The NATION AL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY

JANUARY, 1937 The American Horticultural Society

PRESENT ROLL OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS A pril 12, 1936

OFFICERS President. First Vice-President, Mr. B. Y. Morrison, Washington, D. C. Second Vice-P1'esident, Mrs. Fairfax Harrison, Belvoir, Fauquier Co., Va. Secretary, Mrs. Eugene Ferry Smith, Bethesda, Md. Treasurer, F . J. Hopkins, Washington, D. C. DIRECTORS Terms Expiring in 1937 Terms Expiring in 1938 Mrs. Mortimer Fox, Peekskill, N. Y. Mr. F. Lammot Belin, Washington, Mr. F. J. Hopkins, Washington, D. C. D.C. Armistead Peter, IV, Washington, Mrs. Floyd Harris, Aldie, Va. D. C. Mrs. J. Norman Henry, Gladwyne, Mrs. Charles Walcott, Washington, Pa. D.C. Mrs. Clement S. Houghton, Chestnut Mrs. Silas B. Waters, Cincinnati, Hill, Mass. Ohio. Mrs. Arthur Hoyt Scott, Media, Pa.

THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Published by and for the Society B. Y. MORRISON, Editor

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Mr. Alfred Bates Mr. Sherman D. Duffy Mr. Carl Purdy Dr. Clement G. Bowers Mrs. Mortimer J. Fox Mr. C. A. Reed Mrs. C. 1. DeBevoise Mrs. J. Norman Henry Mr. J. Marion Shull Dr. W. C. Deming Mrs. Francis King Mr. Arthur D. Slavin Miss Frances Edge McIlvaine

SOCIETIES AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 1937 Alexandria, Vkginia, Garden Qub, ~ethesda Community Garden Club, Mrs. Charles Holden, , Mrs. B. T . Elmore, Rosemont, 103 Locust St., Alexandr,ia, Va. ~ Bethesda, Md. American Amaryllis Society, cklifornia Garden Qub Federation, Wyndham Hayward, Secretary, Miss E. Marlow, Ub., Winter Park, Fla. ' 992 S. Oakland, Pasadena, Calif. American Begonia Society. C. M. Kelly. Secretary, Chestnut HilI Garden Qub. 5722 Lewis Ave., George Baldwin, Lib., Long Beach"C;4.it. Heath St., Chestnut Hill, Mass. American Fuchsia Society, Miss Alice Eastwood. Secretary, Chevy Chase (D. C.) Garden Qub. Cal'ifornia Academy of Sciences, Mrs. B. C. Kennedy. Golden Gate Park, 5605 Olevy Chase P'kway, San Francisco, Calif. Ohevy Chase, ' D. C.

Publication Office, 32nd St. snd Elm Ave., Bsltimore, Md. Entered S8 second·clsss matter January 27, 1932, at the Post Office at Baltimore, Md., under the Act of Augu-st 24, 1912. Q,evy Chase (Md.) Garden Club, Rock Garden Society of Ohi o, Mrs. Richard F. Jackison, Pres., Mrs. F rank Garry, 3 Oxford St., 5800 Wyatt A-ve., Chevy O,ase, Md. Kennedy Heights, Cincinnati, Ohio. CleveJ.and Garden Center, St. George's Garden Club, East Boulevard at Euclid Ave., Baltimore, Md. Cleveland, Ohi-o. Takoma Horticultural Club, Dayton Ga-rden Center, Takoma Park, D. C. Dayton Art Institute, % The Columbus Garden Center, Dayton, Oih:io. The Columbus Gall ery of Fine Art s, Fauquier and Loudoun Garden Club, 480 E. Broad St., Mrs. John T. Cochran, Columbus, Ohio. The Plains, Va. The Federated Garden Cl ub of Cincinnati and Vicinity, The Garden Club of Darien, Mrs. Bart H. Hawley, Darien Free Library, 242 Greendale A venue, Darien, Conn. Cincinnati, Ohio. Garden Center Institute of Buffalo, The Lima Garden Club, Sta. H. Box B. 402 S. Woodlawn Avenue, Buffalo, New York. Lima, Ohio. Garden Club of Kentucky, The Little Gate Garden Club, Mrs. T. F. Roemele. Greensboro Public Library, 32 14 Wren Road, Greensboro, N. C. Louisville, Ky. The Little Garden Club of Sandy Spring, Mrs. Wm. Hough, Garden Club of Ohio. Sandy Spring, Md. Mrs. Frank B. S t earns, 15830 S. Park Blvd., The Rose Tree Gardeners, Cleveland, Ohio. Mrs. Samuel Howe, Clemmonton P .O., Georgetown Garden Club, Pine Valley, N . J. Mrs. S. P. Thompson, Thursdav Garden Club, 3247 R St., N. W ., jVIiss Lucie Lucas, Sec'y, Washington, D. C. 333 E . Main St., Spartanburg, S. C. Glendale Garden Crafters, Mrs. Ford Monroe, The San Francisco Garden Cl ub, Glendale, Ohio. Room 133, Fairmont H otel, San Francisco, Calif. Lake Washington Garden Club, Town and Country Garden Club, Mrs. J . M. Blackford, M rs. Silas B. Waters, 3048 E. Laurelhurst, 2005 Edgecliff Point, Seattle, , V ash. Cincinnati, Ohio. Magnolia Circle, Tow n and Country Garden Club of 950 Bay St., N. E .. Cleveland, St. P etersburg, Fla. Mrs. W. H. Wood, Anderson and Green Road, Newtonville Garden Club, S. Euclid, Cleveland, Ohio. 70 Washington Park, Newtonvill e, Mass. Trowel Club, Mrs. Theodore Joslin, Pres., Jo rth Carolina Garden Clu b, 4934 Indian Lane, Miss C. S. Black, Washington, D. C. Wake F or est, N. C. 'Washington Garden Club, Mrs. F rederi ck H. T aylor, Northern N ut Growers Association, 817 Prince St. , Dr. G. A. Zimmerman, President, Alexandria, Va. 32 S. 13th St., Woodridge Garden Club, Harrisb urg, Pa. Woodridge Branch Library, Ohio Association of Garden Clubs, Washington, D. C. Mrs. S il as B. , Vaters, , V orcester Coun ty Horticultural Society, 2005 Edgecliff Point, 30 Elm Street, Cincinna ti, Ohio. Worcester, Mass. ! i) The National Horticultural Magazine

Vol. 16 Oopyright, 1937, by THE A>fElIHCAN HORII'I C'UJA'UR.AL SO OIET'Y No. 1

JANUARY, 1937

CONTEN TS

Thirty More Climbers fo r Cali fornia. KATHERINE D. JONES ______

V erOI1 icas . AG NES C. D ARRO 'vV _. __ _. ______. ______. 59

Amorphophallus Rivieri, \ i\T YNDHA ~I HA YW ARD ______64

P lant Hunting in O ld Mexico, III. ERIC VVALTHER.. ______. 68

A Book or Two ______.. ______77

The Gardener's Pocketbook:

Rosa da1'l1ascella , HELEN Fox ______80

Ikt· v erticillata 82

LV eri11.C ~l11du, lata 82

84

C3' ti sus Stt pi11 t f s ______.______. ______.. _____ . ______. ___ .______84

The Ga r de 11 D i cti onary ______. ______. ______. . __.. 86

Publi sh ed quarterly by The American Horticultura.l Society. Publica tion office, 32ncl St. and Elm Ave., Baltimore, Md . E d itorial office, Room 821. Washington Loan and Trust Building, Wash­ mgton, D. O. Oontributions from aU m embers are cordiallY invited and ' should be sent to th e Editorial office. A subscription to the magazine i ~ in cluded in the annual du es to all membet·s; to non-m embers the pri ce is seventy-five cents the copy, three dollars a yent'. [iiJ The National Horticllitural Magazine

Volume Sixteen

Washington, D. C. 1937 Copyright American Horticultural Society. 1937 Lilian A. (;1lernsey [See page 82 ]

N e1'ine u.ndu.lata Thirty More Climbers for California

KATHERINE D. J ONES

IN the January, 1936, issue, we pre­ begonia fa me. T hese, too, called fo r sented a series of vines t hat are useful the use of vines. in Cali fo rnia, and in this issue a second A t the time of the Exposition in seri es. Even these two do not exhaust 1915-1 916, a great impetus to the work the possibilities. I n that articl e it was of planting came about not only from suggested that Santa Barbara and San the Exposition plantings but from the Diego were the two great centers for development of new homes and apart­ the growing of vines, particularly those ments, each with their own planting that approach the limits of hardiness. problems. In the discussion that followed, t he use The most interesting developments of vi nes in and about Santa Barbara came on the .b uildi ng si·tes in the vari­ was taken as a basis fo r the descri ptions ous canyons where vi nes co ntribute with comparati ve notes from other parts greatly to beautiful walls and pergolas of the State. that so often form features of these de­ In this issue we shall similarly use velopments, often with vines used fo r San Diego as our base and discuss vari­ ground covers as well as to trail over ous additional species. once more wi,th walls or to clamber up them and over comparative reports frolJ.1 other parts trell is and pergola. Such necessities of the State, outlining the changes in have brought about a keener interest in vine planting during the last twenty variety of planting vin es than CD uld years, and offeri ng some brief comment {Come elsewhere. on the development of a local style. T here has also come about a wider Located at the southern extremi ty of knowledge of the treatme'nt of the vines our coastline with a moderate tempera­ themselves whi ch are not left t o climb at ture range and deli ghtful sunshine, the will but are pruned and kept within local architecture early developed a pre­ bounds but natural and architectural. ponderance of low white houses with This fits in well with the greater variety flat roofs and meager planting, the lat­ of vin es chosen which now show a far t er usually the result of the shallow soil greater range of color in their fl owering in many parts of the town. Vines such than once and a more studied relation­ as t he Austra lian Pea V ine (Dolichos ship to the color of the houses that are lignosus), German Ivy (Senecio mika.­ no longer limited either in color or noides) , and the aggressive I P0111 10 ea, style to the earlier white. tttberculata were coml1l on. Lat er M iss Sessions devised the scheme of build­ Bauhinias, Mountain Ebony; O rchid ing up the soil depths artificially so Flower that other climbers and shrubs and The species that have already been herbs could be adde d to the pla nting. introduced into California are very As an aid to the growi ng of more ornamenrtal and the supply seems al­ herbaceous plants lath houses were in­ most unlimited, since Index K ewen­ troduced chi efl y by M r. Robinso n of SIS gl\les at least 275 species from Jan., 1937 2 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE which we may hope eventually to se­ Bauhinia Galpinii Leguminosae lect a O"oodly number that will thrive Pride of de Kaap not only in Southern California but Tropical and South Africa also in the Bay region and possibly This plant was first reported as hav­ in the Great Valley, since some of ing been discovered in 1880 by M:. them are from China. Most of them, W. Nelson at Dorn, under the TropiC however, are from the tropics of the of Capricorn. It was later found in southern hemisphere, South Africa, the Transvaal region, both at Baber­ Brazil, East Indies and China. ton and in the Kaap Valley, where Bauhinias may generally be recog­ it is very abundant and colorful as nized by their characteristic leaves it climbs over low shrubbery in that which are usually simple and look as locality. It is also seen in Natal, but if the sides have been folded together as a cultivated plant, where, accord­ and a notch made both at base and ing to Pole Evans in his "Plants of apex, the shape of .the leaf depending South Africa," it "grows very lank more or less upon the size of the if left unchecked, and is kept down cuts. All leaves show a prolongation as a trimmed shrub in the lawn." of a petiole between the two leaf­ It is also often used as a shrub in lobes. California, but Mr. Orpet thinks it Bauhinias have been cultivated as had best 'be treated as a climber for ornamentals in many countries and warmth against a wall. It is mostly the Bureau of Plant Industry has evergreen here, but in some seasons often received seeds of various spe­ may be semi-deciduous when it drops cies not direc.tly from its native coun­ its old leaves as the new ones ap­ try but from another country that is pear. It then looks shabby for a cultivating it. This fact should pre­ short time. It flowered in Kew in vent our calling a Bauhinia a failure 1895, an illustration in Botanic Maga­ on first trial, as an introduction of zine showing it as having a rather seed from a country of more nearly pi11k color, probably due to its hav­ equal cultural conditions as ours ing been grown in the greenhouse. might be a success, whereas seed It becomes a favorite at once but the from its native country might be a color of the flowers have been va­ fai lure due to various causes. riously described as red, orange-red Bauhinias are either trees or scan­ and an orchid tint, since it is an elu­ dent shrubs of the tropical or sub­ sive shade of red and shows up quite tropical regions and seem to do well brilliantly in the full sunshine. in Santa Barbara and San Diego, and The leaves are heart-shaped at base are also cultivated as far north as and widely notched at apex, wider Golden Gate Park, which lists four than long and have prominent veins; species, namely: Bauhinia cand'icans a lighter green below, a dull green from Uruguay and Argentina, with above and from two to three inches creamy white fls., P.E.I. No. 94766; Bauhinia Galpinii from South Africa; long. Bauhinia pU1'purea, East Indies, in­ The flowers are hard to describe troduced into England in 1778. Bau­ since they are more like those of a hinia corymbosa is sold by Mr. Hugh glorified nashturtium than they are Evans; the white-flowered Bauhinia like a legume. A glance at a full­ heterophylla, from Cuba, is growing bloom flower would show five petals, in Franceschi Park, Santa Barbara. somewhat unequal in size, three larg- Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 3 er than the others and all with long Galpin'lii, the old plant at A rthur claws that serve to give the flower Letts', was about twenty fe et high and a light and airy grace. There is the fifteen feet across, and a very rapid central tuft of stamens with showy grower after the second year. Propa­ anthers. A close examination will gated by seed, occasionally by layers. show how the long tube of the calyx Will 110t come from cuttings. Does not encloses that of the corolla although require much pruning. No diseases this may turn back like a single that I know of, or pests. Has stood sepal, as the flower ages. without injury in Arizona ten degrees This charming plant has been in of frost. Likes a very warm, sunny California at least twenty years, as it situation. Source of seed supply very was seen at Arthur Letts, in Holly­ limited in India and South Africa, wood, in 1916, where it was on the hence its high cost." Mr. Orpet prop­ side of a barn up to twenty feet. Ac­ agates it from seed, which he says cording to the gardener, it bloomed is like baby limas. each year for about six months, from Its blooming period seems to vary July to December. It was still in in the different cities, as reported. full bloom when the barn was sold Fall and winter (Miss Hoak); from and the Pride of de Kaap pulled June to September (Mr. L. de For­ down. One wonders why such a est) ; in bloom for many weeks (Or­ glorious scandent shrub had not spread pet); it bloomed for six months at more largely through the state. Pos­ Mr. Letts' place. It was full of sibly because it was not on sale at bloom in December when we pulled it the time and the World War cut off off from the barn (Mr. Ross) . "But all further supply. Now that nursery­ if you want a real thrill, walk up men are having it on the market into Upper Hillside Park until you again, we hope to see it more gener­ find the orange-flame Ba~&hinria Gal­ ally grown about the state, and we can pinii. The flowers are beyond our then learn more about its cultural re­ power of description in form and quirements. It likes the sun in Santa shape; perhaps like some vivid or­ Barbara at Mr. Orpet's, where it is chid, and the tree is covered with growing on both a north and a west them," (Lockwood de Forest, in Sa1~ta exposure of a small building. The Barbara Gardener, Sept., 1931 , issue.) roots were on the west exposure and got the full heat of the sun. It blooms Billa1'diera lo ngifiora Pittosporaceae several times a year on new wood. Apple Berry Tasmania; Australia It also blooms while quite young. Mr. This slender, twining little climber J 01111 Manning states that it wants from Tasmania and Australia excites partial shade in Pasadena and makes no particular interest when first seen, a moderate growth. Blooms from as its leaves are small like those of late June through November. Lovely S ollya hete1'ophylla, though better in in September and October. Mr. Ross, texture, and its pendulous flowers are of Rust's Nursery, says, "It is slow of an inconspicuous greenish-yellow until it gets well started and it takes that is quite disappointing; but when three years to get a sood start. It you see the mature fruit 'Of the most makes long shoots that harden up in perfect azure-blue imaginable, you at about three years." once begin to sense that we have Mr. Hugh Evans, of Santa Monica, something outstanding and precious reports as follows: "One Bau,hinia beyond words. We begin to plan for a 4 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 suitable place in the garden for it to be taken indoors when the fruits where it may be seen while at its are colored. It is readily increased, best but may be sunken into the back­ either by cuttings or layers, or by ground for the rest of the year where seeds sown as soon as the berries it will not be noticed and will not shrivel on the stems. Billardiera cy- call forth disparaging remarks from 11wsa from Australia is also in culti­ those who have heard glowing ac­ vation in England. A. T. J ohnson, counts of its beauty and expect it to in his book "My Garden," also men­ be on parade every day in the year, tions the white form mingled with our as certain of our cultivated plants Appk Berry, and that it has stood undoubtedly are. There is a portion twenty degrees of frost in his garden of the year, however, when Apple in Wales. Berry is very retiring and no amount We may get some hints as to the of praise at that time will enable culture of Apple Berry from these you to foresee its future loveliness. English plant lovers, but our methods N ow, after this glowing tribute to are a little different in some respects. its beauty, are you going to be dis­ F or example, our specimen was pho­ appointed? It is the color of the ber­ tographed in August from a plant in ries that appeals and in Tasmania Golden Gate Park but specimens there are many different color forms could have been gathered in June or growing throughout the varied hills July at Victor Reiter's, where they and valleys. The white form has also had been grown from seed, planted attracted a great deal of attention, on the north side of the lath house especially when mingled with the and were not only a glorious color but azure-blue one now cultivated in Cali­ some had already faded, showing that fornia. our specimens matured much earlier It was introduced into England than in England. Our plant was in 1910 and according to Mr. Ernest grown from seed, germinated in three Markham, " It is given the choicest or four months, and is between three positions on sheltered walls where and fo ur years old and 9,% feet tall. the slender shoots will twine among It twists round and round the laths anything which offers support. The and the berries are beautiful for about fl owers appear in July and lend a very six weeks. On the sunny side of the graceful, though not conspicuous, as­ laths the fruits are more highly col­ pect to the plant. They are succeed­ ored than those in the partial shade. ed i:1 October and November by the In Berkeley, one of the fruits was 111 0st astoni shing oblong, violet-purple taken home after the plant had been friuts unlike anything else known to photographed, planted in a pot in the me. These exquisitely colored fruits sunroom in partial shade about Au­ are borne in such numbers as to ren­ gust 10th. Germination came the der the plants both attractive and next spring and three or fo ur seed­ conspicuous." (From Royal Hort. So­ lings were obtain ed. When these were ciety of England.) fo ur or five inches high they were The late W. Robinson in "The Eng­ set out, pot and all, in the open li sh Flower Garden" menti ons the ground in a corner of the garden Tasmanian Apple Berry as a charm­ under a banana tree but in partial ing shrub for low walls, or it may be shade. Here they gre wbut did not grown in pots plunged outside and bloom until the third year, when one trained on old bamboo stems., so as fruit was found. The fourth year Jan .. 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE it bore both fl owers and fruit rather 3,000 feet in Tasmania should be more freely and the fruit was true to color hardy. -an azure-blue. It has twined itself Here (Tasmania) they are "found about the trunk of the banana and in abundance throughout the island," seems to be happy, as it has not been says J. D. Hooker. troubled by pests of any kind. No In New South \¥ ales it is found fertilizers have been given it so far. near the bays. \¥hen asked if it had any faults, the " In Victoria it grows along shady reply was, "No, except the branches rivulets and in damp mountain for­ are brittle and break off easily." ests, ascending to sub-alpine eleva­ In Santa Barbara the report is not tions," says F. Mueller. so good. There is alkali in the water BOll'larcQ Caldasii Amaryllidaceae and Mr. Orpet's plants died before South America they flowered, while the plant he sold to a lady in Berkeley is alive and A subtropical plant that is bloom­ berries every year, but they are not ing superbly in the San Francisco Bay the beautiful azue-blue that she ex­ region, both in sandy and adobe soil. pected.-only a dull red. However, It likes warmth better but will thrive the "cunning" little leaves are inter­ and bloo111 month after month in the esting against the gate post. which it cool winds of San Francisco. Its color covers daintily. scheme is the cheerful Mexican one of red and yellow and it hangs in large From Santa Monica, Mr. H ugh clusters in front of dark but scant Evans reports as fo llows: "Ours has leaves that do not conceal but merely blue berries. I have not fo und it very enhance the beauty of the fl owers. fast-growing. It seems more or less It is not a quiet beauty but one that indifferent to soi l. In Southern Cali­ resembles a colorful woman whose fornia, it needs a sheltered, cool sit­ magnetism is instanly felt the mo­ uation. An admirable thing for a ment she enters a room. The gar­ shady trellis." dens about San Francisco should This low, twining climber is not for never be dull where this glorious every garden and it needs careful plant thrives. A well-grown speci­ thought in its placement in a special men could be the feature at the end garden. If it is used on a treillage, of a walk where it would create in­ it can be used as a background to terest not only from its bright flow­ tall pot plants set in front of it when ers but also from its seed pods, which it is out of fruit. Pots of Ca11'/,panula hang in large clusters and have a P3wa?nidalis would be quite suitable dominant period of their own. in fall and winter up to January. Or The flowers are 1 Yi. inches long pots of fuchsias, tall begonias in San with a petiole of same length. In this Diego or many of our flowering shrubs species the sepals are not as long as of late fa ll and winter in other parts the petals, being 1 Ys inches long, scar­ of Southern California. let in color and with a pale green spot It probably will need very little near the tip. The bell-like petals are pruning, as it is rather slow growing; three in number and are partially seems to have no enemies as yet; scarlet on the outside part that is not no fault unless you can call its dull covered by the sepals , and yellow on flowers a fault. It is tender in some the edges, the inside of the petals sections of the state, though seed frOIll being yellow-dotted with dull red. 6 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

