DOCSLIB.ORG

Nigeria's Record Low-Interest Rates End As Bond Yields Rise by Most in 12Yrs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nigeria's Record Low-Interest Rates End As Bond Yields Rise by Most in 12Yrs businessday market monitor FMDQ Close Benchmark NTB* & CP* Benchmark Sovereign & Corporate Bonds MTN Nigeria Axxela BDC Exchange Rate Funding 1 NSP-SPV Bitcoin FOREIGN EXCHANGE NTB Communications plc FGN Dangote PowerCorp NSE (Natural Gas) CP (Series 4) Cement plc plc plc Foreign Reserve $34.7bn Market Spot ($/N) 28-Oct-21 17-Dec-21 23-Jul-30 30-Apr-25 20-May-27 27-Feb-34 ₦44,998,577.83 I&E FX Window 0.77 0.56 0.00 0.66 0.58 0.00 Biggest Gainer Biggest Loser Cross Rates GBP-$:1.40 YUANY - 59.15 BUY SELL 410.33 CBN Official Rate as at Commodities 379.00 4.97 9.22 13.31 15.07 15.02 15.45 LINKASSURE NEM -5.03 May 6, 2021 $-N 475.00 482.00 3M N0.63 9.52pc N2.00 -9.50pc Cocoa Gold Crude Oil 1M 2M 6M 12M 36M 60M £-N 663.00 676.00 Currency Futures 26-May-21 30-Jun-21 28-Jul-21 27-Oct-21 27-Apr-22 24-Apr-24 29- Apr-26 US$ 2,463.00 $1,831.30 $68.28 39,198.75 €-N 575.00 587.00 ($/N) 420.43 421.86 423.29 427.59 436.18 517.94 613.33 *NTB - Nigerian Treasury Bills; *CP - Commercial Paper NEWS YOU CAN TRUST * MONDAY 10 MAY 2021 I VOL. 19, NO 817 I N300 g www. g @ g See what Nigeria’s record low-interest rates end Nigerian banks charge you for as bond yields rise by most in 12yrs borrowing LOLADE AKINMURELE The benchmark 10-year Nige- and marks the fastest uptick in percent. HOPE MOSES-ASHIKE rian government bond yielded government bond yields since Analysts say the rapid rise in igerian banks are charg- he rapid rise in the 13.3 percent as of Friday, May 7, at least 2009. yields is a signal that Nigeria’s ing an average interest yields of Nigerian according to data from trading The yields on one-year Trea- low interest rate policy is being rate of between 4 percent debt signals an end to platform, FMDQ. That is more sury bills, which are short-term phased out as monetary authori- N and 36 percent on loans given to the record low inter- than three times the 4 percent debt, have also gone up from a ties look to make Nigerian debt customers in various sectors of est rate environment return on the same bond only record low of 0.5 percent some the economy, especially agricul- Tthat characterised the year 2020. six months ago in October 2020, six months ago to nearly 10 Continues on page 31 ture and forestry, manufacturing and education. This represents -7.5 percent- age point lower and 24.50 basis point higher than 11.50 percent Monetary Policy Rate (MPR). Apart from that there are other administrative charges, which sometimes are not known to customers. A Lagos businessman, Chris- tian Ezegolo, two years ago, took some loan from one of the banks at 23 percent interest rate and had liquidated the loan, but has not been able to access another loan since that time due to gam- ut of economic realities around the business environment. Such challenges include the cost send time it takes to place order, produce, ship and clear Continues on page 31 INSIDE Mining sector holds L-R: Gbolahan Sanni, marketing director, Coca-Cola Nigeria Limited; Alfred Olajide, vice president/managing director, Coca-Cola Nigeria Limited; opportunities for investors Ogho Okiti, managing director, BusinessDay, and Nwamaka Onyemelukwe, director, public affairs, communications and sustainability, Coca-Cola Nigeria Limited, during a courtesy visit by the BusinessDay team to Coca-Cola, recently. across Nigeria P. 30 2 BUSINESS DAY Monday 10 May 2021 www.businessday.ng https://www.facebook.com/businessdayng @Businessdayng Monday 10 May 2021 BUSINESS DAY 3 www.businessday.ng https://www.facebook.com/businessdayng @Businessdayng 4 BUSINESS DAY Monday 10 May 2021 www.businessday.ng https://www.facebook.com/businessdayng @Businessdayng Monday 10 May 2021 BUSINESS DAY 5 www.businessday.ng https://www.facebook.com/businessdayng @Businessdayng 6 BUSINESS DAY Monday 10 May 2021 NEWS Modesty Signature launches ‘The Lantern Essence Collection’ Nigeria in dire need of data amadan is a time of streets to create a more festive The Lantern is not a symbol spiritual reflection, environment that is in tune of Ramadan, but an addition to self-improvement with the holy month. the festivities. analysts, software engineers and heightened de- The gap in gender par- which are the toughest to ac- Rvotion and worship. During ENDURANCE OKAFOR ticipation in the industry is quire are mostly technology ca- the period of Ramadan, cities another talent-related chal- pabilities, the report revealed worldwide light up and pre- ne in two Ni- lenge, the Nigeria Fintech that skills such as business pare for the month of fasting gerian finan- Census 2020- Profiling and management, marketing and by decorating their houses and cial technol- Defining the Fintech Sector communication are becoming shops with colourful lanterns ogy (FinTech) report