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Home , 1942 in rail transport, Andrew Onderdonk, Canadian Pacific Limited, Canadian Pacific Railway, Canadian Railway Museum, Confederation locomotive

The Story of the Railway throug op aboard t cific R vel h it e steam H he C ian Pa ail tra s h m th er times anad way and istory fro a to modern

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o H The Transcontinental Railway n July 1, 1867 four provinces joined Otogether to form the new country of . The four provinces – , New Brunswick, and – were joined three years later by and the Northwest Territories. Then in 1871 decided to join Canada, but only if the Canadian government promised to build a transcontinental railway. British Columbia set a 10 year deadline for the completion of this link to the rest of the country.

CPR remains one of Macdonald’s British Columbia–Thegreatest legaciesPromise and has been the subject of numerous books and The people of British Columbia (1970) songs. These include ’s agreed to join Canada after Prime The National Dream books, (1972), and Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and The Last Spike . promised that a railway would be Gordon Lightfoot’s well-known built within ten years to join this song, Canadian Railroad Trilogy westernmost province to the other provinces. The was the birth of the . Today, page 2 Keeping a Promise lthough many thought it build the railway bribed under Prime Minister in earnest. British Columbia’s was impossible to build government officials. This Alexander Mackenzie, 10-year deadline was A such a railway, Sir John caused a scandal, was not very fast approaching A. Macdonald, Canada’s first known as the interested in and Macdonald prime minister, was determined Pacific Scandal, building the knew he had to to keep his promise to the people which was the railway. It do something of British Columbia. However, reason Macdonald’s wasn’t until to show the Macdonald’s Conservative government lost the election of 1878, when Macdonald province the government soon ran into trouble 1873 and the Liberals came to was re-elected prime minister that railway was on when private financiers hired to power. The Liberal government, construction of the railway started its way. Canada’s First Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald John Alexander Macdonald, who colonies there was the vast Parliament passed the was born in Glasgow, Scotland on expanse of land in the West BNA Act, creating January 10, 1815, came with his known as Rupert’s Land. the of parents to Kingston, Upper Canada Canada. For the in 1820 when he was only five years During his years as a key role he played old. After receiving his education politician in Upper in bringing about and becoming a lawyer, Macdonald Canada, Macdonald Confederation, was elected to Upper Canada’s supported joining the Queen Legislative Assembly at the age of colonies together to form knighted Macdonald, 29 and by 1857 was Premier of Canada. After meetings in giving him the title of Upper Canada. In Macdonald’s early Charlottetown, Prince Edward Sir. Macdonald, elected as years as a politician, Canada, as we Island in 1864 and Quebec Canada’s first Prime know it today, did not exist. Instead City, Quebec in 1865, In this Minister, held that there were several British North Macdonald and the other caricature of Sir office from 1867 American colonies – Newfoundland, Fathers of Confederation John A. Macdonald, to 1873 and again Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, worked out a deal that CPR president Cornelius from 1878 until Van Horne used his New Brunswick, Lower Canada would form the basis talent as an artist to his death on (today called Quebec), Upper of the British North poke gentle fun at June 6, 1891. Canada (today called Ontario), and America (BNA) Act. On Canada’s prime British Columbia. In addition to the July 1, 1867, the British minister.

page 3 Building a Nation

he best way to show that the railway some of the most treacherous geography was coming to British Columbia in the . Many workers lost T was to start building tracks. So, the their lives building this section of the Canadian government hired an American transcontinental railway, but the contractor, , to start tracks built by these men showed construction. Over the next seven years British Columbians the railway 15,000 men, including many Chinese was on its way. Canada had labourers, built 545 km of in British kept its promise and British Columbia from to Eagle Pass. Columbia decided to remain The work was dangerous and cut through part of the country.

