulted in the passage of the 18th Constitutional Amendment which has been described by Senator Raza Rabbani as the “most comprehensive restructuring of the federal and provincial administration since 1947”. However, the implementation of this potentially reforming constitutional amendment has not been without significant challenges, making an exploration of points of policy convergence imperative to its success. The timing of this consultation is also made crucial by the 2013 Elections in Pakistan which have brought new and diverse stakeholders to the forefront in every federating unit. 1 Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization Summary The conference was attended by representatives from most mainstream political parties that earned mandate in the elections of 2013, government functionaries, civil society representatives, academia, technical experts and development partners. As the dialogue was held in the last week of Ramadan, a traditional time for Muslims to travel to Saudi Arabia to perform Umrah, some guests such as representatives from the ruling party Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) were not able to attend. Various ideas about strengthening federalism and improving devolution came to the forth in the dialogue. Equitable sharing of energy resources in the light of the constitution is clearly an important concern, shared by most political parties represented. Three of the speakers Mr. Taj Haider of PPP, Mr. Haji Adeel of ANP and Shehryar Afridi of Tehreek-e- Insaf referred to the Article 158 of the Constitution of Pakistan which states “The Province in which a well-head of natural gas is situated shall have precedence over other parts of Pakistan in meeting the requirement from that well-head, subject to the commitments and obligations as on the commencing day”. Speakers from Khyber Pakthunkhwa commented on the high price of electricity that they are forced to pay once the electricity generated is put into the national basket. Jan Muhammad Achakzai, the spokesperson for Jamiat Ulema-e- Islam (JUI), specifically spoke of the small percentage of electricity produced by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa which is returned to the province and at a much higher price than the cost at which it is produced. Mr. Usman Kakar representing the Pakhtunkhwa Mili Awami Party commented on the recent move by the Federal Government to purchase electricity from China saying that this decision has been made ignoring Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's ability to produce enough cheap electricity to be supplied to the whole country. Similarly Shoukat Yousafzai, representative from the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaaf (PTI) and current Minister for Information and Health in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, also spoke of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's energy woes saying that Islamabad's recently announced energy policy has ignored Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's demand for ownership of electricity 2 Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization distribution in the province. He also demanded that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's ability to provide cheap electricity to industry be used to attract investment in the province. In addition to demanding that the distribution of electricity should be devolved to the provinces, speakers from Sindh argued that Sindh should have the first right over the electricity produced in the province. Economic devolution was another concern that was shared by most speakers. Dr. Farooq Sattar demanded a greater control over taxation for the provinces. A number of speakers also called for the devolution of the Employees Old Age Benefits Institute (EOBI) as well as of Worker's Welfare fund. It was further demanded that assets that have been devolved to the provinces should be handed over to increase capacity. It was recommended that the new government should demonstrate its commitment towards strengthening of federalism in Pakistan by constituting a parliamentary committee to oversee the process of devolution in Pakistan. Mr. Taj Haider also suggested the establishment of a Federal Constitutional Court to monitor the federal decisions made by the federal government. The importance of keeping the Council for Common Interests (CCI) an active body was also shared amongst the speakers. On the issue of Local Government most speakers pressed for the need to develop a law for local government. MQM revealed to the participants a draft for such a law prepared by the party. Dr. Farooq Sattar discussed his party's vision for local government that goes beyond dealing with municipality issues to become 'engines for growth' in the 21st century. Bushra Gohar from the Awami National Party argued that local body elections should be party based and it should be ensured that elections take place in Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) as well. Finally, most speakers expressed a deep concern for the future of the federalism in Pakistan which they perceived as being under threat by centralist forces. Proceedings: The dialogue began with opening remarks from the Executive Director of the Centre for Civic Education Pakistan (CCEP), Mr. Zafarullah Khan who welcomed the participants on the behalf of the CCEP and thanked the UNDP for their support in organizing the event. Mr. Khan touched upon the importance of the timing of this dialogue saying that since the elections, new players have emerged in Pakistan and it would be extremely valuable to understand their perspectives on the issue of federalism and democratic devolution in Pakistan. He added that the topic of devolution and democracy was important to citizens as consumers of democracy. Referring to a recent ruling by the Supreme Court ordering the making of Local Governments Law, he underlined the importance of hearing the perspective of political parties on this important issue of judicialization of reforms. Marc- André Franche, Country Director for UNDP in Pakistan expressed his happiness at having the opportunity to hear from political parties on the important issue of democratic devolution and federalism. He said that this event was part of UNDP's plan to organize many such events, which would help in creating an understanding of the contours of this subject, encouraging intergovernmental dialogue and enhancing accountability. Mr. Franche added that as a French Canadian, he is someone who truly understood the value of federalism, and considers the passage of the 18th Amendment to be a victory for Pakistan and an important historical development. 