Diction for Singers: Implementing Flipped Learning Into the Diction Classroom
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
!"#$"%&'(%)'*"&+,)*-'"./0,.,&$"&+'(0"//,!'0,1)&"&+'"&$%'$2,'!"#$"%&' #01**)%%.' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 34' ' 156789':;;5' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' *<3=>??7@'?;'?A7'B9C<8?4';B'?A7' D9C;3E'*CA;;8';B'.<E>C'>5'F9G?>98'B<8B>88=75?' ;B'?A7'G7H<>G7=75?E'B;G'?A7'@76G77I' !;C?;G';B'.<E>C' "5@>959'J5>K7GE>?4' !7C7=37G'LMNO' ' 1CC7F?7@'34'?A7'B9C<8?4';B'?A7' "5@>959'J5>K7GE>?4'D9C;3E'*CA;;8';B'.<E>CI' >5'F9G?>98'B<8B>88=75?';B'?A7'G7H<>G7=75?E'B;G'?A7'@76G77' !;C?;G';B'.<E>C' ' ' !;C?;G98'#;==>??77'' ' ' ' PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP' QG75?'+9<8?I')7E79GCA'!>G7C?;G' ' ' ' ' PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP' 27>@>'+G95?'.<GFA4I'#A9>G' ' ' ' ' PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP' +9G4'1GK>5' ' ' ' ' PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP' .9G4'155'29G?' ' ' &;K7=37G'NRI'LMNO' ' ' >>' ' ' !"#$%#&"'( ' >>>' ' !"#$%&'()*(+($,-. # $A>E'@;C<=75?'C;<8@'5;?'A9K7'3775'C;=F87?7@'S>?A;<?'?A7'A78F'95@'75C;<G967=75?'BG;=' =954'F7;F87'?AG;<6A;<?'=4'@76G77'95@'G7E79GCAT'"'S>EA'?;'7UFG7EE'=4'6G9?>?<@7'?;S9G@E'=4' G7E79GCA'@>G7C?;GI'!GT'QG75?'+9<8?I'B;G'A>E'>5EF>G9?>;5'>5'?A7'G7E79GCA'FG;C7EEI'A>E'E<FF;G?I'95@'A>E' S>88>5657EE'?;'S98V'98;56E>@7'=7'?AG;<6A'C;5?>5<98'6<>@95C7I'>5E>6A?EI'7@>?EI'95@'E<667E?>;5ET'$;' =4'K;>C7'?79CA7G'95@'?A7'CA9>G';B'?A7'C;==>??77I'/G;BT'27>@>'+G95?'.<GFA4I'B;G'A7G'CA77G'95@' C;5B>@75C7'>5'=4'S;GVT'27G'9G?>E?G4'95@'F9EE>;5'B;G'=<E>C'A9E'3775'9'?G<7'=;?>K9?>;5'>5'=4' @7E>G7'?;'37C;=7'9'37??7G'9G?>E?'95@'95'7@<C9?;GT'.954'?A95VE'?;'/G;BT'.9G4'155'29G?'B;G'A7G' C;5E?95?'S>88>5657EE'?;'A78F';<?'SA75'9'E?<@75?'8>V7'=7'S9E'>5'577@';B'@>G7C?>;5T'$AG;<6A;<?'=4' =9E?7GWE'95@'@;C?;G98'@76G77EI'"'K>E>?7@'A7G';BB>C7'?;;'=954'?>=7E'E77V>56'9@K>C7I'3<?'A7G'EF>G>?' S78C;=7@'=7'=;G7'79CA'?>=7T'1'E>5C7G7'?A95VE'?;'/G;BT'+9G4'1GK>5'B;G'E7GK>56';5'988';B'=4' @;C?;G98'C;==>??77E'95@'EA9G>56'A>E'7UF7G?>E7'>5'@>C?>;5'95@'>5E>6A?B<8'6<>@95C7'S>?A'9'5;K>C7' @>C?>;5'?79CA7GT'"'7UFG7EE'=4'6G9?>?<@7'?;'!GT');37G?'29GG>E;5I'=4'B>GE?'"J'K;>C7'?79CA7GI'SA;' ?9<6A?'