CPR Honours Chinese Workers On May 27, 2005, Canadian Pacific For many years, the contribution of labourers. More recently, the Royal Railway named the railway the Chinese railway workers went Canadian Mint launched a two-coin interchange in , largely uncelebrated. commemorative set marking the British Columbia Fifteen years ago 120th anniversary after Chinese of the completion labourer Cheng Ging of the CPR and the Butt. The Cheng important part Interchange honors played by the the many labourers Chinese workers who toiled, some in building the sacrificing their lives, railway. In 2005, to build the western CPR, once again building track section of the CPR from CPR, working with the to expand in the West, took the Port Moody to Chinese community, opportunity to celebrate the Chinese Craigellachie, BC. erected a monument in workers from the 1880s with the honouring Chinese railway dedication of the Cheng Interchange. page 4 Birth of Canadian Pacific Railway ith construction underway general declared the Canadian Pacific of railway track. But soon things in the West, the Canadian Railway Company “official” and the started moving along after the W government still needed railway company was born. The next day, railway hired William Cornelius someone to complete the rest of the George Stephen was named the Van Horne. CPR offered Van railway from the East. That is when a company’s president. The government Horne a salary of $15,000 a year, group of investors stepped gave the company $25 million and a very large sum of money for forward with the money and 25 million acres of land to build the 1880s, to become the railway’s know-how to complete Canada’s first transcontinental railway. general manager. His job was to the project. On Unfortunately, things didn’t get off to a finish building the railway over the February 16, 1881, very good start. During the first year of and through the mountains. Canada’s governor construction crews laid only 211 kilometers

on with their “trunks all William Cornelius InVan addition Horneto being a aboard.” Author Barbara Nichol smart business man was so inspired by Van Horne’s Van Horne was known elephant sketches she wrote for his great intellectual a book of verse using his curiosity. He had many illustrations. This children’s book interests, including was published in 2001Trunks and is geology, gardening, appropriately called, sketching, and art All Aboard. collecting. He was one of the first people in The story of the CPR would Canada to acquire probably be quite a different one artworks by French impressionist if Van Horne had not been at the railway’s helm in its early days. William Cornelius Van Horne is painters. After his retirement, Van Today, Van Horne is remembered most famous for overseeing the later, he became Horne indulged in his passion for ip to in as “the aristocratic railway builder construction of the Canadian of CPR, a job he held until his sketching. On a tr of the Canadian Pacific” in the Pacific Railway. This was a great retirement in 1899. Van Horne 1909, Van Horne sent hand drawn Canadian Railway Hall of Fame. achievement, but just one of the was appointed Chairman of postcards to his grandson in ways Van Horne left his mark on CPR’s Board of Directors that . He loved to draw the railway and Canada. Van same year, a position he held elephants, including elephants Horne became one of CPR’s first until his resignation in 1910. vice presidents in 1884. Four years page 5 Conquering the Mountains n 1882, with Van Horne in charge of It took him two seasons to find a pass that the construction, crews laid 673 kilometers railway could use to cross the . I of track. The dream of a transcontinental The pass was called in honour of railway was getting closer to being a reality. But, the Major. In addition to having the pass named first there was one big problem to overcome – after him, Rogers was rewarded with $5,000 how to get through the mountains? In the late and a gold watch for his work. Today, CPR uses 1880s CPR did not have the modern equipment it under the mountains, while the Trans- does today, so laying tracks through the mountains Canada Highway follows the original CPR route was a difficult task. Major A.B. Rogers, a surveyor, over Rogers Pass. started looking for a possible route in 1881.

Connaught

The Rogers Pass was so steep trains needed pusher to help them get over the top. In the winter often blocked the tracks and many people lost their lives, either caught in an or digging out from one. It soon became clear that a tunnel through the mountain would be safer than going over Rogers Pass. On December 9, 1916, Canada’s Governor- General, His Royal Highness the Duke of Connaught, officially opened the tunnel that bears his name. The served the railway as a double track tunnel until November 11, 1958. It was then converted to single track operation so that the higher and wider loads on rail cars would fit. page 6 By 1887, CPR had built 31 showsheds to protect trains from heavy snow and avalanches in the Selkirk Mountains of BC Tunnel

By the 1970s, CPR needed additional tracks to move its trains more efficiently, so the company began the third and most expensive of all the Rogers Pass projects. In 1982 CPR started construction on a project to make it possible for Surveyors had to longer and heavier trains to travel through Rogers Pass push their way through with ease. The project, which consisted of a 1,229-metre dense bush and scramble long viaduct, a shorter 1.9-kilometre tunnel, and a longer over rugged terrain, and were 14.7-kilometre tunnel, was completed in the late 1980s. The new , with its gentle also in danger of forest fires, slope, meant that pusher locomotives were no longer drowning, grizzly bears, and needed to help trains through Rogers Pass. This other wild animals, as modern-day engineering feat is the longest well as hordes of pesky tunnel in the and on mosquitoes October 15, 2003 the tunnel was named to the Canadian Railway Hall of Fame.