shows that female more essential. creating a beautiful and magi- companies cur- workforce participation in “This gap may continue to cal atmosphere. Orently employs at least one the sector stood at 44 percent widen, as more talents emi- According to Nasif Kayed, international talent. while 56 percent was reported grate or work in other markets,” managing director, Sheikh Mo- While attraction and re- for male. While 55 percent the report projected. hammed Centre for Cultural Un- tention of talent is a top tier of Fintechs have all-male However, 77 percent of derstanding, the concept of the challenge for Nigerian Fintech founders only 12 percent of the industry leaders said they lanterns originated in ancient organisations, skills such as the female are founders. were actively looking at ways Egypt, during the Fatimid dy- data analytics, cybersecurity “The quality and volume of to mitigate the skill dearth nasty, when Caliphate Al-Mu-izz and software engineering are FinTech talent in Nigeria is lim- within their organisations, li-Din Allah arrived on the first among the most difficult to ited and insufficient. Attracting through partnerships with day of Ramadan, the people and find, one of the barriers to the and retaining talent remains other SMEs, suppliers/con- children of Egypt went outside to growth of Fintechs. the biggest challenge faced tractors, constant re-training greet him holding their lanterns. Results of the 2020 survey by FinTechs in Nigeria,” Ade to upskill the current work- Before then, lanterns were by FinTech Association of Ni- Bajomo, president, FinTech force, and collaboration with just used to walk around geria (FintechNGR) recently Association of Nigeria said. academia to develop modern at night, and to walk to the released shows that 54 percent Commissioned to better and relevant digital course mosque. But when the Caliph of Fintech companies said understand the needs of the content including off-taking came, the whole community their businesses were facing an sector and to catalyze the next standout candidates from this went to welcome him with acute shortage of digital skills. steps in the evolution of Nige- process. their lanterns. Since then, it “An area where many believe ria’s FinTech landscape, the Breakdown of the report became that the month of Ra- more support is required,” the report defined Fintechs as shows advanced digital skills madan is more beautiful with report said. organisations combining in- are essential for success as lit-up lanterns everywhere. “Nigerian FinTechs thrive novative business models and agreed by most of the industry In modern-day, with the on recruiting onshore talent technology to enable, enhance, leaders that were engaged in availability of electricity and within the domestic market,” and disrupt financial services the survey. 77 percent of the technology, lanterns are not Dapo Adewole, partner, Tech- EY Definition of FinTech. Fintech leaders pointed to data really needed as a source of nology & FinTech Leader West While the leaders that were analytics as “critical” to strategy light. Instead, it is now used as Africa, EY said in the report that interviewed during the survey and operations, compared to decoration for popular Rama- was jointly published by EY. suggest that the skill areas other digital skills. dan tents, gatherings, and city www.businessday.ng https://www.facebook.com/businessdayng @Businessdayng Monday 10 May 2021 BUSINESS DAY 7 www.businessday.ng https://www.facebook.com/businessdayng @Businessdayng 8 BUSINESS DAY Monday 10 May 2021 NEWS Vaccine bubble lifts Moderna to most profitable quarter in history TEMITAYO AYETOTO There was also an increase said Stéphane Bancel, chief a global supply of up to 3 billion with new governments in Asia, was valued at cost, the compa- in grant revenue of $190 mil- executive officer of Moderna. doses by 2022. Middle East, Africa, and Latin ny’s cost of sales for the quarter he bulging bubble lion mainly driven by revenue In November 2020, Mod- Moderna vaccine is one America likely to push its total would have been $377 million from COVID-19 rise from BARDA related to the erna began to push for U.S. of the mRNA-based vaccines advance purchase agreements or 22 percent of product sales. vaccines produc- company’s COVID-19 vaccine and European emergency leading the fight against the for 2022 higher than 2021 Also, the financials put tion has lifted Mod- development. authorisation of its COVID-19 pandemic. Governments Costs of sales for the quarter research and development erna to the largest “In the first quarter, the vaccine on Monday following around the world including in focus were $193 million or expenses at $401 million Tprofitable quarter ever re- Moderna team delivered on results from a late-stage study the US and UK have inoculated 11 percent of product sales, compared to $115 million corded in its 10-year history.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Quint : an Interdisciplinary Quarterly from the North 1