3 Strengthening Participatory Federalism and Decentralization Jan Muhammad Achakzai, the spokesperson for JUI was the first to speak from the side of the political parties. Mr. Achakzai described the passage of the 18th Amendment as a watershed in the Pakistan's history, which represented a consensus over how the country could move from centralization towards devolution. Discussing the pressing issue of energy sharing and resource mobilization, he argued that the 18th amendment had come up with a deficient formula for sharing electricity and other minerals. He pointed out that many countries, like Thailand, share energy resources in a way that the provinces get three times the share of the centre. Mr. Achakzai highlighted the grievances of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Sindh with regards to energy resource sharing. He pointed out that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa produces around 4000 MW of electricity of which it only got 1100 MW back once it is put in the national basket. On top of that, he added, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is forced to pay the same price for electricity as the rest of the country despite its ability to produce it for much cheaper than other provinces. In this regard, he argued, that the 18th amendment could do a lot more. The second aspect of the 18th amendment that Mr. Jan Achakzai discussed was Local Government. He pointed out that while politicians did not wish to disagree with devolution, they had bad memories associated with the system which had been abused in the past, resulting in reluctance in its proper implementation. He summed up his speech by saying that much had been achieved by the
Recommended publications
  • Policing Urban Violence in Pakistan
    Policing Urban Violence in Pakistan Asia Report N°255 | 23 January 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Peshawar: The Militant Gateway ..................................................................................... 3 A. Demographics, Geography and Security ................................................................... 3 B. Post-9/11 KPK ............................................................................................................ 5 C. The Taliban and Peshawar ......................................................................................... 6 D. The Sectarian Dimension ........................................................................................... 9 E. Peshawar’s No-Man’s Land ....................................................................................... 11 F. KPK’s Policy Response ............................................................................................... 12 III. Quetta: A Dangerous Junction ........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 'Empowering Disenfranchised
    REVIEW REPORT OF SEMINAR WITH ACTION AID ‘EMPOWERING DISENFRANCHISED WOMEN IN POLITICAL REALM’ COMPILED & NARRATED BY: HINA AHMED, R&D OFFICER-FORUM FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PAKISTAN UNDER SUPERVISION OF MR. ASIM ZUBAIR. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR-FHRP Everyone is born equal. So why divide! -Anonymous 2 Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This seminar would have not been possible without Action AID’s support and interest, particularly Mr. Shahjehan Baloch’s, who reinforced practical execution of the entire concept of the seminar. There was a pressing need to share findings of FAFEN’s data with concerned government officials that FHRP collated during GE2008’s observation of women- only polling stations in Sindh and Balochistan. We are also thankful to all the members of the political parties who took time out of their busy schedules and shared their invaluable insights with us. 3 Page DISCLAIMER This report is only a compilation of views, opinions and information conveyed by the invited guest speakers. The author and the organizers of the seminar do not accept the responsibility of the claims made and the authenticity of the factual or any other information provided by any party other than staff of Forum for Human Rights Pakistan-FHRP. 4 Page #. CONTENTS PAGE# 1. Preface 6 2 Executive Summary 7 3 Background 9 4 Objective of the seminar 12 5 Names of invited speakers 13 6 Format of the seminar 13 8 Views shared by: - Mr. Rasheed Chauhdry (Director program-FAFEN) 15 - Ms. Marvi Rashidi (Member PML Functional) 18 - Ms. Sabra Shahid (Member Jamaat’e Islami) 20 - Mr. Tashfeen Niazi (Member PML-N) 23 - Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Haunting Footprints of Drought, Hunger and Poor Governance: a Report on the Tharpakar Crisis
    The Haunting Footprints of Drought, Hunger and Poor Governance: A Report on the Tharpakar Crisis THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR HUMAN RIGHTS GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN MESSAGE OF THE CHAIRMAN Thar is a large track of desert land running along the whole of the eastern length of the Sind province. It consists of sand hills or bhiths and shallow salt lakelets (dhandis) fed by rain. The phenomenon of drought is recurring and Thar remains the worst region of famine. The name Thar comes from ‘thul’ which means sand ridges. It is also commonly known as ‘MarooThul’, which means the death area. The crisis at Thar was nomenclatured as a “Tragedy of Thar” by the DAWN newspaper in its editorial after my visit dated 12th March 2016. The conditions in Thar are a stark manifestation of state neglect, inaptitude, bureaucratic inertia and corruption. Now another problem is arising through radicalization and attempts of forced conversions. All this calls for immediate curative measures as suggested in the report. This greatest desert of Pakistan has the biggest deposits of coal and overwhelming non- muslim majority whimpering of inaction on the part of the state. State organizations like NDMA, PDMAs, metrological departments etc have remained callous so far which is unfortunate. The Metrological department could always forewarn through correct information about the expected drought to prepare people ahead. The government of Sindh in departments of Health, Education and local administration are to be made accountable. The agonies of the people were brought to the notice of the receptive Senator Taj Haider, the spokesman for the Sindh government on Thar.