CPR workers dig out from one of the worst winter storms to ever hit the prairies and hope for better weather soon. A CPR track worker carves up the rails on his velocipede. Can he do a rock and roll on that thing?

page 7 The Last Spike he CPR soon found out the region. The nearly completed railway it was very expensive was used to move troops to the area in less T to build railway tracks than 10 days. This proved to the government through the mountains. By 1885 how useful a railway was to the country and the company had run out of the government decided to help CPR with its money and needed more to financial difficulties so the railway could finish building the tracks. At be completed. Just a few months later, on the same time CPR was having November 7, 1885, Donald A. Smith drove financial difficulties, Canada the last spike into the railway tracks at was dealing with the Second Craigellachie, BC, to commemorate the track Northwest Rebellion on the from the East meeting up with Onderdonk’s Prairies. The government track from the West. Sir John A. Macdonald’s needed to get soldiers from dream of a transcontinental railway was to the West now real. Eight months later the first to control the unrest with transcontinental left Toronto and the Métis and some of the Montreal, on June 28, 1886, for the peoples of Pacific Coast.

The Boy in the Photo If you look railroad construction workers At the ceremony, he returned home closely at the in BC. He made good money for Edward, who was short and studied to photo of the last several months, until the two ends for his age, wormed his way become an spike, you will of the rail-track drew close to each forward between the burly architect and notice the face of a boy in the other and most workers left the track-workers crowding around surveyor. He centre of the picture. This is Edward area. Before ending his adventure, the CPR dignitaries, until he was became a success- Mallandaine, who was born in Edward decided to attend the in the front row. A few moments ful land developer and was Victoria, BC, on July 1, 1867, the very historic last spike event. So, he later Edward poked his head co-founder of the town of day of Canada’s Confederation. hopped aboard an open flat-car, around Donald Smith’s shoulder Creston, BC. Edward passed away Edward left school when he was 14 enduring a bumpy ride through just as photographer Alexander in 1949 at the age of 82, forever years old and began providing a a bitterly cold night to reach Ross took his famous picture. Soon remembered as the boy in the pony express delivery service to the Craigellachie on Nov. 7, 1885. after Edward had his picture taken picture of the Last Spike. page 8 Famous People ? Canadian Pacific Railway has travelled in Sir John A’s been providing famous private car, Jamaica, people with special trains across Canada. Lady almost since its beginnings. Agnes rode on the front Just one week after Canada’s of the train through the first transcontinental train mountains and started a What is a Cowcatcher? arrived in Port Moody, BC, trend. A few years later, Canada’s The cowcatcher is not really for July 4, 1886, CPR’s first governor general, Lord Stanley Crowfoot, catching cows, but the name is special travellers – Prime of Preston, whose lasting head chief of the much more fun than the official Minister Sir John A. legacy is hockey’s Stanley Cup, Blackfoot, wearing his lifetime pass to travel on the term for a series of metal bars on Macdonald and his travelled across Canada in CPR. Van Horne gave Crowfoot the front of a – a pilot. wife, Lady Agnes 1889. He and Lady Stanley the pass after the resolution of The device deflects objects from Macdonald – took a also rode on the front of the a dispute about the railway’s the track that might otherwise transcontinental train through the mountains. construction through the derail the train. Perhaps the pilot train trip. They Blackfoot reserve. became known as a cowcatcher after a cow decided to catch a ride on A group of CPR a passing I’m a kid, maybe workers held locomotive. I’ll be famous one day their own Last Spike ceremony after Driving the the official Last Spike was driven at Craigellachie. Forget the Last Spike top hats, these were the real workers. November 7, 2005 marked the Donald Smith had the honour 120th anniversary of the driving of using a spike maul, or sledge and the rail workers who had of the last spike. It was on this hammer, to drive the last spike just joined the two sets of tracks date in 1885 at 9:25 a.m. joining the track from the east earlier that morning. Although that Canadian Pacific Railway to the track built from the west. there were no reporters or finished laying the track for The ceremony, which took place politicians at the ceremony, Second to Last Spike Canada’s first transcontinental in Craigellachie, BC, was the event was marked by a railway. Company director Sir attended by several CPR officials very famous photo on page 8.