The flowers are in umbels on th~ ends cially high enough to look into its of the branches and they may be from bells. 5 to 36 in number, which gives an This· specimen has been in the state adequate color note to the whole many years at the home of the late plant, as there are many stems. By Senator Bard, where Mr. Eric Wal­ giving the plant proper care, flowers ther found it growing over an arch a may be obtained more or less continu­ few years ago and from there intro­ ously for eight or nine months in the duced it into Golden Gate Park, from year. which place it was introduced into B0111area Caldasii was especially many gardens in the San Francisco good in the New Shrub Garden, Gol­ Bay region. vVe would enjoy seeing den Gate Park, San Francisco, in more such introductions. May, 1935. The flowers were in large This plant is easily propagated by bunches, quite heavy and the branches seed or by division of the roots or hung down gracefully under their more properly suckers, for they tend weight. They are well shown off by to spread at the -roots though not the ample dark leaves behind them. A to be considered a menace in any part of the vine is dead due to the way. severe winter-that is, hot and cold Mr. Hugh Evans reports as follows : days and fog- but the rest of the "Have grown this Bomarea 15 feet plant is doing especially well this high. The old plant at the Bard year. The new flowers are fresh and P lace in Huenema is probably 15 bright red outside and spotted yellow feet across. It can be supported on inside. It looks especially well over strings or trellises, as it must have an arch or climbing high so that we support. Slugs and snails will de­ can look into the hanging flower clus­ stroy the young growth. Propagated ters. by seeds or roots. Seems more or The leaves are alternate, a little less indifferent to soil except that over an inch apart and with a flat they are better in deep soil. We twisted petiole that turns the leaf have distributed a great many of down back of the flowers and gives them. I think the roots like to be in them a good background. The flowers a cool place with the flower heads grow on the new wood. As long as coming out in the sun. It is partiCll­ the fresh wood is kept growing, we larly good twining in and out of a may expect new flowers to appear, shrub. Blooms with us eight months therefore, until cold weather cuts them out of the twelve. If they are frozen off. to the ground they will come up again It is interesting to see how the and bloom on the new shoots." new leaves wrap about the flower buds N icholson's Dictionary states that and protect them from both heat and B omarea C aldasia lIa was introduced cold. The tip of each leaf shows a into England in 1863 from the Peru­ little kink quite plainly where this vian Andes and eleven other species wrapping has been done. have also been tried out successfully, This vine climbs by twisting and B011wrea ed1. ~lis having tubers which becomes somewhat distorted if allowed are eaten like those of the Jerusalem to twist about itself. It will there­ Artichoke. There may be as many fore pay you to train it carefully as 40 or 50 species in South America where you want it to go, and espe- and we are all looking eagerly for the Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 7 new ones we hope are among the col­ They may even be used as ground lections made in Chile and Peru by covers in case of Cissus hyp10glauca Mrs. Mexia and Mr. West, from the and Cissus rhombifolia. plateaus of Brazil and Argentina. Mr. Of the CisS1l£s mentioned in this ar­ E. P. Killip collected Bomareas in ticle, all are noted for their quick Colombia and Peru, and on working growth in the warmer sections of the them up in the herbarium, found much state, though they are not at all fast confusion in the names of the differ­ growing in the San Francisco Bay re­ ent species. He is therefore pre­ gion. Although they have a reputa­ paring a monograph of this genus tion for being tender, they may all be and has already descr.ibed some of grown in Berkeley if given a proper the new ones in the Journal of Wash­ start and protection for a few weeks ington Academy of Science 25 :370- during our coldest weather. 377, 1935, and illustrated them in the They all climb by forked tendrils NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGA­ and have a more or less shining leaf ZINE in April, 1936, which you should surface, and are considered choice, read preparatory to the new species though perhaps not all are outstand­ we are hoping to receive through the ingly so. Ciss'us antarctica and Cis­ collectors of Professor T. H. Good­ sus capensis have simple leaves. Cissus speed, Botanic Department, Univer­ rhombifolia has three leaflets; Cissus sity of California, Berkeley. It will hypoglauca five or sometimes redl1ced take some months, however, to have to three; while Cissus st1'ia.ta has five this seed classified before it is sent out leaflets. Others have been tried out through the proper channels. We in the state but we have lost track of hope they will be as good as the B 0- them for the present. 111/,area Caldasii already in cultivation The fruit is attractive in all, and is in various sections of California, but either black or a blue-black. It may Mr. Killip also mentions those with vary in shape from globular to round, individually large flowers, instead of but this point does not seem to be of these with many-flowered heads like much importance to us as gardeners. the one in cultivation here. They were formerly classi,fied under Vitis but later study shows that they Cis sus in Geneml cannot be made to fit into such a Cissus are important members of scheme. However, in literature you the so-called foliage climbers in which will find it helpful to look under Vitis the beauty of the plant is not in the as well as Cissus for a specimen you inconspicuous greenish flowers but in are studying. the shape and texture of the leaves. The Cissus group is easily grown in They were formerly classed as Vitis practically any soil. They grow in but have since been classified into heavy soil at our Upper Ranch and Ampelopsis, Cissus, Parthenocissus, do just as well at the lower ranch in and some others, while the Vitis is light soil. However, if it is a hOot left by itself and includes only the true day, they burn more in light soil than grapes. in heavy soil. (J. A. Gooch.) Foliage climbers are especially use­ Cissus incisa (Marine Ivy) is or ful where cool green .is wanted either was in the state and has an interesting as backgrounds to show off brilliant leaf. flowers or to be a foil for colored tiles. Cissus discolor is in the state as a 8 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE JaLl., 1937 conservatory plant. It has a velvety leaves are from 3 to 4 inches long and green leaf with silvery white nlarkings 1 y,J: inches wide and are the same size above, and is red underneath. and shape as many exotics freely grown in California, such as the Por­ Cissus M/'tautica Vitaceae tugal Laurel. It should therefore not Kangaroo Vine be hard to find appropriate compan­ (Syn. Vilis bm~diniana) ions to group with this species. Australia (Queensland and At Huntington Library one speci­ New South Wales). men on a pergola was forty feet long This is a vigorous evergreen climber but had already been trained severely with simple leaves, of dense growth to prevent its overgrowing another and is well adapted for wide spaces climber. Here there was only one once it is well established. It then berry to a pl2.ce and the plant was so becomes high climbing and far reach­ vigorous that it sprouted wherever the ing in width. The leaves are simple, old stems touched the ground. with a shining, firm and almost leath­ At Santa Maria.. Inn they are used ery texture above and of a lighter on several exposures, both in morning color below, while the young leaves sun in the front of the building and in have brownish hairs or they may have the garden court in at least partial none. The leaves are alternate with shade. At this latter place it had a stout tendril opposite, while the grown so fast that it was cut down apex shows sharp teeth. the year before we saw it but it had On the lower side of the middle leaf already caught on one tree after an­ in illustration may be seen some cu-. other until it had mounted 4 or 5 rious glands in the axils of the leaves. trees, a distance of about sixty feet. They are quite characteristic of this In April of 1936, Mr. McCoy of Santa species, but their significance is not Maria Inn stated that he was not so known. fond of vines climbing trees, as he had This photograph was made from a just hired a man for two days to plant that had been sent by mail from prune off the vine from one tree! If Santa Maria Inn on February 19th, left to itself, the vine would have w.ith the buds about to open. By close taken the whole garden. inspection you can see that the two John Manning of Coolidge Rare sets of buds are opposite a leaf Plant Garden says it will grow anv­ in each case, while above on the where and it can be sheared on a wall. stem may be seen tendrils occupying It does not freeze with him, and has the same position with reference to the even been known to grow in San Jose leaves. The question arises as to at Mrs. Stockton's, but she lives in an whether some of the tendrils also have almost frostless section of town. flowers and fruit on their tips and In San Diego at the American Ex­ others do not, but functi011 merely as position it was not very successful on holdfasts. In A111pelopsis aconitifolia walls with a south exposure but it was the tendrils themselves undoubtedly surprising how well it looked on end in flowers followed later by small that hard adobe soil in the full sun. fruit and it is possible that in the At Berkeley it grew for years in Cissus a1'btarctica the lower tendrils one of our parks, though we would are abortive and are used to climb by hardly expect it to stand a really hard while the young foliage bear the flow­ freeze. ers and seeds or fruiting tend1'ils. The In Santa Barbara, thrips bothered Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI IE 9

w. C. Matthews Cis sus G.17tG1'ctica 10 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 it on the posts of a pergo~a near the its early introduction and to the fact ground but not overhead. In that city that it has become so common in the it should therefore be available for older section of town that they fail to ground covers if it can stand the al­ realize what a "precious" climber it is. kali in the irrigation water. Such a vine should not be a1lowed to dangle about in any fashion, for it is Cissus capensis Vitaceae too fast-growing and luxurious and its Evergreen Grape South Africa tendrils wi1l carry it far out of bounds This is a contribution to our gar­ if a1lowed to have their own way. But dens from South Africa. When intro­ if led and trained, there is almost no duced into Santa Barbara, it became limit to the use you can make of this greatly in demand but no one seemed climber. Even if you had no other to be able to propagate it. Dr. Fran­ evergreen vine, you could make Santa ceschi had had his vine for three years Barbara distinctive with the use of or more and tried again and again to this one climber alone if it is properly grow it from cuttings, but without re­ trained, trimmed and supported. In its sult. Other nurserymen tried likewise class as a foliage vine it made the but without success. Fiu.a1ly an Eng­ handsomest and most satisfactory lishman gave Dr. Franceschi a hint by cover to a pergola that I have ever saying that in his country they often seen. The corky stems had been coiled gave refractory cuttings a larger cal­ carefu1ly about the pergola posts and lus to make. Sure enough, he made the leaves trained above until they a cutting by this method and was able made a perfect bower, not too thick to put the Evergreen Grape on the and not too thin, and formed a wel­ market before any other purseryman come green shade and shelter from the had caught the trick. However, his hot sun. Some might object to the plants soon began to bear seed and stem being wound round and round were propagated more easily than the the pillar. Very we1l, it could be cuttings. So he began to grow it equa1ly effective by training it straight from seed entirely, as he found it up the side of a square post without came true to type. From Santa Bar­ trying to encircle it, as they did at EI bara it went into a1l parts of the state, Paseo, Santa Barbara, where it was though it is tender and occasiona1ly carefu1ly pruned so as not to hide too freezes in the Bay region. It wi1l grow much of the pi1lar. It was leafy to the in localities that do not go below 26 ground and above spread out over the or 24 degrees. It is slow in starting roof very gracefu1ly. One felt grate­ at first until its tubers are we1l estab­ ful for its suitability and beauty. Look li shed and then it is fast. Because of about town and you wi1l see other de­ these tubers it may live even if cut to lightful uses of this indispensable the ground but "severe pruning wi1l climber, such as being used instead of kill it" (Orpet). As it grows so rap­ an awning above a terrace. It is used idly it must be pruned to keep it in as a pot plant on either side of a door its a1lotted space. This pruning must to meet above and make an arch. It be done frequently but not severely. was used to hide the parts of a garage Some gardeners go over the vine every above the doors supported in place by month and cut off the long shoots. a simple trei1lage and not a1lowed to "It is the most prolific and best fo­ fa1l down in the way of the automo­ liage vine in Santa Barbara and the bile. It can be grown on a trei1lage most neglected." This may be due to as a division between two parts of a Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 11

garden and trimmed to make a Ciss$£s h'ypoglanca Vitaceae smooth, attractive wall. It can be used Australia (N. S. Wales, Victoria) on lath houses, arbors, on porches Another handsome foliage plant supported by chicken wire,-in fact, from Australia, this time from New where can it not be used? Miss Hoak South Wales and Victoria, where it says its best use is as a grape decora­ grows along forest streams and rivu­ tion about the eaves of a low house. lets-a hint to us of its requirements. Has it any faults? It catches the It is hardier than either Cissus ?-ho11'L­ balls if used on a tennis court. It bifolia or even Ci.ss1.fs capens-is, al­ grows too fast for busy people to be though it was frozen to the ground in able to keep it in control and thus Berkeley in our 1932-33 freeze and disappoints travellers to your fair city. came back again, since it has a tuber or underground thickened stem. DISTRIBUTION' The leaves are five to six inches In Santa Barbara, Evergreen Grape long, a shining green above, lighter is planted in a court on a hot wall beneath and composed of five leaflets, where it climbs for twenty feet, but the largest in the middle and all its Roots are planted on the north side toothed toward the apex-fit compan­ of the wall where they are kept cool­ ions in every way to accompany gay a hint for growing several other vines tiles in court or garden. that like their tops in the sun and The flowers are more conspicuous their feet in the shade. It is used as than in the other species, as they are a ground cover. It is carried up to a bright orange-yellow just before the third story on treillage. It is used they burst into bloom. The fruit is on a trellis twelve feet tall and is black and helps to make the whole en­ thinned out every year so as not to semble very decorative. It is bitter get heavy wood. It is used as pot in taste and not edible. plants on either side of a door and al­ Cis sus hypoglm£ca has been in the lowed to meet above. state at least twenty years and at last Ontario - Tender here, unless on is gaining the popularity it deserves the upper lands. and will have when it is better known. At Huntington Library, Pasadena, It .is rather fast-growing in South­ it was growing on the west and south­ ern California after it gets started; is west exposure. In this city the lead­ fairly hardy (15 degrees of frost, ing nurseries were not carrying it. Armstrong); will grow in sun or At San Diego .in the American Ex­ shade and any exposure (Miss Hoak). position they were planting a new It is rather informal in appearance form which went under the name of and will often give a naturalistic Cissus capensis Tho11f/,asi.ana. At Wan­ touch where a more stiff plant might genheim's it was on -tennis court and alter your garden scheme. It is espe­ on pergola. cially effective in making draperies In Berkeley it is grown by Mr. Mc­ about a wall or a pergola. At the Duffie on a north wall. Was killed to Huntington Hotel in Pasadena, it the ground by a hard frost but came formed the covering to an arbor and up again and grew nine feet in one draped so evenly about the structure season. It is the large tubers that al­ that there were no ugly outstanding low this plant to survive severe clumps to disfigure the design as it weather. fitted into the garden scheme. It was 12 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 outstanding for its suitableness for the "It needs no care, no fertilizers; purpose, as it was not too dense, it can be grown from seed; grows in sun harbored no pests, had no disease, no or shade; hardier than Cissus rhom­ dead flowers to be picked off, never bifolia; beautiful for pergolas; fruit gets bare below or "twiggy" (Par­ small and black ; makes a fast growth; nay), in fact is ideal for this and also flowers are beautiful in the bud, a for a pergola, as it climbs by tendrils bright orange-yellow before they open. sometimes as long as eight inches, Seed pods are not offensive. It is which reach out longer than the leaves the one Dr. David Fairchild likes so to find an object to climb upon. well." "It is beautiful for pergolas. It will tw.ine somewhat, but I think we Cissus ?'hombifolia Vitaceae should take the main stem straight up (Syn. Vitis 1'hombifolia) and let the hranches twine about the This attractive species is a native pillars" (Miss Sessions), July 9, 1916. of northern South America and At the Huntington Estate, Pasa­ therefore of .the tropics and does best dena, it was supported on a string at where there is heat" and moisture. It firs~, but was afterward stiff enough is much used in San Diego and Santa to support itself. It also clung to Barbara, where it is quite abundant, Bougainvilleas near at hand. but in the Los Angeles and San Fran­ It makes an excellent climber on cisco Bay regions, it must be well the side of a house where it adds protected from harsh winds and from grace and charm by fitting the house cold and extreme heat. into a naturalistic setting. It is said Its compound leaves of three leaf­ to be the best dimber to place next lets are rhomboidal in shape, a bright to a tall tree. As to pruning, Miss shining green when mature but the Sessions says, "Do not trim it very young leaves are bronzy and covered much. Take care of the new growth with soft hairs on both surfaces. Hair as you go along." is also on the rhachis and on the At Mrs. Lucia Fox Edwards' it was two-pronged tendrils. Every vein one year old, 13 to 15 f.eet tall, as it ends in a point, which adds interest had many stems trained flat-fanlike to the edges, while the leaves are against the house, but it will also alternate with a tendril opposite each. drape down gracefully when caught When young, these t endrils are long above. and reach out eagerly for any support Dr. Franceschi, on July 29, 1916, by which they may cling and climb stated: "I bought it from Miss Ses­ upward or the plant may fall grace­ sions, of San D-iego, two years ago. fully as drapery. It is rather easy Had it in a gallon can two years and in habit, covering a wall compactly then in the ground six months." It without much play of light and shade was ·eight feet wide and stood out or without ugly falling ropes of three to four feet thick, composed of foliage. It does not get bare at base many stems, ~ to 1 inch thick, but and therefore make good covering for has neither flowers nor fruit. Mr. fences, porch screens, house walls or J ames says it is hard to get started. sides of pergolas. It is also excellent To sum up Cissus hypoglauw, we as a tub plant in sunless courts, or will give you Miss Sessions' descrip­ as a ground cover and very effective tion in her characteristic style-all in on a pergola post since it retains its a nutshell: leaves. It could be trained easily Jan., 1937 T HE NATIONAL H ORTICULT URAL MAGAZINE 13 either in a broad band encircling a bottom and even spread on the ground slender pillar of marble or it can for a yard. It climbs up for nine feet completely hide a cheap cement pillar. and along the top of pergola for fifteen It is frequently used as a hanging feet, which makes it about twenty­ basket fo r large spaces or on trees fi ve feet tall. It is fast-growing here, out of doors since its quick growth as one of the new branches on the and long lines would cause it to out­ ground is seven feet long this season. grow its positi on in small rooms in It is vigorous, with the leaves nearly the house. But most of all we should a foot apart. It has coarse, strong prize it as a foliage vine, on fences tendrils. (Miss Sessions' home at Pa­ as backgrounds to fl owers, as a foi l fo r cific Beach. ) bright tiles, either in court or on Although it grew for years in trunks of trees where restfulness was Berkeley on the north side of a house the keynote to the planting rather than with wi de projecting eaves and shel­ gay color. ter from the Bay winds, it never In Los A ngeles it was charmingly thri ved very well and grew only about used over a covered garden seat that an inch every season. It was moved had a treillage back, overhead shelter to a new home into bright sunshine on and a brick and tile fl oo r for neatness a terrace with good drainage and the and comfo rt. T his climber went up shelter of a deciduous tree. It wel­ one side and covered the treillage comed the change and grew twice as daintily but suffic iently for comfort fast in the warm sunshi ne as it did and was well laden with berries which in the shade, which is what it should added to the attractiveness. It was do, being a tropical plant. against the north wall of the garden And last of all, it is growing well and was thus a bright and sunny spot in the new shrub garden in Golden for the enthusiastic gardener to pause Gate Park in sandy soil, where it a moment with her friends to spend hugs the ground and spreads. a quiet hour with her books. There are many uses to which this CisS'llts striata Vitaceae plant may be appli ed since it will grow Evergreen Ampelopsis either in shade or sun, wants plenty Chile, South America of water, but M r. Verhelle, of City This cissus is growing well over N urse ries, Santa Barbara, says, " It a concrete wall on the east side of the can get along with very little, but W omen's Gymnasium, at the U ni ver­ cannot stand much frost. " It is used sity of California in Berkeley. in a formal garden at M r. Knapp's in­ I ts greenish-yellow fl owers are fo l­ stead of grass and is very handsome lowed by blue-black berries in clus­ so used ; in some localiti es it is hardier t ers oppos ite the leaves. The berries than Ciss·us capensis, the Evergreen do not seem to be plentiful in this Grape. region, but it does not greatly matter It is sometimes used as a covering as the beauty is in the rather small, to tennis courts, but reports say that daintily-cut leaves of fi ve leafl ets it is not good for this as it catches with edges serrate above the middle. the balls and is so thick that they It climbs by three-pronged tendrils are hard to fi nd afterward. P ropagate which are oppos ite the leaves, unless from seed (Miss Sessions). their places are taken up by the ber­ Cissus rh0111Lbi folia, San Diego, A pril ries. The tendrils are long and nu­ 26, 1936. Good fo li age from top to merous on the young shoots but none 14 TJiE NATIONAL HORTICULT URAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

appear to be on the short branches. wall by staples. This was probably Although this charming evergreen to avoid the experience with it on the ampelopsis was introduced into Eng­ Girls' High School, where it was land in 1878, it was long in reaching thirty feet high and "apt to tear loose California. At first it was consid­ and grow in ropes and get too thick." ered very tender and they attempted (Norton.) to grow it only in Southern California, At Pasadena it was on a low wall but now field notes show that it is in partial shade and most charming, doing well in at least twenty sections though its leaves were smaller than throughout th€ state, even in many those in Berkeley. "If in full sun here places in the interior valleys. Al­ it suffers from 'die back' in summer." though it is evergreen and now con­ (J ohn Manning.) sidered only half-hardy and not very At Huntington Library it was also tender, it will of-ten survive in re­ in shade on the railing of a rustic gions of frost if planted against a bridge in the famous Japanese garden warm wall, especially of brick, where­ and was far more beautiful for this as if planted in the open, it might purpose than Creeping Fig in a simi­ not survive. "It will grow in Sacra­ lar position on another bridge, as it mento, where it only holds on but gave a naturalistic look that exactly will not climb walls. It freezes back fitted its surroundings. every winter and comes back again." At the California School of Tech­ (Vortriede. ) nology it is used as a ground cover In Niles, California, "it is per­ surrounded by a low hedge instead fectly hardy," says the California of grass and answers the purpose very N ursery Company. well, though the hot sun scorches it At Stockton, California, "it is used somewhat. as a ground cover, over rockeries and It is also much used as a ground to hide unsightly places. It freezes cover in Santa Barbara, where they but comes back again. (Dobner.) are at their wits end to find suitable At San Jose it is evergreen and plants to take the place of grass on grown fro111 layering. (0. D. Smith.) their erl1bankments. In years of scant At Saratoga it was doing well on a rain, its leaves 'turn a little brown. wall and was used with Yellow Straw­ It even does well in the cold fog of berry (DucJ~es 'l'~ea indica) as a ground San Francisco in Golden Gate Park, cover beneath it. This was a little where it was planted on the Egyptian lighter in color but good as to gen­ Building for the 1894 Exposition. It eral shape. was set eight feet apart to give quick The above instances show that it effect and covered the side of the can be used in various places in re­ building to a height of forty feet. Here gions of frost and it would be de­ it thrived for about forty years, when sirous to have some more experiment­ it had to come down with that build­ ing with this species. ing a few years ago. In Riverside, at Mission Inn, it ran Ciss~£s striata is not particular as to the top of ,the building thirty feet, to soil, doing equally well on sandy and had a spread of fifteen feet and soil or on adobe. It will grow either stems 1 Y;; inches thick, showing :that in sun or shade, depending upon your it was an old vine and stood condi­ locality. This variety, therefore, is tions there admirably. It was a beau­ well fulfilling its mission and when tiful specimen and was held on to the there are more patio gardens with co1- Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 15 ored tiles that call for foliage vines, often does when we refuse to make it will be still more appreciated in use of the gifts she gives us. That regions where it does not get thrips is why we have to have adult educa­ or "die back." tion to keep our brains from de­ It is hardier than C1;SS~bS Yh01nbi­ teriorating. The leaves are shining folia and the Evergreen Grape (Ciss~£s above, about three inches long by one capensis) , and more artistic-looking and a half inches wide and evergreen than Cissus antcwct·ica) the Kangaroo all the year around except in severe Vine. winters or in certain regions when they drop just before the new leaves Clytostoma calhstegio1:des appear. Then the climber looks Bignoniaceae shabby for a short time, but be pa­ Painted Trumpet Brazil; Argentine tient where this happens and you will (Syn. Bignonia violacea) see a rapid transformation. The branchlets will droop and come out The Painted Lady is supposed to with surprising vigor and beauty. bloom in spring and possibly early The flowers are mostly in pairs summer, but the plant bloomed in in the axils of the leaves, yet on vig­ August when the flowering is sparse orous shoots there may be as many so late in the season. It was on a as four flowers at a node, which makes fence with an eastern exposure with an astonishing show of color. very little sun except in the middle of It is propagated either from cut­ the day. It had been planted thirty­ tings (Miss Boak) or layers (City one years ago and had been neglected Nurseries) , grows in sun or shade, and starved so that both flowers will stand 18 degrees of cold and is and leaves were below normal in size. fast-growing when well established. It seemed quite a find at the time and It grew 40 feet tall in Santa Barbara until the next year, when a glorious and ten feet wide, while at the Hun­ specimen was found on a west ex­ tington Library it was twenty feet posure about four blocks away that tall and forty feet wide, depending gave us quite a thrill, for it was so upon the way it is pruned. Some one full of bloom you could hardly see the has said that "it will grow as tall as leaves. It was about ten feet tall you want it," which is probably true, and twenty-five feet broad. It had but as it blooms on new wood it must been severely pruned the year before be severely pruned now and then to and now had new shoots that hung keep it in abundant bloom. down gracefully from the weight of It seems to grow in any kind of the large, handsome flowers,-every soil and on any exposure, though one in full sight and many buds still in most localities it will probably need forming. It is lav€nder in color with some shade at the roots though it likes deeper lines of the same shade run­ the sun. However, it does not like ning down the throat. reflected heat. The leaves are opposite, each com­ Many charming combinations may posed of two leaflets and a tendril be­ be seen throughout the state. As early tween them by means of which the as 1895, Dr. Franceschi, of Santa Bar­ plant climbs. When these tendrils bara, mentioned it in combination with cannot cling to any support, they Cat's Claw (Doxantha unguis-cati) simply dry up and drop off as use­ and later Mr. de Forest spoke of it less appendages, the way nature so as being planted on an iron fence to- 16 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

gether with the Cat's Claw, where they DISTRIBUTION made a complete cover of yellow and It has been quite popular in the lavender flowers, all growing and southern part of the state and ex­ blooming together. tends from San Francisco Bay region At the Huntington Library it may to San Diego along the coast sec­ be seen on the same side of the house tion and inland as far as Niles and as the Evergreen Trumpet Vine Sacramento, but there is hope that it (P haed1'anthus buccinatorius). These can be grown in the valley towns in were placed in proximity to give a suc­ sheltered sections and give them an­ cession of bloom to that side of the other evergreen climber of merit and house as one blooms much later than beauty. the other. They have thus been grow­ ing together for at least twenty years, Dioclea glycinoides Legumi nosae and are magnificent old specimens. Scarlet Wisteria Argentine Instead of window boxes, it was A slender, twining climber with used in Pasadena to encircle a window s·carlet flowers one- inch long, in race­ and then allowed to fall down grace­ mes carrying characteristic pea-like fully in draperies. The same use was flowers in clusters of 10 to 25. The made of it in Pacafic Beach, where wings are narrowed at the base and it was in bloom April 10, 1936, "in show a white ring of stamens that the teeth of the wind." It had been make a light spot on the inside of the planted in a small hole cut into the standard. The calyx is one-fourth cement walk and was forty-five feet of an inch long with four short tri­ tall. angular teeth, two of which are short­ If used on an arbor, it must be re­ er and narrower than the others. The strained by pruning or it wi ll outgrow scarlet color is very attractive when its position. As a pergola cover, it seen with the sun shining through it is very satisfactory as its glossy leaves onto the background of dark leaves of are of good texture and it blooms sev­ three leaflets. eral times a year. In general, it blooms in summer and At Berkeley it is on the west side of fall. In Santa Barbara it blooms for a house, in the hot sun part of the six months from May to November, day, but is flanked on two sides by says Mr. P. Elling, while in Monte­ clipped Eugenia 111,yrtifo17:a trees that bello, near Los Angeles, it was seen give it partial shade and where it to bloom from May to October. droops enough to protect the door It is of medium growth, as it grew from the hot afternoon sun. 13 feet in two years at Reeves Nur­ It may be used to festoon a white sery, in Beverly Hills, and covers a house where it makes a fine effect, lath house well but not densely. "It the lavender flowers 2 inches across likes light soil and will grow either being intensified by the white color. in sun or shade, but does best in par­ Painted Trumpet is an excellent tial shade in Southern California, as screen to a porch where its falling the sun is apt to scorch the flowers." sprays make a beautiful drapery, It is good for a tennis court, as it while in some localities it blooms is not dense enough to hide the balls; more than once a year, (April-May is dainty as a porch screen and satis­ and also in summer, says Manning, of factory as to color schemes in the Pasadena.) fall where so many white and creamy ] a n., 1937 TH E NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 17

