Sustainable Energy Action Plan and Baseline Emissions Inventory
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Sustainable Energy Action Plan and Baseline Emissions Inventory Prepared within DACO project (http://daco.encharter.org/en) funded by the European Commission 28 April 2014 1 TABLE OF CONTENT I THE BAU SCENARIO AND THE CO2 EMISSION TARGET …….…….…….3 II BACKGROUND INFORMATION ……….…..……………….…………………..4 III INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN OF SOMONIYON……………………….…………………………………………………….10 IV METHODOLOGY………..………………………………………………………..29 V BASELINE EMISSION INVENTORY OF SOMONIYON……….....…………42 VI SUSTAINABLE ENERGY ACTION PLAN OF SOMONIYON…….…………48 2 I. THE BAU SCENARIOAND THE CO2 EMISSION TARGET The Sustainable Energy Action Plan of Somoniyon city of Tajikistan is based on theBusiness As Usual scenario with Standard Emission Factors coefficients. It is expected that by 2020 the emissions will be reduced by about22,9% as compared with the situation in the BAU scenario. Figure 1. Emissions in 2020 of Somoniyon Table 1. Emissions Inventory ESTIMATIONS OF EMISSIONS IN 2020 EMISSIONS IN THE CO2 EMISSION (ESTIMATION WITH INVENTORY YEAR INVENTORY YEAR REDUCTION CO2 REDUCTION BAU COEFFICIENTS) 2012 2012 IN 2020 (BAU/absolu.red. Scenario) [ton/year] [ton/year] [ton/year] [% ] BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT/FACILITIES 7.463,81 16.644,29 3.767,78 22,64 Municipality Buildings Equipment/Facilities 331,45 739,14 73,25 9,91 Tertiary Buildings Equipment/Facilities 994,36 2.217,41 399,40 18,01 Residential Buildings 6.138,00 13.687,74 3.201,06 23,39 Municipal Public Lighting - - 94,06 - TRASPORTATION 17.681,76 39.430,32 9.071,63 23,01 Municipal Vehicle Fleet 59,67 133,07 33,27 25,00 Public Transportation - - - - Private and commercial transportation 17.622,08 39.297,24 9.038,37 23,00 LAND USE PLANNING - - - - TOTAL 25.145,56 56.074,61 12.839,41 22,90 3 II. BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND INTRODUCTION Somoniyon is situated 17 km away from the city of Dushanbe, the capital of the Republic of Tajikistan, and is the center of Rudaki district. Somoniyon is simultaneously jamoat, administrative subdivision of Rudaki district and borders upon the territories of Chorgulteppajamoat. The territory of Somoniyon is only 3.9 km2 (390 hectares) and composes 0.22 % of the territory of Rudaki district. Somoniyon is located in the southern part from the city of Dushanbe, latitude 2000 and longitude 6000, at an altitude of 700 m above sea level. The city is remote at 6 kilometer’s distance from the river Kofarnihon and is located at an altitude of 70-110 m above this river. The territory of Somoniyon city is divided into: residential settlement and neighborhoods - 151 hectares; institutions and service facilities - 100 hectares; public green plantations - 60 hectares; sports facilities - 9 hectares; and streets, roads, squares, parking bays -70 hectares. As of 01/01/2012, 20,153 people (10,128 - men, women -10,025) resided Somoniyon, the population density is 5,303 people per 1 km2. The rate of nativity during last 10 years is an average of 2.2% per year. The city is cosmopolitan, composition of the population is: 62% - Tajiks, 23% - Uzbeks, Russian - 6%, and the rest (Turkmens, Kazakhs, Ukrainians, Ossetians, Germans, Armenians, Georgians, Belarusians and others) - 9%. Somoniyon’s territory is divided into 30 mahalas (mahala is conventional administrative division). There are 55 streets and alleys. People live in 3,760 families. Family is one or two-three related families living in the same house or in an apartment. 1,547 of 3,760 families or 7,735 people live in multi-story housings, 2,213 families or 12,418 people live in one-two-story buildings with homestead land. Houses or apartments of 2,348 families are situated on the territory of 10 major streets, which is 62.4 % of the total number of families. Somoniyon’s main streets are Somoniyon street where houses and apartments of 849 families are situated, and Javonon street where houses and apartments of 191 families are located. The quantity of other houses and apartments located in major streets is following: Buston street - 204; Behrouz street - 222; Borbad Street - 139; Guliston Street - 145; Marifat Street - 221, Gagarin Street - 152, Ozodi Street - 118 , SadiiSherozi Street - 107. There are from 5 to 70 houses and on other streets respectively. Two branches of motorway Dushanbe - Kurgan-Tube - Panj-Afghanistan pass through the territory of Somoniyon, which compose Somoniyon Street (the length of the street is 5.3 km) and Javonon street (the length of the street is 3.0 km). There is one five-story block of flats (70 apartments), 33 four-story blocks of flats (894 apartments), 3 three-story blocks of flats (60 apartments) and 33 two-story blocks of flats (523 apartments) on the territory of Somoniyon. There are 1,547 apartments in multistory blocks of flats altogether. There are more than 100 government, civic and social organizations on the territory of Somoniyon. 