Craigellachie CRAIG-AL-A-GHEE page 9

five to 122 farms. 122 to five

ready-made farms in 24 colonies of of colonies 24 in farms ready-made

1909 and 1919, CPR developed 762 developed CPR 1919, and 1909

akto,Ssacea.Between . ,

line from , to Alberta Wetaskiwin, from line

colonies were built along the CPR the along built were colonies

Alberta. Later ready-made farm ready-made Later Alberta.

colonies sprouted up in southern in up sprouted colonies The first ready-made farm ready-made first The

CPR didn’t just settlers for advertise in Eastern Canada, it also ran in European advertisements to tellabout people newspapers of the fertilethe farmland Prairies.Canadian In 1909 CPR spent promoting more money Canadian than the immigration government.

larger farms. larger

smaller farms and $2,500 for for $2,500 and farms smaller

annual payments of $1,300 for $1,300 of payments annual

the railway. The cost was ten equal ten was cost The railway. the

schools, churches and, of course, of and, churches schools,

seed. They were located near located were They seed.

of the land plowed and ready to ready and plowed land the of

farms were fenced, with one third one with fenced, were farms

and pump. The 65- to 130-hectare to 65- The pump. and

qipdwt os,br,well barn, house, a with equipped

Ready Made Farms Made Ready

ready-made farms. Each farm came farm Each farms. ready-made

CPR solved this problem by selling by problem this solved CPR

in the environment. In 1909, In environment. Prairie the in

and settlers to come West and settlers to come by selling land from the railway’s them farm original 25 million acre land grant at bargain prices. help sell its To land, CPR set up 10 experimental along the railway farms Prairie in 1884.tracks An exhibit car full of on toured grown crops these farms Easternaround Canada to show Ontariopotential settlers from and Prairies. of the bounty Quebec the farm to how know not did settlers

However, there was one problem; one was there However,

government to build the railway. the build to government

had received from the Canadian the from received had

decided to sell some of the land it land the of some sell to decided

ostl ntePare,CPR Prairies, the on settle to In order to encourage immigrants encourage to order In ver the nextver years several to continued the railway grow. By 1889, the railway

Settling the West the Settling O extended from coastextended from to coast reaching Saint John, NB, and the expanding into other CPR was businesses. the railway In order for to be profitable, it needed passengers and , but not people many Westin the lived railway when the firstwas built. So, as early 1881, gotthe railway in land involved settlement and land sales. CPR actively recruited immigrants

Heading for a a for Heading new life in Canada in life new page 10 Touring Canada he railway also became president William Chateau Lake hot springs at the base of Sulphur involved in many other Van Horne decided Louise were Mountain in Alberta; Van Horne T enterprises. In 1882, CPR to build three hotels. built. Van decided this would be a perfect bought the parcel carrier The hotels, Mount Horne also spot for a park. The Canadian Dominion Express and started an Stephen in Field, BC, saw the government created a 26- express parcel service door to Glacier House in potential of kilometre reservation around door. That same year the railway Rogers Pass, BC and the tourist the springs in November 1885, transmitted its first commercial Fraser Canyon House trade and so declaring that the springs would telegram over telegraph lines in North Bend, BC proposed setting belong to all – as part erected alongside its track. After were very modest, up a national of Canada’s first national park. the last spike was driven in 1885, but they paved the parks system to Park (later CPR realized that passengers on way for the construction of other draw tourists to the renamed ) the railway needed a place to stop hotels along CPR’s rail line. It Rocky Mountains. received royal assent in 1887. and rest. In wasn’t long before grand resort In 1883 three CPR construction There are now 41 national parks 1886 CPR hotels like the Banff Springs and workers had discovered a natural across Canada.