vv. r:. Nratthews Dioclm glycinoides 18 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 or yellow flowers prevail. On a per­ the temperature is twenty degrees gola, it is dense enough overhead to F. in winter and 95 degrees in the give a light shade and the flowers shade in summer: " It blooms in late fall through and show their color. It summer-a cardinal red. Likes light will climb up the sides of a house soil, is of medium growth, is pest and on a string or chicken wire to a dis­ disease resistant, likes full sun but tance of twenty-five feet. also half shade. Propagated by cut­ Its foliage is neat and the flowers tings and seed. If perchance its leaves drop of themselves, leaving no dead turn yellowish, give it a EttIe iron blooms to prune off. It would be sulphate." quite satisfactory on a treillage against Mr. Hugh Evans, of Santa Monica, the house, as it has no insect pests near the sea, reports its behavior in or plant diseases, is rather long bloom­ his locality as being " Practically ever­ ing, will not require much pruning green unless cold weather defoliates and will keep its place and show it. It wants the hottest, sunniest color half the year. It would also situation possible in order to induce look well against a terrace wall where it to flower well. \i\Till stand a great it adjoins the naturalistic part of the deal of drought but does better with grounds as it will fit either scheme some irrigation. Requires very little and be entirely in keeping. pruning. I have seen it fifteen feet It is normally an evergreen vine tall and twelve feet wide. I do not which becomes partly deciduous in think the flowers would be very suit­ some localities and wholly deciduous able for picking. A very good vine in others in severe winters. It is for the right situation. The growth fairly hardy down to twenty degrees is never very heavy." F. and up to 95 degrees in the shade. From Pasadena comes this report, Therefore it seems promising for in­ -a city that keeps its plants growing terior valleys against a warm wall or and tender late into the fall and then in nearly frostless belts. may have a blast from old Baldy so From Santa Barbara comes the sharp that they are not able to bear following report: "Here is a vine the sudden cold, " \i\T e have had with great possibilities. It resembles Dioclea glyC'inoides for a good many the red-flowered Kennedya in habit years; we have never used the com­ of growth, leaves are of the same type mon name Scarlet 'V,Tisteria , however. though slightly smaller, and not quite It is evergreen with us, though not such a robust grower. The scarlet profuse of foliage. \i\T e have always flower is reminiscent of the scarlet given it more or less the same care bougainvillea and where a blotch of accorded the other vines-soil being this sort of color is needed, this usually loam with some peat mixed dioclea would be fine. It is a moderate in with it in potting. Growth is suffi­ grower; can be propagated by seeds, cient, though not vigorous. It re­ cuttings or suckers which are freely sembles H a1'denberg-ia C 0111.ptoniana in produced on old plants. "Native of habit, likings and speed of growth. South America, from the Rio de la \i\Then and if the plants become pot­ Plata Region," says Mr. Lockwood bound, they seem to become woody de Forest in Santa B.arbara Gardene1' and cease growing at once, though the October, 1927. } bloom may continue about as ever. From Mr. W. B. Clarke, Jr., San The stem becomes heavy and some­ Jose, we have another report, where what corky at base. The fertilizers Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 19 used are commercial, usually 5-10-2. right plant for the right place. It is Have never seen pods on Dz;oclea slow-growing enough not to outgrow here. It does not seem to require its position. Its leaves are choice pruning and we have never trimmed and rare, while its sessile fl owers held them regularly or at any special time. strictly in place are entirely satisfac­ When cut back, it seems to break out tory. It can be used quite as ef­ into growth all right, but not par­ fectively when climbing a tree trunk ticularly vigorously. in an informal setting, as its flowers A plant on the lath house was are single, being a pleasant yellow thirty feet long but most of its growth with numerous stamens of same shade, was inside the lath, which would seem set like a boss in the center. It is to indicate a preference for shade. not a plant that can be placed care­ Dioclea glycinoides has a beautiful lessly among a lot of gay and miscel­ color, interesting shape and foliage and laneous ones or it will be lost or en­ is a good vine for not-too-hot loca­ tirely overlooked. P lace it as the fea­ tions where lacy effect and bright ture of a particular part of the gar­ color are wanted rather than massed den, either by itself or accompanied effect. It bloome; sparingly during by such companions as will enhance the summer. (John Manning, of Cool­ each the beauty of the other. It is idge Rare Plant Gardens.) one of the few plants that may be kept on inspection the whole year. H ibbe1'tia volubilis Dilleniaceae As described by Bentham in the Guinea Flower Butter Australia, Flora Australi ensis, its stems were Queensland, New South Wales woody, short and trailing, or twining and climbing to the height of 2 to 4 This lovely plant with yellow, rose­ feet. like flowers and thick evergreen leaves of good substance, has a common At Santa Barbara, a specimen at name so inappropriate that one look­ the front door (south exposure) had ing at it in a nurseryman's catalogue reached to the roof, a height of fifteen and not fami liar with the plant, would or twenty feet, showing that it likes call up a vision of 'a clucking, restless California conditions. It was growing fowl and would not look further at the in the hot sun and blooming right description of the plant. This is to through the year, giving great satis­ be regretted, for it has a charm of faction to the owner. its own. Its yellow petals, nestling Mr. Hugh Evans says, "We have deep into its handsome evergreen set­ a plant about twelve feet high which ting, give us a feeling of satisfaction will undoubtedly go to fifteen feet, like a choice buckle at a focal point and will reach about five feet in in a beautiful garment. It is just width. Will stand a good deal of the touch that completes the ensemble cold; does well in the San Fernando and should be used where it will Valley. Propagated from cuttings. dominate the particular feature where No particular treatment. Very pro­ it is placed and put there not to con­ fuse bloomer with us, as there are ceal some disfiguring ob ject but to not more than three months in the transform and beautify, with no year when it does not show some thought of any other objective. flower. I consider this a very valuable It was so used at Berkeley, where twiner." it adorned an iron grill and was the As to what kind of soil it likes 20 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

best, we might take a hint from its the rare and unusual and are lDok­ native home where, in Queensland, l11g for beauty for special situations. it grows in loose sand and at the side of rocks. In Golden Gate Park, San las1'nines Francisco, it is also in sandy soil, Of the known two hundred species where its leaves are much larger than of Jasmine in the world, we in Cali­ they are in Berkeley in adobe or fornia have in cultivation not over sandy loam; and in Santa Barbara fifteen or twenty varieties. They in­ they were much smaller than at Berke­ habit the tropical and subtropical re­ ley. That should be expected, how­ giDns and nurserymen do not agree ever, where the plant was spending in all their names. Considerable con­ its energy 111 producing so many fusion has therefore arisen. flowers. Jasmines are among Dur most val­ Ontario: "At Armstrong Nurseries ued plants on account of their fra­ it is half shrub and half vine. Has grance. They may be used as climb­ yellow flowers; foliage dark green ers, or can be - cut down to shrub and fast-growing. It will stand up size. Some are used as ground cov­ to 25 or 26 degrees without cover ers instead of grass; others in beds in­ and 27 to 28 degrees in a somewhat stead of flowers. They usually com­ sheltered position. Grown here on a bine well with many other plants west exposure." (Frank Smythe.) on account of their white color. Some N ear Los Angeles, it grows up to are light and airy, others quite dense. ten feet in height, while in the Olym­ Some are erect while others fall down pic ,territory in Los Angeles, it is in graceful draperies. They can be tw.elve feet on the side of a house used as screens to hide objectionable across the porte cochere. It blooms objects or they may be used to soften along the stem in re'gular arrange­ harsh terrace walls, or the ugliness of ment and has fleshy leaves. It a garage-the most disagreeable fea­ blooms several times a year. (J. A. ture we have to contend with and the Gooch.) least studied as to how to remedy it, It has been seen on a tree trunk, for it includes the architect as well as on an iron grill, on the side of a the landscape architect and the gar­ house and on a pergola, but there dener. Some have met with a happy must be numerous other uses to whi~h solution in dealing with the garage it may be put. It seems to me that but there is much room for study it is not adapted to every situation, and experimentation as to the best but its attractive single, rose-like flow­ way to make the inevitable as unob­ ers, set snugly onto its handsome trusive as possible. evergreen leaves, make it adapted ad­ Jasmines are of easy culture, do mirably for some special setting where well in any situation, under Eucalyp­ its chaste beauty would have just tus trees, on north, south or east the right surroundings. It cannot sides of buildings, as a decoration for compete with such showy flowers as the stage or home. 1. g1'aC£lli11'Lu-1'/'I, and those which tl1e Bignoniaceae pro­ 1. gmndifionmL are practically ever­ duce, but if combined Fightly, could blooming, the former being a favorite make a very artistic touch. I doubt in Santa Barbara and 1. grac1:U'i11'LU111 otherwise that it will be very popu­ of San Diego. I asminu-111, azoricu-m is lar except with those who care for a general favorite and is used in un- Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 21

usual ways, the best one perhaps being condition. It is sheltered by some very to fill a formal bed instead of flowers. tall old trees, however, which pro­ I. pyimulimt11'f. is the most early bloom­ tected i.t from the winter cold. ing species and blooms in January, "Also in Riverside is a very large February or March. We have not vine of this, sixty fee t of which is in yet learned to appreciate I aS1'l1imt11~ the shelter of a PittoSPO'YU111t u ,l'td~t ­ si11'l plicifoliu,11!, which is noted for its latun~ and growing in heavy soil. The fragrance and fo r its long-blooming plants from Armstrong N ursery were fl owers. The less said about I aS111;i­ from this specimen and ought to be a '/7/(1'/1. B eesianum and I aS Il,ti11 U1n steph­ hardy strain." (J. A. Gooch.) anense, the better for they are lacking At Mr. Duncan McDuffie's, in in real beauty of foliage and disap­ Berkeley, there are two specimens, pointing in fl owers. one on the western wall of the resi­ Jasmines are troubled with nema­ dence with other climbers, but it todes, They are apparently in good might also have been somewhat in re­ condition and then become sickly fl ected heat. It was more vigorous either from that cause or else from than the specimen on t he north wall, blight. showing that it does better in the sun here, er All Jasmines like to be severely For some reason or other it does pruned but not too often, as that not seem to be very much used in loses the flowers," (J, A. Gooch,) San Diego. M iss Sessions does not carry it, but says it is good in that I aS111.inu,1'/L azo1'ic~mt O leaceae regIOn. Azores Jasmine Canary Islands In N iles, the California N ursery A n evergreen climber that seems Company had it in bloom in Septem­ to do well throughout a great portion ber, 1916, but it was in partial shel­ of the state, even in Bakersfield in a ter of a pepper tree, which 'was proba­ protected place, though not much tried bly an accident, as they recommend there as yet in the coldest sections it as being hardy and in bloom most of town, It is the best one of the of the time. It should then be more varieties for Santa Barbara and is extensively tried out in the San much used there for ground covers, J oaquin Valley, though it does not for beds instead of fl owers, as porch seem to be used in Sacramento. screens, sides of houses, in a rock A t Montebello the leaves seem a garden, pillars rto a house and over little smaller than normal, but other­ low walls. Here it is everblooming wise it seems to thrive well in that and very much prized on account of locality. its various uses and fragrance. On a At M iss Baylor's, in Santa Bar­ small cottage at Goleta, it was twenty­ bara, there is a most remarkable speci­ fi ve fe et tall and twenty years old, men that is fully twenty years old. It showing that it speeds up in growth covers the whole side of a house to after it is well establi shed, It is the very eaves and enframed a win­ also trimmed to keep it to shrub size. dow so heavily that a square had to be A t the former Shorland N ursery cut into the plant to let the light and near Riverside, there is an old plant air into a window. In A ugust of 1935, fifty years old and still blooming well. it was so full of bloom and with such It mounted up to the second story of large fl owers that it was almost start­ the old house and is still in very good ling. 22 THE NATIO JAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE J an., 1937

At Mr. Sturtevant's, in Hollywood, clean bush. Slender J asmine may be it was also a handsome specimen used as a climber or pruned down thirty feet high and twenty feet wide, to shrub size. full of bloom in July. It seems to be the favorite of all the The flow ers of the Azores jasmine jasmines in San Diego, where Miss are very handsome, over an inch long Sessions reports as follows: " It is and in clusters of five to eight flow­ good from bottom to the top, no per­ ers, a pure white that contrast well fume or very little; wants good drain­ with the very dark leaves. These age, not a too heavy soil ; some fer­ leaves are in threes, the end leaflet Borneo on the pergola above. Like the mai­ This delightful jasmine is supposed den-hair vine, it has sprays that stand to be hardy in all parts of California, out at an acute angle and are not but for one reason or another it is very tidy-looking. These branches very little used in many sections should be pruned off. The stems will of the state. twist about themselves if they can ge

jloru111,; the flowers combining well, pruning." (J. A. Gooch, of Ontario, though the foliage is a little different. California. ) "The general opinion is that the Catalonian Jasmine blooms most of J aS11'vinu111, 0 fficinale Oleaceae the time unless in wet or cold weather. Common White Jasmine It is also easily propagated by cut­ Persia, China and N. W. India tings, which root better with some The plant from which this photo­ heat. It is slow to become estab­ graph was made is in Berkeley and lished, both as a cutting and as a was on the south exposure of the plant. It should always be planted house. It was fifteen years old, fif­ 111 a warm sheltered place, as it teen feet high, eighteen feet wide and needs a favorable location. It has grown from. cuttings. It is rather mealy bugs and black scale. It is weak-stemmed, with the flowers scarce in cultivation and it would be borne on the ends of the branches better to recommend J aS111, in~m~ 1~iti­ and is somewhat informal looking, dum instead of this because the flow­ with the branches standing out loosely ers are most beautiful and just as and brought down by the weight of sweet and it is a stronger grower." the flowers. The white flowers are in (Miss Sessions.) cymes, with the middle flower open­ The oldest specimen that we have ing first and the two pointed buds on seen in the state was at Riverside at each side coming on later. They are Mrs. Arthur Shorland's place, which five-starred, over an inch long and was fifty years old. It was on the very fragrant,-a fragrance that com­ grounds of the first nursery peopLe in bines well with that of the Evergreen this section and the plant had probably Mock Orange (Ph'iladelphus 11'I,exi­ been cut down many times, as the camts) , ,though quite a different odor. stems were only 2 inches across, which The calyx ends in thread-like teeth seems rather small for so old a plant. nearly a half inch long. "It is ¥ery fragrant so that they The leaves are opposite, compound make perfumery of it in the Mediter­ and made up of from five to seven ranean region, where it has long been leaflets, the one on the end being cultivated. It is fast growing. Keep much larger and tapering to a sharp it to a pillar form. Cut it to the point. They combine rather well with ground and it comes back again. those of J aS11~ 'in1' f11i~ g1'andijlO1'U11'1" Propagate it from tip layers." (Miss which has scant leaves, as it gives that Boak.) plant a good background for its flow­ "It is on the south exposure and ers. is one of our best, not dense but "Pruning is quite important. The worth growing for its light foliage." best way is to prune a part of the vine (Frank Smythe.) every year, leaving enough old wood "This is especially fine, planted on to make a good show, as the flow­ mos,tly in half shade on an east or ers bloom on the old wood. Do not west exposure, where it does not get cut off all of this old wood or you will the sun at all and blooms for a long have no flowers the following year." time. It stands 18 degrees of frost (George Celaste.) without injury but gets frozen in the The common jasmine is not usually San Fernando Valley if the tempera­ considered a large plant. Ordinarily ture goes down. It needs much it does not grow to more than fifteen 26 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 or twenty feet high and fully as wide, east exposure would have been better. but in Berkeley there are specimens It has been well distributed through­ growing on houses thirty feet tall in out the state, as it was seen all the partial shade of tall street trees. They way from Grass Valley in the north, are light and airy about the house through Sacramento, Napa Valley, and not dense enough to prevent sun Petaluma, San Jose and its surround­ or breeze from entering the house. ings as far as San Diego, but in most parts of Southern California they sel­ It is long-lived, as one was known dom use it as they have other species to grow twenty years at Sacramento they li ke better. It seems to have at the Bell Conservatory. They can been introduced into California early also be cut to renew them, for we by nurserymen (Wm. C. Walker, in know of one plant that was thus cut 1860) and spread through our milder every year for fifteen years because valleys in the large estates of early it happened to be in the way at a days, both on the San Francisco Pen­ certain time. They bloom from March insula and elsewhere. It has therefore to November in Berkeley and from been growing in the state for seventy­ May to frost in San Jose. (Smith.) It will stand sun or shade but is better five years, though more extensively in the sun; propagated from cuttings; used in the San Francisco Bay region gets scale and mealy bugs in Santa and north. It casts little shade and is Barbara. (Beers.) itself light and airy in habit. It should be tried out more largely in the milder Its uses are many. At the Ducan valley regions. McDuffie home it is on the wall of the house court. It is planted on the back of the wall and falls over into f asm.i11U111, pri11U£li'l'l.U1'1L Oleaceae the court, where it stands out about Primrose J asmine China two feet from the wall. It is dainty This primrose jasmine is a general and fu ll of bloom, although in full favorite in the state on account of its shade. Its flowers are not unlike winter and spring bloom, as it comes those of Trachelos pe1'1m£111, ja.s111;inoides in with the early bulbs and may often in shape and color, but their texture be seen in good color in December or is more tender. As a pergola plant, January, and then on to March or it covers enough to give shifting shade, April-about three months. In late but will not always lie flat on top seasons it may continue on into May, unless given some training. At the with occasional flowers somewhat 1916 Exposition at San Diego, it was later in the year. It is a somewh.at planted on a pergola with roses and new introduction to some of our gar­ TeC011UI!r1:a capensis. Here it kept its dens but it has been in the state for place and hung down well, but the at least twenty years, where it be­ Cape Jasmine was too stiff and stood came a general favorite at once 011 far above the top of the pergola, account of its spring brightness, its whereas we like it to be flat. adaptability to various uses, as well as It is used in Santa Barbara to some tolerating many kinds of soil. It will extent, but they do not consider it as grow to thirty feet but to make a good good as f. grandifiorum.. At one home climber, it must be tied at ten or it was trained fl at on a south wall twelve feet and allowed to hang down but seemed to be injured some by re­ gracefully in long sweeping sprays. It flected heat. A wall on a north or is thus used on a pergola at Central Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 27

Vic/o·,. DlIran Jas1'llil1'llw officinale 28 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

Park swimming pool at Bakersfield, far too common, and we look longing­ where it gives great satisfaction to ly for a gardener who knows how to the bathers who sit on the benches to prune shrubs intelligently. rest and admire its large, yellow As to distribution, it is seen flowers. throughout the state from low moun­ It is also used as a ground cover tains, from Sacramento through the instead of grass, either in sun or shade, San Joaquin Valley to Bakersfield, and is well adapted for this as it then Pasadena and on to San Diego. grows and roots along as it goes. Two "In Ontario it flowers in January or three plants will thus cover a and February, with very dense prim­ whole hillside in a short time. r·ose-like flowers and there are still It seems very well adapted for use a few in bloom now in April. It can on a tennis court in regions where it be cut back quite heavily to renew does not grow too dense to catch and it or you can make it into a shrub. retain the balls. Its best point is that it blooms in win­ The leaves are from 2 to 3 inches ter, for it is hardy, has green foliage long with three leaflets set on a square and blooms when the flowers are stem that is also green. In regions scarce." (F. Smythe.) of severe frost they become partially "This is the hardiest of any of the deciduous, as in some gardens in Bak­ Jasmines. You can see it in the moun­ ersfield. In that case, leaves and tains and in valleys, at every station flowers appear at the same time in along the Santa Fe Railroad to Wil­ spnng. liams. Turn off to Grand Station, Its flowers are double and a pleas­ where it is on the station grounds ing light yellow which covers the en­ in the desert,. in Phoenix, Las Vegas, tire plant and makes a glorious color. Tucson, Arizona, at Brawley, Indio, They are usually about 1 Y;; to 2 Palm Springs and on the upper desert. inches across and so abundant that It is the most usually grown vine and they seem like a cascade. is seen fr·om one end of the county to It is our most drought-tolerant jas­ the other. It blooms early in the mine and also makes a good cut flow­ year and even in November." (]. A. er. If cut in the bud, it will come Gooch.) out and last ten days in water. It is also fast-growing, as one plant in San­ M~~tisias ta Barbara only two years old grew Mutisias have long been cultivated fifteen feet high with a stem 1 Y;; inches in England, though mostly in green­ thick. It will grow on any ex­ houses, where their large and brilliant posure with seeming disregard to its flowers at once attract attention due to position, a fact that adds another their decorative value. A few of them cause for its popularity. were set out of doors and after re­ As a shrub, it is not always grace­ peated trials were found hardy enough fully falling. Its habit seems to vary to live in the warmer sections where according to the kind of soil it is in they were grown over low bushes or but more probably due to method of on warm walls mingled with other pruning. In these cases it stands climbers. The varied success of the stiffly erect with its branches far enthusiastic growers of these plants apart and looks too sprawling for out of doors is vividly told in their beauty. This is quite a common fault, reports in their garden magazines and Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 29

especially in Garde1~er's Clwonicle, handsome species should be raised by where they discussed methods and seed from a good color form, such failures and entered into hot disputes. as a bright pink, with subsequent se­ As time went on, however, most of lection from the seedlings." "In My these introductions planted in the Garden," Aug., 1936. open ground died out for a time until There seem to be two types of the interest and beauty of the flowers leaves among the mutisias, the ones caused another effort to be made and with CO~llpound leaves, the rhachis of they are again carrying on as keen as which ends in long tendrils, found ever. They are now growing at least mostly in the northern part of South five or six species which are doing America, and a simple-leaved type fairly well out of doors. These are like M ~itisia ilic·ifolia from Chile, with as follows: by E. Markham in Jour. leave like those of ah English Holly, Royal Hort. Soc., Vol. 61, UMutisia and quite as ·toothed on the edges. It clematis-from Peru and Colombia. is shown in color in the Botanical This is a little tender, but otherwise Magazine t. 6009, while another of a vigorous grower, with orange-scar­ this simple-leaved type is seen in Bo­ let flowers 2 to 3 inches across dur­ tanical Magazine t. 5273, as Mu.tisia ing the summer months." Ill. in Bot. decu1'?'ens, with strap-like leaves end­ Mag. t. 8391. ing in long tendrils. These you may Mutisia decunens, moderately strong like to look up, as our interest in grower but has not the vigor of M. California has ·only recently been clematis. 10 ft. tall. Difficult to es­ heightened by the collectors, Mrs. tablish. Flowers 4 inches across, ver­ Mexia and Mr. James West, of the million and yellow center. Mr. A. T. University of California, whose col­ Johnson describes his experience with lections have brought in rare and un­ it in "My Garden, Aug. 1936," which usual plants from the western side of see. His culture is as follows: "This South America. supef'b plant is not easy to start, but once established it will carryon for years. It is happiest, I think, thread­ Mutisia clewr,atis Compositae ing its way through a fall shrub, or Peru; Colombia some small evergreen bush, with its Of all the species yet introduced roots in a cool, but freely drained into England, they say Mutisia cle­ soil." Ill. in Bot. Mag. t. 5273. matis is the easiest to manage. It is UMutisia oligodon from Chile. propagated from cuttings of half-ripe Large pink Howers. Are used to run wood as well as from seed, and when up small trees and through bushes it is once established it is very vigor­ and frequently used to veil large rocks ous and does not die off suddenly and low walls." as the others do. Mutisia ret~isa fro·m Chile, which The only specimens we know in Mr. A. T. Johnson also grows and California are in the vicinity of San describes as follows: "White flowers Francisco, and the one at Golden Gate which range from a chalky blue-white Park, San Francisco, is badly mil­ to a clear rose-pink. An evergreen dewed, according to Mr. Eric Wal­ with horny, saw-edged leaves and no ther. The other one is at Mr. Anson fads about soil-or situation so long Blake's home in Berkeley, where it as it has its head in the sun. This was planted at the foot of an arch 30 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE Jan., 1937 with its feet in the morning sun and and admire its ray flowers which its foliage receiving the afternoon sun on inspection the botanist told us, and the breeze from the bay. It be­ were female with only a trace of -l ongs to the compound leaf type, with their stamens present while the disc leaves four inches or more in length fl owers had a few fl owers ' that did Clnd its rhachis ending in long tendrils not open and were selj-je1,til-ized and by which it climbs. Each leaf has the rest of its fl owers were cross­ four or five pair of leaflets 1 ~ inches pollinated. He said the fact that this long and are covered with a gray felt species had both cross-fertilization that gives them quite a woolly ap­ and self-fertilization 111 the same pearance and makes the gray color ·flower might account for its being so conspIcuous among so many green variable and so hard to determine. ones in the gar-den. Here it grew Mrs. Blake resented the treatment tor some time until the fl owers ap­ given to this rare plant by the wind peared. and later moved it down into the can­ These fl owers are very. spectacular yon to be betwee n two redwood trees, and excite a great deal of attention as where it is now growing vigorously. they are so different from most of our Mlttisia cle1natis is said to have cultivated plants. 'They are so heavy been introduced into England in 1859 that they hang pendant from their deli­ and now. seventy-five years after­ cate stems for our close inspection. wards, it is still very difficult to buy The many ray fl owers make a splash in nurseries in that country. O ur one of color three inches in diameter which plant in this region, therefore, is all is some shade of red, vari ously de­ the more desirable fo r its rarity. Vve scri bed as orange-scarlet or orange­ are hoping fo r other introductions not vermilion. Quite as conspicuous as only of this species but of many more. the color are the whi.tish or gray bracts which line the tube of the Pa,n.do1'ea brycei Bignoniaceae fl ower growing in four or fi ve rows, Queen of Sheba the hairs even running down the stem. South Africa (Rhodesia) There was only one fl ower in bloom when first examined, but a month The Queen of Sheba is evergreen, afte rw al~d there were ten fl owers in blooms in winter and though it grows full bloom and many buds. It seemed luxuriously in San Francisco region to thrive vigorously in the fresh. air and also 'near San J ose, it is too ten­ and sunshine; but the trade winds der to fl ower there, as this is our win­ came on, whipped the fl owers about ter season and early frost catch.es the mercilessly and turned the leaves black young succulent growth. Perhaps as on ,the windy side. The plant threw time goes on, a hardier strain may be its long tendrils about, clasped the developed for Ollr colder sections that sheltering hedge and gained as much will bloom at a more advantageous protectioi1 as possible for itself and season for the plant. It requires a its fl owers until the worst danger was rich so il and a sunny position, over ; then clinging with one branch to It is a vigorous grower and at Mrs. the hedge, it threw another branch Cuttle's, in South Pasacit'na, a plant over a nearby bush and pushed its fifteen years old had grown forty feet fl owers out into the intervenin O" . b along a porch. Its stem had a diam­ space hIgh enough so that we could eter of two inches and though it had look into the heart of the fl ower been severely cut back in the spring J a n., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 31

