Systemic University Change Towards Internationalisation for Academia MANUAL FOR SUCTIA TRAINERS February 2021 MANUAL FOR SUCTIA TRAINERS This manual is Intellectual Output 2 of SUCTIA SYSTEMIC UNIVERSITY CHANGE TOWARDS INTERNATIONALISATION FOR ACADEMIA Erasmus + Strategic Partnership Project 2019-1-PL01-KA203-065656 The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. 1 Editor: Amanda Murphy Authors (in alphabetical order): Uwe Brandenburg, Marina Casals Sala, Joanna Domagała, Jeanine Gregersen-Hermans, Karen M. Lauridsen, Maciej Markowski, Amanda Murphy, and Dolly Predovic. Acknowledgements (in alphabetical order): The following colleagues participated as scientific advisors and critical reviewers of various drafts of this manual: Jane Christopher, Marta Peña, Ana Inés Renta Davids, Mariana Sousa, Amélia Veiga, and Marina Vives. The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. 2 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION TO SUCTIA ......................................................................................... 7 1.1. WHAT IS SUCTIA? ............................................................................................................ 9 1.2. OBJECTIVES OF SUCTIA ................................................................................................ 10 1.3. ABOUT THIS MANUAL ...................................................................................................... 11 1.4. STRUCTURE OF THE SUCTIA IN-HOUSE TRAINING COURSE ........................................ 13 2. INTERNATIONALISATION OF THE INSTITUTION ............................................... 14 2.1. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONALISATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION ....................... 15 2.2. THE HISTORY OF THE INTERNATIONALISATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION .................. 17 2.2.1. HAVE UNIVERSITIES NOT ALWAYS BEEN INTERNATIONAL? ........................................... 17 2.2.2. UNIVERSITY MISSIONS: FROM SERVING THE NATION TO INTERNATIONALISATION ........ 18 2.3. WHAT DOES INTERNATIONALISATION OF HE ACTUALLY MEAN? ................................ 19 2.4. INTERNATIONALISATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION FOR SOCIETY (IHES) .................... 20 2.5. CURRENT GLOBAL TRENDS ............................................................................................ 21 2.5.1. CHANGING GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHICS (PO, EC) ............................................................. 22 2.5.2. INCREASING GLOBAL STUDENT DEGREE MOBILITY (EC, P, ER) .................................... 24 2.5.3. HIGHER EDUCATION AS A GLOBAL MARKET (EC) .......................................................... 25 2.5.4. CHANGING ROLE OF GOVERNMENTS (P, EC) ................................................................. 26 2.5.5. NON-TRADITIONAL MODELS IN IHE (P, EC, T) .............................................................. 27 2.5.6. DEMAND FROM EMPLOYERS (EC) .................................................................................. 27 2.5.7. POLITICS – POPULISM (P, EC, PO) ................................................................................. 27 2.6. CURRENT TRENDS IN INTERNATIONALISATION ............................................................ 29 2.6.1. FROM INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES (LATE 80S) TO SYSTEMATIC INSTITUTIONALISED COMPREHENSIVE INTERNATIONALISATION (P) ........................................................................... 29 2.6.2. FROM INDIVIDUAL “NICE-TO-HAVE” MOBILITY EXPERIENCE TO EDUCATING GLOBAL CITIZENS (P, EC, ER) .................................................................................................................. 29 3 2.6.3. FROM LIVING ON MYTHS TO FACT-BASED ACCOUNTABILITY OR … FROM INPUT TO OUTPUT, OUTCOME AND IMPACT (P, EC, ER) ............................................................................. 30 2.6.4. FROM ANGLO-WESTERN AND EUROPEAN-CENTRED INTERNATIONALISATION TO A TRULY GLOBAL APPROACH AND REGIONAL SELF-CONFIDENCE (P, PO, ER) .............................. 30 2.7. FUTURE GLOBAL TRENDS ................................................................................................... 32 2.7.1. AGEING POPULATION AND DOUBLE LIFE CYCLE ............................................................... 32 2.7.2. AVERAGE GLOBAL TEMPERATURE RISE ............................................................................ 33 2.7.3. XENOPHOBIA AND POPULISM MOST COMMON TRAITS IN MANY COUNTRIES .................... 33 2.7.4. THE TECHNOLOGICAL REVOLUTIONS: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND BIG DATA ... 