Entertainment and refreshments in the pool at the in the years between World Wars I and II. Life was tough sometimes. page 11 Swiss Guides After Canadian day by hiring Swiss Pacific Railway guides to safely guide built hotels in tourists to the tops of Alberta and mountains. British Columbia, lots of tourists In June 1899 the began to vacation first two Swiss in the luxurious guides, Christian accommodations Häsler and and enjoy the Edouard Feuz fabulous views in arrived. They Canada’s first national settled in and park. Amateur prepared to offer mountain climbers their guiding were also coming skills to CPR west to conquer the hotel guests unscaled mountain at Glacier, peaks. The Field and tourist Lake trade was Louise. The Telegraph Boy booming, Swiss Christmas was a special time of decorated with but then, in guides made it safe year for telegrams, as relatives pictures of holly, 1896, an for just about wanted to let loved ones far away poinsettias, doves amateur anyone to climb a know they weren’t forgotten and Christmas mountain mountain. In fact in the during the holiday season. People scenes. Along with climber fell to his 55 years between 1899 and 1954 felt very important when instead season’s greetings, they also death while climbing Mount that CPR's Swiss guides led guests of the postman trudging through contained a special message from Lefroy. This tragic accident could up and down mountain peaks, the snow with a Christmas card, a the person who sent the telegram. have halted the tourist trade to passes and glaciers, not a single CPR telegraph boy came to the CPR went a step further in the the mountains, but CPR saved the person died. door. A telegraph boy was always 1930s when Santagrams were outfitted in a gray uniform, introduced. These special complete with a cap, boots and telegrams were from Santa Dear Tommy stop you are in big trouble even leggings; in his hand would Claus himself and were a real be a brightly coloured holiday hit with children anxiously stop there are 42 more nights stop this telegram designed by CPR’s art waiting to hear whether they department. The telegrams were were on his good or naughty list! is your last warning stop Santa stop page 12 Canadian Pacific Railway Goes to War ime he wart d outt he CPR continued to help build Canada and n helpe Wome rt by manufacturingngus its economy through its many businesses. effo CPR’s A itions in The railway was also a great help to Canada’s mun real T Shops in Mont r efforts during the First from 1914 to 1918. ssenge CPR pa CPR devoted its rail repair shops to wartime shell cars converted tore production and CPR ships transported 810,000 troops hospital cars wed and millions of tons of supplies and ammunition. When used by the Re Cross to transportiers the war ended in ed sold wound 1918, Canada to their homes nada. had lost almost across Ca 62,000 men out of a population of just 8 million and CPR had lost 1,116 employees. Strathcona’s Horse In 1899, Canada became involved in horses, called its first overseas conflict – the Boer Strathcona’s War (1899-1902), sending volunteers Horse, fought and troops to South Africa in support with distinction of Great Britain. Canadian Pacific and returned Railway director Donald Alexander home at the end Smith, Lord Strathcona and Mount of the war highly Royal, felt that the Canadian decorated. government’s commitment was lacking, so using his own money, Today, the Lord Strathcona’s he equipped and funded a Horse (Royal Canadians) is mounted cavalry. Five based in , Alberta. hundred thirty seven Each year, the Strathcona officers and men, as well as Mounted Troop performs 599 horses, arrived in Cape mounted rides and Town, South Africa on April demonstrations across 10, 1900. The men and Western Canada. page 13 School Days fter the war Canada brought education by rail to continued to prosper children living in Northern A and the need for services Ontario. The railway also grew. But travel in the 1900s was introduced a specially equipped not nearly as easy as it is today dental car to bring free dental care and many children in remote to Northern Ontario children. areas did not have the opportunity to attend school without travelling On the Prairies, CPR used its great distances from home. CPR travelling tree-planting cars to found a solution in 1926 with its educate children and adults how school cars that to plant trees on the bald, parched prairie farmland.