PaJ'Id.01' ea B r '}Jcei 32 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

just after it finished blooming, its be covered by some other plant. It new shoots had already grown SiX can cover an old building completely feet by July. It had bare stems for or will train along a fence. ten feet, and needed another plant to From the evidence of notes gathered cover up this defect. Although the on field trips, we would say that this leaves are light and airy, there are so climber is not very popular at the many of them that the vine is heavy present time on account of its tall and must be supported. The branch­ growth, thus being hard to prune, and lets are slender and the leaves hang the £act that it will require a trellis gracefully as they sway in the breeze. or some sort of support to which it The leaves are compound, about 8 may be tied. Instead of the Queen or 10 inches long and have from 9 of Sheba, we would personally rather to 11 leafl ets 2 inches long with short see H a1'denbe1'gia C 01nptoniana, Pan­ petioles and long acuminate points. d01'ea jasminoides and Clytoste11'w, The edges are slightly wavy and oc­ callistegioides used on account of their casionally serrate. These leaves are texture, glossy leaves and permanent often confused with those of the Rica­ effect. sol Pandorea (Pand01'ea r-ica.roliana) but a closer inspection will show that Pand01'ea jas111,inoid es Bignoniaceae Queen of Sheba has more pointed Bower Plant; Jasmine Pandorea drawn-out tips to the leaflets and more (Syn. Teco17ta jas1ninoides) slender as a whole, while the leaflets Australia of the Ricasol Pandorea are more ro­ Another choice climber from Aus­ bust and come to a more abrupt tralia that is grown throughout the point. state where the temperature does not The Queen of Sheba is evergreen, fall below 24 degrees F. It is espe­ not deciduous like the other, is lighter cially favored in Santa Barbara, where in color, its leaves looser and longer its evergreen leaves of good texture and its best growth is in fall or win­ have earned its continued popularity. ter and therefore apt to have its young Its leaves are compound, four inches shoots injured in times of frost. long and composed of five to seven I The flowers are large and pink, leaflets of good firm texture that seem {;yith yellow and darker pink lines in to harmonize fairly well with other the throat. It may bloom from one shining, thick-skinned leaved shrubs month to several months, d,epending and vines so frequently seen in culti­ upon the season, for it blooms on new . vation here, wood which is young and tender and Its flowers are trumpet-shaped, 2y,i has not had time to harden up to inches long by 2 inches in diameter, withstand a sudden drop in tempera­ and are borne in loose panicles of ture. As it grows 2S feet tall and 2S white flowers with a maroon or dark­ feet wide, it is a climber for tall build­ pink eye. Not all the flowers have ings and wide spaces but, on the other room to bloom at once on account of hand, it is not adapted to small gar­ their size. Nature then withholds a dens fifty by 100 feet. few buds and prolongs the blooming It looks very well on a pergola period. It has sufficient blooms where it climbs up and over the top but never a profusion such as most and down on the other side, but it of the other Bignoniaceae produce. ordinarily has leggy feet which must It has a long blooming period and Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 33 is likely to bloom all the time in vacy from the constantly passing Ex­ warm regions but in localities like position crowds, but it was almost in­ Berkeley it does well if it has flowers variably leggy for four or five feet, no from February to frost and part of doubt due to its hard struggle in that that time only scattered flowers. It is poor soil. At any rate there is no of medium fast growth, as seen in general complaint about its dropping Pasadena, where it only grew fifteen its lower leaves and perchance your feet in seven years. However, it seems specimen has that habit, you can easily to vary in height in different locali­ combine it wi·th holly or osmanthus or ties. In the Bay region, it may go to any other of our numerous shining­ twenty feet or so and never seems to leaved shrubs of medium growth. outgrow its position. In Santa Bar­ There was also a Jasmine Pandorea bara there are homes where it is very on a pergola that was naked below vigorous and has to be pruned often but was good above, as the leaves and to keep it within bounds. Mr. Gooch flowers hung through and the top of reports that he has seen it on an arbor the pergola was well hidden. In this in Orange County where it was forty case they had planted with it, to hide to fifty feet long, while one in River­ its nakedness, the Cape Honeysuckle side on an arcade sent out its runners (Teco111,aria capensis) , which is a to thirty or forty feet, and was doing climber, though often treated as a well in a summer temperature of 110 shrub, and it grew so fast that it degrees. It was also seen at Red­ pushed its way far a,bove the pergola lands with about the same degree of top and held itself stiffly erect instead heat. At Ontario it will stand 24 de­ of softly draping the top of the pergola. grees of frost without killing it, and "It will not live at Sacramento, as likes a li.ttle shade on the east side of the winters cut it to the ground, the house. It will stand considerable though it probably needs but a slight trimming and was cut to the ground shelter to bring it through the winter. twice and came :back again, but he It has been to the top of :the lattice does not recommend it as a general house but froze down again. It blooms practice. He also says that it enjoys on the new wood, so we do not see the very best soil, will grow in me­ the flowers." (Mr. Geisreiter.) dium sandy loam and even in decom­ It is bothered by black scale if there posed granite, though the plant that is any plant about that is heavily in­ was struggling there had smaller fested with them. leaves and a lighter shade of green, It is especially prized for its clean, probably due mostly to lack of water. neat flowers and its thick, glossy All of the specimens he saw had good leaves, also because it does not out­ leaves to the ground but at Mr. Stur­ grow its position. You will prize this tevant's in Hollywood, the Jasmine choice plant, as it is always neat and Pandorea was leafless for ten feet and effective, moderate as to amount of then went up to twenty feet or more water and not particular as to its soil. on the side of the house. This was If perchance you would like another also the case in San Diego on the dy­ color, why not try one of its varieties? namited soil in Balboa park. Here They seem to require the same culture they had planted it quite freely on the and care. pergolas and on other arbor seats Pandorea jas11~ino 'ides alba is similar where it was needed to screen the to the P. jasminoides but a pure white sides and allow some degree of pri- and is the one used in Santa Barbara 34 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE Jan., 1937

111 the white garden of charm. It is growing in any ex posure. Stands wind also used in Montecito in front of a and seashore conditions." Not so in pergola post planted to E ngli sh Ivy. Beverly Hills, where M r. T. H. Spar­ T hi s ivy makes a good background go reports that it will grow in fun sun fo r the fl owers but it will eventually or half shade but would not bloo111 111 crowd it out though the J asmine Pan­ the shade. It stands cold, frost, dorea has already been there fo r drought, but the more water you give t \~'e n ty-o n e years. It is considered the better it grows. I n good soil it very choice. grows withi n one hundred fee t of the T he other vari ety is Pal/ d01'ea jas­ ocean bll t 'I/ ot in fu ll wind. Prune it lIIi noides var. 1'osea, whi ch is the at any tim e. Subj ect to black scale. choicest of all, though perhaps a little It gets down to 26 degrees here in more tender. A t any rate. it is more the Beverly H ills N ursery and touches rare. It was seen at Santa Barbara the tip of this plant. 25 feet tall and growin g on a trelli s. iVlr. Gooch reports that it makes a It was just beginning to bloom on A u­ good ground cover, as he saw it near gust 29th and is a deli cate pink with " Tustin on a wild bank where it grew a deeper pink throat. A nother one like a weed. Cut it off the bank and was outside and climbing by twisting it soon grows agai n. It has very little about a post fo r eight feet and then on ca re and is in a poor gravelly soil, top of a lath house for fi fteen fee t. It rocky 'Nith no substance in the soil. was a good shining g reen and in gen­ It blooms in April and a li ttle later. eral had fi ve leafl ets. the odd one be­ It is in bloom at the same time as the ing the longest. as it is in t11 e spec ies. Solal/dra glltta.ta and P aul's Scarlet It was in full bl o0 111 (Jul y 24,1916) . Rose. I3ees like the blossoms." making a dense shade with the fl owers O l/ tario. "Thi s plant is attacked to on top and some of t hem falling some extent with bl ack scale when in through. It is new here and we do combinati on with other plants suffer­ not know yet how to combine it with other plants. ing fr0 111 this pest. It is rather a dif­ fic ult vine to control and must be given pl enty of r00111 . \ Ve have the Pandorca pandoral/ a B ignoni aceae 'Va riety rllbra growing at the R anch at \ -\1 onga \Vonga A ustrakl A rmstrong :N' urseri es w ith deep pink (SY I1. T cco1l'la mlstralis) fl owers. This plant is excellent for .-\nother vine from A ustrali a whi ch coveri ng large areas, particularly a is used largely for climbing tall build­ bank, where it can be planted at the ings and to fill wid e spaces. It is top of the bank in fairly good soil and drought-tolerant, fast-growing and the allowed to droop down over the bank fo liage is used for decorative effect to make a cover." (J. A. Gooch. ) rather than the fl owers, as it bloo ms " In On tari o it is growing on an but a short time in the spring, with east exposure, rapid-growing. It is perhaps a few fl owers later in the sea­ better to grow it as a bush over an son, as in Montecito, where it had a embankment. Hardy; blo0 111 s early few scattered flo wers inA ugust, white in the year- J anuary but not long-a in color with a brown eye. It made a month or so. It has small fl owers." wonderful growth at the E xposition (Frank S mythe. ) M r. Smythe also in 1916 and Mr. Bode says :'it is still has the one they call Pa 1'Idorea pa17- our fastest growing vine, hardy and doral/a var. ru bra, which is planted on J an., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 3S

w. C. Matth.ews Pandorea pa11dorana 36 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 a south exposure. It is smaller than stems and consequently, up to date, the type and grows more dense, not December 16, 1936, it did not cover . so rank. Foliage fine, glossy leaves, so large a space on the bank nor red flowers." April 17, 1936. would it make so dense a screen, In speaking of its hardiness it is though eventually it makes a more rather surprising in how many towns dense one. Neither sun nor cold has of the Great Valley it is actually grow­ harmed its leaves while those of the ing though under hard conditions. It Evergreen Trumpet Vine had turned looks as though a little shelter would quite brown wherever they had hugged bring them through the hardest part the ground too closely. Wonga Wonga of the winter. \"Ale have had reports has much the handsomer leaves, from the following: longer, glossier and more vigorous. H aywaTd, on .tennis court. Nothing seems to stop its growth when it is well esta'blished. We are Niles, California Nursery Co., where therefore hoping that it will grow in it was 13 feet high. the warmer sections of the valley . M·organ Hill, Coate's Nursery. towns to give them another evergreen Sacm1nento Capitol Grounds, climb­ climber. ing a tree and was protected. At Santa Barbara Mr. James says, Stockton, where "it freezes but "It has black scale and mealy bug, but comes up again. We do not want any not as bad as Stephanotis. A very of the Tecomas for the same reason." vigorous grower. Has a tendency to (Dobner. ) pile up a lot of brush underneath. I . If this climber, then, could be kept would class it as drought-tolerant. alive until it had established its roots The heaviest bloom is in winter with well in the ground, the probability is scattering flowers until summer. There that it can be grown in the warmer is a young growth coming on most of sections of the San Joaquin Valley if the year which is always bronze in given some shelter. It is hardy and color and makes a pleasing combina­ persistent, as shown by one specimen tion with the glossy green of the ma­ on the University of California ture leaves." grounds in Berkeley. This climber The plant from which our photo­ had been grown for some years on the graph was taken grows in Piedmont, high board fence of the old track field. has grown so fast that its leaves do When this tract was abandoned, the not look like ours in Berkeley which fence was taken down and the plant have the leaflets nearer together, much cut to the ground. Here it continued more glossy and scalloped on the to come up for four years in succes­ edges, while this photograph shows a sion, although buried by a "fill" or lush leaf somewhat wilted and limp. cut down by accident. This year it is The young leaves are so different growing as lustily as ever at the rate from the old ones that our nurserymen of one or two inches a day, even called the young plant by a different faster-growing than the Evergreen name until it was discovered that tpey Trumpet Vine (Phaedmnthus buccina­ grew into the mature W onga W onga. tOTius) on the same bank but half a This illustration shows only five leaf­ block away. When compared with lets but in Australia there are from that species, it is hardier to heat and five to nine leaflets and either entire cold, faster-growing in the individual or crenate and may be from one to branches but does not make as many three inches long. Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 37

The flowers are small for those of the best all around vine, with fragrant a Bignoniaceous plant, being about an flowers for September." But why pro­ inch or less long and half an inch in long this di scussion of 'bloom, for it diameter. Usually in dense clusters, has been seen in flower every month white in color, with a purplish or red­ in the year in one or the other sec· dish spot in the throat. They do not tions of the state. hang on very long and the beauty of There is another discrepancy in the the climber is in its leaves. use of the two varieties. Mrs. Lucia Fox Edwards claims that the single­ Pkiladelphus 111e.:n;canus Saxifragaceae flower type is a "weed." Miss Hoak Evergreen Mock Orange; Mexican also says that the single-flowered Mock Orange Philadelphus gets scaly and the foliage Mexico is not so good as the double-flowered A charming plant from Mexico that one. On the contrary, for San Diego may be used either as a shrub or as a Miss Sessions likes the single-flowered climber, depending upon its treatment. form, "as it is a better bloomer and It will grow 30 or 35 feet tall and 20 has better foliage than the double­ feet wide or may easily be cut down flowered form." The specimen from to shrub size. There seem to be two which our photograph was taken was forms, both fragrant; one consisting on the gardener's house at Mr. Dun­ of single flowers and a double-flow­ can McDuffie's place and was photo­ ered form which seems to be the one graphed in May. It had also been in most in general use throughout the bloom in July. The gardener said it state. bloomed for four months, April to July, but in other gardens in town it Its time of bloom varies so greatly also bloomed in the fall. in different localities and in different soils that it is hardly possible to set a This specimen was eight years old, good date for a wedding which must 20 feet high, 15 feet wide, and still have this plant as its leading decora­ rather good, with 3 or 4 blooms on tion. It has been variously reported the ends of each branch. The flowers as blooming in sp'ring, in summer, and are withering persistent but can easily "in Pasadena it blooms from Christ­ be knocked off with a rake, which mas time and intermittently on through makes that an easy problem. The the spring until June." (Miss Hoak.) flowers grow from short branchlets "In San Diego it brooms freely in win­ that spring out from the old wood. So ter and spring and is a more or less if the old wood is cut away in prun­ continuous bloolner." (Miss Ses­ ing, there are no flowers the following sions.) In Santa Barbara, "Blooms in year. It is therefore best to prune winter-full bloom in February, and only pa1't of the old wood every year more or less in summer" (Mr. Petin­ and thus leave enough on the plant to gell) , but it has bloomed in Septem­ supply the short new growths from ber in that city, as Mr. de Forest re­ which the flowers spring. ports in the October issue of Santa The flowers are white, semi-double, B arbm'a Gardener: "Last year the and fade to a cream color. Whether Mexican Orange curled up and was single or double, they have an unmis­ valueless as a decoration to the Sep­ takable fragrance. "Its perfume is so tember garden unless specially wa­ strong that you cannot mix it with tered. This year it heads the list as other strong perfume plants." (Mr. L. 38 THE NATIONAL HORTICULT UR AL MAGAZI NE J an. , 1937 de F orest.) It is a very clean vine, if not pruned every year or so. ( W , as the1'e are no aphids or other garden M . J ames.) pests on it. It grows well at Mission Inn (Riv­ According to M r. R iedel (Santa erside) and is a bea.utiful plant with Barbara), it was introduced into Cali­ runners twenty-five to thirty-five feet fo rnia by Mrs. R obe'rt Louis Steven­ long, growing in the patio. It is near son, who s€cured a specirnen in Mex­ the dining room and in connecti on ico and gave it to the late Charles with the outdoor dini ng room and is Abraham. Mr. R iedel secured a piece a deli ght to visitors when it is in from him and in tun) was able to sup­ bloom, as it is fragrant both night and ply the other ' nurseries with it . It is day, T he roots of this particular plant grown from cuttings, and well have are on the north side of a building in the Santa Barbara people learned to a very 'cool locatio n, while the top of use it. It may be see11 on arb0rs, the plant is quite exposed to the sun. summer houses, droop.ing gracefully It is free from pests and blooms for over front porches, on 'entrance walls qui te a long period during the spring to driveways, etc. At Dr. P rinchett's and early summer. It blooms all it is charmingly draped over the win­ through May but stops when it is dow of hi s white bouse and also over very hot. It does not like to be pruned. the front door. It is a very artistic as it dies back for several feet. It touch with its dark drooping vines stands pruning on soft growth. No against the pure white house. It is diseases but snails and caterpillars also growing well over hi s pergola and bother it, as the fo liage is soft. droops gracefully to hide its rustic It is planted along the coast to San woo el and to add to the green color of Diego and east to Redlands but is not the scant leaves of the Cup of Gold, in the desert. It is fa irly hardy and also on the pergola. It was also min­ stands cold probably t o 18 degrees in g:led with the Evergreen Grape (Cis­ IZive rside, I think the greatest rea­ s:us cape1'bsis) on the walls of the son why this variety is not grown terrace. more in the hot interior valleys is due At the Bernard Hoffman place, it is to its requirements of cool root loca­ over a low wall in the garden and tion. looks more graceful in that position H oll'j'wood. A t Mr. A rthur Letts', than even the H arde·nb eTgia C omp­ it made a good vine fo r an arbor. It t011iana on another wall. has many small stems and though they It does ni cely here, under mos t any look stiff they can be grown in almost soil or nloisture conditions. \ i\Till stand a,ny direction. a great deal of drought, although it Pasadena. T he sun burns it here. gets rather woody if it gets too dry. (Ross. of R ust Nursery.) It is used very seldom as a drought­ Ba!?e l:sfield. It was in the shade in tolerant cover for banks, though it one case and leaf hoppers injured it co uld be used more than it is. It is so I moved it into the sun on a 'west almost a conti nuous bloomer here exposure. Mrs. Sydney Greeley. especially if. it has di stinct peri ods of San Diego 1'egj·o11 . It was not in wet and dry. The fl owers are on new bloom there in April this year, neither wood' and have a pleasant fragrance, crt the Parker School nor at P acific Tbe foliage is a pale green. It has a Beach. A t Coronado, 1\1rs. T erry's, tendency to pile up a lot of dead brush it was combined along side of the J a n., 1937 THE rATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 39

V ieto'}' D'lt1'an

Philadelphlls lIIexlcall'llS TBE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

house with Aspamgus falcatus, both She said, " It grew very fast and this climbing high, then caught upon a year I cut it off and sliced up the treillage to support them - a very sides of the vine so that it is now charming combination. mostly new wood, and that, we think, "It is ideal for pergolas, as it is why it is blooming better." In blooms on the ends of the sprays, November, 1936, she reported that good for covering fences, for falling "it had bloomed sparingly, compared over walls, covering embankments or with the Burma description of it, to decorate porches." (Miss Sessions.) in July, August and September. It was trimmed some time last spring, Quisqualis indica Combretaceae more to keep it within bounds than for any effort to make it flower. Per­ Rangoon Vine Burma, Malaya, Philippine Islands sonally, I am not very keen about it and consider taking it out." Here she Twenty or more years ago Dr. has succeeded in making such a plant Doremus planted this climber in the bloom out of doors for three months open ground in Santa Barbara. He and does not seem to realize that hers showed it to his friends in great glee, is a great achievement! for it had grown well on the side of "At Armstrong N urseries it IS the house where he had visions of it growing outside at the upper ranch, covering the place as he had seen it which is in an almost frostless belt. in a tropical country, where it rambled It makes a bush and then a runner delightedly over pergolas and sum­ on the fence. There was no frost the mer houses. Later, when it did not first year, but snow fell on one of bloom, he moved it to a lower section them and still it did not kill it." (J. A. of his garden at the foot of a palm Gooch.) This is the way the plant tree where it climbs up the trunk. acts in England, as described in Bot. As time went on he secured scatter­ Mag., t. 2033, which says, "The young ing blooms but to one who had seen plant was an upright shrub to 3 feet it at home in all its luxuriance, these with few irregular branches and scat­ few flowers did not satisfy. He there­ tered leaves without order. In six fore now grows it for its young bronze months it put forth a runner from the foliage, which later turns a good roots which climbed the neighboring green, and prunes it sufficiently from trees, throwing out branches in all di­ growing up beyond his reach and en­ rections but not twisting about their joys it as it is. support. Then the origilJ.al shrub Last year we saw it at Mrs. George ceased to grow and perished and the Hamilton's, also of Santa Barbara. It plant looked and acted like a climber." is on a south wall, the warmest place San Diego. It is said that there she has. It is four years old, bought are no good Rangoon Vines growing from the Armstrong Nurseries, where outside in San Diego, but at Mr. Ed. they told her they never knew it to Fletcher's it is growing in a square bloom outside in California. How­ patio with a glass roof and blooms ever, she took the risk, as the leaves from April until December. This is are beautiful. It bloomed feebly last an old climber, has been here twenty year, but this year it is full of buds years or more. Miss Sessions pre­ and beginning to bloom well. (Aug. sented a basket of flowers of this rare 28, 1935.) Its flowers were white species to Mrs. Woodrow Wilson at at first, then turned pink and darker. the time she and the President visit- Jan., 1937 T.HE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 41 ed California. On April 24, 1936, it vVhether we ever flower it outside was just beginning to bloom and said in California to our satisfaction or Mrs. Fletcher, "It will bloom from not the prospects are that some one now until next November and is will learn the secret or if it is really FULL of bloom in October. There too tropical for our climate, we can is no limit to its growth. It always at least use them gloriously in en­ seeks to lie next to the glass but can­ closed patios with glass roofs, as they not stand the heat, so I pull it down seem to have no pests or diseases. about a foot away from the immediate vicinity of the glass. I water it down Solanu.11'ls a pipe during the year, but during the The genus S olanu1n is a large one, winter I take out the furniture in the some 1,200 to 1,500 species having court, open the glass roof above, and been reported. They grow mostly in let the rain pour in so that the roots tropical and subtropical regions and get a good soaking. You can cut it some of them extend into temperate any time and it does not care. It lands. Vve may hope in the future to gave me 1,000 blooms last year. In be able to grow several more of these January I trim off every leaf in the desirable plants, especially the climb­ patio, and they soon grow, as you can ers. Like other tropical plants, they see, and it is in bloom again in three want heat and water. These Night­ or four months." It is a beautiful shades have a bad reputation, since specimen and together with a Thun­ so many of its species contain poison­ bergia grandiftom, occupies the whole ous principles, although others are ceiling and part of the sides of the valuable foods. patio. We already grow several of them The flowers are in spikes five inches as climbers which we regard highly long in the axils of the leaves. The and will be interested in seeing still calyx tube is green, 3 inches long and others introduced. Those commonly so slender that it allows the flowers to seen in our gardens are as follows: hang in graceful clusters. The petals S olam£1n Gayanum. This seems well are first white beneath, turn to a adapted to wild woodlands and parks, pinkish shade and finally deep pink and is rather drought-tolerant. Seen or almost red, and gleam among the in the Golden Gate Park, San Fran­ leaves with much beauty. cisco, and in a few gardens in Berke­ The leaves are 4 inches long by 10 ley. to 1% inches wide, oblong, acuminate Solanum jas11~inoides. The old- and have a petiole nearly half an inch fashioned Potato Vine which seems to long. They are smooth above but grow from Del Norte County to San hairy beneath, especially on the veins. Diego. Dr. Franceschi speaks of As conservatory vines) they are es­ growing it and a variegated-leaved pecially attractive and this specimen form, as well as another with "larger bloomed intermittently from June to pure white flowers, being a more pro­ December with the exception of Au­ fuse bloomer than the ordinary type." gust and November, when they were It is sold as Sola1~u1n jasminoides resting and did not bloom at all. alba. They are propagated by soft wood S olanu111, S eaf01'thianum. This, he cuttings, taken with a heel, in sand or says, "is a na6ve of Mexico and West they may be placed in a bell jar. Indies of recent introduction and bears 42 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE J an .. 1937 blue fl owers like those of S. /iV end­ into the surrounding landscape. As landii but smaller and in bunches like thus seen, it seems to belong to parks those of S. jasminoides. and woodland estates and mav be seen S ola.m£11'~ /iV endland-ii. "The grand­ in walks through the Golden Gate est of them all, from Costa Rica, is of Park from February to October if you quite recent introduction and appears happen on them in years when there to have been grown in gardens in is sun and little fog. Califo rnia before it was known in The leaves are 3 to 4 inches long Europe. \iVhen in bloom it is truly and an inch wide, long-ovate in shape a magnifi ce nt plant and the grandest of and of good texture. The fl owers blue all Solanums." in rather large bunches at the ends Dr. Franceschi published his article of the branches. Both flowers and containing this information in 1895 in leaves vary a great deal in size and "Santa Barbara Exotic Flora." There­ it is a question how to remedy this fore Solanum S eaforthiamM% and S 0- condition. It is fast-growing, wi ll re­ lanu11~ HI e1"dlan.dii were introduced sow itself at times and loves to climb into California shortly before this date. high on other plants. A good ex­ ample of this was in Golden Gate Park at Garfield Statue near the Conserva­ S Ola.1'lU1·'·', Gayamm~ Solanaceae Chile tory, where it had been grown for ten years and was the loveliest speci­ This is a scandent shrub or low men yet seen. It was in full blo0111 vine that cli mbs happily over trees on May 10, 1935, clambering over a and shrubs, holding its fl owers well dark-leaved P hillyrea '/I1edi LIm and in sight to give an intermittent show still back of that over PittosporulII of color through the spring and SU111 - c"/.(gelViowes with its yellow-green mer, and some seasons even into late leaves. fa ll. It is seldom seen in California other than in the Bay region. This The blue flowers and the yellow may be because it seems to belong leaves made a good combination. each not so much to small home grounds as enhancin g the beauty of the other. It to the broad out-of-doors of wood­ made one regret to have missed the lands and parks and is especially suit­ brighter picture a few days earlier able fo r naturalistic planting, as the when the yellow flowers of the pitto­ leaves are green and inconspicuous sporum were in blo0111. Accepting and easi ly blend into the surrounding things as they are, one wonders wheth­ landscape while the flowers, although er the li ght yellow leaves brought out a light blue in the sunshine, are al­ the color of the flowers as well as the most indigo-blue or even darker in leaves of the darker Phillyrea, which the shade. However, though the flow­ made a greater contrast. ers are dark when they first open, l\1r. Skinner, the gardener, says they are brightened materially by they do not trim the S olanll'/ll Gajw- touches of sun 011 the yellow stamens, 1Ht11'l; that it blooms for six weeks' which stand close together and offer will stand drought and frost affects i~ a fine contrast with the blue of the out in the open. It wi ll stand sun or corolla. \iVhen in bloom, the fl owers shade and a brisk wind. do much to enliven the general scene, Again we recall it climbin