=7'?A7'=795>56';B'X?A7'9G?';B'E>56>56Y'95@'98E;'?;'!GT'QG>95'2;G57'SA;'=75?;G7@I' 75C;<G967@I'95@'7UC>?7@'=7'>5'=4'F9?A'9E'95'7@<C9?;GT' .4'A79G?B78?'9FFG7C>9?>;5'?;'=4'B9=>84'>5'Z;G79I':7;5V4<56'Z>='95@'*7;VA;':;;5'B;G' ?A7>G'?G<E?'>5'=7I'=4'FG947G[S9GG>;G'B9=>84'>5'.>EE;<G>I'*?7K7'$7GG4'95@'.9G4'$7GG4I'=4'B9=>84' >5'$7U9EI'0>E7'JA8'95@'$;==4',@@EI'SA;'57K7G'C79E7'?;'378>7K7'>5'=7I'95@'.GT'95@'.GET'$7@' 95@'*<7'+7??7G=95'B;G'?A7>G'75@87EE'FG947GE'95@'B;G'@7=;5E?G9?>56'SA9?'>?'=795E'?;'37'9'E7GK95?' ;B'+;@T'' (>59884I'S>?A;<?'?A7'8;K7I'E<FF;G?I'FG947GI'95@'F9?>75C7';B'=4'A<E395@I'D9E;5'$7GG4I'5;57' ;B'?A>E'S;<8@'A9K7'3775'F;EE>387'95@'=795>56B<8T'"'8;K7'4;<'98S94ET ' >K' ' /01'(.%2.3%$,($,-. ' 1CV5;S87@67=75?E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'>K! $9387';B'#;5?75?E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'K! 0>E?';B'(>6<G7E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'K>! 0>E?';B'$9387E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'K>>! 0>E?';B'1FF75@>C7E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'K>>>! #A9F?7G'N'-'"5?G;@<C?>;5'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'N! #A9F?7G'L'-'0>?7G9?<G7')7K>7S'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'\! #A9F?7G']'-'"5?7GK>7SE'S>?A'.9E?7G'$79CA7GE'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'LR! #A9F?7G'^'-'1FF8>C9?>;5'?;'9'!>C?>;5'#;<GE7'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT']\! #A9F?7G'_'-'#;5C8<E>;5'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'_L! 1FF75@>U'1-'*9=F87'#;<GE7'*48893<E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'_^! 1FF75@>U'Q-'*9=F87'07EE;5'/895E'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'_R! Q>38>;6G9FA4'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'`^! ' ' K' ' 45-,.%2.65*78(-. ' '(>6<G7'NT'$9U;5;=4';B'*>65>B>C95?'079G5>56T'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'LM' '' ' ' K>' ' 45-,.%2./01'(-. ' $9387'NT'15',U9=F87'$9387';B'"5?76G9?>56'*?967ET'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'LL' $9387'LT'"5?7GK>7S77'"5B;G=9?>;5'95@'"5?7GK>7S'!9?7T'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'LO' ' ' ' ' K>>' ' 45-,.