snowshoes in the winter to attend School Cars classes. Once Friday arrived, the classrooms. Each school car was school car would move on to its divided into two parts. One half next destination over the weekend, leaving the students with enough If there were no schools near your was a classroom, complete with restry a chalkboard, charts, a map, desks, homework to last them until the house where would you go to school car visited again. learn? To solve this problem for and a library and the other half CPR and the Canadian Fo an, children living in northern Ontario, was comfortable living quarters Association taught the youngar sp Today you can still see one of CPR’s a 50-ye the provincial government decided for the teacher. and the old hows. Into plant trees original school cars on display at Prairie re planted. elled from place n the to bring the school to the children. o The school cars trav the in 500 million trees we In 1926, the Ontario Department Delson/Saint-Constant, Quebec. of Education hired the Canadian to place with each stop lasting five Pacific Railway, the Canadian days at a time. Students often National Railway and Ontario travelled by foot in the summer or Northland Railway to use some of their railcars as travelling page 14 Freight from a Canadian Pacific Airlines’ Douglas DC-3 will complete To War, Again its journey by horse-drawn sleigh. he 1930s were not easy for During the next six Air Lines in President Franklin CPR. Canada was in the midst years, CPR moved 307 1942. CPR also Delano Roosevelt and British T of an economic depression million tons of freight transformed Prime Minister Winston Churchill and the newly formed Canadian and 86 million major portions of its planned the D-Day invasion into National Railways was competing passengers, including rail repair shops in Montreal and France, which ultimately won the with CPR for business. Then in 1939 many soldiers and sailors. Twenty- to build munitions, naval war in Europe. CPR’s huge war World War II broke out and the two CPR ships went to war and 12 guns and tanks. At CPR’s Chateau effort came with a cost, 21,787 company once more devoted its of them were sunk. In the air, CPR Frontenac hotel in CPR employees enlisted in World resources to Canada’s war effort. pioneered the “ Bridge” CPR helped Canada host two very War II, 658 – the transatlantic ferrying of important meetings in 1943 and sacrificed bombers to Britain. CPR set up 1944 called the Quebec Conferences. their lives. pilot training schools and opened It was at the first Quebec Conference Canada’s far north to modern-day where Canadian Prime Minister travel, creating Canadian Pacific William Lyon Mackenzie King, From 1941 to 1943, CPR’s Angus Shops in Montreal produced 1,420 With many male blah blah Valentine army tanks to support employees off FALA! blah blah the Allies in World War II. fighting in he blahbla blablabla war, it was up to blah blah blah FALA! Women Railroaders women to keep blah blah blahbla the railway blablabla blah During both and World War II, running. These Canadian Pacific Railway turned its women are wiping railway shops into munitions down a locomotive factories. Because so many men between were overseas fighting, there runs. was a real shortage of workers and women stepped in to fill lled the void. Women not only well-trave was a ying worked at manufacturing r Fala terrie ttish munitions, they also served as Sco reign engine wipers, car cleaners and and well-loved dog, accompan r US President Franklin Roosevelt and his Lyon nurses. Today women work in illiam wife Eleanor on many isofte theirr W fo all aspects of the rail industry e Min trips. In this P photorim Fala shows off fo from locomotive engineers to dian Cana executive positions. Mackenzie King at the 1943 Quebec City Conference. page 15 Travelling in Style For over 100 years, senators, prime originally built for CPR executives, Executives and visitors not only scenery. ministers, presidents, dukes and so they could travel the railway slept in comfort, they also dined Today the duchesses, princes and princesses, in comfort. The cars are elegant, in high style with fine linens, elegance kings, queens and emperors have with wood paneling and carvings china and silverware. When of these travelled in style on Canadian of the finest mahogany and passengers weren’t sleeping or bygone days of train travel has Pacific Railway’s trains. These other exotic woods. They also eating they could relax in the been recreated by CPR’s Royal visitors travelled on special have bedrooms with beds rather comfortable chairs in the lounge Canadian Pacific Train. passenger cars known as business than berths, as well as private area at the back of each car and cars. The business cars were bathrooms. view Canada’s spectacular