    [Show full text]
  • Context, Achievements and Challenges
    CONTEXT, ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Table of Contents Acronyms i Foreword v 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Centrality of Parliament in Democratic Governance 1 1.2. Parliaments Across Political Systems 2 1.3. Contextualizing the Decade of Democracy in Pakistan 3 (2008 2018) 1.4. Empowerment and Institutional Development of 9 Parliament 1.5. Report – Decade of Democracy in Pakistan (2008 - 2018) 11 2. How They Fared on Lawmaking? 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Legislation: Quantitative Dimension 16 2.3 Private Members’ Bills: Pakistan, India and UK 17 2.4 Constitutional Amendments: Revival of 1973 19 Constitution and Beyond 2.5 Gender-sensitive Legislation 23 2.6 Electoral Reform 25 2.7 Failure to Repeal NAB Ordinance 27 2.8 Terrorism 28 2.9 Lawmaking for Rights 30 2.10 Education 32 2.11 Documenting and Publishing Laws 32 2.12 Access to Information 33 2.13 Economy 33 2.14 Justice Sector Reforms 34 3. Parliamentary Oversight of Government 37 3.1. Introduction 37 3.2. Question Hour 37 3.3. Calling Attention Notices 41 3.4. Resolutions 43 3.5. Motions under Rule 259 in National Assembly 48 3.6. Motion under Rule 218 in Senate 49 3.7. Adjournment Motions 49 4. Functioning of Mini Legislature: Parliamentary 53 Committees 4.1. Introduction 53 4.2. Empowerment of Committees 53 4.3. Composition of Committees and Role of Opposition 54 4.4. Public Hearings and Public Petitions 56 4.5. Performance of Committees 57 5. Gender Representation and Parliamentary 65 Performance 5.1 Introduction 65 5.2 State of Women Representation Internationally 66 5.3 Women’s Legislative Representation in Pakistan 68 5.4 Legal Framework for Women’s Representation 69 5.5 Women’s Right to Vote 71 5.6 Women Legislators’ Performance in the National 73 Assembly 5.7.
    [Show full text]
  • The Senate of Pakistan Debates
    T01-23JAN2012 FAHEEM/ED Javaid Iqbal 4:20 P.M. ER12 THE SENATE OF PAKISTAN DEBATES OFFICIAL REPORT Monday, January, 23, 2012 (77 th Session) Volume X No. 01 (Nos.01-06) CONTENTS Pages 1. Recitation from the Holy Quran……………………… 2. Leave of Absence……………….……………………. 3. Legislative business …………………………………. 4. Deferment of the Commenced Resolution moved by Dr. Khalid Mehmood Soomro……………..………… 5. Discussion on Resolution regarding allotment of Govt. accommodation………………………………... 6. Discussion on Resolution regarding Declaration of Urdu as official language…………………………….. 7. Resolution moved by Senator Mian Raza Rabbani regarding Former President Pervez Musharraf…...….. Printed and Published by the Senate Secretariat, Islamabad. Volume-X SP.VII(03)/2011 No.01 130 SENATE OF PAKISTAN SENATE DEBATES Monday, January 23, 2012 The Senate of Pakistan met in the Senate Hall (Parliament House) Islamabad, at twenty five minutes past four in the evening with Mr. Chairman (Mr. Farooq Hamid Naek) in the Chair. ---------------- Recitation from the Holy Quran „ fl‚ Í „ fl‚ fl ‚Í ‡ „ ‡ fl o3· · ∑ï…â∞3· ∑¥·· ¼¾“ `c;øú3· „ fl‚ Í Ó fl‚ ‚Í „ s· · ∑µs· ¼¾“· ≥Ö· · ‡ ‡ Ó fl ‚Í Ó Ó Í ÓÓ‡ ‡ fl‚ › fl fl fl Ó ‡ Ó ‡ Ó fl fl fl‚ fl ‡‚ Ó ‡ ‡ Ó Ó ‡ Ó ‡ Ó fl fl ‡ ÓÓfl Ó ‡ ‚ Ó Ó ‡ ‡ Ó fl fl fl Ó fl K3· M > ¼¾“3·· zπú· · ∑¥ L|ºÁ · 3ø∞ø©» ≈πÖs 89dçg· K3· M 3 Oz…â¥fi 7Mfi ~c /0· 1π¨ ø∞ M 5øµ∞3 ≥≠¨<z»· 3ø∏+,g `¥ ∑» 3 Ò fl ‹ Ó fl flÓÓÓÓ‡ flÓ fl fl Ó ‡ fl fl fl fl Ó fl ‡ þfl fl ‚Í ÓÓÓÓ‚ ›‚ ‡ Ó ‡ fl Í ‡ ‡ fl‚› fl ‚ fl Ó ‡ Ó ‡ `¥ `l »zs···· KøΩ©•» KM:`G» Œ Jø©∞3 -— Xº· I`OP· 3 ¼¾“3··· zπú·· ∑¥ ØR Ø® 3 Hzπú ∑¥ L|ºÁ · 3ø∞ø©»