%2.!99($)5"(-. ' 1FF75@>U'1-'*9=F87'#;<GE7'*48893<ET'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'_^' 1FF75@>U'Q-'*9=F87'07EE;5'/895ET'TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT'_R' ' ' ' ' K>>>' ' 3:09,(8.;<.=>/?@AB3/=@>. =+9%8,0$"(.%2.A5",5%$.2%8.C5$*(8-. %<G'6;98'9E'K;>C7'?79CA7GE'95@'E>56>56'9G?>E?E'>E'=;G7'?A95'a<E?'CG79?>56'9'379<?>B<8'E;<5@T' $A7G7'>E'5;'H<7E?>;5'?A9?'9CA>7K>56'9'G7E;595?I'7UFG7EE>K7I'95@'7BB>C>75?'E>56>56'K;>C7'>E'9'FG>=9G4' 9>=';B'K;C98'E?<@4I'3<?'=795>56B<8'C;==<5>C9?>;5'?AG;<6A'=<E>C'>E'?A7'<8?>=9?7'6;98T'b>?A;<?' 84G>CEI'9'E>56>56'K;>C7'8;E7E'?A7'=;E?'@>E?>5C?>K7'CA9G9C?7G>E?>C';B'?A7'>5E?G<=75?-'?A7'93>8>?4'?;' C;5K74'=795>56'?AG;<6A'?7U?T'X$A7'A<=95'K;>C7I'=;G7'?A95'954'>5E?G<=75?I'A9E'?A7'F;S7G';B' C;5K74>56'B778>56'?;'?A7'E;<8';B'95;?A7GI'95@'>5';G@7G'?;'?9V7'7K7G4'9@K95?967';B'?A>E'>=F;G?95?' H<98>?4I'?A7'K;>C7'EA;<8@'37'7=>??7@'S>?A'9'B<88'95@'E<E?9>57@'E;<5@'?9V>56'C9G7I'A;S7K7GI'5;?'?;' E9CG>B>C7'?A7'C879G'9G?>C<89?>;5';B'?A7'S;G@E'?;'=7G7'E;5;G>?4';B'K;>C7TYN'29K>56'6;;@'@>C?>;5'C95' 98E;'>=FG;K7'?;57'FG;@<C?>;5-'C879G'@>C?>;5'G7K>?98>c7E'?A7'757G64';B'?A7'K;>C7'95@'C95'9>@'>5'?A7' 79E7';B'?A7'E;<5@TL' !<G>56'A>E'C;==75C7=75?'EF77CA'9?'D<>88>9G@'>5'NOORI'$7GG75C7'.9C&9884'EA9G7@'?A9?' Xb;G@E';5'9'F967';584'7U>E?'>5'?S;'@>=75E>;5EI'9E'@;'5;?7E'>5'9'EC;G7db7'577@'4;<'?;'3G>56' ?A7='?;'8>B7TY]',BB7C?>K7'@>C?>;5'>E'9'V74'B9C?;G'57C7EE9G4'?;'CG79?7'?A>E'A7>6A?757@'7UF7G>75C7'?A9?' 7U>E?E'SA75'?7U?'95@'=<E>C'9G7'C;=3>57@T^'"?'>E'9'?;;8'?;'75A95C7'?A7'C;==<5>C9?>K7'=<E>C98' 7UF7G>75C7e'C879G'@>C?>;5'@78>K7GE'?A7'?7U?'95@'>E'<E7@'9E'9'GA7?;G>C98'@7K>C7'?;'C;5K74'?A7'E?;G4T' ' NT'(G95C7EC;'09=F7G?>I'!)(#*+,#"-#./01/01'f&7S':;GV-'+T'*CA>G=7GI'NROMgI'N_T' LT'.95<78'+9GC>9I'23+4/356#7(8#!+(3,/6(#"0#,)(#*+,#"-#./01/019#*#:";<(0=/">6#$(,)"=#"-# ?06,+>4,/"0@#8/,)#AB3;<C(6#30=#AB(+4/6(6#-"+#,)(#:>C,/'3,/"0#"-#,)(#D"/4('fQ;E?;5-'%8>K7G'!>?E;5'#;=F954I' NOMMgI#^]T' ]T'Z9?AG45'09Q;<BBI'./01/01#30=#:";;>0/43,/01#/0#A01C/6)9#*#./01(+56#2>/=(#,"#A01C/6)#E/4,/"0' f&7S':;GV-'%UB;G@'J5>K7GE>?4'/G7EEI'LMMRgI'K>>>T' ^T'+7G98@'0T'/A>88>FEI'X!>C?>;5-'1')A9FE;@4IY'F">+03C#"-#./01/01'_RI'5;T'_'f.94hD<57'LMMLg-'^M_T' N'' ' $AG;<6A'7BB7C?>K7'@>C?>;5I'F7GB;G=7GE'C95'9@@'9'K9G>7?4';B'C;8;GE'?;'?A7'=<E>CI'SA>CA'988;SE'?A7=' ?A7'BG77@;='?;'>5?7GFG7?'E?;G>7E'>5'<5>H<7'S94ET')75i7'(87=>56'SG;?7'?A9?'