page 16 Getting Back to Business fter the war effort, it was often the first to introduce new This allowed the railway to increase For example, three of today’s 4,400 time to get back to the technology. In 1952, CPR was the first the length of its trains and the horsepower AC4400 CW AC-traction A business of being a railway to offer the new generation amount of freight carried on each locomotives do the work of five railway. Before the war all but one of piggyback service where truck train. Several years later, in 1984, 1960s-to-1980s 3,000-h.p. SD40-2 of CPR’s locomotives were powered trailers are carried on railway CPR was the first railway in North DC-traction locomotives. While AC by steam. Then in the 1950s, CPR . A few years later, in 1967, America to pioneer the use of locomotives are more expensive, began using diesel locomotives CPR introduced Canada’s first AC-traction locomotives. AC they are more fuel efficient, have eventually retiring the last of its remote-controlled mid-train diesel locomotives have a much greater better reliability and require less steam locomotives in the 1960s. locomotives in freight service, using hauling capacity then standard maintenance than DC locomotives. CPR, known for its ingenuity, was a “robot” radio-command system. direct current (DC) locomotives.

Chimpanzees in transit on CPR make sure they don’t get misplaced. You just never know!

The cab of a modern locom otive s lot ports s of com CPR’s Roving equipment.puter Ambassador General Electric produced diesel- service before being retired on May electric locomotives as early as 1918, 26, 1960. After a complete three-year but it took several years before In 2001, the CPR Empress 2816 re- rebuild, 2816 has been restored to its Canadian Pacific Railway was diesel locomotives are easier to entered active service as a roving original splendor. Each year the CPR convinced that diesel power was maintain and operate more ambassador for CPR. This class H1b Empress visits communities along here to stay. At the end of 1942, CPR efficiently than steam locomotives. Hudson-type locomotive was built the CPR’s mainline, once again operated 1,686 steam locomotives Today, all of CPR’s locomotives are by Montreal Locomotive Works in thrilling spectators, young and old, and only one . But diesel, except for one very special December 1930 and logged more with the sights and the sounds of it soon it became apparent that . than two million miles in active the steam era. page 17 liday CPR Ho Trains meet at S Much More Than a Railway nada/U the Ca their rder on s the company continued railway; ships; hotels; mines, bo annual trek to od and to grow and expand its minerals and manufacturing; raise fo business beyond the oil and gas exploration; airlines; money to help ight A in the f railway, it changed its name in 1971 telecommunications; trucking; from Canadian Pacific Railway to and real estate. By the 1980s, against hunger. . Although CPL had become Canada’s second the company had many interests, largest company with some its main businesses were: the 100,000 employees.

MovingacrossNorthAmerica

rom the late 1970s, when In 1996, Canadian Pacific Railway to Calgary, CPR launched its about was formed to take moved its head office to Calgary, first Holiday Train, which hunger by F over passenger services in Alberta from Montreal, Quebec. has become an annual collecting Canada, CPR concentrated on The railway decided it made more Holiday Tradition. As the donations its freight service. The railway sense to be located in Alberta close train travels across Canada of food and continued to expand in the early to Prairie grain and BC coal, two and the US, it gives CPR employees money for 1990s with its two US railways – products that make up a large the chance to say thank you to the community the and the percentage of goods moved by the communities along its tracks. The food banks in each town and city Delaware and Hudson Railway. railway. Three years after moving train also helps raise awareness the train visits. page 18 The expanded its rail business Soo Line The Delaware and Hudson Railwayand in 1928 changed its The Delaware and Hudson Railway name to the Delaware and has been called “America’s Hudson Railroad. Canadian Railroad oldest continually operated Pacific Railway acquired the Two of Canadian transportation company”. D&H D&H in 1990. Today the D&H Pacific Railway’s started out as a canal company operates as part of the CPR founders, Donald Smith and in 1823, and later built one of the and gives the railway access George Stephen, began investing in the first railroads in the United States. to New City and other , Sault Ste. Marie and Atlantic In the late 1890s, the company sold parts of the northeastern Railway in the late 1800s. CPR owned the its canal and changed its name to the United States. controlling interest in the railroad, commonly Delaware and Hudson Company. Over called the Soo Line, for many years. In 1992 the next several years the company CPR increased its ownership of the railroad, acquiring all of the railroad’s shares. Today the Soo Line is the United States arm of the CPR, serving , Illinois and the areas North America’s to the east and west. First Steam Engine through the Pronounce The Delaware and Hudson Moosic Canal Company not only Mountains. That Name built one of the first The mountains railroads in the United had a few flat The Soo Line Railroad had a much States, it was also the first tive ever longer name when the company was spots and e firstlocomo ridge Lion” – th first started. It wasn’t long before company to own a steam instead of The “Stourb . ad in America engine. The company was using horses run upon a railro people started to shorten Minneapolis, started to transport coal to pull the rail St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railway. from Pennsylvania to New cars, the D&H and on August 8, 1829 But, instead of Sault, the phonetic York City. The coal first went decided to use steam became the first company spelling of Soo was used. In 1950, Soo by boat down the Hudson locomotives. The company in North America to Line became the railroad’s trade name. River and then through ordered four of the new operate a steam engine. A decade later, Soo Line Railroad canals along the Delaware inventions from became the railroad’s official name. River to incline railways

Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railway = Soo Line Railroad page 19 A New Beginning n October 3, 2001, a Canadian Pacific Railway. Since AC locomotives of all the large employees and the public, momentous event becoming a separate company, North American railways and especially children. That is why O occurred in the CPR has continued to use many of its trains exceed 3,000 the CPR Police and Operation railway’s history. Canadian Pacific technology and ingenuity to move meters. As CPR trains become Lifesaver offer public education Limited was dissolved and the more and more products on its more frequent and longer, being sessions at schools and other company’s main businesses trains. CPR has the most safe around trains remains one public events to educate people became five separate companies. of the company’s most important about train safety. Remember, One of the five, of course, was messages for both being safe is being smart.

Trains appear at any time and simply can’t stop on a dime. Operation Be sharp, think smart Lifesaver and clear the track. LOOK! LISTEN! LIVE! Obey the law and watch Every year Operation Lifesaver and the railways bring the your back! safety message Stay Off, Stay Away, Stay Alive! to thousands at 100 kilometres an hour requires of school children in Canada about 1.1 kilometres to stop. and the United States. Safety A passenger train travelling at videos, written materials and 67 pedestrian deaths and 34 120 kilometres an hour requires extensive web sites are also serious pedestrian injuries. In the Did you know? about 1.6 kilometres to stop. provided by Operation Lifesaver. Did you know that in 2004 there United States, a person or vehicle is For more information on were 237 collisions between trains hit by a train approximately every Operation Lifesaver Canada go and motor vehicles at highway two hours and many of these to www.operationlifesaver.ca or railway crossings in Canada, accidents involve death or serious and in the United States resulting in 25 deaths and 50 people injuries. Trains cannot stop quickly. www.oli.org. badly hurt? In addition to highway An average freight train travelling or railway crossing collisions, there were 99 trespassing incidents, page 20 A Promising Future ince the dream of a very important part in delivering transcontinental railway these products – everything from S was first realized Canadian cars to toys – to stores throughout Pacific Railway has become one North America. By building more of the most recognized of all track, CPR can move about 400 companies in Canada and beyond. more railcars each day. This means After celebrating 125 years of goods from the Port of success, CPR has begun another are transported across the continent exciting chapter in its long history. faster and more efficiently. Canadian A major expansion project was Pacific Railway has had many completed in 2005, when CPR built momentous events throughout its additional tracks in British Columbia, long and illustrious history, but CPR transports windmills from the United States Alberta and Saskatchewan. North none more exciting than the to a wind farm in Saskatchewan. Americans are buying more products future that stretches before it. from places like China and Western Expansion Japan and the railway plays a The Prairies-to-Vancouver track, consumer goods made in Asia and sidings, laying sections of double which crosses the rugged Rocky destined for Canadian store track, improving signal systems Mountains, is Canadian Pacific shelves have also increased. In and installing staging tracks and Railway’s busiest rail line. order to meet this demand, CPR track-to-track crossovers. During Canadian resources, such as coal undertook a project in 2005 to the construction, CPR installed and wheat, shipped to Asia expand freight capacity on this more than 530,000 feet of rail, continue to grow and imports of busy stretch of track. The work 137,000 crossties, and 300,000 involved building and extending tons of rock ballast.

page 21 © 2006 Canadian Pacific Railway • Communications and Public Affairs • www.cpr.ca