trast with a bed of pink primulas background for the flowers. New down by the little brook just beyond. fl owers then come out from the axils It had startled us with its larger of the leaves of the new shoots, but leaves, as it seemed to enj oy the par­ do not all open at the same time. This tial shade, fo r we had thought of it as not only allows each flower ample a lovel: of the sun, seeking the hot­ space in which to develop properly test places on a wall or climbing trees but allows the sun and wind to play and shrubs to sway in the breeze. freely around them, a matter quite . It is evidently a little unsettled important when they are on a wall as to when to bl oo 111, as it has not that refl ects the heat. Each fl ower is been in the state long enough to be­ wheel-shaped like that of the Potato come adjusted. So fa r, records show Vine; a rich violet purple and an inch that it blooms every month excepting or more in diameter. In the center is January and December, and that it a small yellow spot and on this spot has three periods of maximum blooms, is a cluster of five yellow stamens to one in March and April, another in give a contrast of color with the dark June and July and still a third one blossoms. in October. In January and Decem­ L ike all the Solanum tribe, this ber they were not seen in bl oom in species is very free-flowering, but there any of the ten years under observa­ is a marked difference in the size of tion. This clearly indicates its love of the fl owers in different gardens, due heat and the inducement of new wood to differences in soil and culture. during the warm spells, with a mini­ Although the fruit is said to be mum growth when cold fog comes in red, it does not seem to have attracted and prevents its growth. much attention as a berried shrub, as we have so many glorious ones from In situations to its liking, it resows China that are more showy. itself but seems in no way dangerously Here is a shrub for the busy man's so. It is also reliably reported that it garden, fo r it is drought-tolerant, does will be killed if pruned too heavily not require much pruning and gives an at one time. abundance of illowers fo r a long peri od It does not have the subtropical in the Bay region, from May to frost. luxurianc e of Solanum HI endlanditi, While this plant is a favorite in all whose large fl owers seem to call for parts of California, perhaps its 1110st trellis and summer houses, gay cos­ unique use is in San Diego, where tumes and light laughter, but it seems Miss Sessions grows it as a clipped to enj oy a more free and open exist­ shrub on street parkways and de­ ence in pure air away from crowded scri bes its virtue as follows: " It has conditions. no dead leaves, no dried seed pods, needs very little water and just a little S olan~ t 7 ·n. Ra1'1tonnetii Solanaceae trimming. Keep it dry. Trim it up Blue-flowered Solal11..m.1 as a standard and it is beautiful. Get Its leaves are rather weedv look­ a young plant about two or three feet ing, about 3 inches long and a'ne inch high, head it back and keep it about wide. During the growing season, two feet wide. It blooms every day they will come out in bunches of in the year. " It seems to like San young branches growing out from the Diego soil and general climate, where axil of each leaf, which helps to hide its flowers grow to unusual size and this barren stem and give a good color. 44 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

It is also t1nusual in the manner unusual or oriental color to the scene in which it may be grown. For ex­ and he also alternated it on a wall ample, in Golden Gate Park in sandy with]asminu .71'L prin'Lulimt71'L, which de­ soil it is grown as a wide spreading cidedly brightened it up. A still other shrub of no great height, while in San plant used with it was Hall's Japa­ Diego, at Miss Schwieder's garden, nese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica it was used as a narrow climber on Halliana) at Mrs. Hamilton's on a top of a wall for about; twenty feet. pergola above the Blue-flowered Sol­ Its roots were in shade b\ut its branch­ anum. It made a very pleasing com­ es were in the sun and had the full bination. sweep of the wind from the bay. But the most amazing plant was in In order to keep it within bounds, the San Jose region at the Deciduous she "prunes it back almost to the Tree Experimental Garden, where it bone" once a year in February. It was planted among a number of other is practically .everblooming but is climbers on the side of a brick build­ rather straggly in summer. In three ing .and it scrambled upon them with­ months' time the new shoots had out other support to a height of twenty grown out three feet or a foot a month, or twenty-five feet. Vve had here­ making the total width from 4 to 6 tofore regarded it casually as one of feet, which was narrow for its height the ordinary shrubs in common use and quite an achievement. . in our gardens and here it was a As a still diff'erent treatment it may climbing plant, reaching up to get be seen in Piedmont, and in the San into the sun. Francisco region sheltered from the wind by the wall of a sunken tennis Solanum 1iVendlandii Solanaceae court. Here it was used as a climber Costa Rico Nightshade; Paradise with wide sweeping branches which Flower arched over gracefully and added Paragua y; Argentina charm to the wall. This is the loveliest species of all As we get no seed in the Bay re­ with lavender flowers 2Yz to 3 or more gion, it is propagated from half-ripe inches across in sprays eight to twelve wood under bottom heat, but to flower inches long. Not only is each in­ it must have sun and not much water. dividual flower large but its texture (Andries, propagator.) However, in is delicate, refined and most fascinat­ Southern California it is propagated ing in color. The leaves are gray, from seeds. compound and subtropical looking, In Santa Barbara it is also a fa­ making it truly appear like the tropical vorite and is used in a court as wall plant that it is. Not only that, but cover and at Jackson's as a hedge, they are heavy and should do well where it is planted near Sollya hete­ anchored to prevent their breaking rophylla as an added colore note. away from their support. As the flowers are rather gloomy Our specimen was gathered from when seen from a distance, an effort the second-story of a Sorority House was made by Ralph Stevens, at Santa in Berkeley, because those flowers Barbara, to lighten it up by planting which had been growing below were it with some brighter color. He tried not within reach, the flowers having out Lantana seUowia1W with it at San­ tempted the young ladies beyond their ta Barbara High School, giving an power to resist. It had a western Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 4S exposure but was sheltered from the California before it was known in Eu­ cold winter winds of the San Fran­ rope. When in bloom, it is truly a cisco Bay by tall trees on the far magnificent plant, and the grandest of side of the lot. In this region, Para­ all Solanums." On my first visit to dise flowers are essentially sun lovers Santa Barbara in 1912, this Paradise for in fog or damp weather they drop . Flower was everywhere apparent, their flowers one by one and even the largely about the Mexican and Spanish leaves become badly mildewed. It houses. They seemed to be growing was watered by seepage from the without any special care and were a lawn. decidedly fine color-note with the white houses. On my last visit, they The leaves are compound, coarse were conspicuous by their absence. and of various shapes and sizes, the One looked in vain for many that upper ones being simple and rather had cheered us on our numerous for­ small, but the lower ones are larger, mer visits and had to admit that they as much as eight inches long, and may were decidedly fewer in town. In have from three to five leaflets. On talking about this to Mr. Verhelle, of the underside are curved prickles with the City Nurseries, he gave me a which the plant climbs or scrambles probable explanation, as follows; {( S 01- over other shrubs. These leaves are an~~111, We11dlalldii is one of our finest usually a gray-green and decidedly so vines. It drops its leaves and blooms. when touched by fog or mildew. The It gets its growth with ample water mild winters of late years has brought and you should give it water even if to the gardens of the Bay region large it loses its leaves and then keep it dry numbers of these charming plants, to get an abundance of bloom. They where they flourish and even suck­ lose their leaves when overwatered." ered. However, our 1932-33 freeze It is possible that the newcomers in cut most of them to the ground and Santa Barbara, not knowing the re­ we noticed that those that came back quirements of the plants, killed them were on well-drained soil and above by ove.rwatering them. It is also the lowest places in the garden. Those known that they are injured by root that were in the direct path of the rot and nematodes. (J. A. Gooch.) cold north wind did not generally sur­ At San Diego you will be interested vive. in Miss Session's description of cul­ These are fast-growing plants and ture and use of this plant. "It is de­ gross feeders and should then be well ciduous, but late in dropping its leaves. fertilized to enable them to keep up It begins to bloom in June and blooms that fine display of flowers and their until nearly winter. It grows readily succulent leaves. from cuttings in late spring when it From Santa Barbara we have good should be pruned. It needs severe reports. Dr. Franceschi, in 1895, thus prunings in late spring, say March wrote in his "Santa Barbara Exotic and April, because the flowers come Flora"; "The genus Solanum, to on the new growth. It grows and which the ordinary potato belongs, blooms and grows and blooms inces­ contributes to our gardens three first­ santly, differing from almost all other rate climbers. The grandest of them, vines in this respect except Solanum S 01anU111, Wendtandii, from Costa jaS11'Linoides. Snails love it. It will Rica, is of quite recent introduction grow more than ten feet high, but it is and appears to have been grown in better kept down to ten feet, as it 46 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE JaIl., 1937 is so very heavy that it is impracticable may be due either to rot or root dam­ to allow it to grow too high." age. This becomes ~ pparent w~en the plant is in a peri od of sluggIsh " It is desirable t o grow over walls growth. This may be the reason for or to lie on the top of large pergolas its di sappearance in the Mexican gar­ or on a division fence ; is very coarse dens in Santa Barbara that you men­ and heavy and should have a strong tion." It blooms from March to frost. support. It is sometimes trained up over windows and doors and wIll grow in any situation, but thrives best Staunto ilia h e~-rap hy lla Lardizabalaceae in the sun." Six-leaved Stauntoni a Japan In order to learn how it is treated Although the common name Six­ in the inland towns some distance leaved Stauntonia would indicate that from the sea, like Ontari o, Califo rnia, the leaflets are in sixes, such is not you may turn to Mr. J. A;, Gooch's always the case with the specimens notes, written on request. S OlanU1% in this region. They are more likely Wendlandii requires good soil of a to be in fi ves, or some number other iai rly heavy texture, and1f thoroughly than six. This species is not common fertilized several times a year, it will in this state as we have only seen make a very strong growth. The it in Berkeley, Beverly Hills, H olly­ foli aCTe is much richer if the plant is b . wood, Monrovia, O ntario, San Fran­ given plenty of food. ThIs plant cisco and Santa Barbara. It is said seems to enjoy a fairly shady loca­ to be hardv in \iVashington, D. c., tion in our vicinity, although nearer and one of their best evergreen climb­ the coast it grows in full sun . In ers in favored spots. It is also said the shade it can be grown in combina­ to be well adapted to the soil and cli­ ti on with Fatsia japonica, A ucuba, and mate of the gulf states, including plants of a similar nature. One of Florida, where it is sometimes grown t he most interesting uses is twining but not co ml11 on enough to haye been it through grille work on a Spanish included in NI r. Harold l\.J owry's "Or­ type house. In this location it grew namental V ines." It was introduced over the iron grille and up to a bal­ early into Santa Barbara, as Dr. Fran­ cony on the second story, making a ceschi mentions it in hi s "E xotic plant about 18 feet in height. Plants of Santa Barbara," published "The main drawback to Paradi se in 1895, where he says, "it is still Flower is its tendency to die back rare." A t that time the Southern during the winter months when the California Accli matizing Association weather becomes too cold, even though was selling it as pot plants at $1.00 the plant does not freeze. At tem­ each, but in the 1908 catalogue it is peratures of around 24 degrees, the not even li sted, proving that it had plant seems to be damaged somewhat not become well known in that city. but would not be killed until the tem­ One reason fo r th is may be because perature became somewhat lower. It they are slow to become established. will withstand dry air but burns bad­ H owever, once they get a start they ly in the hot sun in Ontario. are fast-growing, as seen in the one " Paradi se Flower, in common with from cuttings in Golden Gate Park mos t of the nightshade group, is sub­ made from pieces gathered from the ject to nematode infestati on and the Mr. Anson Blake specim en and now dying back during the winter months more than haH as tall as its mother ] a n., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 47 plant, in a very short time. It is We like this plant for its elegant growing well in sandy soil, as well as subtropical leaves with their rich, in garden loam and does not seem dark-green color. We do not like to particular as to soil. have the flowers hide under the leaves The leaves are handsome, light and we would appreciate thei r bloom­ green when young, but eventually are ing longer. a rich dark green, unless they need Althougl1 this plant has been in cul­ fertili zi ng, when they turn a yellow­ tivation in the state for forty years, it green. They respond to good feed­ (loes not seem to be as well known ing and soon again assume a good as it deserved, as it is very attractive dark color. In England the late \ iV m. for its fo liage alone and could be used Robinson speaks of this "sickly yel­ where a tall, fast-growing plant is low" in the leaves as having been needed, as over a pergola, twining caused by dry soil and too much sun. on chains, as rosettes, at sides of tall That may be, but the leaves turn and wide buildings, and in the various that sickly yellow here even when shady situations that call for shade­ the plant is in the shade. tolerant plants. The fl owers are white with a pink­ ish cast and come out in bunches of Stephanotis ftoribwnda Asclepiadaceae 12 to 15 fl owers, each flower with Madagascar Jasmine Madagascar a pedicel as long as itself. Six-leaved An evergreen climber that can be Stauntonia is 40 to 50 feet tall at used out of doors in southern Cali­ Mr. A nson Blake's and 25 feet tall fornia in frostless belts and will be­ at the Golden Gate Park, San Fran­ come quite popular as it is better Cl SCO. A t A rthur Letts' it made a knowL1. It will grow either in the good screen. It is climbing a tree at sun or the shade, but in the latter Golden Gate Park and when grown case it is apt to have a black mildew. for its subtropical effect it should be Its nal1le comes from Stephane, a allowed to spread over a wide space, crown ; and otos, an ear, referring to such as the si des of an exposi.tion the ear-like processes on the crown building. of the stamens. Onta·rio. Not in bloom April, 1936. "Its large leaves are more leathery DISTRIBUTION in semi-shade." (Frank Smythe.) It is seen in various places; In Pa­ Bevedy Hills. The plant was 12 cific Bench it is growing in Miss Ses­ feet tall, the new leaves being much sions' garden on the west side of the lighter than the old ones, a fact that house, "in the teeth of the wind; it might alter your decision as to what to grows like a pig weed and must not plant with it for spring effect, and be planted too deep." what to plant for fall effect with its dark green leaves. The scales about In Sa·n. Diego, at Miss Schwieder's, new shoots or about about a leaf and it is growing on the north side of the a flower-cluster are very prominent house and though only five to six and there may be as many as six or years old, is five feet tall and in bloom, eight, the outer ones thick and shin­ showing that it is fast-growing. ing, the inner ones thinner and li ghter In Santa Bct'rbam, it is successful. A in color, showing that mother nature leading landscape architect declare~ took good care of her young, tender that it "is going to lead all others parts. as a fragrant summer-flowering vine 48 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 when it becomes more available, as it gust 1, and blooms until November has style and sophistication." (Oct., or December. 1932, Santa Barb(J)ya Gardene·r.) In S a11ta Monica, Mr. Hugh Evans It occupied the whole side of a reports that "it does quite well in a house where it had the morning sun protected place and should be more and was grown up to and along a planted than it is in situations free balcony in four years. Indeed, it from hard frost. The blooms are ex­ grew so fast that it had to be taken tensively used in the east and in Eu­ down to have some painting done. rope for cut flower work." In this place it was combined with At La Habra, Orange County, Mr. Star Jasmine (Trachelospenm~ jas­ J. A. Gooch reports "This plant is rwino.£des) and with Azores Jasmine doing well in frostless locations in (J asm.inw111 azoricu11'I,) clipped to a low Orange County, where it withstands shrub at its feet. Associated with it temperatures as high as one hundred were also other white flowered shrubs, degrees. I have seen it in bloom as mentioned in the January, 1936, there in August. The seed pods seem NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGA­ to form during the late summer and ZINE under Oxera of the noted all fall months, and I have seen a plant white house and garden. with many seed pods on it during Mr. James, of Las Positas Nursery, the first week in November. These reports that they are very subject to pods are a dull green, somewhat the black scale and mealy bug, and are same color as the foliage and they pop irregular in their blooming period. open and release the seeds which are In cool, foggy summers, it blooms all carried by an umbrella-like structure summer and fall into January or Feb­ similar to that on Oleanders, dande­ ruary, but this summer, with less lions, etc. I believe that the plant fog and more heat, it is not bloom­ can· be grown in full sun along the ing so late, though the bloom he did coast but requires shade in the in­ have was much heavier than when it terior. A plant of this species is blooms over a longer period. He growing over a patio arcade in La does not fertilize them. At Mr. Deer­ Habra in Orange County." ing's it is on the north side of a house Berkeley. Hard as it is to believe, and trained about a window encircled this plant is growing outside in Berke­ by a treillage. At Mr. Orpet's it was ley. It is in a court at Mr. Edwin in bloom July 25th. Mr. Verhelle, Blake's, under the pergola section and of the City Nursery, adds the caution with slight protection from above, that Miss Sessions has already given but has not yet bloomed to my knowl­ that "it must not be planted too deep. edge. It needs partial shade in Santa Bar­ The second instance is at Mr. Dun­ bara and should be planted up the hill can McDuffie's, where the plant is in the subtropical belt. In this city growing on the western side of the there is a frost belt ten to fifteen feet house and when last seen was well in deep and it is foolish to plant this bud on Oct. 13, 1935. It is on a wall tender climber in that frost belt." that gives reflected heat but is partly At Jackson's it is on the west side screened by other vines that prevent of a court where it gets the afternoon it from being a scorching heat. sun. In bloom August 30, 1934. The There may be other instances of gardener says it begins to bloom Au- the Madagascar Jasmine being grown Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 49 outside in California that have not in September, 1934, in Franceschi been called to our attention. We shall Park, where it was leaning against a hope to hear from them. fence with its branches hanging down. You will notice the large flowers of It was in full bloom, the flowers simi­ pearly white texture in great bunches, lar to those of S. C'iliat~£11"' ; the leaves each flower about an inch wide with were not so handsome though they 5 petals and a tube that is inflated at were larger. the base. The leaves are of a leathery dark Stigmaphyllon ciliat~wn Malpighiaceae green texture and are a good foil for Orchid Vine; Butterfly Vine; Bra­ the flowers. Can you picture some zilian Golden Vine white pergola posts entwined by South America Madagascar Jasmine, as it sweeps Orchid Vine is known to have been round and round in wide classical grown in the state for fifty years, as spirals or festooned about a light wall Dr. Franceschi said it was introduced in French fashion? about 1880. It is not yet at all com­ "As a pot plant in the conservatory mon, although it will grow outside 111 it may be grown in the same pot for frostless reglOl1S on the coast 111 many years if given manure water, Southern California; otherwise it IS green cow manure, or fertilizers, such grown inside in greenhouses. It is as Clay's soft-coal soot, a handful to 25 to 30 feet tall, 20 feet wide and 2~ gallons of water. They should must be supported. A treillage is bet­ be watered twice between each applica­ ter for this than a chicken wire, which tion with pure water. Or you can would allow it to twine in and out fertilize once a month with Gaviota, through its meshes and interfere with a complete fertilizer, or pigeon ma­ i.ts pruning, which is quite an im­ nure liquid. (Mr. J. J. Budd.) He portant matter and is not yet well un­ especially stresses the fact that mealy derstood for this species. When in bug is a pest that must be sprayed bloom it covers daintily with its frequently; watch and spray it before orchid-like flowers and heart-shaped it has become well established or it leaves that are ciliate on the margin will be difficult to eradicate." and on every vein. Mr. Ross, of Rust Nursery, states Its flowers are well worth close in­ that Stephanotis fioribunda was plant­ spection. They are a clear yellow, ed out of doors quite frequently forty resemble an orchid, are about an years ago, but now it is rarely seen, inch across, with five roundish petals showing the change of fashions, or is slightly ruffled on the edges, two of the climate changing? which are larger than the other three, each petal with a long claw that al­ Stigmaphyllon lows the stamens to be plainly seen, or There are said to be over 50 spe­ at least you can see the leaf-like ap­ cies of Stigmaphyllon in tropical pendages which are the stigmas. This America and we may therefore look peculiar feature has given the name with eagerness for further introduc­ to the genera, meaning stigma leaf. tions into California gardens. The flowers are frail and easily drop Stigmaphyllon littO?'ale was intro­ their petals but they are soon renewed duced into Santa Barbara in 1906 and by new ones that grow from this was still growing there and in bloom year's wood, or since there are five '50 THE NATIO lAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 or SIX in the same cluster they can­ tober, and then heat again. This might not all develop at the same time and indicate that it likes heat in a shady part of them are retarded to bloom situation with its roots cool. \Ve pay a little later. It is in bloom for two little or no attention to watering so to fo ur months "in summer" and had always imagined that it preferred then again with scattering fl owers two a well-drained, dry place. However, or three times a year. my gardener tells me its roots no It is generally consi dered medium­ doubt run a very long distance for growing, but it is quite fast in some ample water. Its length of bloom is locations. For example, at Reeyes therefore at least two months and if N ursery it grew six fee t in 1 Y;; years the weather is to its liking it will run from cuttings of fresh wood early in on t o three and one-half months, as the season. It is considered tender now. In winter and also at other but stands down to 22 degrees at O n­ odd times, we get scattering blooms tario. if it is warm. P rune on ly to keep it within bounds " It grows very slowly and is most and to cut off the dead wood which "choosey" so that anyone who can soon gathers and looks untidy when get the first spindling vine-shoot to out of bloom and leafless . Pruning keep green and healthy, has achieved becomes a seri ous matter to one who something and wi ll seldom wish to has managed to grow a seedling experiment with more than one, un­ through its spindling youth to a less it dies! good old age and has therefore learned "As to where itl.ooks best. I can­ to appreciate it after devoting so not think of any place more spectacu­ much tender care to its upbringing lar than mine in full bloom. a yellow and to mature charm, for, as Mrs. waterfa ll from eaves of the house, two Hazard says, you would never want to stori es hi gh, to three feet from the try to raise another one and would be ground. with a spread of twenty feet. afraid ' to prune drastically fo r fear of At its base are thickly planted white killing it. anemones. For many years these hid As the oldest and largest one we the lower twiggy bare part of the vine know is in Santa Barbara it seems which is ugly. If I were not afraid best to give the results of an inter­ of ki lling it I should try laying the view with the owner, Mrs. Hazard : whole vine onto the ground and pa­ "As to its common name, we some­ tiently cutting out much of the old times call it Orchid Vine, but usually wood. I would suggest to one who just Stigmaphyllon. \Vhat exposure? is planting a new one to try pruning It is planted here on the northeast back much of the older wood every fo r shade. No bloom is more abun­ year. This may remove the ugly part, dant than it, when at its best. It has so prominent. In any case, it is so its heaviest fl owering in April and beautiful in fo liage and bloom tha't I part of May. This year it has been can easily forget and fo rgive the ba're blooming again freely from Sept. 10th part. Daintily grown loose shrubs of ::>r earlier, until now, December 1, 3 or 4 feet in height at the base of the 1936, though its heaviest bloom was vine may be successful for looks. As probably in October. However, we mine is on a dry, ve ry narrow space have had a great deal of really hot on the edge of a wall fourteen inches weather, with one heavy rain in Oc- high, climbing and spreading on a Jan .. 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 51