4 Administrative-government organizations include state executive body of local self-government (Hukumat) of Rudaki district, judicial bodies, public prosecution, the department of national security, district police station, military commissariat, tax department, social welfare department, the department of education and others. There is a cultural center, a library, a historical museum, a natural history museum and other cultural institutions in Somoniyon city. There are branches of banks: Orienbank, Tojiksodirotbank, Amonatbank etc. General characteristics of the economy of the Somoniyon Somoniyon city's economy is underdeveloped. It is based on state funding of municipal organizations and the work of the local market, as well as local production of some food products and services to the population. The main means for the economic development of the city is the money of work migrants among the citizens of the Somoniyon who go every year for seasonal work in Russia and other neighboring countries. Weak economy and lack of jobs force many residents to leave Somoniyon for seasonal work in Russia and other countries. Currently, money transfers are the main sources of financing the economy of the city. With this money, people live, build houses, buy durable goods, including cars and organize their local production. There are bakeries, some small pastry shops, small pasta manufacturing shop, canteens and small restaurants, shops, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles, gasoline stations selling gas and liquid fuels, city improvement utilities in the city. More successful are the banks and mobile phone companies, since now banking and mobile industries develop relatively faster than others. Almost the entire territory of the Republic is covered with mobile phone network, and the banks have branches in many parts of the country. The banking system is in the first place due to the transfer of funds of Tajik migrants from Russia and othercountries. Somoniyon has a more advanced work of local market. The market price of agricultural products is relatively lower than in Dushanbe. This is because Somoniyon is the agricultural Rudaki district, where the population mainly grows vegetables and has livestock. Individual entrepreneurship is relatively well developed. Main areas of population individual entrepreneurship are: street trading; car services; purchase and sale of goods; power supply unit; photo shops and computer centers; churn; and mini-mills and other types of activities. Somoniyon has two relatively large markets where there are more than 1,500 points of sale, selling fast-moving consumer goods, light industry goods and food. In addition, within the city there are more than 350 retail outlets, called street outlets. They mainly sell small goods and food. 5 Electricity supply of the Somoniyon city "BarqiTojik" is a vertically integrated state owned company that supply electricity to customers in Tajikistan including Rudaki district and Somoniyon city. This state-owned company produces electricity from its own hydroelectric power plants, the main ones being the Nurek, Kayrakum, Baipaza, Sarband, Varzob and some others, and buys electricity from the Russian-Tajik plant Sangtuda 1 and Iranian Sangtuda 2 hydro power plants. Hydroelectric power plants Sangtuda-1 and -2 are located in Tajikistan. The Republican government plan is to unbundle the company by 2016 and divide it into 3 separate companies: The Republic's government plan to hold in 2016 the de-monopolization of the company and turn it into three separate companies: a generator company, aelectricity transmission company and distributor/retailer company. Currently distribution and sale of electric power is also done by "Barki Tajik." There is a unified system of supply and distribution of electricity in Tajikistan, which is divided into republican, regional and district levels. "The electrical system of the Rudaki district is a district level subdivision of the state company "BarqiTojik". Company "BarqiTojik" is a power system monopolist in Tajikistan and is a "generator, supplier and seller of the electricity at the same time. Payments collection is also done by the “BarqiTojik” through its offices in the cities and districts of the Republic. The cost of 1 kWh of electricity for the population is 11 dirams =2,27 US cents (100 Dirams= 1 Somoni = 0,206 $ US) and for businesses is 32 dirams or 32:4,85 = 6,6 US cents. During the 11 months of 2012 the actual amount of electricity consumed in Somoniyon by all customers was 28,410,904 kWh. The cost of electricity consumed is 4,488,308 Somoni or 925,425 $ US ($ 1 = 4.85 Somoni). Electrical supply system of the Somoniyon city currently consists of 81 transformer stations. Electricity supply within the city is done through the lines of the following length: 23.24 km aerial line of 10 kilovolt capacity; 24.7 km aerial line of 0.4 kV capacity; 1.15 km aerial line of 10 kV capacity; and 1.08 km aerial line of 0 4 kV capacity. To supply system of the city consist of following infrastructure: 1.