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Future Political Leadership Top Performance of Parliament
    5 6 4 7 3 5 2 4 1 8 0 3 2 1 10 9 Mapping Future Political Leadership of Pakistan Scorecards on Honourable Senators' Performance 2015-2016 5 6 4 7 3 5 2 4 1 8 0 3 2 1 10 9 Mapping Future Political Leadership of Pakistan Scorecards on Honourable Senators' Performance 2015-2016 PILDAT is an independent, non-partisan and not-for-profit indigenous research and training institution with the mission to strengthen democracy and democratic institutions in Pakistan. PILDAT is a registered non-profit entity under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860, Pakistan. Copyright ©Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development And Transparency PILDAT All Rights Reserved Printed in Pakistan Published: June 2016 ISBN: 978-969-558-645-7 Any part of this publication can be used or cited with a clear reference to PILDAT. Supported by Islamabad Office: P. O. Box 278, F-8, Postal Code: 44220, Islamabad, Pakistan Lahore Office: P. O. Box 11098, L.C.C.H.S, Postal Code: 54792, Lahore, Pakistan E-mail: [email protected] | Website: www.pildat.org PILDAT SCORECARDS ON HONOURABLE SENATORS' PERFORMANCE, 2015-2016 CONTENTS Preface Executive Summary Rationale 15 Methodology of Assessment 16 Framework of Assessment of the Performance of a Senator of Pakistan 18 Chairman and Deputy Chairman 19 Top 5 Ranks 23 1. Senator Col. (r) Syed Tahir Hussain Mashhadi (Sindh, MQM) 25 2. Senator Muhammad Usman Khan Kakar (Balochistan, PMAP) 26 3. Senator Saeed Ghani (Sindh, PPP-P) 27 4. Senator Mushahid Hussain Sayed (Federal Capital, PML) 28 5. Senator Muhammad Talha Mehmood (KP, JUI-F) 29 6.
    [Show full text]
  • “Reconciliation” in Pakistan, 2006-2017: a Critical Reappraisal
    Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan Volume No. 54, Issue No. 2 (July - December 2017) Muhammad Iqbal Chawla ERA OF “RECONCILIATION” IN PAKISTAN, 2006-2017: A CRITICAL REAPPRAISAL Abstract This paper deals with an era of unusual political development which can be described as the „era of reconciliation‟ from 2006 to 2017. This era was unique in Pakistan‟s history because it brought closer all political parties for restoration, protection, and continuation of democracy in Pakistan. However, after a decade this period, sometimes also can be characterized as the era of the Charter of Democracy (COD,) seems to be losing its relevance because of surfacing of anti- democratic forces. Therefore this paper traces the causes, events and the deep impact of the policy of „reconciliation‟ and also touches upon why and how it seems to be coming to an end. As a national leader Benazir Bhutto had political acumen and she propounded the “Philosophy of Reconciliation” after having gone through some bitter political experiences as a Prime Minister and leader of the Opposition. Both Benazir and Mian Nawaz Sharif learnt the lesson when they were sent into their respective exile by General Musharraf. Having learnt their lessons both of them decided upon strengthening the culture of democracy in Pakistan. Benazir not only originated the idea of Reconciliation but also tried to translate her ideas into actions by concluding the „Charter of Democracy‟ (“COD”) with other political parties especially with the Pakistan Muslim League (hereafter “PML (N)”), in 2006”. Introduction Asif Ali Zardari1 as PPP2‟s main leader tried to implement this philosophy after the sudden death of Benazir Buhtto and particularly during his term as President of Pakistan (2008-2013).