I,V. C. M attheZC's Stig'l/laphylioll ciliatlllll 52 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 wood lattice and only on one place was very beautiful at the side of his allowed (on a wire) to go up to the lath house, and we would appreciate roof, there is only place to let the seemg it more widely planted out­ Japanese Anemones grow as they side. please-very lovely, and the water is forgotten most of the time. Streptosolen ] mnesoni'i Solonaceae "As we have no killing frost on our Jameson's Streptosolen hill and at this spot no frost heavy Colombia; Ecuador enough to more than blacken sensitive The gay Streptosolen is a plant of ground shrubs, I have never seen the many uses, due to its rich color, its Stigamaphyllon misbehave. ""rind from long blooming season, its drought tol­ north or northeast can occasionally be erant qualities and its cultural require­ very strong and hits this Orchid Vine very hard. But it only beats about ments. and does not break off. No doubt This speCImen was particularly blooms would Gome off, but it always handsome as it grew in Berkeley on has a lot of tight buds. Or maybe a hillside with a western exposure, the wind comes when there is no where we could look out over to the bloom on the vine. Golden Gate and past the new site "The flowers attract ants, as there of the 1939 Exposition, the ground is a clear honey in them, but they have of which we can see in the making no odor at all. We have never seen just east of Buena Vista Island and any red fruit on this vine which has the two new bridges that seem to have been here over thirty-two years." pushed up out of the sea. Strepto­ (Mrs. E. N. Hazard.) solen was leaning against a brown shingled house in company with Lan­ On~ has been wondering why so tana ca1'i'lara, or its hybrid, and was in beautiful a long-lived plant was not a well-drained position. This drain­ more grown in the state, but Mrs. age is important, for this plant is more Hazard has probably stated at least or less drought-tolerant. We know one reason in its long, spindling stage of one instance in Santa Barbara when it was apt to die. Another where it was entirely killed by too reason would be its tenderness to heat much water from the lawn. This fact and cold. More of it was seen in must be borne in mind in selecting the Santa Barbara than any other town best situation for its growth, for it but we saw it only in Beverly Hills, wants the sun and perfect drainage. Hollywood, Oakland, Lakeside Park In frostless situations it is everbloom­ in conservatory, Ontario. Laguna ing, even a winter bloomer alonCT the Beach, under lath, Ontario, San Fran­ . b coast m Southern California, and will cisco Golden Gate Park conservatory, bloom inland "in the winter as far as Santa Barbara, San Diego and Santa Pasadena if given a warm wall." (Miss Monica. Hoak.) It is grown inland also as It may be grown from cuttings and far as Riverside and in the San Fran­ even roots in water. cisco Bay region as far as Hills­ . Mr. Barnhart believes in pruning bOf0ugh, where it was growing well at It, for he said, "Cut it off and let it ~r. W. H. Crocker's estate, though ?loom." Mr. Riedel also says that it It was protected by an overhead IS benefited to be cut down once in shelter. In regions where there is a while and let it come up again. It more or less frost, as in sections of Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE S3

vV. C. Matthews Streptosolen J amesonii 54 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

Berkeley, it will bloom from spring that you cannot see the leaves. It is (March ) until stopped by frost. trimmed in late fall, but if it is pruned It is rather rapid in growth but at the wrong time, that is, after the does not attain the size that we would new growth has come out, then there naturally expect from a plant from will be no fl owers, as they grow on South America, but it will grow twen­ new wood." ty-five feet or more along a protected From R. T. Stevens, landscape brick wall. It is more often cut down architect in Santa Barbara, we ob­ to shrub size and has even been made tained the fo llowing notes: "Strepto­ into hedges. solen]a11 w s011ii is a sprawling shrub, A spray of the fl owers will show rather graceful and easy to work in, at the same ti me the yellow buds with except fo r the brightness of the fl ow­ ye llow tubes which gradually assume ers. Propagated by cuttings in Oc­ an orange tint an d then the upper tober, and by layers. It is always side of the limb of an older fl ower, kept and sold in pots. Likes full sun which turns quite red in streaks as it which is best for the flower develop­ matures. It is a hard color to com­ ment. P rune off the year-old fl ower­ bine with other fl owers, since it is ing stalks. The flowers are mostly brilliant, but we were cl uite delighted on this summer's growth. It clips with an embankment on the grounds well. Vv'ill make a heavy vine, a of the University of California at leaning shrub or a flat . sprawling Berkeley, where it was used in front shrub, or a ground cover between tall of Cape Plumbago (Plwnbago capell­ shrubs. Used along walks and drives sis) that was climbing some Pitto­ but used alone. sjloTum ~mdulatu.17'l. The color of the "Early drought-resistant. Likes heat plumbago was heightened by the and moisture, no wind, cold or smoke. proximity and the Streptosolen itsel£ The best culture is to give plenty of took on a more subdued color. water and heat up to fl owering time, In frostless Belvedere, near San and then starve to induce flowers. A Francisco, it was seen climbing a tree good, sandy loam is best. If used in partial shade, though it loves better with other colors, they should be yel­ to be in the sun. As it did not climb low or red. or possibly with blues as very high, it added its orange-red Solall u'/Il rallto lll1 etii, Dlfra11ta Pl-U111·i­ effect to the trunks of the trees rather eri ( now D . rejlclls of B ortus), 10clI- than to the branches above. Vve 1'01M and Sollya heterophylla. It is would hardly expect to see so bril­ fin e for covering rocks (when moist), liant a fl ower in a naturalistic setting, winter gardens generally, edge of but the eff ect was quite charming, as lawn, for tropical effects, urns and it gave the needed color to an other­ tubs, over low walls or terraces, moist wise somber corner of the garden. slopes and banks. Much used as a pot In San Diego, Steptosolen was used plant in conservatori es. It has to be on an embankment in company with cut back every year in Southern Cali­ L antana CGII1'taTa. They bloom at dif­ fornia." ferent seasons and thus kept this bank a blaze of color all the year. At Miss Tllllllbergia gralldiflora Acanthaceae Schwieder's garden, it was full of Eky-flower; Bengal Clock Vine bloom on a south exposure of the India ; Burma house and nine feet tall. " It will be This handsome species was named so full of bloom later, say in May, after Karl Thunberg, a botanist who Jan" 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE ss

died in 1828. T. grandiftora was in­ Vines," that it blooms summer and troduced into England in 1820, eight winter. years after hi s death and therefore It is very fast-grow ing but choice, soon after it was dis·covered and whi ch requires a warm, sheltered named. It must have bee n introduced place in a more or less frostless belt, into California some time after that, though it wi ll stand a little frost as it as it is not mentioned in the \ Valker is growing outside in Berkeley on the Catalogue of 1860-61 nor among the western exposure of the Mr. A nson list of plants exhibited at the F irst Blake residence, where it has grown and bloomed for several years. It A nnual Exhibit of the Bay District do es not bloom all the time there, H orticultural Society in A ugust, 1871. naturally. but it does have quite In 1895, Dr. Franceschi mentions it in a long blooming season. his "Santa Barbara Exotic F lora" as It grows we ll at San Diego, but fo llows: "Special notice must be made occasionally is ki lled by frost even of the most beautiful Thul'Ibc'rgia there. :\1iss Sessions speaks dispar­ grandifto1'a, from India. being per­ agingly of its dirty fl owers and at pectly hardy. The vigor with which Santa Barbara, a man said, " I have to it grows and the beauty of its light hi re a man to pick off old dead fl ow­ blue fl owers are not easily fo rgot­ ers every day. Now one begins to see ten when once seen." VIle would thus why every garden in town does not expect to find it in the frost less belt display this plant. It is too fast­ rather up the hill from the lower busi­ growi ng for the smaller lots and It IS ness section of town and in the better too much work to prune and take residential district. It has beautiful care of its fl owers. blue fl owers 20 to 3 inches across. But if you want to see a magnificent \Vhen young, these fl owers come out specimen, step into the enclosed court in pairs, one a little ahead of the of M r. Ed. F letcher's place in San other, but as the plant becomes older Diego, and look at the plant that oc­ it may have as many as 5 or more cupies half of the court with the of those magnificent fl owers in full pleasing Q~ ( isqualis 'indica, described sight in race mes above the green earlier in this paper. Mrs. Fletcher leaves. The fin est specimen we have takes much pride in it, though it is seen is on the Dater place, now Lud­ a great deal of work and also expen­ ington's, where it is on an iron rail­ sive to keep in good condition, She ing about the swimming pool. It was said, " I cut it in J anuary, It had in bloom J anuary 4, 1927, and made 500 bl ooms last year, five fl owers an unforgettable picture in connection co ming on a raceme at once, though with the water and the colored tiles in it begins blooming one fl ower at a the background. It was seen in many ti me, It is evergreen, Drops honey other places about town at different from the mealy bugs and one must seasons of the year and were so love­ wo rk hard to keep it clean, fo r they ly that we wondered why every gar­ are a nUl sance, \Ve trim both vines den in town did not grow it. It is in January and take off every leaf long-blooming and will bloom every in the patio," It also gets the win­ day excepting when the weather turns ter rain when the roof of the patio is cold. That seems to be a better opened up and the rain is allowed to record than Florida, where Mr. Har­ fall in and reach every part of the old Mowry states in his "Ornamental roots in the ground below the flo or. 56 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE J an., 1937

W. C. Matthews Thunbergia gTa17diftom alba Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE S7

Such care of this plant shows an This plant is growing out of doors intelligent and hard-working little in Berkeley on an almost frostless hill­ gardener. Do you still wonder why side. Its leaves are coarse and harsh this plant is not more used in Califor­ to the touch and have the same gen­ nia gardens? eral appearance as some of our com­ mon vegetable leaves, such as those Thtm,bergia gra.mdiflora alba of the squash, the resemblance being White sky-flower in the t ext ·~w e but not in the shape. This is the white flowered form This point does not show up in the of T. grandiflora. Its leaves are about photograph, which happened to be as broad as they are long, 5 inches made from a plant grown in the green­ or more, shallow lobed between its house that was in bloom at the time, points, 5 to 7 -nerved with petioles 2 while the one on the outside was not inches long and almost winged. in flower. At any rate, in spite of The flowers are white, 30 to 4 its lovely flowers, Thungergia grandi­ inches in diameter, with two green flora var. alba is not a favorite in this bracts nearly covering the broad tube state on account of its plebeian ap­ of the corolla but leaving the spread­ pearance and rasping leaves. When ing limb in full sight. The mouth of grown in the greenhouse, its leaves the tube is a dainty yellow. The four lose a great deal of this roughness stamens and the stigma are crowded which the plant assumes as a protec­ together in a narrow angle of the tion from the cold and also as an in­ tube, which can distinctly be seen on heritance from one of its ancestors. It the outside. grows well outside in full sun. 58 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE ] an., 1937

Lilia/l A . (;1tenlsey [See page 84 ] C)lt is'ttS sup i nus Veronicas

AGNES C. DARROW

The family of Veronica or Speed­ Except where noted, all are hardy well is large and varied. Some are perennials. They are practically all distinctly weeds and not worth a place sun-loving-and will thrive in or­ in the garden. Bailey lists distinct dinary soil. They are suitable for species of herbaceous veronicas and borders, rock gardens, and edgings Reginald Farrer tells about .those which and for walls and crevices in terraces are suitable for rock gardens. Mr. and walks. Better plant growth and Maxwell feels that the word veronica finer blooms will be obtained by al­ should not have the accent on the sec­ ways cutting the flower stalks as they ond syllable, but on the third, the begin to fade-except, of course, vowel "I" being s'Ounded as in "ra­ where seed is desired. vine"-namely Ver 0 ni' ca. This may In most of the larger families, the take a little practice. species and varieties sometimes are All of the veronicas are herbaceous confused. So it is with the veronicas. except those native to New Zealand, Austriaca is very similar to multi­ where they have developed into a flow­ fida-but blooms a little later. V. f1'uc­ ering shrub, some of which are quite ticulosa is a V. sa%atilis but not all V. beautiful. English gardeners have ex­ sa%atilis belong under V. fnKticu.losa. perimented with these and find that And so it goes-but unless we are most of ' them do well only in the going to be specialists in veronicas milder sections and preferably near the we are more interested in what the sea. V. Traversii does well in Kew varieties will do for our gardens and Gardens and might be tried in certain where they are best planted. parts of America having similar cli­ V. C ha111,aed1'Ys, or Germander mate. Mr. Herbert MaxV\-ell says Speedwell, will grow anywhere, but that the V. speciosa is a very su­ is fine for the border, sending up perior evergreen shrub, growing from epect dumps, from a creeping base four to five feet tall and blooming and hairy broad heart-shaped leaves. from midsummer to frost. The blos­ V. filifonnis may be a dangerous soms are in racemes and vary in color pest or a great boon. It threatens from rose and cream to a lovely deep strong plants in its rampant growth. blue. These grow well in the gar­ But it also makes a splendid ground dens at Lynmouth and Lynton and cover. Its fo liage is a yellowish green, so should do well in our own N orth­ forming a dense mat, which in the west. They may be propagated from early spring is covered with fl ower cuttings or seed. They are surely cups of pale, milky blue. It prefers worth a trial, as well as some other a light porous soil rather than one of the shrubby New Zealanders. too stiff. Although it will thrive in But since there is more or less un­ hot, dry, parched sections, it grows certainty about them, the accompany­ and looks better during a . wet season. ing chart deals only with the better In especially good weather it may be varieties of the herbaceous species. treated as grass-clipped or even run 60 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., IlJ37

over with a lawn mower! In some tions. I think this is due to damp­ places V. filifon1~is is called V. se1'­ ness rather than the actual cold and pyllifolia, but this does not seem to be may be prevented by using a sandy correct. ' soil. I have fo und it difficult to grow V. gentian-oides is another easy one from seed-having more success with to grow and one useful as a groun d div'ision. But I now feel that when cover, growing in any soil and any lo­ once established it is best to let it cation, even in some shade. It is alone. It is worth several attempts. not evergreen. In lVlay it is covered There are vari eties V. incal1a ca ndidis­ with large, lovely .blue flowers, borne sima and V. incana glau,w also. on foot-high spikes. It is suggested V. longifolia, the iVlaritime or Beach that it be planted among Tuli pa mar­ Speedwell, is one of t he handsomest joletti or any of the paler tulips, of the family. It has been extensive­ ~lSll1g it instead of forget-me-nots. ly hybridized and American breeders There are many varieties of it, includ­ are still working on it. The hybri­ ing patlida, alba, pallidifiom, steno­ dized varieties are often handsomer ph},zla and foliis va1'iegatis, which is than the parent. V. longifolia sub­ one of the earliest to bloom. sessilis, the Japanese variety, is ex­ V. inwlw, because of its beautiful tremely handsome. Try planting it silvery foliage and upright spikes of with L 1:z,iu.11~ speciosu1'n. Besides the rich blue flowers is much in demand. varieties given in the chart, we also It does winter-kill in the colder sec- have V. lOl1g-ifolia alba, about one to

BOTANICAL NAME COIIUWN NAME COLOR FLOWERS FOLIAGE Veronica. aLpinu(' Alp ine Speedwell . Blue 0 1" violet Small. Often solitary Elliptic- entire or I dentate Ve'fOl1ica ((,rmena I Dark blue Small in spires FinelY divided. Dark, evergreen Ve1'otrl.icc& A 'Us t1"iaca Austrian Speedwell Blue Showy racemes E rect plan ts Vero'l1Ji.c" Ghwma,ed,'Ys Angel's or B il'dls Blue Large in loose 3' to 6' Narrow, pubescent. slen­ eye Speed well racemes der bra nches 1 %" long Veronic" /iti/olil' Wliite--blue·vei ned 4·8 la"-f1d . Srender Sessile. Stems erect. racemes pubescent. Veronic" /iii/onnis Blue 01' white Bell -li ke on tlll"ead·like amall , ovate obtuse. Light axil1al'Y stems green. Eyergreeu Ve1·o'Yllica. i''J'utic'llZosa Rock Speedwell Pu rplish blue Erect spike-like racemes Leaves lA, "-% " long . En­ tire or Sil bcrena te Vel'onica. gentiwno idJ es Gentian-lea;ved Light blue with dark E rect spik es on lea fy, Glossy. smooth in Speedwell streaks ha iry stems rosettes Vero1'lu.'u i nc a1'l u I-Ioa.ry or woolly Cleal' blue Small in slender spikes. Downy gray foli age Speedwell ] "-3" long Ve1'011r1Ca. longifolia Pink long-leaved Pink Profuse in spikes Good foli age val', '1'08ea Speedwell V eronic(l, /ongijotia, S ubsessile lo.ng­ Deep blue-purple Small in long dense Showy plant of forked Va l', s'l.lJbsessilis leaved vel'oni ca spikes branches Veronica Lonyifolis D eep lilac Numerous in tall racemes Lal'ge--narl'ow lea yes vat. villosa V "'onica multi/ida, Cut-leaf Speedwell Medium Llu e Racemes 2-4 axill ary Fine. narl'ow-deeply cu t Bright green Ve'1'owica, 0 fficinalis Co mmon Speedwell Light blu e Small- few. In spires Broad. eyergreen leaves Veronici' paniculata Ba,starel Speed well Deep blue Small on long racernes Narrow clumps. Nan'ow dark grpen Veronica peduncula ris Long-stem Speed well ,Vhite Soli tary. large on long Thin-ovat.e sharp­ stems toothed lea yes V erO?l ica, 1Jectinata Comb Speedwell Deep blue-white eye R ecames on ascending Gray, woolly lea yes 1h " bran ches long V e?'onica, repens Creeping Speedwell Palest blue Few on racemes 1\1 inute deep green leaves Cup-shaped Veronicn 1"upestris Rock Speedwell Ji)eep a,zure blue Racemes erect Narrow. da rk eye t"green Veronrica sa.tu-reioides Savory Speedwell Blue Small on short racemes SlPall. evergreen round leaves-4 ranked VeronWl' saxatilis L edge Speedwell Light blue Clu sters in spires D31·k. glossy on woody ~ tem~ Verol1rica spicata Spike-flo wered Clear blue-pul'ple E r ecl spire of dense Lanceola te, crena teo Speedwell bloom downy 1"-2" long V eronica T eucrium Hungaria n Speedwell Clear blue Thickly f1 0weFed racemes Ovate to lanceolate V ero rnfica Vit"o i'nic{(' Virginia Speedwell White or palest blue Tail spikes of t iny Whorls of 5·7 Culver's Root flowers J a n. , 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 61

one and a half fee t tall and var. glauca, in the soil , thus spreading rapidly with glaucous blue foliage and rich either in sun or half shade. It is purple fl owers. A ll vari eties of lo'ng'i­ valuable as a ground cover under fotia are best placed in t he border. trees, or used in the joints of steps The long spikes of bloom are fine fo r or rock wall. The blue fl owers are cutting. small and Mr. Hamblin feels that the O ne of the nicest veronicas fo r the scarcity of bloom is all that keeps this dry wall is V. 1'J11. 1, ~ l tifi da. It has fi ne, veronica from being the most popular grass-like fo liage and makes a loosely of evergreen rock perennials. Yet bet­ trailing, feathery growth. T he fl ow­ ter growers have fo und the slender ers of chicory blue are borne on stems racemes densely fl owered. T ry it! fo ur 'to six inches long. It wi ll thrive V. pallJicnlata, or amethysti17a, or in poor soil, even in dry hot weather sp~wia , 'bears narrow, dark green, and is surely one of the very choice toothed leaves on slender, erect stems veronicas. which sometimes attain ten feet . Each Ve1'onica 0 jficinal'is, a native of both stem has several racemes of flowers. hemfspheres, has much in its favor. It T he plant, though graceful, is a bit grows in forests and on mountains, is fl oppy and requires staking. T here is of easiest cLllture and has a long an even more-branched variety called blooming period. The broad leaves V. pGJl11cu,lata elegans. are practically evergreen. T he plants V. pedu.ncula1'1S is very hardy and growing close to the ground take root very easy to grow. The fo liage is

PROPAGATION · NEEDS HABITAT HEIGHT BLOO~IS COMBINAT ION8 Diyision in Spring Ordinary soil n1ts. of Europe, Asia 2 " ·6" Other t iny rock and America plants Seed Gritty soil. Open loca­ E urope 2 " PI'ostrate May-June Cl'evices with t,ion. D ry in winter. mats Saponaria Seed or division Goo d soil. Sun . S.E , Europe, l\sia 1 %'·2' July...Aug . White phlox D ivision Ga l'd en soil in sun N. Europe Caucasu s, 1'-1%' May·J u ne Among late iris Syria, Canaries D ivision Good soil. Sun Caucasus 6" Early summer

Seed. Divis ion. An­ Moisture Asia lIfinor F lat mats April-May GTound cover 01' as nual 01' perennial a lawn Division 01' seed Su u. Any good so il lifts. of Em'ope 01' 41/·5" Mid May Border or edging Greenland Thick mats Late June . plant Division after Sun 0 1' shade. Any W et Alpine fields. %'-2' April·May Cover fo r bare spots blooming soil. Moisture S.E·. E urope anywhere Divisi on Garden soil. S un S.W. Europe. N. 1 '-1 %' June-JuLY Edging for peren­ Africa nial border Division or cuttings Su n. Ga rden soil Europe 2'-3' J une-July BOl'del' D ivision Sun. Rich loamy soil Japa n 2'-3' . Aug.-Sept . . B est border Speedwell Seed 01' division Good garden soil. Su u July·Aug. Very attr"activ'e in border Division cuttings Any soil. Hot, dr y Asia-Asia Minor' Less th an l' Lat,e lIfay Rock wall weather Early J uly Cuttings Any soi l. Shade Europe. N, Amel' ica 41/·6" May·July ea 1'P·et under tree Seed 01' division Sun Forests of E. Europe 1'.1 112 ' May-JUl;e Border and Ru ssia Division Sun. Good soil 6" t.o l' 1\Iay·June Edging 01' .rock 'wall

Cut.tings Sun or shade. Any As ia 1\1ioo1' on dry Prostrate mats May-June Drv spots in rock Seed soil hill. garden Seed. Division lIoistUl' e COl's ica Pl'ostrate mat May B etween stepping stones Dh~ i s ion, see d Any soil Low-only :rvfay·June Rock ~arden 0 1' fe w inches edging Division, seed Very robust Creeping June Rock garden