    the quint : an interdisciplinary quarterly from the north 1 Editorial Advisory Board the quint volume ten issue two Moshen Ashtiany, Columbia University Ying Kong, University College of the North Brenda Austin-Smith, University of Martin Kuester, University of Marburg an interdisciplinary quarterly from Manitoba Ronald Marken, Professor Emeritus, Keith Batterbe. University of Turku University of Saskatchewan the north Donald Beecher, Carleton University Camille McCutcheon, University of South Melanie Belmore, University College of the Carolina Upstate ISSN 1920-1028 North Lorraine Meyer, Brandon University editor Gerald Bowler, Independent Scholar Ray Merlock, University of South Carolina Sue Matheson Robert Budde, University Northern British Upstate Columbia Antonia Mills, Professor Emeritus, John Butler, Independent Scholar University of Northern British Columbia David Carpenter, Professor Emeritus, Ikuko Mizunoe, Professor Emeritus, the quint welcomes submissions. See our guidelines University of Saskatchewan Kyoritsu Women’s University or contact us at: Terrence Craig, Mount Allison University Avis Mysyk, Cape Breton University the quint Lynn Echevarria, Yukon College Hisam Nakamura, Tenri University University College of the North Andrew Patrick Nelson, University of P.O. Box 3000 Erwin Erdhardt, III, University of Montana The Pas, Manitoba Cincinnati Canada R9A 1K7 Peter Falconer, University of Bristol Julie Pelletier, University of Winnipeg Vincent Pitturo, Denver University We cannot be held responsible for unsolicited Peter Geller,
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Governance and Turning African Ciɵes Around: Lagos Case Study
    Advancing research excellence for governance and public policy in Africa PASGR Working Paper 019 Urban Governance and Turning African CiƟes Around: Lagos Case Study Agunbiade, Elijah Muyiwa University of Lagos, Nigeria Olajide, Oluwafemi Ayodeji University of Lagos, Nigeria August, 2016 This report was produced in the context of a mul‐country study on the ‘Urban Governance and Turning African Cies Around ’, generously supported by the UK Department for Internaonal Development (DFID) through the Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR). The views herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those held by PASGR or DFID. Author contact informaƟon: Elijah Muyiwa Agunbiade University of Lagos, Nigeria [email protected] or [email protected] Suggested citaƟon: Agunbiade, E. M. and Olajide, O. A. (2016). Urban Governance and Turning African CiƟes Around: Lagos Case Study. Partnership for African Social and Governance Research Working Paper No. 019, Nairobi, Kenya. ©Partnership for African Social & Governance Research, 2016 Nairobi, Kenya [email protected] www.pasgr.org ISBN 978‐9966‐087‐15‐7 Table of Contents List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ........................................................................................................................ iii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • AFR 44/24/97 UA 368/97 Fear of Ill-Treatment / Legal Concern / Possible Prisoner of Conscience 26 Nov NIGE
    EXTERNAL AI Index: AFR 44/24/97 UA 368/97 Fear of ill-treatment / legal concern / possible prisoner of conscience 26 November 1997 NIGERIAOgaga Ifowodo, aged 34, lawyer, member of the Civil Liberties Organisation (CLO) Amnesty International is concerned at the continued detention of Ogaga Ifowodo, a member of the Civil Liberties Organisation (CLO), a leading human rights organization in Nigeria. Ogaga Ifowodo has been in incommunicado detention, without charge or trial, since his return to Nigeria from the United Kingdom (UK) on around 6 November 1997. On 13 November the security police, the State Security Services (SSS), confirmed his detention at their offices in Ikoyi, Lagos. No reason has been given for his arrest. It appears that Ogaga Ifowodo may have been detained as a consequence of his visit to the UK at the time of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, 24 to 27 October. A number of human rights defenders and several Nigerian non-governmental organizations were present in Edinburgh, where the meeting took place, to demonstrate their support for action by the Commonwealth to help restore democracy and respect for human rights in Nigeria. Restrictions by the Nigerian Government on freedom of movement, usually by seizure of passports or detentions, have made it increasingly difficult for human rights defenders to leave or return to Nigeria openly or without fear of arrest. BACKGROUND INFORMATION The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting maintained the suspension of Nigeria’s membership of the Commonwealth, imposed in November 1995 after the political executions of the writer Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight Ogoni co-defendants.