?A7'7BB>C>75?'<E7';B' @>C?>;5'A9E'?A7'F;S7G'X?;'3G>56'9'?7U?'?;'8>B7'95@'?;'37'9387'?;'576;?>9?7'988';B'?A7'E;<5@E';B'?A7' 8956<967'S>?A'?A7'879E?'9=;<5?';B'7BB;G?TY_'!>C?>;5'>E'>5E7F9G9387'BG;='?;57'>5'E>56>56I`'95@'SA75' S;G@E'9G7'5;?'C879G'>5'9'F7GB;G=95C7I'?A7'=<E>C98'C;==<5>C9?>;5'S>?A'?A7'8>E?757G'37C;=7E' 8>=>?7@'9E'S788T'!9K>@'1@9=EI'?A7'9<?A;G';B';57';B'?A7'=;E?'S>@784[<E7@'@>C?>;5'?7U?3;;VEI'E?9?7E' ?A9?'XB;G'9'E>567GI'A9K>56'>59@7H<9?7'8956<967'EV>88E'>E'7H<>K9875?'?;'A9K>56'>59@7H<9?7' >5?;59?>;5IY'95@'7UF89>5E'?A9?'F;;G'@>C?>;5'C;<8@'G7E<8?'>5'9'5769?>K7'F7GC7F?>;5'BG;='?A7' 9<@>75C7T\'$A7'?;57';B'?A7'K;>C7'95@'?A7'@78>K7G4';B'?A7'?7U?'EA;<8@'37'7=FA9E>c7@'7H<9884TR'''''''''' 1CC;G@>56'?;'?A7'&9?>;598'1EE;C>9?>;5';B'*CA;;8E';B'.<E>C'LMN\[LMNR'295@3;;VI'9' @>C?>;5'C;<GE7'>E'95'7EE75?>98'F9G?';B'=<E>C'7@<C9?>;5TO'Q<?'SA4'>E'>?'CG<C>98'?;'>5C8<@7'@>C?>;5' C;<GE7E'>5'9'@76G77'FG;6G9=j'1@9=E'7UF89>5E'?A9?'@>C?>;5'>5E?G<C?>;5'X@7K78;FE'95'79G'B;G'?A7' C9@75C7EI'=;@<89?>;5EI'95@'FAG9E>56E';B'9'8956<967TYNM'$AG;<6A'E?<@4>56'?A7'E;<5@'95@'G<87E';B' @>BB7G75?'8956<967EI'>5@>K>@<98E'376>5'?;'5;?>C7'?A7'E>=>89G>?>7E'95@'@>BB7G75C7E'>5'?A7>G'>559?7' GA4?A=EI'5<95C7EI'95@'C;8;GET'J5@7GE?95@>56'?A;E7'CA9G9C?7G>E?>CE'S>88'6<>@7'E>567GE'?;'CG79?7'9' =;G7'9<?A75?>C'95@'59?<G98'@78>K7G4';B'?A7'?7U?T'$A7'?G9>57@'79G'9CH<9>5?7@'S>?A'?A7'5<95C7'95@' ' _T')75i7'(87=>56I'B;G7S;G@'?;'./01/01#30=#:";;>0/43,/01#/0#A01C/6)9#*#./01(+56#2>/=(#,"# A01C/6)#E/4,/"0I'34'Z9?AG45'09Q;<BB'f&7S':;GV-'%UB;G@'J5>K7GE>?4'/G7EEI'LMMRgI'KT' `T')>CA9G@'.>887GI'G0#,)(#*+,#"-#./01/01#f&7S':;GV-'%UB;G@'J5>K7GE>?4'/G7EEI'NOO`gI'L\T' \T'!9K>@'1@9=EI'*#H30=I""J#"-#E/4,/"0#-"+#./01(+69#?,3C/30@#2(+;30@#K+(04)I'L5@'7@T'f&7S' :;GV-'%UB;G@'J5>K7GE>?4'/G7EEI'LMMRgI'U>>T' RT'$A;=9E'+G<33I'./01/01#/0#K+(04)9#*#$30>3C#"-#K+(04)#E/4,/"0#30=#K+(04)#D"43C#L(<(+,"/+(' f&7S':;GV-'*CA>G=7G'Q;;VEI'NO\OgI'U>>>T# OT'X&9?>;598'1EE;C>9?>;5';B'*CA;;8E';B'.<E>C'295@3;;V'LMN\[LMNRY'f)7E?;5I'k1-'$A7'&9?>;598' 1EE;C>9?>;5';B'*CA;;8E';B'.<E>CI'LMN\gI'NMN[N\]I'9CC7EE7@'.9GCA'N_I'LMNRI'A??FE-hh59E=T9G?E[ 9CCG7@>?T;G6hSF[C;5?75?h<F8;9@EhE>?7EhLhLMN\hNLh.[295@3;;V[LMN\[LMNRTF@BT'' NMT'1@9=EI'U>T' L'' '