Seed. Division Su n . ';V ol·th a good I-l iIl ~ of Eu rope Few in ches June Ledges in rock place garden Seeel. Division Sun. A ny good soil T-Till l'HlstUl'es. Europe 2 '·3' June·Aug. Wild garden -N. Asia , Border Seed. Divi ion Any soil. Sun C. and S. EU l'one. %'-1' 1\1ay-J Il. ne Border C. Asia . Rock garden .. un. R.ich soi l F.astel'l1 U. S. A. 2' ·6' Aug-Sept. W il d garden Border 62 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 yellowish green and the white flowers V. satureioides is unique in that it are lined with reddish purple. It will is like a very small evergreen shrub. make a well rounded, somewhat com­ Another one of these tiny evergreen pact little bush in the edge of the bor­ shrub-like veronicas is V. saxatilis, der or a more trailing nJass in the growing only a few inches tall and rock well. Worth while in either suitable for sunny rocky places. The place. small, opposite leaves are evergreen. V. pecti11ata, sometimes called Scal­ Different forms var. alba and var. lop-leaved Speedwell, is a creeper, rosea have white and rose-lilac blos­ rooting at the nodes as it travels over soms. the ground. The racemes of large Veronica spicata grows in leafy cup-like pale blue flowers are among clumps up to three feet in height. the prostrate creepers, peering out The narrow, roundly toothed leaves rather than rising above it. It is a are dull green, the long racemes are fine ground cover. Try using it as many-flowered. They are nice neat such for your autumn crocuses or clumps in the middle border. They colchicums. Sometime the parent should be divided about every three plant dies out ·in either too hot a sum­ years and fertilized with bone meal. mer or too wet a winter-but the V. spicata has many varieties worthy rooted offspring survive and new of the garden; var. 17al1a is a dwarf beds may be propagated from these. of four or five inches, suitable for the Variety rosea is a very lovely deep rock garden; var. rosea is a neat, rose pink. compact plant with pink blossoms. V. rep ens, though it usually winter­ Then ther-e are var. alba, corY111.bosa kills in New England and will just superba and variegata. Also var. wither away in a hot summer drought, Erica somewhat resembles a small is worth a good deal of effort. It pink heather and is very lovely. Va­ thrives in moist corners. The plant riety orchidea from the Balkans is practically has no height, but is a mat probably a form of V . spicata and of blue flowers in May, and a moss grows freely everywhere from seed. like mat of tiny glossy green leaves V. Teu.criu1% is a pubescent peren­ the rest of the time. It is splendid nial that is not too large for the rock for rock work, either in walls, ter­ garden-though the blooms are often races or among stepping stones. a foot or so above the soil. In June V. rupestris is listed in Bailey as the plants are a sheet of deep violet V. Teu,crizt1% var. prostrata, but since blue. There are also white and rose it is listed in many catalogues as ru­ forms. Here again we have confusio'll pestris, it has been described under -v. rupestris, V. fruct1:C1.tlosa and V. that name in the chart. Var. trehani Teuc1'iu111, p,'ostrata may all three be is another one of this species. The garden forms of the same species. plants have bright yellow leaves and Plant them, whatever name they come pale azure flowers. V. rupestris var. under, and keep the ones you like the nana is only about three inches tall best. and var. alba p1'ostrata is covered with Veronica Virgi1Vica, used as a me­ white fuzzy blossoms in May. All are dicinal plant, is suitable only for the hardy, are easily divided, wiH grow wild garden. Blooming at the same in any good soil and give a color vari­ time, it is fine planted with cimicifuga. ation of white, pale blue, rose and A Japanese variety blooms a month lavender. later than the native one and val'. alba Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 63 grows four to five feet tall, with veronicas, but of those selected for graceful spikes of white flowers, with the chart. There are others, of which golden anthers and foliage of a deep some may be better. Try them in green. It is found from Canada to your own gardens. If these as given Georgia and west to the Mississippi, in the chart arouse your curiosity suf­ blooming freely in mid-summer. ficiently to urge you to play with So we come to the end, not of all them, then it has been worth making. Amorphophallus Rivieri

\VYNDHAM HAYWARD

This beautifully grotesque plant is tuber is a dark grayish red, and the one of the great horticultural curiosi­ fl esh is pure white like an " Irish" ties of the world, and should be potato. grown, if only once, by every enthusi­ Several efforts to set seed on the astic indoor gardener. Its reputation flowers by hand pollination have is rather notorious, perhaps unde­ failed and the writer has never seen servedly so, for the plant is rarely them fo rmed either by natural or seen in greenhouse collections and in artificial means. The published au­ choice collecti·ons of warm climate thorities li st the plant as native of growers. Cochin-China, and experience with the The flower is a magnificent thing, bulb in Florida indicates that it is at if rather sinister-appearing. and the home in rich, tropical leaf-mould hu­ unpleasant aroma becomes prominent mus and dense shade. only after the bloom has reached its Under such conditions it would prime, so that there is ample time to seem that there would be no lack of enjoy the remarkable and interestinO' the common forest insects, to account . b for the evolutionary development of plant at Its best. before releO'atinO'b b it to temporary obli vion when the car- the extraordinary carrion odor of the fl ower. as would be the case if the rion odor becomes too stronO'b for comfort. As a mat,ter of fact, the bulb were native to bare desert wastes wri ter finds the odor of the flower where plant and insect li fe was rare. much less unpleasant than that of The foliage of the plant appears sev­ other related aroids. especially Saw'o- eral months, two or three at least, 11Wfi,t11'1- gutta.tLt11·1. after the fl ower scape has faded. A. Rivien', as we will call it for There is a single leaf, which stands the sake of brevity, has a huge flower upright on a strong. sturdy petiole resembling a giant chocolate-red call a. from two to three feet tall. The leaf ~he flower is handsomely propor­ may be as much as three feet wide in tIOned and wi ll be produced by the cultivation. It is tripartite with nu­ dry tuber in January or February if merous segments, all designed in a potting is delayed at that time. In very ornamental lace-work of green. F lorida the dormant buds on top of The fo liage is as distinctive as the the tubers begin to swell in early flower and never fai ls to attract atten­ February. The flower develops rap­ tion. \Nhen fu lly expanded the leaf idly, in about two weeks or less, and bears some resemblance to an um­ fades in another week or so. brella turned inside out. Tubers of 5 to six inches diameter The tubers propagate naturally by may be expected to bloom. The offsets. which are voung tubers of va­ ~ubers are cup-shaped, flat at the top ri·ous shapes and sizes. They are pro­ 1I1 general shape. with one main bud duced on the ends of curious stolons. in the center. They are an inch or which twist and turn about in pot so less in vertical diameter than from culture so that the offsets are fo und side to side. The outside skin of the in all parts of the pots. \iVhen planted J a n., ~ 937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 63

L eon A. Page A11w1'phophallus Rivie·ri 66 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 in the open ground, the stolons travel Some of the pieces sprouted from straight out from the parent tubers. two places and produoed two tubers. In the case of some of these stolons The whole result from the sixteen buds appear at intervals along the pieces was in excess of 20 small length. Usually the stolons shrivel tubers from one to two inches in di­ up 11:0 nothing when the bulbs are ameter, and a number of offsets be­ dried off. The living stolons may be sides. This was considerably faster the size of a pencil or slightly larger, than the natural propagation of the and a foot or more long. two original tubers would have been. Examination of a large tuber in the Sometimes the large tubers will pro­ early spring, will reveai a number of duce five or six small offset tubers minor buds or "eyes" on the rim and naturally in a season, from half an exterior of the outer edges, in addi­ inch to one inch in diameter, but the tion to the main "eye" in the center writer has known of several cases at I1:he top. These extra buds remain when no offsets were produced at dormant for the most part if the cen­ all by large tubers despite a normal tral bud is allowed to grow normally. growing period. A few of them will produce the sto­ The above propagation method is lons. very simple and is like cutting a po­ These extra buds suggested the tato for planting. Care should be artificial propagation of the bulbs by taken to have a strong bud "eye" on cuttage, as in the case of Fancy each cut piece. In the experiment Leaved Cal-adiums. The easiest meth­ described, the cut pieces were first od was apparently evolved generations planted in a flat of sand until they ago by the natives of the Dutch East had rooted, and I1:hen were trans­ Indies. J. J. Osche in his "Vege­ planted to a deep bed of rich lake­ tables of the Dutch East Indies," side soil. They were in part shade (1931) treating of a related species, most of the time. Amorphophallus ca11~ pal7u.[,atu.s , which An interesting fact brought to light is cuJtivated as a food plant, remarks by the experiment was that I1:he tubers (page 50) that "the plant may also renew themselves completely every be reproduced by parts of the rind year, as the young tubers obtained bearing one or more eyes." He adds from the wedge-shaped cut pieces that "this material gives new tubers. were round and perfect. ht to be reaped, after 9 or 10 months." Any good, medium sandy loam, well The method holds good in the case enriched with humus or well rotted of A. Rivie1'-i, as the writer found by cow manure is suitable for growing experiment during the summer of the A. Rivieri. The blooming size 1936. tubers are best potted in January In this experiment two large tubers when the blooming period is immi­ were cut on a vertical axis into six­ nent. Small tubers can wait until teen pieces, exactly as a cake or pie May.. It takes two to four years to is cut. This operation destroyed or grow a full sized tuber from a small muti1arted the central bud, and caused offset in Florida, and probably long­ the extra buds on the rim of the er under greenhouse conditions. An tubers to sprout. One or two of the eioght- or lO-inch pot is needed to pieces refused to grow at all, but the grow the large tubers. The smaller remainder produced nice, plump tubers can be potted up individually young tubers in about five months. in four to five inch pots. Jan., 1937 TH.E NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 67

Watering should be done with cau­ a warm, dry place. While growing, tion after potting until the bulbs are t he plants appreciate plenty of food, in leaf growth. Drainage is very and occasional feedings with manure necessary in the pots. Watering can water are helpful. Every attention be more li beral during the summer should be paid to obtaining a healthy growing period, and when the leaves leaf growth and a proper ripening-off ripen off in September or October, period, as the strength of the result­ the pots should be dried off. The ing tuber will depend on this factor. tubers can be taken out of the pots In potting the buds should be some or stored in them as dried off during two inches under the top of the soi l the winter. They should be kept in in the pot. Plant Hunting lnOld Mexico. Part III

ERIC W AL THER

In the brief space of a single month to the "Canon de la Mano" near it was manifestly impossible to do Iguala. This narrow 'gorge drains a Jl10re ,than scratch the surface of the large area once undoubtedly a lake, extreme wealth of plant life so char­ and today is traversed by the railroad acteristic of Old Mexico. " However, to Balsas. Its sUrFoundirigs are hot the results obtained, in the form of and dry, due to the low elevation, field notes, herbarium specimens, but the Canon proper is sufficiently photographs, seeds and li ving plants, shady and moist to harbor most in­ both of old and new species, were so teresting plant life, including bamboo, gratifying that the writer simply had Achimenes, a singular B egonia with to go again the next season, in order but one leaf closely appressed to the to attempt collection of the types, etc. , ground, numerous ferns, as well at; still needed; and in October, 1935. two Crassula.ceae. Of these one, we again found ourselves in Mexico Th omj1so11 ella, platyph)illa, Britton & City. Rose, is here at its type locality ; the Having left L os Angeles early in other, growing on the more shady the morning we sat down on the eve­ northside of the steep cliffs, was what ning of that same day, to a real Ger­ unquestionably wi ll turn out to be a man dinner, at the family table of our new species of Echeveria. After re­ friend Herr'n Halbinger, and made turning to our car by hiking through up for meals cauti ou Iy gone without the broiling sun over the railroad ties, while in the air. we were glad to reach Iguala for The very next day we were already lunch, and had a stroke of luck in out in the fi eld, near the City, on the incurring a fl at tire just as we final­ search fo r Cot,),ledoll (Villadia) PG1'­ ly arrived. On our way home 'we viflora Hemsley. The type-locality of stopped long enough to call on Mrs. this was supposed to have been Mount Abbot at Taxeo, so well ' know n to Atzacoalco near the well known sub­ Ameri can tourists, but wishing to re­ urb Guadalupe, but nothing was fo und turn to Cuernavaca this same day we that agreed with the specie men­ wasted little time here. The road ti oned, unless someone made a mi - was be ing resurface d and should be take. in excellent condition by now. One Of course, the law of diminishing of its unexpected hazards arises from returns also appli es to plant co llecting. the queer habit local cattle have of T o again gather as many novel plants ruminating in the dust of the road as we had done on our preyiOllS "isit during the often very dark nights. was now a more difficult task, req uir­ usually choosing the very middle of ing us to cover more ground and to the right-of-way. Onl? the skilled go further afield. The first longer dri\'ing of our host preve nted a se­ excursion, as guest of Mr. C. Halbin­ rious accident. Characteristic of the ger and fami ly, took us into the State vegetation seen on this day were Guerrero, via Ctlernavaca and Taxco, Creselltia, sp. and Caesalpinia pul- Jan., 1937 THE NATIONA L HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 69

01'izaba f1'011'/. the tropics) fra1'lI ed by gigantic llw'lIg oes 70 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 cheri11~a at lower levels, with Junipe1'us ftaccida at higher elevations around Taxco. Next day, Sunday, we spent at Cuernavaca, where the balmiest cli­ mate we know invited to a day 'Of rest. In the afternoon the return to Mexico City took us over a now familiar road,

On another day we had occasion to again visit this vicinity, on the hunt for typical Echev er'ia gibbiftom, seen the previous season from the window of the rushing train on our very last day in Mexico. We simply had to come back to photograph and gather this, as well as to make certain of its identity. Utilizing the one daily tra.in from Mexico City to Cuernavaca, we got off at EI Parque, and thence hiked over the ties to Kilometer 86, with a literal jungle of wild flowers lining the way. The Echeve1'ia proper oc­ curred in a rather drier location on an old lava flow, as part of a more xerophytic plant association. One member of this was a species of H echtia, a genus common in drier parts of Mexico and memorable by reason of its vindictively hooked leaf­ LamMwouxia sp., near Mexico City margins. We established to our satis- Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 71

explored next d·ay. Here we first saw flowering specimens of Taonabo pringlei, a dose relation to our Camel­ l'ifl s, with masses of single, white flowers followed by equally decorative, red-seeded capsules, the latter regret­ tably scarce here at this se'ason. A visit to an abandoned monastery near­ by also proved most interesting in its view of novel plant life, even if this did not yield any novelties in Cras­ sulaceae. Here we met with our first flowering specimens of Laelia autum­ nalis, actually growing wild, perching in numbers on the trunks of the local oaks. Even more numerous were the various epiphy;tic B1'o11'I.eliads, appar­ ently preferring Madronas as hosts, and looking like so many gigantic birds' nests. Leading to said monastery is an Dahlia 11w%'i11viliana (?) and avenue ,of Cypresses, of venerable age, Sechiu11~ edule near of which our photograph illustrates T enm/,cing 0 the variation in habit so frequently noticeable in Cup1'essus B e11;thami, or C. lusitanica, as it should be called faction ,that here was indeed the real E. gibbifiora, with its characteristic, orbicular, blunt leaves which occa­ sionally shaded to the deep vinaceous­ lilac typical of our well known Eche­ veria 111/'etallica. Having gotten our plant, both alive and in pictures, we just had time to rush back and catGh the returning train for home at EI Parque. A visit we paid the little town of Tenancingo turned out to be one of the season's ITlOSt interesting trips. Situated at the foot of the N evado de Toluca, this li es at abou.t the same elevation as Cuernavaca, with nearly similar vegetation. Here we were bound for the waterfall 'Of Santa Ana, at the verge of which we found what appears to be Echeve1'ia fu,lgens, grow­ ing within the very spray of the cas­ cading waters. The surrounding woods are full of interesting plants, further Laelia au,tu.mmalis THE NATIONA L HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 more accurately. On our way home quite frequent morning fog has lifted. we stopped to picture a tree dahlia, N ear Encarnacion we found another elf a species apparently still uriknown locality for Echeveria subrig·ida, evi­ in ' California gardens, where its allies, dently of fairly wide distribution, in D. i111.pe1'ialis and D. 11~axonii, are a rocky canon densely smothered in such a striking feature of our autumn vegetation, of which the most memo­ fl ora. This new dahlia is nearly al­ rable features were Bl'ittonastn£11~ ways seen with double fl ower-heads, l'neXbCam£11'f., the Mexican "Cedron­ its rays are broader and its stature ella," and also ~ h e aforementioned lower than those of the others men­ Taonabo in full fruit. Seeds elf the tioned, while the color is soft rose. latter, gathered here, have now be­ VVe are inclined to think this identical come seedlings over one foot tall and with Dahl'ia 11'I,aximitiana, as pictured promise to become a worthwhile ad­ in Curtis' Botanical Magazine. Viable dition to our fl owering evergreens, seeds were gathered and plants are being undoubtedly hardy in most por­ now coming along nicely in the col­ tions of Califo rnia. VVe have vivid lection of Golden Gate Park. Our memories of this trip, in the form of photograph also shows a large vine a thrilling stage ride with a driver of the famous "Chayote," or Sechi'll£1% showing off before his girl friend, of ed'ute, a Cucurbit whose edible fruits a typical, small-tow n Mexican hot el are a favorite vegetable of the Mexi­ where the soup was colder than the cans; and some years ago were intro­ beer, of hikes in dizzying heat and a duced into A merican gardens by our long wait for a bus that never came, Division of PLant Exploration and In­ in a chill pass where we became ac­ troduction. quainted with the very real virtues \iVith the recent completion of the of the fiery "Mescal" ; but a recital of new highway to Laredo many Ameri­ our next and last excursion may prove can vis itors to Mexico will become more interesting to our plant-minded closer acquainted with the region we readers. visited on our next excursion. This On our previous visit we had caught led ovel' the new road, as fa r as it one brief glimpse of 01'izaba, the sec­ was ready at that time, to Encarna­ ond highest peak of the North Ameri­ cion, by way of Ixmiquilpan and Zima­ can Continent, and had an irresistible pan. Our goal of COU1'se were further impulse to see its other si de. So we type-looalities of Echeveria-species; took the narrow-gauge train to Jalapa, but even aside from these the country even if we had to sit up all night in traversed proved to hold a most in­ a chair-car owing to lack of adequate teresting and varied vegetation. Dry sleepers. Arrivi ng at the early hour and desert-like in the lower, hotter of 2 A. M. we di scovered that Jalapa, portions, with Cacti in variety and even though in the Tropics, at less numbers, this region is the natural than 6,000 feet elevation. co uld be habitat of H 'Unne11'bannia j'll£11wfl'iaefol'ia, quite chilly; and we shivered under tbe Mexican Bush-poppy, so well one blanket in our hotel until break­ known to all Californians. At higher fast time. After which our first steps elevations the road passes through to the local Plaza located the Eche­ woods of oaks, madrofies, pines, of ve1'ia species, E. 1'acemosa, our real much more Northern aspect. In our obj ective of this excursion, growing photograph we show a portion of this by hundreds on the bark of the steep section of the Laredo road after the trunks of some fine specimens of Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 73

Cuprcss/ls BCllthallli, showing the 1lSlf.al variation 74 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

A1'aucaria excelsa. Later experience which trips we became painfully inti­ of the violent rains occurring regularly mate with one of the local tree nettles, every afternoon served to explain U1'era caracas ana. Notable amongst this singular habitat. Abundant at­ plants cultivated at Orizaba were Cup­ mospheric moisture also accounts for res sus funebris in front of the City the presence here of what is probably Hall, also Cunningh(}J11tLia lanceolata, the richest flora of North America. Dombeya Wallichii in the Plaza, etc. There are more different plants On the same train, but exactly one known, from the few miles between year later, we again returned to Mex­ sea level and the snow line on Ori­ ico City. zaba, than from almost any like area. Temporary suspension of the plane Tree-ferns growing wild testify to the service compelled return home by train mild climate, but surprising was their with a brief stop at Guadalajara. Here association with Liq~£ida11I/,bQ.l'. Coffee we had hoped to be able to explore and bananas are the most common the famous Barranca de Oblata, as crops, shipping of the former center­ well as the mountains above Etzatlan, ing around Teoscelos and Coatepec. the last the type locality of Echeve1"ia A visit to the lost town led to the loza11i. It seemed impossible to find most interest,ing discovery of our en­ any guides willing to take us on either tire trip, a succulent of which we do excursion; and while this would not not even know the genus, and of have deterred us if time had been unique habit. This is locally known more abundant, we read with interest under the name "Cola de Burro," only a few weeks later of the kid­ meaning "Tail of the Donkey," mak­ napping and holding for ransom of ing it a suitable complement to Eche­ two Americans at Etzatlan. The re­ veria, quite often called "Orejo de turn home was without memorable Burro," or "Ear of the Donkey." occurrence, aside from a train wreck Flowers needed to identify this puzzle near Matzatlan, and the opportunity have so far fa-iled to appear. for some pertinent comparisons on the Our return to Mexico City led us relative merits of air .and rail travel. over Vera Cruz to Cordova and Ori­ However, mere chronological rec­ zaba City. At Cordova we visited ords of travel are apt to become tire­ the Hacienda de la Trinidad, which some reading, even when concerned during its hey-day was a real Botanic with plant hunting. What may serve Garden. Even today reminders of its to make worth while are the lessons former gLory exist in the form of fi ne learned, the inspiration gained and the s;pecimens of var·ious unusual species successful transmission of this to the of A1'auc(}Jria, many fine palms, Ci 'I ~ ­ reader. Now there is not the least chona sp., Ravenala, Ficus, and some doubt that the present writer gained immense Mangos, from between which much valuable knowledge, not only on our camera caught a glimpse of the Mexican plants and the genus Eche­ snow covered peak of Orizaba. ve1'ia in its various aspects in partic­ At Orizaba City we became ac­ ular, but on the underlying factors quainted with Senor Martinez, whose governing plant life with its various father was a famous collector of or­ manifestations in general, some of chids; and even the son still knows which we have touched upon in pass­ them by their scientific names. He ing. Elsewhere* we have treated the guided us to several localities while *See "Cactus & Succulent Journal"; Vols. we hunted for Echeverias, on one of 7·8. 1935-36. Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 7S

A new succnlent, of merit as a basket plant. Not yet identified. i ID THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 193/ botanical findings of our two excur­ would be glad to be of any help pos­ sions to Mexico in greater detail, sible. \ iVith the increasing ease of while the final results must of course communication it seems inevitable that await publication of our contemplated more A me6 cans should go and see monograph. something of Mexico, which is really the nearest fo reign land we may visit. Any inspiratioL gained from our No strenuous efforts or deprivations ex peri ences concerns itself largely with are involved, even a knowledge of the fl:S yet unfathumed possibilities of Spanish is unessential ; and the cost, Mexican plants in California gardens, too, is surprisingly low. both those now here and those yet t o In closing we express the hope that be introduced. If our attempt to pre­ any phnt-minded tourists will not sent our adventures in Mexico suc­ fail t o make the slight effort needed ceeds in inducing someone else to fol­ to send home seeds or plants of any­ low us, we shall be most pleased ; and thing worth while they may di scover.