    [Show full text]
  • PM Endorses Nomination of Raza Rabbani for Election of Chairman Senate
    PM endorses nomination of Raza Rabbani for election of Chairman Senate Written by Shoaib-ur-Rehman Siddiqui Tuesday, 10 March 2015 17:00 ISLAMABAD: Prime Minister Muhammad Nawaz Sharif on Tuesday endorsed the nomination of Senator Raza Rabbani as candidate for the election of Chairman Senate and announced that the PML-N will not field any candidate for the posts of Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Upper House. Chairing a meeting of political leadership which he had invited at luncheon at the PM House to evolve consensus on the new Chairman and Deputy Chairman of Senate, the Prime Minister said decisions by consensus was a positive move and needed to be continued. He said the PML-N had tried to take decision on all major national issues with consensus since it came into power. The Prime Minister urged all political parties to forge consensus on all issues and chart a national course of action on major challenges confronting the country. Prime Minister Sharif recalled his telephonic conversation with former President Asif Ali Zardari who had chaired a meeting of his party to discuss the matter. He said it would have been better had the former President also joined here and announced his party's decision at the meeting. "It would have been good if he invited us yesterday or had accepted our invitation to be here," the Prime Minister said. He said consensus had been reached to field Senator Raza Rabbani. The Prime Minister said Rabbani was acceptable to all as he was a good parliamentarian and said he had no objection to his nomination by the Pakistan Peoples Party.
    [Show full text]
  • 1St CABINET UNDER the PREMIERSHIP of SYED YOUSAF RAZA GILLANI, the PRIME MINISTER from 25.03.2008 to 11.02.2011
    1st CABINET UNDER THE PREMIERSHIP OF SYED YOUSAF RAZA GILLANI, THE PRIME MINISTER FROM 25.03.2008 to 11.02.2011 S.NO. NAME WITH TENURE PORTFOLIO PERIOD OF PORTFOLIO 1 2 3 4 SYED YOUSAF RAZA GILLANI, PRIME MINSITER, 25.03.2008 to 11.02.2011 FEDERAL MINISTERS 1. Chaudhry Nisar Ali Khan i) Communication and 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 Senior Minister ii) Inter Provincial Coordination 08.04.2008 to 13.05.2008 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 iii) Food Agriculture & Livestock (Addl. Charge) 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 2. Makhdoom Amin Fahim Commerce 04.11.2008 to 11.02.2011 03.11.2008 to 11.02.2011 3. Mr. Shahid Khaqan Abbassi, Commerce 31.03.2008 to 12.05.2008 31.03.2008 to 12.05.2008 4. Dr. Arbab Alamgir Khan Communications 04.11.2008 to 11.02.2011 03.11.2008 to 11.02.2011 5. Khawaja Saad Rafique i) Culture 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 ii) Youth Affairs (Addl. Charge) 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 6. Chaudhry Ahmed Mukhtar i) Defence 31.03.2008 to 11.02.2011 31.03.2008 to 11.02.2011 ii) Textile Industry 15.04.2008 to 03.11.2008 iii) Commerce 15.04.2008 to 03.11.2008 7. Rana Tanveer Hussain Defence Production 31.03.2008 to 13.05.2008 31.03.2008 to 13.5.2008 8. Mr. Abdul Qayyum Khan Jatoi Defence Production 04.11.2008 to 03.10.2010 03.11.2008 to 03.10.2010 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Asia Briefing, Nr. 74: After Bhutto's Murder
    Policy Briefing Asia Briefing N°74 Islamabad/Brussels, 2 January 2008 After Bhutto’s Murder: A Way Forward for Pakistan I. OVERVIEW Musharraf gave up his position of Army Chief on 28 November under U.S. pressure, but the legitimacy of his presidential election remains contested. He Gravely damaged by eight years of military rule, withdrew martial law formally on 15 December, Pakistan’s fragile political system received a major ending the emergency and reviving the constitution. blow on 27 December 2007, when former Prime At the same time, however, he not only did not restore Minister Benazir Bhutto was assassinated. Her the dismissed judges or void the repressive decrees he murder, days before the parliamentary elections had issued but also unilaterally and without any legal scheduled for 8 January 2008 and now postponed to basis proclaimed amendments to the constitution 18 February, put an end to a U.S. effort to broker a purporting to deny the courts and the parliament their power-sharing deal with President Pervez Musharraf constitutional prerogatives to challenge his changes. which the centre-left Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) leader had already recognised was unrealistic. Her Bhutto’s PPP and the centre-right Muslim League popularity and the belief Musharraf and his allies (Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz, PML-N) of former were responsible, directly or indirectly, have led to Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif had reluctantly agreed violent countrywide protests. to participate in the 8 January elections, motivated primarily by the desire to expose Musharraf’s Stability in Pakistan and its contribution to wider anti- intention to rig the vote.