34 2.8. RANKINGS ............................................................................................................................ 36 LEARNING OUTCOMES: AT THE END OF 2.8-2.10 PARTICIPANTS WILL .................................. 36 2.8.1. MAIN UNIVERSITY RANKINGS ............................................................................................ 37 2.9. YOUR OWN COUNTRY/REGION ........................................................................................ 39 2.10. YOUR OWN INSTITUTION ............................................................................................... 40 2.10.1. THE TRANSPORTATION METAPHOR .............................................................................. 40 2.11. UNITS INVOLVED IN INTERNATIONALISATION ............................................................. 42 2.12. CHANGE MANAGEMENT ................................................................................................ 43 2.13. WHAT IS IN IT FOR ME? ................................................................................................. 45 2.13.1. HOW CAN I CONTRIBUTE TO THE INTERNATIONALISATION OF MY INSTITUTION? ....... 45 3. INTERNATIONALISING TEACHING AND LEARNING ......................................... 51 3.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 52 3.2. TEACHING AND LEARNING IN THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSROOM ................................ 53 3.2.1. THE EXPERIENCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSROOM ................................................ 53 3.2.2. A COMPREHENSIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSROOM ................ 55 3.2.3. AN INTERNATIONALISED LEARNING OPPORTUNITY FOR ALL STUDENTS ....................... 56 3.3. INTERNATIONALISATION OF THE CURRICULUM AND INTERNATIONALISATION AT HOME .......................................................................................................................................... 57 3.4. INTERNATIONALISING CURRICULUM DESIGN AND DELIVERY ...................................... 59 3.4.1. INTENDED INTERNATIONALISED LEARNING OUTCOMES ................................................ 59 3.4.2. THE INTERNATIONAL, INTERCULTURAL, AND GLOBAL DIMENSIONS OF THE DISCIPLINARY CONTENT .............................................................................................................. 61 3.4.3. ALIGNMENT .................................................................................................................... 61 3.4.4. A STUDENT-CENTRED APPROACH TO TEACHING, LEARNING AND ASSESSMENT ............ 62 4. INTERNATIONALISING ACADEMICS ....................................................................... 70 4.1. INTRODUCTION – FACTORS IN ACADEMIC INTERNATIONALISATION ........................... 71 4.2. RESEARCH AND INTERNATIONALISATION ..................................................................... 74 4.3. PUBLICATIONS ................................................................................................................. 77 4.3.1. RESEARCH FELLOWS ...................................................................................................... 79 4.4. VISITING SCHOLARS/PROFESSOR ................................................................................... 81 4.5. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH NETWORKS, PROJECTS AND PARTNERSHIPS ................... 82 4.5.1. STRUCTURES FOR INTERNATIONALISATION OF RESEARCH ............................................ 82 4.5.2. INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS ............................................................................................. 82 4.6. INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONAL STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS ..................................... 86 4.7. EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES ............................................................................................... 88 4.8. OTHER NECESSARY FEATURES FOR INTERNATIONALISING RESEARCH ....................... 89 4.8.1. SOCIAL MEDIA AND ACADEMIC PLATFORMS FOR INTERNATIONALISING RESEARCH ..... 90 4.9. PRESENTATIONS FROM FELLOW ACADEMICS OF INTERNATIONALISATION ................ 92 4.10. PRESENTATIONS BY COURSE PARTICIPANTS ................................................................ 93 4 5. REFERENCES SECTION ................................................................................................ 94 6. APPENDIX ....................................................................................................................... 100 6.1. TIPS FOR TRAINERS ....................................................................................................... 101 6.2. SOCIAL