M ad1' o11,a near T ena'l1cingo coven:d with e piph~ltic Bro111eliads A Book or Two

The Identification of Trees G1td S hl' ~£bs. ting shed, because within its pages are By F. K. Makins. E. P. Dutton & all the necessities of an estate garden. Co., Inc., New York, 1937. 326 You should be a mathematician too pages, illustrated. $4.00. with some sense of intuition in or~l e r t~ This is a book intended for the ama­ translate for your spot, these data writ­ teur who is not a botanist but who ten for N ew York. But, if you should would like to be able to identify "any sudden ly need to know what bloomed tree or shrub he is likely to meet with, in July you can turn quickly to the list growing in the open in any part of the which is mostly in numbers, and then British Isles." start looking back at June and May to One is given instructions as to how understand them. to use the book, a short explanation of If the book is ever reissued we hope .terms used ,before he comes to the main the diagram on page 100 will be re­ portions of the book. These are two, drawn correctly. over 100 pages of illustrations and al­ most 200 pages of descriptions. T he Sou,th Aj1'ica11 Plants For A1'ne1"ican key which precedes these pages is but Gm'dcns. By Sarah V. Coombs. Frederick A. Stokes Company, New one page long and requires only a York, 1936. 364 pages, illustrated. knowledge of terms related to leaves $4.50. and each section is related to various fig­ ures among the illustrations where one Like a careful author, Mrs. Coombs picks out his plant by sight. Then, if announces in her preface that her book he must know more, he looks up that has two ob jects: "to give to people of name in the index and is referred to the northern coun tries some idea of the the text descriptions which are brief beauty of the flowers which grow so with many shorthand symbols. freely under the Southern Cross ;-to The whole is a very artificial arrange­ indicate the possibility of adding many ment. Many of the illustrations seem of these fl owers to our store of garden poor. There are many useless il1Clu­ and greenhouse favorites." When one sions fr0111 the American point of view comes out at last on page 327, one is and many serious omissions. Botanists not qui,te certaill about anything save won't care for this book; gardeners that Mrs. Coombs must have had a may. grand time and done a fearful amount of assembling. There is no very clear The Garden Cale·11dG1'. By Ceci le Hulse statement of the extent of the author's Matschat. Houghton Mifflin Com­ travels and one cannot help feeling that pany, Cambridge, Mass., 1936. 11 8 she never got far beyond a limited area pages, diagrams. $1.00. in South Africa, although there are If you are the kind of a gardener who three short paragraphs on the African neecls a calendar this will do very nice­ climate in general. ly. If you embrace it as your guide, it There is a division into four groups will be to your advantage to have a of the materials to be discussed later, a cold frame, a hot bed, a greenhouse (at chapter on plans and suggestions in least one little greenhouse) and a pot- which the suggestions are infinitely bet- 78 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 ter than the plans, and then one plunges but not literary; the illustrations dia­ into the body of the book, where order grammatic but of,ten ugly and inexpert. by order, genus by genus, the plants The lists given under the various head­ march by, section by section, accompa­ ings are suggestive ,but ce.rtainly not al­ nied by innumerable pictures most of together satisfactory as, for example, which are much more vivid than the when one finds under "summer cuttings text descriptions. One wonders why are easily made of the following old Allium neapolitanum is paraded as shrubs": azalea, chionanthus, kolkwit­ a Chinkerinchee (opposite page 48), zia, lilac. Some azaleas, yes, others, and what other plant is atop of the even never. Chionanthus rarely. Kolkwit­ older and more familiar Agapanthus zia only if the right type of cuttings are africanus (opposite page 64) . One taken. Lilacs, only certain species. Re­ wishes t hat there were some more care­ member the caption was "easily made." ful planning of the scale of reproduc­ The list of plants pr·opagated from rhi­ tion for it is alarming to see S paraxis zomes contains several plants that are grandifiora (opposite page 112) life not usually considered rhizomatous. size and turn tha·t page to find four The list of plants that "can be propa­ moreas on the reverse which do not gated by root cuttings" includes some have any proportionate relation to each strange items either for beginner or other and anyone of which i6 more amateur as, for example, plum, cherry, worth a full page than the sparaxis. peach, pear, apple-all of which can be If you live in California there will be so propagated if one has skill and equip­ much in this for you if you have not al­ ment. But, one must be careful to say ready discovered it. If you are already no more or the author will try to make a keen collector of succulents you will us one of "the intelligentsia" to whom find that section, although the best part he pays his regards on page 19. of the book, old stuff. If you are in­ terested ,in annuals you can commence Grow Them Indoors. By Allen H. your struggle to prevent overmuch food Wood, J r. Hale, Cushman & Flint, and summer showers and to fume when Boston, 1936. 221 pages, illustrated. your surviving annuals finish their life $1.75. cycle long before frost. If you are keen This book is essentially a period about bulbs, you can prepare to do your piece. J,t touches upon most of the cur­ work in pots. If you are interested in rent fads of the time. It follows the shrubs and trees, you might as well popular style of compilations in which move to California anyway. If you so many topics are touched upon that don't live in California and do garden little can be said of any. It seems to you won't pay any attention to what be designed chiefly for the fee.ble who any reviewer says. can neither manage the burden of more ,than half an idea at a time nor bear the Plant P1'opagation for the Garden. By weight of a good cyclopedia in which David C. Fairburn. Doubleday, Dor­ they could find the meat of the matter. an and Company, Inc., New York, 1936. 115 pages, illustrated. $1.00. The Wild Garden. By Margaret Mc- This book is addressed "To Amateur Kenny. Doubleday, Doran and Com­ Gardeners." It would have been more pany, Inc., New York, 1936. 123 sporting to dedicate it "To Beginning pages, illustrated. $1.00. Gardeners" since for them it will be This is primarily a study of native useful. The writing is clear and simple plants brought into cultivation in prop- Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZ!NE 79 er associations, with suggestions as to to reconsider. The author fixes rather their needs and preferences. It is filled definite limits to her field but does not, with lists already prepared for use, and in the opinion of this reviewer, make has one chapter on general propaga­ a very good defense of h.er use of the tion practices and several chapters on word hardy. If she intends intriguing special propagation subjects. The one the non-Californian, as apparently she vital thing it does not have is any dis­ does, she should have remembered that cussion of what your house, your beau­ the word hardy connotes first of all tiful, or even not so beautiful suburban winter hardiness and it still remains to house will look like with a wild garden be proven that plants from high alti­ on its side or how your whole back tudes will endure similar temperatures garden will appear from a design point at low elevations elsewhere. Some do, of view if you give it over to such a some do not. We shall need a compara­ planting. ble volume on Californian Survivors The illustrations are supposed to be Away From Home! decorative but are neither accurate nor Also it must be remembered that wild beautiful. plants do not all respond equally well The materials are chiefly from the under the arbitrary condi·tions of cul­ Eastern United States with a bow to tivation. This is particularly true of the Southeast and a wave of the hand plants that grow sparsely in their na­ to the Pacific Northwest. tive habitats because of limited avail­ able water, when introduced into cli­ mates and gardens where water is rela­ Hardy Californians. By Lester Rown­ tively abundant. tree. The Macmillan Company, Perhaps we need new types of gar­ New York, 1936. 255 pages, illus­ dens or new unit areas. At any rate trated. $3.50. this is a good and provocative book This is a delightful and intriguing that should set in motion any adven­ book, the sort that one reads through turous gardener who is not hopelessly from cover to cover and then goes back bound to practices of the past. The Gardener's . Pocketbook

R osa damasce'lw tails as to how to distil the petals. In Bulgaria fo rms with white and The damask rose has a long history. pink blossoms shading to deep rose It is said to come from Persia by were grown. My bush has pale pink some, and from Syri a by others. In blossoms, and blooms were from early the sixtee nth century it came to F rance to middle June. and was brought to E ngland before The bush grows three feet high but Gerard's day, U ntil the Great Vvar elsewhere the Rosa da11wscena is said the variety called "Kezanlik" covered to grow to six feet. It is a graceful miles of rolling c.o untry in Bulgaria bush with spreading branches. The where it was grown fo r the fragrant stems are thorny with hooked thorns oil extracted from its petals. In May, and growing in with them are gland­ when it fl owered, the fragrance of the ular bristles. rose was so strong that it was almost The leaves are composed of seven overpowenng, In the Near East a leaflets, each about two and a half jam is made from the petals. The inches long. Dr. R ehder says the hard yellowish heel is cut off and the speci es sometimes h av~ five leafl ets. petals removed from the roses whi ch They are ovate oblong and si mply have been picked early in the morning serrate, smooth above and more or of the day they opened their delicate . less pubescent beneath, and have a rosy blooms. The petals are then prickly peti ole. The leaves are tinted cooked with sugar and water. This browni sh towards the margins on the jam whi ch is li ke culinarv poetry can upper surface which produces a soft be bought in T urkish and Syri an res­ velvety effect. The fl owers are in tam'ants in New York City. coryn{bs on slender pedicels and the \ i\T hen growing in my garden the buds and calyces are covered with tiny fl owers are not particularl y fragl'ant, bristles. The fl owe rs are thin tex­ but when the petals are dried or when tured semi double and the petals in they are being cooked, they are deli­ the centre crumpled. The stamens cious and smell of the rose wi thout and pi stils are partly covered by the any admi xture of spice or fruit. F or petals. The fl owers are delicate look­ centuries the Rosa dmnascell a was the ing and when picked fade ve ry quick­ source of rose oil or attar of roses ly. But they are pretty while they but now much of the perfume of roses last. fo r perfumery, soaps, and flavors is The fruits are obovoid and bristly. provided by the rose geranium. The damask rose is one of the an­ Years ago when I returned from cestors of the hybrid perpetuals, and Turkey I wanted to grow these roses so of the modern hybrid teas. to make the jam or rather conserve, As with all roses they like a clay and I went down to visit Dr. Van soil, and thi s particular species seems Fleet. H e gave me a pamphlet on to prefer a dry sunny situation. the growing and harvesting of the HELEN M. Fox . rose petals which also contained de- P eekskill, N. Y. "Jan., . 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI~E ·81

Walter Wilder Rosa da1?lascena 82 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

flex ve1,ticillata (See page 83) need not fear for hardi·ness. Doubt­ This deciduous holly is probably less gardeners in the South will be more familiar to city and suburban more interested in their own decidu­ gardeners as one of the florists' spec­ ous Itex 1nont.icola for even if this ialties of November than as a growing does normally develop to the size of a plant. Then, shortly after the time small tree, it will fruit while smaller when bunches of bittersweet and stiff and just as handsomely. bouquets of strawflowers make their Like many other hollies, it varies appearance, it too appears in stiff considerably in the number of berries bunches, each twig lined with brilliant that it bears, in their size and in their scarlet berries, that last in their shin­ coloring. Yellow-fruiting forms are ing plumpness for a long time if kept known and there is doubtless a chance in water and in a duller beauty if the that a form with white fruits might branches are kept dry. They ,do be found. Gardeners who tramp the not shatter from the twigs in these countryside, have in it, another sub­ dry bouquets, unless roughly handled, ject for examination and a chance to until the end of winter when one is make a contribution to our garden glad enough to abandon them for bou­ store. quets of flowering shrubs to be forced Its Asiatic relative, flex serrata, into premature bloom in the house. which may be listed as flex Sieboldii, If one knows it, however, either in may be considered for similar uses the swamps that it inhabits or in park but its fruits are smaller in size though plantings where it has been established, quite as bright and as abundant. If it has an even more vivid beautv. one is interested in deciduous fruiting There are particularly handsome plants shrubs whose berries survive early of this in Durand-Eastman Park in winter freezes both these plants are Rochester, N. Y., chosen by Mr. Sla­ worthy of a choice even in a smallish vin or specially propagated from plants place. bearing excellent fruits. Seen on a dull November day, with a background N erine ~£ndu'/ata (See frontispiece) of evergreen trees, they make a pic­ In this day of renewed interest in ture that is not soon forgotten and African plants it is needful to remem­ lighten the grayness with their scarlet ber that many of the things we are in a way that no one need scorn. so voluble about have been in and out Like all hollies, the species is dioe­ of cultivation before this. cious and there must be a pollinating H one turns to Curtis Botanical plant somewhere in the group, to in­ Magazine, that repository of amazing sure the display of berries. Possibly value, one finds on Plate 369 an ex­ in time there may be found an indi­ cellent picture of this charming species vidual with perfect flowers or some and reads in the brief text that it was other that will mature infertile fruits introduced "about 1767" and the even without pollination. Then we heartening note that it "is propagated can count upon vegetative propaga­ by offsets, which are plentifully pro­ tions that will make paired plantings duced." Where then has been the unnecessary. difficulty? The plant has a wide geographical Doubtless the years between 1767 distribution from north to south with and more recent times have seen a a fair range from east to west so one rise and fall of interest abroad in Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 83

Lilian A. Gne1'JlSeV [See page 82 ) flex verticillata 84 THE NATIO)JAL. HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 . keeping up a supply of these buibs wood, the first with a sandy soil-the under glass, for the plant is tender to econd with a heavy soil li ghtened freezing. At the present time there only; with leaf compost. is no reco rd available to show when It makes a gradually enlarging leafy the species fi r5t might have reached tuft like a tussock of some wiry ever­ the United States, nor how available green marsh grass, through which rise it is here now. the small fl owers that show clearly in Last autumn a delightful planting the illustration. These look, as they was seen in Berkeley, California, properly shoul d, like slender first where heads of flow ers much more co usins of Iris gra111i1 1ea, another use­ handsome than these illustrated sat ful species of secondary conspicuous­ like pinki sh bubbles above the green­ ness. The hafts of our fl ower have ery. The fl owers photographed were the same vinous purple color, the grown in a pot from newly received standards a similar warm lavender. bulbs and show better the character the tips of the fa lls the same clearly of the inflorescence than anything else. lined deep blue purple. The ruffled edges of the floral seg­ There are usually two fl owers to ments show how the plant acquired each head and these in time are fol­ its name. It is less easy to guess the lowed by characteristic seed pods with co lor from a photograph and almost marked ridges and a conspicuous bealc as difficult to put it in words. The Like other iris of this group, I. sill­ color is a pale pink with a faint un­ tenisii. is easily raised from seed. dertone of lavender. The unopen buds are deeper in hue and seem C'ytisLis SUpi llll S (See page 58) much more pink. There are various small brooms that If there are readers in the south­ get into catalogs from time to t.ime eastern states who have grown this and some make much more conspICU­ species, a note will be most welcome. ous garden plants than others. This Washington. D . C. species which has grown here for some vears is represer.ted by plants Ir'is Sintenisii (See page 85) that ~ere raised from seed and ex­ As everyone knows there are lns hibit considerable variation in the and iri s but as some do not reali ze, amount of fl owering they accomplish. some of the lesser species and forms As is shown in the photograph, the make plants for the garden as endur­ fl owers are crowded at the ends of ing and as interesting as many peren­ the shoots as if in a flattened head. nials that are given more acclaim. The bushes here make rounded low This small plant is di stinctly a poor shrubs, are rarely more than eighteen thing if one finds beauty only in the inches tall with many stems that die modern tall bearded iris or the grand back somewhat in cold winters. New Japanese iris, but it has its beauties shoots quickly hide any winter loss. and makes most modest requirements The photograph which is natural of the gardener. It is of dimensions size shows the character of the three­ sufficiently small to bring it to the parted leaves which persist until frost field of the rock gardener although it and the general style of the flowers. requires no rocks at all for its health These are of a rather sulphury yellow, or pleasure, growing here equally well not the golden yellow one thinks of in an open fi eld and in a semi-shaded first with hrooms and genistas. As ] a n., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

/ L iliall A. Gllerllsey [See page 84J Iris Sillte'11isi1: 86 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 the flowers age they take on a pinkish and sunlight to warm the dormant brown tint that darkens as they fade, butbs as spring comes on. into a warm brown that is by no Washington, D. C. means unpleasant in the persistent flowers. Gold medals are given for many One wishes that the time might things in the horticultural world but come or the person would appear, so they are not often given for books. that some hundreds of these plants It is of keen interest to gardeners, could be raised to see the limits of therefore, that the Massachusetts Hor­ their floral variation to provide some ticultural Society has awarded a gold selection of the best forms for vegeta­ medal to The Garden Dictionary, of tive propagation. which Norman Taylor is the editor. While one doubts if even the best Our congratulations go to Mr. Taylor forms would be chosen for the rock and to the Houghton Mifflin Company garden, one wonders if this might that published the book. not be a useful ground cover shrub N OTE OF CORRECTION for sunny areas where spring bulbs are used. The shrub developing slowly Page 245, October 1936 N . H. M., would not hide their flowering, but second column, five lines from the bot­ would hide their waning foliage. Its tom, the date should read 1681 and own season of bloom, midsummer, not 1861. would bring interest to the planting. Illustration on page 247 should read The thin winter state would allow Woodlands Cemetery and not W ood­ leaves to drift in for a natural mulch lawn Cemetery. Jan., 1937 TflE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

THE BEST [Roses DAFFODIL FOR AMERICA YEARBOOKS Is Not a Boast, It Is Our A mbitioll In 1935 your Narcissus and Tulip Committee 1. By thorough test to have the best undertook the first publication of The American varieties. Daffodil Yearbook. There is so little left of the , Z. By excellent culture to produce the edition that within a year it will become a best plants. 3. By personal attention to render the collector's item. If you have not ordered your most satisfactory type of service. copy, this may be your last opportunity. Star Roses are of such excellence that The issue for 1936 has found an even wider they can be and are guaranteed to bloom public and greater approval. the first blooming period after purchase, failing which we will replace the plant The issue for 1937 which will be ready in or refund its cost. nRoses of such dis­ March should be of even wider appeal now tinction deserve and do bear a trade mark, that we may once more import narcissus from a durable, celluloid Star tag on every abroad. plant. nWrite for details regarding " How to Grow Roses" (ZOO pages), "Success Each issue costs fifty cents. After this notice with Roses" (4 times a year), and illus­ the copies of the 1935 edition will be priced trated lectures by R. Marion Hatton and at one dollar, beginning March 15, 1937, so, if Robert Pyle. you intend ordering, order at once.

THE CONARD-PYLE CO. Address The Secretary, * Star Rose Growers * THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, ROBERT PYLE, President 821 Washington Loan & Trust Building, West Grove 534, Pa. Washington, D. C.

Rare Native Plants from the "Land of the Sky"

Stewartia malacodendron Pachystima canhyi Franklinia alatamaha Shortia galacifolia Clinopodium Phlox nivalis Many varieties not hitherto offered. carolinianum Gentiana Cuthbertia graminea porphyrio • - Catalog Free - Over forty dwarf Campanulas, also Gen­ NIK-KAR NURSERY tians (Kurroo, Vietchiorum, etc.). Biltmore Station Asheville, N. C. • RARE ENGLISH New Primulas, Saxifrages, etc. • FLOWER SEEDS Copy mailed on request. 1936 illustrated catalogue, the most comprehensive ever published, nearly ZOO pages, over 4,500 dif­ ferent kinds of flower seeds described, including • an up-to·date collection of Delphiniums and Lupines and a large selection of H erbaceous and Rock Plants. Free on application to STUART BOOTHMAN THOMPSON AND MORGAN NIGHTINGALE NURSERY IPSWICH, ENGLAND Maidenhead, England ii' THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937 Extensive collection ---of rare and FISHER FLOWERS ------beautiful Rock and Alpine -Pla,nts GERMANTOWN, T~NNESSEIE All t ested as to h a" diness a nd desir ability for Rock Gardens, Selection s of p la nts for clima,tic condition s in all parts of the count ry. HYBRID DAY LILIES Free catarogu e on h ow to h ave OONT INUOUS BLOOM in the " ock garden. Amaryllis ______$ .35 CRONAMERE ALPINE J. A. Crawford.______.... __ __ .. ______.75 NURS Il RIES, INC. Mandarin ______.. ______.50 Shore Road, Greens Farms, Conn" Patricia ______.. ______.. ______1.50 Bardeley ______•______.. ______1.00 T RE E PEON I ES s~~~;e~la~~: g Imperator ______.. .75 Japanese Flowering Cherries, Flower· J. R. Mann ______.. ______.. ______.50 ing Crabapples, and other specialties. Ask for Catalog A Radiant ______.. ______.50 Dawn ______.. ______.. 50 , *1S; ~~~~~Sc~!:DL0A Iris Perry _____ .. ______.. ______.75 Lady Hesketh __ .. ______.75 LILY YEARBOOK Ophir ______.75 The Society is contemplating the special publi­ Mixed Seedlings Grown From New Hybrids, cation of a Lily Yearbook. The Secretary $2.50 Dozen. would like to hear from all mem'bers who are interested in growing lilies. CACTI of Ironclad hardiness

APRIL 16-17 ANNUAL ~# Write for list. NARCISSUS SHOW Colorado Springs Colorado THE GARDEN CLUB OF VIRGINIA NEW AND RARE The Armory Species of Rhododendron Alexandria, Va. Many of these have been grown directly from seeds collected in W est Ohin a, Thibet and adja· cent territory. List on request. ... JOS.B. GABLE Stewartstown P e nnsylvania APRIL 20-21 The Glen Road Iris Gardens ANNUAL Have been Closed for Business GRACE STURTEVANT DAFFODIL SHOW WELLESLEY FARMS MASS. THE MARYLAND DAFFODIL SOCIHY Baltimore, Md. SEEDS OF RAREST FLOWERS ... Ga th ered from the four corners of the earth . A thousand u nu su al kinds that w ill make your garden different and delightful. Alp ines, W ild Further notice will be mailed with the notices flowers, Aqu atics, B ulbs. W' r ite Dept. B 2 f or of the Annual Meeting of the A. H. S., most interesting catalog. APRIL 19, 1937. REX. D . PEARCE MERCHANTVILLE, N . J. Jan., 1937 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE ' III

THE NEW PEONY SUPPLEMENT

DESIRING to bring the peony manual up to date a supplement has been prepared by that eminent authority on the peony, Professor A. P. Saunders. To those who do not have the peony manual, we desire to advise that there will be no advance in price of the book with the supplement bound in. The present price of $3.15 delivered is still in effect and will bring you the greatest amount of peony information possible to secure in one volume. Over 250 new ratings are shown, in addition to other information of value. To those desiring the supplement only, a price of 50 cents will covet a copy. Keep posted on the new ratings as they will be a helpful guide in making your fall purchases.

All orders will be filled promptly upon receipt of remittance sent to,

w. F. Christman, Secretary AMERICAN PEONY SOCIETY Northbrook, Ill.

Chronica Botaniea, the year~bc ,~k of plant science has been designed to bring together the research pro­ grams of all laboratories, expe'i im ent stations. herbaria, botanic gardens, etc., to give a resume every April of the professiona l and personal n ews of th e p ast year ... nd to promote cooper a tion between work· e1' S in the various branches of p l a~t science in every possible way, Chronic a Botaniea deals not only with general botany, taxonomy, ecology, etc., but also with agri culture, agronomy, fO -l'estl'Y, horticulture, phytopathology, genetics, plant breeding, microbiology, soil science, agr icultUl'al bacteriology and chemistry, pla nt-biochemistry and pharmacognosy. Chronica Botanica contains a complete, a. nnotated and up-to-date li st of all laboratori es, experim ent sta· tions, herbaria, bota nical gardens and societies connected w ith every branch of plant science. Special sections are devoted to the International Botanical Congress and to other intern ational congresses, com· mittees a nd societies. It also includes an alm anac of events, past, present and futUl'6, a section for correspondence, notes on new periodicals, lists of new and changed addl'esses and indices of names of pla nts, pe rsons a nd societies, Chronica Botanica se11ds qwestionna.iJres every D ecemb e1' to the Directors of aU botanical llLborrat01'ies, ex­ pe'rime'11t statio71 s, he1'ba,,"ia amd g{w'de'ns lUna ,to the S'ecretwries; of aU botfll11Jica, l soci.etie.'l. A'1lswe,'s m~bs t reach the Editor betoTe the en·d of J MlaU11'Y; it is ilmlJossible to U8e imto)'mMion "eceived att.,· that dlLle. CHRONICA BOTANICA is published every April as a single volume of about 400 pages, with numerous illustrations, bound in cloth. Annual subscription hfl. 15.-, postage extra. For prospectus, sample pages and further informati on, apply to the Editorial and Publishing Office, P. O. Box 8, Leiden, Holland. This year-book is the first and only one of its kind: It contains a vast amount of hitherto unavailable information. It answers hundreds 6f questions which you have previously had to leave unanswered, thouzh they were of the greatest importance for your work. An annual subscription will well repay you-you cannot afford to be without the latest issue of the uChronica." IV THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1937

THE AMERICAN IRIS SOCIETY ......

The American Iris Society, since its organization in 1920, has published 54 Bulletins which cover every phase of iris growing and should be useful to all gar· deners. The Society has copies of all but three of these Bulletins for sale. A circular giving list of contents of each Bulletin, price, etc., may be secured from the Secre· tary, B. Y. Morrison, 821 Washington Loan & Trust Bldg., Washington, D. C. In order to dispose of surplus stocks of some numbers we offer 6 Bulletins (our selection) for $1.00. Through an endowment given as a memorial to the late Bertr and H. Farr the American Iris Society is able to offer free to all Garden Clubs or Horticultural Societies the use of our traveling library. This library contains all books ever published on Iris and a complete fil e of the bulletins of this society and The English Iris Society, and miscellaneous pamphlets. The library may be borrowed for one month without charge except the actual express charges. Organizations desiring it should communicate with the nearest of the following offices:

Horticultural Society of N ew York, 598 Madison Avenue, New York City Mrs. Katherine H. Leigh, Missouri Botanic Garden, St. Louis, Mo. Sydney B. Mitchell, School of Librarianship, Berkeley, Calif.

Application for Membership

I desire to be admitted to ...... membership in THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL

SOCIETY. Remittance of $ ...... is enclosed.

NaDle ...... An nual Membership ...... $3.00 Sustaining Membership ...... 10.00 Address ...... I,ife Member ship ...... 100.00

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Checks should. be mad.e paya,ble to The Americwn H ortieultu,·al Society, 821 Wash;ngton Lo",n and Trust Bldg., Washington, D . C. The American Horticultural Society

INVITES to membership all persons who are interested in the devel­ opment of a great national society that shall serve as an ever growing center for the dissemination of the common knowledge of the members. There is no requirement for membership other than this and no reward beyond a share in the development of the organization. For its members the society publishes THE NATIONAL HORTICUL­ TURAL MAGAZINE, at the present time a quarterly of increasing impor­ tance among the horticultural publications of the day and destined to fill an even larger role as the society grows. It is published during the months of January, April, July and October and is written by and for members. Under the present organization of the society with special committees appointed for the furthering of special plant projects the members will receive advance material on narcissus, tulips, lilies, rock garden plants, conifers, nuts, and rhododendrons. Membership in the society, therefore, brings one the advantages of membership in many societies. In addition to these special projects, the usual garden subjects are covered and particular attention is paid to new or little known plants that are not commonly described elsewhere. The American Horticultural Society invites not only personal mem­ berships but affiliations with horticultural societies and clubs. To such it offers some special inducements in memberships. Memberships are by the calendar year. The Annual Meeting of the Society is held in Washington, D. C., and members are invited to attend the special lectures that are given at that time. These are announced to the membership at the time of balloting. The annual dues are three dollars the year, payable in advance; life membership is one hundred dollars; inquiry as to affiliation should be addressed to the Secretary, Mrs. Eugene Ferry Smith, 821 Washington Loan and Trust Building, Washington, D. C.