    [Show full text]
  • China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
    U A Z T m B PEACEWA RKS u E JI Bulunkouxiang Dushanbe[ K [ D K IS ar IS TA TURKMENISTAN ya T N A N Tashkurgan CHINA Khunjerab - - ( ) Ind Gilgit us Sazin R. Raikot aikot l Kabul 1 tro Mansehra 972 Line of Con Herat PeshawarPeshawar Haripur Havelian ( ) Burhan IslamabadIslamabad Rawalpindi AFGHANISTAN ( Gujrat ) Dera Ismail Khan Lahore Kandahar Faisalabad Zhob Qila Saifullah Quetta Multan Dera Ghazi INDIA Khan PAKISTAN . Bahawalpur New Delhi s R du Dera In Surab Allahyar Basima Shahadadkot Shikarpur Existing highway IRAN Nag Rango Khuzdar THESukkur CHINA-PAKISTANOngoing highway project Priority highway project Panjgur ECONOMIC CORRIDORShort-term project Medium and long-term project BARRIERS ANDOther highway IMPACT Hyderabad Gwadar Sonmiani International boundary Bay . R Karachi s Provincial boundary u d n Arif Rafiq I e nal status of Jammu and Kashmir has not been agreed upon Arabian by India and Pakistan. Boundaries Sea and names shown on this map do 0 150 Miles not imply ocial endorsement or 0 200 Kilometers acceptance on the part of the United States Institute of Peace. , ABOUT THE REPORT This report clarifies what the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor actually is, identifies potential barriers to its implementation, and assesses its likely economic, socio- political, and strategic implications. Based on interviews with federal and provincial government officials in Pakistan, subject-matter experts, a diverse spectrum of civil society activists, politicians, and business community leaders, the report is supported by the Asia Center at the United States Institute of Peace (USIP). ABOUT THE AUTHOR Arif Rafiq is president of Vizier Consulting, LLC, a political risk analysis company specializing in the Middle East and South Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan
    The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan By Muhammad Asif Iqbal* Presented at the International Conference of the International Society for Third-Sector Research, Bangkok, July 9-12, 2006 * The author is Principal Economist at the Social Policy and Development Centre, Karachi Address: 15, Maqbool CHS, Block 7&8, Karachi, PAKISTAN Email: [email protected] 1 The Ideological Divide of the Nonprofit Sector in Pakistan The nonprofit sector in Pakistan currently faces a number of issues among which ideological divide is identified as the most significant internal difference (Pasha and Iqbal 2002). There exists a strong polarization between religious and modern ‘secular’ organizations. During the 1980’s the tension between religious and secular NPOs (Nonprofit Organizations) increased significantly and it continues to grow till today. The conflict is more visible in advocacy of human rights, particularly women’s issues. There have been controversies in the field of service provision too, for example, in providing education to girls in a co-educational system and in pursuing family planning programs. On occasions, this tension has culminated in ideological/ political attacks on the nonprofit organizations that are working for advocacy of social and political rights. This ideological divide stems from different worldviews that leaders of religious and secular NPOs possess. Issues relating to women’s rights are at core of this contention. Pakistan has a complex socio-cultural setup where traditional values are mixed with religious beliefs. The religious elite, tribal mentality and local customs limit opportunities for women in the society. Thus, modern concepts of women’s rights _ including freedom of expression, freedom of movement, and economic emancipation _ are at odds with those interpretations of Islamic teachings about women’s rights that have been presented by conservative religious scholars in Pakistan.
    [Show full text]