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of the Nation-State Project in Africa: the Case of Nigeria
    3 The Future of the Nation-State Project in Africa: The Case of Nigeria Nduba Echezona As the Cold War cycle played itself out, some of the multinational nation-states which had been taken for granted such as the former Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia suddenly dissolved. Their splitting pointed towards a direction which had hitherto been a trend in world politics, namely that the nation’s territory had to be synonymous with the territory of the state, the nation being made up of people with shared cultures and myths of blood ties. This direction in Europe might have set a worldwide pace. Africa has shown very little sign of complying with it. Africa entered the post-Cold War era with seemingly high prospects of terri- torial disintegration. This was exemplified by many civil wars in recent years, some with genocidal features. But, except for Eritrea and, to a lesser extent Somaliland, the political map of Africa’s states and borders has remained remarkably unchanged. Wars in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo have not caused these states to split. Nonetheless, wars have led to spatial recompositions, to emerging spaces of sovereignty within state territories and to renewed challenges to the official geography from above — the latter being defined by: the various corporations that have or have had the political or technocratic vocation of establishing, defending or modifying foreign or internal (administrative) borders of established states and organizing their geographical space (regular armies, diplomatic corps, colonial or contemporary administrators) (Ben Arrous 1996:17). 3.Chap.3_2.pmd 79 10/06/2009, 11:10 80 African Studies in Geography from Below In Nigeria, the colonial and postcolonial efforts to construct a nation-state from above rather than from below produced an ‘uncertain’ Nigerian; somebody with equivocal national feelings and many other allegiances.
    [Show full text]
  • Nigeria: Marriage Certificates, Including Their Appearance And
    Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of... https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?... Nigeria: Marriage certificates, including their appearance and security features; requirements and procedure to obtain them from within the country or from abroad; prevalence of fraudulent documents (2018–October 2020) 1. Marriage Registration According to sources, Nigerian laws recognize Islamic, customary and statutory [registry (US n.d.)] marriages (Nigeria n.d.a; Doma-Kutigi, 2019, 25). A journal article on certifying Islamic marriages in Nigeria by Halima Doma-Kutigi, who teaches law at Nasarawa State University and Baze University in Nigeria, indicates that each marriage type is "distinct and separate" from the others (Doma-Kutigi 2019, 22, 23), while the US reciprocity schedule explains that specific requirements apply to each one (US n.d.). Sources report that customary and Islamic marriages are not required to be registered (US n.d.; Doma-Kutigi 2019, 22) or have no government record (Nigeria n.d.a). The US Department of State's reciprocity schedule states that [i]ndividuals will sometimes, when necessary, swear an affidavit in a court that they are married in order to provide written proof of such a marriage. Some Local Governments will issue a certificate based on that affidavit by virtue of the Registration of Customary Marriage [by-l]aws. Absence of an affidavit or certificate of this kind cannot be taken as lack of marital status. (US n.d.) Doma-Kutigi indicates that by-laws allowing local authorities to register customary marriage exist in "most" states (Doma-Kutigi 2019, 29).
    [Show full text]
  • Nigeria's Renewal: Delivering Inclusive Growth in Africa's Largest Economy
    McKinsey Global Institute McKinsey Global Institute Nigeria’s renewal: Delivering renewal: Nigeria’s inclusive largest growth economy in Africa’s July 2014 Nigeria’s renewal: Delivering inclusive growth in Africa’s largest economy The McKinsey Global Institute The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, was established in 1990 to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. Our goal is to provide leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors with the facts and insights on which to base management and policy decisions. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on six themes: productivity and growth; natural resources; labour markets; the evolution of global financial markets; the economic impact of technology and innovation; and urbanisation. Recent reports have assessed job creation, resource productivity, cities of the future, the economic impact of the Internet, and the future of manufacturing. MGI is led by three McKinsey & Company directors: Richard Dobbs, James Manyika, and Jonathan Woetzel. Michael Chui, Susan Lund, and Jaana Remes serve as MGI partners. Project teams are led by the MGI partners and a group of senior fellows, and include consultants from McKinsey & Company’s offices around the world. These teams draw on McKinsey & Company’s global network of partners and industry and management experts.
    [Show full text]
  • Nigeria's Constitution of 1999
    PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:42 constituteproject.org Nigeria's Constitution of 1999 This complete constitution has been generated from excerpts of texts from the repository of the Comparative Constitutions Project, and distributed on constituteproject.org. constituteproject.org PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:42 Table of contents Preamble . 5 Chapter I: General Provisions . 5 Part I: Federal Republic of Nigeria . 5 Part II: Powers of the Federal Republic of Nigeria . 6 Chapter II: Fundamental Objectives and Directive Principles of State Policy . 13 Chapter III: Citizenship . 17 Chapter IV: Fundamental Rights . 20 Chapter V: The Legislature . 28 Part I: National Assembly . 28 A. Composition and Staff of National Assembly . 28 B. Procedure for Summoning and Dissolution of National Assembly . 29 C. Qualifications for Membership of National Assembly and Right of Attendance . 32 D. Elections to National Assembly . 35 E. Powers and Control over Public Funds . 36 Part II: House of Assembly of a State . 40 A. Composition and Staff of House of Assembly . 40 B. Procedure for Summoning and Dissolution of House of Assembly . 41 C. Qualification for Membership of House of Assembly and Right of Attendance . 43 D. Elections to a House of Assembly . 45 E. Powers and Control over Public Funds . 47 Chapter VI: The Executive . 50 Part I: Federal Executive . 50 A. The President of the Federation . 50 B. Establishment of Certain Federal Executive Bodies . 58 C. Public Revenue . 61 D. The Public Service of the Federation . 63 Part II: State Executive . 65 A. Governor of a State . 65 B. Establishment of Certain State Executive Bodies .
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Management Practices in Lagos State Tertiary Institutions Through Total Quality Management Structural Framework
    Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.7, No.8, 2016 Analysis of Management Practices in Lagos State Tertiary Institutions through Total Quality Management Structural Framework Abbas Tunde AbdulAzeez Faculty of Education, Lagos State University Ojo Campus, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria Abstract This research investigated total quality management practices and quality teacher education in public tertiary institutions in Lagos State. The study was therefore designed to analyse management practices in Lagos state tertiary institutions through total quality management structural framework. The selected public tertiary institutions in Lagos State were Lagos State University (LASU) Ojo, University of Lagos (UNILAG) Akoka, Michael Otedola College of Primary Education (MOCOPED) Inaforija, Epe, Federal College of Education Technical (FCET)Akoka, and Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education (AOCOED) Oto-Ijanikin. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. A Total Quality Management practices and Quality Teacher Education Questionnaire (TQMP-QTEQ) was used to obtain data for the study. The structured questionnaire was administered on 905 academic and non-academic staff members and final year students of sampled institutions using purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire was content-validated using expert opinion method and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) statistics of sampling adequacy. In terms of the measure of reliability, the Cronbach’s Alpha values for the two major constructs of the study are satisfactory – quality teacher education (0.838) and TQM (0.879). Their Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) statistics of sampling adequacy were equally above the acceptable standard of 0.7. The hypotheses were tested at the 5 percent level of significance.
    [Show full text]
  • (AWS) AUDIT REPORT Nigerian Bottling Company Limited
    ALLIANCE FOR WATER STEWARDSHIP (AWS) AUDIT REPORT Based on AWS Standard Version 1.0 Nigerian Bottling Company Limited (Member of Coca Cola Hellenic Group) #1 Lateef Jakande Road, Agidingbe Ikeja, Lagos State Nigeria. Report Date: 23-08-2019 Report Version: 02.0 Prepared by: Control Union Certification Services Accra, Ghana. Project No.: 867406AWS-2019-07 AWS Reference No.: AWS-010-INT-CU-00-05-00010-0072 Nigerian Bottling Company Limited AWS Audit Report Contents 1. General Information ............................................................................................................................. 3 1.1. Client Details ................................................................................................................................. 3 1.2. Certification Details ....................................................................................................................... 3 2. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 3 3. Scope of Assessment............................................................................................................................. 4 4. Description of the Catchment ............................................................................................................... 4 5. Summary on Stakeholder and shared Water Challenges ..................................................................... 7 6. Summary of the Assessment................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Obi Patience Igwara ETHNICITY, NATIONALISM and NATION
    Obi Patience Igwara ETHNICITY, NATIONALISM AND NATION-BUILDING IN NIGERIA, 1970-1992 Submitted for examination for the degree of Ph.D. London School of Economics and Political Science University of London 1993 UMI Number: U615538 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615538 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 V - x \ - 1^0 r La 2 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the relationship between ethnicity and nation-building and nationalism in Nigeria. It is argued that ethnicity is not necessarily incompatible with nationalism and nation-building. Ethnicity and nationalism both play a role in nation-state formation. They are each functional to political stability and, therefore, to civil peace and to the ability of individual Nigerians to pursue their non-political goals. Ethnicity is functional to political stability because it provides the basis for political socialization and for popular allegiance to political actors. It provides the framework within which patronage is institutionalized and related to traditional forms of welfare within a state which is itself unable to provide such benefits to its subjects.
    [Show full text]
  • CIG Template
    Country Policy and Information Note Nigeria: Prison conditions Version 1.0 November 2016 Preface This note provides country of origin information (COI) and policy guidance to Home Office decision makers on handling particular types of protection and human rights claims. This includes whether claims are likely to justify the granting of asylum, humanitarian protection or discretionary leave and whether – in the event of a claim being refused – it is likely to be certifiable as ‘clearly unfounded’ under s94 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002. Decision makers must consider claims on an individual basis, taking into account the case specific facts and all relevant evidence, including: the policy guidance contained with this note; the available COI; any applicable caselaw; and the Home Office casework guidance in relation to relevant policies. Country Information The COI within this note has been compiled from a wide range of external information sources (usually) published in English. Consideration has been given to the relevance, reliability, accuracy, objectivity, currency, transparency and traceability of the information and wherever possible attempts have been made to corroborate the information used across independent sources, to ensure accuracy. All sources cited have been referenced in footnotes. It has been researched and presented with reference to the Common EU [European Union] Guidelines for Processing Country of Origin Information (COI), dated April 2008, and the European Asylum Support Office’s research guidelines, Country of Origin Information report methodology, dated July 2012. Feedback Our goal is to continuously improve the country policy and information we provide. Therefore, if you would like to comment on this document, please email the Country Policy and Information Team.
    [Show full text]
  • Customers Perception Approach in Nigeria
    UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRICING AS A MARKETING TOOL IN BANKS– CUSTOMERS PERCEPTION APPROACH IN NIGERIA. A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D.) IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BY MBAH, CHRIS. CHUKWUEMEKA M.SC. MBA, B.SC. 25 JULY, 2012. 1 SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS 2 CERTIFICATION This is to certify that the thesis THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRICING AS A MARKETING TOOL IN BANKS– CUSTOMERS PERCEPTION APPROACH IN NIGERIA. Submitted to the School of Post Graduate Studies. University of Lagos For the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Is a record of the original research carried out By MBAH, CHRIS. CHUKWUEMEKA In the Department of Business Administration ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. NAME OF AUTHOR SIGNATURE DATE ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. 1ST SUPERVISOR‟S NAME SIGNATURE DATE ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. 2nd SUPERVISOR‟S NAME SIGNATURE DATE ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. 1st INTERNAL EXAMINER SIGNATURE DATE ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. 2nd INTERNAL EXAMINER SIGNATURE DATE ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. 3 EXTERNAL EXAMINER SIGNATURE DATE ………………………………………… …………………………………. ………………….. SPGS REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE DATE DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my late parents who paid the initial price and laid the foundation for my education. May the Lord Almighty grant their souls eternal and blissful rest-Amen. 4 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writing of a university thesis, especially at Ph.D level, is very demanding in terms of time, energy and other resources of the writer and some other persons. In this vein, I am greatly indebted to numerous authors whose work were cited, read and other persons who had time to read this work at various stages, especially my supervisors: Prof.
    [Show full text]